2024版新教材高考英语全程一轮总复习课时作业12Unit3Conservation北师大版选择性必修第一册

这是一份2024版新教材高考英语全程一轮总复习课时作业12Unit3Conservation北师大版选择性必修第一册，共6页。
I enjy thrwing stuff away. I'd lve t g full minimalism (简约风格), but my wife and tw teenage kids d nt share my dream f a huse with almst nthing in it. I have tried. When the kids were little, I taught them my tw favrite games—“D We Need It？” and “Put It in Its Place”—and made them play every few mnths. Their enthusiasm never matched mine.
If I'm ging t be hnest, my wn tidying skills are nt as great as I'd like. My “discarded” pile is never quite the trash muntain I want because I make up excuses fr why things are useful. I cnsider this unhealthy. I want t be better at mving n.
S, this time I find help—the classics fr peple like me: The Life­Changing Magic f Tidying Up, by Marie Knd. Knd's cmmitment t her craft is astnishing. Her philsphy is nly t keep things yu lve. Can I g full Knd? I will try. One central idea is t clean by categry. Yu start by cllecting all clthes and gathering them tgether fr cnsideratin. It makes yu rethink hw yu rganize. Next, hld each item and ask if it brings yu jy. This way yu're chsing what t keep. And that's hw I find myself with all my clthes n my bedrm flr. My wife walks by and gives me a lk that says I'm a nut. She's prbably nt wrng.
Smewhere near the bttm f this chas is my special jacket. I mve thrugh the pile: pants, shirts, suits and shes. Then my last categry: jackets. I haven't wrn the thing in abut 30 years. Smehw, it has survived. Nw that I'm striving t fllw Knd—surely, its time has cme?
I hld it in my hand. There is a tear just belw the cllar that widens as I hld it. It's literally falling apart. Will I ever wear it again? Nt a chance. Des it feel gd t wear? Des it bring me jy? Actually, yes. At this mment, my daughter walks in. She asks abut the jacket. I tell her the stry. She thinks I shuld keep it. It's cl and unique and full f memries. She is arguing that nstalgia (怀旧) is the very reasn.
I'm nt entirely cnvinced by my daughter's arguments. I believe in lking ahead, nt backward. Nevertheless, smetimes it's hard t let g. S I gently place the jacket n the “keep” pile.
1．What des the underlined wrd “discarded” prbably mean in Paragraph 2?
A．Adjusted. B．Reserved.
C．Abandned. D．Tidied.
2．What drives the authr t read The Life­Changing Magic f Tidying Up?
A．T learn hw t categrize stuff.
B．T imprve his tidying skills.
C．T persuade his family members.
D．T develp passin fr minimalism.
3．What is the attitude f the authr's family members tward minimalism?
A．They dn't understand it.
B．They cmpletely supprt it.
C．They are strngly ppsed t it.
D．They are less passinate abut it.
4．What's the best title fr the text?
A．Knwing When t Let G
B．Classifying What Yu Lve
C．Thrwing Wrn­ut Clthes
D．Keeping Valuable Pssessins
B
[2023·广东省六校第一次联考]
Every year thusands f peple cme t the city f Pamplna, in nrth­eastern Spain, fr the pprtunity t run fr their lives as six fighting bulls are released t charge thrugh the twn. There are injuries and deaths every year, but the event is f interest t many peple. A paper just published in Science describes the insight the event ffers int the psychlgy f panicked crwds.
That is a useful tpic t explre. Architects, civil engineers and urban planners must try t wrk ut hw peple will behave in the event f a disaster like a fire, a fld r a terrrist attack s they can design their creatins t avid ptentially deadly cllisins (碰撞). Unfrtunately, slid infrmatin is hard t cme by. Daniel Parisi, the paper's lead authr, realized that the Pamplna bull running ffered the perfect natural experiment.
Dr Parisi and his team went t tw different rftp lcatins in Pamplna in July 2019, and filmed the runners as the animals were released. Later in the lab, they calculated the speed f the runners, the density (密度) f the crwd, the prbability f a runner tripping and falling and the relatinship between runner­grup density and speed.
Perhaps unsurprisingly, the researchers fund that runners picked up speed when the bulls drew near. Less expected was the finding that the speed f individual runners increased with the density f the crwd, which was cntrary t a lng­held assumptin in architectural and urban­design circles that peple will slw their pace as grup density ges up, in rder t lwer the risk f a cllisin, which culd lead t a fall and, perhaps, injury r death.
Yet it seems that, in the heat f the mment, peple pay little attentin t the danger f clliding with each ther, and d nt slw dwn. The respnsibility therefre falls upn urban designers t wrk ut hw best t plan the cnstructin f future tunnels, bridges and ther passages that restrict flw. The nly ptin may well be t make them brad enugh.
5．What did Dr Parisi and his team d in Pamplna?
A．They recrded bull running.
B．They prved their thery.
C．They watched a thrilling bullfight.
D．They designed a psychlgical experiment.
6．What was the unexpected finding in the study?
A．Peple slwed dwn in crwded areas.
B．Cllisins psed a danger t bull­runners.
C．Bulls cming near made peple run faster.
D．Peple tended t speed up in high­density crwds.
7．What is implied in the last paragraph?
A．Peple lse their mind in disasters.
B．Future tunnels and bridges may be wider.
C．Panicked crwds are aware f the danger f cllisins.
D．Restricting flw helps t prevent peple clliding with each ther.
8．Which is the best title fr the text?
A．Hw the Crwds React t Panic
B．Bull Running Catches n in Spain
C．Dr Parisi's Finding Shcks the Wrld
D.What Architects Can Learn frm Bull Running
[答题区]
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
[2023·安徽五校联盟第二次质检]
Sme peple lve the traditin f setting a gal n each Jan.1st. __1__ But there is actually a lgic t jining the New Year's reslutin trend. If yu want t increase yur chances f sticking t yur 2022 New Year's reslutin, behaviral scientists have discvered a few techniques that can help.
·Make it measurable.
An unclear, ill­defined target, such as “get fitter”， is a reasn fr a failed reslutin. T increase yur chances f success, ask yurself what yu cnsider “fitter” and hw yu can achieve this. A better slutin might be “run 5 km in X minutes”. __2__ Specific gals allw yu t track prgress, which in turn can mtivate yu.
·Make it fun.
If yu get pleasure frm yur wrkuts r study sessins, research has fund yu'll carry n lnger. __3__ Cnsider, fr example, nly letting yurself drink a mcha latte during study sessins.Then there is an attractin t get yu t the library.
·__4__
Ensuring yu'll face sme punishment if yu dn't achieve yur New Year's reslutin can wrk wnders. One easy way t d this is by telling a few peple abut yur gal s yu'll feel ashamed if they check back later and find yu haven't fllwed thrugh.
·Get a little help frm yur friends.
Spending time arund high achievers can prmte yur wn perfrmance. If yur reslutin is t run a marathn, yu'd be wise t start hanging arund with friends wh've made it t the finishing line and can shw yu hw it's dne. __5__ Because yu'll tend t learn their patterns f behavir.
A．Cnsider a punishment.
B．Figure ut yur reslutin list.
C．Yu're extra mtivated t set yur gals.
D．Yu'll pick up a bit just by spending time tgether.
E．Yu culd even add deadlines fr reaching certain imprtant stages.
F．Others argue it's a waste f time since mst reslutins fail by mid­March.
G．One way t make ging fr a gal mre fun is t cmbine it with a pleasure.
[答题区]
1．________ 2.________ 3.________
4．________ 5.________
Ⅲ.语法填空
[2023·南京市高三年级学情调研]
It was the Dragn Bat Festival. Shiny white tents lined the waterfrnt, 1.________ (prvide) shade and refreshments fr dragn bat paddlers (桨手) frm all ver Califrnia, 2.________ gathered arund the Castaic Lake fr a festive cmpetitin.
Giggling kids raced cheerfully alng the lakeside beach, 3.________ their parents enjying the shady picnic areas under the trees alng the shre. “It's a great day ut，” said Paul Lin, c­funder f Castaic's wn Dragn Eyes team.
Dragn bat racing has been ging n fr thusands f years in China, 4.________ (initial) in hnr f the Chinese water r dragn deity (神) in an effrt t call dwn rain 5.________ avid misfrtune and disaster.
In the race, a drummer 6.________ (use) a large traditinal wden drum t keep the paddlers n the beat, while a steersman in the back keeps them in their lane.
Lin said a friend gt him 7.________ (invlve) in dragn bat racing ver a decade ag. In 2018，they 8.________ (decide) t hst their wn festival. “There's smething really special t be learned frm ur dragn bat mtt: One Bat, One Beat，” he said. “Paddlers cme frm all walks f life and that kind f 9.________ (clse) with peple is nwhere else t be seen.”
“We really want t help expand awareness and grw the sprt，” Lin said. “We're hping ne day it'll becme 10.________ Olympic sprt.”
[答题区]
1．________ 2.________ 3.________
4．________ 5.________ 6.________
7．________ 8.________ 9.________
10．________
课时作业(十二)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
语篇类型：记叙文 主题语境：人与自我——生活与学习——极简主义者的难题
【语篇解读】 作者喜欢极简主义风格。为了提高整理技巧，作者去读了The Life­Changing Magic f Tidying Up一书。但是在整理过程中作者遇到了让自己难以取舍的物品——夹克衫，最终作者决定将它放在“保留”堆里。
1．答案与解析：C 理解词汇。根据画线词前的“If I'm ging I'd like”可知，作者承认自己的整理技巧不是很好；再结合画线词后的内容可知，画线词意为“丢弃的”。故选C。
2．答案与解析：B 理解具体信息。明题意：本题问的是“是什么促使作者读了The Life­Changing Magic f Tidying Up一书？”→寻线索：根据第二段中的“I want t be better at mving n”和第三段中的“S, this things yu lve”可知，提高作者的整理技巧是作者读这本书的原因；→定答案：A项“为了学习如何给东西分类”；B项“为了提高他的整理技巧”；C项“为了说服他的家人”；D项“为了激发对简约风格的热情”。故B项正确。
3．答案与解析：D 推断。通读第一段可知，虽然作者喜欢扔掉东西，喜欢简约风格，但作者的妻子和两个孩子却不怎么喜欢这样的风格。由此可推知，他们对于简约风格的热情比不上作者。故选D。
4．答案与解析：A 理解文章主旨要义。根据全文内容尤其是最后一段中的“I believe ‘keep’ pile”可知，作者一直坚持极简主义风格，但是在整理过程中也遇到了让自己难以取舍的物品，所以本文围绕“在收纳过程中知道什么时候放手”的主题展开。故A项最适合作文章标题。
B
语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与社会——研究发现——研究奔牛节活动中恐慌人群的心理
【语篇解读】 Daniel Parisi将西班牙潘普洛纳的奔牛节活动当作自然实验场景，观察人们在危险中是如何表现的，以启示建筑设计师。
5．答案与解析：A 理解具体信息。根据第三段中的“Dr Parisi and his animals were released”可知，2019年7月，Parisi博士和他的团队前往潘普洛纳的两个不同的屋顶地点，拍摄了动物被放生时的跑步者。由此可知，Parisi博士和他的团队记录了奔牛活动，故选A项。
6．答案与解析：D 理解具体信息。根据第四段中的“Less expected was the finding that the speed f individual runners increased with the density f the crwd”可知，令人想不到的是，研究发现，跑步者的速度随着人群密度的增加而增加。由此可知，研究中让人意外的发现是在高密度人群中，人们往往会加速，故选D项。
7．答案与解析：B 推断。根据最后一段中的“The respnsibility them brad enugh”可知，城市设计师的责任在于研究如何最好地规划未来隧道、桥梁和其他限制流量的通道的建设，唯一的选择可能是使它们变得足够宽。由此可推知，未来的隧道和桥梁很可能会更宽，故选B项。
8．答案与解析：D 理解文章主旨要义。浏览全文，尤其是文章第一段和最后一段的内容可知，本文通过奔牛节活动来引出话题，并将此作为观察人们在危险中如何表现的自然实验场景，以便在城市建筑设计师规划未来隧道、桥梁和其他限制流量的通道时给出启示。故本文的最佳标题是D项。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了关于制订新年计划的几条建议。
1．答案与解析：F 根据But可知，空处与下文是转折关系，下文指出制订新年计划是有理可循的，且F项中的Others与上文中的Sme peple相呼应。
2．答案与解析：E 根据上句“A better slutin might be ‘run 5 km in X minutes’．”可知，该段倡导制订明确的目标，空处与此对应，说明制订明确目标的具体措施。E项符合语境。
3．答案与解析：G 根据小标题“Make it fun.”可知，该段主要建议让目标有趣；G项中的“fun”与此相呼应，说明了让目标有趣的一种方式。
4．答案与解析：A 根据该段内容，尤其是首句“Ensuring yu'll face sme wrk wnders.”可知，该段建议实现不了目标时给自己一些惩罚，A项中的“punishment”与此相呼应。
5．答案与解析：D 根据“Get a little help frm yur friends.”及本段内容可知，本段主要建议花时间和朋友们在一起并向他们学习来提升自己，D项中的“pick up”和“spending time tgether”与此相呼应。
Ⅲ.语法填空
语篇类型：新闻报道 主题语境：人与社会——风俗与文化——加利福尼亚的龙舟比赛
【语篇解读】 本文报道了加利福尼亚的龙舟比赛的盛况，并介绍了龙舟比赛的起源及该活动的意义。
1．答案与解析：prviding 非谓语动词。分析该句结构可知，逗号前句式完整，空处作非谓语；主语Shiny white tents和动词prvide之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作状语。
2．答案与解析：wh 定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，作从句的主语，先行词为dragn bat paddlers，指人，故用wh。
3．答案与解析：with 介词。分析句子结构可知，此处为with复合结构作状语。
4．答案与解析：initially 副词。分析该句结构可知，空处修饰后面的介词短语，故用副词形式。
5．答案与解析：and 连词。句意：赛龙舟在中国已经延续了数千年，最初是为了纪念中国的水神或龙神，以召唤雨水，避免不幸和灾难。call dwn rain和后面的avid misfrtune and disaster为并列关系，故用and。
6．答案与解析：uses 动词的时态和主谓一致。根据该句中的“keeps”，再结合句意可知，该句陈述的是风俗习惯，故用一般现在时；该句主语是a drummer，为第三人称单数，故用uses。
7．答案与解析：invlved 形容词。分析句子结构可知，此处是“get＋sb.＋adj.”结构，意为“让他参加”。
8．答案与解析：decided 动词的时态。根据时间状语“In 2018”可知，该句陈述的是过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。
9．答案与解析：clseness 名词。根据空前的f可知，空处用所给词的名词形式，故填clseness。
10．答案与解析：an 不定冠词。该处泛指“一项奥运会比赛项目”，故用不定冠词； Olympic的发音以元音音素开头，故用an。
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