2023蚌埠高一下学期期末英语试题含解析

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蚌埠市2022—2023学年度第二学期期末学业水平监测
高一英语
考试时间：120分钟 试卷总分：150分
注意事项：
1. 答题前，考生务必用0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔将自己的姓名、学校、班级、准考证号及座位号填写在答题卡上规定的位置。
2. 每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。
第一部分 听力(共两节，每题1.5分，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. When is Grandpa’s birthday?
A. On May 6th. B. On May 7th. C. On May 8th.
2. What does the girl advise the man to do?
A. Look for a job. B. Take classes. C. Stay at home.
3. Where will the man go for the holiday probably?
A. To London. B. To Toronto. C. To his hometown.
4. Where are the speakers?
A. In an airplane. B. In a boat. C. On the ground.
5. What happened to Peter’s bike?
A. A tree fell on it. B. Someone stole it. C. It got broken.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Which bus goes to River Drive?
A. No.16. B. No.14. C. No.6.
7. What will the woman ask the bus driver?
A. Where to change buses. B. The ticket price. C. How to get some change.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What did Jane like to do as a child?
A. Make snowballs. B. Go skating. C. Sweep away the snow.
9. What’s the weather like today?
A. Snowy and cold. B. Cloudy and windy. C. Snowy and warm.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What is the boy’s homework this weekend?
A. To write a summary. B. To review three chapters. C. To prepare a presentation.
11. What does the woman probably teach?
A. English. B. Science. C. History.
12. What does the woman want to learn from the homework?
A. What her students’ opinions are.
B. Whether her students understood the reading.
C. If her students can connect all the different ideas.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. How long has the woman been in hospital?
A. For one week. B. For ten days. C. For two weeks.
14. When can the woman leave the hospital?
A. In two weeks. B. Tomorrow. C. Uncertain.
15. What’s the doctor’s suggestion for the woman?
A. Having medical checks regularly. B. Taking the medicine every day. C. Avoiding any physical exercise.
16. How soon will the woman get well completely?
A. In a few days. B. In a long time. C. As soon as she leaves the hospital.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What did Clara do during the Civil War?
A. She joined the army. B. She urged to stop the war. C. She helped the wounded.
18. What did Clara do after the Civil War?
A. She collected money to help the wounded.
B. She considered setting up the American Red Cross.
C. She led a group to search for missing soldiers.
19. When did Clara return to America?
A. In 1869. B. In 1873. C. In 1881.
20. How long did Clara serve as the American Red Cross’s president?
A. Over 20 years. B. About 12 years. C. Over 4 years.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共11小题;每小题2.5分，满分27.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
No matter where you go around the globe, everybody loves to celebrate. And when it comes to celebration, festivals offer something for everyone.
Mardi Gras （New Orleans, Louisiana）
Also known as Fat Tuesday, Mardi Gras in New Orleans is a cultural event. Though the celebration
is held every year on the day before Ash Wednesday, the festivities last for months, banning in November throughout January and early February. And if you love music, check out the annual Galactic concert at the world-famous Tipitina’s on Lundi Gras (the day before Mardi Gras).
La Tomatina （Valencia, Spain）
Launched way back in 1945, La Tomatina is one of the oldest festivals on our list. It's also easily the happiest but the messiest, coming off like the world's biggest food fight.
Legend has it that the whole thing started when some local boys joined a parade alongside musicians. The boys made the performers so angry that they tried hit the boys, and a vendor's (小摊贩)vegetable stand fell victim to the incident.
If you go, please follow some simple rules: Don't throw hard objects, squash the tomato before throwing it, stay a safe distance away from tomato trucks, and stop in time.
Montreux Jazz Festival （Switzerland）
Founded back in 1967, Montreux is one of the oldest music festivals in the world. It's also the second largest jazz festival, after the Montreal International Jazz Festival. That Canadian concert may attract more visitors-around 2 million annually. But Montreux benefits from its pretty location on the attractive shores of Lake Geneva. The area is particularly beautiful in late June/early July, when the festival is held.
1. When is Galactic concert held?
A. On Mardi Gras. B. On Lundi Gras.
C. On Montreux Jazz Festival. D. On La Tomatina.
2. What do people do on La Tomatina?
A. Punish naughty boys. B. Enjoy musicians' performance.
C. Throw tomatoes without hurting. D. Catch people who destroy tomatoes.
3. Where can you read the passage probably?
A. News report. B. Academic journal.
C. Conceit brochure. D. Travel magazine.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了世界上几个地方的节日庆祝方式。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Mardi Gras （New Orleans, Louisiana）”部分最后一句“And if you love music, check out the annual Galactic concert at the world-famous Tipitina’s on Lundi Gras (the day before Mardi Gras).”（如果你喜欢音乐，可以去世界著名的Tipitina的Lundi Gras（狂欢节的前一天）观看一年一度的银河音乐会）可知，银河音乐会在Lundi Gras那天举行。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据“La Tomatina （Valencia, Spain）”部分第三段中的“Don't throw hard objects, squash the tomato before throwing it, stay a safe distance away from tomato trucks, and stop in time.”（不要扔硬物，在扔西红柿之前要把西红柿压扁，与运西红柿的卡车保持安全距离，并及时停车。）可知，在La Tomatina上人们扔西红柿时不能造成伤害。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“No matter where you go around the globe, everybody loves to celebrate. And when it comes to celebration, festivals offer something for everyone.”（无论你走到世界的哪个角落，每个人都喜欢庆祝。说到庆祝，节日对每个人都有好处。）可知，文章是介绍了世界几个地方的节日庆祝，所以它可能来自一本旅游杂志。故选D。
B
“It’s raining cats and dogs!” Although this phrase isn’t very common in England any more, it clearly shows we don’t always say what we mean. One thing that is often frustrating for language learners is that they understand every word in a sentence and yet the meaning remains unclear - like this sentence that actually means “It’s raining heavily!” However, it’s not just idioms that cause difficulties for people learning English.
The British are often considered to be polite but this can be very confusing for non-native speakers. We often don’t say what we are thinking—in fact we often say the opposite! Here’s an example that will hopefully explain what I mean: “You should come around for tea!”
British people are less open than people from other cultures, so we aren’t as quick to invite people into our homes. This phrase is one of those that we say but often don’t really mean, so when no further details are given, you can probably assume (认为) it was made in the name of politeness! But how does this compare to other countries?
When I lived in India, lots of people would invite me into their homes but I always assumed that they were just being polite. Of course, I was wrong. The invitations were almost always genuine, and people expected me to visit them. In fact, I think I spent more time at other people’s houses than my own!
In England, we often think it’s polite to offer or suggest something even if we don’t actually want to do it, while in other cultures people are more direct. Perhaps if English people just say what they were thinking, things would be a lot easier—especially for non-native speakers!
4. What does the writer mean by mentioning the example “It’s raining cats and dogs!”?
A. It’s time for people to protect these pet animals.
B. The weather condition in England is rather awful.
C. What British people say is different from what they think.
D. It is easy for non-native learner to understand idioms.
5. What do people from other cultures think of British people’s politeness?
A. Direct and honest. B. Too traditional to accept.
C. Serious and formal. D. Difficult to understand.
6. Which of the following best explains “genuine” underlined in Paragraph 4?
A. Personal. B. Sincere.
C. Informal. D. Special.
7. What is the main purpose of the text?
A. To encourage people to show politeness.
B. To teach people how to avoid misunderstandings.
C. To discuss how to learn English idioms effectively.
D. To advise people to understand politeness culturally.
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. B 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在不同的文化环境下人们对于礼貌的看法是不同的，即礼貌取决于我们所处的文化，所以要在文化基础上理解礼貌。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Although this phrase isn’t very common in England any more, it clearly shows we don’t always say what we mean.”（虽然这个短语在英国已经不太常见了，但它清楚地表明我们并不总是说到我们想说的。）以及第二段中“We often don’t say what we are thinking—in fact we often say the opposite!”（我们经常不说出我们的想法——事实上，我们经常说的恰恰相反！）可推知，作者举这个例子是想表明英国人说的和他们想的不一样。故选C项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“The British are often considered to be polite but this can be very confusing for non-native speakers.”（英国人通常被认为很有礼貌，但这对非母语人士来说可能会很困惑。）以及第三段中“British people are less open than people from other cultures, so we aren’t as quick to invite people into our homes. This phrase is one of those that we say but often don’t really mean, so when no further details are given, you can probably assume (认为) it was made in the name of politeness!”（英国人不像其他国家的人那么开放，所以我们不会很快邀请别人到家里来。这句话是我们经常说的，但通常不是真正的意思，所以当没有给出进一步的细节时，你可能会认为这是出于礼貌！）可推知，来自其他文化背景的人可能会认为英国人的礼貌很难理解。故选D项。
【6题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第四段中“When I lived in India, lots of people would invite me into their homes but I always assumed that they were just being polite. Of course, I was wrong.”（我住在印度的时候，很多人会邀请我去他们家，但我总是认为他们只是出于礼貌。当然，我错了。）以及划线单词句中“and people expected me to visit them.”（人们期待着我去拜访他们。）可推知，此处为邀请几乎总是真诚的，人们期待着我去拜访他们。故可猜测划线单词genuine意思为“真诚的，真心的”，结合选项B项Sincere“真诚的”意思一致。故选B项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。阅读全文可知，本文主要讲述了在不同文化环境下人们对于礼貌的看法是不同的，即礼貌取决于我们所处的文化，所以要在文化基础上理解礼貌。由此可推知，文章的主要目的是建议人们从文化上理解礼貌。故选 D项。
C
A 293-million-mile journey of the NASA Perseverance rover（探测器）to Mars: ended successfully on February 18, 2021, with a picture-perfect landing inside the Jezero Crater. The car-sized, six-wheeled rover, nicknamed Percy is the US space agency's biggest and most advanced explorer to date. Its primary mission is to search for signs of ancient microbial（微生物的）life on Mars.
Landing on Mars is extremely tricky. The Red Planet's gravitational pull causes approaching spacecraft to go faster to high speeds, while its thin atmosphere-just 1 percent that of Earth's-does little to help slow it down as it approaches the surface.
The scientists had to reduce Percy's 12,000 mph speed to a safe landing speed of less than five mph-in just six and a half minutes. The target entry angle also had to be a precise 12 degrees-any steeper, and the spacecraft would burn up; any flatter, and it would get lost in space. It is no wonder that the final approach is often referred to as the "seven minutes of terror."
Upon attaining a manageable speed, Percy briefly flew over the Martian surface to seek out the perfect landing spot. Its complex map-reading system rapidly scanned the area and matched it with maps in its database to find the best location.
The NASA scientists will spend the next two months testing Percy's scientific instruments. Once ready, the rover will begin to carry out its mission.
"Perseverance is the smartest robot ever made, but confirming that microbial life once existed carries an unusually large burden of proof," said Lori Glaze, director of NASA's Planetary Science Division. "While we'll learn a lot with the great instruments we have aboard the rover, it may very well require the far more well-equipped laboratories and delicate instruments back here on Earth to tell us whether our samples（样本）carry evidence that Mars once harbored life."
8. What is the extraordinary challenge for the rover to land on Mars?
A. The speed reduction. B. The atmosphere analysis.
C. The location search. D. The time management.
9. What is paragraph 3 mainly about?
A. Ways to find the precise entry angle.
B. Consequences of wrong entry degree.
C. Factors to survive "the seven minutes".
D. Reasons for the necessity of speed reducing.
10. What does "it" refer to in paragraph 4?
A. The spot. B. The area. C. The system. D. The surface.
11. What can be inferred from Lori Glaze's words?
A. Instruments aboard the rover are not quite reliable.
B. Perseverance is able to collect enough evidence needed.
C. Man still has long way to go to prove life was on Mars.
D. Samples of Mars will be returned soon to our labs on the earth.
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. B 11. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国航天局“毅力号”火星探测器成功登陆火星。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“The Red Planet's gravitational pull causes approaching spacecraft to go faster to high speeds while its thin atmosphere-just 1 percent that of Earth's-does little to help slow it down as it approaches the surface.”（这颗红色行星的引力使接近的宇宙飞船以更快的速度高速飞行，而它稀薄的大气层——只有地球大气层的1%——在它接近表面时几乎无助于减缓它的速度。）可知，宇宙飞船在火星上着陆时，减缓它的速度是非常重要的。选项A.“The speed reduction.”（减速）与文意一致，故选A。
【9题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“The scientists had to reduce Percy's 12,000 mph speed to a safe landing speed of less than five mph-in just six and a half minutes.The target entry angle also had to be a precise 12 degrees-any steeper, and the spacecraft would burn up; any flatter, and it would get lost in space. ”（科学家们不得不将毅力号的12000英里每小时的安全着陆速度降低到5英里每小时以下——仅仅需要6.5分钟。目标进入角度也必须精确到12度，再陡一点，飞船就会燃烧，再平一点，飞船就会在太空中迷失。）最后一句“It is no wonder that the final approach is often referred to as the "seven minutes of terror."”（难怪最后的接近通常被称为”恐怖七分钟”）可以推知，本段主要描述的是影响“恐怖七分钟”的因素。选项C.“Factors to survive "the seven minutes".”（7分钟内存活下来的因素。）与文意相符，故选C。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。结合it前的“scanned the area and matched”及之后的“with maps in its database to find the best location”可知，it 此处指代的为“the area”，意为“扫描该地区，并与其数据库中的地图进行匹配来找到最佳着陆点”，选项B符合题意，故选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Perseverance is the smartest robot ever made, but confirming that microbial life once existed carries an unusually large burden of proof,”（“毅力号”是有史以来最聪明的机器人，但是要证实微生物曾经存在过却需要大量的证据。）及“While we'll learn a lot with the great instruments we have aboard the rover, it may very well require the far more well-equipped laboratories and delicate instruments back here on Earth to tell us whether our samples（样本）carry evidence that Mars once harbored life”（虽然我们可以从火星车上的仪器上学到很多东西，但是这很可能需要地球上装备更好的实验室和精密仪器来告诉我们，我们的样本是否携带火星曾经孕育过生命的证据。）可以推知，要证明火星上是否曾经孕育过生命，我们需要大量的证据、更好的实验室装备和精密仪器。选项C.“Man still has long way to go to prove life was on Mars.”（要证明火星上有生命，人类还有很长的路要走。）与文意相符，故选C。
第二节(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
An important part of raising your children is teaching them good manners as it helps them be more successful in life. ____12____Here are some “old-fashioned” but important manners for your modem kids.
Saying “thank you” to service workers
Saying “thank you” is the base of all good manners but these days many children overlook thanking the people that help them in many little ways each day, like wait staff, store clerks, and bus drivers. It’s not just about politeness but about teaching children to recognize and acknowledge others’ contributions as valuable. ____13____
Taking turns talking
Teach your children to touch your arm and then wait patiently for you to acknowledge(理会)them before speaking. If they do interrupt, calmly tell them it’s rude to interrupt and let them know you’ll acknowledge them shortly. ____14____Offer your children the same politeness and don’t interrupt them when it’s their turn to talk.
Using their indoor voices
____15____ A parent should teach their children early on how to moderate(使适中)their volume and tone based on the situation. You can make it into a fun game for little ones, like seeing who can whisper the quietest at a cinema.
Covering a cough or sneeze
These days it’s more important than ever to teach children to cough or sneeze into a tissue or their elbow. It’s not just a matter of hygiene(卫生)——no one enjoys getting sprayed. ____16____ Don’t forget to teach them to say “excuse me” after.
A. Remember it goes both ways.
B. Therefore it makes others feel cared about.
C. Games are very important for children’s good manners.
D. Crying, laughing, or just talking, children can be very loud.
E. Lacking basic manners will affect kids in all areas of their lives.
F. It is also a way to help others feel safe and comfortable around you.
G. Eventually it’s about teaching them not to treat others as their servants.
【答案】12. E 13. G 14. A 15. D 16. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了要教给孩子一些文明举止。
【12题详解】
根据上句“An important part of raising your children is teaching them good manners as it helps them be more successful in life.(教养孩子的一个重要部分是教他们良好的举止，因为这有助于他们在生活中更成功。)”说的是需要培养孩子的言行举止，下文“Here are some “old-fashioned” but important manners for your modem kids.(这里有一些传统但对你的现代孩子来说很重要的礼仪。)”说的是培养的建议，从逻辑上说空处肯定还在谈言行的重要性或者不培养后果。选项E“Lacking basic manners will affect kids in all areas of their lives.(缺乏基本礼仪会影响孩子生活的方方面面。)”符合上下文内容。故选E。
【13题详解】
根据上文“It’s not just about politeness but about teaching children to recognize and acknowledge others’ contributions as valuable.(这不仅仅是关于礼貌，而且是关于教孩子认识和承认别人的贡献是有价值的。)”可知，要教育孩子感激别人的付出，认可别人的劳动成果，不要把劳动者的劳动视作理所当然。选项G“Eventually it’s about teaching them not to treat others as their servants. (最终，它教会他们不要把别人当作自己的仆人。)”与上文内容一致，教育孩子感激别人的劳动，不要把别人当作自己的仆人。故选G。
【14题详解】
根据上文“If they do interrupt, calmly tell them it’s rude to interrupt and let them know you’ll acknowledge them shortly. (如果他们打断了你，冷静地告诉他们打断是不礼貌的，并让他们知道你很快就会回复他们。)”可知，这是教育孩子要尊重大人的发言；而下文“Offer your children the same politeness and don’t interrupt them when it’s their turn to talk.(给你的孩子同样的礼貌，当他们说话的时候不要打断他们。)”则讲述的是大人也要同样尊重孩子的发言。引出，空处指的是尊重是双向的。选项A“Remember it goes both ways. (记住，这是双向的。)”承上启下。故选A。
【15题详解】
根据下文“A parent should teach their children early on how to moderate(使适中)their volume and tone based on the situation. You can make it into a fun game for little ones, like seeing who can whisper the quietest at a cinema.(父母应该尽早教孩子如何根据情况调节音量和音调。你可以把它变成一个有趣的游戏给小孩子玩，就像在电影院看谁说话最小声一样。)”可知，父母应该教会孩子在适当的场合控制音量。选项D“Crying, laughing, or just talking, children can be very loud.(哭泣，大笑，或者只是说话，孩子们可以很大声。)”引出下文父母之所以要这样做的原因。故选D。
【16题详解】
根据上文“These days it’s more important than ever to teach children to cough or sneeze into a tissue or their elbow. It’s not just a matter of hygiene(卫生)——no one enjoys getting sprayed.(如今，教孩子对着纸巾或手肘咳嗽或打喷嚏比以往任何时候都重要。这不仅仅是卫生问题——没有人喜欢被溅射。)”可知，作者建议父母教育孩子养成良好的卫生习惯。选项F“It is also a way to help others feel safe and comfortable around you.(这也是一种让和你在一起的人感到安全和舒适的方式。)”延续上文内容，讲述了这样的习惯会让周围的人感到安全舒适。故选F。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共三节，满分40分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Last August my family was holidaying at Diana’s Baths, where water falls off a series of giant rocks. I was ___17___ as I saw my kids jump between the slippery rocks. “Stay away from all those edges,” I said. But I soon ___18___ , and we were all having fun, my kids laughing under the cold running water. Then, seconds later, every ___19___ I’d ever had rose to the surface.
I turned and saw my son Wyatt disappear over the edge. I ___20___, “Somebody help my son!” My husband was already ___21___ down the rocks. Wyatt had fallen on his back, straight onto the rocks. While everyone else ___22___ from a distance, a lady with a mask didn’t___23___. She called 911. I couldn’t see her face. But she looked at me so deeply, ___24___ she was trying to push out every bit of energy, love, and strength in her body. I held on to that energy like a rope that could pull us to ___25___. She gave Wyatt a towel to put under his head and said to me “I’m not ___26___ you.”
An ___27___ took us to the local hospital. After ___28___ and scans, we got the all-clear. As soon as I knew that Wyatt was going to be OK, my ___29___ fell to the kind lady. Instead of ___30___ she went toward the unthinkable. I felt so ___31___ by her, because she stepped into what had been a dark period in my life.
17 A. amazed B. worried C. hopeless D. speechless
18. A. returned B. objected C. relaxed D. apologized
19. A. fear B. need C. joy D. determination
20. A. responded B. added C. smiled D. screamed
21. A. breaking B. rowing C. rushing D. wandering
22. A. turned up B. showed off C. worked out D. looked on
23. A. forget B. doubt C. hesitate D. argue
24. A. in case B. after C. as if D. unless
25. A. safety B. reality C. success D. agreement
26. A. blaming B. questioning C. disturbing D. leaving
27. A. advertisement B. ambulance C. emergency D. invitation
28. A. tests B. preparation C. explanation D. experiments
29. A. plans B. thoughts C. imagination D. memory
30. A. turning away B. standing out C. calming down D. giving up
31. A. accepted B. challenged C. appreciated D. strengthened
【答案】17. B 18. C 19. A 20. D 21. C 22. D 23. C 24. C 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. B 30. A 31. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。通过讲述自己和家人在一次度假中，儿子失足从滑溜溜的岩石边上滑倒，直接摔到了下面的岩石上。一位善良的女士的帮助拨打电话，最终使儿子获得平安。这位女士的举动使作者变得强大，因为在那个黑暗的时期她走入了作者的生活。
【详解】1.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很担心，因为我看到我的孩子，在滑溜溜的岩石间跳来跳去。A.amazed吃惊的；B.worried担心的；C.hopeless无助的；D.speechless无语的。根据下文“as I saw my kids jump between the slippery rocks”可知，孩子在滑溜溜的岩石间跳来跳去，作为母亲的我是担心的。选项B与文意相符，故选B项。
2.考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我很快就放松了，我们都玩得很开心，我的孩子们在冰冷的水中大笑。A.returned返回；B.objected反对；C.relaxed放松；D.apologized道歉。根据下文中“and we were all having fun, my kids laughing under the cold running water”可知，我们都很开心，所以此时作者应该是放松了心情。选项C与文意相符，故选C项。
3.考查名词词义辨析。句意：几秒钟之后，我所有的恐惧都出现了。A.fear恐惧；B.need需要；C.joy乐趣；D.determination决心。根据下文“I turned and saw my son Wyatt disappear over the edge”可知，看到儿子在边缘处消失了，结合上文孩子在岩石间跳来跳去，所以作为母亲此处是恐惧涌上来。选项A与文意相符，故选A项。
4.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我大叫道“谁来救救我儿子! ”A.responded回应；B.added补充；C.smiled微笑；D.screamed尖叫。根据前一句可知，我看到儿子在流水中不见了，结合语境，此处应该是我尖叫着喊人救孩子。选项D与文意相符，故选D。
5.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我丈夫急速从岩石上跳下。A.breaking破坏；B.rowing划船；C.rushing急速冲；奔；D.wandering徘徊。结合前一句我的大喊救儿子，可知丈夫此处是急速从岩石上跳下。选项C与文意相符，故选C项。
6.考查短语词义辨析。句意：当其他人都在远处观望时，一位戴口罩的女士却没有犹豫。A.turned up出现；B.showed off炫耀；C.worked out想出，得到（解决方法）；D.looked on观看；旁观。根据下文中“from a distance”可知，其他的人是从远处看。选项D与文意相符，故选D项。
7.考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.forget忘记；B.doubt怀疑；C.hesitate犹豫不决；D.argue争辩；争论。根据下文“She called 911”可知，这位女士拨打了911，所以此处指这位女士没有犹豫。选项C符合题意，故选C项。
8.考查连词词义辨析。句意：但是她深深地看着我，好像她想把她身体里的每一点能量，爱和力量都释放出来。A.in case以防；B.after在...之后；C.as if似乎；好像；D.unless除非。根据上文“ she looked at me so deeply”及下文“she was trying to push out every bit of energy”可知，此处指戴口罩的女士对于她所看到的景象后的反应，所以语义上表示好像她要把身体里的所有的力量都使出来。选项C符合题意，故选C项。
9.考查名词义辨析。句意：我紧紧抓住那股能量，就像一根能把我们拉到安全地带的绳子。A.safety安全；B.reality现实；C.success成功；D.agreement协议。根据下文“took us to the local hospital”及“As soon as I knew that Wyatt was going to be OK”可知，此处指孩子还没有脱离危险，所以这股力量就如同一根能把我们拉到安全地带的绳子。选项A符合题意，故选A项。
10.考查动词词义辨析。句意：她给了Wyatt 一条毛巾放在他头下，然后对我说“我不会离开你的。”A.blaming责备；B.questioning询问；C.disturbing打扰；D.leaving离开。根据下文“An 　11　 took us to the local hospital. 可知，此处戴口罩的女士和我们在一起，所以她对我说她不会离开我。选项D符合题意，故选D项。
11.考查名词词义辨析。句意：一辆救护车把我们送到了当地医院。A.advertisement广告；B.ambulance救护车；C.emergency突发事件；紧急状况；D.invitation邀请。根据上文“She called 911”及下文“took us to the local hospital”，可知此处指救护车把我们带到了医院。选项B符合题意，故选B项。
12.考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过检查和扫描，一切正常。A.tests检查；B.preparation准备；C.explanation解释；D.experiments实验。根据“ scans”可知，此处指给儿子做了检查和扫描，选项A符合题意，故选A项。
13.考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我知道怀亚特会没事的时候，我就想到了这位善良的女士。A.plans计划；B.thoughts想法；C.imagination想象力；D.memory记忆。根据上文可知，正是因为这位戴口罩的女士的拨打电话，儿子才能得到及时的救护获得平安，所以此处指看到儿子没事了，我想到了这位女士。选项B符合题意，故选B项。
14.考查短语词义辨析。句意：不是想不到她，而是她在我这里已经变得不可思议。A.turning away拒绝……进入；B.standing out引人注目；显眼；C.calming down平静下来；镇静下来；D.giving up放弃。结合上文可知，因为这位女士的善良，儿子被救护车载到医院，经过检查最终获得平安。所以这位女士对于儿子的生命而言，是无比重要的。因而此处指我想到了这位女士，她对我的影响是深远的。选项A符合题意，故选A项。
15.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我觉得她让我变得如此强大，为在那个黑暗的时期她走入了我的生活。A.accepted接受；B.challenged挑战；C.appreciated感激；D.strengthened增强；（使）变强。根据下文“because she stepped into what had been a dark period in my life.”可知，这位女士的善意举动使我变得强大。选项D符合题意，故选D项。
第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Xi’an, or Chang’an as it was called for many centuries, has been a built-up urban (城市的) area for over 3,000 years, and once ____32____ (serve) as the capital of 13 dynasties. It is home ____33____ many immovable cultural heritages, three of ____34____ are on the UNESCO’s The World Heritage List.
These days, the city has made ____35____ (effect) exploration in building modernity while preserving historical legacy (遗产). A recent piece of news announced by Shaanxi’s cultural relic authority caused nationwide attention, that a ruin of an ancient capital ____36____ (date) back to Qin Dynasty was unearthed during the construction of the Xi’an Metro Line 5. In order to protect the ruin, the metro line may have to change ____37____ (it) route.
____38____ (face) with the heavy and important task of protecting cultural relics while promoting urban construction, Xi’an made active ____39____ (attempt). Rails of the metro system are built 15 to 20 meters underground in order to protect the ancient tombs which are ____40____ (usual) buried in the layer within 5 meters from the surface level. Besides, the metro constructors have also painted the walls inside the stations with historical stories, presenting ____41____ visual feast for citizens.
【答案】32. served 33. to
34. which 35. effective
36. dating
37. its
38. Faced 39. attempts
40. usually 41. a
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了西安这座城市在保留历史遗产的同时，对建筑代化进行了有效的探索。
【32题详解】
考查时态。句意：西安，又称长安，已有3000多年的历史，曾是13个朝代的都城。根据once可知，and之后的句子为一般过去时。故填served。
【33题详解】
考查介词。句意：这里有许多不可移动的文化遗产，其中三处已被联合国教科文组织列入世界文化遗产名录。be home to为固定短语，意为“某地是……的所在地”。故填to。
【34题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这里有许多不可移动的文化遗产，其中三处已被联合国教科文组织列入世界文化遗产名录。设空处与空前介词of构成介词+关系代词引导定语从句，修饰先行词immovable cultural heritages为物，引导词在从句中作宾语。故填which。
【35题详解】
考查形容词。句意：如今，这座城市在保留历史遗产同时，对建筑现代化进行了有效的探索。分析句子，设空处使用形容词effective修饰名词exploration作定语，意为“有效的”。故填effective。
36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：陕西文物局近日公布的一则消息引起了全国的关注，在西安地铁5号线建设期间，出土了一处秦朝古都遗址。分析句子，句中谓语动词为was unearthed，设空处使用非谓语动词。句中a ruin与date之间是主动关系，故使用现在分词作后置定语。故填dating。
【37题详解】
考查代词。句意：为了保护遗址，地铁线路可能不得不改变路线。设空处使用形容词性物主代词修饰名词route，作定语。故填its。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：面对保护文物和推进城市建设的重任，西安作出了积极的尝试。分析句子，句中made为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词。be faced with“面临，面对”是固定短语，所以Xi’an与face在逻辑上是被动关系，所以用过去分词作状语。同时该空置于句首，首字母大写。故填Faced。
【39题详解】
考查可数名词单复数。句意：面对保护文物和推进城市建设的重任，西安作出了积极的尝试。分析句子，设空处使用名词作宾语，attempt为可数名词，无不定冠词修饰和限定，应用复数。故填attempts。
【40题详解】
考查副词。句意：为了保护通常埋在地下5米以内的古墓，地铁系统的轨道铺在地下15 到20米的地方。分析句子，设空处使用副词usually修饰动词buried，作状语。故填usually。
【41题详解】
考查冠词。句意：此外，地铁施工人员还在车站内的墙壁上绘制了历史故事，为市民提供了一场视觉盛宴。feast为可数名词，本句泛指“一场视觉盛宴”，visual首字母的发音为辅音音素。冠词为a。故填a。
第三节 单词拼写(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
42. As is known, China has been playing a s______ (显著的) role in safeguarding world peace.(根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】significant##ignificant
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：众所周知，中国在维护世界和平方面一直发挥着重要作用。根据中英文提示可知，此处为形容词significant“显著的”作定语修饰role，满足句意要求。故填significant。
43. Children tend to be e______ (精力充沛的) and curious about everything to do with nature. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】energetic##nergetic
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：孩子们往往精力充沛，对一切与自然有关的事物都充满好奇。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为形容词energetic“精力充沛的”作表语，满足句意要求。故填energetic。
44. The past two decades have witnessed our motherland’s great changes in various fields, r______ (范围) from health care industry to aerospace field. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】ranging##anging
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：过去的二十年见证了我们祖国在各个领域的巨大变化，从医疗保健行业到航空航天领域。range from...to...范围从……到……，该空是非谓语动词，与逻辑主语fields之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语。根据中英文提示及句意，故填ranging。
45. Traditional v______ (美德) of Chinese people should be passed down from one generation to another. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】virtue##irtue
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：中国人的传统美德应该代代相传。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为名词virtue“美德”作主语，满足句意要求，此时不可数。故填virtue。
46. Equipping ourselves with practical skills will help us live i______ (独立地) in the future. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】independently##ndependently
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：装备自己的实用技能将帮助我们在未来独立生活。修饰动词live，用副词形式作状语。“独立地”英文为independently。根据中英文提示及句意，故填independently。
47. It o______ (发生) to me that I had promised my sister to visit the elderly in the nursing home. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】occurred##ccurred
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：我想起来了，我答应过妹妹去养老院看望老人。根据括号内所给中文提示可知，本题考查it occurs/occurred to sb that“某人突然想到……”这一固定句型；需要注意的是根据后面的had promised这一过去完成时可知主句该使用一般过去时。故填occurred。
48. Individuals can make a big difference by r______ (回收利用) used materials, such as glass bottles, plastic bags and used books. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】recycling##ecycling
【解析】
【详解】考查动名词。句意：每个人都可以通过回收废旧材料，如玻璃瓶、塑料袋和旧书来发挥很大的作用。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为动词recycle“回收利用”，满足句意要求，结合空前by介词可知，此处应为动名词形式作宾语。故填recycling。
49. There is an urgent need to take action to m______ (维持) the sustainable growth of ecosystem. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】maintain##aintain
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：迫切需要采取行动，保持生态系统的可持续增长。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为动词maintain“维持”，满足句意要求，结合空前to不定式可知，为动词原形。故填maintain。
50. If you feel stressed, go to the playground to work out r______ (定期) to get relaxed. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】regularly##egularly
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：如果你感到有压力，定期去操场锻炼，放松自己。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为副词regularly“定期”作状语修饰动词短语 work out，满足句意要求。故填regularly。
51. As a famous s______ (谚语) goes, hard work can make up for the lack of intelligence. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】saying##aying
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：正如一句名言所说，勤奋可以弥补智力的不足。根据汉语意思提示和从句谓语goes单数形式可知，此处为名词单数saying“谚语”，作从句主语，满足句意要求。故填saying。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
52. 假如你是李华，你对本校学生的经典阅读情况进行了调查，结果如下图。请给校英文报投稿，呼吁同学们多读经典、传承文化，内容包括：
1. 经典阅读的现状;
2. 经典阅读的意义;
3. 你的呼吁。

注意：
1. 词数80左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear fellow students,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Li Hua
【答案】One possible version:
Dear fellow students,
Last week I did a research on students’ reading classics. 70% students never or seldom read classics, and only 16% students read regularly. Obviously, the majority of students ignore the significance of reading classics.
In fact, reading classics is rewarding. Classic works, which are time-tested and profound, can enlighten our mind, helping us develop a proper attitude towards life. Reading classics can also enrich our knowledge and broaden our horizon.
Therefore, I call on every student to read more classics regularly. Only in this way, can we have a better understanding of the world, and inherit the culture as well.
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于图表作文。要求考生就“关于本校学生的经典阅读情况的调查” 给校英文报投稿，呼吁同学们多读经典、传承文化。内容包括： 经典阅读的现状、经典阅读的意义和呼吁。
【详解】1.词汇积累
调查：research →survey
明显的：obviously → clearly/apparently
有意义的：rewarding→ meaningful/beneficial
开阔眼界：broaden one's horizon→ broaden one's vision
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Last week I did a research on students’ reading classics. 70% students never or seldom read classics, and only 16% students read regularly. 
拓展句：Last week I did a research on students’ reading classics, which shows that 70% students never or seldom read classics, with only 16% students reading regularly.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Classic works, which are time-tested and profound, can enlighten our mind, helping us develop a proper attitude towards life.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句和非谓语动词作状语）
【高分句型2】Only in this way，can we have a better understanding of the world, and inherit the culture as well.（运用了倒装句式）
第二节(满分25分)
53. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Mai Lin wasn’t doing well enough at school, or at least she wasn’t satisfied with herself. She wished she could do better.
“Let’s review the material we learned in the last unit,” the history teacher said. “Who can tell us what caused the War of 1812?” Mai Lin sat at her desk, staring ahead. She hoped the teacher wouldn’t call her name. They hadn’t studied the War of 1812 at her old school and she didn’t know the answer.
“Alison?” the teacher asked instead. Oh, perfect, Mai Lin thought. Of course Alison would have the answer. She seemed to have all the answers. Alison was the most popular girl in school – always surrounded by millions of boyfriends, best friends, and others. She was like a brilliant sun.
Mai Lin hadn’t made one or two friends of her own so far. Her old school was small and low-key, but a shy person like Mai Lin had a chance there. This new school, however, seemed as big as an airport to Mai Lin, and it seemed very hard to get around in it. She still got lost sometimes in the school.
Mai Lin frowned (皱眉) as Alison answered the teacher’s question. Alison probably never got lost, Mai Lin thought to herself. You could probably put Alison down in the middle of a desert, and within five minutes she’d be able to tell you the best way to get home.
History class finally ended, and Mai Lin headed for the gym. The class had been playing basketball. Alison, who was as tall and thin and attractive as a tree, was very good at it. Beside her, Mai Lin felt like a very small and foolish ant. Today, however, the gym teacher pointed to a thick rope hanging from the ceiling and said, “Everybody! You’re going to climb this rope today.”
注意：
1.续写词数应为 150 左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Hearing the teacher’s words, Mai Lin smiled.
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Mai Lin stepped forward and got close to the rope.
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【答案】Paragraph 1:
Hearing the teacher’s words Mai Lin smiled. She knew what was coming. They’d done lots of physical fitness training at her old school and she was quite good at rope climbing. “Who’s first?” the teacher asked. “Alison?” To Mai Lin’s surprise, Alison turned as pale as the moon and shook her head. “She’s scared,” Mai Lin thought. “Perfect Alison was scared.” Suddenly Mai Lin heard her own voice saying, “I’ll do it.” Alison looked up at Mai Lin in great surprise, and all the other classmates seemed surprised, too. The teacher nodded and told Mai Lin to climb.
Paragraph 2:
Mai Lin stepped forward and got close to the rope. She appeared calm but was extremely excited. She climbed the rope very fast and reached the ceiling within what seemed a few seconds, effortlessly. As she reached the top, she glanced down at her fellow students below. Now it was Alison who appeared like a small ant. She saw Alison looking up, eyes wide with admiration. Mai Lin clung to the top of the rope for a moment longer and then headed down to join the class. Once she got on the ground, everybody cheered. Mai Lin knew she would be different from that day on.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了麦琳从一个不起眼的小学校转到一所新的很大的学校，看到优秀同学艾莉森的表现后，感到不自信。一天，体育课上老师要求大家攀爬绳子。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“听到老师的话，麦琳笑了。”可知，第一段可描写麦琳找到了自己擅长的项目并勇敢表现自己。
②由第二段首句内容“麦琳向前迈了一步，靠近了绳子。”可知，第二段可描写成功爬上绳子后，麦琳找回了自信。
2.续写线索：艾莉森感到害怕——麦琳毛遂自荐——成功爬上绳子——麦琳找回自信
3.词汇激活
行为类
①攀登：climb/scale
②向前走：step forward/walk forward
③紧握不放：cling to/hold onto/grasp
情绪类
①害怕的：scared/frightened
②吃惊的：surprised/shocked
【点睛】[高分句型1] She knew what was coming.(运用了what引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2] As she reached the top, she glanced down at her fellow students below.(运用了as引导的时间状语从句)