外研版（2019）高考英语一轮复习课时练习29 ：选择性必修2 Unit 5　A delicate world （含解析）

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选择性必修第二册　Unit 5　A delicate world

A组·基础巩固

Ⅰ. 语法填空

A

AUCKLAND, New Zealand, Jan. 5 (Xinhua) — The heavy smoke from devastating Australian bushfires cloaked (笼罩) Auckland, 1. ________ (turn) the city's skyline into strange, mysterious and frightening orange colour 2. ________Sunday afternoon.

New Zealand meteorology service MetService forecast that 3. ________ upper level jet of westerly winds was driving the smoke across the Tasman Sea towards New Zealand. The smoke 4. ________ (expect) to arrive Sunday evening and was likely to be 5. ________ (large) gone by the morning.

It is the second layer of smoke coming from the Australian bushfires, 6. ________ is cloaking the North Island and upper parts of the South Island. Much of the South Island 7. ________ (awake) to reddish­brown skies on New Year's Day before the smoke spread to the North Island.

MetService said it is possible 8. ________ people would be able to smell and taste the smoke. However, long­lasting health 9. ________ (effect) are not expected.

On Friday, the New Zealand government pledged (承诺) twenty two 10. ________ (many) firefighters to help fight the Australian bushfires.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了1月5日澳大利亚热带丛林大火的情况。

1. turning　考查非谓语动词。________ (turn) the city's... 在句中作结果状语，主语the heavy smoke与turn之间是主动关系，故填turning。

2. on　考查介词。表示在具体的某一天早上，上、下午用介词on，故填on。

3. an　考查冠词。“upper level jet of westerly winds”泛指一股高空西风急流，且upper以元音音素开头，故填an。

4. was expected　考查动词的时态。主语the smoke和谓语动词expect之间为被动关系，且根据语境可知，本句时态为一般过去时，故填was expected。

5. largely　考查副词。large在句中作状语，修饰动词gone，故填largely。

6. which　考查非限制性定语从句。句中先行词为the second layer of smoke，关系词在非限制性定语从句中作主语，故填which。

7. awoke　考查动词的时态。根据on New Year's Day可知应用一般过去时，故填awoke。

8. that　考查连接词。It is possible that... 为主语从句，表示“……是有可能的”。从句句意和句子成分完整，所以连接词为that。故填that。

9. effects　考查名词的单复数。effect表示“效果”时，为可数名词，根据系动词are可知，主语应为复数形式，故填effects.

10. more　考查比较级。“基数词＋more＋名词”表示在一定基础上再增加一定的数量，故填more。

B

Researchers in China have explained why basking (沐浴) in the sun can make people smart. It is known to everybody that the sun is very important and nothing in the world can survive 1. ________it. Science has already proved that sunny days can help 2. ________ (strong) a person's mood, intelligence and memory.

A team at the University of Science and Technology of China in Hefei, Anhui Province discovers that UV light, an element of sunshine, makes a change in the brain that can make 3. ________ (we) smarter.

Tests on mice show that moods and learning can be improved due to enough exposure to UV light, according to Xiong Wei, 4. ________ professor at the university's School of Life Sciences who led the study. He says that mice 5. ________ (expose) to UV light, which is equal to 20 to 30 minutes of midday sun in Florida in summer. Exposure to UV light 6. ________ (increase) the level of a substance in blood, which reacts with brain cells 7. ________ (promote) functions such as learning and memory. Xiong says previous research has 8. ________ (actual) found that this substance will change in our body and do good to our 9. ________ (fit), but this is the first time that it has been showed that the process can happen in the brain, which is a finding 10. ________ surprises the team.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。安徽合肥中国科技大学的一个小组用小老鼠的试验证明了阳光中的紫外线能在大脑中产生一种变化，使得我们变得更聪明。也就是说阳光普照的天气能让我们心情好、更聪明并且记忆力更好。

1. without　考查介词。空格处单词位于动词后，与it一起作状语，所以填介词。根据语境可知应为without，故填without。

2. strengthen　考查动词。根据语境可知，此处应为动词形式，故填strengthen。

3. us　考查人称代词。空格处单词位于make后作宾语，应用人称代词的宾格形式，故填us。

4. a/one　考查不定冠词或不定代词。空格处单词与professor一起作Xiong Wei 的同位语，professor为可数名词，使用的是单数形式，所以空格处可以填表示“一个”的不定冠词或不定代词，professor是以辅音音素开头的，故填a/one。

5. are exposed　考查动词的时态和语态。本句是that引导的宾语从句，从句中缺少谓语。句子主语mice与expose之间是被动关系，所以应用被动语态。由says以及全文使用的一般现在时可知，从句部分也应用一般现在时。mice为复数形式，故填are exposed。

6. increases　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。本句是一个定语从句，主句缺少谓语。由于全文使用的一般现在时，所以这句话也应使用一般现在时。Exposure to UV light表达单数意义，故填increases。

7. to promote　考查不定式。根据句意可知，这种物质与脑细胞产生反应促进了学习和记忆功能，所以应用不定式作目的状语。故填to promote。

8. actually　考查副词。空格处单词修饰整个句子，应用副词形式，故填actually。

9. fitness　考查名词。空格处单词位于物主代词our后，应用名词形式。fit的名词形式为fitness，故填fitness。

10. that　考查定语从句。本句是一个非限制性定语从句，非限制性定语从句内又含有一个限制性定语从句。这个限制性定语从句的先行词为a finding，指物，并且其在从句中作主语，所以应使用关系词which或that。又因这个句子中已经有一个which，故填that。

Ⅱ. 根据提示补全句子

1. 正如报告所显示的，在过去的两个月里，这个城市的空气质量已有所改善。(as)

The air quality in the city, as is shown in the report, has improved over the past two months.

2. 他生来就有残疾，但他从不沮丧，也从未屈服于任何困难。(部分倒装)

He was disabled from birth，but he never felt frustrated, nor did he give in to any difficulty.

3. 开始你可能有些困难，如果是这样的话，请给我们打电话。(状语从句的省略)

You may have some difficulty at first. If so, please ring us.

4. 我想当然的认为你会跟我们在一起。(it作形式宾语)

I took it for granted that you would stay with us．

5. 我的这些成就都应归功于我的同事以及朋友们的鼓励和帮助。(owe)

I owe all the achievements to the encouragement and help from my colleagues and friends.

B组·能力提升

Ⅰ. 阅读理解

Flying has shrunk the world! It's now possible to travel around the globe quickly and easily. Jumping on a plane and jetting off on holiday or a business trip is the norm for many of us, and with the rise of budget airlines, the number of people taking to the skies is increasing. But while air travel is costing us less, the cost to the environment is going up.

Climate change is something we're all aware of now, and aviation companies know that some of the blame for this is being pointed at them. Last year airlines were forecasted to use about 97bn gallons of jet fuel.

But while we could think twice about taking a flight in the first place, particularly a short trip that could be made by train, technology might be the answer to reducing emissions and minimising the environmental damage.

Recent developments have focused on reducing the amount of fuel airliners(大型客机) burn. Making flying green and sustainable was the hot topic at the recent Dubai Air Show. There was talk of advances in engine technology, making them more efficient, and possibly using biofuel to power aircraft.

Rios Galvan, a bioenergy expert and professor at Khalifa University in Abu Dhabi, told the BBC that “these have the capacity to reduce the carbon footprint anywhere between 50­80 percent when you compare them to fuels”．

And Phil Curnock, chief engineer of the civil future programme at Rolls­Royce, also suggested that electric hybrid engines (混合动力发动机) could play a part for smaller aircraft, covering shorter distances. He says, “it offers the possibility of a carbon­neutral flight for a limited range.”

Of course, aircraft manufacturers are constantly looking at ways to make their planes more fuel efficient. Boeing's Dreamliner, for example, is already in operation and uses 25 percent less fuel per passenger compared with aircraft of a similar size. Other improvements include better aircraft aerodynamics (空气动力学), changes to ways aircraft taxi (滑行) on runways, and the use of lighter materials.

1. What can we infer from Paragraph 1?

A. The earth gets smaller.

B. Budget airlines become popular.

C. Flying is favourite among passengers.

D. Air travel can do harm to environment.

2. What does the underlined word “minimising” mean?

A. Lowering.  B. Consolidating.  C. Weakening.  D. Increasing.

3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Boeing's Dreamliner is a green aircraft.

B. Biofuel is a necessity to power airliners.

C. Electric hybrid engines have their limitations.

D. Ways will be found to reduce fuel consumption.

4. How can aircrafts be made more fuel efficient?

A. By bettering runways.

B. By making smaller aircrafts.

C. By using the lighter materials.

D. By using aircraft aerodynamics.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。虽然如今人们可以轻松快捷地环游世界，乘飞机旅行花费更少，但环境成本却在上升。在最近的迪拜航空展上，让飞行更加环保、更合乎可持续发展理念是一个热门话题。会议讨论了发动机技术的进步，发动机效率的提高，并可能使用生物燃料为飞机提供动力。文章还说明了一位生物能源专家Rios Galvan对生物燃料的看法以及首席工程师 Phil Curnock对混合动力发动机的看法。

1. D　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“But while air travel is costing us less, the cost to the environment is going up.”可推知，乘飞机旅行对环境有害。故选D。

2. A　词义猜测题。根据画线词前的内容“But while we could think twice about taking a flight in the first place, particularly a short trip that could be made by train, technology might be the answer to reducing emissions and”及and连接的前后两个动词为近义词可知，画线词的意思为“减少，降低”。故选A。

3. C　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“He says，‘it offers the possibility of a carbon­neutral flight for a limited range.’”可知，油电混合动力引擎有其局限性。故选C。

4. C　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Other improvements include better aircraft aerodynamics(空气动力学), changes to ways aircraft taxi (滑行) on runways, and the use of lighter materials.”可知，使用较轻的材料可以使飞机更省油。故选C。

Ⅱ. 完形填空

The Adams family home has been taken over by origami (折纸) in all sizes and shapes. No one seems to   1   though. Those paper creations are   2   clean water projects around the world and saving lives. A messy home is a small price to pay   3  ．

In 2011, Isabelle Adams and her sister Katherine learned that every five seconds a child died from   4   of clean water and that girls of their age couldn't go to school   5   they were fetching water all day for their families. They   6   to do something.

“So we took something that we loved doing — folding origami, with the   7   goal to help fund a well in Ethiopia，” explains Katherine.   8  ， they ended up selling out and raising far more than that to fully   9   the cost of the well.

Katherine, now 13, adds，“It just snowballed,   10   the founding of the project Paper for Water.” In eight years, this project has   11   more than 2 million dollars for over 200 water projects in 20 different countries.

Now, the rest of the Adams family are also   12  . But at the heart of it, beneath countless paper decorations sit two bold sisters hoping to   13   other girls and boys. “Kids have an incredible ability to make a real   14   to the world if they're just given the chance，” Isabelle says, “and if people   15   them in their efforts.”

1. A. mind B. notice C. appreciate D. remember

2. A. decorating B. rewarding C. attracting D. funding

3. A. in exchange B. in turn C. in return D. in response

4. A. pollution B. loss C. lack D. waste

5. A. although B. because C. unless D. while

6. A. hesitated B. decided C. happened D. demanded

7. A. lifelong B. individual C. original D. critical

8. A. Obviously B. Unexpectedly C. Suddenly D. Gradually

9. A. spend B. fill C. offer D. cover

10. A. trying out B. depending on C. contributing to D. appealing to

11. A. saved B. borrowed C. earned D. collected

12. A. involved B. praised C. recognised D. employed

13. A. satisfy B. inspire C. inform D. comfort

14. A. judgement B. sense C. difference D. connection

15. A. support B. persuade C. welcome D. award

【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要记叙了Isabelle Adams和Katherine Adams通过折纸来为挖水井募集资金。家里的其他成员在她们的带动下也加入了这一行动，Katherine说只要给予孩子们机会和支持，他们就能影响世界。

1. A　结合下文Adams一家帮助缺水儿童的行为可知，她们对于在家折纸这件事并不介意。故选A。

2. D　根据下文中的“clean water projects around the world and saving lives”可知，这些纸制品正在资助世界各地的清洁水项目，拯救生命。故选D。

3. A　因为折纸而凌乱的家换来的是这些折纸资助世界各地的清洁水项目，拯救生命。故选A。

4. C　根据下文中的“they were fetching water all day for their families”可知，是缺乏清洁水。故选C。

5. B　本句为原因状语从句，表示“因为”。故选B。

6. B　根据上文可知，她们了解了缺水儿童的情况后，决定用折纸来帮助他们。故选B。

7. C　根据上文可知，姐妹二人了解了缺水儿童的情况后，最初的目标就是为了资助他们一口水井。故选C。

8. B　根据下文中的“they ended up selling out and raising far more”可知，出乎意料的是，她们最终卖光了折纸。故选B。

9. D　根据上文中的“raising far more than that to fully”可知，筹集到的资金足以完全涵盖了水井的花费。故选D。

10. C　根据下文中的“the founding of the project Paper for Water”可知，Katherine和Isabelle的行为为Paper for Water项目的建立做出了贡献。故选C。

11. D　根据下文中的“more than 2 million dollars for over 200 water projects in 20 different countries”可知，是指为20个不同国家的200多个水利项目筹集了200多万美元。故选D。

12. A　根据上文中的“the rest of the Adams family are also”可知，Adams家族的其他成员也参与其中。故选A。

13. B　根据下文中的“Kids have an incredible ability to make a real   14   to the world”可知，两姐妹希望用自己的行动来激励其他人。故选B。

14. C　make a difference意为“有影响，有关系”，为固定短语。故选C。

15. A　根据上文中的“if they're just given the chance”可知，只要孩子们被给予机会和被人们所支持，他们就能影响世界。故选A。

Ⅲ. 语法填空

Traditional Earthen Buildings

Listed as a World Cultural Heritage in 2008, tulou or earthen buildings are unique rural dwellings (住宅) in the 1. ________ (mountain) area in east China's Fujian Province. The buildings 2. ________ (appear) in the Song and Yuan dynasties, and took 3. ________ (they) current shapes in the Ming and Qing dynasties. Some of the Hakka and Hoklo people still live in the tulou. The buildings were 4. ________ (original) for Hakka families to live together and defend 5. ________ the invaders. They evolved from local mountain camps, most of 6. ________ took a circular structure. Most of the earthen buildings have been developed since it was put on the List, and the number of tourists 7. ________ (rise) dramatically. Lin Jianwen is currently the sixth generation owner of Zhencheng Building 8. ________ (build) in 1912. Lin went back home and inherited the building, turning it into a homestay hotel. In peak time, there are 200 people from 27 families 9. ________ (live) in it. He runs 10. ________ business with his family and takes good care of the visitors. Welcoming tourists from all over the world makes Lin's life more colourful in the village.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在2008年被收录到世界文化遗产的福建土楼以及福建土楼的历史、以往的功能等。同时，还通过例子介绍了福建土楼现今作为民宿发展的这一经济作用。

1. mountainous　考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，area为名词，前面需用形容词修饰。故填mountainous。

2. appeared　考查动词的时态。分析句子结构可知，宋元时期为过去的时间点，应用一般过去时。故填appeared。

3. their　考查物主代词。分析句子结构可知，下文current shapes为名词短语，此处应填形容词性物主代词。故填their。

4. originally　考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空格处修饰整个句子，应使用副词形式，故填originally。

5. against　考查固定搭配。分析句子结构可知，此处为固定词组defend against，意为“保卫；抵抗；抵御；防御”。故填against。

6. which　考查关系代词。分析句子结构可知，此句为非限制性定语从句，而且是“of＋关系代词”的结构。先行词camps为物，故填which。

7. has risen　考查动词的时态。分析句子结构可知，句中and连接时态、语态一致的词语，前句中使用了现在完成时，空处也应使用现在完成时。the number of后跟名词复数形式时，其谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，故填has risen。

8. built　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，Zhencheng Building和build之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填built。

9. living　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句已经存在谓语动词且句中没有连词，因此live作非谓语动词。live与逻辑主语people之间是主谓关系，故填living。

10. the　考查定冠词。下文中的business指代的是上文中出现的a homestay hotel (民宿生意)，上文中出现过的内容，下文再次出现时应使用定冠词the。故填the。