【新高三摸底】2024届新高三-英语开学摸底考试卷（北京专用）

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2024届新高三开学摸底考试卷（北京专用）
英 语
（考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：100分）
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 知识运用(共两节， 30 分)
第一节 (共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中，选出 最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
One October morning, I planned to take Honey, my dog, out with me. We live in a 1 area up in the hills. Our driveway is barely wide enough for one car, with a ravine (深沟) on one side. While I was starting the car slowly, a flash of sunlight 2 me. I put my hand up to block the sunlight. Suddenly, the car slipped in the soft soil, and rolled down the ravine. After several rolls, we 3 upside down. I was stuck and felt a sharp pain in my chest. I looked over to find Honey. Luckily, she was okay.
We were at least 50 feet down. Just as I’d 4 , my cellphone couldn’t get a signal.
Calm down! It old myself. At least I could get Honey out of here. Painfully, I reached over and picked her up and 5 put her through a broken window. “Go home, baby.” She jumped to the ground and raced up the side of the ravine.
I could do nothing but sit there for hours. The last bit of light faded away.
Slam! Was that a car door? “Help!” I shouted with all my 6 .
“Mike! Where are you?” It was Robin, my closest neighbor, who lived two miles downhill from me.
Half an hour later, the rescue crew 7 and rushed me to the hospital.
The next day Robin brought Honey to the hospital. She got right up next to me on the bed and snuggled (依偎) close. With her there, it was like my pain 8 . “I got home from work and Honey was waiting for me,” Robin said. “She got 9 and ran in circles, like she was trying to tell me something!” Robin figured he’d bring Honey back to my 10 , and that’s when he heard me shout.
Honey, my life-saving hero!
1．A．crowded B．new C．popular D．remote
2．A．covered B．blinded C．burnt D．warned
3．A．landed B．circled C．drove D．pulled
4．A．hesitated B．feared C．agreed D．doubted
5．A．actively B．constantly C．gently D．secretly
6．A．courage B．wisdom C．patience D．strength
7．A．called B．arrived C．formed D．searched
8．A．returned B．spread C．froze D．disappeared
9．A．confused B．disappointed C．anxious D．bored
10．A．house B．car C．hospital D．office
第二节(共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分)
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个恰当 的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指 定区域作答。
A
The African penguin is expected to go extinct in the wild in just over a decade, given its current population decline. The main reason is a lack of food caused by disturbance to ocean conditions from global heating and 11 (compete) from the commercial fishing industry. According to a study, recently scientists 12 (identify) a possible additional cause, one that is an entirely new threat and that further 13 (prevent) the penguins from finding food: noise pollution from marine ships in a bay.
B
China plans to complete the construction of a space station and have it put into operation around 2022, said Zhou Jianping, the chief designer of China’s manned space program, at a forum (论坛) 14 (hold) in Guangdong Province. The space station was designed to weigh 100 tonnes and accommodate three astronauts. The main goal of the construction of the space station 15 (be) to enable China to carry out long-term manned scientific 16 (experiment) in near-Earth space. The space station will be built as China’s main platform for space science research.
C
The eastern Chinese city of Zibo 17 (emerge) as one of the country’s most popular tourist spots in the past few months — thanks to its barbecue. Favored by so-called internet influencers, the city has gone viral on Chinese social media platforms. 18 (video) on sites such as Xiaohongshu show thousands of people traveling to the city to savor (品尝) local barbecue, 19 they say is wrapped in a pancake. When asked 20 attracts them most, travellers say the awesome food in chorus, though the restaurants were not stylishly furnished.

第二部分 阅读理解(共两节， 38 分)
第一节(共 14 小题；每小题 2 分，共 28 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并 在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
While any work environment provides opportunities to make friends, some jobs are more social than others.
A Coffee Shop
Thanks to Starbucks, coffee shops have never been more plentiful. Coffee places are great for opportunities to meet people because there are usually a variety of people coming in and out through the day. You can chat with customers and coworkers alike.
The casual environment encourages conversation and the flexible schedule allows you to work there even if you have a full-time job already.
A Book Store
Book lovers are great friends to have. They’re often misunderstood as being “not social,” but they just interact with people in a different way. Bookstores are perfect for finding passionate friends and connecting you with other folks who enjoy reading and intellectual pursuits.
Hospitality Jobs
Jobs like bartenders, restaurant workers, and wait staff usually have flexible hours and attract a variety of people. For some, it’s their full-time career. For others, they’re working for extra money or because they’re involved with another life goal (like college) and need the flexibility.
This type of diversity is a good environment to make friends in and as a bonus, you’ll see many different people coming through as customers as well.
Retail Sales
Stores and businesses are busy and have a wide variety of people coming in and out. This is the perfect environment to meet a few new folks.
Many retail employees bond quickly with their coworkers because the jobs can be challenging and stressful at times, so they lean on each other, share stories, and find ways to relax and blow off steam outside of work. All of these are good for making friendships that will last.
21．Which of the following helps connect people thirsty for knowledge?
A．A Coffee Shop B．A Book Store C．Hospitality Jobs D．Retail Sales
22．What can college students needing extra money choose to work as?
A．Grocers. B．Librarians. C．Retailers. D．Waiters.
23．What do all the jobs have in common?
A．They are stressful. B．They offer high salaries.
C．They enhance social skills. D．They require rich experience.

B
The student arrived early, sat front and center, and stood out in my classroom in more ways than one. I’d say that he was about 40 years older than his classmates in my undergraduate communications class. He eagerly jumped into class discussions, with his humor and wisdom of experience. And he was always respectful of the other students’ perspectives, as if each of them were a teacher. Jerry Valencia walked in with a smile—and he left with one too.
“These students gave me the confidence that I didn’t need to feel bad about my age,” Valencia says.
One day, I spotted Valencia on campus. He said he would have to stop taking classes that semester and reapply for next year. By then, he hoped to have earned enough money and have his student-loan papers in order. He asked seriously whether he could still sit in on my communications class.
Sure, I said. But he wouldn’t get any credit.
No problem, he said.
Soon there he was again, back at his old desk, jumping into our discussions on how to find and tell stories in Los Angeles—a 63-year-old man with as much energy and curiosity as any of the youngsters in class.
A lot of Valencia’s classmates apparently knew he couldn’t afford that semester’s tuition but was still doing the homework. “Here he is, willingly taking a class for the delight of it and benefit of learning,”says Jessica Espinosa, a 25-year-old junior. Afterward, I overheard Valencia wanted to stay in school until he earned a master’s degree, but it had taken him 12 years to finish community college, so he had a long way to go.
There is something splendidly unreasonable about Valencia’s determination to get a four-year degree and then a master’s. At his current pace, he’ll be 90 when he finally hangs all that paper on the wall. But that doesn’t seem especially relevant. He’s found all the youthful energy and academic opportunity stimulating. Valencia’s grade in my class this semester will not show up on his transcripts(成绩单). But I’m giving him an A—and in the most important ways, it counts.
24．What made Valencia different from his classmates?
A．He was respectful to the teacher. B．He activated the class atmosphere.
C．He was eager to learn despite his age. D．He often put forward different opinions.
25．According to the author, why did Valencia continue to attend classes?
A．He treasured the chance of learning. B．He wished to show his determination.
C．He needed the credits to further his study. D．He desired to have an A on his transcripts.
26．Which of the following best describes Valencia?
A．Modest and independent. B．Energetic and generous.
C．Enthusiastic and motivated. D．Considerate and intelligent.
27．What can we learn from the passage?
A．No pains, no gains. B．It is never too old to learn.
C．Strike the iron while it is hot. D．Where there is life, there is hope.
C
Delivering life-saving drugs directly to the brain in a safe and effective way is a challenge for medical providers. One key reason: the blood-brain barrier, which protects the brain from tissue-specific drug delivery. Methods such as an injection or a pill aren’t as precise or immediate as doctors might prefer, and ensuring delivery right to the brain often requires invasive, risky techniques.
A team of engineers from Washington University in St. Louis has developed a new nano-particle generation-delivery method that could someday vastly improve drug delivery to the brain, making it as simple as a sniff.
“This would be a nano-particle nasal spray, and the delivery system could allow medicine to reach the brain within 30 minutes to one hour,” said Ramesh Raliya, research scientist at the School of Engineering & Applied Science.
“The blood-brain barrier protects the brain from foreign substances in the blood that may injure the brain,” Raliya said. “ But when we need to deliver something there, getting through that barrier is difficult and invasive. Our non-invasive technique can deliver drugs via nano-particles, so there’s less risk and better response times.”
The novel approach is based on aerosol science and engineering principles that allow the generation of mono-disperse nano-particles, which can deposit on upper regions of the nasal cavity via spread. The nano-particles were tagged with markers, allowing the researchers to track their movement.
Next, researchers exposed locusts’ antenna to the aerosol, and observed the nano-particles travel from the antennas up through the olfactory nerve, which is used to sense the smell. Due to their tiny size, the nano-particles passed through the brain-blood barrier, reaching the brain and spreading all over it in a matter of minutes.
The team tested the concept in locusts because the blood-brain barriers in the insects and humans have similarities. “The shortest and possibly the easiest path to the brain is through your nose,” said Barani Raman, associate professor of biomedical engineering. “Your nose, the olfactory bulb and then olfactory cortex: two steps and you’ve reached the cortex.”
To determine whether or not the foreign nano-particles disrupted normal brain function, Saha examined the physiology response of olfactory neurons in the locusts before and after the nano-particle delivery and found no noticeable change in the electro-physiological responses was detected.
This is only a beginning of a set of studies that can be performed to make nano-particle-based drug delivery approaches more principled, Raman said. The next phase of research involves fusing the gold nano-particles with various medicines, and using ultrasound to target a more precise dose to specific areas of the brain, which would be especially beneficial in brain-tumor cases.
28．What is the passage mainly about?
A．A novel method of drug delivery. B．A challenge facing medical staff.
C．A new medicine treating brain disease. D．A technique to improve doctor’s ability.
29．What can we learn from the passage?
A．Doctors prefer using methods like an injection to treat diseases.
B．Locusts were tagged with markers to track their movement.
C．The blood-brain barrier lowers the effectiveness of a pill.
D．The medicine could reach the brain within half an hour.
30．The researchers focused their study on locusts because .
A．human and locusts have similar structures that protect brain from foreign substances
B．the delivery process consists of the olfactory bulb and the olfactory cortex
C．locusts have changeable electrophysiological responses to nanoparticles
D．the shortest and possibly the safest path to the brain is through human’s noses
D
What is self-discipline? It’s the ability to make yourself do something, especially something difficult or unpleasant. When some people hear self-discipline, they think it’s boring. Before I get into my thoughts on the topic, I want to tell you a story.
On a hot sunny day, a bee named Bertha is buzzing by her hive with some other bees. Suddenly a bear starts to approach her hive. In an attempt to save her hive, Bertha stings (蜇) the bear. But its skin is so thick that once she tries to pull her sting out, she hurts herself and dies. Bertha has no choice. Through years of evolution (进化), she is evolved to sting threats, which is her born ability. She lacks thinking consciousness.
Bees are prisoners of their own biology. Unlike bees, humans have the ability to override (推翻) their biology through self-discipline. Let’s say that someone has long-term desires to create a meaningful career and have a healthy body. Along each step of that journey they are attracted by short-term pleasures, such as junk food or video games. Deep down they really want the life that comes in the long term. Yet they keep submitting to short-term pleasures. The only difference between these two positions is self-discipline. It gives us the freedom to achieve what we truly want in life and allows us to break free of the cages around us.
Video games imitate the environments similar to the ones that our ancestors navigated in the past, but have supernormal versions of them. We can get greater feelings of accomplishment in video games with a lot less work. Companies are aware that the constant achievements on the screen will motivate players to keep playing. So not only are we controlled by our own biology, but we are being targeted by corporation’s seeking to take advantage of us and make a profit.
On the plus side, you and I are not like the bee, because we are not eased by our own biology. With self-discipline, we can live the life we truly want.
31．Why does the bee die?
A．The bee takes the bear too lightly.
B．The bee’s natural ability ruins it.
C．The bee doesn’t respond to the sudden attack of the bear.
D．The bee doesn’t make a correct judgment on the situation.
32．What’s the third paragraph mainly about?
A．The factors affecting self-discipline.
B．Self-discipline makes our dreams come true.
C．The process of self-discipline coming into being.
D．Long-term desires play an important role in self-discipline.
33．Why video games are so attractive?
A．Players can get something for nothing.
B．Profits motivate players to keep playing.
C．Players can get a great sense of achievement in video games.
D．The environment in the video games is more mysterious than that in real life.
34．What can be suitable title for the text?
A．Stay away from Video Games B．How to Be a Self-disciplined Person
C．The More Disciplined, the More Freedom D．Animals: Prisoners of Their Own Biology
第二节(共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，共 10 分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If you have ever had trouble persuading yourself to do things you should do or would like to do, you have experienced procrastination. If you are a typical procrastinator, perhaps you spend an excessive amount of time watching TV, playing video games checking Facebook eating (even when you’re not hungry), obsessively cleaning or pacing back and forth through the office. 35 Once again, you end up doing nothing. Sound familiar?
Lazy people don’t do anything and are just fine with it. 36 . They truly want to fulfil their obligations but just can’t figure out how.
37 . Relaxing recharges you with energy. In contrast, procrastinating drains it from you. The less energy you have, the greater the chances of you putting off your responsibilities, and, once more, you will accomplish nothing.
The studies on procrastination ever conducted indicates that failure of the ability to listen to ourselves is most likely the main reason why we put things off. The scientific name of this ability is self-regulation. Self-regulation is the ability to consciously control your emotions. 38 Thanks to this, you will procrastinate less. Current research indicates that willpower can be compared to a muscle. It is possible to strengthen it through training.
To overcome procrastination, you need to start by setting the bar as low as possible. Creating habits isn’t about quantity; it’s about small steps and regular repetition. By making gradual increases once you learn a new habit, you can strengthen your willpower muscle. As you slowly raise the bar, your willpower will gain strength. 39 .
A．Don’t confuse procrastination with relaxation, either.
B．The more powerful it is the easier it will be for you to make a breakthrough.
C．Afterwards, you feel powerless and are overcome with feelings of guilt and frustration.
D．If you train willpower to perform one activity, you can use its strength to do other things as well.
E．Procrastinators, however, have the desire to actually do something but can’t force themselves to start.
F．Learning how to develop good habits and kick bad ones can be achieved by taking small steps.
G．The more developed this ability is, the more often you will do what you tell yourself to do and the better you will resist temptation.
第三部分 书面表达(共两节， 32 分)
第一节 (共 4 小题； 第 40、41 题各 2 分， 第 42 题 3 分， 第 43 题 5 分， 共 12 分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
Ghanim Al-Muftah, 2022 Qatar World Cup Ambassador(大使), was born on May 5, 2002, with a rare condition known as Caudal Regression Syndrome, which causes its patients to be born without the lower half of the body.
Naturally, one would expect him to use a wheelchair, but he insists on moving around on his hands because he believes that he should make use of everything with which he is blessed rather than focus on what he doesn’t have.
While Ghanim was growing up, he found it difficult to attend school initially because his classmates played jokes on him. Nevertheless, his mom encouraged him to speak to these classmates, teach them about his condition, and raise awareness for the community. Ghanim has gone further at accepting his condition.
Ghanim has overcome all kinds of difficulties in his life, yet, there is still one issue Ghanim must continually deal with-many medical treatments and surgery. Despite these routine medical treatments, he knows that with faith, commitment and hard work he will be free to accomplish his ambitions. Ghanim refused to let his condition stop his thirst for life and took on various sports-tackling everything from scuba diving, rock climbing to skateboarding. It is this exemplary take and attitudes towards life that have earned him the love, respect, and admiration of millions of people in Qatar and across the globe.
Currently in university studying political science, Al Muftah hopes to become a diplomat one day. He is also a major social media star, with millions of followers on social media. And he spoke about his future ambitions on the university’s website, saying, “I hope to help raise public awareness on disability rights; foster respect for disabled persons and through the process promote more inclusive and tolerant societies.”
40．Why does Ghanim insist on walking with his hands instead of using a wheelchair?
____________________________________________________________________________________________41．What problem does Ghanim have to handle continually?
____________________________________________________________________________________________42．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
Ghanim believes he will accomplish his ambitions through taking on a range of sports and speaking out on social media._______________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
43．While Ghanim has earned respect of people across the globe, how do you earn respect of people around you? (In about 40 words)
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节(20 分)
假设你是红星中学高三“传统文化社”社长李华。你校国际部留学生Jim邀请你参加他们组织的“China Day”活动并做展示。请你用英语给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：
1. 接受邀请并表示感谢；
2. 你展示的内容及理由。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,
Li Hua