山西省吕梁市2022-2023学年高二英语下学期7月期末试题（Word版附解析）

这是一份山西省吕梁市2022-2023学年高二英语下学期7月期末试题（Word版附解析），共21页。试卷主要包含了答题时使用0，保持卡面清洁，不折叠，不破损，听力部分满分30分，不计入总分，15等内容，欢迎下载使用。

吕梁市2022-2023学年第二学期期末调研测试
高二英语试题2023.
本试题满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
注意事项：
1.答题前，考生务必先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，认真核对条形码上的姓名、准考证号，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡的指定位置上。
2.答题时使用0.5毫米的黑色中性(签字)笔或碳素笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。
3.请按照题号在各题的答题区域(黑色线框)内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效。
4.保持卡面清洁，不折叠，不破损。
5.听力部分满分30分，不计入总分。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳的选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. ￡19.15. B. ￡9.15 C. ￡9.18.
答案是B。
1. Where is the man?
A. In a bookstore. B. In a library. C. In a waiting room.
2. What will the woman probably do this coming Sunday?
A. Study for a test. B. Call on her friend. C. Go on a picnic.
3. How many invitations in total does the woman have to send?
A. Five. B. Ten. C. Fifteen.
4. What did Oliver do last weekend?
A. He was at a meeting. B. He went to New York. C. He watched a football match.
5. What is the relationship between the two speakers?
A. Waiter and customer. B. Host and guest. C. Salesman and customer.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6和7题。
6. What’s wrong with the man?
A. He has headaches. B. He has a runny nose. C. He has a temperature.
7. When did the problem begin?
A. Two weeks ago. B. Two months ago. C. Three months ago.
听第7段材料，回答第8和9题。
8. Where has Barbara been?
A. Milan. B. Florence. C. Rome.
9. What has Barbara got in her suitcase?
A. Shoes. B. Stones. C. Books.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What is the problem with the woman’s watch?
A. It needs cleaning. B. It is ruined by water. C. It needs a new battery.
11. What does the shop offer if the woman changes a battery there?
A. A free battery. B. One-year guarantee. C. Free cleaning service.
12. Why can’t the woman have her watch repaired right away?
A. The man can’t fix it at the moment.
B. The woman doesn’t have enough money on her.
C. There is no right battery in the shop now.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Where does the conversation most probably take place?
A. In a supermarket. B. In a department store. C. In a restaurant.
14. Why is the man nervous?
A. Because this is his first time to China.
B. Because he knows nothing about Chinese table manners.
C. Because he doesn’t know whether he likes Chinese food or not.
15. What’s the rule of table manners the woman tells the man to obey?
A To make himself at home.
B. To learn to use chopsticks.
C. To choose less strong wines.
16. What does the man have dinner with?
A. Chopsticks. B. A knife and fork. C. A spoon.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What animals can be seen in the aquarium?
A. Sharks. B. Whales. C. Polar bears.
18 What food can the visitors give the monkeys to eat?
A. Specially prepared food. B. Sweet biscuits. C. Fruits.
19. Where do more than 300 species of birds come from?
A. South Africa. B. South America. C. Southeast Asia.
20. Who can help the visitors if they have any questions?
A. The speaker. B. The friendly feeders.
C. The people at the information desk.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分60分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题3分，满分45分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Profile pictures
Definition
A profile picture is the image that represents a social media account in all its interactions on a platform. Profile pictures are displayed next to the account names on posts, comments and mentions, depending on the platform.
Profile pictures make a visual impact on social media users and potential customers, making it important for businesses to select the right images. For a company, a profile picture should be the best part of that brand’s image, usually combining its logo.
How to select a profile picture
Profile pictures should be easily recognizable as belonging to your business. While using an independent logo is the most common strategy, some brands use a lifestyle image that includes that logo.
Other brands rely more on a person — a recognizable “face of the brand”. If this is your marketing strategy, your profile image should be creative and attractive:
●Use professional photography and design.
●Colorful images are better at catching people’s eyes.
●Photos should be taken in bright light.
●Show a smiling face.
If you have multiple social media outlets, use the same profile picture on every platform to create a consistent brand image.
Above all, use high-quality images. Keep in mind a few basic rules:
●Images should be clear.
●Make images simple and visually striking.
●Always meet requirements of the platform’s image size.
If the platform allows, add a description to your profile picture that includes links to your website.
1. Why is it vital for a business to choose a proper profile picture?
A. A profile picture is equal to a business.
B. A profile picture has a visual influence on potential customers.
C. A profile picture is usually displayed next to the account names.
D. A profile picture is often the best part of a company’s brand image.
2. Which principle should be followed when choosing a profile picture?
A. Avoid photos taken in bright light.
B. Always use a lifestyle image with the logo.
C. Make images simple as well as visually appealing.
D. Adopt various profile pictures for different social media outlets.
3. Where is the text likely to be found?
A. On a business website. B. On a business forum.
C. In an academic report. D. In a school brochure.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章为企业公司介绍了社交媒体上使用的头像的定义、重要性以及选择头像方法策略。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Definition中第二段的“Profile pictures make a visual impact on social media users and potential customers, making it important for businesses to select the right images. (头像对社交媒体用户和潜在客户产生视觉影响，因此企业选择合适的图片非常重要。)”可知，对于企业来说，选择合适的头像的重要性在于头像对潜在客户具有视觉影响。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据How to select a profile picture中“Make images simple and visually striking. (使图像简单，视觉上引人注目。)”可知，选择头像时应该遵循的准则是让图像既简单又具有视觉吸引力。故选C项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章的读者对象是企业公司，为其介绍了社交媒体上使用的头像的定义、重要性以及选择头像方法策略。因此，文章应该可以在商业网站上找到。故选A项。
B
The Chinese fashion icon, qipao, was born a century ago in Shanghai. However, the dress made its way through history from the hands of old craftsmen and is deep-rooted in Chinese culture.
“Qipao used to be so popular,” Leung Long-kong, 89, a well-known qipao craftsman, says, adding that the dress was an everyday outfit among women, from the less well-off to women at the highest levels of society. “Now, nobody is wearing them except on grand and happy occasions.”
To carry on the tradition, fashion designer Mary Yu, 41, who has been attending classes teaching knot button-making techniques, is trying to renew the design of qipao by taking symbols from Chinese history and literature.
“I feel I should look into Chinese culture and learn more about the past. People should have an in-depth understanding of their culture in order to move on. Fashion design requires a profound knowledge of one’s culture before visualizing it. After a period of wearing foreign brands all the time, there will be a day when one looks back to traditional Chinese culture. It is about finding the stuff that exists in your genes and suits you best,” Yu says.
Yu set up her own qipao brand in 2016. Most of the clothes were made by tailors based in Shenzhen and Hangzhou, for their lower cost and more traditional work.
In the constantly evolving fashion industry, qipao is catching up with the times. Zippers, digital print patterns and new materials such as lace and denim have been introduced to a new generation. More daring ideas like 3D printed qipao have also become a reality. Yu believed that with the help of these new technologies, qipao will find its way back to the daily life of Chinese people in the near future.
4. How popular was qipao in the past?
A. Every Shanghai woman wore qipao.
B. Various women wore qipao as an everyday outfit.
C. Only women of the highest rank wore qipao every day.
D. Every woman wore qipao on grand and happy occasions.
5. How is Mary Yu trying to give new life to qipao?
A. She is teaching knot button-making techniques.
B. She is seeking ways to cut down the cost of making qipao.
C. She is taking inspiration from Chinese history and literature.
D. She is attempting to break away from the influence of foreign brands.
6. Which of the following words can best describe Mary Yu?
A. Cautious and persistent. B. Patriotic and conservative.
C. Innovative and passionate. D. Considerate and ambitious.
7. What can be the best title of the text?
A. Qipao: Where to Go? B. Qipao: a Treasure Lost
C. Qipao: When to Wear? D. Qipao: a Symbol of Wealth
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。旗袍诞生于一个世纪前的上海，盛极一时，并深深植根于中国文化，现在，41岁的时装设计师玛丽·余尝试赋予旗袍这一遗失的宝藏新的生命力。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的“adding that the dress was an everyday outfit among women, from the less well-off to women at the highest levels of society (她补充说，从不太富裕的女性到社会最高阶层的女性，这种裙子都是女性的日常着装)”可知，在过去，旗袍是社会各阶层女性的日常着装。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“To carry on the tradition, fashion designer Mary Yu, 41, who has been attending classes teaching knot button-making techniques, is trying to renew the design of qipao by taking symbols from Chinese history and literature. (为了延续这一传统，41岁时装设计师玛丽·余一直在上打结纽扣制作技术的课程，她试图通过从中国历史和文学中汲取符号来更新旗袍的设计。)”可知，玛丽·余尝试通过从中国历史和文学中汲取灵感来赋予旗袍新的生命。故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“To carry on the tradition, fashion designer Mary Yu, 41, who has been attending classes teaching knot button-making techniques, is trying to renew the design of qipao by taking symbols from Chinese history and literature. (为了延续这一传统，41岁的时装设计师玛丽·余一直在上打结纽扣制作技术的课程，她试图通过从中国历史和文学中汲取符号来更新旗袍的设计。)”可知，玛丽·余富有创新精神和激情。故选C。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“The Chinese fashion icon, qipao, was born a century ago in Shanghai. However, the dress made its way through history from the hands of old craftsmen and is deep-rooted in Chinese culture. (中国的时尚标志旗袍诞生于一个世纪前的上海。然而，这种连衣裙从古老的工匠手中走过了历史，并深深植根于中国文化。)”和第二段最后一句“Now, nobody is wearing them except on grand and happy occasions. (现在，除了在盛大和快乐的场合，没有人穿它们。)”可知，文章主要是讲41岁的时装设计师玛丽·余尝试赋予旗袍这一遗失的宝藏新的生命力。故选B。
C
Do you sometimes ignore your mom while chatting with friends? If you’re a teen, that’s fairly common. And a new study may explain why so many adolescents tune out their moms’ voices.
Science has shown that young children’s brains are well adapted to their mothers’ voices. But as children grow into teenagers, everything is changing. The latest research shows that teenagers’ brains are now more adapted to the voices of strangers than their own mothers. This is what Daniel Abrams explains, who is a neuroscientist at Stanford University School of Medicine in California.
Abrams and his colleagues already knew that younger kids’ brains respond more strongly to their moms’ voices than to a stranger’s. “In adolescence, we show the exact opposite of that,” Abrams says. For teens, these brain regions respond more to unfamiliar voices than to their moms’. This shift in what voice arouses interest most seems to happen between ages 13 and 14. That’s when teenagers are in the midst of puberty (青春期), a roughly decade-long transition to adulthood.
These areas in the adolescents’ brains don’t stop responding to their moms, Abrams says. It’s just that unfamiliar voices become more rewarding and worthy of attention. Here’s why: As kids grow up, they expand their social connections way beyond their family. So their brains need to begin paying more attention to that broader world.
“As we mature, our survival depends less and less on maternal (母亲的) support,” says Leslie Seltzer, a biological anthropologist at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. She was part of the team that carried out that 2011 study. Instead, she says, “We rely more and more on our peers — friends and others closer to our own age.”
Abrams said that although teenagers and their parents sometimes feel frustrated with missing information, it doesn’t matter. “This is the way the brain connects, and there is good reason.”
8. What do the underlined words “tune out” in Paragraph 1 mean?
A. Show respect to. B. Cooperate with. C. Pay little attention to. D. Sing in tune with.
9. How do teenagers behave differently from their childhood?
A. They are familiar to their mothers’ voices.
B. They are more excited hearing their mothers’ voices.
C. They respond more strongly to strangers’ voices than to their mothers’.
D. They deliberately ignore their mothers out of a desire to be independent.
10. Why is there a change in teenagers’ response to their moms’ voices?
A. Their brains just stop responding to their moms.
B. Their moms’ voices bring them a strong sense of frustration.
C. Their moms’ voices are no longer rewarding and worthy of attention.
D. Their brains need to pay more attention to social connections outside their family.
11. What does Abrams think of the change in family relations?
A. Disturbing. B. Inspiring. C. Insignificant. D. Disappointing.
【答案】8. C 9. C 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一项科学发现，即对于青少年来说，他们的大脑区域对不熟悉的声音的反应比对妈妈的声音的反应更大。
【8题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第一段“Do you sometimes ignore your mom while chatting with friends?(你有时会在和朋友聊天的时候忽略你的妈妈吗?如果你是青少年，这很常见)”可知，青少年在跟朋友聊天时会忽略妈妈的声音。因此可以推断出划线短语的含义与“ignore忽略”相近，即不太关注。故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“For teens, these brain regions respond more to unfamiliar voices than to their moms(对于青少年来说，这些大脑区域对不熟悉的声音的反应比对妈妈的声音的反应更大)”可知，与母亲的声音相比，青少年对陌生人的声音反应更强烈。故选C。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Here’s why: As kids grow up, they expand their social connections way beyond their family.(原因如下：随着孩子们成长，他们会将自己的社会关系扩展到家庭之外)”可知，青少年的大脑需要更多地关注家庭以外的社会关系，所以对妈妈声音的反应上会产生变化。故选D。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Abrams said that although teenagers and their parents sometimes feel frustrated with missing information, it doesn’t matter.(Abrams说，虽然青少年和他们的父母有时会因为不了解孩子的信息而感到沮丧，但这不重要)”可知，Abrams认为这一变化对家庭关系的影响是不重要的，即微不足道的。故选C。
D
Around half the people we consider our friends don’t consider us theirs in return, as recent research indicates. As with the famous finding that almost everyone thinks they’re in the top 50% of safe drivers, we can’t all be the ones with the right sense of who really likes us.
And if we’re struggling through life with such a wrong understanding of our social circles, what about all the other received wisdom about friendship’s importance?
It has been found that friends keep us physically healthy, alive for longer, less possibility of depression and more financially successful — but how much of that, especially when the research is based on self-reports, comes from those actually having friends, instead of those believing that they do?
Perhaps it shouldn’t be surprising to learn that, when it comes to friendship, we’re in the control of an ego-boosting misconception (自我膨胀的错误想法): that’s true in many sides of life. People with healthy self-esteem usually overestimate both their interpersonal skills and their control over events. Some psychologists find that mildly depressed people have an exacter grasp of their abilities than the non-depressed.
You needn’t react strongly to the thought that your “friends” might secretly not like you since this particular study focused on university students. It’s well-known that our social circles become smaller as we grow up, too often, especially in a friend-starved old age. But isn’t it possible that this decrease is better thought of as winnowing (筛选) the list of true friends, as we focus on those friendships that are actually reciprocated (回报), while we quit those who don’t treat us in the same way as we treat them?
There are certainly reasons to worry about a loneliness crisis among the elderly, but having only a few friends may not be good evidence for it. If I make it to my final years with only a handful of friendships, it’s not a sad state, because life has decreased them down to the ones that really count. I’d call it an efficient use of my remaining time.
12. Why does the author mention the famous finding in Paragraph 1?
A. To state that not all people judge their driving ability appropriately.
B. To illustrate that humans can’t assess their friends properly.
C. To argue that we don’t understand social circles.
D. To emphasize the importance of friendship.
13. What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about?
A. Friendship is of great significance for our life.
B. Friendship may not be so easy to develop as it appears.
C. Previous research findings about friendship may be wrong.
D. Previous research on friendship is largely based on self-reports.
14. According to some psychologists, who have the best understanding of their own abilities?
A. Those with high self-esteem. B. Those with severe depression.
C. Those with slight depression. D. Those with healthy self-esteem.
15. What’s the author’s suggestion for the seniors in terms of friends?
A. It’s sad to have only a few friends.
B. It’s better to have a great many friends.
C. It’s essential to quit friends of less importance.
D. It’s totally acceptable to have just a few true friends.
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。一项研究表明，在我们认为是朋友的人中，大约有一半的人并不认为我们是他们的朋友。文章由此出发，认为有关友谊重要性的论断可能并不准确，而且随着年纪增长而缩小的朋友圈可以被更好地理解为筛选真朋友的过程，让我们得以专注于真正的友谊。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“As with the famous finding that almost everyone thinks they’re in the top 50% of safe drivers, we can’t all be the ones with the right sense of who really likes us. (正如一项著名的发现，几乎每个人都认为自己是安全驾驶员的前50%，我们不可能都是对谁真正喜欢我们有正确感觉的人。)”可知，著名的有关安全驾驶员的自我判断其实并不准确，因此作者提到这个发现是为了说明实际上人们也不能正确地评估朋友。故选B项。
【13题详解】
主旨落大意题。根据第三段“It has been found that friends keep us physically healthy, alive for longer, less possibility of depression and more financially successful — but how much of that, especially when the research is based on self-reports, comes from those actually having friends, instead of those believing that they do? (研究发现，朋友让我们身体健康、寿命更长、抑郁的可能性更小、经济上更成功——但其中有多少来自那些真正有朋友的人，而不是那些自认为有朋友的人，尤其是当这项研究基于自我报告的时候？)”可知，之前的基于自我报告的、很有可能来自那些自认为有朋友的人的有关友谊的研究得出的结论实际上可能并不准确，可能是错误的。故选C项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“Some psychologists find that mildly depressed people have an exacter grasp of their abilities than the non-depressed. (一些心理学家发现，轻度抑郁的人比没有抑郁的人更能准确地把握自己的能力。)”可知，有些心理学家认为轻度抑郁的人最了解自己的能力。故选C项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“If I make it to my final years with only a handful of friendships, it’s not a sad state, because life has decreased them down to the ones that really count. I’d call it an efficient use of my remaining time. (如果我在生命的最后几年里只有很少的友谊，那也不是一种悲伤的状态，因为生活已经把它们减少到了真正重要的那些。我认为这是对我剩余时间的有效利用。)”可知，作者认为老年阶段仅有的很少的友谊实际上是真正重要的那些，有利于有效利用剩余的生命。因此，作者会建议老年人坦然接受只有几个真正的朋友的事实。故选D项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题3分，满分15分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
I believe almost everyone would like two things from their jobs and careers: success and happiness. They want to do relatively well financially, receive fair recognition for their accomplishments, enjoy their work as much as one can, and become happier as a person as a result. So many people, especially ambitious, hard-working people, simplify them in a logical way: They first seek success and then assume that success will lead to happiness. ____16____. Chasing success has costs that can end up lowering happiness.
This is not to say that you have to choose between success and happiness. ____17____. But you have to reverse (颠倒) the order of operations: Instead of trying first to get success and hoping it leads to happiness, start by working on your happiness, which will enhance your success.
Whether you are an employee or employer, it is a better investment to increase happiness at work and in life, rather than simply trying to increase measures of success.
____18____. No matter how much you enjoy your work, overwork will become an obstruction (阻碍) to well-being.
Once work quantity is under control, happiness at work requires a sense of meaning and purpose. ____19____. Earned success implies a sense of accomplishment and recognition for a job well done, while service to others requires knowledge of the real people who benefit from your work.
Ultimately, although success and happiness are linked, the magic mostly works one-way — and not in the way that most people think. ____20____, and may lead you to unhappiness. But working on your happiness. gives you the best chance at getting both.
A. You can obtain both
B. But this reasoning is faulty
C. It’s fairly reasonable to think this way, though
D. Working on your success to get happier is inefficient at best (充其量)
E. The first thing to remember is that happiness requires balance
F. It’s dangerous to pursue success instead of happiness
G. The two key aspects of meaningful work are earned success and service to others
【答案】16. B 17. A 18. E 19. G 20. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。说明了成功和快乐的关系并非非此即彼，而是互为补充，要处理好二者关系。
【16题详解】
上文“They first seek success and then assume that success will lead to happiness.”（他们首先追求成功，然后便认为成功将会带来快乐。）说明了一些人的逻辑，与下文“Chasing success has costs that can end up lowering happiness.”（追求成功的代价可能是最终降低幸福感。）是对立的关系，说明上文的逻辑是错误的。B项“But this reasoning is faulty”（但是这种逻辑是错误的）承上启下，符合题意。故选B项。
【17题详解】
上文“This is not to say that you have to choose between success and happiness.”（这并不是说你不得不在成功与快乐之间做出选择。）说明成功和快乐并不是矛盾的，是可以兼得的。故A项“You can obtain both”（你可以二者兼得。）符合题意。故选A项。
【18题详解】
下文“No matter how much you enjoy your work, overwork will become an obstruction (阻碍) to well-being.”（无论你多么喜欢你的工作，超时工作都会变成快乐生活的阻碍。）说明快乐来自于喜欢，但要懂得适度和平衡，否则再喜欢的工作也会变成阻碍。与E项“The first thing to remember is that happiness requires balance”（要记住的第一件事就是快乐需要平衡）句意契合。故选E项。
【19题详解】
下文“Earned success implies a sense of accomplishment and recognition for a job well done, while service to others requires knowledge of the real people who benefit from your work.”（获得成功意味着成就感和对出色工作的认可，而服务他人意味着需要了解那些从你的工作中受益的人。）说明了“Earned success ”和“service to others”两方面的内容，与G项“The two key aspects of meaningful work are earned success and service to others”（有意义的工作的两个关键就是获得的成功和对他人的服务。）中两个关键一致。故选G项。
【20题详解】
下文“and may lead you to unhappiness”（可能会导致你不快乐）说明前面的事情是消极不好的做法。结合下句“But working on your happiness. gives you the best chance at getting both.”（但是致力于快乐，你会有机会二者兼得。）可知，前面的做法是与其相反的。故D项“Working on your success to get happier is inefficient at best”（致力于成功而得到的快乐是远远不够的。）符合题意。故选D项。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题2分，满30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
You never really know how you’ll react to an emergency situation until it happens to you. Many people ____21____ when things go wrong, but others instinctively know how to take charge. Thankfully for a group of students in Topsham, Maine, brothers Connor and Seamus fell into the ____22____ category. Connor and Seamus were riding the bus to school one morning when Connor saw the ____23____ Arthur suffer a medical emergency and fall onto the floor heavily. The bus went ____24____, heading to the ditch(渠) on the right. Connor who learnt how to drive knew ____25____ what he had to do.
“I rose and pressed on the brake and told my younger brother to call 911,” he said, recalling his thoughts in the moment. “I need to ____26____ this bus before it goes into the ditch.”
The teenager held the ____27____ while jamming his foot onto the brake. Meanwhile, Seamus dialed 911 immediately and then began to direct the other ____28____ to get off the bus quickly. All the while, he kept ____29____ and even paused to give a crying student a(n) _____30_____.
While Seamus handled the other kids, Connor and another student had just started giving Arthur CPR when the police arrived on the scene. Using a defibrillator(除颤器), they _____31_____ to get the victim’s heart beating again.
The brothers are being _____32_____ for their action. The police say they kept the situation under control and prevented anyone else getting _____33_____. “But for them, maybe we would have _____34_____ the best chance,” said Gomez, a policeman. “Thank them for _____35_____ and being heroes.”
21. A. complain B. panic C. accept D. escape
22. A. latter B. later C. former D. first
23. A. teacher B. driver C. coach D. passenger
24. A. out of control B. in flames C. out of water D. into pieces
25. A. directly B. constantly C. naturally D. instantly
26. A. identify B. drive C. record D. stop
27. A. seat B. ring C. wheel D. door
28. A. crew B. students C. customers D. police
29. A. still B. calm C. silent D. awake
30. A. hug B. nod C. applause D. laugh
31. A. happened B. determined C. managed D. attempted
32. A. praised B. rewarded C. criticized D. promoted
33. A. anxious B. lost C. upset D. hurt
34. A. forgot B. ignored C. missed D. skipped
35. A. showing up B. hanging out C. sticking around D. stepping up
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. B 24. A 25. D 26. D 27. C 28. B 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了公交车司机突发疾病致使全车人处于危险之中，Connor和Seamus两兄弟沉着冷静地帮助学生们脱离了危险，并及时救治了司机。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当出现问题时，许多人惊慌失措，但其他人本能地知道如何控制局面。A. complain抱怨；B. panic惊慌；C. accept接受；D. escape逃跑。根据下文“but others instinctively know how to take charge” 可知，前后文是转折关系，面对问题，一些人会惊慌，其他人本能地知道如何控制局面。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：值得庆幸的是，缅因州托普舍姆的Connor和Seamus兄弟属于后面这类。A. latter后者的；B. later较晚的；C. former前者的；D. first第一位的。根据文章的讲述可知，公交车司机突发疾病致使全车人处于危险之中，Connor和Seamus两兄弟沉着冷静地帮助学生们脱离了危险，可见他们属于后者，知道在出现紧急情况时，如何控制局面。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一天早上，Connor和Seamus乘坐公共汽车去上学，这时候突然Connor看到司机Arthur McDougall遭遇紧急医疗事故，重重地摔在地板上。A. teacher老师；B. driver司机；C. coach教练；D. passenger乘客。根据下文“The bus went ____4____, heading to the ditch(渠) on the right.”可知，是司机突发疾病，故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：公共汽车失去控制，朝着右边的沟渠开去。A. out of control控制；B. in flames熊熊燃烧；C. out of water缺水；D. into pieces成碎片。根据下文“heading to the ditch(渠) on the right”可知，公共汽车失去控制，故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：学会了如何开车的Connor马上就知道该怎么做了。 A. directly直接地；B. constantly不断地；C. naturally自然地；D. instantly立刻。根据下文“I rose and pressed on the brake and told my younger brother to call 911”可知，Connor站起来踩刹车，让兄弟拨打911，所以此处指他立即就知道该怎么做。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我得在这辆车掉到沟里之前把它停下来。A. identify认出；B. drive驾车；C. record记录；D. stop停靠；停止。根据下文“before it goes into the ditch”可知，要在车掉进沟里之前停车，故选D。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个少年一边握着方向盘，一边用脚猛踩刹车。A. seat座位；B. ring戒指；C. wheel(汽车、轮船等的）方向盘；D. door门。根据下文“while jamming his foot onto the brake”和上文这个青少年要停车可知，他一边抓着方向盘，一边猛踩刹车，故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，Seamus立即拨打了911，并开始指挥其他学生赶快下车。A. crew全体船员；B. students学生；C. customers顾客；D. police警察。根据下文“even paused to give a crying student”可知，车上是上学的学生，故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：始终，他保持冷静，甚至停下来拥抱哭泣的学生。A. still静止的；B. calm镇静的；C. silent沉默的；D. awake醒着的。根据前文“The teenager held the ____7____ while jamming his foot onto the brake.”以及他所做的其它的事情可知，面对危险，他非常镇静。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. hug拥抱；B. nod点头；C. applause鼓掌；D. laugh笑。根据上文“even paused to give a crying student”可知，Seamus非常镇静地处理一切，甚至停下来去拥抱哭着的学生，安慰他们。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过除颤器，他们成功地让受伤者的心脏恢复了跳动。A. happened发生；B. determined决定；C. managed设法做到；D. attempted努力。根据下文“to get the victim’s heart beating again”可知，他们用除颤仪成功让司机恢复了心跳。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这对兄弟因他们的行为而受到赞扬。A. praised表扬；B. rewarded奖励；奖赏；C. criticized批评；D. promoted促进。根据下文“Thank them for ____15____ and being heroes.”可知，这对兄弟受到表扬。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：警方表示，他们控制住了局势，防止了其他人受伤。A. anxious焦急的；B. lost迷茫的；C. upset失望的；D. hurt受伤的。根据前文“The police say they kept the situation under control”可知，局面被控制住了，因此没有人受伤，故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Gomez，一个警察说：“要不是他们，也许我们会错过最好的机会。” A. forgot忘记；B. ignored忽视；C. missed错过；D. skipped跳过。根据下文“But for them”和下文“Thank them for ____15____ and being heroes.” 和两兄弟的指挥和救治很及时可知，如果不是他们及时地联系警察，警察的救援错过最后的控制局面的机会。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：感谢他们挺身而出，成为英雄。A. showing up出现；B. hanging out闲逛；C. sticking around徘徊；D. stepping up走向前去。根据前文“Connor who learnt how to drive knew ____5____ what he had to do.”可知，兄弟俩挺身而出救人，警察表扬他们是英雄，故选D。
第二节(共10小题;每小题2分，满分20分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Bird-watching has been included in a public benefit program “Park Classes” in Wuhan schools. ____36____(bury) in books and having little access to the outside world, many students don’t have the ____37____(little) idea of what nature really is.
This program is designed ____38____(raise) the awareness of environmental protection among school kids, ____39____ often feel greatly refreshed by appreciating the grace of the adorable creatures through cameras.
Among the selective courses ____40____(be) the restoration of small and micro wetlands. As for this course, what ____41____(need) is a lot of hands-on practice. Under the ____42____(guide) of their teachers, students are required to conduct research on a 500-square-meter wetland in the city parks. Focusing their attention ____43____ the wetland’s physical condition, they have recorded the number of plant and animal species to create a restoration plan. Thanks to their efforts, the biodiversity of the wetland has been ____44____(significant) improved.
“It’s very meaningful,” said Li Chenliang, _____45_____ eighth grader from this project. “I have gained a lot of knowledge that cannot be directly got from books. I should make full use of the city’s ecological advantages and get more chances to get closer to nature.”
【答案】36. Buried
37. least 38. to raise
39. who 40. is
41. is needed
42. guidance
43. on 44. significantly
45. an
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报导了观鸟已被纳入武汉学校的公益项目“公园课堂”，既让学生们了解了自然，又有利于环境保护。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：许多学生埋头于书本，很少接触到外面的世界，对大自然的真实面目一无所知。分析句子可知，空处作句子的状语，bury和many students逻辑上是被动关系，应用bury的过去分词形式buried，且空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Buried。
【37题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：许多学生埋头于书本，很少接触到外面的世界，对大自然的真实面目一无所知。根据句意可知，此处用固定短语not have the least idea of…，意为“对……一无所知，完全不知道”，空处应用little的最高级形式least构成该短语。故填least。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语冠词。句意：该项目旨在提高在校学生的环境保护意识，他们经常通过镜头欣赏可爱生物的优雅，从而感到精力充沛。此处用固定短语be designed to do sth.，意为“旨在做……”，空处应用raise的不定式形式to raise。故填to raise。
【39题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：该项目旨在提高在校学生的环境保护意识，他们经常通过镜头欣赏可爱生物的优雅，从而感到精力充沛。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词school kids进行补充说明，先行词指人，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who作引导词。故填who。
【40题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在选修课中有小型和微型湿地的恢复。分析句子可知，空处作句子的谓语，表示地点的介词短语Among the selective courses放在句首，引起句子完全倒装，主语是the restoration of small and micro wetlands，且句子在描述一般性的事实，时态应用一般现在时，空处应用is。故填is。
【41题详解】
考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：对于这门课程来说，所需要的是大量的动手实践。分析句子可知，空处作what引导的主语从句的谓语，句子在描述一般性的事实，时态应用一般现在时，need和主语what之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，what作主语，be动词应用is。故填is needed。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意：在老师的指导下，学生们需要在城市公园500平方米的湿地上进行研究。分析句子可知，空处被the限定，作Under的宾语，guide的名词形式guidance符合题意，是不可数名词，意为“指导”，构成固定短语under the guidance of…，意为“在……的指导下”。故填guidance。
【43题详解】
考查介词。句意：他们关注湿地的实际状况，记录了动植物物种的数量，以制定恢复计划。此处用固定短语focus one’s attention on…，意为“关注……”，空处应用介词on构成该短语。故填on。
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意：在他们的努力下，湿地的生物多样性得到了显著改善。分析句子可知，空处修饰动词improved，应用significant的副词形式significantly，意为“显著地”。故填significantly。
【45题详解】
考查冠词。句意：“这很有意义，”这个项目的一名八年级学生李晨亮说。分析句子可知，空处表示泛指，意为“一名，一位”，应用不定冠词，且eighth以元音音素开头，应用an。故填an。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 人生似一首交响乐，有高潮，有低谷，校园生活中总有一些瞬间令人难忘。假设你是李华，请你写一篇主题为“难忘的时刻”的演讲稿，在英语课堂上分享。内容主要包括：
1. 列举那些难忘的时刻；
2. 你的感悟与态度。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
Hello, everyone. It is my great honor to make a speech here. The topic of my speech is “Memorable Moments”. Like a musical symphony, life is composed of high and low moments, which are really memorable. As for my unforgettable moments, they are mostly about school life, such as becoming a boarder for the first time, being beset by failure in the exam or cultivating a priceless friendship.
Whatever the moments are, they are the inevitable growing pains and gains, reminding me of the meaningful school life. Therefore, I should cherish and embrace those moments actively. After all, each step I take is one more step forward to a stronger and better me.
That is all. Thank you!
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以“难忘的时刻”为主题写一篇演讲稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
发表演讲：make a speech→deliver a speech
由……构成：be composed of→be made up of
无论什么：whatever→no matter what
因此：therefore→as a result
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：As for my unforgettable moments, they are mostly about school life, such as becoming a boarder for the first time, being beset by failure in the exam or cultivating a priceless friendship.
拓展句：As for my unforgettable moments, they are mostly about school life, which include becoming a boarder for the first time, being beset by failure in the exam or cultivating a priceless friendship.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Like a musical symphony, life is composed of high and low moments, which are really memorable.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】Whatever the moments are, they are the inevitable growing pains and gains, reminding me of the meaningful school life.（运用了whatever引导的让步状语从句）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整短文。
What It Means to Serve
I didn’t continue college after graduation. I moved out of my family. With little work experience, I served as a waitress. But during the five years’ labor, I found myself burning calories running about only for a tip.
I had had enough so I moved to a smaller town hoping to pursue a college degree. I promised I would never serve people again - at least not in such way. It was time to serve myself. Luckily, I received a position as an afterschool program tutor at a local middle school, with the added benefit of completing English education degree. I had the opportunity to go big! The kid would need me - a role model and a trustworthy friend, I believed.
But my first day was welcomed by the students’ indifference (冷漠). The desks were messy and the whole room smelled of dirty gym socks. My excitement began to die down. I doubted whether the new job was a mistake. The playground activity was deafening while homework time was not much better. After my repeated persistence, they finally turned off the playground mode. But just a few minutes passed when I noticed two kids quarreling in the corner.
I supposed it was another little incident but one kid named Jeremy bothered me. He shouted at me for coming at him. And when I asked them to return to their seats, he slammed (用力摔) his backpack and grew mad as I tried to urge him to take the right attitude. “I don’t like you, homework and this afterschool program! All you guys do is yell at me. I’m never coming back.” he walked out of the classroom, slamming the door.
Naturally, I was so frustrated (挫败的). I wondered why I am here. Most kids disrespected me! I paused to take a deep breath. Then suddenly I thought to myself, “You said you would never serve people again, but you don’t understand what these kids really need.” At that moment, I remembered my middle-school life. I always had a poor attitude, never did my schoolwork, repeatedly got into fights, and disrespected my elders.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Realizing I was not different, I walked out into the hall and caught up with Jeremy.
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At that moment, my heart broke for this boy and his family life.
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【答案】Realizing I was not different, I walked out into the hall and caught up with Jeremy. “I’m sorry, Jeremy. Could I have a talk with you?” I said, trying to be calm and sincere. He turned around, looked at me for a moment and nodded, “OK”. “Jeremy, could you tell me what have happened to you?” I asked. Hesitantly, Jeremy began to share with me about his story. From what he said, I knew his mother was killed in a car accident three months before. Worse still, his father, who was in deep sorrow, lost his job at the same time. After that, his father became bad-tempered and often shouted at him, ignoring all his requests. As he told me what was happening, he began to cry.
At that moment, my heart broke for this boy and his family life. I gently hugged him and patted him on the back. Then I walked him home and encouraged him to face life in a positive way. After that, I often chatted with Jeremy and helped him deal with his troubles. I even paid a visit to his father several times. As time went by, Jeremy behaved better and better and smiles often appeared on his face. At the end of the program, Jeremy hugged me tightly and thanked me again and again. At that moment, I suddenly realized what it meant to serve --- Get to know a person from the bottom of your heart and give what he needs.
【解析】
【导语】本文以作者的经历为线索展开。作者高中毕业后，去做了一名服务员。五年之后，作者去一所中学担当了一个课外活动的老师。在第一堂课上，作者遇见了一个非常暴躁的学生—Jeremy。作者和Jeremy了解他的情况，了解了他悲惨的家庭生活。之后作者一直帮助Jeremy，并取得了成功。通过自己的经历，作者明白了为他人服务的真谛。
【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“意识到我没有什么不一样，我走出去进入大厅，赶上了Jeremy。”可知，第一段可描写作者和Jeremy聊天，了解他的情况的过程。
②由第二段首句内容“在那一刻，我为这个男孩和他的家庭生活心碎了。”可知，第二段可描写作者帮助Jeremy，鼓励他，并且最终获得成功的故事。
2. 续写线索：询问情况——Jeremy讲述家庭情况——了解情况——鼓励帮助——Jeremy转变——感悟
3.词汇激活：
行为类①一谈话：talk with sb. / chat with sb. / have a conversation ②同意：nod/agree
情绪类① 感谢：showing his appreciation/show his gratitude/be grateful ② 积极：positive attitude/act positively
【点睛】[高分句型1]I said, trying to be calm and sincere.（现在分词作状语）
[高分句型2] Worse still, his father, who was in deep sorrow, lost his job at the same time.（由关系代词who引导非限制性定语从句）