2020年中考英语真题分项汇编：专题17 任务型阅读 考点4 综合任务（含解析）

专题17 任务型阅读

考点4 综合任务

Passage 1（ •黑龙江哈尔滨市）

Many kids go camping during the summer. Usually, they start camp (露营) in the morning and go home in the afternoon. That is called day camp. Nowadays, another kind of camp, sleep-away camp, is becoming popular with kids. It's called sleep-away camp because they stay overnight (过夜) there. It's a kind of vacation for kids, but without their parents. Kids usually spend a week in attending sleep-away camp. It offers much more excitement because they'll be there all day and night, eating their meals, playing games and communicating with others. They'll sleep in a cabin (小屋) with the other kids attending the camp. They have to share the bathroom with the other kids.

If you go to a sleep-away camp for the first time, you'll feel excited and maybe a little nervous. Be proud of yourself for being old enough to go camping. It is a chance to try new things. It's also a chance to learn about being independent. Are you looking forward to attending such a camp in your summer vacation?

根据英文释义及首字母提示拼写单词。

69. c________ to exchange information, news or ideas with somebody

70. n________ being worried and not able to relax

71. Be proud of yourself for being old enough to go camping. 完成同义句转换，每空一词。

Take ________ ________ yourself for being old enough to go camping.

72. How many kinds of camps are mentioned in the passage?

________________________________________________________.

73. How long do kids usually spend in attending sleep-way camp?

________________________________________________________.

74. Who do they have to share the bathroom with?

________________________________________________________.

【答案与解析】

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，详细介绍了一种露营方式——住宿营。

69. communicate 【解析】根据英文释义“to exchange information, news or ideas with somebody”和别人交换信息、新闻或想法，可知是“沟通”communicate，故答案为communicate。

70. nervous  【解析】根据英文释义“being worried and not able to relax”担忧，无法放松，可知是“紧张的”nervous，故答案为nervous。

71.  (1). pride    (2). in 【解析】be proud of意为“为……感到骄傲”，可替换为同义短语take pride in，其中pride为名词，故答案为pride in。

72. Two.  【解析】根据“That is called day camp. Nowadays, another kind of camp, sleep-away camp, is becoming popular with kids”，可知文章共提到“白天营”和“住宿营”两种露营方式，故答案为Two。

73. A week.  【解析】根据“Kids usually spend a week in attending sleep-away camp”，可知通常是参加一周时间，故答案为A week。

74. The other kids.

【解析】根据“They have to share the bathroom with the other kids”，可知要和其他孩子共享浴室，故答案为The other kids.

Passage 2（ •湖南省常德市）

阅读短文，将文中划线部分译成汉语或英语。

Technology is developing fast and it has become an important part of our life. 1 那么未来的世界会是什么样子?

3-D food will be both delicious and nutritious. We can simply use3-D printers to print some basic materials. 2 Scientists believe that we just need to turn on a printer in the kitchen and then we can enjoy our favourite food.

3 5G网络将允许更多的人获得信息。 Big companies like China Mobile and China Unicom will start to offer 5G network. It is said that promises download speeds 10 to 20 times faster than 4G.

Underwater cities will provide more space. The earth is becoming more and more crowded. We may turn to underwater homes, which will be built as low as 15 kilometers below the sea.

4 Space tours will be a piece of cake. For us common people on the earth, the dream of travelling around space will come true. In the coming years, spacecrafts will be as popular as buses, trains and planes. We can leave our home and enter space to take a trip. And we will even get used to living there.

A robot will be a part of life. Robots can do many of the same things as we humans do, like driving cars. 5 But they will be used in other areas as well. They will be able to think and even tell the difference between right and wrong.

In a word, just as Jules Vemne said, “Anything one man can imagine, other men can make real.”

51. _______________________________________________________

52. _______________________________________________________

53. _______________________________________________________

54. _______________________________________________________

55. _______________________________________________________

【答案与解析】

【文章大意】

本文是一篇说明文。主要讲的是科技发展迅速，它已经成为我们生活的重要组成部分，并介绍了因为这些高科技，未来的生活将会是什么样的。

51. So what will the world be like in the future?  

【解析】分析句子可知，本句是一般将来时特殊疑问句，结构是：疑问词+will+主语+谓语+其他？so那么，句首首字母大写；what…be like……是什么样；the world世界；in the future未来。套入结构，故答案是So what will the world be like in the future?

52. 科学家们认为，我们只需打开厨房里的打印机，然后就能享用我们最爱的食物。   

【解析】分析句子可知，这是一个that引导的宾语从句，scientists believe科学家们认为；need to需要；turn on a printer in the kitchen打开厨房的打印机；enjoy our favourite food享用我们最爱的食物。故答案是科学家们认为，我们只需打开厨房里的打印机，然后就能享用我们最爱的食物。

53. 5G networks will allow more people to get information.   

【解析】分析句子可知，本句时态是一般将来时。结构：主语+will+动词原形+其他。5G networks 5G网络；allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事；more people更多的人；get information获得信息。故答案是5G networks will allow more people to get information.

54. 太空旅行将是小菜一碟。   

【解析】分析句子可知，本句是一般将来时。space tours太空旅行；a piece of cake小菜一碟。故答案是：太空旅行将是小菜一碟。

55. 但它们也将被用于其他领域。

【解析】分析句子可知，本句是一般将来时的被动语态。but 但是；be used in被用于；other areas其他领域；as well也。故答案是：但它们也将被用于其他领域。

Passage 3（ •山东省聊城市）

We all need a healthy environment, but we produce waste every day, and it is harmful to our environment. Repeat these three words daily: reduce, reuse and recycle.

Reduce

Reduce means "use less". Do not waste things. It saves money and causes less pollution. Do not order more food than you can finish. 当你不需要的时候就把灯关上。Before you buy something new, think whether it is really necessary because maybe the old one is just as good!

Reuse

Reuse means "use again". Use things for as long as possible. Look after them so that they will last. Repair them if possible. Do not throw them away and buy new ones. Do not use paper cups or paper bags.

Recycle

Recycle means "change things into something else to be reused". We throw tons of rubbish away each year, and we have to make a change. Divide your rubbish into plastic, glass, paper and rubber. Develop a recycling policy for the whole community. Buy products such as recycled paper to help save trees.

41. 回答问题：

What words are we advised to repeat every day?

_________________________________________________

42. 回答问题：

What does the underlined word "It" in the second paragraph refer to（指的是)?

_________________________________________________

43. 将文中划线的汉语句子译成英语。

_________________________________________________

44. 从文中找出与下面所给句子意思相同的句子。

Take care of them so that they will be used for more time.

_________________________________________________

45. 将文中划线英语句子译成汉语。

_________________________________________________

【答案与解析】

【文章大意】本文主要向我们介绍三个环保的建议：减少、再利用和循环利用。

41. Reduce, reuse and recycle.  

【解析】根据第一段中“Repeat these three words daily: reduce, reuse and recycle.”可知，建议我们每天重复“减少、再利用和循环利用”。故填Reduce, reuse and recycle.

42. Reduce. /Use less.   

【解析】分析“Reduce means ‘use less’. Do not waste things. It saves money and causes less pollution.”可知，减少意味着“使用更少”，不要浪费东西，这样既省钱又减少污染。所以此处it指代的是“减少或使用更少”。故填Reduce. /Use less.

43. Turn off the lights when you do not need them.   

【解析】分析句子可知，“把灯关上”可用祈使句turn off the lights表示，用于句首需大写首字母；原句表示“当……时”，可用when引导的时间状语从句表示；“不需要”可用do not need表示。故填Turn off the lights when you do not need them.

44. Look after them so that they will last.   

【解析】分析“Take care of them so that they will be used for more time.”可知，本句表示“照顾好它们，以便它们可以被用的更久”。可用原文中“Look after them so that they will last.”代替，翻译为“好好照顾他们，让它们能持续下去”。故填Look after them so that they will last.

45. 把你的垃圾分（类）成塑料、玻璃、纸（制品)和橡胶。

【解析】分析句子可知，本句是祈使句；Divide…into…翻译为“把……分成……”；rubbish翻译为“垃圾”；plastic, glass, paper and rubber翻译为“塑料、玻璃、纸（制品)和橡胶”。故填“把你的垃圾分（类）成塑料、玻璃、纸（制品)和橡胶。”

Passage 4（ •山东省泰州市）

阅读下面的短文，并根据短文后的要求答题，（请注意问题后的词数要求）

[1] It’s Friday evening. My daughters sighed (叹息) when I gently took the iPads away from their laps. One by one, our screens were turned off. We lit the candles and sat down to have a big meal.

[2] We call it our “Technology Shabbat”(科技安息日) which lasts from sunset(日落) on Friday to sunset on Saturday. Now most friends know they will not be able to contact(联系) us by using computers or mobile phones for 24 hours.

[3] I first understood the importance of “Technology Shabbat” in 2008 when my father had got brain cancer. Some days he would have only one good hour, and the only thing I wanted to do was to be with him. When I looked (4) ①______ my father, I turned off my mobile phone.

[4] Soon after that, my husband and I decided to turn off all the electronic things for one full day every week.

[5] During our “Technology Shabbat”, time slows down. Our Saturdays now feel like mini-vacations. We drive cars or ride bikes. We work in the garden, play board games and cook meals with our kids. I feel like a better mother, wife and person.

[6] Keeping a balance(平衡) between the good and the (4) ②______ of technology is important for my family. The technology helps us share knowledge and funny ideas all over the world. But the technology also takes something away from us. When we (4) ③______ up late at night linking(连接) from website to website or sending messages, we click(点击) again and again until we have been overloaded(超负荷的).

[7] Now we’re rushing into the time full of high technology. (5) We should pay attention to what we are doing online and when we should go offline.

[8] I will always remember the most important thing in my family: Technology Shabbat.

46. When is “Technology Shabbat” in the writer’s family? (No more than 10 words)

________________________________________________

47. What did the writer and her husband decide to do after her father got cancer? (No more than 18 words)

________________________________________________

48. What’s the good of technology according to the passage? (No more than 15 words)

________________________________________________

49. Fill in each blank with one proper word.

①____________    ②____________    ③____________

50. Translate the underlined sentence in the seventh paragraph into Chinese.

________________________________________________

51. Do you like the idea of “Technology Shabbat”? Why or why not? (No more than 25 words)

__________________________________________

【答案与解析】

【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，记叙了作者一家“科技安息日”，在这一天，全家都要远离电子产品，享受家庭时光。

46. It is/ lasts from sunset on Friday to sunset on Saturday./ From sunset on Friday to sunset on Saturday.   

【解析】题意：什么时候是作者家里的“科技安息日”？

根据原文We call it our “Technology Shabbat”(科技安息日) which lasts from sunset(日落) on Friday to sunset on Saturday可知，从周五的日落时分到周六的日落时分，是作者家里的“科技安息日”。故答案为：It is/ lasts from sunset on Friday to sunset on Saturday./ From sunset on Friday to sunset on Saturday.

47. They decided to turn off all the electronic things for one full day every week./ They decided to have their “Technology Shabbat” every week.   

【解析】题意：在她父亲得了癌症后，作者和她的丈夫决定做什么？

根据原文I first understood the importance of “Technology Shabbat” in 2008, when my father had got brain cancer可知，在她父亲2008年得了癌症之后，作者开始意识到了“科技安息日”的重要性，于是决定在家里举办“科技安息日”。故答案为：They decided to turn off all the electronic things for one full day every week./ They decided to have their “Technology Shabbat” every week.

48. The technology/ It helps us share knowledge and funny ideas all over the world.   

【解析】题意：根据本文内容，（信息）技术能带来什么好处？

根据原文The technology helps us share knowledge and funny ideas all over the world可知，（信息）技术帮助我们在全世界范围内分享知识和有趣的想法。故答案为：The technology/ It helps us share knowledge and funny ideas all over the world.

49.  (1). after    (2). bad/ disadvantage(s)    (3). stay   

【解析】题意：用适当的词填空。

①根据原文when my father had got brain cancer. Some days he would have only one good hour, and the only thing I wanted to do was to be with him可知，此处指的是作者照顾她父亲时，会关掉手机。look after意为“照顾”，符合句意，故答案为after。

②根据原文The technology helps us share knowledge and funny ideas all over the world. But the technology also takes something away from us可知，此处指的是作者一家需要在技术的优点和缺点之间保持平衡。bad/ disadvantage(s)意为“缺点”，符合句意，故答案为bad/ disadvantage(s)。

③根据原文at night … until we have been overloaded可知，此处指的是当我们熬夜时，我们刷着一个又一个的网页，直到我们精疲力尽。stay up late意为“熬夜”，符合句意，故答案为stay。

50. 我们应当注意在网上做些什么，并且知道什么时候应当离线（下线/断网）。   

【解析】题意：把第七段中画线句子翻译成中文。

文中句子为We should pay attention to what we are doing online and when we should go offline。我们We，应该should，注意pay attention to，在网上做些什么what we are doing online，什么时候应当离线（下线/断网）when we should go offline。组合起来可得中文句子“我们应当注意在网上做些什么，并且知道什么时候应当离线（下线/断网）”，故答案为“我们应当注意在网上做些什么，并且知道什么时候应当离线（下线/断网）。”

51. Yes, I do. Because during Technology Shabbat I can spend more time with my family/ have a good rest/ relax myself/ avoid being overloaded/ have more time to do more things I like/ be a better son/ daughter/ student/ person/ …

Or: No, I don’t. Because it’s not easy/ convenient for others to contact me by using computers or mobile phones during Technology Shabbat/ …

Or: No, I don’t. Because I can’t study online/ get the latest news/ search for information on the Internet/ … (Any reasonable answer is acceptable.)

【解析】题意：你喜欢“科技安息日”这个点子吗？理由是？

本题为主观题，没有标准答案，言之有理即可。故参考答案为：Yes, I do. Because during Technology Shabbat I can spend more time with my family/ have a good rest/ relax myself/ avoid being overloaded/ have more time to do more things I like/ be a better son/ daughter/ student/ person/ …

Or: No, I don’t. Because it’s not easy/ convenient for others to contact me by using computers or mobile phones during Technology Shabbat/ …

Or: No, I don’t. Because I can’t study online/ get the latest news/ search for information on the Internet/ …

Passage 5（•四川省达州市）

Wuhan is the___ A___ city of Hubei. It is a beautiful large and very important city in China. During this Spring Festival, the city received much attention because of a novel corona-virus （新冠病毒）.

Several days before the Spring Festival, Wuhan was locked and the city became quiet. However, a big fight was going on there. It was the fight ___B___ the novel corona-virus. The doctors and nurses there became brave warriors （勇士） in masks, glasses and protective suits. ①他们许多人不得不每天工作十多个小时，drinking little or no water. They risked their health and even lives to treat the patients. Thousands of doctors and nurses from other provinces and cities went to Wuhan to support them. There is no doubt that ②heroes, in, were, fight, all, they, the.

Besides doctors and nurses, everyone in our country was doing their own part in the fight against the novel corona-virus.

This Spring Festival was not as fun as it usually is. It even brought us tears many times. However, we will never forget those difficult days, ③not only for the awful virus, but also for the efforts we made together and the lessons we learned.

任务一:请分别在文中A、B两处的横线上填入适当单词（每空一词）。

51. A_____________              B____________

任务二:请将文中①处句子译成英语

52. __________________________________________________

任务三:请将文中②处的斜体单词连成句子。

53. There is no doubt that_______________________________________

任务四:请将:文中③处划线句子译成汉语。

54. ___________________________________________________________

任务五: When was Wuhan locked according to the passage?

55. ___________________________________________________________

【答案与解析】

【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了今年春节因为新冠肺炎的爆发，武汉人民在医护人员的带领下以及全国人民的支持中与新冠作斗争的故事。

51.     (1). capital    (2). against  

【解析】A处作定语修饰其后名词city，可以用名词，根据常识，可知武汉是湖北的省会，所以填capital省会，是名词；B处应该是和其后构成介词短语作后置定语修饰其前名词fight，根据句意，可知是against，表示“反对，抗争”，是介词，故答案分别为capital; against。

52. Many of them had to work for over ten hours every day   

【解析】根据中文和前后语境，可知用一般过去时；many of them他们许多人，have to不得不，其过去时为had to；work工作，是动词；for over ten hours十多个小时；every day每天，作时间状语，放在句尾，故答案为Many of them had to work for over ten hours every day.

53. they were all heroes in the fight.   

【解析】根据所给单词，可知是一般过去时的肯定句。they他们，作主语；were是，heroes英雄，作表语，其前被不定代词all修饰；in the fight在这场斗争中，故答案为they were all heroes in the fight.

54. 不仅因为这个糟糕的病毒，还因为我们一起作出的努力和学到的教训。   

【解析】not only…but also…不但……而且……；for为了，因为；awful糟糕的，作定语修饰其后名词virus病毒；efforts努力，其后we made together是省略关系词的定语从句，修饰其前名词efforts；lessons教训，其后we learned是省略关系词的定语从句，修饰其前名词lessons，故答案为“不仅因为这个糟糕的病毒，还因为我们一起作出的努力和学到的教训”。

55. Several days before the Spring Festival.

【解析】根据“Several days before the Spring Festival, Wuhan was locked and the city became quiet”，可知是春节前几天武汉封城，故答案为Several days before the Spring Festival.

Passage 6（•浙江省湖州市）

阅读下面短文,根据短文内容完成阅读摘要。每空限填一词

Extreme Amazon(亚马孙之最)

Twenty percent of all the water that goes into oceans around the world comes from one river—the Amazon.

The Amazon River begins in the Andes Mountains in Peru. It travels about 6000 kilometers to the Atlantic Ocean. It is the largest river in the world. It is also the second longest. Most of the Amazon's water comes from rain. During the rainy season, parts of the river are 190 kilometers wide.

The Amazon River goes through the world's largest rain forest. The Amazon rain forest is home to the highest number of plant and animal species(种类) on Earth. There are 2.5 million kinds of insects, such as the world's largest ant. At least 3,000 kinds, of fish, live there, and one-fifth of all the bird species in the world. Some of the Amazon's animals are dangerous, such as the anaconda, the largest snake in the world. But there are also gentle animals, like the sloth and the pink dolphin. 

The Amazon is very important to Earth. There are still many kinds of animals and plants there that we don't know about. If we lose the Amazon, we will lose a big part of life on Earth.

29. ___________

30. ___________

31. ___________

32. ___________

【答案与解析】

【文章大意】

本文介绍了亚马孙之最：亚马孙河是世界最大的河流，也是世界第二长河，它流经世界上最大的雨林——亚马孙雨林。亚马孙雨林有世界上最多的动物和植物。

29. second

【解析】根据“It is the largest river in the world. It is also the second longest.”可知，亚马孙河是世界最大的河流，也是世界第二长河。故填second。

30. largest   

【解析】根据“The Amazon River goes through the world's largest rain forest.”可知，亚马孙河流经世界上最大的雨林，故填largest。

31. Home

【解析】根据“The Amazon rain forest is home to the highest number of plant and animal species(种类) on Earth.”可知，亚马孙雨林是地球上最多的植物和动物的家园。故填Home。

 32. Animals

【解析】根据“Some of the Amazon's animals are dangerous, such as the anaconda, the largest snake in the world.”可知，此处介绍生活在亚马孙雨林的动物。故填Animals。

Passage 7（•浙江省金华市）

阅读下面短文, 根据所给信息, 完成组织结构图, 每空不得超过三个词。

Good readers often use a flowchart（流程图）or webs(网状图）to have better picture of what they read (see the drawing on the right).

A flowchart is used to put events in a certain order. Webs show a main idea and supporting details(细节).       

Now try to be a good reader and finish the following TWO tasks.

Task 1: Read Passage l and complete the flowchart.

Task 2: Read Passage2 and complete the webs.

56. ①________

57. ②________

58. ③________

59. ④________

60. ⑤________

【答案与解析】

【文章大意】文章一讲述我和鲍勃的一天；文章二讲述学生对于做作业不同的态度。

56. went shopping  

【解析】根据“In the morning, we went shopping but we bought nothing.”可知，早上我们去购物了。故填went shopping。

57. played computer games   

【解析】根据“Then we played computer games at home.”可知，然后我们在家里玩电脑游戏。故填played computer games。

58. agree 

【解析】分析表格并结合文章内容可知，此处表示“赞同”做作业的观点，与disagree构成对比。故填agree。

59. look after themselves

【解析】根据“Some students think it’s good for them to learn to look after themselves.”可知，一些学生认为学会照顾自己对他们有好处。故填look after themselves。

60. save

【解析】根据“They think they should save time on housework for learning their lessons.”可知，他们认为他们应该在家务上节省时间来学习功课。故填save。

Passage 8（•浙江省温州市）

A few months ago I was nominated for Governor of the great state of New York, to run against Stewart L. Woodford and John T. Hoffman. I really felt dirty to run against them for all their shameful crimes that were reported on newspapers. However, as a candidate, I had no choice.

The next morning, as I was looking listlessly over the papers at breakfast, I came across this paragraph:

PERJURY- Mr. Mark Twain, a candidate for Governor, was convicted of perjury by thirty-four people, in Wakawak, in 1863. He intended to rob a poor woman of her land, her only stay and support after her husband died. For Mr. Twain himself, as well as the public, he needs to clear this matter up. Will he do it?

What a lie! I never had heard of Wakawak!

During the rest of the time, I got a title "the Infamous Perjurer Twain" on this paper.

Next came "Gazette", with this:

WANTED TO KNOW -When Mr. Twain was in Montana, his workmates lost small valuables from time to time, until at last, these things having all been found on Mr. Twain's person or in his suitcase. Will he explain this to his fellow-citizens?

I got a new title, "Twain, the Montana Thief". But I never was in Montana in my life.

Then another newspaper article:

DELIRIUM TREMENSTWAIN-Mark Twain, who was to make a speech at the mass meeting of the Independents last night, didn't come to time! He argued that he had been knocked down by a runaway team and his leg broken in two places. But a certain man who was very drunk was seen to reel into Mr. Twain's hotel last night. It is his duty to prove that this person was not Mark Twain himself WHO WAS THAT MAN?

I did not drink!

In the following weeks, I got more titles like "Delirium Tremens", "Body-Snatcher", "Filthy Corruptionist ", etc. Then one morning:

Mr. Mark Twain still maintains SILENCE. He dare not speak. Dare he open his mouth to explain?

Before I could reply, more dirty charges poured up on me. One day they even taught nine little children of all shades of colour to rush on to the platform at a public meeting and call me Pa (father)!

I gave up. I sent them a letter to state that I gave up, and in bitterness of spirit I signed it, "Truly yours, Once a decent man but now MARKTWAIN, IP. , M. T., D. T. , B. S. and FC. "

37. In the story, __________ people were running for Governor.

A. Three B. Four C. Five D. Six

38. Which of the following is TRUE about Mr. Twain according to his story?

A. He got punished for stealing in Montana.

B. He kept silent to the charges against him.

C. He was often too drunk to attend meetings.

D. He accepted the titles from the newspapers.

39. Who could be the person making Mr. Twain dirty?

A. The persons who wanted to beat him.

B. The poor who wanted their land back.

C. The women who had children with him.

D. The reporters who helped him make news.

40. Why did Mr. Twain finally decide to give up running for Governor? (请用约40词回答)

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【文章大意】文中Mr. Twain 在竞选美国纽约州州长过程中，不断地受到不实指控、抹黑。他感到震惊、愤怒和不齿。他对此感到极度失望, 最后他放弃了竞选。

37.A【解析】细节理解题。根据“A few months ago I was nominated for Governor of the great state of New York, to run against Stewart L. Woodford and John T. Hoffman.”可知，马克吐温和Stewart L. Woodford以及John T. Hoffman二人竞争，所以一共有三人。故选A。

38.B【解析】推理判断题。A：他在蒙大拿州因偷窃而受到惩罚。根据“But I never was in Montana in my life.”可知，他从来没去过蒙大拿州，该项表述错误；B：他对对他的指控保持沉默。根据“Mr. Mark Twain still maintains SILENCE.”可知，马克吐温对他人的指控保持沉默，该项表述正确；C：他经常喝得酩酊大醉，不能参加会议。根据“I did not drink!”可知，他不喝酒，该项表述错误；D：他接受了报纸给他的称呼。根据“I gave up. I sent them a letter to state that I gave up, and in bitterness of spirit I signed it”可知，马克吐温最终放弃了，没有接受报纸给他的称呼，该项表述错误。故选B。

39.A 【解析】推理判断题。根据“I really felt dirty to run against them for all their shameful crimes that were reported on newspapers.”和“Before I could reply, more dirty charges poured up on me.”可知，马克吐温的竞争者做出过不齿的行为，他不屑与其竞争，但是后来越来越多莫须有的指控接踵而来，所以推测应该是其他两位竞争者为了打败他而造的谣。故选A。

40. While he was running for Governor, many articles on newspapers poured untrue charges on him and some shameful things happened to him. He felt surprised, angry, dirty and disappointed, and finally decided to give up running for Governor. (38词）

【解析】分析文章内容可知，马克吐温在竞选州长的时候，报纸上的许多文章对他进行了不实的指控，编造了一些可耻的事放在他身上。他感到惊讶、愤怒、肮脏和失望，最后决定放弃竞选州长。故填While he was running for Governor, many articles on newspapers poured untrue charges on him and some shameful things happened to him. He felt surprised, angry, dirty and disappointed, and finally decided to give up running for Governor. (38词）