福建省福州市普通高中2023届高三英语下学期5月质量检测试卷（Word版附解析）

这是一份福建省福州市普通高中2023届高三英语下学期5月质量检测试卷（Word版附解析），共22页。试卷主要包含了15等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2023年5月福州市普通高中毕业班质量检测
英语试题
友情提示：请将所有答案填写到答题卡上!请不要错位、越界答题!
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有16秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是C。
1. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Boss and employee. B. Teacher and student. C. Husband and wife.
2. Why does the man speaker make the call?
A. To offer a hand.
B. To discuss a plan.
C. To give an invitation.
3. What does the man do?
A. A police officer. B. A taxi driver. C. A construction worker.
4. What will the woman probably do tomorrow evening?
A. Write an essay. B. Meet Harry. C. Watch a game.
5. How does the woman sound?
A. Excited. B. Disappointed. C. Encouraged.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What did the man plan to do on Sunday?
A. Move house. B. Go shopping. C. Wash clothes.
7. How does the woman feel about a refrigerator?
A. It’s a luxury.
B. It’s a bargain.
C. It’s a necessity.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Where are the speakers now probably?
A. In Xiamen. B. In Brussels. C. In Shanghai.
9. How did the man get to know Brian?
A. They worked together.
B. They traveled together.
C. They visited the same department.
10. What do we know about the man?
A. He is studying for a law degree.
B. He has been to the Netherlands.
C. He finds an opportunity to work abroad.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What is Michael doing in the library?
A. Searching for books.
B. Surfing the Internet.
C. Consulting the teacher.
12. What does the girl think of the suggestions on the Internet?
A. They’re helpful.
B. They’re detailed.
C. They’re unreliable.
13. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Parental controls. B. Seeking advice. C. Internet safety.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. Why does the man speaker refuse to take up boxing?
A. He is too busy.
B. He is afraid of practising.
C. He is fond of team sports.
15. What does the woman want to get by joining the club?
A. A sum of money.
B. The ability to defend herself.
C. Support from her favorite athlete.
16. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. A sport. B. A club. C. A player.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Who are the listeners?
A: Students, B. Residents. C. Workers.
18. How many hours will the work last each day?
A. Four. B. Five. C Seven
19. What are the workers expected to do on the third day?
A. Clean the parking lot.
B. Cut the tree branches.
C. Repair the road surface.
20. Why is the speaker making the speech?
A. To make an advertisement.
B. To make notice in advance.
C. To make an apology m public.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
These science-themed field trips will offer you fantastic experiences.
London’s sites of scientific interest
Explore London’s notable sites of scientific interest along the River Thames, starting at Kew Bridge and walking to the Thames Barrier during the day with talks in the evening with some professors.
Visit the London Wetland Centre, Kew Gardens, Battersea Power Station, and the Greenwich Observatory. You will never be far from the river as you experience a wide range of topics including wildlife, medicine, power generation, engineering, physics and astronomy.
The science history of Scotland
Discover Edinburgh and Glasgow’s most famous scientific thinkers, and learn how their ideas supported our emerging understanding of the world from the 16th century onwards.
Enjoy expert talks and explore key sites from the Scottish Enlightenment (启蒙). Learn about the wide cast of advocates and hear from guest speakers, take part in walking seminars (研讨会) and enjoy several museum trips, as well as visits to two industrial wonders, the Falkirk Wheel and the Whitelee Windfarm.
Pre-Historic Southwest England
Involve yourself in the early human periods the Bronze and Iron Ages. A gentle walking tour that explores the pre-historic origins and evidence across Wiltshire and Dorset.
Visit several National Trust, English Heritage and UNESCO listed sites including Stonehenge and Maiden Castle and hear talks from the directors of the Wiltshire and Salisbury museums.
1. Which site can you visit along the River Thames?
A. Maiden Castle.
B. The Falkirk Wheel.
C. The Wetland Centre.
D. The Salisbury museums.
2. What is the visit to the Southwest England aimed at?
A. A closer look at the past.
B. A brief exposure to nature.
C. A new view about mysteries.
D. A deeper understanding of art.
3. What can visitors expect during all the three trips?
A. Talks with experts.
B. Visits to museums.
C. History explorations.
D. Scientific research.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了以科学为主题的旅行。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据London’s sites of scientific interest中的第二段“Visit the London Wetland Centre, Kew Gardens, Battersea Power Station, and the Greenwich Observatory. (参观伦敦湿地中心、邱园、巴特西发电站和格林威治天文台。)”可知，沿着泰晤士河你可以参观到湿地中心。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Pre-Historic Southwest England中的第一段“Involve yourself in the early human periods the Bronze and Iron Ages. A gentle walking tour that explores the pre-historic origins and evidence across Wiltshire and Dorset. (让自己置身于人类早期的青铜和铁器时代。一次温和的徒步旅行，探索威尔特郡和多塞特郡的史前起源和证据。)”可知，访问英格兰西南部的目的是仔细看看过去。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据London’s sites of scientific interest中的第一段“Explore London’s notable sites of scientific interest along the River Thames, starting at Kew Bridge and walking to the Thames Barrier during the day with talks in the evening with some professors. (沿着泰晤士河探索伦敦著名的科学景点，从邱桥开始，白天步行到泰晤士河屏障，晚上听取一些教授演讲。)”、The science history of Scotland中的第二段“Enjoy expert talks and explore key sites from the Scottish Enlightenment (启蒙). (享受专家讲座，探索苏格兰启蒙运动的重要遗址。)”和Pre-Historic Southwest England中的第二段“Visit several National Trust, English Heritage and UNESCO listed sites including Stonehenge and Maiden Castle and hear talks from the directors of the Wiltshire and Salisbury museums. (参观几个国家信托、英国遗产和联合国教科文组织列出的景点，包括巨石阵和少女城堡，并听取威尔特郡和索尔兹伯里博物馆馆长的演讲。)”可知，在这三次旅行中，游客可以听取专家的演讲。故选A。
B
During the summer of 2021, Beverly Wax had an experience that filled her with awe. It was the sight of her son, Justin, dragging a 36-kilogram portable air conditioner upstairs. Beverly’s central air conditioning had stopped working in the middle of a 32℃ heat wave. She had mentioned to her son and he’d shown up as a surprise. As she watched him sweat and struggle while fixing it, she felt a wave of gratitude and appreciation.
Awe is that feeling we get when something is so vast that it stops us in our tracks. Often, it challenges or expands our thinking. Research shows that awe experiences decrease stress and increase overall satisfaction. It can also help our relationships, making us feel more sympathetic and less greedy, more supported by and more likely to help others.
Most of us associate awe with something rare and beautiful: nature, music or a spiritual experience. But people can bring about awe, and not just public heroes. Often, this interpersonal awe is a response to life’s big, sweeping changes. We can be awed by our nearest and dearest — the people sitting next to us on the sofa, or chatting on the phone. But it happens in smaller moments, too. John Bargh, a psychologist, said he was truly awestruck by his then-five-year-old daughter. When she heard another child crying, she grabbed her toy, walked over to the boy and handed it to him.
Unfortunately, we can’t make someone else behave in a way that’s awesome. But we can prepare ourselves to notice it when they do — and take steps to boost the emotion’s positive effects.
4. Why does the writer tell Beverly’s story?
A. To show sympathy for her. B. To cite an example of awe.
C. To express appreciation to her son. D. To start a discussion about awe.
5. What is the benefit of awe?
A. It stops our anxiety. B. It simplifies our thinking.
C. It satisfies regular needs. D. It promotes positive emotions.
6. In which situation can we feel awed between the nearest?
A. Admiring scenery in a national park.
B. Enjoying classic music in a concert hall.
C. Receiving a call from a long-lost friend.
D. Getting the signature of a famous athlete.
7. What can be implied from the last paragraph?
A. Arise in time of trouble.
B. Behave in an awesome way.
C. Sense amazement in daily life.
D. Increase chance of finding awe.
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. C 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究表明敬畏会让我们感觉得更好。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“During the summer of 2021, Beverly Wax had an experience that filled her with awe. (在2021年的夏天，贝弗利·瓦克斯经历了一次让她充满敬畏的经历)”及第一段可推断，作者讲述贝弗莉的故事是为了举一个敬畏的例子。故选B。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Research shows that awe experiences decrease stress and increase overall satisfaction. It can also help our relationships, making us feel more sympathetic and less greedy, more supported by and more likely to help others. (研究表明，敬畏体验可以减轻压力，提高整体满意度。它还可以帮助我们的人际关系，使我们更有同情心，不那么贪婪，更有可能得到别人的支持和帮助)”和第三段“Most of us associate awe with something rare and beautiful: nature, music or a spiritual experience.( 我们大多数人都将敬畏与稀有而美丽的事物联系在一起:自然、音乐或精神体验)”可推断，敬畏的好处是可以促进积极情绪。故选D。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“We can be awed by our nearest and dearest — the people sitting next to us on the sofa, or chatting on the phone. (我们可以敬畏我们最亲近人——坐在我们旁边的沙发上，或者在电话里聊天的人)”可知，接到久违朋友的电话会让我们对最亲近的人感到敬畏。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Unfortunately, we can’t make someone else behave in a way that’s awesome. But we can prepare ourselves to notice it when they do — and take steps to boost the emotion’s positive effects. (不幸的是，我们不能让别人表现得很好。但我们可以做好心理准备，在情绪出现时注意到它，并采取措施增强这种情绪的积极影响)”可推断，感受日常生活中的惊奇，可以让我们感受到敬畏。故选C。
C
One summer midnight, standing outside a wooden house in Michigan’s Upper Peninsula, I looked up. The sight of thousands of stars was almost enough to make me, a non-believer, offer a word of gratitude up into the star-filled sky. But to whom? Perhaps to Johan Eklof, author of The Darkness Manifesto.
A bat scientist, Eklof works in the night shadows in western Sweden. His work requires an absolute kind of darkness unpolluted by light. But this category of darkness is threatened. In the 1980s, Eklof tells readers, two-thirds of the churches in Sweden housed bat caves. Not any longer. “Today, this number has been reduced by a third due to light pollution, because the churches all glow brightly in the night.” he writes.
We have all noticed it when driving through any city at night. Empty places are floodlit. The night sky in Hong Kong is 1200 times brighter than an unlit one. Citizens of some large cities, writes Eklof, have never allowed their eyes to adapt to true night vision. But we are only now beginning to understand the effects.
Too much light is incredibly destructive to the complex eco-systems many animals inhabit. It scares away the bats that Eklof studies; reef fish eggs go unhatched; birds forget to even sing.
So how can we deal with the too much light? In 2019, France passed laws limiting how much light can be sent into the sky. In Vienna, Austria, the city’s lights are turned off at 11 p.m. Some measures, like artificial lights that do not reflect light upward, are already within our grasp. “We could just turn it all off, but I guess we don’t want to, because darkness is not safe for everyone.” said Eklof in a recent interview. “So it’s vital we find a middle way.”
Right now, it’s hard to know what that middle way might look like. In 50 years, every city could be lit by environmentally low-impact lights, or we might have completely forgotten what darkness is — the sky filled with little moons.
8. What do we know about Eklofs work?
A It reduces light pollution. B. It focuses on stars and sky.
C. It strengthens people’s belief. D. It requires a specific condition.
9. What can replace the underlined “it” in meaning in paragraph 3?
A. Darkness. B. An unlit city.
C. Floodlighting. D. The night sky.
10. What are paragraphs 4 and 5 mainly about regarding light pollution?
A. Cause and damage. B. Effect and solution.
C. Consequence and disadvantage. D. Analysis and potential.
11. What is the writer’s attitude toward lighting management?
A. Balanced. B. Negative. C. Unclear. D. Conservative.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. B 11. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍光污染对动物造成的影响，以及当前的一些应对办法。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“A bat scientist, Eklof works in the night shadows in western Sweden. His work requires an absolute kind of darkness unpolluted by light. (Eklof 是一名蝙蝠科学家，他在瑞典西部的夜色中工作。他的作品需要一种完全没有光线污染的黑暗)”可知，Eklof 的工作需要特定的条件——没有光线污染的黑暗。故选D。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段的“We have all noticed it when driving through any city at night. Empty places are floodlit. (晚上开车经过任何一个城市时，我们都注意到了这一点。空的地方都被强力照明)”可知，晚上我们开车经过任何一个城市都会注意到空的地方都有强光。由此猜测，it指的是强力照明的情况。故选C。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Too much light is incredibly destructive to the complex eco-systems many animals inhabit. It scares away the bats that Eklof studies; reef fish eggs go unhatched; birds forget to even sing.(过多的光线对许多动物栖息的复杂生态系统造成了难以置信的破坏。它吓跑了Eklof 研究的蝙蝠；珊瑚礁鱼卵不孵化；鸟儿甚至忘记唱歌)”可知，第四段介绍了强力照明带来的影响；根据第五段的“In 2019, France passed laws limiting how much light can be sent into the sky. In Vienna, Austria, the city’s lights are turned off at 11 p.m. Some measures, like artificial lights that do not reflect light upward, are already within our grasp. (2019年，法国通过了限制向天空发射光线数量的法律。在奥地利维也纳，该市的灯在晚上11点关闭。一些措施，如不向上反射光线的人造灯，已经在我们的掌握之中)”可知，第五段主要介绍了应对光污染的方法。即四五段是关于光污染的影响和解决方法。故选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Right now, it’s hard to know what that middle way might look like. In 50 years, every city could be lit by environmentally low-impact lights, or we might have completely forgotten what darkness is — the sky filled with little moons.(现在，很难知道“middle way ”方法会是什么样子。50年后，每个城市都可以用对环境影响小的灯照亮，或者我们可能已经完全忘记了黑暗是什么——天空中布满了小月亮)”可知，“middle way”有可能是让人们使用对环境影响小的灯照明，也可能让天空挂满了小月亮。由此推知，作者对解决光污染的方法持中立态度。故选A。
D
Feeling a hug from each other via the internet may be a possibility in the near future. A research team led by City University of Hong Kong recently developed a wireless, soft e-skin that can both detect and deliver the sense of touch, and form a touch network allowing one-to-multiuser interaction. It offers great potential for improving the distance touch communication.
While there are numerous devices in the market to simulate (模拟) the sense of touch in the virtual world, they provide only touch sensing or touch response. The uniqueness of the novel e-skin is that it can perform self-sensing and touch reproducing functions on the same interface.
The e-skin is a 7cm×l0cm, 4.2mm-thick device containing 16 flexible actuators (驱动器), a microcontroller unit, a Bluetooth module, and other electronics on a flexible circuit board. The actuator serves as the core part of the e-skin. Once the actuator is pressed and released by a force, a current is produced to provide electrical signals that are turned into digital signals by a converter (转换器) and then sent to another e-skin via Bluetooth. When the signals are received, a current is caused to reproduce the touch response on the receiver’s e-skin through mechanical vibration (振动). The process can be reversed to deliver vibrations from the receiver’s e-skin to the corresponding actuator of the sender’s.
The e-skin can communicate with Bluetooth devices and send data through the internet with smartphones and computers to perform long-distance touch, and to form a touch Internet of Things (IoT) system, where one-to-one and one-to-multiple touch delivery could be realized. Friends and family in different places could use it to “feel” each other. This form of touch overcomes the limitations of space and greatly reduces the sense of distance in human communication.
Next, the research team will focus on practical applications for people with visual disability, who could wear the e-skin to gain remote directional guidance and read Braille messages.
12. What is the unique feature of the e-skin?
A. It provides hugs for users.
B. It builds a social network.
C. It provides touch sensing and copying,
D It monitors the process of self-sensing.
13. What does the underlined word “reversed” mean?
A. Started. B. Disturbed. C. Completed. D. Exchanged.
14. What can we learn about e-skin?
A. It strengthens bonds across distance.
B. Its converter vibrates when working.
C. It sends electrical signals to receivers.
D. Its system delivers touch with phones.
15. What would be the best title of the text?
A. A signal-sending application
B. An invention for the disabled
C. A device for virtual interaction
D. A long distance communication
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了一种可以让人们通过互联网感受“拥抱”的电子皮肤
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“The uniqueness of the novel e-skin is that it can perform self-sensing and touch reproducing functions on the same interface.(这种新型电子皮肤的独特之处在于它可以在同一界面上实现自我感知和触感再现功能)”可知，这种电子皮肤的独特之处是提供并复制触感。故选C。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“When the signals are received, a current is caused to reproduce the touch response on the receiver’s e-skin through mechanical vibration (振动).(当接收到信号时，会产生电流，通过机械振动在接收器的电子皮肤上重现触摸反应)”和下文“deliver vibrations from the receiver’s e-skin to the corresponding actuator of the sender’s.(将振动从接收器的电子皮肤传递到发送器的相应致动器)”可知，机械振动可以让接收器感受触摸，也将接收器由此产生的震动发送给相应的致动器。由此可知，这个过程是可以互换的。由此猜测划线词意为“互换”，与exchange同义。故选D。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段的“Friends and family in different places could use it to “feel” each other. This form of touch overcomes the limitations of space and greatly reduces the sense of distance in human communication.(不同地方的朋友和家人可以用它来“感受”彼此。这种形式的触摸克服了空间的限制，大大减少了人类交流中的距离感)”可知，这种电子皮肤减少了人们交流中的距离感，即它可以加强跨越距离的联系。故选A。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合第一段“Feeling a hug from each other via the internet may be a possibility in the near future. A research team led by City University of Hong Kong recently developed a wireless, soft e-skin that can both detect and deliver the sense of touch, and form a touch network allowing one-to-multiuser interaction. It offers great potential for improving the distance touch communication.(在不久的将来，通过互联网感受彼此的拥抱可能是可能的。由香港城市大学领导的一个研究团队最近开发了一种无线、柔软的电子皮肤，它可以检测和传递触觉，并形成允许一对多用户交互的触觉网络。它为改善远程触摸通信提供了巨大的潜力)”可知，本文主要介绍了一种可以让人们通过互联网感受“拥抱”的电子皮肤，它通过提供和传递触感减少人们交流中的距离感，加强跨距离的联系。因此C项“A device for virtual interaction(一个用于虚拟互动的设备)”可以作为本文最佳标题。故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Traveling itself is an experience hard to be described in words. ____16____ Especially the solo (独自) traveling experience is so transforming that it lives with you forever. Here I am sharing some lessons.
____17____ Thinking how I would manage my entire day among strangers on campus, I pretended to be sick. Then I had the same feeling when I was planning to travel alone. Exploring a city on my own was a big fear for me but I successfully managed it all and now, I seek out new opportunities and experiences. I love to push myself.____18____
Having grown up and lived all my life in a single place, I had a small set of friends since my school days which continued till my college days.____19____ I met a few very interesting people with whom I could feel an instant connect and got some new friends for life.
I totally agree that traveling with family and friends is fun and enjoying. But traveling alone is satisfying too. It’s among those few things that you do for yourself and nobody else.____20____ During my solo travels I have explored my inner self and have expanded my boundaries which people around me have acknowledged at times.
A. I want to experience more.
B. But all this changed with my first solo trip.
C. I never thought I would travel alone in my life.
D. I was so scared when I went to school first time.
E. Every journey prepares you for the journey of life.
F. The farther you travel, the more independent you become.
G. After all you need to take care of yourself a bit too at times.
【答案】16. E 17. D 18. A 19. B 20. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过自己的经历介绍了独自旅行的好处。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Traveling itself is an experience hard to be described in words.(旅行本身就是一种难以用语言描述的体验)”和下文“Especially the solo (独自) traveling experience is so transforming that it lives with you forever. (尤其是独自旅行的经历能给人带来巨大的改变，它永远与你同在)”可知，上下文都陈述了旅行对人的好处。由此可知，空处内容应与上下文一致，讲旅行的好处。E项“Every journey prepares you for the journey of life.(每一次旅行都会让你为人生的旅程做好准备)”符合语境。故选E。
【17题详解】
根据下文“Thinking how I would manage my entire day among strangers on campus, I pretended to be sick. (想着如何在校园里与陌生人相处一整天，我假装生病了)”推知，作者上学第一天非常害怕。D项“I was so scared when I went to school first time.(我第一次上学的时候非常害怕)”符合语境。故选D。
【18题详解】
空处位于段末应承接上文。根据上文“Exploring a city on my own was a big fear for me but I successfully managed it all and now, I seek out new opportunities and experiences. I love to push myself.(独自探索一座城市对我来说是一大恐惧，但我成功地完成了这一切，现在，我寻求新的机会和经验。我喜欢鞭策自己)”可知，经历挑战后，作者寻求新的机会和经验。由此推知，作者想更多的类似体验。A项“I want to experience more.(我想体验更多)”符合语境。故选A。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Having grown up and lived all my life in a single place, I had a small set of friends since my school days which continued till my college days.(我在一个地方长大并生活了一辈子，从上学到大学，我一直有一小群朋友)”和下文“I met a few very interesting people with whom I could feel an instant connect and got some new friends for life.(我遇到了一些非常有趣的人，我可以立即与他们建立联系，并结交了一些终身新朋友)”可知，作者从前只有一小群固定的朋友，没有走出自己出生和长大的地方，但后来他遇到了一些有趣的人，并和他们成为朋友。结合本文讲述独自旅行的好处推知，空处应陈述一次独自旅行改变了作者。B项“But all this changed with my first solo trip.(但这一切随着我第一次独自旅行而改变)”符合语境，承上启下。故选B。
【20题详解】
根据上文“I totally agree that traveling with family and friends is fun and enjoying. But traveling alone is satisfying too. It’s among those few things that you do for yourself and nobody else.(我完全同意与家人和朋友一起旅行是有趣和享受的。但独自旅行也令人满意。这是你为自己而不是为别人做的少数几件事之一)”可知，相较于和家人朋友一起旅行，独自旅行是为自己做的事情。由此推知，空处应陈述独自旅行的好处。G项“After all you need to take care of yourself a bit too at times.(毕竟你有时也需要照顾好自己)”符合语境。故选G。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Little Oliver was Mason and Rebecca’s miracle child. Rebecca suffered three miscarriages (流产) before Oliver was born. When they were still in extreme ____21____, Rebecca accidentally found the little boy never reacted to any sound. After examination it was confirmed that Oliver was born ____22____.
Facing such a blow, Mason and Rebecca never felt ____23____. A few weeks later, Oliver got his first hearing aid. Despite several ____24____, Oliver could at last hear! Rebecca and Mason were delighted.
Three years passed, and it was time to send Oliver to ____25____. But the first day Oliver returned home ____26____. “I don-don’t want to go to school... I have no friends...”
One day, Rebecca and Mason were called to the school, where Oliver’s teacher, Sophia told them Oliver never ____27____ with his classmates. He was afraid that his classmates would ____28____ him over his deafness. Though Sophia talked to him again, he was ____29____ to communicate.
Rebecca and Mason told her their son was _____30_____ for friendship inside’ Sophia decided they had to do something to help Oliver out of his _____31_____. They made a plan and put it into action on his sixth birthday. Oliver _____32_____ his classroom and found it decorated with balloons. He was surprised and sat in his chair,_____33_____ what was happening. Suddenly, all his classmates marched inside. They all wore colorful birthday caps and smiled at him. Oliver’s eyes rose with tears as he watched them sing a happy birthday song in _____34_____. They had learned sign language to surprise the birthday boy and make him feel _____35_____. Oliver was touched. It felt like heaven to be surrounded by friends.
21. A. sorrow B. happiness C. surprise D. loss
22. A. dumb B. blind C. deaf D. one-handed
23. A. discouraged B. annoyed C. embarrassed D. confused
24. A. operations B. tests C. worries D. struggles
25. A. school B. hospital C. station D. work
26. A. laughing B. crying C. adding D. explaining
27. A. debated B. agreed C. studied D. interacted
28. A. punish B. scold C. complain about D. laugh at
29. A. unwilling B. cautious C. confused D. unable
30. A. grateful B. desperate C. responsible D. concerned
31. A. doubt B. failure C. insecurity D. reach
32. A. locked B. cleaned C. entered D. designed
33. A. confirming B. concluding C. ignoring D. wondering
34. A. gesture B. return C. deed D. word
35. A. independent B. sensible C. included D. praised
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. C 33. D 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了天生耳聋的Oliver在学校过得很不开心，他的老师同学们为他精心准备了生日手势歌曲，Oliver觉得自己终于成为了班里的一员。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他们还沉浸在极度的幸福中时，Rebecca 意外地发现这个小男孩对任何声音都没有反应。A. sorrow悲伤；B. happiness幸福；C. surprise惊奇；D. loss 失去。根据上文“Little Oliver was Mason and Rebecca’s miracle child. Rebecca suffered three miscarriages (流产) before Oliver was born.”可知，Oliver是他的爸爸妈妈好不容易才拥有的小孩，所以当他出生时，爸爸妈妈沉浸在幸福之中。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：经过检查，证实Oliver生来就是聋子。A. dumb哑的；B. blind看不见的；C. deaf聋的；D. one-handed 一只手的。根据上文“Rebecca accidentally found the little boy never reacted to any sound”可知，Oliver对声音没有反应，由此判断Oliver是天生的聋子。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：面对这样的打击，Mason和Rebecca从未感到气馁。A. discouraged受到打击的；B. annoyed恼怒的；C. embarrassed尴尬的；D. confused 困惑的。根据下文“A few weeks later, Oliver got his first hearing aid.”可知，尽管Oliver是聋子，他的爸爸妈妈却从未气馁。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过几次挣扎，Oliver终于听见了! A. operations手术；B. tests测试；C. worries烦恼；D. struggles 努力、挣扎。根据上文可知，Oliver得到了第一个助听器，而根据空后“Oliver could at last hear!”可知，Oliver终于听见了。由此判断，Oliver是经过几次挣扎努力。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：三年过去了，是时候送Oliver上学了。A. school学校；B. hospital医院；C. station车站；D. work 工作。根据上文的“Three years passed”以及下文的““I don-don’t want to go to school... I have no friends...””可知，Oliver到了上学的时候。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但第一天，Oliver回到家就哭了。A. laughing笑；B. crying哭；C. adding增加；D. explaining 解释。根据下文““I don-don’t want to go to school... I have no friends...””可知，Oliver在学校里过得很不开心，所以到家后哭了。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，Rebecca和Mason被叫到学校，Oliver的老师Sophia告诉他们，Oliver从不与同学互动。A. debated辩论；B. agreed同意；C. studied研究；D. interacted 互动。根据下文“He was afraid that his classmates would ____8____ him over his deafness.”可知，Oliver害怕同学们笑话他，所以他不愿意和同学们互动。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他害怕他的同学会嘲笑他的耳聋。A. punish惩罚；B. scold责怪；C. complain about抱怨；D. laugh at 嘲笑。根据空后的“over his deafness”可知，Oliver担心同学嘲笑自己耳聋。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然Sophia又和他说话了，但他不愿意交流。A. unwilling不乐意；B. cautious谨慎的；C. confused困惑的；D. unable 不能的。根据上文“One day, Rebecca and Mason were called to the school, where Oliver’s teacher, Sophia told them Oliver never ____7____ with his classmates. He was afraid that his classmates would ____8____ him over his deafness.”可知，Oliver不愿与他人互动交流。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Rebecca和Mason告诉她，他们的儿子内心渴望友谊，Sophia决定他们必须做点什么来帮助Oliver摆脱他的不安全感。A. grateful感激；B. desperate绝望的，急切的；C. responsible负责的；D. concerned 担忧的。根据上文可知，Oliver外表表现得拒人千里之外，但是内心还是希望有朋友的。选择desperate，构成短语：be desperate for，意为“渴望得到……”。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Rebecca和Mason告诉她，他们的儿子内心渴望友谊，Sophia决定他们必须做点什么来帮助Oliver摆脱他的不安全感。A. doubt怀疑；B. failure失败；C. insecurity不安全；D. reach 范围。根据上文可知，Oliver内心渴望友谊，但是又害怕别人笑话他，所以他是缺乏安全感。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Oliver走进教室，发现教室里装饰着气球。A. locked看；B. cleaned清理；C. entered进入；D. designed 设计。根据宾语“his classroom”可知，空处指的是Oliver进入教室。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他很惊讶，坐在椅子上，不知道发生了什么事。A. confirming证实；B. concluding结束；C. ignoring忽视；D. wondering 想知道。根据上文“He was surprised and sat in his chair”可知，他非常惊讶，所以他是不知道发生了什么事。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Oliver看着他们唱着生日歌的手势，眼里噙满了泪水。A. gesture手势；B. return返回；C. deed事件；D. word 言语。根据下文“They had learned sign language to surprise the birthday boy”可知，Oliver的同学们学习了手势语，所以他们的生日歌是用手势语来表演的。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们学习手语是为了给小寿星一个惊喜，让他觉得自己是班级的一员。A. independent独立的；B. sensible明智的；C. included包含在内的；D. praised受到表扬的。根据下文“Oliver was touched. It felt like heaven to be surrounded by friends.”可知，Oliver觉得身边终于有了朋友，所以他的同学们为他学习手语，就是为了让Oliver觉得自己也是班级的一员。故选C。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China unveiled (公布) a list of the country’s top 10 scientific achievements for 2022. It featured breakthroughs in basic research ____36____ (range) from space science to agriculture. China completed the in-orbit construction ____37____ its space station, with two manned spaceships and two 20-tonne-level lab modules ____38____ (send) into orbit. The Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Radio Telescope (FAST), also known as the “China Sky Eye”, achieved a number of ____39____ (discovery), including a new repeating fast radio burst it detected. In October, China ____40____ (launch) a solar exploration satellite called Kuafu-1 into space to settle the mysteries of the sun, producing ____41____ (it) first solar image in November.
In the field of agriculture, Chinese researchers identified yield-related genes in corn and rice,____42____ allows for their grain output to be increased by about 10 percent and 8 percent, respectively.
This year’s list of the country’s top 10 scientific advances is the ____43____ (twenty-nine) annual event of its kind. The goal of the list is to showcase China’s ____44____ (late) achievements of basic research in some fundamental fields _____45_____ encourage Chinese scientists and engineers to work hard for achieving quality self-reliance in science and technology.
【答案】36. ranging
37. of 38. sent
39. discoveries
40. launched
41. its 42. which
43. twenty-ninth
44. latest 45. and
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国公布了2022年中国十大科学成就名单。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：它在从空间科学到农业的基础研究方面取得了突破。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词。名词research与range之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语。故填ranging。
【37题详解】
考查介词。句意：中国完成了空间站在轨建设，两艘载人飞船和两个20吨级实验舱送入轨道。名词construction和its space station之间为所属关系，所以用介词of。故填of。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：中国完成了空间站在轨建设，两艘载人飞船和两个20吨级实验舱送入轨道。这里为with的复合结构。介词with后宾语lab modules与send之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填sent。
【39题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：500米口径球面射电望远镜(FAST)，也被称为“中国天眼”，取得了许多发现，包括它探测到的一个新的重复快速射电暴。a number of许多，后接可数名词的复数形式。故填discoveries。
【40题详解】
考查时态。句意：在10月，中国向太空发射了一颗名为“夸父一号”的太阳探测卫星，以揭开太阳的神秘面纱，并于11月拍摄了第一张太阳图像。根据时间状语In October可知，陈述过去事情，用一般过去时态。故填launched。
【41题详解】
考查代词。句意：在10月，中国向太空发射了一颗名为“夸父一号”的太阳探测卫星，以揭开太阳的神秘面纱，并于11月拍摄了第一张太阳图像。名词solar image前用形容词性物主代词。故填its。
【42题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：在农业领域，中国研究人员在玉米和水稻中发现了与产量相关的基因，这使得它们的粮食产量分别增加了约10%和8%。句中先行词为genes in corn and rice，在非限定性定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。
【43题详解】
考查数词。句意：今年的中国十大科学进步榜单是第29届此类年度活动。根据定冠词the和句意可知，表示“第29届”，所以用序数词形式。故填twenty-ninth。
【44题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：该名单的目的是展示中国在一些基础领域的最新基础研究成果，并鼓励中国科学家和工程师努力实现科学技术的质量自主。结合句意，表示“最新的基础研究成果”，用形容词最高级形式。故填latest。
【45题详解】
考查连词。句意：该名单的目的是展示中国在一些基础领域的最新基础研究成果，并鼓励中国科学家和工程师努力实现科学技术的质量自主。句中“showcase China’s ____9____ (late) achievements of basic research in some fundamental fields”和“encourage Chinese scientists and engineers to work hard for achieving quality self-reliance in science and technology.”之间为并列关系，所以用并列连词。故填and。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，在全国防灾减灾日(National Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Day)即将到来之际，你校开展了一系列活动。请你写信和你的国外笔友Jack分享一下活动开展的情况。内容包括：
1. 活动内容；
2. 个人收获。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Jack,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jack,
With National Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Day approaching, our school carried out a series of events. , our school carried out a series of events. And I would like to share some details.
Awareness events include professional seminars introducing theoretical knowledge and workshops teaching survival skills in time of emergency. I’m most impressed by an evacuation drill where we learned how to evacuate in order and protect ourselves when stuck in an earthquake.
The events are beneficial. They not only raise our awareness of self-protection but also prepare us better for long-term disaster prevention and recovery.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。要求考生给国外笔友Jack分享学校在全国防灾减灾日来临之际开展的一系列活动。
详解】1.词汇积累
进行：carry out→conduct
被困于：be stuck in→be trapped in
有益的：be beneficial→be of great benefit
想做某事：would like to do→want to/feel like doing
2.句型拓展
同义句
原句：With National Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Day approaching, our school carried out a series of events.
拓展句：As National Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Day approaches, our school carried out a series of events.
【点睛】[高分句型1]With National Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Day approaching, our school carried out a series of events.（运用了with复合结构）
[高分句型2]I’m most impressed by an evacuation drill where we learned how to evacuate in order and protect ourselves when stuck in an earthquake.（运用了where引导的定语从句）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Jim dreams of becoming a famous artist to help lift his family from poverty. However, an illness in the family forces Jim to give up everything he worked so hard for.
Jim used to draw skyline on the roof of the school building, with a broken piece of pencil lead he’d found in a rubbish can. His drawing was close to perfect except for some color. His family lived from hand to mouth so Jim could only rely on himself. He had to help out on the local farm after school and saved some of the money for paints.
One day Mom fell seriously ill and was rushed to hospital at once. While the rest of his family were still at the hospital waiting, Jim ran back home to get the household emergency money. But his heart sank when he saw the pitiful money. It’d never be enough to pay for Mom’s medical treatment. He ran into his bedroom and reached for his savings.
“Goodbye, paints and brushes,” Jim said as he added his to the emergency money.
One night on the way home, thinking of Mom in hospital he wanted to do something for her. He bent down beneath a streetlight and put his fingers in the dirt on the roadside. Before he knew it, he drew a portrait (肖像) of Mom.
He found red dust and mixed it with mud to add shadow, then picked up some grass and turned it into some kind of paint. He used this to add definition around Mom’s nose, eyes and hair.
When he was finished, Jim stood back up to study his work. The linework and shading were fine, but the colors…
“It’s still no good,” Jim shook his head.
“I disagree.”
Jim turned around and found a stranger standing behind him. He gave Jim a friendly smile and introduced himself as Mr. Finn.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
“I am an editor for an art magazine.” Mr. Finn continued.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
With the payment from the magazine, Jim could not hide his joy.
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【答案】One possible version:
“I’m the editor-in-chief for a local art magazine,” Mr. Finn continued. “I love what you’ve done here. Such an unusual choice of medium, but what an excellent result! This is a very exciting form of artistic expression, young man. With your permission, I’d like to use a photo of your work for the cover of our next issue.” Jim nodded before he figured out how much he would be paid. But he was sure that he would earn some money and help his mom.
With the payment from the magazine, Jim could not hide his joy. Jim counted the bills Mr. Finn gave him several times on the way to the hospital. After he paid for Mom’s medical treatment, there was still some money left. Without hesitation, he rushed to the store to buy some painting tools and pigments. His heart almost burst with joy at the thought of being able to take care of his family through painting.
【解析】
【导语】文章以人物为线索展开，讲述了家境贫寒但喜欢画画的Jim想要成为艺术家改变家人的生活。他放学后去农场帮忙，以便存钱买绘画工具。但不幸的是，妈妈患了重病，家里的钱不够，Jim拿出自己存的钱。一天他一边思考该怎么做，一边无意识的在地上画出了妈妈的肖像画，这一幕被Mr. Finn看见了。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①根据第一段首句“ “我是当地一家艺术杂志的主编，”Finn继续说道”可知，下文可描写Finn很欣赏Jim的画，请他为自己的杂志画一幅封面画，Jim同意了，因为这可以帮到妈妈。
②根据第二段首句“得到杂志的付款，Jim无法掩饰他的喜悦。”可知，下文可描写Jim不仅用这些钱支付了妈妈的医疗费，还买了绘画工具。想到能通过画画帮助家人，Jim很开心。
2.续写线索：Finn介绍自己——Finn欣赏Jim的画——邀请Jim为杂志画封面画——Jim同意——得到报酬难掩喜悦——支付妈妈的医疗费——买绘画工具——感悟
3.词类激活
行为类
①挣钱：earn some money/make some money
②剩下：leave/remain
③冲：rush/dash/run quickly
情绪类
①极好的：excellent/extraordinary
②开心：burst with joy/be delighted
【点睛】[高分句型1]Jim nodded though he didn’t quite understand Mr.（运用了though引导的让步状语从句）
[高分句型2]Jim counted the bills Mr. Finn gave him several times on the way to the hospital. （运用了省略关系代词that/which的定语从句）