2023年广东省汕头市中考一模英语试题（含解析）

这是一份2023年广东省汕头市中考一模英语试题（含解析），共21页。试卷主要包含了听录音选图片，听短对话选答案，听长对话选答案，听短文选答案，听短文填表，补全对话6选5，语法选择，完形填空等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2023年广东省汕头市中考一模英语试题（含听力）
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、听录音选图片
1．Who is Tom?
A． B． C．
2．What time did Amy get home after work yesterday?
A． B． C．
3．What can’t you do here?
A． B． C．
4．Which place is the speaker talking about?
A． B． C．
5．How does Jane relax herself after class?
A． B． C．

二、听短对话选答案
6．What was the man doing at eight last night?
A．Cleaning the kitchen. B．Doing the dishes. C．Taking a bath.
7．Where are they talking?
A．At school. B．In a restaurant. C．On the street.
8．When did the man eat ice-cream?
A．This morning. B．Last night. C．This afternoon.
9．How will the woman improve her English?
A．By taking notes. B．By taking online lessons. C．By reading the grammar book.
10．Which subject does the new teacher teach?
A．Music. B．History. C．Geography.

三、听长对话选答案
听对话，回答下列小题。
11．What did Jack use to be like?
A．Fat. B．Thin. C．Strong.
12．What does Jack keep doing every morning?
A．Swimming. B．Running. C．Jumping.

听对话，回答下列小题。
13．How soon will the speakers graduate?
A．In two weeks. B．In a month. C．In a week.
14．What does the girl think of Miss Green?
A．Funny but strict. B．Kind and patient. C．Kind and funny.
15．What’s the possible relationship between the two speakers?
A．Classmates. B．Teacher and student. C．Mother and son.


四、听短文选答案
请根据所听内容，在每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案。短文听两遍。
16．When did Kris climb the Great Wall?
A．This morning. B．Yesterday morning. C．Yesterday afternoon.
17．Where is Kris going tomorrow?
A．To the Summer Palace. B．To the Forbidden City. C．To Tian’anmen Square.
18．Why did Kris almost miss his plane?
A．He had a traffic accident. B．He forgot the time. C．He got caught in the traffic jam.
19．How did Kris go to the airport?
A．By bus. B．By car. C．By taxi.
20．Where is Kris probably from?
A．France. B．America. C．Japan.


五、听短文填表
你将听到的是一段有关乒乓球的介绍。请你根据所听内容填写下面的信息卡。短文听两遍。
The History of Ping-pongPopularity in China:
★Ping-pong is played by Chinese at school, at home or in the 21 .
Equipment:
★ 22 , two bats and a ping-pong ball.
Development:
★It was invented by some 23 in 1890.
★It became 24 in Europe in the 1950s.
★In 1959 Chinese player Rong Guotuan won the 25 ping-pong world championship.


六、补全对话6选5
请通读下面对话，根据对话内容，从下面的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项为多余选项。
A: Helen. Mom is not at home. 26
B: OK. 27
A: Chicken and rice.
B: I like them too. 28
A: Apples and pears.
B: 29
A: Then what does Dad like?
B: Oh, he likes bananas.
A: I see. 30
B: That sounds good.
A．But Dad doesn’t like pears.
B．Let’s think about the food for lunch.
C．What about the fruit?
D．Let’s have apples and bananas.
E．What do you like for lunch?
F．Let’s go swimming.


七、语法选择
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后按照句子结构的语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
My parents took me to Japan when I was little. I lived there for five years. 31 I came back, my Japanese was very good. “Can I do something useful with my Japanese?” I asked myself. Then, one day last spring, I got 32 good opportunity.
Everyone was afraid of SARS, so I stayed at home with 33 to do. My father bought me a Japanese book. “Why don’t you translate it into Chinese? It will be better than 34 computer games all day.”
I promised to do 2,000 words each day. But later I found it was hard to keep the promise. One day in May, the weather was beautiful. But I couldn’t go out. Those 2 000 words were still 35 me.
After translating only three pages, I already lost interest in the book.
I looked at it for a long time. But I couldn’t make myself turn the pages. 36 I wished I could just go outside and play football with my friends!
The words 37 by me again and again. I just wanted to give up.
I felt as if two people were fighting 38 my mind. One said, “Don’t give up! Keep working hard, and you’ll do well!” But then the other one said, “Go and play! It will be 39 than translating. Do your work tomorrow.”
I stood up and would turn off the computer.
But then I remembered 40 my parents had told me,“Whatever you do, don’t stop half way.” So I sat down and went on with it.
31．A．Because B．When C．Since
32．A．an B．the C．a
33．A．nothing B．something C．everything
34．A．be played B．playing C．played
35．A．waited for B．been waited for C．waiting for
36．A．What B．What a C．How
37．A．were counted B．counted C．are counted
38．A．in B．with C．about
39．A．the most interesting B．more interesting C．interesting
40．A．how B．where C．what


八、完形填空
Once there were two neighbors. One was a teacher and 41 was a cook. Both of them planted the same plants in their own gardens. The teacher gave 42 water to his plants and didn’t always give full attention to them. But the cook gave a lot of water to his plants and 43 them very well.
The cook’s plants grew much taller and greener than the teacher’s. After a heavy storm, they both came out to 44 for the damage of their gardens. The cook saw that his plants were uprooted. They were all 45 . But the teacher’s plants were not damaged at all and were standing firmly.
The cook was surprised to ask the teacher, “My plants were uprooted, 46 yours weren’t. How is that possible?” The teacher smiled, “You gave your plants so much water and attention that they didn’t need to work hard for 47 . You made it easy for them. While I gave them just a little water and let their roots search for more. Because of that, their roots went 48 and that made their position stronger. That is why my plants survived (幸存)”.
This story is about parenting. Children are like 49 . If everything is given to them, they will not work hard. Sometimes it’s best to 50 them instead of giving them everything. Teach them to walk, but let them follow their own paths.
41．A．other B．others C．another D．the other
42．A．much B．little C．a little D．lots of
43．A．looked up B．looked out C．looked after D．looked around
44．A．find B．ask C．help D．check
45．A．died B．destroyed C．moved D．disappeared
46．A．so B．when C．while D．because
47．A．us B．you C．they D．themselves
48．A．deeper B．lower C．higher D．narrower
49．A．water B．roots C．plants D．gardens
50．A．push B．guide C．receive D．understand


九、阅读单选

If you are 13-18 years old and want to improve your English by abroad, Nacel, a great organization, will help you enter high schools in the USA．
In order to succeed in completing the following exchange programs, you must have a high English language level, a strong ability to live far away from home and a great interest in experiencing a new culture. You will be able to choose from a short-time experience(a few weeks) to a school term or a school year.
International School Program
Besides offering common subjects of other high school, this program offers STEM subjects，giving students the chance to develop skills and knowledge in the areas of science, technology, engineering, and math. For international students，English lessons are available after school.
Private High School Program
We offer all private high schools across the country. You can choose any city you want to go. For the program, students will be required to have a good score in our English exam and to attend an interview performed by one of our program staff(工作人员).
Homestay Program
Live in an American family in the USA! The homestay program offers teenagers chances to experience the everyday life of a host family in the USA． Our wonderful hosts will help you to know the local community as soon as possible.
To find more information, please click Here or:
Phone: 001-651-315-7880                            Email: naceltravel@google.com
51．Nacel is _________.
A．a website B．an organization C．a program D．an American teacher
52．Who will probably attend the programs?
A．A French boy who can hardly speak English.
B．A Chinese girl who doesn’t want to leave home.
C．A German girl who is interested in American culture.
D．An American boy who is studying at a college in New York.
53．What is special about the International School Program?
A．Its STEM subjects. B．Its international students.
C．Its after-school clubs. D．Its common subjects of high school.
54．Which of the following is TRUE about the Homestay Program?
A．It requires students to have an interview.
B．It helps students get into any private high school.
C．It helps students know about Americans’ daily life.
D．Its staff will take students to know the local community.
55．This passage is _________.
A．to give advice on English learning
B．to introduce American education
C．to help students know about American culture
D．to get students to join the programs

Whales are the largest living organisms (生物) living on the surface of the earth. An adult blue whale weighs up to 173 tonnes with 30 meters in length. When a whale dies in the ocean, its body usually falls to the sea floor and a special deep-sea ecosystem will be formed in a long time. Scientists give a name to this: the whale fall.
Recently, some scientists on a Chinese research ship called Tansuo-1 found a whale fall at the depth of 1,600  meters in the South China Sea. Whale falls are seldom found by humans. This is the first time China has found this type of ecosystem. So far, less than 50 modem natural whale falls have been found by humans around the world.
The whale fall is really important to deep-sea animals, as it provides food for them. Usually, the whale fall goes through three stages. The first stage comes just after the whale dies. The body attracts lots of big sea animals such as shark and they come to eat the body. This stage lasts from months to years. At the second stage, smaller animals come for the whale’s bones and leftovers. This stage can last one or two years. Bacteria (细菌) play a role at the third stage. They break down what has been left. This stage can last as long as 100 years.
The whale fall found in the South China Sea is 3 meters long. It is still at the first stage. The scientists said it would take them a long time to study the whale fall because they knew it would help them understand the deep-sea ecosystem better.
56．When whales die in the ocean, most of their bodies usually ________.
A．are saved by scientists B．are found on the beach
C．float on the ocean surface D．sink to the bottom of the ocean
57．The Chinese meaning of the underlined word “ecosystem” is ________.
A．经济学 B．生态系统 C．电子信息 D．环保体系
58．The whale fall goes through the following stages, and the correct order is ________.
① Bacteria break down the rest of the whale.② Smaller animals eat the whale’s bones.
③ The whale dies in the ocean.④ Big sea animals eat the whale’s body.
A．③④①② B．④③①② C．③④②① D．④③②①
59．According to the passage, we know that ________.
A．an adult blue whale weighs up to 173 tons
B．some scientists found a whale fall in the South China Sea
C．at the first stage, smaller animals come for the whale’s bones
D．the whale fall found in the South China Sea is in the third stage
60．The best title for this passage maybe “________”.
A．The Whale Fall B．A Chinese Research
C．Whales in the Ocean D．The Deep-sea Ecosystem


十、阅读匹配
左栏是五位学生演讲中存在的困惑，右栏是解决困惑的建议。请为每个学生选择合适的建议。
61 Hello, I’m Jim. Should I speak in American English or British English? I always worry about my pronunciation.
62 Hi, my name is Paul. I don’t think I can talk fluently because it’s difficult for me to remember all the words.
63 I’m Amy. When I am talking, I can’t help waving my hands, for I think it can help me express what I want to say better. But my classmates say I look funny.
64 Hello, I’m Betty. I know that it’s not right to speak fast. But I am afraid that I can’t finish my talk in the given time if I speak slowly.
65 Hi, my name is Belly. When I come face to face with the audience, where should my eyes fall onto? Do I have to look straight ahead, or look around from time to time?
A．Looking at and talking to one person in the audience helps keep you natural, but it feels foolish talking to only one person. Speak to one person as long as 15 seconds and then change another one.
B．You should know you and most of the people you talk to are different in many ways. Some of them may not know what you are talking about. Then speak to them on their terms and in their languages.
C． When you talk, try to be as natural as possible. Don’t try to memorize your words or read or recite them to your audience. You can use short notes to help you remember the important points.
D．It’s true that there are some differences between American English and British English, but they’ll not cause much difficulty for listeners, so just speak the way you’re used to.
E. The audience may have a hard time understanding what they hear. They need your help. Slow down, pause (停顿) and guide the audience through your talk. Remember that you should help the audience understand what you are saying.
F. Making your voice a little lower than normal. Listeners like to listen to a relatively (相对) deep voice. It will make them feel comfortable.
G. Concentrate on what you want to say. If you are always paying attention to gestures, you will feel uncomfortable. Try to reduce some unnecessary gestures.


十一、短文语境提示填空
请用适当的词完成下面这篇短文，并把所缺单词填写在答题卡指定的位置上。每个空只能填写一个形式正确、意义相符的单词。
Leonardo da Vinci was a great talent. It is believed that he was born with creativity. He is regarded as one of the greatest 66 of all time. He is famous for the Mona Lisa and other well-known paintings.
67 , not many people know he was also an engineer and an inventor.
Da Vinci was 68 at science and art, and he was a pioneer in many areas. He drew plans and pictures and wrote about many new ideas in 69 diaries. People have studied these new ideas 70 he died on May 2nd, 1519. They included plans for bridges as well as drawings of musical instruments, flying machines and machines for war, 71 as guns. Hundreds of years later, some scientists managed to turn his drawings 72 real things. The plane is an example that one of his ideas has 73 true.
Some think Da Vinci wanted to keep his ideas a secret as he wrote his diary in code (密码). Others think it was just easier for him to write this way as he was left-handed. Either way, Da Vinci’s diaries 74 only be read with a mirror because everything is written backwards. As it 75 some time to translate the diaries, they came out more than 150 years after his death.


十二、读写综合
回答问题
请阅读下面这篇文章，根据所提供的信息，回答5个问题。要求所写答案语法正确，语义完整，并把答案写在答题卡指定的位置。
Table 1
Lu Lin, 16, a boy from Nujiang, Yunnan Province, has moved into a new apartment with his family. Seeing the great changes of his hometown, he can’t help recalling the past life.
Several years ago, Lu Lin’s family had to live a very hard lie. There was no electricity so he couldn’t watch TV and he knew little about the outside world. Because of the traffic blocking, his parents had to walk very far to buy necessities of life. They also carried water from a faraway steam. His parents couldn’t afford Lu Lin’s schooling. He even didn’t have enough food to cat and often felt hungry. The five members in his family had to live in a run-down room.
Nowadays, Lu Lin has a much better life. He can happily take the bus to school with his companions. He can know more about the outside world by watching TV. The wide roads have led to his house. He doesn’t need to worry about being hungry any more.
Thanks to the policy of “targeted poverty alleviation (精准扶贫)”, more than 800 million people under the International Poverty Line in China have been lifted out of poverty, reducing (减少) more than 70 percent of the global poverty population. “Shaking off poverty is not the end, but the new starting point for a new life and a new struggle.” President Xi said, “The people all over the country should work hard to push for higher-level development.”
76．Where does Lu Lin come from?

77．Why couldn’t Lu Lin watch TV several years ago?

78．How can Lu Lin know more about the outside world now?

79．How many people have been lifted out of poverty in China so far?

80．What should we do in the future according to the last paragraph?

81．书面表达
根据要求完成短文写作，请将作文写在答题卡指定的位置。
为了巩固国家脱贫攻坚的成果，珠海特区报的英文栏目编辑发起了“Hand in Hand”的志愿帮扶活动，号召大家继续帮助怒江学校的学生，假如你是李明，请你写一封e-mail给编辑，申请参加该项活动。
内容包括：
1、简要介绍你自己的特长；
2、介绍你曾参与志愿者活动的经历；
3、你打算如何帮助怒江学校的学生。（至少两方面）
1、不能照抄原文、不得在作文中出现学校和考生的真实信息；
2、语句通顺，语法正确，词数80个左右。开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
作文要求：
Dear Sir/Madam,
I am writing to apply for the “Hand in Hand” program.

Sincerely yours,
Li Ming


参考答案：
1．C
【原文】略
2．B
【原文】略
3．B
【原文】略
4．C
【原文】略
5．C
【原文】略
6．A
【原文】略
7．C
【原文】略
8．B
【原文】略
9．C
【原文】略
10．C
【原文】略
11．A 12．B

【原文】略
13．C 14．B 15．A

【原文】略
16．A 17．B 18．C 19．A 20．B

【原文】略
21．park 22．A table 23．Englishmen 24．popular 25．first

【原文】略
26．B 27．E 28．C 29．A 30．D

【导语】本文是一则对话，两人在谈论午餐的食物。
26．根据“Chicken and rice.”以及“Mom is not at home”可知妈妈不在家，要自己弄吃的，选项B“让我们考虑一下午餐的食物。”符合语境，故选B。
27．根据“ Chicken and rice”可知是问对方想吃什么，选项E“你午餐喜欢吃什么？”符合语境，故选E。
28．根据“Apples and pears.”可知此处是问关于水果的，选项C“水果呢？”符合语境，故选C。
29．根据“Then what does Dad like?”可知此处应介绍爸爸不喜欢的水果，选项A“但是爸爸不喜欢梨。”符合语境，故选A。
30．根据“Oh, he likes bananas.”可知爸爸喜欢香蕉，选项D“我们吃苹果和香蕉吧。”符合语境，故选D。

31．B 32．C 33．A 34．B 35．C 36．C 37．A 38．A 39．B 40．C

【导语】本文主要介绍了作者由于在日本生活过而精通日语，答应父亲翻译日语书籍为中文，却不能坚持而内心挣扎，最后战胜欲望继续下去。
31．句意：当我回来的时候，我的日语很好。
Because因为；When当……的时候；Since自从。根据“…I came back”可知，此处表示“当我回来的时候”，应用when引导时间状语从句。故选B。
32．句意：然后，去年春天的一天，我得到了一个好机会。
an不定冠词，修饰以元音音素开头的单词；the定冠词，表特指；a不定冠词，修饰以辅音音素开头的单词。根据“I got…good opportunity.”可知，此处表示泛指，应该填不定冠词a/an，good以辅音音素开头，不定冠词a符合题意。故选C。
33．句意：每个人都害怕非典，所以我待在家里无事可做。
nothing没有什么；something某事；everything每件事物。根据“Why don’t you translate it into Chinese”可知，作者的父亲建议把它翻译成中文，由此可知作者没有其他事情可做。故选A。
34．句意：这比整天玩电脑游戏要好。
be played被动语态；playing现在分词/动名词；played过去式。空前的than为介词，故此空用动名词作宾语。故选B。
35．句意：那2000字还在等着我。
waited for过去式；been waited for无法与空前的were连用；waiting for现在分词。根据“were”可知，此处用现在分词构成过去进行时。故选C。
36．句意：我真希望我能出去和我的朋友们踢足球！
What感叹句结构为What+形容词+不可数名词/可数名词复数+主语+谓语；What a+形容词+主语+谓语；How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语（在一定语境中，若语义明确，how后有时不出现形容词或副词可视为how修饰句中的动词）。根据“…I wished”可知，How符合题意。故选C。
37．句意：这些字我数了一遍又一遍。
were counted一般过去时的被动语态；counted过去式；are counted一般现在时的被动语态。主语The words与谓语count之间是被动关系，故应该用被动语态。根据“wanted”可知，此处是一般过去时，故应该是一般过去时的被动语态。故选A。
38．句意：我觉得好像有两个人在我的脑海里打架。
in在……里面；with和；about关于。根据“…my mind” 可知，应该表示“在脑海里”，介词in符合题意。故选A。
39．句意：这将比翻译更有趣。
the most interesting最有趣的（最高级）；more interesting更有趣的（比较级）；interesting有趣的。根据“than”可知，此处应该用比较级。故选B。
40．句意：但后来我想起了父母对我说的话。
how怎样；where哪里；what什么。remember后用what引导的宾语从句，what在从句中充当宾语。故选C。

41．D 42．C 43．C 44．D 45．B 46．C 47．D 48．A 49．C 50．B

【分析】本文主要内容：厨师和老师都在自家花园种了一些植物，厨师对他的植物万般呵护，而老师则偶尔给植物浇浇水而已；在一次暴雨过后，厨师家的植物都被连根拔起了，但是老师家的植物却完好无损；老师向厨师解释说是因为他把植物照顾太好使得它们都失去了自我生存的能力，于是就都倒了。这个故事告诉父母们一个道理：为了不让孩子成为“温室里的花朵”，父母们不需要事事都替孩子打点好，只需给他们指导就好。
41．句意：一位是老师，而另一位是厨师。
other其他的；others其他的（人或事物）；another（三者及以上的）另一个；the other（两者中的）另一个。根据上文“Once there were two neighbors. ”可知，本文中的邻居有两位，一位是老师，那（两者中的）另一位是厨师。故选D。
42．句意：老师给他的植物很少的水，并且不总是给予它们充分的注意。
much许多；little几乎没有；a little有一点；lots of许多。根据下文“But the cook gave a lot of water…”可知，厨师浇很多水，结合but表示转折含义可知老师应是浇很少的水，“a little”符合文意。故选C。
43．句意：但厨师给他的植物很多水，并照顾得很好。
looked up查阅；looked out小心；looked after照顾；looked around环顾四周。根据上文“... and didn’t always give full attention to them.”可知，老师不总是给予他的植物充分的注意，结合but表示转折含义可知厨师应是无微不至地照顾他的植物。故选C。
44．句意：一场暴风雨过后，他们都出来检查花园的损坏情况。
find发现；ask问；help帮助；check检查。暴风雨会对室外的东西造成严重的影响，所以暴风雨过后厨师和老师都会到花园看看他们种下的植物有没有倒下，也就是检查植物的情况。故选D。
45．句意：它们都被摧毁了。
died死；destroyed摧毁；moved移动；disappeared消失。根据上文“The cook saw that his plants were uprooted. ”可知，植物都被连根拔起了，也就是说它们都被暴风雨摧毁了。故选B。
46．句意：我的植物都被连根拔起了，然而你的却没有。
so所以；when当……时候；while然而；because因为。根据上文“They were all destroyed. But the teacher’s plants were not damaged…”可知，厨师家的植物都被摧毁了，但是老师家的植物却完好无损，所以此空应填表示转折关系的连词while。故选C。
47．句意：你给你的植物如此多的水和关心，他们不需要为自己努力工作。
us我们；you你们，你；they他们；themselves它们自己。根据语境可知，此从句中主语they指代的是厨师家的植物，而横线处和此从句的主语形成互指关系，所以此空应填反身代词，意为“它们不需要为它们自己努力工作”。故选D。
48．句意：正因为如此，它们的根更深了，它们的位置也更稳固了。
deeper更深的；lower更低的；higher更高的；narrower更窄的。根据“…that made their position stronger.”可知，植物的位置稳固应是植物深深地扎根在土壤上。故选A。
49．句意：孩子们就像植物一样。
water水；roots根；plants植物；gardens花园。上文内容着重在写厨师和老师家的植物受到不同的对待，得到不同的结果，由此可知本文升华主题时应是要把小孩比作植物。故选C。
50．句意：有时最好的方法是引导他们，而不是给予他们一切。
push推；guide指导；receive接收；understand理解。根据下文“ Teach them to walk, but let them follow their own paths.”可知，最后作者告诉我们只需教给孩子们如何走路就行了，剩下的路让孩子们自己走，由此可知最好的方式应是只教孩子们走路，也就是给只给他们指导。故选B。
51．B 52．C 53．A 54．C 55．D

【导语】本文主要介绍了可以帮助你进入美国高中的组织Nacel，以及该组织提供的三个项目。
51．细节理解题。根据“Nacel, a great organization,”可知，Nacel是一个组织。故选B。
52．推理判断题。根据“If you are 13-18 years old and want to improve your English by abroad, Nacel, a great organization, will help you enter high schools in the USA.”可推知，选项C“一个对美国文化感兴趣的德国女孩。”可能会参加这些项目。故选C。
53．细节理解题。根据“Besides offering common subjects of other high school, this program offers STEM subjects，giving students the chance to develop skills and knowledge in the areas of science, technology, engineering, and math.”可知，国际学校项目的特别之处是提供STEM科目。故选A。
54．细节理解题。根据“Live in an American family in the USA! The homestay program offers teenagers chances to experience the everyday life of a host family in the USA. Our wonderful hosts will help you to know the local community as soon as possible.”可知，该项目帮助学生了解美国人的日常生活。故选C。
55．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了可以帮助你进入美国高中的组织Nacel，以及该组织提供的三个项目，因此本文是让学生们加入这些项目。故选D。
56．D 57．B 58．C 59．B 60．A

【分析】本文是说明文，介绍了鲸落的相关知识。
56．细节理解题。根据第一段“When a whale dies in the ocean, its body usually falls to the sea floor and a special deep-sea ecosystem will be formed in a long time”，可知通常沉入海底，故选D。
57．词句猜测题。根据第三段“The whale fall is really important to deep-sea animals, as it provides food for them”，可知这里是说鲸鱼的坠落会形成一种特殊的深海生态系统，故选B。
58．细节理解题。根据第三段“Usually, the whale fall goes through three stages”及段中对三个阶段的描述，可知先是鲸鱼死在海里，然后大的海洋动物吃鲸鱼的身体，接下来再由较小的动物吃鲸鱼的骨头，最后细菌分解再鲸鱼的其余部分；所以③④②①顺序正确，故选C。
59．细节理解题。根据第二段“Recently, some scientists on a Chinese research ship called Tansuo-1 found a whale fall at the depth of 1,600 meters in the South China Sea”，可知选项some scientists found a whale fall in the South China Sea“一些科学家在中国南海发现了一头鲸鱼”说法正确，故选B。
60．最佳标题题。根据第一段“Scientists give a name to this: the whale fall”，结合文中科学家对鲸鱼坠落现象的解释，可知短文主要介绍了鲸落的知识；The Whale Fall符合文意，故选A。
61．D 62．C 63．G 64．E 65．A

【分析】文中是五位同学在演讲中的困惑及针对这些困惑的一些建议。
61．根据“Should I speak in American English or British English?”可知Jim想要知道要发美音还是英语，结合“It’s true that there are some differences between American English and British English ...”可知D项是针对这一困惑的建议。故选D。
62．根据“I don’t think I can talk fluently because it’s difficult for me to remember all the words.”可知Paul怕自己讲话不连贯，因为他记不住所有的单词，结合“Don’t try to memorize your words ...”可知C项是针对这一困惑的建议。故选C。
63．根据“When I am talking, I can’t help waving my hands”可知Amy在讲话中忍不住舞动双手，结合“Try to reduce some unnecessary gestures.”可知G项是针对这一困惑的建议。故选G。
64．根据“I know that it’s not right to speak fast.”可知Betty总是讲话很快，结合“Slow down, pause and guide the audience through your talk.”可知E项是针对这一困惑的建议。故选E。
65．根据“When I come face to face with the audience, where should my eyes fall onto?”可知Belly演讲的时候不知道眼睛往何处看，结合“Speak to one person as long as 15 seconds and then change another one.”可知A项是针对这一困惑的建议。故选A。

66．painters 67．However 68．good 69．his 70．since 71．such 72．into 73．come 74．can 75．took

【导语】本文主要介绍了达·芬奇的生平以及人们对他留下的遗物的研究。
66．句意：他被认为是有史以来最伟大的画家之一。根据“He is famous for the Mona Lisa and other well-known paintings”可知，他是伟大的画家，painter“画家”，one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词，表示“最……之一”，此空应填复数形式，故填painters。
67．句意：然而，没有多少人知道他还是一位工程师和发明家。“not many people know he was also an engineer and an inventor”与前文是转折关系，空格位于句首，且空格后有逗号隔开，应填副词however表示“然而”，故填However。
68．句意：达·芬奇擅长科学和艺术，他是许多领域的先驱。be good at“擅长”，固定搭配，故填good。
69．句意：他在日记中画了计划和图画，并写下了许多新想法。根据“in… diaries”可知，此处指在他的日记里，his“他的”，故填his。
70．句意：自1519年5月2日他去世以来，人们一直在研究这些新思想。主句是现在完成时，从句用一般过去时，用since引导时间状语从句，故填since。
71．句意：其中包括桥梁的设计图以及乐器、飞行器和枪支等战争机器的图纸。such as“例如”，固定搭配，故填such。
72．句意：几百年后，一些科学家设法把他的画变成了真实的东西。turn into“将……变成”，固定搭配，故填into。
73．句意：这架飞机就是他的一个想法实现的例子。come true“实现”，has与过去分词构成现在完成时结构，故填come。
74．句意：不管怎样，达·芬奇的日记只能用镜子看，因为一切都是倒着写的。根据“only be read with a mirror”可知，能用镜子看，故填can。
75．句意：由于翻译这些日记需要一些时间，所以这些日记是在他去世150多年后出版的。固定句式：It takes/took some time to do sth“花费时间去做某事”，根据came可知，此空应填动词过去式，故填took。
76．He comes/is from Nujiang, Yunnan Province. 77．Because there was no electricity. 78．He can know more about the outside world by watching TV now. 79．More than 800 million people have been lifted out of poverty. 80．We should work hard to push for higher-level development. 81．例文
Dear Sir/Madam,
I am writing to apply for the “Hand in Hand” program. First, I’d like to introduce myself to you. I’m Li Ming, an outgoing student from Guangming Middle School. I’m good at singing and English learning.
I had an experience as a volunteer. I distinctly remember that it was a cold Sunday. I went to help the children in the special school. I did sports, sang and danced with them the whole morning. Though I felt a little tired, it was very meaningful for me to know the living condition of the children.
If I have the chance to be one of your volunteers, I’ll try to offer the following helps to the students in Lu Lin’s school. Firstly, I’m going to teach them how to learn English well. Secondly, we can practice singing online. It must be very excited for us to sing together.
I eagerly hope I can join your program. I’m looking forward to receiving your reply soon!
Sincerely yours,
Li Ming

【导语】本文主要是陆林介绍了家乡的变化。
76．根据“Lu Lin, 16, a boy from Nujiang, Yunnan Province”可知，他来自云南省怒江，故填He comes/is from Nujiang, Yunnan Province.
77．根据“There was no electricity so he couldn’t watch TV”可知，因为没有电，所以不能看电视，故填Because there was no electricity.
78．根据“He can know more about the outside world by watching TV”可知，通过看电视更多地了解外面的世界，故填He can know more about the outside world by watching TV now.
79．根据“Thanks to the policy of “targeted poverty alleviation (精准扶贫)”, more than 800 million people under the International Poverty Line in China have been lifted out of poverty”可知，中国8亿多人成功脱贫，故填More than 800 million people have been lifted out of poverty.
80．根据“The people all over the country should work hard to push for higher-level development.”可知，全国人民要努力奋斗，推动更高水平的发展。故填We should work hard to push for higher-level development.
81．[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇电子邮件；
②时态：时态综合使用“一般过去时”和“一般现在时”；
③提示：写作要点已给出，要求根据提示内容，写邮件申请参加“Hand in Hand”的志愿帮扶活动，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，表明写作意图，介绍自己的意图和特长；
第二步，介绍自己参加志愿者活动的经历；
第三步，介绍帮助怒江学校学生的方法；
第四步，书写结语。
[亮点词汇]
①be good at擅长
②have the chance to do sth有机会做某事
③look forward to期待
[高分句型]
①Though I felt a little tired, it was very meaningful for me to know the living condition of the children.（Though引导的让步状语从句）
②If I have the chance to be one of your volunteers, I’ll try to offer the following helps to the students in Lu Lin’s school. （if引导的条件状语从句）