2023年中考英语真题分类汇编——专题23 词汇运用 考点4 选词填空(全国通用)
展开专题11 词汇运用 考点4 选词填空
(2023·浙江丽水·统考中考真题)
用方框中所给词语的适当形式填空。每词限用一次。
anybody recycle sad widely by accident
1.Chinese food is ________ known and enjoyed all around the world.
2.A true friend is someone you can always share happiness and ________ with.
3.Scorates once said, “I cannot teach ________ anything. I can only make them think.”
4.Christopher Columbus discovered the “New World” of the Americas ________ in 1492.
5.Most of the rubbish in this town ________ every day through a rainbow recycling system.
【答案】1.widely 2.sadness 3.anybody 4.by accident 5.is recycled
【解析】1.句意:中国食物在全世界都很有名,也很受欢迎。根据“Chinese food is...known”可知中国菜在全世界广为知晓,widely known“广为知晓”。故填widely。
2.句意:一个真正的朋友是一个你可以分享快乐和悲伤的人。根据“share happiness and”可知是分享快乐和悲伤,此处用名词sadness“悲伤”。故填sadness。
3.句意:苏格拉底曾经说过:“我不能教任何人任何东西。我只能让他们思考。”根据“I cannot teach...anything”可知是不能教任何人任何东西,否定句中用anybody“任何人”。故填anybody。
4.句意:克里斯托弗·哥伦布于1492年偶然发现了美洲“新大陆”。根据“discovered the ‘New World’ of the Americas”可知是偶然发现的“新大陆”,by accident“偶然”。故填by accident。
5.句意:这个城镇的大部分垃圾每天都通过彩虹回收系统进行回收。根据“Most of the rubbish in this town”可知大部分的垃圾被回收,且根据“every day”可知句子用一般现在时的被动语态be done,主语是不可数名词,be动词用is;recycle的过去分词为recycled。故填is recycled。
(2023·湖北武汉·统考中考真题)
仔细阅读下面五个句子,然后用下面方框中所给的单词或短语填空,使每个句子在结构、句义和逻辑上正确。(提示:方框中有两个单词或短语是多余的。)
dress up/business/clever/protect/strong/take off/hold
6.The ancient emperors built the Great Wall to _________ their country.
7.I get such a _________ feeling of satisfaction when I see the animals get better.
8.Hometowns are the places that _________ all the best memories in childhood.
9.In many countries, you should _________ your gloves before shaking hands.
10.Li Xin set up a _________ to make beautiful art works by using materials from old cars.
【答案】6.protect 7.strong 8.hold 9.take off 10.business
【解析】6.句意:古代皇帝修建长城是为了保护他们的国土。根据“The ancient emperors built the Great Wall to...their part of the country.”可知修建长城是为了保护国土,protect“保护”,不定式to后加动词原形。故填protect。
7.句意:当我看到动物们变得越来越好时,我有一种强烈的满足感。根据“a...feeling of satisfaction when I see the animals get better.”及所给单词,strong“强烈的”,修饰feeling,符合语境。故填strong。
8.句意:故乡是拥有所有美好童年记忆的地方。根据“Hometowns are the places that...all the best childhood memories.”可知家乡是拥有美好记忆的地方,hold“持有”,此处是一般现在时,主语that指代名词复数places,谓语动词使用原形即可。故填hold。
9.句意:在许多国家,握手前应该摘下手套。根据“you should...your gloves before shaking hands.”可知应该是脱下手套再握手,take off“脱下”,情态动词should后加动词原形。故填take off。
10.句意:李欣创办了一家公司,用旧汽车的材料制作美丽的艺术品。根据“set up a...to make beautiful art works by using materials from old cars.”及所给单词,可知是创办了一家公司,business“公司,商业”,符合语境。故填business。
(2023·浙江台州·统考中考真题)
用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空,每词仅用一次。
protect without greet wisely nothing
11.___________ is a waste if you have a creative mind.
12.Don’t worry, I’m sure you can make your choice ___________.
13.Mr. Watson ___________ all the guests warmly as they arrived yesterday morning.
14.It’s raining outside, You need warm clothes to ____________ you against the cold.
15.__________ doubt, the Chinese are the ones who best understand the beauty of Peking opera.
【答案】11.Nothing 12.wisely 13.greeted 14.protect 15.Without
【解析】11.句意:如果你有创造力,没有什么是浪费的。根据“if you have a creative mind”和备选词汇可知,有创造力什么都不会浪费,nothing符合句意,位于句首,首字母大写。故填Nothing。
12.句意:别担心,我相信你会做出明智的选择。根据“ make your choice”和备选词汇可知,做出明智的选择,副词修饰动词,wisely符合句意,故填wisely。
13.句意:昨天早上,沃森先生热情地迎接了所有到达的客人。根据“as they arrived yesterday morning”和备选词汇可知,沃森先生迎接所有客人,句子时态是一般过去时,greeted符合句意,故填greeted。
14.句意:外面在下雨,你需要保暖的衣服御寒。根据“you against the cold”和备选词汇可知,保护自己对抗寒冷,动词不定式符号to后接动词原形,protect符合句意,故填protect。
15.句意:毫无疑问,中国人是最了解京剧之美的人。根据“doubt”和备选词汇可知,没有疑问中国人最了解京剧,without符合句意,位于句首,首字母大写。故填Without。
(2023·浙江温州·统考中考真题)
用小方框中所给单词的适当形式填空。每词限用一次。
Chinese Customs
usually during child luck clean
16.People ______ the house before Spring Festival every year.
17.______ should accept gifts from their elders with both hands.
18.On Mid-Autumn Day, Chinese people ______ have a family dinner.
19.______ the Spring Festival month, people seldom have their hair cut.
20.Most people like to wear red on important days because red is a ______ colour.
【答案】16.clean 17.Children 18.usually 19.During 20.lucky
【解析】16.句意:人们每年春节前打扫房子。根据“the house”可知是打扫房子,clean“打扫”,句子用一般现在时,主语是People,谓语动词用原形。故填clean。
17.句意:孩子们应该用双手接受长辈的礼物。根据“should accept gifts from their elders”可知是孩子们接受礼物,此处用名词复数children“孩子”。故填Children。
18.句意:在中秋节,中国人通常会举行家庭聚餐。根据“have a family dinner”可知是通常会家庭聚餐,usually“通常”。故填usually。
19.句意:在春节期间,人们很少理发。根据“the Spring Festival month”可知是在春节期间,during“在……期间”,放句首首字母大写。故填During。
20.句意:大多数人喜欢在重要的日子穿红色,因为红色是一种幸运的颜色。根据“red is a...colour”可知红色是一个幸运的颜色,lucky“幸运的”。故填lucky。
(2023·浙江绍兴·统考中考真题)
用方框中所给词语的适当形式填空,每词仅用一次。
hardly herself unless during look after
21.Tom made lots of friends ________ his life as a student.
22.Little Bob won’t go to sleep ________ his mother tells him a story.
23.Mr. King ________ by his aunt when he was a baby.
24.Mary had to cook dinner ________ while her parents were away.
25.The speaker’s voice was so low that Nancy could ________ hear him.
【答案】21.during 22.unless 23.was looked after 24.herself 25.hardly
【解析】21.句意:汤姆在学生时代交了很多朋友。根据“Tom made lots of friends...his life as a student.”可知,在学生时代交了很多朋友,during“在……期间”符合语境。故填during。
22.句意:小鲍勃不肯睡觉,除非他妈妈给他讲个故事。“his mother tells him a story”是“Little Bob won’t go to sleep”的否定条件,用unless引导条件状语从句。故填unless。
23.句意:金先生还是个婴儿时由他的阿姨照顾。根据“Mr. King...by his aunt when he was a baby.”可知,金先生小时候由阿姨照顾,look after“照顾”,主语是动作的承受者,动作发生在过去,用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was looked after。
24.句意:父母不在的时候,玛丽不得不自己做饭。根据“Mary had to cook dinner...while her parents were away.”可知,父母不在时玛丽要自己做饭,herself“她自己”符合语境,故填herself。
25.句意:演讲者的声音很低,南希几乎听不见。根据“The speaker’s voice was so low that Nancy could...hear him.”可知,演讲者的声音很低,所以几乎听不见,hardly“几乎不”符合语境,故填hardly。
(2023·浙江金华·统考中考真题)
用方框中所给词语的适当形式填空。每词限用一次。
ourselves will all kinds of seat loud
26.Where there is a ________, there is a way.
27.We are really proud that we cooked all dishes by ________.
28.You’d better speak ________ than usual when giving a speech.
29.It’s common to see some special ________ for those in need on buses.
30.Students in our school are always encouraged to do ________ labor activities.
【答案】26.will 27.ourselves 28.louder 29.seats 30.all kinds of
【解析】26.句意:有志者事竟成。where there is a will, there is a way“有志者,事竟成”,是一个谚语。故填will。
27.句意:我们真的很自豪,所有的菜都是我们自己做的。根据“we cooked all dishes by...”可知是自己做的,用反身代词ourselves“我们自己”。故填ourselves。
28.句意:演讲时你最好比平时大声一点。根据“speak...than usual”可知是说得大声一点,用比较级louder“更大声”。故填louder。
29.句意:在公共汽车上为有需要的人提供一些特殊的座位是很常见的。根据“for those in need on buses”可知在公交车上有些特殊座位,seat“座位”,此处用名词复数。故填seats。
30.句意:我们学校总是鼓励学生做各种各样的劳动活动。根据“do...labor activities”可知是做各种各样的活动,all kinds of“各种各样的”。故填all kinds of。
(2023·江苏连云港·统考中考真题)
从方框中选择恰当的词或短语并用其正确的形式填空(每个词或短语只能用一次)。
long; invent; depend on; at the end of; make a speech; put up; play chess; hand out; the pride of; pay attention to
31.Fresh water is important. Life on Earth __________ it.
32.The Yellow River is China’ s second __________ river after the Yangtze.
33.The exchange students from Australia will arrive __________ June.
34.Simon always stays up late. Doctor Ma advises him __________ his health.
35.These volunteers __________ the tent already. Let’ s say thanks to them.
36.—Sandy, where is Millie?
—She __________ new books in the classroom.
37.Tomorrow I’ll visit my grandparents. I __________ with my grandpa.
38.How great these Chinese astronauts are! They are __________ our country.
39.Professor Wang __________ on teenage problems to us at 2 yesterday afternoon.
40.Papermaking is one of the four great __________ from ancient China.
【答案】
31. depends on 32.longest 33.at the end of 34.to pay attention to 35.have put up 36.is handing out 37.will play chess/am going to play chess 38.the pride of 39.was making a speech 40.inventions
【解析】31.句意:淡水很重要。地球上的生命依赖于它。根据“Life on Earth...it.”可知地球上的生命依赖于淡水。depend on“依赖”符合语境;本句陈述一般事实,需用一般现在时,主语是不可数名词,动词需用三单形式。故填depends on。
32.句意:黄河是中国第二大河,仅次于长江。根据“The Yellow River is China’ s second...river after the Yangtze.”和常识可知黄河是第二长河,空处需用最高级longest表示“最长的”。故填longest。
33.句意:来自澳大利亚的交换学生将在六月底到达。根据“The exchange students from Australia will arrive ...June.”可知此处at the end of“在……的结尾”符合语境,表示在六月底。故填at the end of。
34.句意:西蒙总是熬夜。马医生建议他注意健康。根据“Simon always stays up late.”可知要注意健康。pay attention to“注意”符合语境;advise sb to do sth表示“建议某人做某事”。故填to pay attention to。
35.句意:这些志愿者已经搭起了帐篷。让我们对他们说声谢谢。根据“the tent”可知是搭帐篷。put up表示“搭建”;根据“already”可知本句是现在完成时(have/has done),主语是复数,助动词用have,put的过去分词还是put。故填have put up。
36.句意:——桑迪,米莉在哪儿?——她正在教室里分发新书。根据“new books in the classroom.”可知在教室分发书。hand out“分发”符合语境。结合“where is Millie?”可知米莉正在发书,需用现在进行时(am/is/are doing)。故填is handing out。
37.句意:明天我要去看望我的祖父母。我将和爷爷下棋。根据“Tomorrow I’ll visit my grandparents.”可知本句是一般将来时(will do或be going to do);再根据“with my grandpa.”可知是和爷爷下棋。故填will/am going to play chess。
38.句意:这些中国宇航员多么了不起!他们是我们国家的骄傲。根据“How great these Chinese astronauts are!”可知是国家的骄傲。the pride of“……的骄傲”。故填the pride of。
39.句意:昨天下午两点,王教授正在给我们做一个关于青少年问题的报告。根据“at 2 yesterday afternoon.”可知本句是过去进行时(was/were doing);结合“Professor Wang”可知是作报告。make a speech“作演讲”符合语境。主语是单数,be动词用was。故填was making a speech。
40.句意:造纸术是中国古代四大发明之一。根据“Papermaking is one of the four great...from ancient China.”和常识可知造纸术是四大发明之一。invention“发明”;one of+最高级+名词复数表示“……中最……之一”。故填inventions。
(2023·浙江·统考中考真题)
用方框中所给词语的适当形式填空, 每词仅用一次。
guess proud cartoon against at least
41.It is our duty to protect the forest ________ fires.
42.Which ________ character do you like better, Superman or Spiderman?
43.She was very ________ to be chosen as a volunteer for the 19th Asian Games.
44.The doctor advised me to take exercise ________ four times a week to keep fit.
45.A clever English learner often ________ the meanings of the new words when he reads.
【答案】41.against 42.cartoon 43.proud 44.at least 45.guesses
【解析】41.句意:保护森林免受火灾是我们的责任。根据“protect the forest”和备选词汇可知,保护森林免受火灾,against“对抗”符合句意,故填against。
42.句意:超人和蜘蛛侠,你更喜欢哪个卡通人物?根据“Superman or Spiderman”和备选词汇可知,他们是卡通人物,cartoon符合句意,故填cartoon。
43.句意:她很自豪被选为第19届亚运会的志愿者。根据“be chosen as a voluntee”和备选词汇可知,成为志愿者很骄傲,proud作表语,故填proud。
44.句意:医生建议我每周至少锻炼四次以保持健康。根据“four times”和备选词汇可知,至少四次,at least符合句意,故填at least。
45.句意:一个聪明的英语学习者在阅读时经常猜测生词的意思。根据“the meanings of the new words when he reads”和备选词汇可知,猜测词义,句子时态是一般现在时,主语是单数,谓语动词用三单形式,guesses符合句意,故填guesses。
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