【暑假高三预备】新高考地区英语高二（升高三）暑假专项-第14讲 语法填空 讲学案

这是一份【暑假高三预备】新高考地区英语高二（升高三）暑假专项-第14讲 语法填空 讲学案，共14页。学案主要包含了学习目标，基础知识，考点剖析，真题演练，过关检测等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第14讲语法填空讲与练
【学习目标】
1.了解语法填空考查内容
2.掌握语法填空解题技巧
【基础知识】
以说明文和记叙文为主，有提示词一般为6～7个，主要考查实词(名词、动词、形容词、副词)的派生法和基本用法；无提示词一般为3～4个，主要考查虚词(介词、冠词、连词、代词)；考点分布均匀，除了强调句型、倒装句、省略句、情态动词和虚拟语气之外，其他基础和重点语法项目均有考查，基本上每个空考查一个语法项目，但动词、名词等用法较多，可能从不同角度进行考查。
　从句子结构和语法形式入手考查句子常识和基础语法，语篇中的句子结构和常见的语法形式是命题重点；从词汇的本义、转义和前后缀的变化入手考查构词法，考查对象以实词中的动词、名词、形容词和副词为主。
解题流程
1．通读全文，理清逻辑
速览全文，尤其是文章的首尾句，以快速了解文章大意、把握基本情节及写作意图并确定总体时态。
2．分析成分，避难就易
此过程中，考生可根据以下几点，边读边填写，一定要做到整句整句地去看。
(1)根据固定语法，直接确定答案
无论是固定搭配还是固定句式，都会在文章中找到相应的隐藏提示，这种题可直接锁定答案。
(2)根据句子成分，确定所填词性
确定所填词性，是语法填空做题非常有效的手段之一。如，①作表语(系动词后)、定语(修饰名词)、或补语(表性质状态)时，通常用形容词；
②副词常用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或单独来修饰一句话，作状语；
③作主语或在及物动词、介词后作宾语，前面有形容词修饰时，通常填名词，且要格外注意名词的单复数；如确定出词性不需变化，那很可能是考查该词的意义相反的派生词；
④若空后为形容词最高级或形容词＋单数名词，则基本可确定填冠词；
⑤若名词前没有冠词、形容词性物主代词和不定代词，则很可能填限定词；
⑥如设空处前后均为句子(一般而言，可根据空后有没有实意动词来确定)，则要填关联词。
3．体会语境，攻克难题
少量比较难的问题(主要是关联词或动词的时态和语态)，可根据上下文或整篇语境去仔细体会， 细细琢磨，切忌粗心大意。
4．重读语篇，仔细核实
做完后，应将全文(含自己填写的答案)再仔细审读一遍，确保语意通顺和拼写形式正确。
有提示词类
先看所给词的词性 → 再考虑基本用法和词性转换
(一) 　提示词为动词

考点1　考查谓语动词
1．(2020·山东高考)Often, only a small part of a museum's collection 41 (be) on display.
【答案】　is　
【解析】“a part of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词通常与of后名词的数保持一致。本句中a small part of后的名词为a museum's collection，故填is。
2．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I 66 (make) over the years.
【答案】have made　
【解析】根据空格后的时间状语over the years可知，句子要用现在完成时。
考点2　考查非谓语动词
1．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)They represent the earth 63 (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.
【答案】coming　
【解析】　句意：它们代表着大地的复苏和对新的开始的美好祝愿。句中谓语动词为represent，所以这里为非谓语动词。名词earth与come back to之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语。故填coming。
2．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)A 90­year­old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for 61 (be) Britain's oldest full­time employee.
【答案】being　　
【解析】for为介词，介词后应接动名词形式。
考点3　考查词性转换
1．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)Chinese New Year is a 61 (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring.
【答案】celebration　
【解析】　不定冠词a后接名词形式。故填celebration。
2．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)When they were free from work, they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting 66 (compete) to watch.
【答案】　competition
【解析】　根据空格前的冠词＋形容词an interesting可知，此处应填所给词的名词形式competition。
(二) 　提示词为名词或代词

考点1　考查代词、名词的数与格
1．(2019·北京高考)No matter what you like to do, there is a way to get involved in various 6 (activity) on Earth Day.
【答案】　activities　
【解析】　根据修饰语various 可知用名词复数，指各种各样的活动。
2．(2016·四川高考)By that time, the panda no longer needed 68 (it) mother for food.
【答案】　　its　
【解析】　所给代词用来修饰其后的名词mother，应用其形容词性物主代词形式its，表示“它的母亲”。
　所给词为名词时，常考查单复数的变化，此时应首先判断所给名词为可数还是不可数再根据其修饰词来确定，例如，当其前有one of, many, different, all等词或短语且所给名词为可数名词时，应用其复数形式；有时也考查名词的所有格，此时它应做定语，译作“……的”。
所给词为代词时，常考查人称代词变为物主代词，此时其后一般会有一个名词，所给代词就是用来修饰这个名词的，译作“……的”。
考点2　考查名词的词性转换、代词的反身代词
1．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)Branches of Plum Blossoms (梅花): The 69 (beauty) long branches covered with pink­colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations.
【答案】　　beautiful
【解析】　修饰名词branches，用形容词形式。故填beautiful。
2．(2019·北京高考)I know I will whisper to 3 (I) the two simple words “Be yourself”．
【答案】myself　　
【解析】whisper to sb “低声对某人说”，此处指代主语I，故用反身代词myself。
3．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surface, do exercises to 68 (strength) your leg muscles, avoid hills and get good running shoes.
【答案】strengthen　
【解析】此处不定式短语作目的状语，故应填strength的动词形式strengthen。
所给词为名词时，有时也考查词类转换，主要是名词变为形容词或动词。所给词为代词时，有时考查人称代词变为反身代词。这两种情况一般可依据所作成分或句意进行判断。
(三) 　提示词为形容词或副词

考点1　考查形容词或副词的比较等级
1．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years 61 (long) than non­runners.
【解析】　longer　由设空后的than可知应用比较级形式，表示“比……活得长”。
2．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)He screams the 63 (loud) of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me.
【解析】loudest　根据空前的the及空后的of all可知，应填副词loud的最高级loudest。
3．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Even 66 (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up.
【解析】　worse　根据语意及空前的even可知此处表示程度的加深，意为“更为糟糕的是”，故应填其比较级。
　　当提示词为形容词或副词时，常考查比较等级(即比较级和最高级)。此时一般可根据所给提示词前后的than, by, the, even等比较等级中常出现的特殊词汇并结合语意去进行判断。
考点2　考查形容词的词性转换
1．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)As the small boat moved 68 (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water.
【解析】gently　此处修饰动词move应用副词gently，表示“缓缓地”。故填gently。
2．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Her years of hard work have 63 (final) been acknowledged after a customer nominated (提名) her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year.
【解析】　finally　修饰动词acknowledge应用副词形式。
3．(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)The title will be 63 (official) given to me at a ceremony in London.
【解析】　officially　修饰动词应用所给词的副词形式。
　　当所给提示词虽为形容词或副词且不是考查比较等级时，则应考虑形容词或副词的词性转换，一般常考查形容词变为副词或名词。做题时，除了根据句意进行判断外，主要应从其所作成分去思考。
无提示词
考点1　填冠词
1．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)When we got a call saying she was short­listed, we thought it was 69 joke.
【解析】a　joke “笑话，玩笑”，是可数名词。空格后的joke为单数，故其前用a。
2．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Unexpectedly, I'm face－to－face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at 62 top of her lungs.
【解析】the　at the top of one's lungs意为“以某人最大音量”，为固定短语。
3．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)As 65 result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.
【解析】　a　as a result为固定短语意为“结果，因此”。
　　若空后有名词且两者搭配在一起表示泛指或特指，或者有序数词、最高级、表示特指意义的比较级等形式，则一般填冠词。此外，还需注意冠词的固定搭配。
考点2　填介词
1．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)Bamboo plants are associated 67 health, abundance and a happy home.
【解析】with　句意：竹类植物与健康、富足和家庭幸福联系在一起。be associated with “与……相联系”。故填with。
2．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)We were first greeted with the barking by a pack 63 dogs, seven to be exact.
【解析】of　a pack of是固定搭配，意为“一群……”。
3．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)I was searching 67 these three western lowland gorillas I'd been observing.
【解析】for　search for为固定搭配，意为“寻找，搜寻”。
　当名词或代词在句中不作主语、表语或动词的宾语时，其前一般填介词。高考语法填空中对介词的考查侧重固定搭配或习惯用法，应注意平时多积累。
考点3　填代词
1．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Running is cheap, easy and ... If you are poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give 70 a try.
【解析】it/running　此处号召我们尝试一下跑步这种运动，因此可用it代指running，当然也可直接填running。
2．(2018·浙江高考)Many westerners who come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap 58 can be to eat out.
【解析】　it 　正常语序为 it can be how cheap to eat out，其中不定式为真正的主语，it为形式主语。
　当句子缺少主语或宾语时，一般要填入代词或名词。高考侧重对it作形式主语、宾语的考查，近几年对人称代词、不定代词的考查往往会给提示词的。
(二) 　根据上下句的逻辑关系

考点1　填关系词/连接词
1．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)In ancient China lived an artist 61 paintings were almost lifelike.
【解析】whose　此处为定语从句修饰先行词artist，且先行词在从句中作定语，故应用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。
2．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)They were well trained by their masters 64 had great experience with caring for these animals.
【解析】who　分析句子结构可知，所填词引导定语从句，修饰指人的先行词their masters，且在从句中作主语，故填关系代词who。
3．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Now Irene Astbury works from 9 am to 5 pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, 62 she opened with her late husband Les.
【解析】　which　分析句子结构可知，逗号后是非限制性定语从句，the pet shop是先行词，定语从句中缺少opened的宾语，故用which引导非限制性定语从句。
　　高考一般侧重对定语从句引导词的考查，名词性从句和状语从句的关联词亦会涉及。另外根据近几年高考语法填空的设空特点，也可用下列方法进行辅助判断：
(1)设空处跟在名词后面，且空后的句子对这个名词进行修饰限定，即表示这个名词的性质、特点等，则为定语从句，然后再根据这个名词在空后句子中所作的成分去判断用何关系词；如果空后的句子对前面的名词进行补充说明，即为前面名词的具体内容，则为同位语从句，此时要根据句子意义去分析用何关联词。也就是说，空前的那个名词如果可以代入空后的句子，则为定语从句；如果不能则为其他从句。
(2)设空处后面有两个谓语动词，通常后面的那个是主句的谓语，前面为主语从句；设空处跟在及物动词或介词后面，且后面有谓语动词，通常为宾语从句；设空处跟在系动词后面(注意系动词不仅仅是指be动词，还包括感官动词和表示动作保持或变化的动词)，则为表语从句。
(3)设空处前面是逗号，这时有三种可能：①如果修饰前面某一个名词，则为非限制性定语从句；②如果前后句式和意义完整，则用并列连词，可参考我们下面考点2的内容；③如果句子修饰动词或全句，则是状语从句。
考点2　填并列连词
1．(2020·山东高考)They kept their collection at home until it got too big 37 until they died, and then it was given to a museum.
【解析】　or　句意：他们把藏品留在家里，直到这些藏品变得太多或者他们去世，然后才会将其捐赠给博物馆。此处until it got too big和until they died是两个并列成分，表示选择关系，故填连词or。
2．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)I work not because I have to, 67 because I want to.
【解析】　but　根据语意可知此处应表示转折关系，另外not ... but ... “不是……而是……”，也是固定结构。
3．(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)In much of Asia, especially the so－called “rice bowl” cultures of China, Japan, Korea, 61 Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks.
【解析】and　这里列举了亚洲的一些国家，它们为并列关系，故应填and。
　　当空格处前后是同一层次并具有相同句法功能的词、短语或句子时，空格处一般填并列连词。此时要根据前后部分的逻辑关系或固定句式去填and, but，or等。
考点3　填从属连词
1．(2019·天津高考)Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents' opinion he wants their support.
【解析】unless　汤姆是如此独立，以至于他从来不征求父母的意见，除非他想得到他们的支持。由句意可知，此处填unless“除非”，引导条件状语从句。
2．(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)Over time, 65 the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.
【解析】as/when　设空处引导时间状语从句， 意为“随着人口的增长/当人口增长时”，故填as或when。
　　从属连词是连词的一种，用来引导从句，作为主句的一部分，修饰主句。确定从属连词的关键是，先判断其前后是不是两个完整的句子，它们是否都有各自的谓语，然后根据句意确定它们的从属关系判断具体用哪个词。
(三) 　根据句子结构

考点　填其他语境词
1．(2020·浙江高考)Farming produced more food per person 58 hunting and gathering, so people were able to raise more children.
【解析】than　此句将农业生产与狩猎和采集相比，应用比较连词than。more ... than ... 意为“比……更……”。故填than。
2．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)On our way to the house, it was raining 61 hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take to get there.
【解析】　so　分析句子结构可知，此处是so ... that ...结构，意为“如此……以至于……”，so修饰副词hard。
【考点剖析】
考点1.考查动词
True to a gorilla's unaggressive nature, the huge animal 69 (mean) me no real harm. He was just saying ...
【解析】　meant　句中缺少谓语动词，根据下文时态可知答案。
　若句中没有其他的谓语动词，或者虽已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系时，所给动词就是谓语动词，就要考虑时态、语态和主谓一致，偶尔也有考查虚拟语气的情况。
考点2.考查非谓语
You don't have to run fast or for long 62 (see) the benefit.
【解析】　to see　句中已有谓语部分don't have to run且无连词，所以空格处应填非谓语动词，根据语境可知此处为目的状语，故应填动词不定式。
　　若句中已有谓语动词且不是并列谓语时，则所给动词应用非谓语动词形式。一般而言，v.－ing形式表示主动、进行；v.－ed形式表示被动、完成；动词不定式表示目的、将来、具体或一次性的动作。
考点3.考查词性转换
However, be 69 (care) not to go to extremes.
【解析】　careful　be之后接形容词作表语，care的形容词形式是careful。
　当所给提示词虽为动词，但既不是谓语动词又不是非谓语动词时，就要考虑进行词性转换。高考中常考查动词变为名词，偶有变形容词或副词的情况。做题时只需根据其所作句子成分来确定其词性便可做出正确的转换。
考点4.考查无提示词
The review says it is more effective at lengthening life 65 walking, cycling or swimming.
【解析】　than　根据设空前的more effective可知，此处使用了比较级结构，故应用than引出比较对象。
高考语法填空中，有时也需要根据固定搭配或句式以及逻辑关系来填写适当的语境词，这类知识侧重基础知识的积累和对语篇的理解。在平时做题时要多加分析，勤于总结。
【真题演练】
(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Chang'e­4 probe (探测器)—the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess— 61 (touch) down last week in the South Pole­Aitken basin. Landing on the moon's far side is 62 (extreme) challenging. Because the moon's body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot 63 it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. The far side of the moon is of particular 64 (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山), more so 65 the familiar near side. Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang'e­4 66 (find) and study areas of the South Pole­Aitken basin. “This really excites scientists，” Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, “because it 67 (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 68 (construct)．” Data about the moon's composition, such as how 69 ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether 70 (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.
本文是一篇说明文。中国成为第一个将航天器降落在月球背面的国家，文章主要介绍了中国无人月球探测器嫦娥四号发射的意义。
61．【答案】touched
【解析】设空处是句子的谓语，根据时间状语last week可知应使用一般过去时，故填touched。
62．【答案】extremely
【解析】设空处修饰形容词challenging，应使用extreme的副词形式，故填extremely。
63．【答案】where
【解析】句意：中国首先必须把一颗人造卫星送入月球轨道上的一个点，人造卫星可以在这个点向航天器和地球发射信号。分析句子可知，空处引导一个定语从句，先行词是a spot，关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用where引导。故填where。
64．【答案】interest
【解析】句意：月球背面让科学家尤其感兴趣。根据空前的形容词particular可知，空处应填名词，interest是不可数名词，be of interest to sb意为“(某物)使某人感兴趣”。故填interest。
65．【答案】than
【解析】句意：因为它比熟悉的一面有更多的深环形山。根据空前的比较级more so可知，此处填介词than，表示“比……更”。故填than。
66．【答案】to find
句意：中国的研究者希望使用嫦娥四号上的设备来发现和研究南极艾特肯盆地。此处表示目的，应使用不定式作目的状语。故填to find。
67．【答案】means
句意：“这真的使科学家们激动，”布朗大学的一位科学家Carle Pieters说：“因为它意味着我们有机会获得月球是如何构造的信息。”根据上文“This really excites scientists”可知，此处也使用一般现在时，主语是it，所以空处谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式means，故填means。
68．【答案】is constructed
分析句子可知，此处是宾语从句谓语动词，谓语construct与主语the moon之间是被动关系，应使用被动语态，再由上下文可知此处应使用一般现在时，主语the moon是单数，故填is constructed。
69．【答案】much
句意：关于月亮构成的数据，比如它含有多少冰和其他物质结构，可以帮助中国决定它未来月球基地的计划是否实用。ice是不可数名词，应使用much修饰，故填much。
70．【答案】its
根据空后的名词plans可知，此处应使用形容词性物主代词its，故填its。
(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88°， there is evidence 61 they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been 62 (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000­25,000 polar bears worldwide.
Modern methods 63 tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid­1980s, and are expensive 64 (perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut 65 (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a 66 (believe) that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by 67 (note) that hungry bears may be congregating (聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion (错觉) that populations are 68 (high) than they actually are. Of 69 nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six 70 (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了北极熊种群数量越来越少、亟须保护的现状。
61．【答案】that
【解析】分析句子结构可知，所填词引导同位语从句，解释说明evidence的具体内容，从句中不缺少成分且意义完整，故用that引导。
62．【答案】poorly
【解析】studied应用形容词poor的副词形式poorly。
63．【答案】of/for
【解析】a method of/for doing sth意为“做某事的方法”。
64．【答案】to perform
【解析】此处是“主语＋be＋adj.＋不定式”结构，不定式用主动形式表示被动含义。故应填to perform。
65．【答案】have reported
【解析】根据句中的时间状语“in recent years”可判断时态用现在完成时，故应填have reported。
66．【答案】belief
【解析】根据空格前的不定冠词a可知，此处应填believe的名词形式belief。
67．【答案】noting
【解析】介词后接动词时，应用其动名词形式。故应填noting。
68．【答案】higher
【解析】根据空格后的than可知，此处应用high的比较级形式higher。
69．【答案】the
【解析】此处特指确认的19个亚种群，故应填the。
70．【答案】 are
【解析】此处陈述客观事实，时态应用一般现在时；six指代six polar bear subpopulations，谓语动词应用复数。故应填are。
【过关检测】

[1]
I can well remember that I was once asked to deliver a speech titled “A Real Test in My Life” before the whole class at the age of 9! You can imagine how 1 (terrible) shy I was with so many eyes 2 (fix) on me. I had no 3 (choose) but to prepare for it, though. First of all, I was to draft the speech, which was just a piece of cake for me, a good writer. But the hardest part 4 (lie) in my oral presentation from my memory for to read from the paper was not allowed. The real moment began 5 I stood on the platform with my legs trembling and my mind blank. But my listeners were waiting patiently without any signs of rushing me. Gradually I found myself back, 6 (deliver) my speech with difficulty. After what seemed to be a hundred years I found my audience applauding—I made 7 ！ From then on, my fear of talking before the audience disappeared. Actually with my 8 (confident) built up, I now turn out to be a great speaker. Looking back, I know the greatest difficulty on our way 9 success is our fear. Overcome it 10 we will be able to achieve our goals.
1． 　2. 　3. 　4.
5． 　6. 　7. 　8.
9． 　10.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者自己第一次演讲的经历。
1．【答案】terribly　
【解析】考查词性转换。此处用副词terribly 修饰形容词shy作状语，故填terribly。
2．【答案】fixed　
【解析】考查非谓语动词。在 with的复合结构中，名词 so many eyes和动词fix是被动关系，所以用过去分词fixed，表示“这么多的眼睛固定在我身上”。
3．【答案】choice　
【解析】考查词性转换。have no choice but to do sth意为“除了做某事没有别的选择”，故填choice。
4．【答案】lay　
【解析】考查动词的时态。根据上文可知，本句讨论的是过去的事，所以谓语动词用过去式lay，表示“存在于”。
5．【答案】when　
【解析】考查状语从句的连接词。用when引导时间状语从句“I stood on the platform with my legs trembling and my mind blank”，表示“当我站在讲台上时，腿在颤抖，脑袋一片空白”，故填when。
6．【答案】delivering　
【解析】考查非谓语动词。设空处作 found myself 的宾补，用现在分词delivering，表示“发现自己在发表演讲”，故填delivering。
7．【答案】it　
【解析】考查代词。表示“我做成某事”，用固定句式I made it。故填it。
8．【答案】confidence　
【解析】考查词性转换。my是形容词性物主代词，修饰名词confidence，表示“我的自信”，故填confidence。
9．【答案】to　
【解析】考查介词。表示“在通往某地的路上”，用固定短语on one's way to，故填to。
10．【答案】and　
【解析】考查连词。Overcome it表示“克服它”；we will be able to achieve our goals表示“我们能够实现我们的目标”，所以两句是承接关系，故用 and来连接。
[2]
My father always told me, “All work is noble.” He wasn't wealthy, but he earned a quite 1 (reason) living. Thanks to his effort, I was able to go to an art college. I, however, wanted to do something different, something more interesting—I was special!
After graduation, I moved to New York 2 search of a graphic designer job. It was winter and I only brought money to support myself for about a month. I wasn't worried—I was sure I'd find a fantastic job immediately.
Within a few weeks, 3 (reject) many times in town, I found myself wandering around the streets. My hostel rent was almost gone and I hadn't eaten for days. “How had I reached this point？” I wondered as I trembled in my thin jacket.
I was just about to give up 4 my dad called. He suggested I get a job in a restaurant until something else came along. At first, pride made me hesitate but I was cold, hungry, and unwilling to go home feeling ashamed and defeated.
I entered a cafe near one of the design 5 (office) that had turned me away and asked the manager if they were hiring waiters. She said they were shorthanded, and I 6 (offer) a job right away. Surprisingly, I found that I really enjoyed serving people. I started making big tips. Later, the manager learned that I had a design background and asked me to design the cafe menus. That led to a part­time job at an advertising company.
7 (previous) I had never considered 8 (be) a waiter, but there I was. I eventually got my dream design job, but that winter I learned not to make an 9 (assume) about work. The restaurant 10 I once worked will be remembered by me forever.
1． 　2. 　3. 　4.
5． 　6. 　7. 　8.
9． 　10.
篇章导读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者在找工作的过程中经历了许多困难，后来明白了任何工作都是值得尊敬的。
1．【答案】reasonable　
【解析】考查词性转换。此处修饰名词living应用形容词，故填reasonable。
2．【答案】in　
【解析】考查介词。in search of 意为“搜索，寻找”，故填in。
3．【答案】rejected　
【解析】考查非谓语动词。reject在句中作非谓语动词，且与逻辑主语I构成被动，故用过去分词rejected。
4．【答案】when　
【解析】考查连词。sb be to do sth when ... 意为“某人正要做某事，突然……”，故填when。
5．【答案】offices　
【解析】考查名词。one of后跟名词复数形式，表示“……其中之一”，故填offices。
6．【答案】was offered　
【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，且根据上文said可知，应用一般过去时，主语为I，故填was offered。
7．【答案】Previously
　【解析】考查词性转换。修饰后文整个句子应用副词，故填Previously。
8．【答案】being　
【解析】考查非谓语动词。consider doing sth意为“考虑做某事”。故填being。
9．【答案】assumption　
【解析】考查名词。根据上文an可知，应填单数名词assumption，make an assumption意为“做假设”。
10．【答案】where
【解析】考查定语从句的引导词。此处为定语从句修饰先行词restaurant，且先行词在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where。
[3]
Alice Pang from Hong Kong always liked dressing well and looking elegant, but never 1 (actual) considered a career (职业) in modelling. But her granddaughter always thought she had a gift 2 it, so when she saw an online ad for senior models over 65, she sent in Alice's pictures and she was selected for a photo shoot.
Though 3 (know) nothing about modelling, Alice Pang had all the natural qualities and succeeded. Today, she 4 (recognize) as one of the best senior models in Asia, as well as the oldest.
“What I was worried about was 5 I did not have the slightest idea of how to model. But my manager taught me a lot and those girls helped me with my makeup. I gradually developed an interest in modelling and got 6 (good) at it，” Alice said in an interview.
“I entered 7 industry when I was 93 and this is my third year working as a model，” she added.
While most people praise her for her 8 (act) lifestyle and the courage to start a whole new career in her nineties, Alice Pang is not without her critics (批评). She chooses 9 (ignore) them, though, saying that her personal 10 (happy) is all that counts.
1． 　2. 　3. 　4.
5． 　6. 　7. 　8.
9． 　10.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了亚洲最高龄模特——Alice Pang(爱丽丝·庞)的模特事业。
1．【答案】actually　
【解析】考查词性转换。此处后面有动词considered，因此应用副词修饰动词，故填actually。
2．【答案】for　
【解析】考查介词。have a gift for意为“有……的天赋”，故填for。
3．【答案】knowing　
【解析】考查非谓语动词。此处是非谓语动词作状语，know这个动作是由 Alice Pang发出，故此处应用现在分词，故填knowing。
4．【答案】is recognized/has been recognized　
【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。此处应填谓语动词，主语she和recognize之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，又结合语境判断为现在完成时或一般现在时，主语she是第三人称单数，故填is recognized/has been recognized。
5．【答案】that　
【解析】考查表语从句的连接词。该句是表语从句，意思完整，故用连接词that引导。
6．【答案】better　
【解析】考查形容词的比较级。此处应填形容词作为got的表语，又结合句意可知，此处应填形容词比较级，故填better。
7．【答案】the　
【解析】考查冠词。根据句意可知，此处特指“模特这一行”，故填the。
8．【答案】active　
【解析】考查词性转换。此处应填形容词修饰名词lifestyle，故填active。
9．【答案】to ignore　
【解析】考查非谓语动词。choose to do sth 意为“选择做某事”，故填to ignore。
10．【答案】happiness　
【解析】考查词性转换。此处应填名词作为句子主语，故填happiness。