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2023年山东省枣庄市台儿庄区中考三模英语试题（含解析）
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这是一份2023年山东省枣庄市台儿庄区中考三模英语试题（含解析），共17页。试卷主要包含了完形填空，阅读单选，阅读判断，阅读还原7选5，语法填空，阅读回答问题，完成句子，小作文等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2023年山东省枣庄市台儿庄区中考三模英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、完形填空
I have two older brothers, Matt and Martin. They love me very much. Perhaps it is because I am the 1 child and the only sister they have.
Both Matt and Martin have thick and dark hair. They look alike (相像) with 2 short hairdos (发型) and big eyes. They are also very tan (晒黑的) because they enjoy outdoor 3 . For example, Matt likes football and Martin is a tennis player. They are much taller than me and I always have to look up when I 4 to them. They both love to 5 , so Mum often says that they could eat a horse.
Their personalities (性格) are very 6 . Matt is very active and lively. He often takes part in club activities and gets along 7 with people. He also likes to play jokes on others, especially Martin! Sometimes Mum is not very 8 with Matt because he plays so much and does not listen to his teachers carefully when he is in class.
Martin, on the other hand (另一方面), is the quiet one. He is less active than Matt, 9 he has a really close group of friends. He also does well in his 10 because he works very hard on his studies. Mum never has to worry about Martin.
1．A．fattest B．youngest C．rudest D．strongest
2．A．their B．our C．your D．her
3．A．trips B．picnics C．sports D．risks
4．A．talk B．write C．bow D．fly
5．A．sing B．eat C．laugh D．drive
6．A．important B．difficult C．dangerous D．different
7．A．loudly B．easily C．suddenly D．recently
8．A．nervous B．honest C．happy D．angry
9．A．whether B．if C．or D．but
10．A．exams B．hobbies C．interviews D．adventures
二、阅读单选
Day 1
Activities: On arrival, your guide will take you to your hotel and give you some tips on local restaurants. You can do some shopping nearby. The rest of the day is free.
Meals: dinner
Day 2
Activities: After breakfast, start at Tian’anmen Square, the world’s largest public square, and The Forbidden City, a living place for emperors of Ming and Qing dynasties. After lunch, visit the Temple of Heaven, where the emperors prayed. In the evening, enjoy a good show of Shaolin Kungfu.
Meals: three meals
Day 3
Activities: After breakfast, drive to the Great Wall. Besides, take a walk in the world’s biggest Olympic Park, like Bird’s Nest and Water Cube. Finally visit the Summer Palace, the most beautiful garden in China. Have a boat ride on the lake, enjoying the beautiful view.
Meals: three meals
Day 4
Activities: Free until you are to the airport. If time permits, you can go to the famous Xiushui Street (silk market). It is a good place to shop for Chinese goods and souvenirs.
Meals: breakfast
11．Which meal is served on the first day?
A．Breakfast. B．Lunch. C．Dinner. D．Three meals.
12．What can you visit on the second day?
A．The Great Wall and the Forbidden City.
B．The Temple of Heaven and the Great Wall.
C．Tian’anmen Square and the Summer Palace.
D．The Forbidden City and the Temple of Heaven.
13．The passage is most likely to be taken from _________.
A．a travel guide B．an instruction C．a newspaper D．an advertisement
Have you ever heard the phrase “You never get a second chance to make a first impression (印象)?” It may sound like an unusual piece of advice, but it is true―the first impression someone has of you when meeting you for the first time will probably influence how that person treats you or reacts to you in the future.
What is even more interesting is that the brain takes in all the information to create that first impression in about three seconds. When you meet someone for the first time, by the time you have stated your name or shaken hands, the other person has already formed (形成) an opinion about the kind of person you are.
So how do you make a good first impression? All things grown-ups tell you―such as being polite, and being well-dressed―are very important. However, the most important tool for making a good first impression is your face. Smiling, being responsive, and looking like you are happy will almost leave a positive (积极的) impression on people, especially those who do not know you. Most people, generally speaking, are ready to smile back when they are smiled at.
Furthermore, smiling and being in a positive mood help you to know and get a better understanding of new things. This means that you can possibly be friendlier to people you do not know and be more creative and able to solve problems more quickly. So if you ever need a reason to be happy, think about the wonderful people you might meet ― and impress with a cheerful smile.
14．What does the underlined word “reacts” in paragraph (段) 1 probably mean in Chinese?
A．回应 B．道歉 C．报告 D．建议
15．Which paragraph shows how soon (多久) others form (形成) opinions on you?
A．Paragraph 1. B．Paragraph 2. C．Paragraph 3. D．Paragraph 4.
16．What is the most important to leave good impressions?
A．Shaking hands. B．Stating your name. C．Dressing nicely. D．Wearing a smile.
三、阅读判断
读下面的文章，然后判断文章后面小题，正确的答案写T，错误的答案写F。
One day, I happened to meet an Englishman in the street and soon we began to talk. As I was talking about how I was studying English, the foreigner (外国人) seemed to be very surprised, gently shaking his head and saying, “You don’t say! You don’t say!” I was puzzled (困惑的), and I thought, “Perhaps this is not a right thing to talk about.” So I said to him, “Well, shall we talk about the Great Wall? Have you ever been there?”
“Certainly. When I’m back home, everyone will laugh at me if I leave here without seeing it. The Great Wall is wonderful!” “Yes, it is one of the wonders in the world. And people of many countries have come to visit it.” As I went on telling him more about it, he stopped me again, “You don’t say!”
I couldn’t help asking, “Why do you ask me not to talk about it?”
“Well, I didn’t ask you to do so.” he answered, greatly surprised.
“Didn’t you say ‘You don’t say!’?” I asked again.
Hearing this, the foreigner laughed loudly. He began to explain, “‘You don’t say!’ means ‘Really?’ Perhaps you know little about English idioms (习惯用语).”
Wow! How foolish I was! Since then, I have been careful with English idioms.
17．The foreigner didn’t want to listen to the writer to talk about how he was studying English.
18．The writer was puzzled because the foreigner knew the Great Wall very well.
19．The foreigner thought the Great Wall was wonderful.
20．When the foreigner used the idiom “You don’t say!”, he meant “Stop talking!”
四、阅读还原7选5
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入小题横线上的最佳选项。
Parents can be very important teachers in our lives. 21 Parents may be too close to their children emotionally (感情上). Sometimes they can only see their children through the eyes of a protector (保护者). 22 However, it might seem too dangerous for a parent.
Another problem is that parents may expect their children’s interests (兴趣) to be similar to their own. 23 But what if their child’s true love is art or writing, or car repair?
Parents usually want to pass on their values to their children. But should children always believe what their parents do? 24 But when they get older, they will have different ways of thinking.
The most important thing to realize is that we all have many teachers in our lives. Our parents teach us, our teachers teach us, and our friends teach us. 25 All of them are valuable.
A．If they love science, they may try to force their child to love science, too.
B．However, they are not always the best teachers.
C．Teachers are always ready to help their students.
D．Books, newspapers and televisions also teach us.
E．For example, a teacher might see a trip to a big city as a valuable experience.
F．When children are young, they believe that their parents are always right.
G．Some parents argue a lot at home.
五、语法填空
阅读下面材料并填空，有的答案要填入适当的内容，有的答案要用括号内单词的正确形式, 但每个答案不多于3个单词。把答案写在答题卡小题的横线上。
China is the home of tea. However, tea, the 26 (popular) drink in the world, was invented by accident. It is 27 (say) that Shen Nong discovered tea as a drink about 5000 years ago. One day Shen Nong was 28 (boil) drinking water over 29 open fire. Some 30 (leaf) from a tea plant fell into the water. It produced a nice smell so he 31 (taste) the brown water. It was quite delicious. So one of the world’s favorite drinks was invented. A few thousand years later, Lu Yu mentioned Shen Nong in Cha Jing. It describes how tea plants were grown and used 32 (make) tea. It is believed that tea 33 (bring) to Korea and Japan during the 6th and 7th centuries. In England, tea didn’t appear 34 around 1660. The tea trade 35 China to Western countries took place in the 19th century.
六、阅读回答问题
读下面的文章，请在答题卡每个题目下做简单的笔记。
Have you ever stayed up late one night? Did you feel tired the next day? Did you feel bad-tempered? It is because your body missed its sleep! So why does a good night’s sleep make you feel better?
Scientists have studied sleep to find the answer to this question. They have found some different reasons.
First, sleep helps your body stay healthy. Even though you are sleeping, your body is still active. Sleep gives your body a chance to repair itself.
Sleep also helps your body to rest. How? Your body does not need as much energy when it slows down. The beat of your heart and your breathing rate become slower, which lowers your body’s energy level. Your body needs rest after a busy day.
Sleep is important for your brain too. During the day your brain gathers information. At night while you are sleeping, your brain reviews everything that you did during the day. It saves some of your experiences so you can remember them. Some scientists think all this reviewing causes you to dream.
What happens if you do not have enough sleep? People who miss too much sleep have trouble paying attention. They make more mistakes in their work. Scientists believe that people who miss more than three days of sleep may become sick and even start seeing something that is not really there.
Students need between 8 and 10 hours of sleep each night. What can you do to help give your body a good night’s sleep?
Ways to help you sleep.
♦Run and play outside during the day.
♦Drink a glass of milk before going to bed.
♦Go to bed on time.
♦Read a book in bed.
♦Have a dark, quiet room.
Following these steps and you will begin to feel relaxed and happy. Nothing else will help your body like a good night’s sleep.
36．The main idea of the passage:
37．List (列举) one reason why a good night’s sleep makes you feel better:
38．List two problems that happen if you don’t have enough sleep:
39．The number of ways to help you sleep according to the passage:
40．Write one of your own way to help you sleep:
七、完成句子
41．How long does it get to school?
花费多长时间到校？
42．What do you talk shows?
你认为脱口秀怎么样？
43．I wonder they have the races again next year.
我想知道明年他们是否会再有比赛。
44． are those yellow trousers?
那些黄色的裤子多少钱？
45．My life a lot in the last few years.
在过去的几年里，我的生活发生了很大变化。
八、小作文
46．读下面的文章。请根据问题提示，尽可能用自己的话写出大意总结。词数不少于60，不多于80词，把答案写在答题卡上相应位置。
Up to 65 % of children don’t get as much sleep as they should do, and this can make them nervous and slower at school, scientists say.
So how long should young people sleep each night? The answer is between eight and ten hours. If you don’t get enough sleep at night, you’ll have less energy the next day.
But the scientists say many children have missed out on 4,500 hours of sleep by the time they are seven years old. They say that children miss sleep because they have TVs and computers in their rooms, and busy parents don’t read to their younger children at night any more. The traditional “bedtime story” helps children to relax and fall asleep peacefully. Children with TVs and computers in their bedrooms are more likely to sleep badly, and to get less than eight hours’ sleep. Even losing one hour’s sleep a night can mean that children do less well at school.
German scientists think that your brain keeps working while you are asleep. To show that they were right, they gave two groups of people a problem to work out. One group went to sleep, and the other group stayed awake. The result? The people who slept worked out the answer more quickly. This showed that their brains had been trying to find the answer while the people were asleep. So, make sure you get enough sleep tonight, and you’ll be at your best tonight, and you’ll be at your best tomorrow!
1. What problem do more than a half of students have?
2. What influences many children’s sleep?
3. What did the German scientists’ experiment show?
4. What is the purpose of the writer in writing the article?
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
九、材料作文
47．近年来我国的发展世人瞩目，中国传统文化正越来越受到各国朋友的关注。请根据提示，以“The Spring Festival”为题写一篇短文，向外国朋友介绍我国的春节。
内容要点：
1.春节是中国农历年（the lunar year）的第一天；
2.春节前：准备（prepare）食物，打扫卫生，装饰（decorate）房子；
3. 除夕（On Chinese New Year’s Eve）：家人团圆（get together）、吃年夜饭（big dinner）、放鞭炮（set off fire crackers）；
4.大年初一（the first day）：穿新衣（put on new clothes），向父母拜年（greet parents），收压岁钱（get lucky money）。
要求：
1. 字迹工整、规范；
2. 词数80-100，已经给出的部分不计入总词数；
3. 根据所给内容要点及参考词汇，可适当发挥。
The Spring Festival
In China, the Spring Festival is
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1．B 2．A 3．C 4．A 5．B 6．D 7．B 8．C 9．D 10．A
【分析】本文介绍了作者的两位哥哥——马丁和马特长得很像，但是性格却不同，马特很活跃并且爱玩，上课不仔细听老师讲课，而马丁比较安静，学习很努力。
1．句意：或许因为我是最小的孩子，并且是他们唯一的妹妹。
fattest最胖的；youngest最幼小的；rudest最粗鲁的；strongest最强壮的。根据I have two older brothers，可知，作者在家里是最小的孩子，所以空格处填youngest。故选B。
2．句意：他们的短发和大眼睛让他们看起来很像。
their他们的；our我们的；your你的；her她的。根据They look alike，可知，马特和马丁都有短发和大眼睛，所以看起来很像，故空格处填their。故选A。
3．句意：因为他们都喜欢户外运动，所以他们也晒得很黑。
trips旅行；picnics野餐；sports运动；risks风险。根据For example, Matt likes football and Martin is a tennis player，由足球和网球可知，他们都喜欢户外运动，因此晒得很黑，所以空格处填sports。故选C。
4．句意：他们比我高，当我跟他们说话时，我总是要仰望。
talk说话；write写；bow鞠躬；fly飞。根据They are much taller than me and I always have to look up，可知，哥哥们比作者高，作者在跟他们“说话”时需要仰望着他们，其他动作不需要看着对方，fly飞不符合逻辑，所以空格处填talk。故选A。
5．句意：他们都喜欢吃，所以妈妈经常说他们总是非常饿。
sing唱歌；eat吃；laugh笑；drive开车。根据so Mum often says that they could eat a horse，由妈妈说他们总是非常饿可知，他们都喜欢吃，故空格处填eat。故选B。
6．句意：他们的性格非常不同。
important重要的；difficult困难的；dangerous危险的；different不同的。根据Matt is very active and lively及Martin, on the other hand, is the quiet one，可知，马特非常活泼，而马丁比较安静，由此可见，他俩的性格是不同的，所以空格处填different。故选D。
7．句意：他经常参加俱乐部活动，很容易与人相处。
loudly大声地；easily容易地；suddenly突然；recently最近。根据Matt is very active and lively. He often takes part in club activities，可知，他非常活泼，又经常参加俱乐部活动，所以很容易跟人相处，故空格处填easily。故选B。
8．句意：有时妈妈对马特不满意，因为他玩得太多，上课时不仔细听老师讲课。
nervous紧张的；honest诚实的；happy高兴的；angry生气的。根据because he plays so much and does not listen to his teachers carefully when he is in class，可知，马特上课不仔细听老师讲课，所以妈妈对他不满意，固定搭配：be happy with“对……感到满意”，故空格处填happy。故选C。
9．句意：他没有马特活跃，但是他有一群非常亲密的朋友。
whether是否；if如果；or或者；but但是。根据He is less active than Matt及he has a really close group of friends，可知，虽然马丁没有马特那么活跃，但是他有一群非常亲密的朋友，后文表转折，所以空格处填but。故选D。
10．句意：他考试考得很好，因为在学习上他很努力。
exams考试；hobbies爱好；interviews面试；adventures冒险。根据because he works very hard on his studies，可知，他学习很努力，所以考试考得很好，故空格处填exams。故选A。
11．C 12．D 13．A
【导语】本文是一个旅游团四天的行程安排。
11．细节理解题。根据“Day 1 Meals: dinner”可知，第一天有晚餐服务。故选C。
12．细节理解题。根据“Day 2 start at Tian’anmen Square...and The Forbidden City... After lunch, visit the Temple of Heaven”可知，第二天游览天安门广场、紫禁城和天坛，D项属于其中。故选D。
13．推理判断题。本文是一个旅游团四天的行程安排，最可能出自旅行指南。故选A。
14．A 15．B 16．D
【导语】本文介绍了别人对你的第一印象很可能会影响到他对你未来的态度，说明第一印象的重要性。
14．词句猜测题。根据“the first impression someone has of you when meeting you for the first time will probably influence how that person treats you or reacts to you in the future.”可知，第一印象会影响人们未来如何对待你，可以推测如何对待你就会如何回应你，因此reacts表示“回应，反应”。故选A。
15．推理判断题。根据“When you meet someone for the first time, by the time you have stated your name or shaken hands, the other person has already formed (形成) an opinion about the kind of person you are.”可知，第一次见面，当你说出名字以及握手时，对方就可以形成对你的看法。因此第二段表明了多快可以形成对你的看法。故选B。
16．细节理解题。根据“However, the most important tool for making a good first impression is your face. Smiling, being responsive, and looking like you are happy will almost leave a positive (积极的) impression on people”可知，留下好印象最重要的是要面带微笑。故选D。
17．F 18．F 19．T 20．F
【导语】本文主要讲述了作者因为语言差异引起的小误会。
17．推理判断题。根据“‘You don’t say!’ means ‘Really?’ Perhaps you know little about English idioms (习惯用语).”可知，外国人不是不想听作者谈论他是如何学习英语的，故填F。
18．细节理解题。根据“I was puzzled (困惑的), and I thought, ‘Perhaps this is not a right thing to talk about.’”可知，作者很困惑以为这个外国人不让他说学习英语的事，故填F。
19．细节理解题。根据“The Great Wall is wonderful!”可知，外国人觉得长城很棒，故填T。
20．细节理解题。根据“‘You don’t say!’ means ‘Really?’”可知，“You don’t say!”意思是“真的吗？”故填F。
21．B 22．E 23．A 24．F 25．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了父母虽然是孩子们重要的老师，但也不总是最好的老师，因为有时父母期望孩子与之有相同的兴趣并且将自己的价值观强加给孩子。
21．根据 “Parents can be very important teachers in our lives. ” 以及 “Parents may be too close to their children emotionally (感情上). ” 可知，父母是我们生活中重要的老师，同时指出父母与孩子们在感情上太亲密，前后构成转折关系。选项B “然而，他们不总是最好的老师。” 起到承上启下的作用，符合语境。故选B。
22．根据 “However, it might seem too dangerous for a parent.” 可知，父母认为去大城市旅游太危险了。选项E “比如，老师可能会将去大城市旅游看作是一次宝贵的经历。” 与下文构成转折关系，将老师与父母进行对比，符合语境。故选E。
23．根据 “Another problem is that parents may expect their children’s interests (兴趣) to be similar to their own.” 可知，父母会期望自己的孩子有与他们相似的兴趣。选项A “如果他们喜欢科学，他们可能会努力迫使孩子也喜欢科学。” 是上文提到的观点的具体表现，符合语境。故选A。
24．根据 “But when they get older, they will have different ways of thinking.” 可知，当孩子们长大后，他们会有不同的思维方式。选项F “当孩子们还小时，他们会相信父母总是对的。” 与下文形成对比，符合语境。故选F。
25．根据 “Our parents teach us, our teachers teach us, and our friends teach us. ” 可知，我们的父母、老师以及朋友都会教给我们东西。选项D “书籍、报纸以及电视也会教给我们东西。” 与上文构成递进关系，进一步列举同类的事物，符合语境。故选D。
26．most popular 27．said 28．boiling 29．an 30．leaves 31．tasted 32．to make 33．was brought 34．until 35．from
【导语】本文主要介绍了茶的起源以及发展历史。
26．句意：然而，世界上最受欢迎的饮品茶是偶然被发明的。此处是"the+最高级+比较范围"，表示茶是世界上最受欢迎的饮品，popular最高级是most popular。故填most popular。
27．句意：据说大约5000年前神农发现了茶是一种饮品。It is said that…“据说……”，固定用法。故填said。
28．句意：有一天神农正在明火上煮水喝。此处be动词was与动词现在分词boiling构成过去进行时，表示过去某一时刻正在发生的动作。故填boiling。
29．句意：有一天神农正在明火上煮水喝。此处fire表示具体的火，是可数名词，open是元音音素开头的单词，冠词应用an。故填an。
30．句意：一些树叶从茶树上掉进水里。some后跟可数名词复数leaves。故填leaves。
31．句意：这产生了一种很好闻的气味，所以他尝了这种棕色的水。根据“produced”可知，时态是一般过去时，动词填过去式tasted。故填tasted。
32．句意：它描述了茶树是怎么生长的以及如何用来做茶的。be used to do sth“被用来做某事”，因此填不定式to make。故填to make。
33．句意：人们认为茶叶是在公元6世纪和7世纪被带到韩国和日本的。主语tea和bring存在被动关系，应使用被动语态，且根据“during the 6th and 7th centuries”可知，时态是一般过去时，因此此处使用一般过去时的被动语态，结构是was/were done，主语是不可数名词，系动词填was。故填was brought。
34．句意：在英国，直到1660年左右茶才出现。not…until…“直到……才”，固定用法。故填until。
35．句意：从中国到西方国家的茶叶贸易发生在19世纪。from…to…“从……到……”，固定搭配。故填from。
36．A good night’s sleep makes you feel better. / Nothing else will help your body like a good night’s sleep. / A good night’s sleep is good for you (your health). 37．Sleep helps your body stay healthy./ Sleep helps your body to rest./ Sleep is important for your brain. 38．We have trouble paying attention./ We make more mistakes in our work./ We may become sick and even start seeing something that is not really there. 39．Five/5. 40．开放性作答，言之有理即可。参考答案：I will listen to the light music to help me sleep.
【导语】本文主要介绍了良好的夜晚睡眠让人们感觉更好的原因以及帮助睡眠的方法。
36．根据“So why does a good night’s sleep make you feel better…Nothing else will help your body like a good night’s sleep.”可知，本文主要讲述了良好的夜晚睡眠能够让你感觉更好，同时对你的身体健康有好处。故填A good night’s sleep makes you feel better. / Nothing else will help your body like a good night’s sleep. / A good night’s sleep is good for you (your health).
37．根据“First, sleep helps your body stay healthy…Sleep also helps your body to rest…Sleep is important for your brain”可知，睡眠能帮助身体保持健康，可以帮助身体休息，同时对大脑还很重要。选择其中一种原因即可。故填Sleep helps your body stay healthy./ Sleep helps your body to rest./ Sleep is important for your brain.
38．根据“People who miss too much sleep have trouble paying attention. They make more mistakes in their work. Scientists believe that people who miss more than three days of sleep may become sick and even start seeing something that is not really there.”可知，睡眠不足会集中力有问题，工作容易出错，甚至有可能会变得虚弱，甚至开始看到一些并不存在的东西。选择其中两种问题即可。故填We have trouble paying attention./ We make more mistakes in our work./ We may become sick and even start seeing something that is not really there.
39．根据“Ways to help you sleep.♦Run and play outside during the day. ♦Drink a glass of milk before going to bed. ♦Go to bed on time.♦Read a book in bed.♦Have a dark, quiet room.”可知，文中提到了5中帮助睡眠的方法。故填Five/5.
40．开放性作答，言之有理即可。我会通过听轻音乐帮助自己睡眠。故填I will listen to the light music to help me sleep.
41． take to
【详解】it takes some time to do sth“花费时间做某事”，does是一般疑问句的助动词，后面跟动词原形take。故填take；to。
42． think of
【详解】think of“认为”，do是一般疑问句的助动词，后面动词用原形。故填think；of。
43． if/whether will
【详解】if/whether“是否”，此处引导宾语从句，根据“next year”可知，从句时态是一般将来时，此处是will do结构。故填if/whether；will。
44． How much
【详解】how much“多少钱”，固定搭配，位于句首首字母大写。故填How；much。
45． has changed
【详解】根据“in the last few years”可知，时态应用现在完成时，表示过去到现在的变化，结构是has/have done。主语是不可数名词，助动词用has，change“变化”，过去分词changed。故填has；changed。
46．例文
Young people need to sleep between eight and ten hours. But many children don’t have enough sleep. Some have TVs and computers in their rooms. They are more likely to sleep badly. German scientists’ experiment has showed that the people who slept well worked out the answer more quickly. So, make sure you get enough sleep tonight.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇说明文，为小作文；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”；
③提示：要求根据问题提示，总结文章的大意。
[写作步骤]
第一步，阐述儿童睡眠少这一现象及原因；
第二步，介绍德国科学家的实验结果表明了睡眠对学习工作的影响；
第三步，得出结论，应确保有足够的睡眠。
[亮点词汇]
①need to do sth需要做某事
②make sure确保
③work out解决
[高分句型]
①German scientists’ experiment has showed that the people who slept well worked out the answer more quickly.（that引导宾语从句，who引导定语从句）
②make sure you get enough sleep tonight.（make sure后跟宾语从句）
47．例文：
The Spring Festival
In China, the Spring festival is the first day of the lunar year. People usually start preparing for the festival before it comes. They prepare delicious food, and clean and decorate their homes. On Chinese New Year’s Eve, the family all get together for a big dinner. They set off crackers for good luck. On the first day of the lunar New Year, children put on their new clothes and greet their parents. They are very happy to get lucky money from them.
【详解】[总体分析]
① 题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
② 时态：时态为“一般现在时”；
③ 提示：根据所给提示完成写作，不能遗漏信息，可适当发挥。
[写作步骤]
第一步，介绍春节的日期；
第二步，具体介绍春节前的准备以及除夕当天的习俗；
第三步，介绍大年初一当天的习俗。
[亮点词汇]
①prepare for为……做准备
②get together聚在一起
③put on穿
[高分句型]
①People usually start preparing for the festival before it comes.（before引导的时间状语从句）
2023年山东省枣庄市台儿庄区中考三模英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、完形填空
I have two older brothers, Matt and Martin. They love me very much. Perhaps it is because I am the 1 child and the only sister they have.
Both Matt and Martin have thick and dark hair. They look alike (相像) with 2 short hairdos (发型) and big eyes. They are also very tan (晒黑的) because they enjoy outdoor 3 . For example, Matt likes football and Martin is a tennis player. They are much taller than me and I always have to look up when I 4 to them. They both love to 5 , so Mum often says that they could eat a horse.
Their personalities (性格) are very 6 . Matt is very active and lively. He often takes part in club activities and gets along 7 with people. He also likes to play jokes on others, especially Martin! Sometimes Mum is not very 8 with Matt because he plays so much and does not listen to his teachers carefully when he is in class.
Martin, on the other hand (另一方面), is the quiet one. He is less active than Matt, 9 he has a really close group of friends. He also does well in his 10 because he works very hard on his studies. Mum never has to worry about Martin.
1．A．fattest B．youngest C．rudest D．strongest
2．A．their B．our C．your D．her
3．A．trips B．picnics C．sports D．risks
4．A．talk B．write C．bow D．fly
5．A．sing B．eat C．laugh D．drive
6．A．important B．difficult C．dangerous D．different
7．A．loudly B．easily C．suddenly D．recently
8．A．nervous B．honest C．happy D．angry
9．A．whether B．if C．or D．but
10．A．exams B．hobbies C．interviews D．adventures
二、阅读单选
Day 1
Activities: On arrival, your guide will take you to your hotel and give you some tips on local restaurants. You can do some shopping nearby. The rest of the day is free.
Meals: dinner
Day 2
Activities: After breakfast, start at Tian’anmen Square, the world’s largest public square, and The Forbidden City, a living place for emperors of Ming and Qing dynasties. After lunch, visit the Temple of Heaven, where the emperors prayed. In the evening, enjoy a good show of Shaolin Kungfu.
Meals: three meals
Day 3
Activities: After breakfast, drive to the Great Wall. Besides, take a walk in the world’s biggest Olympic Park, like Bird’s Nest and Water Cube. Finally visit the Summer Palace, the most beautiful garden in China. Have a boat ride on the lake, enjoying the beautiful view.
Meals: three meals
Day 4
Activities: Free until you are to the airport. If time permits, you can go to the famous Xiushui Street (silk market). It is a good place to shop for Chinese goods and souvenirs.
Meals: breakfast
11．Which meal is served on the first day?
A．Breakfast. B．Lunch. C．Dinner. D．Three meals.
12．What can you visit on the second day?
A．The Great Wall and the Forbidden City.
B．The Temple of Heaven and the Great Wall.
C．Tian’anmen Square and the Summer Palace.
D．The Forbidden City and the Temple of Heaven.
13．The passage is most likely to be taken from _________.
A．a travel guide B．an instruction C．a newspaper D．an advertisement
Have you ever heard the phrase “You never get a second chance to make a first impression (印象)?” It may sound like an unusual piece of advice, but it is true―the first impression someone has of you when meeting you for the first time will probably influence how that person treats you or reacts to you in the future.
What is even more interesting is that the brain takes in all the information to create that first impression in about three seconds. When you meet someone for the first time, by the time you have stated your name or shaken hands, the other person has already formed (形成) an opinion about the kind of person you are.
So how do you make a good first impression? All things grown-ups tell you―such as being polite, and being well-dressed―are very important. However, the most important tool for making a good first impression is your face. Smiling, being responsive, and looking like you are happy will almost leave a positive (积极的) impression on people, especially those who do not know you. Most people, generally speaking, are ready to smile back when they are smiled at.
Furthermore, smiling and being in a positive mood help you to know and get a better understanding of new things. This means that you can possibly be friendlier to people you do not know and be more creative and able to solve problems more quickly. So if you ever need a reason to be happy, think about the wonderful people you might meet ― and impress with a cheerful smile.
14．What does the underlined word “reacts” in paragraph (段) 1 probably mean in Chinese?
A．回应 B．道歉 C．报告 D．建议
15．Which paragraph shows how soon (多久) others form (形成) opinions on you?
A．Paragraph 1. B．Paragraph 2. C．Paragraph 3. D．Paragraph 4.
16．What is the most important to leave good impressions?
A．Shaking hands. B．Stating your name. C．Dressing nicely. D．Wearing a smile.
三、阅读判断
读下面的文章，然后判断文章后面小题，正确的答案写T，错误的答案写F。
One day, I happened to meet an Englishman in the street and soon we began to talk. As I was talking about how I was studying English, the foreigner (外国人) seemed to be very surprised, gently shaking his head and saying, “You don’t say! You don’t say!” I was puzzled (困惑的), and I thought, “Perhaps this is not a right thing to talk about.” So I said to him, “Well, shall we talk about the Great Wall? Have you ever been there?”
“Certainly. When I’m back home, everyone will laugh at me if I leave here without seeing it. The Great Wall is wonderful!” “Yes, it is one of the wonders in the world. And people of many countries have come to visit it.” As I went on telling him more about it, he stopped me again, “You don’t say!”
I couldn’t help asking, “Why do you ask me not to talk about it?”
“Well, I didn’t ask you to do so.” he answered, greatly surprised.
“Didn’t you say ‘You don’t say!’?” I asked again.
Hearing this, the foreigner laughed loudly. He began to explain, “‘You don’t say!’ means ‘Really?’ Perhaps you know little about English idioms (习惯用语).”
Wow! How foolish I was! Since then, I have been careful with English idioms.
17．The foreigner didn’t want to listen to the writer to talk about how he was studying English.
18．The writer was puzzled because the foreigner knew the Great Wall very well.
19．The foreigner thought the Great Wall was wonderful.
20．When the foreigner used the idiom “You don’t say!”, he meant “Stop talking!”
四、阅读还原7选5
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入小题横线上的最佳选项。
Parents can be very important teachers in our lives. 21 Parents may be too close to their children emotionally (感情上). Sometimes they can only see their children through the eyes of a protector (保护者). 22 However, it might seem too dangerous for a parent.
Another problem is that parents may expect their children’s interests (兴趣) to be similar to their own. 23 But what if their child’s true love is art or writing, or car repair?
Parents usually want to pass on their values to their children. But should children always believe what their parents do? 24 But when they get older, they will have different ways of thinking.
The most important thing to realize is that we all have many teachers in our lives. Our parents teach us, our teachers teach us, and our friends teach us. 25 All of them are valuable.
A．If they love science, they may try to force their child to love science, too.
B．However, they are not always the best teachers.
C．Teachers are always ready to help their students.
D．Books, newspapers and televisions also teach us.
E．For example, a teacher might see a trip to a big city as a valuable experience.
F．When children are young, they believe that their parents are always right.
G．Some parents argue a lot at home.
五、语法填空
阅读下面材料并填空，有的答案要填入适当的内容，有的答案要用括号内单词的正确形式, 但每个答案不多于3个单词。把答案写在答题卡小题的横线上。
China is the home of tea. However, tea, the 26 (popular) drink in the world, was invented by accident. It is 27 (say) that Shen Nong discovered tea as a drink about 5000 years ago. One day Shen Nong was 28 (boil) drinking water over 29 open fire. Some 30 (leaf) from a tea plant fell into the water. It produced a nice smell so he 31 (taste) the brown water. It was quite delicious. So one of the world’s favorite drinks was invented. A few thousand years later, Lu Yu mentioned Shen Nong in Cha Jing. It describes how tea plants were grown and used 32 (make) tea. It is believed that tea 33 (bring) to Korea and Japan during the 6th and 7th centuries. In England, tea didn’t appear 34 around 1660. The tea trade 35 China to Western countries took place in the 19th century.
六、阅读回答问题
读下面的文章，请在答题卡每个题目下做简单的笔记。
Have you ever stayed up late one night? Did you feel tired the next day? Did you feel bad-tempered? It is because your body missed its sleep! So why does a good night’s sleep make you feel better?
Scientists have studied sleep to find the answer to this question. They have found some different reasons.
First, sleep helps your body stay healthy. Even though you are sleeping, your body is still active. Sleep gives your body a chance to repair itself.
Sleep also helps your body to rest. How? Your body does not need as much energy when it slows down. The beat of your heart and your breathing rate become slower, which lowers your body’s energy level. Your body needs rest after a busy day.
Sleep is important for your brain too. During the day your brain gathers information. At night while you are sleeping, your brain reviews everything that you did during the day. It saves some of your experiences so you can remember them. Some scientists think all this reviewing causes you to dream.
What happens if you do not have enough sleep? People who miss too much sleep have trouble paying attention. They make more mistakes in their work. Scientists believe that people who miss more than three days of sleep may become sick and even start seeing something that is not really there.
Students need between 8 and 10 hours of sleep each night. What can you do to help give your body a good night’s sleep?
Ways to help you sleep.
♦Run and play outside during the day.
♦Drink a glass of milk before going to bed.
♦Go to bed on time.
♦Read a book in bed.
♦Have a dark, quiet room.
Following these steps and you will begin to feel relaxed and happy. Nothing else will help your body like a good night’s sleep.
36．The main idea of the passage:
37．List (列举) one reason why a good night’s sleep makes you feel better:
38．List two problems that happen if you don’t have enough sleep:
39．The number of ways to help you sleep according to the passage:
40．Write one of your own way to help you sleep:
七、完成句子
41．How long does it get to school?
花费多长时间到校？
42．What do you talk shows?
你认为脱口秀怎么样？
43．I wonder they have the races again next year.
我想知道明年他们是否会再有比赛。
44． are those yellow trousers?
那些黄色的裤子多少钱？
45．My life a lot in the last few years.
在过去的几年里，我的生活发生了很大变化。
八、小作文
46．读下面的文章。请根据问题提示，尽可能用自己的话写出大意总结。词数不少于60，不多于80词，把答案写在答题卡上相应位置。
Up to 65 % of children don’t get as much sleep as they should do, and this can make them nervous and slower at school, scientists say.
So how long should young people sleep each night? The answer is between eight and ten hours. If you don’t get enough sleep at night, you’ll have less energy the next day.
But the scientists say many children have missed out on 4,500 hours of sleep by the time they are seven years old. They say that children miss sleep because they have TVs and computers in their rooms, and busy parents don’t read to their younger children at night any more. The traditional “bedtime story” helps children to relax and fall asleep peacefully. Children with TVs and computers in their bedrooms are more likely to sleep badly, and to get less than eight hours’ sleep. Even losing one hour’s sleep a night can mean that children do less well at school.
German scientists think that your brain keeps working while you are asleep. To show that they were right, they gave two groups of people a problem to work out. One group went to sleep, and the other group stayed awake. The result? The people who slept worked out the answer more quickly. This showed that their brains had been trying to find the answer while the people were asleep. So, make sure you get enough sleep tonight, and you’ll be at your best tonight, and you’ll be at your best tomorrow!
1. What problem do more than a half of students have?
2. What influences many children’s sleep?
3. What did the German scientists’ experiment show?
4. What is the purpose of the writer in writing the article?
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
九、材料作文
47．近年来我国的发展世人瞩目，中国传统文化正越来越受到各国朋友的关注。请根据提示，以“The Spring Festival”为题写一篇短文，向外国朋友介绍我国的春节。
内容要点：
1.春节是中国农历年（the lunar year）的第一天；
2.春节前：准备（prepare）食物，打扫卫生，装饰（decorate）房子；
3. 除夕（On Chinese New Year’s Eve）：家人团圆（get together）、吃年夜饭（big dinner）、放鞭炮（set off fire crackers）；
4.大年初一（the first day）：穿新衣（put on new clothes），向父母拜年（greet parents），收压岁钱（get lucky money）。
要求：
1. 字迹工整、规范；
2. 词数80-100，已经给出的部分不计入总词数；
3. 根据所给内容要点及参考词汇，可适当发挥。
The Spring Festival
In China, the Spring Festival is
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1．B 2．A 3．C 4．A 5．B 6．D 7．B 8．C 9．D 10．A
【分析】本文介绍了作者的两位哥哥——马丁和马特长得很像，但是性格却不同，马特很活跃并且爱玩，上课不仔细听老师讲课，而马丁比较安静，学习很努力。
1．句意：或许因为我是最小的孩子，并且是他们唯一的妹妹。
fattest最胖的；youngest最幼小的；rudest最粗鲁的；strongest最强壮的。根据I have two older brothers，可知，作者在家里是最小的孩子，所以空格处填youngest。故选B。
2．句意：他们的短发和大眼睛让他们看起来很像。
their他们的；our我们的；your你的；her她的。根据They look alike，可知，马特和马丁都有短发和大眼睛，所以看起来很像，故空格处填their。故选A。
3．句意：因为他们都喜欢户外运动，所以他们也晒得很黑。
trips旅行；picnics野餐；sports运动；risks风险。根据For example, Matt likes football and Martin is a tennis player，由足球和网球可知，他们都喜欢户外运动，因此晒得很黑，所以空格处填sports。故选C。
4．句意：他们比我高，当我跟他们说话时，我总是要仰望。
talk说话；write写；bow鞠躬；fly飞。根据They are much taller than me and I always have to look up，可知，哥哥们比作者高，作者在跟他们“说话”时需要仰望着他们，其他动作不需要看着对方，fly飞不符合逻辑，所以空格处填talk。故选A。
5．句意：他们都喜欢吃，所以妈妈经常说他们总是非常饿。
sing唱歌；eat吃；laugh笑；drive开车。根据so Mum often says that they could eat a horse，由妈妈说他们总是非常饿可知，他们都喜欢吃，故空格处填eat。故选B。
6．句意：他们的性格非常不同。
important重要的；difficult困难的；dangerous危险的；different不同的。根据Matt is very active and lively及Martin, on the other hand, is the quiet one，可知，马特非常活泼，而马丁比较安静，由此可见，他俩的性格是不同的，所以空格处填different。故选D。
7．句意：他经常参加俱乐部活动，很容易与人相处。
loudly大声地；easily容易地；suddenly突然；recently最近。根据Matt is very active and lively. He often takes part in club activities，可知，他非常活泼，又经常参加俱乐部活动，所以很容易跟人相处，故空格处填easily。故选B。
8．句意：有时妈妈对马特不满意，因为他玩得太多，上课时不仔细听老师讲课。
nervous紧张的；honest诚实的；happy高兴的；angry生气的。根据because he plays so much and does not listen to his teachers carefully when he is in class，可知，马特上课不仔细听老师讲课，所以妈妈对他不满意，固定搭配：be happy with“对……感到满意”，故空格处填happy。故选C。
9．句意：他没有马特活跃，但是他有一群非常亲密的朋友。
whether是否；if如果；or或者；but但是。根据He is less active than Matt及he has a really close group of friends，可知，虽然马丁没有马特那么活跃，但是他有一群非常亲密的朋友，后文表转折，所以空格处填but。故选D。
10．句意：他考试考得很好，因为在学习上他很努力。
exams考试；hobbies爱好；interviews面试；adventures冒险。根据because he works very hard on his studies，可知，他学习很努力，所以考试考得很好，故空格处填exams。故选A。
11．C 12．D 13．A
【导语】本文是一个旅游团四天的行程安排。
11．细节理解题。根据“Day 1 Meals: dinner”可知，第一天有晚餐服务。故选C。
12．细节理解题。根据“Day 2 start at Tian’anmen Square...and The Forbidden City... After lunch, visit the Temple of Heaven”可知，第二天游览天安门广场、紫禁城和天坛，D项属于其中。故选D。
13．推理判断题。本文是一个旅游团四天的行程安排，最可能出自旅行指南。故选A。
14．A 15．B 16．D
【导语】本文介绍了别人对你的第一印象很可能会影响到他对你未来的态度，说明第一印象的重要性。
14．词句猜测题。根据“the first impression someone has of you when meeting you for the first time will probably influence how that person treats you or reacts to you in the future.”可知，第一印象会影响人们未来如何对待你，可以推测如何对待你就会如何回应你，因此reacts表示“回应，反应”。故选A。
15．推理判断题。根据“When you meet someone for the first time, by the time you have stated your name or shaken hands, the other person has already formed (形成) an opinion about the kind of person you are.”可知，第一次见面，当你说出名字以及握手时，对方就可以形成对你的看法。因此第二段表明了多快可以形成对你的看法。故选B。
16．细节理解题。根据“However, the most important tool for making a good first impression is your face. Smiling, being responsive, and looking like you are happy will almost leave a positive (积极的) impression on people”可知，留下好印象最重要的是要面带微笑。故选D。
17．F 18．F 19．T 20．F
【导语】本文主要讲述了作者因为语言差异引起的小误会。
17．推理判断题。根据“‘You don’t say!’ means ‘Really?’ Perhaps you know little about English idioms (习惯用语).”可知，外国人不是不想听作者谈论他是如何学习英语的，故填F。
18．细节理解题。根据“I was puzzled (困惑的), and I thought, ‘Perhaps this is not a right thing to talk about.’”可知，作者很困惑以为这个外国人不让他说学习英语的事，故填F。
19．细节理解题。根据“The Great Wall is wonderful!”可知，外国人觉得长城很棒，故填T。
20．细节理解题。根据“‘You don’t say!’ means ‘Really?’”可知，“You don’t say!”意思是“真的吗？”故填F。
21．B 22．E 23．A 24．F 25．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了父母虽然是孩子们重要的老师，但也不总是最好的老师，因为有时父母期望孩子与之有相同的兴趣并且将自己的价值观强加给孩子。
21．根据 “Parents can be very important teachers in our lives. ” 以及 “Parents may be too close to their children emotionally (感情上). ” 可知，父母是我们生活中重要的老师，同时指出父母与孩子们在感情上太亲密，前后构成转折关系。选项B “然而，他们不总是最好的老师。” 起到承上启下的作用，符合语境。故选B。
22．根据 “However, it might seem too dangerous for a parent.” 可知，父母认为去大城市旅游太危险了。选项E “比如，老师可能会将去大城市旅游看作是一次宝贵的经历。” 与下文构成转折关系，将老师与父母进行对比，符合语境。故选E。
23．根据 “Another problem is that parents may expect their children’s interests (兴趣) to be similar to their own.” 可知，父母会期望自己的孩子有与他们相似的兴趣。选项A “如果他们喜欢科学，他们可能会努力迫使孩子也喜欢科学。” 是上文提到的观点的具体表现，符合语境。故选A。
24．根据 “But when they get older, they will have different ways of thinking.” 可知，当孩子们长大后，他们会有不同的思维方式。选项F “当孩子们还小时，他们会相信父母总是对的。” 与下文形成对比，符合语境。故选F。
25．根据 “Our parents teach us, our teachers teach us, and our friends teach us. ” 可知，我们的父母、老师以及朋友都会教给我们东西。选项D “书籍、报纸以及电视也会教给我们东西。” 与上文构成递进关系，进一步列举同类的事物，符合语境。故选D。
26．most popular 27．said 28．boiling 29．an 30．leaves 31．tasted 32．to make 33．was brought 34．until 35．from
【导语】本文主要介绍了茶的起源以及发展历史。
26．句意：然而，世界上最受欢迎的饮品茶是偶然被发明的。此处是"the+最高级+比较范围"，表示茶是世界上最受欢迎的饮品，popular最高级是most popular。故填most popular。
27．句意：据说大约5000年前神农发现了茶是一种饮品。It is said that…“据说……”，固定用法。故填said。
28．句意：有一天神农正在明火上煮水喝。此处be动词was与动词现在分词boiling构成过去进行时，表示过去某一时刻正在发生的动作。故填boiling。
29．句意：有一天神农正在明火上煮水喝。此处fire表示具体的火，是可数名词，open是元音音素开头的单词，冠词应用an。故填an。
30．句意：一些树叶从茶树上掉进水里。some后跟可数名词复数leaves。故填leaves。
31．句意：这产生了一种很好闻的气味，所以他尝了这种棕色的水。根据“produced”可知，时态是一般过去时，动词填过去式tasted。故填tasted。
32．句意：它描述了茶树是怎么生长的以及如何用来做茶的。be used to do sth“被用来做某事”，因此填不定式to make。故填to make。
33．句意：人们认为茶叶是在公元6世纪和7世纪被带到韩国和日本的。主语tea和bring存在被动关系，应使用被动语态，且根据“during the 6th and 7th centuries”可知，时态是一般过去时，因此此处使用一般过去时的被动语态，结构是was/were done，主语是不可数名词，系动词填was。故填was brought。
34．句意：在英国，直到1660年左右茶才出现。not…until…“直到……才”，固定用法。故填until。
35．句意：从中国到西方国家的茶叶贸易发生在19世纪。from…to…“从……到……”，固定搭配。故填from。
36．A good night’s sleep makes you feel better. / Nothing else will help your body like a good night’s sleep. / A good night’s sleep is good for you (your health). 37．Sleep helps your body stay healthy./ Sleep helps your body to rest./ Sleep is important for your brain. 38．We have trouble paying attention./ We make more mistakes in our work./ We may become sick and even start seeing something that is not really there. 39．Five/5. 40．开放性作答，言之有理即可。参考答案：I will listen to the light music to help me sleep.
【导语】本文主要介绍了良好的夜晚睡眠让人们感觉更好的原因以及帮助睡眠的方法。
36．根据“So why does a good night’s sleep make you feel better…Nothing else will help your body like a good night’s sleep.”可知，本文主要讲述了良好的夜晚睡眠能够让你感觉更好，同时对你的身体健康有好处。故填A good night’s sleep makes you feel better. / Nothing else will help your body like a good night’s sleep. / A good night’s sleep is good for you (your health).
37．根据“First, sleep helps your body stay healthy…Sleep also helps your body to rest…Sleep is important for your brain”可知，睡眠能帮助身体保持健康，可以帮助身体休息，同时对大脑还很重要。选择其中一种原因即可。故填Sleep helps your body stay healthy./ Sleep helps your body to rest./ Sleep is important for your brain.
38．根据“People who miss too much sleep have trouble paying attention. They make more mistakes in their work. Scientists believe that people who miss more than three days of sleep may become sick and even start seeing something that is not really there.”可知，睡眠不足会集中力有问题，工作容易出错，甚至有可能会变得虚弱，甚至开始看到一些并不存在的东西。选择其中两种问题即可。故填We have trouble paying attention./ We make more mistakes in our work./ We may become sick and even start seeing something that is not really there.
39．根据“Ways to help you sleep.♦Run and play outside during the day. ♦Drink a glass of milk before going to bed. ♦Go to bed on time.♦Read a book in bed.♦Have a dark, quiet room.”可知，文中提到了5中帮助睡眠的方法。故填Five/5.
40．开放性作答，言之有理即可。我会通过听轻音乐帮助自己睡眠。故填I will listen to the light music to help me sleep.
41． take to
【详解】it takes some time to do sth“花费时间做某事”，does是一般疑问句的助动词，后面跟动词原形take。故填take；to。
42． think of
【详解】think of“认为”，do是一般疑问句的助动词，后面动词用原形。故填think；of。
43． if/whether will
【详解】if/whether“是否”，此处引导宾语从句，根据“next year”可知，从句时态是一般将来时，此处是will do结构。故填if/whether；will。
44． How much
【详解】how much“多少钱”，固定搭配，位于句首首字母大写。故填How；much。
45． has changed
【详解】根据“in the last few years”可知，时态应用现在完成时，表示过去到现在的变化，结构是has/have done。主语是不可数名词，助动词用has，change“变化”，过去分词changed。故填has；changed。
46．例文
Young people need to sleep between eight and ten hours. But many children don’t have enough sleep. Some have TVs and computers in their rooms. They are more likely to sleep badly. German scientists’ experiment has showed that the people who slept well worked out the answer more quickly. So, make sure you get enough sleep tonight.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇说明文，为小作文；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”；
③提示：要求根据问题提示，总结文章的大意。
[写作步骤]
第一步，阐述儿童睡眠少这一现象及原因；
第二步，介绍德国科学家的实验结果表明了睡眠对学习工作的影响；
第三步，得出结论，应确保有足够的睡眠。
[亮点词汇]
①need to do sth需要做某事
②make sure确保
③work out解决
[高分句型]
①German scientists’ experiment has showed that the people who slept well worked out the answer more quickly.（that引导宾语从句，who引导定语从句）
②make sure you get enough sleep tonight.（make sure后跟宾语从句）
47．例文：
The Spring Festival
In China, the Spring festival is the first day of the lunar year. People usually start preparing for the festival before it comes. They prepare delicious food, and clean and decorate their homes. On Chinese New Year’s Eve, the family all get together for a big dinner. They set off crackers for good luck. On the first day of the lunar New Year, children put on their new clothes and greet their parents. They are very happy to get lucky money from them.
【详解】[总体分析]
① 题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
② 时态：时态为“一般现在时”；
③ 提示：根据所给提示完成写作，不能遗漏信息，可适当发挥。
[写作步骤]
第一步，介绍春节的日期；
第二步，具体介绍春节前的准备以及除夕当天的习俗；
第三步，介绍大年初一当天的习俗。
[亮点词汇]
①prepare for为……做准备
②get together聚在一起
③put on穿
[高分句型]
①People usually start preparing for the festival before it comes.（before引导的时间状语从句）
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