甘肃省武威市四校2023-2024学年高三英语上学期开学联考试题（Word版附解析）

这是一份甘肃省武威市四校2023-2024学年高三英语上学期开学联考试题（Word版附解析），共24页。试卷主要包含了本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，答题前，考生务必用直径0，本卷命题范围等内容，欢迎下载使用。

甘肃省2024届新高考备考模拟考试
英语试卷
考生注意：
1.本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
2.答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。
3.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。
4.本卷命题范围：高考范围。
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
When does the rainy season start?
A. In November. B. In February. C. In January.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: It’s January, and it’s been raining the whole month. How long does the rainy season last here?
M: About four months. It begins in early November and lasts until February.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How does the woman’s food taste?
A. Salty. B. Hot. C. Sweet.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: Can you pass me the salt and pepper, please? My food doesn’t taste very good. It has no taste. How’s yours?
W: It’s OK. It’s just a little hot.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Teacher and student. B. Father and daughter. C. School friends.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: What are you learning in school right now, Jennifer?
W: We’re learning to make sculptures, Dad! It’s amazing. I can now make a beautiful sculpture out of nothing.Next, we will learn how to take good pictures. Then we will learn how to draw.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Which room has the man finished decorating?
A. The living room. B. The kitchen. C. The bathroom.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Have you finished decorating your house yet?
M: No, I’ve only just finished the bathroom. It’s taken such a long time. I’ve still got the kitchen and the living room to do.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the woman probably do?
A. She’s an athlete. B. She’s a coach. C. She’s a doctor.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: What happened to you, young man? Why are you in the hospital?
M: I broke my leg while playing football at school My friend kicked me instead of the ball. It hurts a lot! I hope you can fix it.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

6. Where does Rita suggest going first?
A. A cinema. B. A restaurant. C. A café.
7. What does Rita think of the plan?
A. Exciting. B. Disappointing. C. Time-wasting.
【答案】6. B 7. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Will you go out with me this weekend, Rita? We can do anything you like.
W: I would love to, Sam! Can we go to dinner? I’ve always wanted to eat at the new restaurant in town.
M: Sure! Then we should go to a movie after dinner. I love going to the movies.
W: OK Then we could get coffee after the movie and talk about it if we’re not ready to go home. That sounds like an amazing night!
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

8. What does Annie want Clark to do?
A. Feed her dog. B. Clean her house. C. Water her plants.
9. When will Annie return home?
A. On Friday. B. On Thursday. C. On Monday.
【答案】8. C 9. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Hi, Clark. I need your help. I am traveling to Amsterdam for work next week, and I need someone to watch my apartment. Could you go there and water my plants and feed my cat? I would really appreciate it!
M: No problem, Annie. I’ll do it. When do you leave London and when will you return?
W: I am flying out of London Heathrow Airport on Monday and will arrive home on Friday. So I need you to visit the apartment from Tuesday through Thursday. I will pay you fifty dollars.
M: That sounds great! I will be there.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

10. What did the man do last night?
A. He did some exercise. B. He called the woman. C. He went to the races.
11. What will the woman probably do this weekend?
A. Ride a horse. B. Work on a farm. C. Attend a wedding.
12. What are the speakers mainly taking about?
A. A TV program. B. A sports meet. C. A trip abroad.
【答案】10. B 11. C 12. A
【解析】
【原文】M: What were you doing when I called you last night?
W: I was watching a TV program. It was about how people use horses for various purposes.
M: Oh, I love horses. I think they are very useful.
W: Yeah. People use them for sports and entertainment, and horse races take place in many countries.
M: What else can horses help people do? Did the program tell you about that?
W: Yes. The program also pointed out that horses are still used in some countries to do farm work.
M: Really? What a hard job! By the way, can you ride a horse?
W: Yes, I can, But I don’t ride regularly. How about you?
M: I can ride, too. Perhaps we can go horse riding together this weekend.
W: I’d love to, but John has invited me to his wedding. How about next weekend?
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

13. What were the kids doing in the pool?
A. Having a diving class. B. Performing first aid. C. Practising a board game.
14. Why did the woman jump in the pool?
A. To show her skill. B. To save a girl. C. To go for a swim.
15. Who called for an ambulance?
A. The instructor. B. The woman. C. A student.
16. What do we know about the girl?
A. She lost her memory forever.
B. She quarreled with her parents.
C. She forgot what had happened.
【答案】13. A 14. B 15. C 16. C
【解析】
【原文】M: I saw you on the news! You’re a hero! Come on, tell me all the details.
W: Well, I was watching the pool from my chair, like I always do. There was a group of kids taking diving lessons in the deep end.
M: Go on..
W: I guess one of the students hit their head on the diving board, because I saw that someone was sinking to the bottom of the pool.
M: So, what did you do next?
W: I jumped in the pool after their instructor jumped in and brought the kid back to the surface. It was a young girl, and she had swallowed a lot of water.
M: Wow. Did you give her mouth-to-mouth?
W: Of course. Then I told one of the kids to call for an ambulance.
M: Quick thinking!
W: The girl coughed the water up almost immediately, and just like that, it was over. We cleaned the wound and bandaged it up, and the emergency services arrived twenty minutes later.
M: How was she?
W: She had no memory of the past ten minutes. She wanted to go back in the pool. She didn’t even know why her parents were crying.
M: She must have been in shock.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

17. Why will the store be closed on Friday and Saturday?
A. To offer its staff time off. B. To prepare for a big sale. C. To upgrade the decoration.
18. How much can be saved on a piece of children’s clothing?
A. $10. B. $15. C. $50.
19. What does the speaker say about the sale?
A. It ends today. B. It lasts one week. C. It will start next week.
20. Who are the listeners?
A. Employees. B. Customers. C. Suppliers.
【答案】17. A 18. A 19. B 20. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Hello, shoppers! This is the store manager. I have some special announcements for the holidays. The store will close early every day this week, at five o’clock instead of eight o clock. We will also be closed all day on Friday and Saturday. We want our employees to be able to enjoy the holidays with their families. The good news is that we are having a huge sale all week! The regular price of all women’s and children’s clothes is decreased by ten dollars. The regular price of all men’s suits is decreased by fifty dollars. If you buy one pair of shoes, you will get another one for free. You should buy something today to use these sale prices. The sale won’t last long! It only happens this week. While you’re here, enjoy the music and stop by the store cafe for some coffee. Have fun shopping! And thank you for being our customers. Happy holidays!
第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Exploring Wildlife Conservation in Kenya
Day 1: Nairobi, Kenya
Arrive at the airport in Nairobi, where our staff will be on hand to drive you to the hotel. Enjoy the rest of the day at leisure.
Accommodation: Tamarind Tree Hotel
Day 2: Lewa Wildlife Conservancy
A charter flight (包机) brings us to Lewa Wildlife Conservancy, a 62,000-acre grassland on the north of Mount Kenya. Considered a model in the conservation field, this healthy wildlife habitat is home to a number of rare species, including the giraffe, the Grevy’s zebra, and African wild dogs. Lewa and the neighboring Borana Conservancy also harbor roughly 15 percent of Kenya’s entire rhino population.
Accommodation: Elewana Lewa Safari Camp
Day 3: Amboseli National Park
Fly by private charter to Amboseli National Park, where vast grasslands are irrigated by underground runoff streams from Mount Kilimanjaro. These landscapes provide a habitat for hundreds of elephants, making the park one of the best places in Africa to spot these large creatures. The travel begins on the drive to Tortilis Camp, set within view of Mount Kilimanjaro.
Accommodation: Tortilis Camp
Day 4: Masai Mara National Reserve
At first light, head out to track the animals that crossed the area during the night. This area has one of the highest concentrations of large predators (捕食性动物) in all of Africa. Then watch large groups of hippos in the Mara River and crocodiles sunbathing on the shore.
Accommodation: Kichwa Tembo Camp
21. On which day will you visit Lewa Wildlife Conservancy?
A. Day 1. B. Day 2. C. Day 3. D. Day 4.
22. Which is the best place to watch African elephants?
A. Tamarind Tree Hotel. B. Kichwa Tembo Camp.
C. Amboseli National Park. D. Borana Conservancy.
23. What is special about Masai Mara National Reserve?
A. It provides the best sunbath.
B. It features the Grevy’s zebra.
C. It is located near an airport.
D. It is home to large predators.
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了在肯尼亚游览野生动物保护区的行程安排。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Day 2: Lewa Wildlife Conservancy”（第二天：Lewa野生动物保护协会）可知，在行程的第二天，你将游览Lewa野生动物保护协会。故选B项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Day 3: Amboseli National Park一节“These landscapes provide a habitat for hundreds of elephants, making the park one of the best places in Africa to spot these large creatures.”（这些景观为数百头大象提供了栖息地，使该公园成为非洲发现这些大型生物的最佳地点之一。）可知，Amboseli National Park是非洲象的最佳观赏地。故选C项。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据Day 4: Masai Mara National Reserve一节“This area has one of the highest concentrations of large predators (捕食性动物) in all of Africa.”（这个地区是全非洲大型食肉动物最集中的地区之一。）可知，Masai Mara National Reserve的特殊之处在于此地是大型捕食动物的家园。故选D项。
B
I have always loved the Arthurian legend (传奇), as there is something quite special about King Arthur, and of course Merlin, my favourite character from the stories.
Death of an Empire is the second volume in MK Hume’s “Merlin” series which details Merlin’s life from birth. Merlin travels across the Roman Empire in search of his father, a voyage of discovery to understand just who he was. Eventually Merlin gets involved in the fight against the Hun’s invasion (入侵) of Europe at the Battle of the Catalaunian Plain.
Serving under the General Flavius Aetius, Merlin builds a reputation by saving the lives of thousands of soldiers. When he finally reaches Rome, he saves many more. But a far deadlier conflict between Emperor Valentinian and Senator Petronius Maximus is around the corner and Merlin must use all his strength to carry out his work.
If I had to choose just one word to describe this novel, there would be no other choice than “immersive (身临其境的)”. There has clearly been a serious amount of research carried out by the author. Combined with the descriptive prose and imaginative story, the book really does attract you from almost the very start. The story really does feel like you are a part of it as Merlin travels across the Roman Empire.
The author does a great job of mixing the rich history with established Arthurian legend. The battle scene is handled very effectively. The author employs a very effective form to show the main fight and this not only adds a degree of tension and a good level of excitement but almost makes you feel like you are right there hearing about what happened.
Death of an Empire is a very fine novel, a wonderfully rich tale and a rewarding story.
24. Why does Merlin travel across the Roman Empire?
A. To visit King Arthur. B. To enjoy a nice view.
C. To get a well-paid job. D. To find out his origin.
25. What can we learn about the novel?
A. It is a mixture of history and legend.
B. It features difficult language.
C. It speaks highly of an emperor.
D. It is a masterpiece of Merlin.
26. What does the underlined word “this” in paragraph 5 refer to?
A. An effective description. B. A long-running battle.
C. A wonderful feeling. D. A well-known legend.
27. What is the text?
A. A news report. B. A history story.
C. A book review. D. A science fiction.
【答案】24. D 25. A 26. A 27. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了MK Hume的作品Death of an Empire并对其作了简评。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Merlin travels across the Roman Empire in search of his father, a voyage of discovery to understand just who he was.”（Merlin穿越罗马帝国寻找他的父亲，这是一次发现之旅，目的是了解他到底是谁。）可知，Merlin游历罗马帝国是为了弄清自己的身世。故选D项。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中“The author does a great job of mixing the rich history with established Arthurian legend.”（作者在将丰富的历史与既定的亚瑟王传说相结合方面做得很好。）可知，这部小说融合了历史与传说。故选A项。
【26题详解】
词义猜测题。根据画线词前“The battle scene is handled very effectively. The author employs a very effective form to show the main fight.…”（战斗场景处理得非常有效。作者采用了一种非常有效的形式来呈现主要战斗……）由此可知，此处this指的是有效的描述。故选A项。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Death of an Empire is the second volume in MK Hume’s “Merlin” series which details Merlin’s life from birth.”（《帝国之死》是“Merlin”系列的第二卷，详细介绍了Merlin从出生开始的生活。）、第四段中“If I had to choose just one word to describe this novel, there would be no other choice than “immersive (身临其境的)”.”（如果让我选择一个词来形容这部小说，那只能是“身临其境”。）以及最后一段“Death of an Empire is a very fine novel, a wonderfully rich tale and a rewarding story.”（《帝国之死》是一部非常优秀的小说，一个非常丰富的故事，一个值得一读的故事。）可推断，本文为一篇书评类。故选C项。
C
As we all know, insects can be remarkably agile (灵活的) in flight. This is really hard to build into flying robots, but MIT Assistant Professor Kevin Yufeng Chen has developed an insect-sized drone (无人机) that approaches insects’ agility.
Typically, drones require wide open spaces. “If we look at most drones today, they’re usually quite big,” says Chen. “Most of their applications involve flying outdoors. The question is: Can you create an insect-sized drone that can move around in very crowded and complex spaces?”
According to Chen, he overcame many problems when building the drone. The insect-sized drone requires a fundamentally different construction from a larger one. The large drone is usually powered by a motor, but the motor loses efficiency as you shrink it. So, Chen says, “For an insect-sized drone, you need to look for alternatives.” The principal alternative until now has been employing a small, rigid actuator (执行器) built from new materials. Chen designed a more agile tiny drone using soft actuators instead of hard ones.
Each actuator can beat nearly 500 times per second and weighs just 0.6 gram, approximately the mass of a large bee. It gives the drone insect-like agility. “You can hit it when it’s flying, and it can recover,” says Chen. “It can also turn over in the air.” The drone looks a bit like a tiny cassette tape with wings, though Chen is also working on a new one shaped like a dragonfly.
Chen says his drone can be useful in industry and agriculture. It can perform machinery inspections to ensure safety and function. Its potential applications include completing search-and-rescue missions following a disaster. “All those things can be very difficult for existing large-scale drones,” Chen explains.
28. What can we know about the actuator designed by Chen?
A. It weighs about six grams.
B. It drives the insect-sized drone.
C. It loses efficiency too much.
D. It employs conventional materials.
29. Which word can best describe Chen’s work?
A. Easy. B. Costly. C. Fruitless. D. Challenging.
30. What does the last paragraph mainly tell us about the new drone?
A. Its safety standards. B. Its flying range.
C. Its possible applications. D. Its design principle.
31. Which is the most suitable title for the text?
A. An Insect-like Small Drone
B. The Future of Insect-sized Drones
C. How Drones Will Change the Agriculture
D. What Challenge Drone Development Faces
【答案】28. B 29. D 30. C 31. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了麻省理工学院助理教授Chen研发出一款像昆虫一样无人机。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“The large drone is usually powered by a motor, but the motor loses efficiency as you shrink it. So, Chen says, “For an insect-sized drone, you need to look for alternatives.” The principal alternative until now has been employing a small, rigid actuator (执行器) built from new materials. Chen designed a more agile tiny drone using soft actuators instead of hard ones.”（大型无人机通常由电机驱动，但当你缩小它时，电机就会失去效率。因此，Chen说：“对于昆虫大小的无人机，你需要寻找替代品。”到目前为止，主要的替代方案是使用一种由新材料制成的小型刚性执行器。Chen设计了一种更灵活的微型无人机，使用软驱动器而不是硬驱动器。）可知，关于Chen设计的执行器，我们知道它驱动昆虫大小的无人机。故选B项。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“According to Chen, he overcame many problems when building the drone. The insect-sized drone requires a fundamentally different construction from a larger one. The large drone is usually powered by a motor, but the motor loses efficiency as you shrink it.”（据Chen说，他在制造无人机时克服了许多问题。昆虫大小的无人机与大型无人机的结构完全不同。大型无人机通常由电机驱动，但当你缩小它时，电机就会失去效率。）可推断，Chen的研发工作很有挑战性。故选D项。
【30题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段中“Chen says his drone can be useful in industry and agriculture. It can perform machinery inspections to ensure safety and function. Its potential applications include completing search-and-rescue missions following a disaster.”（Chen说他的无人机在工业和农业上都很有用。它可以进行机械检查，以确保安全和功能。它的潜在应用包括完成灾难后的搜索和救援任务。）可知，最后一段主要介绍了“昆虫无人机”的预期应用情况。故选C项。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“This is really hard to build into flying robots, but MIT Assistant Professor Kevin Yufeng Chen has developed an insect-sized drone (无人机) that approaches insects’ agility.”（这真的很难植入飞行机器人中，但麻省理工学院助理教授Kevin Yufeng Chen已经开发出一种昆虫大小的无人机，接近昆虫的敏捷性。）可知，本文主要介绍了麻省理工学院助理教授Chen研发出一款像昆虫一样的小型无人机。故文章最适合的标题是“一种类似昆虫的小型无人机”。故选A项。
D
A new study finds that less than seven percent of the adult population in the US have what health experts consider good cardiometabolic (心脏代谢) health.
Using information on roughly 55,000 people over the age of 20, the results show just 6.8 percent of American adults reached optimal (最佳的) levels of health in 2018. Moreover, the study found American health has been in sharp decline over the last 20 years. In 1999, one in three adults had a healthy weight. By 2018, that number fell to just one in four Americans. At the same time, three in five people were free of diabetes in 1999. By 2018, however, more than six in ten adults had the condition!
“These numbers are striking. It’s deeply problematic that in the United States, fewer than 1 in 15 adults have optimal cardiometabolic health,” says Meghan O’Hearn, one of the researchers from Tufts University. “We need a complete overhaul (革新) of our healthcare system, food system, and living conditions, because this is a crisis for everyone.”
Instead of just looking for signs of disease, the team focused their study on the signs of good, moderate, and poor cardiometabolic health. “Disease is not the only problem,” O’Hearn explains. “We don’t just want to be free of disease. We want to achieve optimal health and well-being.”
Researchers also found large health gaps between US adults of different genders, ages, and education levels. Specifically, the study found Americans with less education were half as likely to be in peak cardiometabolic health.
O’Hearn adds, “Identifying these individuals and addressing their health conditions and lifestyle early is critical to reducing growing healthcare burdens. Its impacts on national healthcare spending and the financial health of the entire economy are enormous. And these conditions are largely preventable. We have the public health and clinical interventions and policies to be able to address these problems.”
32. What percentage of American adults had optimal cardiometabolic health in 2018?
A. Over 7 percent. B. Just 6.8 percent.
C. Around 33 percent. D. About 60 percent.
33. What does O’Hearn think of the results of the study?
A. They’re unreal. B. They’re acceptable.
C. They’re expected. D. They’re shocking.
34. What is the purpose of the team’s research?
A To find the big age gap. B. To help people keep fit.
C. To develop new drugs. D. To earn lots of profits.
35. What can we infer from O’Hearn’s words in the last paragraph?
A. Joint effort is needed to improve public health.
B. Economic growth affects personal health condition.
C. America saw a slow decrease in healthcare costs.
D. Rich people tend to suffer from health problems.
【答案】32. B 33. D 34. B 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。美国塔夫茨大学的一项研究表明，仅有不到7%的美国成年人心脏代谢健康状况良好。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。由文第二段首句“Using information on roughly 55,000 people over the age of 20, the results show just 6.8 percent of American adults reached optimal levels of health in 2018.”（使用大约5.5万名20岁以上人群的信息，结果显示，2018年只有6.8%的美国成年人达到了最佳状态的健康水平。）可知，只有6.8%的美国成年人达到了最佳状态的心脏代谢健康水平，故选B项。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。由文第三段首句““These numbers are striking. It’s deeply problematic that in the United States, fewer than 1 in 15 adults have optimal cardiometabolic health,” says Meghan O’Hearn, one of the researchers from Tufts University.”（塔夫茨大学的研究人员之一Meghan O'Hearn说：“这些数字令人震惊。在美国，只有不到1/15的成年人拥有最佳的心脏代谢健康，这是一个严重的问题。”。）可知，O’Hearn对研究结果表示震惊，故选D项。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。由文第四段末句“We don’t just want to be free of disease. We want to achieve optimal health and well-being.”（我们不仅仅想摆脱疾病。我们还想实现最佳的健康和福祉。）可知，该研究团队的目的是，帮助人们保持健康，故选B项。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。由文末段第一句“We have the public health and clinical interventions and policies to be able to address these problems.”（我们有公共卫生和临床干预措施和政策来解决这些问题。）可知，O'Hearn认为需要多方协作来提高公众健康水平，故选A项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It is so easy to just go home and shut your door without getting to know your neighbors. But being an active neighbor will turn your living place into a kinder and more caring neighborhood.
____36____. You don’t have to show up with a fresh apple pie or anything like that. It’s truly as simple as saying hello, introducing yourself and asking a few open-ended questions. But they are the first step to becoming a kind neighbor.
Then get out of your comfort zone and make efforts to know more about your neighbors. ____37____. And if you feel comfortable, let them know that you’re there to help, if they ever need another hand.
Another way to show your neighbors that you care is by making your small acts of kindness a regular practice. This can be cleaning up the litter or even cleaning up after the pets have made a mess on your block. ____38____, you can ask your partner or kids to pick a bunch of flowers from the garden to give your new neighbor. ____39____.
Remind yourself that being connected feels good and boosts your mood in the long run. If you take the first step, your small acts of kindness can encourage others to pay that kindness forward. ____40____. Challenging as they are, reaching out to your neighbors is worth the efforts.
A. Or if you have an amazing garden
B. Remember, every small gesture counts
C. If you want to be respected and cared by your neighbors
D. For example, ask for their names and learn what they do for work
E. Your attitudes towards your friends also set an example for your kids
F. It doesn’t take a lot of money or a generous gesture to be an active neighbor
G. In the end, more and more people in the neighborhood will feel much better
【答案】36. F 37. D 38. A 39. B 40. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了几个搞好邻里关系的金点子。
【36题详解】
空后说“You don’t have to show up with a fresh apple pie or anything like that. It’s truly as simple as saying hello, introducing yourself and asking a few open-ended questions.(你不需要带着新鲜的苹果派或类似的东西出现。这真的就像打个招呼，自我介绍，问几个开放式的问题一样简单。)”，说明要做好邻居不需要花太多钱，F选项“It doesn’t take a lot of money or a generous gesture to be an active neighbor(成为一个积极的邻居并不需要很多钱或慷慨的姿态)”说明了要当积极的邻居不需要花很多钱，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选F。
【37题详解】
空前说“Then get out of your comfort zone and make efforts to know more about your neighbors.(然后走出你的舒适区，努力多了解你的邻居。)”，说明要走出去和邻居交流，空后说“And if you feel comfortable, let them know that you’re there to help, if they ever need another hand.(如果你觉得舒服，让他们知道，如果他们需要帮助，你会在那里帮助他们。)”，说明要告诉邻居你可以为他们提供帮助，空格处应该也是关于跟邻居交流的，D选项“For example, ask for their names and learn what they do for work(例如，询问他们的名字，了解他们的工作)”说明了要跟邻居交流什么，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选D。
【38题详解】
空后说“you can ask your partner or kids to pick a bunch of flowers from the garden to give your new neighbor(你可以让你的伴侣或孩子从花园里摘一束花送给你的新邻居)”，要从花园里摘花送给邻居，前提是你要有花园，A选项“Or if you have an amazing garden(或者如果你有一个很棒的花园)”说明你如果有一个花园，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选A。
【39题详解】
本段主题句是“Another way to show your neighbors that you care is by making your small acts of kindness a regular practice.(另一种向邻居表达你关心的方式是把你的小善举作为一种经常的实践。)”，因此本段主要是关于做一些小事表示善意的，空前说“you can ask your partner or kids to pick a bunch of flowers from the garden to give your new neighbor(你可以让你的伴侣或孩子从花园里摘一束花送给你的新邻居)”，这也是关于为邻居做点小事表示善良的，空格处应该也会提到小小的礼貌或善意的举动，B选项“Remember, every small gesture counts(记住，每一个小举动都很重要)”再次强调小举动很重要，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选B。
【40题详解】
空前说“Remind yourself that being connected feels good and boosts your mood in the long run. If you take the first step, your small acts of kindness can encourage others to pay that kindness forward.(提醒自己，保持联系的感觉很好，从长远来看会改善你的情绪。如果你迈出了第一步，你的小善举可以鼓励别人把你的善举传递出去。)”，说明的是你的小善举会对他人带来的好处，G选项“In the end, more and more people in the neighborhood will feel much better(最终，附近越来越多的人会感觉好多了)”接着上文，进一步说明了你的善举对他人的积极的影响，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选G。
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In battling leukemia (白血病)，9-year-old Harper Harrell has devoted her days—in the hospital—to raising money for the V Foundation for cancer research. “I know it’s___41___, but it deserves my effort,” said Harrell.
After Harrell was diagnosed (诊断) with leukemia in October 2021，she started learning about the foundation which___42___cancer research. The foundation has already___43___nearly $290 million for cancer research nationwide. The foundation’s administrative costs are paid___44___by itself, which means 100% of donations go to cancer research.
Believing one small thing could change a lot, Harrell started to___45___some drawings in her notebook shortly after beginning treatment. One of them was a ribbon (丝带) with a “Peace out, cancer” message written below it. Harrell thought the___46___would be a great T-shirt for children facing a(n)___47___battle.
While Harrell was ___48___, her mother, Heather Hindin, found a way to bring her___49___to life. She____50____a T-shirt campaign online. The plan was to donate half of the income to the foundation while using the rest for her daughter’s medical expenses. They have____51____over $24,000 this year, which will specifically go to the foundation, after launching two T-shirt campaigns.
“There are all of these messages of____52____that people post when they order,” Hindin said. “They help so much with her____53____and keeping her positive." Harrell, who says she has always had a____54____for helping others, offered a simple piece of advice: “Try to help and assist where you can, and you will achieve something ____55____.”
41. A. risky B. lucky C. new D. hard
42. A. avoids B. attracts C. supports D. restricts
43. A. awarded B. wasted C. demanded D. missed
44. A. partly B. completely C. accidentally D. suddenly
45. A. make B. cover C. tear D. enjoy
46. A. word B. title C. design D. wish
47. A. original B. similar C. exact D. famous
48. A. under control B. at school C. in hospital D. on duty
49. A. dream B. body C. illness D. doctor
50. A. turned down B. put off C. handed over D. set up
51. A. collected B. refused C. invested D. borrowed
52. A. prediction B. encouragement C. hesitation D. embarrassment
53. A. notes B. roles C. scores D. spirits
54. A. sign B. passion C. view D. finish
55. A. harmless B. gentle C. familiar D. great
【答案】41. D 42. C 43. A 44. B 45. A 46. C 47. B 48. C 49. A 50. D 51. A 52. B 53. D 54. B 55. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了九岁的小女孩 Harper Harrell身患白血病，却和妈妈一起为那些有类似境遇的孩子们筹措善款，支持癌症研究工作的故事。
【41题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Harrell说：“我知道这很难，但这值得我努力。”。A. risky有风险的；B. lucky幸运的；C. new新的；D. hard困难的。根据上文“In battling leukemia (白血病)，9-year-old Harper Harrell has devoted her days—in the hospital—to raising money for the V Foundation for cancer research. (在与白血病的斗争中，9岁的Harper Harrell在医院里花了一天时间为V基金会癌症研究筹集资金。)”可知，自身患病，还想要为V基金会癌症研究筹集资金，这是一件很艰难的事情。故选D项。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：2021年10月，Harrell被诊断为白血病后，她开始了解支持癌症研究的基金会。A. avoids避免；B. attracts吸引；C. supports支持；D. restricts限制。根据上文“to raising money for the V Foundation for cancer research (为V基金会癌症研究筹集资金)”可知，这个基金会筹集资金是为了癌症研究，因此可知这个基金会支持癌症研究工作。故选C项。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：该基金会已经为全国癌症研究拨款近2.9亿美元。A. awarded奖励，给予；B. wasted浪费；C. demanded要求；D. missed思念。根据下文“The foundation’s administrative costs are paid completely by itself, which means 100% of donations go to cancer research. (该基金会的管理费用完全由其自身支付，这意味着100%的捐款将用于癌症研究。)”可知，这个基金会把筹集到的钱，给予全国各地的癌症研究机构，全部用于癌症研究。故选A项。
【44题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：该基金会的管理费用完全由其自身支付，这意味着100%的捐款将用于癌症研究。A. partly部分地；B. completely完全地；C. accidentally偶然地；D. suddenly突然。根据下文“which means 100% of donations go to cancer research (这意味着100%的捐款将用于癌症研究)”可知，该基金会全额用于癌症研究，故基金会本身的管理费完全由其自己承担，而非由捐款支付。故选B项。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Harrell相信一件小事会有很大的改变，在开始治疗后不久，她就开始在笔记本上画画。A. make制作，绘制；B. cover覆盖；C. tear撕；D. enjoy享受。根据下文“One of them was a ribbon (丝带) with a “Peace out, cancer” message written below it. (其中之一是一条丝带，下面写着“和平，癌症”的字样。)”可知，Harrell画了一些画。故选A项。
【46题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Harrell认为，对于面临类似战争的孩子来说，这种设计将是一件很棒的T恤。A. word单词；B. title标题；C. design设计；D. wish希望。根据上文“One of them was a ribbon (丝带) with a “Peace out, cancer” message written below it. (其中之一是一条丝带，下面写着“和平，癌症”的字样。)”可知，她自己画的画将用于T恤，因此图案和文字可以称之为她的设计。故选C项。
【47题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Harrell认为，对于面临类似战争的孩子来说，这种设计将是一件很棒的T恤。A. original最初的；B. similar相似的；C. exact精确的；D. famous著名的。根据上文“a great T-shirt for children (给孩子的很棒的T恤)”可知，这件T恤，包含抗癌内容，因此应该是给那些和Harrell一样需要和癌症作斗争的孩子，即和她面临一样的战争的孩子。故选B项。
【48题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：Harrell住院期间，她的母亲Heather Hindin找到了实现梦想的方法。A. under control处于控制之下；B. at school在上学；C. in hospital住院；D. on duty值班。根据上文“In battling leukemia (白血病)，9-year-old Harper Harrell has devoted her days—in the hospital—to raising money for the V Foundation for cancer research. (在与白血病的斗争中，9岁的Harper Harrell在医院里花了一天时间为V基金会癌症研究筹集资金。)”可知，Harrell在住院治病。故选C项。
【49题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Harrell住院期间，她的母亲Heather Hindin找到了实现梦想的方法。A. dream梦想；B. body身体；C. illness疾病；D. doctor医生。根据上文“Harrell thought the design would be a great T-shirt for children facing a(n) similar battle. (Harrell认为，对于面临类似战争的孩子来说，这种设计将是一件很棒的T恤。)”可知，Harrell有一个梦想，即把自己的画变成一件能帮助抗癌孩子的T恤，她的妈妈想要帮她实现梦想。故选A项。
【50题详解】
考查动词词组辨析。句意：她在网上发起了一场T恤运动。A. turned down关小；B. put off推迟；C. handed over交付；D. set up建立，安排。根据下文“after launching two T-shirt campaigns (发起两场T恤运动之后)”可知，Hindin在网上发起两次T恤运动，换言之，她安排筹划了这件事情。故选D项。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：发起了两次T恤运动后，他们今年已经筹集了超过24000美元，这笔钱将专门捐给基金会。A. collected收集；B. refused拒绝；C. invested投资；D. borrowed借。根据下文“over $24,000 (超过24000美元)”可知，这些钱是Hindin在网上发起两次T恤运动筹到的，即从捐款者那里收集到的。故选A项。
【52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“人们在下订时会发布所有这些鼓励信息，”Hindin说：“情绪方面，他们帮了她很多，让她保持积极。”A. prediction预测；B. encouragement鼓励；C. hesitation犹豫；D. embarrassment尴尬。根据下文“keeping her positive (让她保持积极)”可知，人们之所以能帮助Harrell保持积极，可能是因为他们在下单购买T恤时，也留下了许多鼓励的信息和话语。故选B项。
【53题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“人们在下订时会发布所有这些鼓励信息，”Hindin说：“情绪方面，他们帮了她很多，让她保持积极。”A. notes笔记；B. roles角色；C. scores分数；D. spirits情绪。根据下文“keeping her positive (让她保持积极)”可知，人们让Harrell保持积极，这是对她心情，情绪上的帮助。故选D项。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Harrell说，她一直热衷于帮助他人，她提出了一个简单的建议：“在你力所能及的地方，尽可能地帮助他人，你也会获得极好的东西。A. sign符号；B. passion激情；C. view观点；D. finish最后阶段。根据词语搭配“had a passion for (对…非常喜好)”可知，使用passion修饰Harrell很乐于助人，符合语境。故选B项。
【55题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Harrell说，她一直热衷于帮助他人，她提出了一个简单的建议：“在你力所能及的地方，尽可能地帮助他人，你也会获得极好的东西。A. harmless无害的；B. gentle温柔的；C. familiar相似的；D. great极好的。根据上文““There are all of these messages of encouragement that people post when they order,” Hindin said. “They help so much with her spirits and keeping her positive." (“人们在下订时会发布所有这些鼓励信息，”Hindin说：“情绪方面，他们帮了她很多，让她保持积极。”)”可知，帮助了别人的同时，Harrell也收获了很多鼓励，使她能保持积极，这是极好的。故选D项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Astronomers have published a major finding___56___(recent): A black hole has been releasing energy from a small star___57___was shredded (吞噬) in 2018, after two years in which it didn’t emit (发射) any such material.
“Super unusual,” said Yvette Cendes, an astronomer at Harvard. “We’ve never really seen this before to this degree.”
Researchers made the___58___ (discover) when they used a___59___ (power) radio telescope facility to check some two dozen black holes where stars had been shredded after ___60___(come) too close to them. Such happenings___61___(call) tidal disruption (潮汐破坏) events, or TDEs.
What they found was that one of the TDEs was emitting energy at an unusual speed___62___at a very surprising time: more than two years after the event.
This behavior is different from what has been observed in black holes before, in two ways. First, the timing: it’s more common___63___(see) radio emissions from black holes within the first few months after swallowing a star. And second, the energy emitted in this case doesn’t quite fit in___64___what astronomers have seen before.
In most cases of black holes swallowing stars, perhaps 99%, the outflow is lower in energy. And in 1% of cases, that outflow, at about half the speed of light, rarely____65____ (occur).
【答案】56. recently
57. which##that
58. discovery
59. powerful
60. coming 61. are called
62. and 63. to see
64. with 65. occurs
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。最新研究发现，黑洞在吞噬小恒星后会喷射出物质。
【56题详解】
考查副词。句意：天文学家最近发表了一项重要发现：一个黑洞一直从一颗小恒星释放能量，在它没有释放出任何此类物质两年之后，这颗小恒星在2018年被吞噬。此处修饰动词have published，应用副词，作状语。故填recently。
【57题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：天文学家最近发表了一项重要发现：一个黑洞一直从一颗小恒星释放能量，在它没有释放出任何此类物质两年之后，这颗小恒星在2018年被吞噬。此处是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词star，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which或that引导。故填which或that。
【58题详解】
考查名词。句意：研究人员在使用一个强大的射电望远镜设备检查二十几个黑洞时得出了这一发现，这些黑洞中的恒星在太靠近它们之后被吞噬了。根据句意和空前冠词the可知，此处应用名词discovery，作宾语。故填discovery。
【59题详解】
考查形容词。句意：研究人员在使用一个强大的射电望远镜设备检查二十几个黑洞时得出了这一发现，这些黑洞中的恒星在太靠近它们之后被吞噬了。此处修饰radio telescope facility“射电望远镜设备”，应用形容词powerful，作定语。故填powerful。
【60题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：研究人员在使用一个强大的射电望远镜设备检查二十几个黑洞时得出了这一发现，这些黑洞中的恒星在太靠近它们之后被吞噬了。此处作介词after的宾语，应用动名词。故填coming。
【61题详解】
考查动词语态。句意：这类事件被称为潮汐破坏事件或TDE。主语happenings“事件”和谓语动词call“把……说成”构成动宾关系，且此处叙述的是一般性事实，应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are called。
【62题详解】
考查连词。句意：他们发现的是其中一个TDE以异常的速度，在一个非常令人惊讶的时间散发能量：在该事件发生两年多后。分析句意可知，at an unusual speed“以异常的速度”和at a very surprising time“在一个非常令人惊讶的时间”为并列关系，需要用并列连词and连接。故填and。
【63题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：首先，时机：在吞噬恒星后的最初几个月内，黑洞发射的无线电更为常见。固定句型It’s+adj.+to do sth表示“做某事是怎么样的”，it是形式主语，不定式才真正的主语。故填to see。
【64题详解】
考查介词。句意：第二，在这种情况下发射的能量与天文学家以前看到的不太相符。固定搭配fit in with 表示“符合；与……一致”。故填with。
【65题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：在1%的情况下，以大约光速一半的速度流出的情况很少发生。根据句意可知，动词occur“发生”为谓语动词，此处叙述的是一般性事实，用一般现在时即可，主语是that outflow“流出”为概念，是不可数名词，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填occurs。
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
66. 上周末你参观了校学生会举办的“乡土中国(Rural China)”摄影展。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：
1.活动介绍；
2.个人感受。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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【答案】A long-expected photographic exhibition opened in the school hall last Sunday, which was organized by the Students’ Union. Themed Rural China, the exhibition showcased the distinctive culture and traditions of China’s rural areas, as well as significant changes in recent years, through these remarkable images taken by professional photographers. The event drew large crowds of students and teachers. They admired and praised each breathtaking photo.
The show delighted me because it not only offered the opportunity to gain insights into the amazing rural areas, but also inspired me to devote myself to our great country. In conclusion, it was a fantastic and rewarding visit.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生对于上周末参观校学生会举办的“乡土中国(Rural China)”摄影展一事，为校英文报写一篇报道。
【详解】1.词汇积累
吸引：draw→attract
展示：showcase→display
激励：inspire→motivate
总之：In conclusion→ In a word
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：The event drew large crowds of students and teachers. They admired and praised each breathtaking photo.
拓展句：The event drew large crowds of students and teachers, who admired and praised each breathtaking photo.
【点睛】【高分句型1】A long-expected photographic exhibition opened in the school hall last Sunday, which was organized by the Students’ Union.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】The show delighted me because it not only offered the opportunity to gain insights into the amazing rural areas, but also inspired me to devote myself to our great country.（运用了because引导的原因状语从句以及not only…but also…并列结构。）
第二节(满分25分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I came to know this unique individual in a very simple way. One afternoon, in the little town where I then lived, I was walking my dog when he began to behave strangely, rolling wildly on the ground.
While I was wondering what was the matter with him, I became aware that someone was walking by my side—a man of about 30, poorly dressed, collarless and hatless. A beggar, I thought, and was about to put my hand in my pocket. But the stranger smiled peacefully at me as though we were old friends. “He’s got a tick (扁虱), poor guy,” he said, pointing to my dog. “Come along. We’ll have it out.” There was such warm friendliness in his eyes that I took no offense at his familiarity. I followed him to a park bench and sat down beside him.
Strange to say, my Kaspar, who was usually wary (警惕的) of strangers, responded at once, and put his head on the man’s knee. Searching the dog’s coat with long and sensitive fingers, the stranger finally said “Aha!” and released Kaspar. “Here it is,” he laughed, holding something in the air. As the dog ran hurriedly, the stranger rose with a nod and walked on. His departure was so sudden that it did not occur to me until later that I should have thanked him.
At home, still considering the man s strange behaviour, I reported the adventure to our old cook. “Oh, that was Anton,” she remarked. “He’s got an eye for everything.” I asked what he did for a living. “Nothing,” she said, as if astonished by my question.
“Well,” I said. “Everyone has to have something to live on.”
“Not Anton,” she said. “Everyone is glad to give him whatever he wants. He doesn’t care about money. He doesn’t need it, either.” Well, this was strange.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I resolved to learn more about him.
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In later years I have often thought of Anton.
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【答案】I resolved to learn more about him. Soon I discovered that our cook had been right: Anton had no settled job. He just wandered about the town all day long—apparently aimlessly, but with watchful eyes that observed everything. He would notice the wood in a fence, and call on the owner to suggest that it ought to be painted...Usually he’d be asked to do the job—for everybody knew that there was no greed in his suggestions, but only sincere friendliness.
In later years I have often thought of Anton. Few people have given me so much spiritual help. Frequently when I have been worrying about stupid little money matters, I have thought of this man who lived calmly and confidently for the day, because he just did what he could do for others. And always I have thought that if everyone were to learn this secret of trust and confidence, there would be no police, no courts of law, no prisons and no money.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者通过一种特殊的方式认识了一个独特的邻居。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我决心更多地了解他。”以及第二段首句内容“在后来的岁月里，我常常想起安东。”可知，第一段可描写作者对Anton越来越了解。
②由第二段首句内容“在后来的岁月里，我常常想起安东。”可知，第二段可描写作者经常回忆起Anton的为人以及他对作者的影响。
2.续写线索：遛狗时，突然狗在地上疯狂地打滚——感到疑惑，不知道发生了什么——这时一个乞丐出现了，本想给他钱——乞丐却指着狗，说自己会帮忙——在他的帮助下，狗恢复了正常——从家中老厨子那儿得知了乞丐的身份——越来越了解乞丐，并深为其所打动
3.词汇激活
行为类
①注意：notice/observe
②建议：suggest/advise/recommend
③提供：give/offer
情绪类
①真诚的：sincere/genuine
②自信：confidently/with confidence
【点睛】【高分句型1】He would notice the wood in a fence, and call on the owner to suggest that it ought to be painted.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】Frequently when I have been worrying about stupid little money matters, I have thought of this man who lived calmly and confidently for the day, because he just did what he could do for others.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句、who引导的定语从句、because引导的原因状语从句和what引导的宾语从句）