2023年广东省中考英语真题（含解析）

这是一份2023年广东省中考英语真题（含解析），共21页。试卷主要包含了 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2023年广东省初中学业水平考试
英 语
本试卷共10页，81小题，满分120分。考试用时90分钟。
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的准考证号、姓名、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔在“考场号”和“座位号”栏相应位置填涂自己的考场号和座位号。将条形码粘贴在答题卡“条形码粘贴处”。
2. 作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。
3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
一、听说应用（本大题共30小题，每小题1分，共30分；A、B、C、D部分为听力理解，E部分为情景对话）
A. 听句子（本题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分）
请根据所听内容，选择符合题意的图画回答问题，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。每个句子听两遍。
1. What is the boy doing?

A B C
2. What’s the time now?

A B C
3. Who is Tom?

A B C
4. Where is the teapot?

A B C
5. How tall was Mary last year?

A B C
B. 听对话（本题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
请根据每段对话的内容回答问题，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。每段对话听两遍。
听第一段对话，回答第6小题。
6. How will John go to the museum tomorrow?
A. By bike. B. By bus. C. By car.
听第二段对话，回答第7小题
7. Which subject does Sam like best?
A. English. B. History. C. Geography.
听第三段对话，回答第8小题。
8. Why does Mandy like singing?
A. Because it makes her brave.
B. Because it makes her relaxed.
C. Because it makes her popular
听第四段对话，回答第9小题。
9. What does the woman order?
A. Lemon juice. B. Green tea. C. Apple juice.
听第五段对话，回答第10小题。
10. Where will Lisa go for holiday?
A. To the beach. B. To the lakeside. C. To the mountains.
听第六段对话，回答第11～12小题。
11. What is the relationship between the two speakers?
A. Husband and wife. B. Brother and sister. C. Mother and son.
12. What housework will the boy do today?
A. Tidying up his bedroom. B. Washing his clothes. C. Setting the table.
听第七段对话，回答第13～15小题。
13. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Gifts. B. Food. C. Gardening.
14. Who decides to buy flowers?
A. Ben. B. Kelly. C. Tony.
15. What may the boy prepare at last?
A. Books. B. Plants. C. Chocolates.
C. 听短文（本题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分）
请根据所听内容，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。短文听两遍。
16. How did Frank’s class feel when they got to the zoo?
A. Tired. B. Happy. C. Surprised.
17 What animals did Frank go to see first?
A. Bears. B. Tigers. C. Monkeys.
18. How was the weather when Frank was taking photos?
A. Rainy B. Sunny. C. Snowy.
19. What was Frank’s trouble?
A. He fell down. B. He got lost. C. He lost his camera.
20. Who helped Frank?
A. A visitor. B. A classmate C. A zookeeper.
D. 听填信息（本题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分）
你将听到一则烹饪比赛的通知。请根据所听内容填写下面的信息卡，并将答案写在答题卡对应题目的答题位置上。短文听两遍。
A Cooking Competition
Date Place: next 21 in the school dining hall
Things provided: vegetables, 22 , meat and other necessary things
Scoring standards: ● how good the dishes look, smell and taste
● how 23 the dishes are
Prize: a(n) 24 cooking lesson at a top restaurant
Reason to join in: to show your 25 and creativity

E. 情景对话（本题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分）
请通读下面对话，根据对话内容，从选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。选项中有一项为多余选项。

Jim: Hi, Sue. How’s your acting class going?
Sue: The teacher is great, but I’m not learning much.
Jim: ____1____
Sue: I can’t act as well as other students.
Jim: Hmm. Maybe you need more practice.
Sue: But I’ve already spent a lot of time on it. I just can’t do it well. ____2____
Jim: Well, before you give up, I suggest you ask the teacher for help.
Sue: ____3____
Jim: I see. Why not leave him a note to tell him about your problem?
Sue: ____4____ I’ll give it a try. Thanks a lot.
Jim: ____5____
A. But I’m afraid he is too busy these days.
B. I’m thinking of giving up.
C. You’re welcome.
D. Enjoy yourself.
E. Sounds good.
F. How’s that?
【答案】1. F 2. B 3. A 4. E 5. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是Jim和Sue的一段对话，主要是对Sue表演课遇到的问题给出建议。
【1题详解】
根据“The teacher is great, but I’m not learning much.”和“I can’t act as well as other students.”可知，此处是问对方表演课遇到的问题。选项F“这是怎么回事？”符合语境。故选F。
【2题详解】
根据“But I’ve already spent a lot of time on it. I just can’t do it well.”和“Well, before you give up, I suggest you ask the teacher for help.”可知，Sue觉得自己做不好，可推知是要放弃。选项B“我在考虑放弃。”符合语境。故选B。
【3题详解】
根据“before you give up, I suggest you ask the teacher for help.”和“I see. Why not leave him a note to tell him about your problem?”可知，此处内容和向老师求助相关。选项A“但恐怕他这几天太忙了。”符合语境。故选A。
【4题详解】
根据“Why not leave him a note to tell him about your problem?”可知，此处是对建议进行评价。选项E“听起来不错。”符合语境。故选E。
【5题详解】
根据“Thanks a lot.”可知，此处是对感谢进行回应。选项C“不客气。”符合语境。故选C。

二、语法选择（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。
David is a 15-year-old boy and he is crazy about space. He always wonders how space stations work. For him, a space camp is ____6____ than any other camp in the world.
At the age of seven, David had ____7____ first astronaut (宇航员) training experience. He and his parents ____8____ to a Family Space Camp. They had a taste of what it was like to travel ____9____ space. Everything was magical. ____10____ excited David was!
David has been to many space camps over the last eight years. Last month, he went to ____11____ new space camp. It had a lot of fun training programs, ____12____ he enjoyed all of them. There he was often asked ____13____ he liked space camps so much. “I feel like a real astronaut in the space camp, and I don’t even need ____14____ the earth,” he said.
These experiences have influenced his life. Now David ____15____ space science. He has made up his mind to be a space engineer in the future.
6. A. great B. greater C. the greatest
7. A. he B. him C. his
8. A. invited B. are invited C. were invited
9 A. on B. in C. for
10. A. How B. What C. What an
11. A. a B. an C. the
12. A. or B. but C. and
13. A. why B. when C. where
14. A. leave B. leaving C. to leave
15. A. study B. is studying C. was studying
【答案】6. B 7. C 8. C 9. B 10. A 11. A 12. C 13. A 14. C 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文讲述了15岁男孩大卫对太空营以及空间科学的热爱。
【6题详解】
句意：对他来说，太空营比世界上任何其他野营都好。
great极好的，形容词原级；greater比较级；the greatest最高级。根据“than any other camp”可知，than前用比较级。故选B。
【7题详解】
句意：七岁时，大卫有了他的第一次宇航员训练经历。
he他，人称代词主格；him他，人称代词宾格；his他的，形容词性/名词性物主代词。修饰名词“experience”用形容词性物主代词，表示“他的”经历。故选C。
【8题详解】
句意：他和他的父母被邀请参加一个家庭太空营。
invited邀请，过去式/过去分词；are invited一般现在时的被动语态；were invited一般过去时的被动语态。根据“At the age of seven”可知，时态为一般过去时，他和父母是被邀请去参加太空营的，用被动语态。故选C。
【9题详解】
句意：他们尝到了在太空旅行的滋味。
on在……上；in在……里面；for为了。(travel) in space“在太空（旅行）”，固定短语。故选B。
【10题详解】
句意：大卫多么激动啊！
How多么，修饰形容词/副词；What多么，修饰名词；What an多么，修饰可数名词单数。感叹句中心词是形容词“excited”，用how引导。故选A。
【11题详解】
句意：上个月，他去了一个新的太空营。
a一个，后接辅音音素开头的词；an一个，后接元音音素开头的词；the这/那个，特指。泛指一个新的太空营，且new以辅音音素开头，用a。故选A。
【12题详解】
句意：那里有很多有趣的训练项目，他很喜欢。
or或者；but但是；and和，并且。前后句是顺承关系，用and连接。故选C。
【13题详解】
句意：在那里，他经常被问到为什么他如此喜欢太空营。
why为什么；when什么时候；where在哪里。根据“I feel like a real astronaut in the space camp”可知，人们问他为什么喜欢太空营。故选A。
【14题详解】
句意：在太空营里，我感觉自己就像一个真正的宇航员，我甚至不需要离开地球。
leave离开，动词原形；leaving现在分词/动名词；to leave动词不定式。根据“don’t”可知，此处need是实义动词，后接动词不定式作宾语。故选C。
【15题详解】
句意：现在大卫正在学习空间科学。
study学习，动词原形；is studying现在进行时；was studying过去进行时。根据“Now”可知，表示现阶段他正在学习空间科学，用现在进行时。故选B。
三、完形填空（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每小题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。
Little Dora always wanted a sister. So when Mum told her she would have one in six months, she felt very ____16____. But Dora had to be away for some time. She had promised to stay with her grandparents till autumn came.
“How can I make ____17____ go faster? I can’t wait to see the ____18____.” Dora said to herself while she was sitting in her grandparents’ yard one day. She had a good ____19____ when she saw the apple tree in the yard. She decided to ____20____ a picture of the tree each day. As Grandpa said, by the time she saw red apples on the tree, she would have a sister!
Dora’s first picture was a tree full of green leaves. Day by day, the weather got cooler. The leaves slowly ____21____ their colour and tiny apples appeared among them.
____22____, Dora drew her last picture of the tree. It had a lot of red apples. Now it was time to return home. When she entered the house, Mum and Dad were ____23____ her on the sofa. Each of them was ____24____ a baby in their arms.
“Now you have a sister and a brother!” Dad said. “Wow, I’m the ____25____ sister in the world!” Dora said happily. “Look! Their faces are as round as red apples. They are so cute.”
16. A. rich B. afraid C. nervous D. cheerful
17. A. air B. time C. light D. water
18. A. yard B. tree C. baby D. apple
19. A. job B. idea C. life D. trip
20. A. buy B. take C. draw D. borrow
21. A. shared B. found C. passed D. changed
22. A. Finally B. Really C. Usually D. Suddenly
23. A. waiting for B. laughing at C. looking after D. learning from
24. A. hiding B. training C. walking D. holding
25. A. funniest B. smallest C. luckiest D. prettiest
【答案】16. D 17. B 18. C 19. B 20. C 21. D 22. A 23. A 24. D 25. C
【解析】
【导语】本文讲述了朵拉在等待妈妈生产的时候，用画苹果树来打发时间，最后见到弟弟妹妹非常开心。
【16题详解】
句意：所以当妈妈告诉她六个月后就要生孩子时，她感到非常高兴。
rich富有的；afraid害怕的；nervous紧张的；cheerful高兴的。根据“Little Dora always wanted a sister.”可知朵拉是很开心的。故选D。
【17题详解】
句意：“我怎样才能让时间过得更快？”
air空气；time时间；light光；water水。根据“I can’t wait to see”可知等不及，因此想时间过得快点。故选B。
【18题详解】
句意：我等不及要见到宝宝了。”
yard院子；tree树；baby宝宝；apple苹果。根据“I can’t wait to see the...”可知是等不及看到小宝宝。故选C。
【19题详解】
句意：当她看到院子里的那棵苹果树时，她有了一个好主意。
job工作；idea主意；life生命；trip旅行。根据“She decided to...a picture of the tree each day.”可知画苹果树是朵拉想出的好主意。故选B。
【20题详解】
句意：她决定每天画一幅树的画。
buy买；take拿；draw画画；borrow借。根据“Dora drew her last picture of the tree.”可知朵拉决定画树的画。故选C。
【21题详解】
句意：树叶慢慢地改变了颜色，小苹果出现在其中。
shared分享；found发现；passed通过；changed改变。根据“The leaves slowly...their colour”和常识可知天冷了，树叶会改变颜色。故选D。
【22题详解】
句意：最后，朵拉画了最后一幅树的画。
Finally最后；Really真地；Usually通常；Suddenly突然。根据“Dora drew her last picture of the tree.”可知是指最后朵拉画完最后一幅画。故选A。
【23题详解】
句意：她进屋时，爸爸妈妈正坐在沙发上等她。
waiting for等待；laughing at嘲笑；looking after照顾；learning from向……学习。根据“When she entered the house, Mum and Dad were...her on the sofa.”可知爸妈坐沙发上是等着朵拉。故选A。
【24题详解】
句意：他们每个人怀里都抱着一个婴儿。
hiding躲藏；training训练；walking步行；holding握着，抱着。根据“a baby in their arms.”可知是抱着婴儿。hold sb in one’s arms“把某人抱在怀里”。故选D。
【25题详解】
句意：“哇，我是世界上最幸运的姐姐！”朵拉高兴地说。
funniest最滑稽的；smallest最小的；luckiest最幸运地；prettiest最漂亮地。根据“Dora said happily.”可知朵拉很开心，是因为觉得有弟弟妹妹是很幸运的。故选C。
四、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分）
请阅读A、B两篇短文，从每小题所给的四个选项中选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。
A
When it’s hot outside and we have to go out, surely we want to keep cool. We can put on hats, wear light clothing, or stay at a cool place. However, nothing can beat a good fan. Now I’ll show you how to make a good DIY (Do It Yourself) paper fan.

What to prepare
Please prepare two pieces of paper. All paper will work, but your DIY fan can be used for a long time with quality (优质的) paper.
Then get glue, two sticks, etc.
How to make a DIY fan
The first step is to draw pictures on the paper. Just draw anything you like. The next step is to fold up (折叠) the paper. Then glue the two pieces of folded paper together. After that, paint the sticks. The final step is to glue the sticks onto the folded paper. And everything is done.
If you look at your watch, you will be surprised: it takes less than 15 minutes to make a good paper fan. Then you can fold it up and drop it in your bag. When you are out in the heat next time, just take it out and enjoy the gentle wind.

26. Which is the best way to keep cool according to paragraph 1?
A. Putting on hats. B. Using a good fan.
C. Wearing light clothing. D. Staying at a cool place.
27. Why is quality paper a good choice to make a fan?
A. It is light. B. It is colorful.
C. It lasts long. D. It looks beautiful.
28. What is the second step of making a paper fan?
A. Painting the sticks.
B. Drawing pictures on the paper.
C. Folding up the paper.
D. Gluing the sticks onto the folded paper.
29. From the last paragraph, we can tell that making a paper fan is ________.
A. quick B. difficult C. boring D. strange
30. What is the purpose of this passage?
A. To sell paper fans. B. To show how to save time.
C. To share a fun story. D. To teach how to make paper fans.
【答案】26. B 27. C 28. C 29. A 30. D
【解析】
【导语】本文介绍了纸扇可以保持凉爽，以及制作纸扇的步骤。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据“We can put on hats, wear light clothing, or stay at a cool place. However, nothing can beat a good fan.”可知天热想保持凉爽的最佳方式就是使用一把好扇子。故选B。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据“All paper will work, but your DIY fan can be used for a long time with quality (优质) paper.”可知是因为可以长时间使用。故选C。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The next step is to fold up (折叠) the paper.”可知第二个步骤是把纸折叠起来。故选C。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据“If you look at your watch, you will be surprised: it takes less than 15 minutes to make a good paper fan.(如果你看看你的手表，你会感到惊讶:制作一个好的纸扇只需要不到15分钟。)”可推知制作纸扇是非常快的。故选A。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。本文介绍了纸扇可以保持凉爽，以及制作纸扇的步骤，即教我们如何制作纸扇。故选D。
B
Some animals can easily find their way home after a long journey. How do they make it? Scientific research shows that they are born with certain unusual abilities for direction.
A certain kind of ants, for example, can count their steps to avoid getting lost. They can go as far as 110 metres and bring food home. These ants live in the open desert (沙漠), so they have nothing to guide them along the way. It’s like someone walking six kilometres through a dark forest.
Some fish have an unbelievable sense of smell. They can smell even a single drop of their home water in a large sea area. Some sea birds have a similar ability. They are able to make a smell map of their flying area.
Some animals can sense the earth’s magnetic field (磁场), while humans can’t. This magnetic field guides a certain kind of fish when they swim a long way to a place and then back. How can this kind of fish do that? It is still a mystery. Scientists have no good answers yet.
However, animals with such unusual abilities still have difficulty dealing with environmental changes caused by human activities. For example, many birds depend on stars for direction, but they get lost easily at night when city lights are kept on all night. To solve this problem, we can simply turn off some lights at night. Clearly, one small act of humans may mean a lot to animals.
31. Where is this passage most probably from?
A. A storybook. B. An art magazine.
C. A guidebook. D. A science magazine.
32. How can a certain kind of ants find their way?
A. By imagining the way. B. By counting their steps.
C. By bringing food together D. By walking through a forest.
33. What does the underlined word “mystery” in paragraph 4 probably mean?
A. Secret. B. Choice. C. Reason. D. Feeling.
34. What are people advised to do according to the last paragraph?
A. To help animals. B. To travel at night.
C. To keep city lights on. D. To develop unusual abilities.
35. Which can be the best title for the passage?
A. Birds’ Sense of Light B. Fish’s Sense of Smell
C. Animals’ Sense of Direction D. Animals’ Sense of Magnetic Field
【答案】31. D 32. B 33. A 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文介绍了动物天生就具有某些不寻常的方向感。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。本文是围绕“动物的方向感”展开，可以在科学杂志上看到。故选D。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据“A certain kind of ants, for example, can count their steps to avoid getting lost.”可知一些蚂蚁可以通过数步数来避免迷路。故选B。
【33题详解】
词句猜测题。根据“It is still a mystery. Scientists have no good answers yet.”可知科学家还没有答案，因此可推知划线部分“mystery”与A选项“秘密”意思相近。故选A。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据“However, animals with such unusual abilities still have difficulty dealing with environmental changes caused by human activities...Clearly, one small act of humans may mean a lot to animals.”可知本段说明人类的一个小举动可能对动物意义重大，因此是建议人们要帮助动物。故选A。
【35题详解】
最佳标题题。本文介绍了动物天生就具有某些不寻常的方向感，“动物的方向感”为最佳标题。故填C。
C
配对阅读。左栏是五位学生的困惑，右栏是七则建议，请将困惑和建议进行匹配，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。
___36___ My mum didn’t agree to buy another model racing car for me. She said it would be a waste of money. I am angry with her.
___37___ I want a pair of basketball shoes for my training. But I don’t want to ask my parents for money.
___38___ I get as much pocket money as my sister each month. But my money runs out much more quickly than hers.
___39___ I think I can spend all my lucky money. But my father doesn’t allow me to.
___40___ My mum wants me to do the weekly shopping for our family. But I don’t know how to spend money wisely.
A. You can make a shopping list first. And you may go to different supermarkets to compare prices before you make a decision.
B. You should understand your mum. A model car is not a must. Parents know more about the value of money as they work hard to support the family.
C. Write down your daily spending of the pocket money in a notebook. This may help you avoid unnecessary spending.
D. You can learn numbers first. For example, you can count coins and banknotes with your parents.
E. Maybe you can have a yard sale to get money for your shoes. There must be things you don’t need any more like old toys or magazines.
F. I agree with your father. You can keep part of your lucky money in a bank instead of using it up. This can help you save money for the future.
G. You can invite someone working in a bank to your club to give a talk. In this way, you can know more about how banks work.

【答案】36. B 37. E
38. C 39. F
40. A
【解析】
【导语】本文左栏是五位学生的困惑，右栏是七则建议。
【36题详解】
根据“My mum didn’t agree to buy another model racing car for me. She said it would be a waste of money. I am angry with her”可知，因为妈妈不同意买另外一辆赛车模型而感到生气，B选项“你应该理解你妈妈。模型车不是必须的。当父母努力工作养家时，他们更了解钱的价值”符合，故选B。
【37题详解】
根据“I want a pair of basketball shoes for my training”可知，想买一双训练穿的篮球鞋，E选项“也许你可以去跳蚤市场买你的鞋子。一定有你不再需要的东西，比如旧玩具或杂志”符合，故选E。
【38题详解】
根据“I get as much pocket money as my sister each month. But my money runs out much more quickly than hers”可知，我的零花钱比妹妹的花得快，C选项“把你每天的零花钱花在笔记本上。这可以帮助你避免不必要的支出”符合，故选C。
【39题详解】
根据“I think I can spend all my lucky money. But my father doesn’t allow me to”可知，想花压岁钱，但是爸爸不同意，F选项“我同意你父亲的看法。你可以把一部分压岁钱存入银行，而不是用完。这可以帮助你为未来省钱”符合，故选F。
【40题详解】
根据“My mum wants me to do the weekly shopping for our family. But I don’t know how to spend money wisely”可知，不知道如何明智地花钱，A选项“你可以先列一个购物清单。在你做决定之前，你可能会去不同的超市比较价格”符合，故选A。
请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。请将答案写在答题卡对应题目的答题位置上。
it either be because what else by invent clean popular habit hundred
There is a small thing we use every day. We usually put ____41____ in the bathroom. Without it, we might have tooth problems. Can you guess ____42____ it is? Yes, it’s the toothbrush. But do you know anything about its history?
According to some research, before toothbrushes appeared, the ancient Chinese people ____43____ their teeth with some small tree branches (树枝). About 800 years ago, people made a kind of brushes with pig hair and bamboo. It might ____44____ the world’s earliest form of toothbrushes. As time went ____45____, the forms of toothbrushes changed. For example, people chose horse-tail hair instead of pig hair ____46____ pig hair was too hard. Imagine that you travel back to ____47____ of years ago and brush your teeth comfortably. It sounds fantastic, doesn’t it?
Around the 15th century, the Chinese toothbrush found its way into Europe. It became ____48____ among local people soon. The ____49____ of toothbrushes was not as famous as that of paper-making, but it was very useful in daily life. Today we have a good ____50____ of brushing teeth. We should thank the ancient Chinese for it.
【答案】41. it 42. what
43. cleaned
44. be 45. by
46. because
47. hundreds
48. popular
49. invention
50. habit
【解析】
【导语】本文介绍了牙刷的历史和功能。
41题详解】
句意：我们通常把它放在浴室里。指代前文“a small thing”，需用代词it。故填it。
【42题详解】
句意：你能猜出它是什么吗？根据“Can you guess...it is?”可知是询问猜出它是什么。what“什么”。故填what。
【43题详解】
句意：根据一些研究，在牙刷出现之前，中国古人用一些小树枝清洁牙齿。根据“before toothbrushes appeared, the ancient Chinese people...their teeth...”可知没有牙刷，古人会用树枝清洁牙齿。clean the teeth表示“清理牙齿”；句子是一般过去时，动词需用过去式。故填cleaned。
【44题详解】
句意：这可能是世界上最早的牙刷。此处是系表结构，情态动词might后跟be动词原形。故填be。
【45题详解】
句意：随着时间的推移，牙刷的形状也发生了变化。As time went by“随着时间的流逝”。故填by。
【46题详解】
句意：例如，人们选择马尾毛而不是猪毛，因为猪毛太硬了。前后句之间是因果关系，前果后因，用because表示“因为”。故填because。
【47题详解】
句意：想象一下，你回到几百年前，舒舒服服地刷牙。根据“About 800 years ago”可知此处是hundreds of短语，表示“数以百计的”。故填hundreds。
【48题详解】
句意：它开始流行起来。根据“It became...among local people soon.”可知空处需填入形容词作表语，popular“受欢迎的”符合语境。故填popular。
【49题详解】
句意：牙刷的发明不像造纸术那样出名，但在日常生活中非常有用。根据“The...of toothbrushes”可知是指牙刷的发明。invention“发明”。故填invention。
【50题详解】
句意：今天我们养成了刷牙的好习惯。根据“Today we have a good...of brushing teeth.”可知刷牙是好习惯。have a good habit of“有一个……好习惯”。故填habit。
六、读写综合（本大题分为A、B两部分，共25分）
A. 回答问题（本题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）
请阅读下面短文，根据所提供的信息，回答5个问题。要求所写答案语法正确、语义完整切题，并将答案写在答题卡对应题目的答题位置上。
Dreams may make you smart. This was discovered by scientists who do research on dreams.
What is a dream exactly? Scientists explain that during sleep time your brain reviews your experiences in the day. It tries to connect your new experiences with the old memories (记忆). As your brain connects things, it turns them into a story, and then you get a dream.
Dreams may help you deal with worries and fears. What has happened during the day may be painful. While you are sleeping, however, the brain will replay the painful memories in a safe dream space. There the bad memories become less painful. And you will feel better after waking up.
Dreams also seem to be able to help you learn. This idea is supported by a study. So scientists advise you not to stay up all night studying, especially when an exam is coming. They say a sweet dream might help you get higher marks.
Dreams may make you more creative, too. It was reported that a famous songwriter came up with his best song in a dream, and wrote it down as soon as he woke up. However, dreams alone can’t bring about creativity. In fact, the songwriter spent a lot of time thinking about the song before the dream. In a word, hard work matters more for creativity, though dreams also have a role to play.


51. Who discovered that dreams may make you smart?
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
52. When does the brain review your experiences in the day?
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
53. Where does the brain replay the painful memories?
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
54. What might help you get higher marks according to the passage?
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
55. Which matters more for creativity, hard work or dreams?
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
B. 书面表达
请根据要求完成短文写作，并将写作内容写在答题卡对应题目的答题位置上。
56. 假设你叫李明，你打算向某学生英文网站投稿，分享你做过的一个有趣的梦。请你根据以下思维导图内容提示用英文写一篇短文。

注意：
（1）可在思维导图内容提示的基础上适当拓展信息。
（2）不能照抄原文：不得在作文中出现真实校名、地名和考生的真实姓名。
（3）语句连贯，词数80左右。作文的标题和开头已经给出，不计入总词数，也不必抄写在答题卡上。
An Interesting Dream
By Li Ming
I have an interesting dream to share with you. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【答案】51. Scientists who do research on dreams (discovered it).
52. During sleep time.
53. In a safe dream space.
54. A sweet dream.
55. Hard work.
56. 例文
An Interesting Dream
By Li Ming
I have an interesting dream to share with you. In my dream, I became a scientist. The reason why I had this dream may be because I participated in Science Week activities. It had a positive impact on me, as it made me more interested in science.
In my dream, I was conducting experiments in a laboratory and discovering new things that could help improve the world. Although it was just a dream, it has inspired me to pursue a career in science and make a difference in the world. I am grateful for the Science Week event for sparking my interest in this field.
【解析】
【导语】本文介绍了梦是什么，并介绍了梦的功能。
【51题详解】
根据“This was discovered by scientists who do research on dreams.”可知这个结论是研究梦的科学家发现的。故填Scientists who do research on dreams (discovered it).
【52题详解】
根据“Scientists explain that during sleep time your brain reviews your experiences in the day.”可知是在睡眠期间，大脑会回顾一天的经历。故填During sleep time.
【53题详解】
根据“While you are sleeping, however, the brain will replay the painful memories in a safe dream space.”可知大脑会在一个安全的梦境空间里回放痛苦的记忆。故填In a safe dream space.
【54题详解】
根据“They say a sweet dream might help you get higher marks.”可知一个甜蜜的梦会帮助你得到高分。故填A sweet dream.
【55题详解】
根据“In a word, hard work matters more for creativity, though dreams also have a role to play.”可知努力工作对于创造力更重要。故填Hard work.
【56题详解】
[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇说明文，为材料作文；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”和“一般过去时”；
③提示：根据所给提示完成写作，不能遗漏信息，以第一人称为主。
[写作步骤]
第一步，承接开头，介绍自己的梦境；
第二步，具体阐述做梦的可能原因；
第三步，最后介绍这个梦对自己积极的影响。
[亮点词汇]
①participate in参与
②have a positive impact on对……有积极的影响
③inspire sb to do激励某人做某事
[高分句型]
①In my dream, I was conducting experiments in a laboratory and discovering new things that could help improve the world.（定语从句）
②Although it was just a dream, it has inspired me to pursue a career in science and make a difference in the world.（让步状语从句）