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精品解析：山东省潍坊市五县市2022-2023学年高三10月统考英语试题（含听力）
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这是一份精品解析：山东省潍坊市五县市2022-2023学年高三10月统考英语试题（含听力），文件包含山东省潍坊市五县市2022-2023学年高三10月统考英语试题含听力解析版docx、山东省潍坊市五县市2022-2023学年高三10月统考英语试题含听力原卷版docx、高三英语听力普通生mp3等3份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共49页， 欢迎下载使用。
2022-2023学年度上学期质量监测
高三英语
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Who will probably get the old chair?
A. The lady in black. B. The man in red. C. The man in blue.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: What is the bid for this beautiful old chair? Ah, I see 100 yuan from the man in red. Now 200 yuan from the lady in black. And sir, the man in blue, what is your bid?
M: I will bid 300 yuan for it.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What do we know about the shirt?
A. It needs to be ironed B. It is being washed now. C. It is still in the laundry basket.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Is my best shirt clean, honey? I thought I threw it in the laundry basket yesterday. I need it for work today.
W: It’s washed, but it has a ton of wrinkles. I can have it ready in about 10 minutes.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Who is the man speaking to?
A. An old lady. B. A small child. C. A disabled woman
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Would you like me to help you down the stairs? They can be a little difficult for some people.
W: No, I can manage myself. I still have a few good years left in me.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What did the man do last year?
A. He won a competition,
B. He worked as a volunteer
C. He enjoyed some exhibitions.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: I want to volunteer at the science fair this year. I should have done it last year, but I wanted to look around at the other exhibitions.
W: Well, they’ll definitely accept you, since you won the competition two years ago.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How many times has the man seen the singer?
A. Once. B. Twice. C. Three times.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: That singer you like is performing at the stadium in January. Are you going?
M: I’d like to, but the tickets are so expensive and I did see him in London and Birmingham.
W: You also saw him in Manchester. We went with you.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. Why did the woman decide to take the dance lesson finally?
A. Her friend persuaded her.
B. She overcame her fear on her own.
C. She saw everyone having a good time.
7. How many kinds of dance does the woman mention?
A. Two. B. Three. C. Four.
【答案】6. A 7. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Did you go to your dance lesson this evening?
W: Yes, but I almost didn’t.
M: Why?
W: I was afraid that everyone would laugh at me. But those dancers are very good.
M: Yes. But did you finally overcome your fear?
W: I wouldn’t have been able to on my own, but just as I was turning to leave, an old friend came over to me. He made me promise to stay.
M: So, did you learn anything?
W: Yeah, I learned how to do everything from the tango to the polka.
M: What was your favorite?
W: The waltz!
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. Which class did Tom attend today?
A. Physics. B. Geometry. C. Chemistry.
9. What do we know about Tom?
A. He knows little about the moon.
B. He is a freshman in high school.
C. He shows little interest in the class.
10. Who is the woman in the conversation?
A. A scientist. B. Tom’s teacher. C. Tom’s mother.
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. C
【解析】
【原文】W: What did you learn in class today, Tom?
M: We learned about how things move and the variations that make them move differently.
W: I thought you had geometry on Wednesdays. This sounds complicated for the first-year high school students.
M: We usually do have geometry, but a special speaker came in today. Besides, it isn’t nearly as hard as the chemistry class on Thursday.
W: So what did you learn?
M: Well, the scientist that came in told us all about how speed and weight change the way that things interact with our world. But he was surprised when I asked my question about something else.
W: What did you ask about?
M: I remembered a long time ago when you and Dad told me about gravity. We were talking about the moon and how people can jump really high there. So I asked him what the difference would be between one object here and on the moon.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11. Why will the man go to the parking lot?
A. To fetch his wallet. B. To appreciate paintings. C. To find the main entrance.
12. Where does the woman usually eat?
A. In a cafe. B. In a grocery store. C. In a restaurant.
13. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Strangers. B. colleague. C. classmate.
【答案】11. A 12. C 13. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Hello, can you show me the way to the main entrance? I think I dropped my wallet in the parking lot.
W: Yes, go past the Renaissance paintings and turn into the room with the 20th century art. You’ll see a long hallway. Walk down that hallway to the stairs at the end. Go down two flights of stairs to the first floor. Turn right, and the entrance is just past the elevators.
M: Thank you. Will the security guard let me in again after I leave the building?
W: Since you’ve already bought a ticket, just get your hand stamped at the front desk. That way, you can go in and out as many times as you want before closing.
M: Great! Oh, one more thing… Do you know of a good place to eat around here?
W: There’s a café in the lower level of the museum.
M: I know, but it’s too expensive. Anything outside of the museum?
W: Well, I usually go to the Vietnamese restaurant across the street. But the grocery store around the corner is even cheaper.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14. What does the man want the girl to eat?
A. Steaks. B. Chicken. C. Hamburgers.
15. What is the main reason for the girl giving up meat?
A. To save animals. B. To improve her health. C. To protect the environment.
16. How many classmate of the girl’s gave up meat?
A. Three. B. Four. C. Six.
17. Where are the speakers?
A. At home. B. In a canteen. C. In a supermarket.
【答案】14. B 15. A 16. B 17. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Eat your meat. Chicken is good for you.
W: I have decided I am going to stop eating meat.
M: What, in the middle of dinner? Why are you doing that?
W: Mainly because I do not think that animals should suffer to provide us with food.
M: But what about your health?
W: I have read that it is healthier not to eat meat. Also, keeping farm animals is bad for the environment.
M: But won’t you miss eating a nice steak or a hamburger?
W: I don’t think so. My friends haven’t.
M: So it isn’t just you? How many of you are doing this?
W: It started with one girl in my class. Then another three joined her. Now I’ve decided I will give up meat as well.
M: What about milk, eggs and butter? They all come from animals.
W: I don’t mind having milk or butter. They don’t do any harm.
M: Well, we can’t make separate meals for you. You will just have to eat the vegetables and not the meat.
W: That’s OK. I might even make my own meals sometimes.
M: Do you think you will stick with it?
W: I don’t think I will ever eat meat again—and I think I will be a lot healthier for it.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
18. Which is Director Jon Favreau’s earliest film?
A. The Lion King. B. The Jungle Book. C. Iron Man.
19. What is unique about The Jungle Book?
A. It introduce real animals. B. It featured new music. C. It is all filmed indoors.
20. What do some early reviews say about the new version of The Lion King?
A. It is very similar to the original.
B. It is not the same story as the original.
C. The voice actors are better in the original.
【答案】18. C 19. C 20. A
【解析】
【原文】According to people inside the movie industry, this year’s remake of The Lion King becomes “the biggest movie event of the decade”. Most of us — no matter how old we are — have seen or heard of the 1994 original cartoon movie. Audiences fell in love with the adorable characters, memorable music, and moving story. Just three years later, it became an award-winning musical play. Then the brilliant Jon Favreau came into the picture. First, he had amazing success with his re-imagining of the cartoon book Iron Man. Later, he was asked to do the same with The Jungle Book, another famous Disney cartoon. In this movie, he worked with the Moving Picture Company to create something that hadn’t been done before. They created moving and talking animals inside a realistic and detailed environment without leaving the studio. The final product was so well-received that Disney immediately asked him to remake The Lion King. The new version, which came out in July 2019, uses all of the same technology to create a realistic African environment. But most importantly, early reviews say it remains true to the original. It features all the same music, follows the same story, and even stars one of the original voice-actors. However, not everyone gave positive reviews. Some reviewers said they expected a little more creativity instead of an exact copy of the 1994 version. Well, I guess you can’t please everyone. But you can bet that whatever happens, it’s going to make a lot of money.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Our Easiest Jitterbug Phone Ever
The Jitterbug * flip from the makes of the original easy-to-use cell phone, has big buttons and an unique Urgent Response button on the keypad.
Easy to Use
Today, cell phoned are hard to hear, difficult to dial and overloaded with feature you may never use. That’s not the case with the Jitterbug * Flip 2. A large screen, big buttons and one-touch speed dialing make it easy to call family and friends and the powerful speaker ensure every conversation will be loud and clear.
Easy to Enjoy
Wherever you go, a built-in camera makes it easy and fun for you to capture and share your favorite memories. Plus, the flashlight and built-in magnified (放大镜) help you see in dark areas
Easy to Be Prepared
Life has a way of being unpredictable, but you can be prepared in an uncertain or unsafe situation with Urgent Response Service. Simply press the Urgent Response button to speak with a highly trained agent who can confirm your location, evaluate your situation and get you the help you need.
Flexible and Affordable Plans
The Jitterbug * Flip2 is one of the most affordable cell phone on the market and comes with reliable nationwide coverage. With no long-term contracts or cancellation feds, you can switch plans anytime.
$11.99/mo.
$14.99/mo.
$17.99/mo.
$19.99/mo.
100 minutes
10¢ per text
300 minutes
7 ¢ per text
500 minutes
4¢ per text
Unlimited minutes
Unlimited texts
The phone is available in-store or online at lively. com / flip. If you want to learn more, call 1.866.490.3411.
21. What makes the Jitterbug * Flip2 help you out of danger?
A. A large screen. B. The powerful speaker.
C A build-in camera. D. The Urgent Response button.
22. Which plan suits you best if you need to send short messages frequently?
A. $11.99/ mo. B. $14.99/ mo.
C. $17.99/ mo. D. $19.99/ mo
23. Where can the text probably be found?
A. In a magazine. B. an a textbook.
C. In an academic paper. D. In a news report.
【答案】21. D 22. D 23. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍一款手机——the Jitterbug * Flip 2。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Easy to Be Prepared部分“Life has a way of being unpredictable, but you can be prepared in an uncertain or unsafe situation with Urgent Response Service. Simply press the Urgent Response button to speak with a highly trained agent who can confirm your location, evaluate your situation and get you the help you need.(生活总是不可预测的，但是你可以通过紧急回应服务在不确定或不安全的情况下做好准备。只要按下紧急回应按钮，就可以与一位训练有素的特工通话，他可以确认你的位置，评估你的情况，并为你提供所需的帮助。)”可知，当你处于危险中时，可以使用手机上的紧急回应按钮，及时联系到一位训练有素的特工通话，他可以确认你的位置，评估你的情况，并为你提供所需的帮助。故选D。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格最右边一列“$19.99/mo. Unlimited minutes, Unlimited texts(每月19.99美元，无限时，无限短信)”可知，如果经常发短信，可以使用每月19.99美元的套餐。故选D。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“The phone is available in-store or online at lively. com / flip. If you want to learn more, call 1.866.490.3411.(这款手机可以在店内或在lively. com / flip网上购买。如果你想了解更多，请拨打1.866.490.3411。)”可知，这篇文章是为了推销这款手机，所以不会出现在课本、学术论文和新闻报道上，可能会出现在杂志上。故选A。
B
São Paulo is playing host to an unsustainable mountain of waste due to a general lack of participation in recycling properly. Mar ion Bernardi, a student from France, has proposed a neat way of getting kids in on the act of sorting domestic waste.
Mar ion registered for an art class in high school when she realised her love for creating objects. Entering for design studies at L’Ecole de Design Nantes Atlantique was a logical next step for her. She took advantage of a chance to study abroad briefly, moving for a time to pursue a Master’s degree in Transcultural Design in sad polo. “For my end of studies project” she says, “I decided to work on the waste sorting issue in sad Paulo, and finally I created the Recicla Dia a Dia project.”
Recicla Dia a Dia, is an ambitious idea whereby (凭此) kids are involved into recycling through a special classroom-based contest. With the help of smartphones, participants can take pat through an ape, along with a supply of custom-made tokens (代币) and a number of engaging activities to get them on the right path. The ape keeps the topic exciting, using colourful cartoon characters in the form of drink cans, plastic bottles and banana peels with faces to give it a distinctive child-led look.
The Recicla Dia a Dia app is specially-designed to educate the user, so they know how to deal with most forms of recyclable plastic, glass, paper and metal items. It comes through the use of a “separator” an interactive guide on the ape, which informs the child about whether waste is dry recyclable or not, via a set of clear questions.
To progress in the contest and get rewards, the child must level up by gaining experience. Experience can be gained by bringing in bags of dry recyclables counted by the teacher and by completing weekly ‘Zero Waste’ challenge. Beyond education through play, Mar ion man ages to create a link between home and school and provide a global solution to a major issue.
24. What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about Mar ion?
A. Her pursue of studying abroad. B. Her future career plans.
C. Her experience of learning design. D. He university research topic.
25. What do we know about Recicla Dia a Dia?
A. It uses real images. B. It requires children to buy tokens.
C. It’s a computer gaming ape. D. It’s done through a competition.
26. How can a child identify dry recyclable waste?
A. By answering questions. B. By asking the teacher.
C. By using a sorting machine D. By judging the shapes.
27. Which of the following best describe the project?
A. Costly and effective. B. Interesting and challenging.
C. Simple and practical D. Amazing and time-consuming.
【答案】24. C 25. D 26. A 27. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述来自法国的学生马里昂·贝尔纳迪提出的一个让孩子们参与家庭垃圾分类的简单方法——Recicla Dia a Dia 项目。
【24题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“Mar ion registered for an art class in high school when she realised her love for creating objects. Entering for design studies at L’Ecole de Design Nantes Atlantique was a logical next step for her. She took advantage of a chance to study abroad briefly, moving for a time to pursue a Master’s degree in Transcultural Design in sad polo. “For my end of studies project” she says, “I decided to work on the waste sorting issue in sad Paulo, and finally I created the Recicla Dia a Dia project.””(马里昂在高中注册了一门艺术课程，当时她意识到自己对创造物体的热爱。对她来说，进入南特大西洋设计学院学习设计是顺理成章的下一步。她利用这个机会在国外短暂地学习了一段时间，然后穿着悲伤的马球衣去攻读跨文化设计硕士学位。“为了完成我的研究项目,”她说，“我决定在圣保罗研究垃圾分类问题，最后我创建了 Recicla Dia a Dia 项目。”)可知，第二段主要讲述马里昂学习设计的经历。故选C。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Recicla Dia a Dia, is an ambitious idea whereby (凭此) kids are involved into recycling through a special classroom-based contest.”(Recicla Dia a Dia 是一个雄心勃勃的想法，通过一个特殊的教室为基础的比赛，让孩子们参与回收利用。)可知，Recicla Dia a Dia是通过比赛的方式让孩子们参与的。故选D。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“It comes through the use of a “separator” an interactive guide on the ape, which informs the child about whether waste is dry recyclable or not, via a set of clear questions.”(它通过使用一个“分离器”，一个关于猩猩的互动指南，通过一系列清晰的问题告诉孩子废物是否可以干燥回收。)可知，孩子们可以通过提问问题的方式得知废物是否可以干燥回收。故选A。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Recicla Dia a Dia, is an ambitious idea whereby (凭此) kids are involved into recycling through a special classroom-based contest. With the help of smartphones, participants can take pat through an ape, along with a supply of custom-made tokens (代币) and a number of engaging activities to get them on the right path. The ape keeps the topic exciting, using colourful cartoon characters in the form of drink cans, plastic bottles and banana peels with faces to give it a distinctive child-led look.”(Recicla Dia a Dia 是一个雄心勃勃的想法，通过一个特殊的教室为基础的比赛，让孩子们参与回收利用。在智能手机的帮助下，参与者可以轻轻拍打一只猿猴，同时提供定制的代币和一系列有趣的活动，让他们走上正确的道路。这只大猩猩让这个话题保持兴奋，它使用了五颜六色的卡通人物，比如饮料罐、塑料瓶和带有人脸的香蕉皮，给人一种与众不同的儿童主导的感觉。)和最后一段“To progress in the contest and get rewards, the child must level up by gaining experience. Experience can be gained by bringing in bags of dry recyclables counted by the teacher and by completing weekly ‘Zero Waste’ challenge.”(为了在比赛中取得进步并获得奖励，孩子必须通过积累经验来提高水平。经验可以通过带来一袋袋干的可回收利用的数量由老师和完成每周的“零废物”挑战。)可知，Recicla Dia a Dia是一个有趣并且有挑战性的项目。故选B。
C
As anyone in mainland Britain who has ever attempted to grow berries or nuts or indeed feed the birds – will know, doing so is equal to an opening move in a game of chess with local grey squirrels, a game the squirrels tend to win. Grey squirrels are also fond of the occasional bird’s egg or the young bird, and enjoy tearing and eating the bark of young broad leaf trees, which can either kill the trees or leave them open to infection. This, apart from affecting biodiversity and landscape, harms the wood industry. The loss is not insignificant: £37 a year in England and walks.
Grey squirrels, introduced from North America in 1876, have almost replaced native red squirrels by competing them for food and habitat. They are larger and stronger, and resistant to squirrel pox virus, while reds are not. About 3 million grey squirrels now live in the UK; the International Union for Conservation of Nature lists the grey squirrel among the top 100 most harmful invasive (入侵的) species in the world.
In Britain, much effort and inventiveness has been made in stopping grey squirrel progress, from trapping and shooting them, to releasing pine mar tens into their habitats. The latest move, a workable system for which was thought to be a decade away, is forbidding the breeding (繁殖) of grey squirrels. However, legal challenge brought so many delays that the invasive grey squirrel population expanded to an unmanageable level and wiping out were abandoned. The main issue in Britain was thought to be more technological than legal designing a drug that targets only grey squirrels to prevent their breeding. Another possibility in the years ahead is to use DNA editing to ensure grey female are born unable to give birth.
Grey squirrels have now been here for nearly 150 years. They do actively threaten another species in Britain. There is a strong argument that ecosystems change. In fact, that is their essential nature, and it is unrealistic to stop it. The attraction of controlling the breeding methods of grey squirrels is that they are less inhumane, and aim for balance rather than uprooting.
28. What does the author focus on in paragraph 1?
A. The harm from grey squirrels.
B. The eating habits of grey squirrels.
C. The effect of grey squirrels on industry.
D. The game between the British and grey squirrels.
29. What led to the victory of grey squirrels over reds?
A. Their huge number. B. Their unique origins.
C. Their breeding ability. D. Their physical qualities.
30. What is the main difficulty in removing grey squirrels in Britain?
A. Less labour. B. Shortage of money.
C. Imperfect law. D. Lack of technology.
31. What is the author’s attitude to forbidding the breeding of grey squirrels?
A. Unclear. B. Objective.
C. Favorable. D. Doubtful.
【答案】28. A 29. D 30. D 31. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了灰松鼠的危害，和英国本土的红松鼠相比，它们更大更强壮，能抵抗松鼠痘病毒;清除灰松鼠面临的主要困难是缺乏技术。
【28题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Grey squirrels are also fond of the occasional bird’s egg or the young bird, and enjoy tearing and eating the bark of young broad leaf trees, which can either kill the trees or leave them open to infection. This, apart from affecting biodiversity and landscape, harms the wood industry.(灰松鼠也喜欢偶尔的鸟蛋或雏鸟，喜欢撕扯和吃年轻的阔叶树的树皮，这可能会杀死树或使它们容易感染。这除了影响生物多样性和景观外，还损害了木材工业)”可知文章第一段主要讲解了灰松鼠的危害。故选A。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“They are larger and stronger, and resistant to squirrel pox virus, while reds are not.(它们更大更强壮，能抵抗松鼠痘病毒，而红色则不行)”可知它们的身体素质使灰松鼠战胜了红松鼠。故选D。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The main issue in Britain was thought to be more technological than legal designing a drug that targets only grey squirrels to prevent their breeding.(在英国，主要的问题被认为是技术而不是法律，设计一种只针对灰松鼠的药物来阻止它们繁殖)”可知在英国清除灰松鼠的主要困难是缺乏技术。故选D。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Grey squirrels have now been here for nearly 150 years. They do actively threaten another species in Britain. There is a strong argument that ecosystems change.(灰松鼠已经在这里生活了近150年。它们确实在积极威胁着英国的另一种物种。生态系统会发生变化，这是一个强有力的论点)”可知作者对禁止饲养灰松鼠的态度是赞成的。故选C。
D
To the Sweden, there are few smells more attractive than surströmming (臭鲱鱼). To most non-Sweden there are probably few smells more repulsive — the fish has been described variously as smelling like sour cat litter, or even droppings-like. In determining which smells people find pleasant or not, surströmming suggests culture must play a size able part.
New research, however, suggests that might not be the case. Artin Arshamian, a neuroscientist at the Karolinska Institute in Sweden, and Asifa Majid, a psychologist at the University of Oxford, began with the expectation that culture would play an important role in determining pleasant smells. This was not just because of examples like that of surströmming. They knew from past experiments by other researchers that culture was important in determining which sorts of faces people found beautiful.
To study how smell and culture relate, the researchers presented ten smells. These smells varied from herb to isovaleric acid, the chemical responsible for smelly socks. More in-between smells, which the team thought might split opinions, included octanoic acid; and octenol, an carthy smell found in many mushrooms. The cultures doing the smelling varied widely too, including hunters, farmers and city folk.
All 235 participants were asked to rank smells according to pleasantness. The researchers found that pleasantness ran kings were remarkable consistent regardless of where people came from. Isovaleric acid was hated by the vast majority, only eight giving it a score of l to 3 (I was very pleasant and 10 was very unpleasant ). On the other hand, more than 190 people gave herb a score of l to 3. Overall, the chemical composition of the smells explained 41 % of the reactions that participants had. In contrast, cultural upbringing accounted for just 6 %
Even so, while culture didn't shape perceptions (感知) of smells in the way that it shapes perceptions of faces, the researchers did find an “eye of the beholder” effect. Randomness, which the researchers suggest has to come from personal preference learned from outside individual culture, accounted for 54 % of the difference in which smells people liked.
32. What does the underlined word “repulsive” mean in the first paragraph?
A Enjoyable. B. Awful
C. Special. D. Unusual.
33. Which smell ranked first in terms of pleasantness?
A. Octenol. B. Herb.
C. Octanoic acid . D. Isovalericacid.
34. What plays a major role in the appreciation of smells?
A. Personal taste. B. Cultural background.
C. Life experience. D. Chemical composition.
35. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. You Are What You Smell B. Culture determine Smells
C. People Like the Same Smells D. Smells Are the Same as Beauty
【答案】32. B 33. B 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。个人品味在对气味的鉴赏中起着重要作用，它来自于从外部个体文化中习得的个人偏好。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“the fish has been described variously as smelling like sour cat litter, or even droppings-like.（人们形容这种鱼闻起来像酸猫砂，甚至像粪便）”可知这种气味是让人生厌的。故划线处和B项：Awful（让人讨厌的、不舒服的）含义相近。故选B。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“On the other hand, more than 190 people gave herb a score of l to 3.（另一方面，超过190人给herb打了1到3分的分数）”可知在愉悦感方面，草本气味排在第一位。故选B。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Randomness, which the researchers suggest has to come from personal preference learned from outside individual culture, accounted for 54 % of the difference in which smells people liked.（研究人员认为，随机性来自于从外部个体文化中习得的个人偏好，这种随机性在人们喜欢的气味差异中占54%）”可知个人品味在对气味的鉴赏中起着重要作用。故选A。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“culture would play an important role in determining pleasant smells. This was not just because of examples like that of surströmming. They knew from past experiments by other researchers that culture was important in determining which sorts of faces people found beautiful. （文化在决定令人愉悦的气味方面起着重要作用。这不仅仅是因为像surströmming这样的例子。他们从其他研究人员过去的实验中知道，文化在决定人们认为哪种面孔美丽方面很重要）”以及文章的最后一段“Randomness, which the researchers suggest has to come from personal preference learned from outside individual culture, accounted for 54 % of the difference in which smells people liked.（研究人员认为，随机性来自于从外部个体文化中习得的个人偏好，这种随机性在人们喜欢的气味差异中占54%）可知个人品味在对气味的鉴赏中起着重要作用，它来自于从外部个体文化中习得的个人偏好；即由于个体文化，人们喜欢相同的气味，合乎题意。故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Gratitude is more than just saying “thank you” to someone who has helped us or given us a gift. ___36___ And this positive emotion can be good for our emotional and physical health as well as the health of our relationships.
One reason for this is that gratitude stops us from thinking about negative emotions. Writing a “thank you” letter, for example, shifts our attention so that we focus on positive emotions. Even if we don’t share our writing with anyone, the act of completing the exercise alone makes us happier and more satisfied with life. And this gets better with time. As we are essentially training our brain to be more in tune with noticing the positive, after several weeks or months, this becomes more intuitive(直觉的). ___37___
___38___ Studies prove gratitude can improve sleep quality, better eating habits, and reduced inflammation(炎症) in people who have had heart problems.
Gratitude is clearly good for us, but is it also good for the people in our lives? ___39___ When shared, spoken or written gratitude is about feeling valued and helping others feel valued too. Feeling valued can help build stronger relationships with family, partners, friends or even colleague. And that’s on top of all the other ways gratitude is clearly good for us.
Many studies show expressing gratitude benefits people a lot including the emotional, mental and physical health etc. ___40___ Let’s stop counting sheep or calorie and start counting our blessings instead.
A. So why not do so?
B. The simple answer is “yes”
C. We should form good habits in our daily work.
D. Gratitude can also make us feel good in our bodies.
E. The more we express gratitude, the more positive we feel.
F. How to describe the relationship between gratitude and complaint?
G. It’s a deeper appreciation for someone or something making us feel positive.
【答案】36. G 37. E 38. D 39. B 40. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了感恩的好处。有研究显示，懂得感恩对我们的身体和精神健康都有积极的影响，对我们的人际关系也有好处。
【36题详解】
上文“Gratitude is more than just saying “thank you” to someone who has helped us or given us a gift.(感恩不仅仅是对帮助过我们或送过我们礼物的人说声“谢谢”)”说明对于“感谢”作者认为还别有深意。下文“And this positive emotion can be good for our emotional and physical health, as well as the health of our relationships.(这种积极的情绪对我们的心理和身体健康都有好处，对我们的人际关系也有好处)”提到this positive emotion，指的是上文的gratitude。由此可知，空处解释感恩的深层含义，并且将其称之为一种积极的情绪。G项“感恩是使我们对一些人或事更深层次的感激，并且这使我们感到更积极向上。”符合文意。故选G。
【37题详解】
上文“And this gets better with time. As we are essentially training our brain to be more in tune with noticing the positive, after several weeks or months, this becomes more intuitive(直觉的).(随着时间的推移，情况会越来越好。因为我们基本上是在训练我们的大脑更容易注意到积极的事情，几周或几个月后，这就变得更加直观了)”说明自己平时的想法越积极、越对身边的人和事感到感恩，随着时间的推移，我们自己对生活的态度也会越积极。E项“我们感恩的越多，我们就越积极向上”符合文意。故选E。
【38题详解】
空处为本段主旨句。下文“Studies prove gratitude can improve sleep quality, better eating habits, and reduced inflammation(炎症) in people who have had heart problems.(研究证明，感恩可以改善有心脏问题的人的睡眠质量，改善饮食习惯，减少炎症)”提到感恩对身体各项机能的好处。由此可知，空处用于总起表示感恩对身体有好处。D项“感恩也能让我们的身体感觉良好”符合文意。故选D。
【39题详解】
上文“Gratitude is clearly good for us, but is it also good for the people in our lives?(感恩显然对我们有好处，但它对我们生活中的人也有好处吗？)”对感恩对身边的人是否有好处提出疑问。下文“When shared, spoken or written gratitude is about feeling valued and helping others feel valued too. Feeling valued can help build stronger relationships with family, partners, friends or even colleague. And that’s on top of all the other ways gratitude is clearly good for us.(当你分享、说或写感激时，你会感到自己被重视，也会帮助别人感到被重视。感觉被重视有助于与家人、伴侣、朋友甚至同事建立更牢固的关系。这显然是感恩对我们有好处的最重要的方面)”对前文的问题进行肯定的回答并举例进行了具体说明。由此可知，空处用于承上启下，对作者的提问进行肯定的回答。B项“答案很简单，“有好处”。”符合文意。故选B。
【40题详解】
上文“Many studies show expressing gratitude benefits people a lot including the emotional, mental and physical health etc.(许多研究表明，表达感激之情对人们的情感、心理和身体健康等都有好处)”对上文提到的感恩的好处进行总结。下文“Let’s stop counting sheep or calorie and start counting our blessings instead.(让我们停止数羊或计算卡路里，开始计算我们得到的祝福吧)”呼吁大家开始怀抱感恩之心。A项“那为什么不这么做呢？”符合文意。故选A。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Recently my wife and I were flying across the country and were about to board our flight when a woman sitting across had a medical episode.
I came back from the restroom. My wife leaned in to me and ___41___ “something’s wrong”. The woman was ___42___ all over and quickly lost control of her body. I jumped up and ___43___ in front of her, asking if she was okay.
She ___44___ that when she was ___45___ to a lot of stress, her body went into a nerve overdrive. She added that she’d had this ___46___ condition for thirty years and would be “perfectly fine in just a bit”. She flew to visit her daughter so ___47___ that she forgot her medical ___48___ at home.
I asked if she needed a wheel chair, she nodded. My wife called in an airport worker and presented our ___49___ . I stayed behind to keep her ___50___ on board, but the worker misunderstood that she was having a stroke (中风).
I ___51___ for her that, despite her forgetting the papers, her condition would soon ___52___ .The worker agreed to let her board with my ___53___ Just like the woman said, then she was perfectly fine.
Luckily, I was right there and didn’t hesitate to ___54___. Everyone has their own ___55___ and sometimes needs someone to care.
41. A. spoke B. stated C. whispered D. yelled
42. A. aching B. trembling C. numbing D. freezing
43. A. waved B. acted C. paused D. bent
44. A. revealed B. recalled C. delivered D. addressed
45. A. addicted B. exposed C. linked D. switched
46. A. puzzling B. influential C. troubling D. effective
47. A. secretly B. eagerly C. actively D. willingly
48. A. methods B. papers C. contracts D. projects
49. A. request B. appeal C. order D. offer
50. A. patient B. firm C. conscious D. safe
51. A. regretted B. allowed C. advocated D. apologized
52. A. disappear B. increase C. exist D. spread
53. A. guidance B. contribution C. assistance D. sympathy
54. A. break in B. hold on C. check out D. help out
55. A. challenge B. conflicts C. principle D. struggle
【答案】41. C 42. B 43. D 44. A 45. B 46. C 47. B 48. B 49. A 50. D 51. C 52. A 53. C 54. D 55. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了我和妻子在准备登机时，看到对面的一位女士身体出了一点状况。随后我们帮助了那位女士，最终那位女士恢复了正常。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我妻子靠过来低声说“有点不对劲”。A. spoke说话；B. stated陈述；声明；C. whispered低语；D. yelled大叫；叫喊。根据前文“my wife and I were flying across the country and were about to board our flight when a woman sitting across had a medical episode”可知，我们马上要上飞机时，妻子看到对面坐着的女士身体出现了问题，所以此处应指妻子朝我靠过来低声告诉我。故选C。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那个女人浑身发抖，很快就失去了对身体的控制。A. aching疼痛；B. trembling发抖；C. numbing使麻木；使失去知觉；D. freezing使……冻住。根据下文“quickly lost control of her body”可知，那个女人的情况很糟糕，所以此处是她浑身发抖。故选B。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我跳起来在她面前俯下身，问她是否还好。A. waved向……挥手示意；B. acted表演；C. paused暂停；D. bent使弯曲。根据前文“I jumped up”及后文“in front of her, asking if she was okay.”可知，此处指我站起身在她前面，询问她的身体状况。根据常识，应该是我俯下身。故选D。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她透露，当她面临很大的压力时，她的身体进入了神经过载状态。A. revealed透漏；B. recalled回忆；C. delivered发表；宣布；D. addressed演说；演讲。根据前文“I jumped up and 3 in front of her, asking if she was okay.”可知，我到那个女人面前俯身询问她的状况，此处指那个女人告诉我她的情况。故选A。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. addicted上瘾；B. exposed使面临；使遭受（危险或不快）；C. linked连接；D. switched转换。根据下文“to a lot of stress”可知，此处指她面临压力时，就会出现神经过载。故选B。
【46题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她补充说，这种令人烦恼的状况已经持续了30年，“再过一会儿就会完全好起来”。A. puzzling令人困惑的；B. influential 有影响的；C. troubling令人讨厌的；令人烦恼的；D. effective有效的。根据下文“for thirty years”可知，这种情形在她身上已经发生了30年了，所以是很让人烦恼的事。故选C。
【47题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：她迫不及待地飞去看她的女儿，结果把医疗证明忘在家里了。A. secretly秘密地；B. eagerly渴望地；急切地；C. actively主动地；积极地；D. willingly愿意地。 根据前文“She flew to visit her daughter”及下文“she forgot her medical 8 at home”可知，这位女士把医疗证明忘记在了家里，可推知她是因为着急地要去看她的女儿，故选B。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. methods方法；B. papers证明；C. contracts合同；D. pojects工程。根据下文“despite her forgetting the papers”可知，此处指她把自己的医疗证明忘记在了家里。故选B。
【49题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我妻子叫来了一位机场工作人员，提出了我们的要求。A. request要求；B. appeal吸引力；感染力；C. order命令；D. offer提议。根据前文“I asked if she needed a wheel chair”及“My wife called in an airport worker”可知，此处指我的妻子把我们的要求对机场工作人员提出来。故选A。
【50题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我留下来确保她在飞机上的安全，但工人误以为她中风了。A. patient耐心的；B. firm牢固的；C. conscious神志清醒的；D. safe安全的。根据下文“The worker agreed to let her board with my 13 . Just like the woman said, then she was perfectly fine.”可知，我陪她是为了确保她的安全。故选D。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我支持她，尽管她忘记了证明，但她的病情很快就会消失A. regretted后悔；B. allowed允许；C. advocated支持；拥护；D. apologized道歉。根据下文“Just like the woman said, then she was perfectly fine”，可知，此处指我对那位女士说的话很赞同。故选C。
【52题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. disappear消失；B. increase增加；C. exist存在；D. spread传播。根据前文“she’d had this 6 condition for thirty years and would be “perfectly fine in just a bit””可知，此处指她的这种状况不久就会消失。故选A。
【53题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：工人同意在我的帮助下让她上飞机。A. guidance指导；B. contribution贡献；C. assistance帮助；D. sympathy同情心。根据前文“I jumped up and 3 in front of her, asking if she was okay.”及“I stayed behind to keep her 10 on board”可知，我对那个女人给予了帮忙，故选C。
【54题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，我当时就在那里，毫不犹豫地帮了忙A. break in插嘴；B. hold on别挂断；C. check out结账离开；D. help out帮帮忙；帮助……摆脱困难。根据前文“I jumped up and 3 in front of her, asking if she was okay.”及“I stayed behind to keep her 10 on board”可知，我对那个女人给予了帮忙，故选D。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个人都有自己的难事，有时需要有人关心。A. challenge挑战；B. conflicts冲突；C. principle原则；D. struggle难事。根据前文“a woman sitting across had a medical episode.”及“The woman was 2 all over and quickly lost control of her body”可知，那个女人遇到了困难，故选D。
第二节(共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入一个单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Recently, 16 Chinese online novels have been added to the collection of the British Library. ___56___ (cover) themes of science fiction, history, reality and fantasy, these works are considered the classics of Chinese online literature from the past 20 years.
The library usually selects works ___57___ (base) on their popularity or by considering an item’s value. Readers can check the information about the 16 books on the library’s website, and borrow printed ___58___ (copy). As one of the current key parts of mass cultural consumption, ___59___ began with “fast food” romanced, fantasies and mysteries, the Chinese online literature industry has received increasing ___60___ (recognize) from home and abroad.
One of the 16 novels, Happiness in Palm tells a story about love and delicacies (美食) in ancient times. The author created a ___61___ (represent) heroine who was tough and intelligent, facing up to hardships with courage, perseverance and optimism. “It’s ___62___ surprise to me that online fiction can be added to the collection of a foreign library. ___63___ feels like the path of online novel writing is becoming much ___64___ (wide)” the writer says.
Great Power, Heavy Industry tells of how China’s manufacturing industries ___65___ (grow) stronger in recent decades, and foreign readers can learn about the Chinese system and culture behind the country’s swift economic development, getting to know China better in the process.
【答案】56. Covering
57. based 58. copies
59. which 60. recognition
61. representative
62. a 63. It
64. wider 65. have grown
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了大英图书馆新增了16部中国网络小说。这些作品涵盖了科幻、历史、现实和奇幻的方方面面，被认为是近20年来中国网络文学的经典之作。
【56题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这些作品涵盖了科幻、历史、现实和奇幻的方方面面，被认为是近20年来中国网络文学的经典之作。设空处在句中作非谓语，和逻辑主语these works之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语。故填Covering。
【57题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：图书馆通常根据作品的受欢迎程度或作品的价值来选择作品。设空处在句中作非谓语，和逻辑主语works之间是被动关系，应用动词的过去分词的形式作后置定语。故填based。
【58题详解】
考查名词。句意：读者可以在图书馆网站上查询这16本书的相关信息，并借阅印刷本。设空处在句中作宾语，应用名词的形式，空前无限定词修饰，应用名词复数形式表泛指。故填copies。
【59题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：中国网络文学产业作为当前大众文化消费的重要组成部分之一，从浪漫的“快餐”、幻想和神秘开始，越来越受到国内外的认可。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为mass cultural consumption，从句缺少主语，应用关系代词which。故填which。
【60题详解】
考查名词。句意同上。设空处在句中作宾语，应用名词；recognition“认可”是抽象概念为不可数名词。故填recognition。
【61题详解】
考查形容词。句意：作者塑造了一个坚强、聪明、勇敢、坚持、乐观地面对困难的代表性女主人公。设空处后为名词，形容词修饰名词，设空处应用形容词的形式。故填representative。
【62题详解】
考查冠词。句意：作者说：“外国图书馆能收藏网络小说，这让我很惊讶。感觉网络小说的写作路径变得越来越宽了。”设空处后为名词surprise，表示“一件惊讶的事”，为可数名词单数形式；设空处表泛指，应用不定冠词，且该词的发音是辅音音素开头，故填a。
【63题详解】
考查代词。句意同上。固定句型it feels like (that)…感觉……，故填It。
【64题详解】
考查形容词的比较级。句意同7小题。much修饰比较级，设空处应用比较级形式作表语。故填wider。
【65题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：《大国，重工业》讲述了中国制造业在近几十年是如何发展壮大的，外国读者可以了解中国经济快速发展背后的中国制度和文化，在这个过程中更好地了解中国。设空处为宾语从句的谓语动词，根据时间状语in recent decades，可知句子的时态为现在完成时，主语为industries，结合主谓一致。故填have grown。
第四部分 写作 (共两节,满分40 分)
第一节 (满分15分)
66. 你校将以世界文化遗产为主题，举办英语征文比赛。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1.文化遗产的重要性；
2.保护文化遗产的倡议。
注意: 1.词数80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
Cultural heritage is the common treasure of mankind. It provides a strong symbol of the past from which we can reflect on the present and future. Cultural heritage is unique and can’t be replaced once it has gone. Therefore, it is important to protect cultural heritage because preserving it promises great benefits for the future.
The public should promote the awareness of cultural heritage protection. Countries should team up with one another to work out practical plans regarding cultural heritage protection. As senior students, we can help protect cultural heritage by making visitors respect its history.
Every little effort counts. It is my firm belief that only with joined efforts can we have a better tomorrow.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达是开放作文。要求考生为学校举办的以世界文化遗产为主题的英语征文比赛写一篇短文投稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
共同的：common→mutual
提供：provide→offer
代替：replace→take the place of
保护：protection→conservation
合作：team up→cooperate
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Cultural heritage is the common treasure of mankind.
拓展句：Cultural heritage is the common treasure of mankind, which is highly valued.
【点睛】【高分句型1】It provides a strong symbol of the past from which we can reflect on the present and future. (运用了which引导的定语从句)
【高分句型2】Therefore, it is important to protect cultural heritage because preserving it promises great benefits for the future.(运用了because引导的原因状语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
In 1996, I was a 23-year-old surgery student at Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College in Cut tack, Odisha. Being a doctor was my dream. Each time I wore my white doctor’s coat, I felt excited. I had a spring in my step while walking the halls of this famous institution. Above all, I could follow behind the senior physicians treating patients in real time.
Like many medical students in training, I was assigned the night shift. As part of the team, I enjoyed interacting with patients. On a summer night, around one a. m., I was on duty when a tall middle-aged man came in on a stretcher (担架) in severe pain. His large body was doubled over his hands pressing his stomach to try to contain his pain. We got to work.
Banudhar, the patient, complained of progressive pain in his stomach which was abnormally swollen, a symptom building up over the past four hours. Despite some relief from the pain killers, his continuous discomfort was clear. It had been troubling him for several months but he had ignored the symptoms, caring on with his work to feed his family. But that night, he just could not carry on and needed an operation right away.
Banudhar had been taken to the hospital, but nobody attended him. He was alone and terrified. He asked me if his condition was serious, his eyes wild with worry. I couldn’t find the right words, stricken by inexperience and emotion.
“Should I be honest? Will honesty upset him further?”
“How can he make right decisions in his state?”
There must be someone to be here for him, especially during and after the operation. I thought and did my best to contact his wife.
His family lived in a village five hours away from Cuttack. The first three calls did not go through. A few more went unanswered. By then it was almost dawn and my hope was fading.
注意:
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Twenty minutes later, his wife called back.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
His wife made it to the hospital after the operation.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
Twenty minutes later, his wife called back. I informed her of Banudhar’s physical condition and that he needed an operation at once. When she heard the news, she burst into tears, eager to rush to the hospital. But she added that she might be late because of traffic inconvenience. I realized her inner anxiety and tried my best to comfort her, promising to attend to her husband before her arrival. During the period Danudhar’s operation was performed against time. And I did perform my duty as I had promised.
His wife made it to the hospital after the operation. When I led her to her husband-weak but alive, she wept with relief. She apologized for her delay and meanwhile appreciated my care and help. I still paid a visit every day. To my delight, Banudhar was recovering day by day. Soon he left hospital, carrying on with his daily routine to feed his family. From the experience, I was fully aware of the responsibility and great value as a doctor, which, therefore, inspired me to continue to pursue my dream.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开。文章讲述了我作为外科学生时的经历。一个夏天的夜晚，大约凌晨一点，在一次值夜班期间，我遇到一个躺在担架上的中年男人，男人双手压在自己的肚子上，试图抑制肚子的疼痛。肚子疼的症状已经困扰他好几个月，但他一直忽视这些症状，那天晚上的疼痛使得他无法忍受，要面临手术。因为没有人照顾他。他很孤独，很害怕，我也找不到合适的词来安慰他，所以我想尽办法联系他的妻子，但联系的电话都没接通，我的希望越来越渺茫。
【详解】1. 段落续写
①由第一段首句内容“二十分钟后，他妻子打来电话。”可知，第一段可描写我在电话里告诉他妻子男人的情况，我意识到他妻子的焦虑，答应在她到来之前照顾好她的丈夫。
②由第二段首句内容“他的妻子在手术后赶到了医院。”可知，第二段可描写男人的妻子来到医院看到做完手术的丈夫后，对我表示感谢。此次经历让我感悟到作为一名医生的责任和巨大的价值。
2. 续写线索
电话接通——告知情形——意识到她的焦虑——我做出承诺——妻子来到医院——感谢我的帮忙——康复离开医院——我的感悟
3. 词汇激活
行为类
告知，通知：inform/notify/acquaint
照顾：attend to /look after/take care of
安慰：comfort/console/soothe/ease
情绪类
急切的，热切的：eager/anxious/keen
如释重负：with relief/in relief/to one’s relief
【点睛】【高分句型1】
I realized her inner anxiety and tried my best to comfort her, promising to attend to her husband before her arrival.（运用了现在分词作状语）
高分句型2】
I was fully aware of the responsibility and great value as a doctor, which, therefore, inspired me to continue to pursue my dream.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
2022-2023学年度上学期质量监测
高三英语
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Who will probably get the old chair?
A. The lady in black. B. The man in red. C. The man in blue.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: What is the bid for this beautiful old chair? Ah, I see 100 yuan from the man in red. Now 200 yuan from the lady in black. And sir, the man in blue, what is your bid?
M: I will bid 300 yuan for it.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What do we know about the shirt?
A. It needs to be ironed B. It is being washed now. C. It is still in the laundry basket.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Is my best shirt clean, honey? I thought I threw it in the laundry basket yesterday. I need it for work today.
W: It’s washed, but it has a ton of wrinkles. I can have it ready in about 10 minutes.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Who is the man speaking to?
A. An old lady. B. A small child. C. A disabled woman
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Would you like me to help you down the stairs? They can be a little difficult for some people.
W: No, I can manage myself. I still have a few good years left in me.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What did the man do last year?
A. He won a competition,
B. He worked as a volunteer
C. He enjoyed some exhibitions.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: I want to volunteer at the science fair this year. I should have done it last year, but I wanted to look around at the other exhibitions.
W: Well, they’ll definitely accept you, since you won the competition two years ago.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How many times has the man seen the singer?
A. Once. B. Twice. C. Three times.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: That singer you like is performing at the stadium in January. Are you going?
M: I’d like to, but the tickets are so expensive and I did see him in London and Birmingham.
W: You also saw him in Manchester. We went with you.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. Why did the woman decide to take the dance lesson finally?
A. Her friend persuaded her.
B. She overcame her fear on her own.
C. She saw everyone having a good time.
7. How many kinds of dance does the woman mention?
A. Two. B. Three. C. Four.
【答案】6. A 7. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Did you go to your dance lesson this evening?
W: Yes, but I almost didn’t.
M: Why?
W: I was afraid that everyone would laugh at me. But those dancers are very good.
M: Yes. But did you finally overcome your fear?
W: I wouldn’t have been able to on my own, but just as I was turning to leave, an old friend came over to me. He made me promise to stay.
M: So, did you learn anything?
W: Yeah, I learned how to do everything from the tango to the polka.
M: What was your favorite?
W: The waltz!
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. Which class did Tom attend today?
A. Physics. B. Geometry. C. Chemistry.
9. What do we know about Tom?
A. He knows little about the moon.
B. He is a freshman in high school.
C. He shows little interest in the class.
10. Who is the woman in the conversation?
A. A scientist. B. Tom’s teacher. C. Tom’s mother.
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. C
【解析】
【原文】W: What did you learn in class today, Tom?
M: We learned about how things move and the variations that make them move differently.
W: I thought you had geometry on Wednesdays. This sounds complicated for the first-year high school students.
M: We usually do have geometry, but a special speaker came in today. Besides, it isn’t nearly as hard as the chemistry class on Thursday.
W: So what did you learn?
M: Well, the scientist that came in told us all about how speed and weight change the way that things interact with our world. But he was surprised when I asked my question about something else.
W: What did you ask about?
M: I remembered a long time ago when you and Dad told me about gravity. We were talking about the moon and how people can jump really high there. So I asked him what the difference would be between one object here and on the moon.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11. Why will the man go to the parking lot?
A. To fetch his wallet. B. To appreciate paintings. C. To find the main entrance.
12. Where does the woman usually eat?
A. In a cafe. B. In a grocery store. C. In a restaurant.
13. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Strangers. B. colleague. C. classmate.
【答案】11. A 12. C 13. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Hello, can you show me the way to the main entrance? I think I dropped my wallet in the parking lot.
W: Yes, go past the Renaissance paintings and turn into the room with the 20th century art. You’ll see a long hallway. Walk down that hallway to the stairs at the end. Go down two flights of stairs to the first floor. Turn right, and the entrance is just past the elevators.
M: Thank you. Will the security guard let me in again after I leave the building?
W: Since you’ve already bought a ticket, just get your hand stamped at the front desk. That way, you can go in and out as many times as you want before closing.
M: Great! Oh, one more thing… Do you know of a good place to eat around here?
W: There’s a café in the lower level of the museum.
M: I know, but it’s too expensive. Anything outside of the museum?
W: Well, I usually go to the Vietnamese restaurant across the street. But the grocery store around the corner is even cheaper.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14. What does the man want the girl to eat?
A. Steaks. B. Chicken. C. Hamburgers.
15. What is the main reason for the girl giving up meat?
A. To save animals. B. To improve her health. C. To protect the environment.
16. How many classmate of the girl’s gave up meat?
A. Three. B. Four. C. Six.
17. Where are the speakers?
A. At home. B. In a canteen. C. In a supermarket.
【答案】14. B 15. A 16. B 17. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Eat your meat. Chicken is good for you.
W: I have decided I am going to stop eating meat.
M: What, in the middle of dinner? Why are you doing that?
W: Mainly because I do not think that animals should suffer to provide us with food.
M: But what about your health?
W: I have read that it is healthier not to eat meat. Also, keeping farm animals is bad for the environment.
M: But won’t you miss eating a nice steak or a hamburger?
W: I don’t think so. My friends haven’t.
M: So it isn’t just you? How many of you are doing this?
W: It started with one girl in my class. Then another three joined her. Now I’ve decided I will give up meat as well.
M: What about milk, eggs and butter? They all come from animals.
W: I don’t mind having milk or butter. They don’t do any harm.
M: Well, we can’t make separate meals for you. You will just have to eat the vegetables and not the meat.
W: That’s OK. I might even make my own meals sometimes.
M: Do you think you will stick with it?
W: I don’t think I will ever eat meat again—and I think I will be a lot healthier for it.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
18. Which is Director Jon Favreau’s earliest film?
A. The Lion King. B. The Jungle Book. C. Iron Man.
19. What is unique about The Jungle Book?
A. It introduce real animals. B. It featured new music. C. It is all filmed indoors.
20. What do some early reviews say about the new version of The Lion King?
A. It is very similar to the original.
B. It is not the same story as the original.
C. The voice actors are better in the original.
【答案】18. C 19. C 20. A
【解析】
【原文】According to people inside the movie industry, this year’s remake of The Lion King becomes “the biggest movie event of the decade”. Most of us — no matter how old we are — have seen or heard of the 1994 original cartoon movie. Audiences fell in love with the adorable characters, memorable music, and moving story. Just three years later, it became an award-winning musical play. Then the brilliant Jon Favreau came into the picture. First, he had amazing success with his re-imagining of the cartoon book Iron Man. Later, he was asked to do the same with The Jungle Book, another famous Disney cartoon. In this movie, he worked with the Moving Picture Company to create something that hadn’t been done before. They created moving and talking animals inside a realistic and detailed environment without leaving the studio. The final product was so well-received that Disney immediately asked him to remake The Lion King. The new version, which came out in July 2019, uses all of the same technology to create a realistic African environment. But most importantly, early reviews say it remains true to the original. It features all the same music, follows the same story, and even stars one of the original voice-actors. However, not everyone gave positive reviews. Some reviewers said they expected a little more creativity instead of an exact copy of the 1994 version. Well, I guess you can’t please everyone. But you can bet that whatever happens, it’s going to make a lot of money.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
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Easy to Enjoy
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21. What makes the Jitterbug * Flip2 help you out of danger?
A. A large screen. B. The powerful speaker.
C A build-in camera. D. The Urgent Response button.
22. Which plan suits you best if you need to send short messages frequently?
A. $11.99/ mo. B. $14.99/ mo.
C. $17.99/ mo. D. $19.99/ mo
23. Where can the text probably be found?
A. In a magazine. B. an a textbook.
C. In an academic paper. D. In a news report.
【答案】21. D 22. D 23. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍一款手机——the Jitterbug * Flip 2。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Easy to Be Prepared部分“Life has a way of being unpredictable, but you can be prepared in an uncertain or unsafe situation with Urgent Response Service. Simply press the Urgent Response button to speak with a highly trained agent who can confirm your location, evaluate your situation and get you the help you need.(生活总是不可预测的，但是你可以通过紧急回应服务在不确定或不安全的情况下做好准备。只要按下紧急回应按钮，就可以与一位训练有素的特工通话，他可以确认你的位置，评估你的情况，并为你提供所需的帮助。)”可知，当你处于危险中时，可以使用手机上的紧急回应按钮，及时联系到一位训练有素的特工通话，他可以确认你的位置，评估你的情况，并为你提供所需的帮助。故选D。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格最右边一列“$19.99/mo. Unlimited minutes, Unlimited texts(每月19.99美元，无限时，无限短信)”可知，如果经常发短信，可以使用每月19.99美元的套餐。故选D。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“The phone is available in-store or online at lively. com / flip. If you want to learn more, call 1.866.490.3411.(这款手机可以在店内或在lively. com / flip网上购买。如果你想了解更多，请拨打1.866.490.3411。)”可知，这篇文章是为了推销这款手机，所以不会出现在课本、学术论文和新闻报道上，可能会出现在杂志上。故选A。
B
São Paulo is playing host to an unsustainable mountain of waste due to a general lack of participation in recycling properly. Mar ion Bernardi, a student from France, has proposed a neat way of getting kids in on the act of sorting domestic waste.
Mar ion registered for an art class in high school when she realised her love for creating objects. Entering for design studies at L’Ecole de Design Nantes Atlantique was a logical next step for her. She took advantage of a chance to study abroad briefly, moving for a time to pursue a Master’s degree in Transcultural Design in sad polo. “For my end of studies project” she says, “I decided to work on the waste sorting issue in sad Paulo, and finally I created the Recicla Dia a Dia project.”
Recicla Dia a Dia, is an ambitious idea whereby (凭此) kids are involved into recycling through a special classroom-based contest. With the help of smartphones, participants can take pat through an ape, along with a supply of custom-made tokens (代币) and a number of engaging activities to get them on the right path. The ape keeps the topic exciting, using colourful cartoon characters in the form of drink cans, plastic bottles and banana peels with faces to give it a distinctive child-led look.
The Recicla Dia a Dia app is specially-designed to educate the user, so they know how to deal with most forms of recyclable plastic, glass, paper and metal items. It comes through the use of a “separator” an interactive guide on the ape, which informs the child about whether waste is dry recyclable or not, via a set of clear questions.
To progress in the contest and get rewards, the child must level up by gaining experience. Experience can be gained by bringing in bags of dry recyclables counted by the teacher and by completing weekly ‘Zero Waste’ challenge. Beyond education through play, Mar ion man ages to create a link between home and school and provide a global solution to a major issue.
24. What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about Mar ion?
A. Her pursue of studying abroad. B. Her future career plans.
C. Her experience of learning design. D. He university research topic.
25. What do we know about Recicla Dia a Dia?
A. It uses real images. B. It requires children to buy tokens.
C. It’s a computer gaming ape. D. It’s done through a competition.
26. How can a child identify dry recyclable waste?
A. By answering questions. B. By asking the teacher.
C. By using a sorting machine D. By judging the shapes.
27. Which of the following best describe the project?
A. Costly and effective. B. Interesting and challenging.
C. Simple and practical D. Amazing and time-consuming.
【答案】24. C 25. D 26. A 27. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述来自法国的学生马里昂·贝尔纳迪提出的一个让孩子们参与家庭垃圾分类的简单方法——Recicla Dia a Dia 项目。
【24题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“Mar ion registered for an art class in high school when she realised her love for creating objects. Entering for design studies at L’Ecole de Design Nantes Atlantique was a logical next step for her. She took advantage of a chance to study abroad briefly, moving for a time to pursue a Master’s degree in Transcultural Design in sad polo. “For my end of studies project” she says, “I decided to work on the waste sorting issue in sad Paulo, and finally I created the Recicla Dia a Dia project.””(马里昂在高中注册了一门艺术课程，当时她意识到自己对创造物体的热爱。对她来说，进入南特大西洋设计学院学习设计是顺理成章的下一步。她利用这个机会在国外短暂地学习了一段时间，然后穿着悲伤的马球衣去攻读跨文化设计硕士学位。“为了完成我的研究项目,”她说，“我决定在圣保罗研究垃圾分类问题，最后我创建了 Recicla Dia a Dia 项目。”)可知，第二段主要讲述马里昂学习设计的经历。故选C。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Recicla Dia a Dia, is an ambitious idea whereby (凭此) kids are involved into recycling through a special classroom-based contest.”(Recicla Dia a Dia 是一个雄心勃勃的想法，通过一个特殊的教室为基础的比赛，让孩子们参与回收利用。)可知，Recicla Dia a Dia是通过比赛的方式让孩子们参与的。故选D。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“It comes through the use of a “separator” an interactive guide on the ape, which informs the child about whether waste is dry recyclable or not, via a set of clear questions.”(它通过使用一个“分离器”，一个关于猩猩的互动指南，通过一系列清晰的问题告诉孩子废物是否可以干燥回收。)可知，孩子们可以通过提问问题的方式得知废物是否可以干燥回收。故选A。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Recicla Dia a Dia, is an ambitious idea whereby (凭此) kids are involved into recycling through a special classroom-based contest. With the help of smartphones, participants can take pat through an ape, along with a supply of custom-made tokens (代币) and a number of engaging activities to get them on the right path. The ape keeps the topic exciting, using colourful cartoon characters in the form of drink cans, plastic bottles and banana peels with faces to give it a distinctive child-led look.”(Recicla Dia a Dia 是一个雄心勃勃的想法，通过一个特殊的教室为基础的比赛，让孩子们参与回收利用。在智能手机的帮助下，参与者可以轻轻拍打一只猿猴，同时提供定制的代币和一系列有趣的活动，让他们走上正确的道路。这只大猩猩让这个话题保持兴奋，它使用了五颜六色的卡通人物，比如饮料罐、塑料瓶和带有人脸的香蕉皮，给人一种与众不同的儿童主导的感觉。)和最后一段“To progress in the contest and get rewards, the child must level up by gaining experience. Experience can be gained by bringing in bags of dry recyclables counted by the teacher and by completing weekly ‘Zero Waste’ challenge.”(为了在比赛中取得进步并获得奖励，孩子必须通过积累经验来提高水平。经验可以通过带来一袋袋干的可回收利用的数量由老师和完成每周的“零废物”挑战。)可知，Recicla Dia a Dia是一个有趣并且有挑战性的项目。故选B。
C
As anyone in mainland Britain who has ever attempted to grow berries or nuts or indeed feed the birds – will know, doing so is equal to an opening move in a game of chess with local grey squirrels, a game the squirrels tend to win. Grey squirrels are also fond of the occasional bird’s egg or the young bird, and enjoy tearing and eating the bark of young broad leaf trees, which can either kill the trees or leave them open to infection. This, apart from affecting biodiversity and landscape, harms the wood industry. The loss is not insignificant: £37 a year in England and walks.
Grey squirrels, introduced from North America in 1876, have almost replaced native red squirrels by competing them for food and habitat. They are larger and stronger, and resistant to squirrel pox virus, while reds are not. About 3 million grey squirrels now live in the UK; the International Union for Conservation of Nature lists the grey squirrel among the top 100 most harmful invasive (入侵的) species in the world.
In Britain, much effort and inventiveness has been made in stopping grey squirrel progress, from trapping and shooting them, to releasing pine mar tens into their habitats. The latest move, a workable system for which was thought to be a decade away, is forbidding the breeding (繁殖) of grey squirrels. However, legal challenge brought so many delays that the invasive grey squirrel population expanded to an unmanageable level and wiping out were abandoned. The main issue in Britain was thought to be more technological than legal designing a drug that targets only grey squirrels to prevent their breeding. Another possibility in the years ahead is to use DNA editing to ensure grey female are born unable to give birth.
Grey squirrels have now been here for nearly 150 years. They do actively threaten another species in Britain. There is a strong argument that ecosystems change. In fact, that is their essential nature, and it is unrealistic to stop it. The attraction of controlling the breeding methods of grey squirrels is that they are less inhumane, and aim for balance rather than uprooting.
28. What does the author focus on in paragraph 1?
A. The harm from grey squirrels.
B. The eating habits of grey squirrels.
C. The effect of grey squirrels on industry.
D. The game between the British and grey squirrels.
29. What led to the victory of grey squirrels over reds?
A. Their huge number. B. Their unique origins.
C. Their breeding ability. D. Their physical qualities.
30. What is the main difficulty in removing grey squirrels in Britain?
A. Less labour. B. Shortage of money.
C. Imperfect law. D. Lack of technology.
31. What is the author’s attitude to forbidding the breeding of grey squirrels?
A. Unclear. B. Objective.
C. Favorable. D. Doubtful.
【答案】28. A 29. D 30. D 31. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了灰松鼠的危害，和英国本土的红松鼠相比，它们更大更强壮，能抵抗松鼠痘病毒;清除灰松鼠面临的主要困难是缺乏技术。
【28题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Grey squirrels are also fond of the occasional bird’s egg or the young bird, and enjoy tearing and eating the bark of young broad leaf trees, which can either kill the trees or leave them open to infection. This, apart from affecting biodiversity and landscape, harms the wood industry.(灰松鼠也喜欢偶尔的鸟蛋或雏鸟，喜欢撕扯和吃年轻的阔叶树的树皮，这可能会杀死树或使它们容易感染。这除了影响生物多样性和景观外，还损害了木材工业)”可知文章第一段主要讲解了灰松鼠的危害。故选A。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“They are larger and stronger, and resistant to squirrel pox virus, while reds are not.(它们更大更强壮，能抵抗松鼠痘病毒，而红色则不行)”可知它们的身体素质使灰松鼠战胜了红松鼠。故选D。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The main issue in Britain was thought to be more technological than legal designing a drug that targets only grey squirrels to prevent their breeding.(在英国，主要的问题被认为是技术而不是法律，设计一种只针对灰松鼠的药物来阻止它们繁殖)”可知在英国清除灰松鼠的主要困难是缺乏技术。故选D。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Grey squirrels have now been here for nearly 150 years. They do actively threaten another species in Britain. There is a strong argument that ecosystems change.(灰松鼠已经在这里生活了近150年。它们确实在积极威胁着英国的另一种物种。生态系统会发生变化，这是一个强有力的论点)”可知作者对禁止饲养灰松鼠的态度是赞成的。故选C。
D
To the Sweden, there are few smells more attractive than surströmming (臭鲱鱼). To most non-Sweden there are probably few smells more repulsive — the fish has been described variously as smelling like sour cat litter, or even droppings-like. In determining which smells people find pleasant or not, surströmming suggests culture must play a size able part.
New research, however, suggests that might not be the case. Artin Arshamian, a neuroscientist at the Karolinska Institute in Sweden, and Asifa Majid, a psychologist at the University of Oxford, began with the expectation that culture would play an important role in determining pleasant smells. This was not just because of examples like that of surströmming. They knew from past experiments by other researchers that culture was important in determining which sorts of faces people found beautiful.
To study how smell and culture relate, the researchers presented ten smells. These smells varied from herb to isovaleric acid, the chemical responsible for smelly socks. More in-between smells, which the team thought might split opinions, included octanoic acid; and octenol, an carthy smell found in many mushrooms. The cultures doing the smelling varied widely too, including hunters, farmers and city folk.
All 235 participants were asked to rank smells according to pleasantness. The researchers found that pleasantness ran kings were remarkable consistent regardless of where people came from. Isovaleric acid was hated by the vast majority, only eight giving it a score of l to 3 (I was very pleasant and 10 was very unpleasant ). On the other hand, more than 190 people gave herb a score of l to 3. Overall, the chemical composition of the smells explained 41 % of the reactions that participants had. In contrast, cultural upbringing accounted for just 6 %
Even so, while culture didn't shape perceptions (感知) of smells in the way that it shapes perceptions of faces, the researchers did find an “eye of the beholder” effect. Randomness, which the researchers suggest has to come from personal preference learned from outside individual culture, accounted for 54 % of the difference in which smells people liked.
32. What does the underlined word “repulsive” mean in the first paragraph?
A Enjoyable. B. Awful
C. Special. D. Unusual.
33. Which smell ranked first in terms of pleasantness?
A. Octenol. B. Herb.
C. Octanoic acid . D. Isovalericacid.
34. What plays a major role in the appreciation of smells?
A. Personal taste. B. Cultural background.
C. Life experience. D. Chemical composition.
35. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. You Are What You Smell B. Culture determine Smells
C. People Like the Same Smells D. Smells Are the Same as Beauty
【答案】32. B 33. B 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。个人品味在对气味的鉴赏中起着重要作用，它来自于从外部个体文化中习得的个人偏好。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“the fish has been described variously as smelling like sour cat litter, or even droppings-like.（人们形容这种鱼闻起来像酸猫砂，甚至像粪便）”可知这种气味是让人生厌的。故划线处和B项：Awful（让人讨厌的、不舒服的）含义相近。故选B。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“On the other hand, more than 190 people gave herb a score of l to 3.（另一方面，超过190人给herb打了1到3分的分数）”可知在愉悦感方面，草本气味排在第一位。故选B。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Randomness, which the researchers suggest has to come from personal preference learned from outside individual culture, accounted for 54 % of the difference in which smells people liked.（研究人员认为，随机性来自于从外部个体文化中习得的个人偏好，这种随机性在人们喜欢的气味差异中占54%）”可知个人品味在对气味的鉴赏中起着重要作用。故选A。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“culture would play an important role in determining pleasant smells. This was not just because of examples like that of surströmming. They knew from past experiments by other researchers that culture was important in determining which sorts of faces people found beautiful. （文化在决定令人愉悦的气味方面起着重要作用。这不仅仅是因为像surströmming这样的例子。他们从其他研究人员过去的实验中知道，文化在决定人们认为哪种面孔美丽方面很重要）”以及文章的最后一段“Randomness, which the researchers suggest has to come from personal preference learned from outside individual culture, accounted for 54 % of the difference in which smells people liked.（研究人员认为，随机性来自于从外部个体文化中习得的个人偏好，这种随机性在人们喜欢的气味差异中占54%）可知个人品味在对气味的鉴赏中起着重要作用，它来自于从外部个体文化中习得的个人偏好；即由于个体文化，人们喜欢相同的气味，合乎题意。故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Gratitude is more than just saying “thank you” to someone who has helped us or given us a gift. ___36___ And this positive emotion can be good for our emotional and physical health as well as the health of our relationships.
One reason for this is that gratitude stops us from thinking about negative emotions. Writing a “thank you” letter, for example, shifts our attention so that we focus on positive emotions. Even if we don’t share our writing with anyone, the act of completing the exercise alone makes us happier and more satisfied with life. And this gets better with time. As we are essentially training our brain to be more in tune with noticing the positive, after several weeks or months, this becomes more intuitive(直觉的). ___37___
___38___ Studies prove gratitude can improve sleep quality, better eating habits, and reduced inflammation(炎症) in people who have had heart problems.
Gratitude is clearly good for us, but is it also good for the people in our lives? ___39___ When shared, spoken or written gratitude is about feeling valued and helping others feel valued too. Feeling valued can help build stronger relationships with family, partners, friends or even colleague. And that’s on top of all the other ways gratitude is clearly good for us.
Many studies show expressing gratitude benefits people a lot including the emotional, mental and physical health etc. ___40___ Let’s stop counting sheep or calorie and start counting our blessings instead.
A. So why not do so?
B. The simple answer is “yes”
C. We should form good habits in our daily work.
D. Gratitude can also make us feel good in our bodies.
E. The more we express gratitude, the more positive we feel.
F. How to describe the relationship between gratitude and complaint?
G. It’s a deeper appreciation for someone or something making us feel positive.
【答案】36. G 37. E 38. D 39. B 40. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了感恩的好处。有研究显示，懂得感恩对我们的身体和精神健康都有积极的影响，对我们的人际关系也有好处。
【36题详解】
上文“Gratitude is more than just saying “thank you” to someone who has helped us or given us a gift.(感恩不仅仅是对帮助过我们或送过我们礼物的人说声“谢谢”)”说明对于“感谢”作者认为还别有深意。下文“And this positive emotion can be good for our emotional and physical health, as well as the health of our relationships.(这种积极的情绪对我们的心理和身体健康都有好处，对我们的人际关系也有好处)”提到this positive emotion，指的是上文的gratitude。由此可知，空处解释感恩的深层含义，并且将其称之为一种积极的情绪。G项“感恩是使我们对一些人或事更深层次的感激，并且这使我们感到更积极向上。”符合文意。故选G。
【37题详解】
上文“And this gets better with time. As we are essentially training our brain to be more in tune with noticing the positive, after several weeks or months, this becomes more intuitive(直觉的).(随着时间的推移，情况会越来越好。因为我们基本上是在训练我们的大脑更容易注意到积极的事情，几周或几个月后，这就变得更加直观了)”说明自己平时的想法越积极、越对身边的人和事感到感恩，随着时间的推移，我们自己对生活的态度也会越积极。E项“我们感恩的越多，我们就越积极向上”符合文意。故选E。
【38题详解】
空处为本段主旨句。下文“Studies prove gratitude can improve sleep quality, better eating habits, and reduced inflammation(炎症) in people who have had heart problems.(研究证明，感恩可以改善有心脏问题的人的睡眠质量，改善饮食习惯，减少炎症)”提到感恩对身体各项机能的好处。由此可知，空处用于总起表示感恩对身体有好处。D项“感恩也能让我们的身体感觉良好”符合文意。故选D。
【39题详解】
上文“Gratitude is clearly good for us, but is it also good for the people in our lives?(感恩显然对我们有好处，但它对我们生活中的人也有好处吗？)”对感恩对身边的人是否有好处提出疑问。下文“When shared, spoken or written gratitude is about feeling valued and helping others feel valued too. Feeling valued can help build stronger relationships with family, partners, friends or even colleague. And that’s on top of all the other ways gratitude is clearly good for us.(当你分享、说或写感激时，你会感到自己被重视，也会帮助别人感到被重视。感觉被重视有助于与家人、伴侣、朋友甚至同事建立更牢固的关系。这显然是感恩对我们有好处的最重要的方面)”对前文的问题进行肯定的回答并举例进行了具体说明。由此可知，空处用于承上启下，对作者的提问进行肯定的回答。B项“答案很简单，“有好处”。”符合文意。故选B。
【40题详解】
上文“Many studies show expressing gratitude benefits people a lot including the emotional, mental and physical health etc.(许多研究表明，表达感激之情对人们的情感、心理和身体健康等都有好处)”对上文提到的感恩的好处进行总结。下文“Let’s stop counting sheep or calorie and start counting our blessings instead.(让我们停止数羊或计算卡路里，开始计算我们得到的祝福吧)”呼吁大家开始怀抱感恩之心。A项“那为什么不这么做呢？”符合文意。故选A。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Recently my wife and I were flying across the country and were about to board our flight when a woman sitting across had a medical episode.
I came back from the restroom. My wife leaned in to me and ___41___ “something’s wrong”. The woman was ___42___ all over and quickly lost control of her body. I jumped up and ___43___ in front of her, asking if she was okay.
She ___44___ that when she was ___45___ to a lot of stress, her body went into a nerve overdrive. She added that she’d had this ___46___ condition for thirty years and would be “perfectly fine in just a bit”. She flew to visit her daughter so ___47___ that she forgot her medical ___48___ at home.
I asked if she needed a wheel chair, she nodded. My wife called in an airport worker and presented our ___49___ . I stayed behind to keep her ___50___ on board, but the worker misunderstood that she was having a stroke (中风).
I ___51___ for her that, despite her forgetting the papers, her condition would soon ___52___ .The worker agreed to let her board with my ___53___ Just like the woman said, then she was perfectly fine.
Luckily, I was right there and didn’t hesitate to ___54___. Everyone has their own ___55___ and sometimes needs someone to care.
41. A. spoke B. stated C. whispered D. yelled
42. A. aching B. trembling C. numbing D. freezing
43. A. waved B. acted C. paused D. bent
44. A. revealed B. recalled C. delivered D. addressed
45. A. addicted B. exposed C. linked D. switched
46. A. puzzling B. influential C. troubling D. effective
47. A. secretly B. eagerly C. actively D. willingly
48. A. methods B. papers C. contracts D. projects
49. A. request B. appeal C. order D. offer
50. A. patient B. firm C. conscious D. safe
51. A. regretted B. allowed C. advocated D. apologized
52. A. disappear B. increase C. exist D. spread
53. A. guidance B. contribution C. assistance D. sympathy
54. A. break in B. hold on C. check out D. help out
55. A. challenge B. conflicts C. principle D. struggle
【答案】41. C 42. B 43. D 44. A 45. B 46. C 47. B 48. B 49. A 50. D 51. C 52. A 53. C 54. D 55. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了我和妻子在准备登机时，看到对面的一位女士身体出了一点状况。随后我们帮助了那位女士，最终那位女士恢复了正常。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我妻子靠过来低声说“有点不对劲”。A. spoke说话；B. stated陈述；声明；C. whispered低语；D. yelled大叫；叫喊。根据前文“my wife and I were flying across the country and were about to board our flight when a woman sitting across had a medical episode”可知，我们马上要上飞机时，妻子看到对面坐着的女士身体出现了问题，所以此处应指妻子朝我靠过来低声告诉我。故选C。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那个女人浑身发抖，很快就失去了对身体的控制。A. aching疼痛；B. trembling发抖；C. numbing使麻木；使失去知觉；D. freezing使……冻住。根据下文“quickly lost control of her body”可知，那个女人的情况很糟糕，所以此处是她浑身发抖。故选B。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我跳起来在她面前俯下身，问她是否还好。A. waved向……挥手示意；B. acted表演；C. paused暂停；D. bent使弯曲。根据前文“I jumped up”及后文“in front of her, asking if she was okay.”可知，此处指我站起身在她前面，询问她的身体状况。根据常识，应该是我俯下身。故选D。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她透露，当她面临很大的压力时，她的身体进入了神经过载状态。A. revealed透漏；B. recalled回忆；C. delivered发表；宣布；D. addressed演说；演讲。根据前文“I jumped up and 3 in front of her, asking if she was okay.”可知，我到那个女人面前俯身询问她的状况，此处指那个女人告诉我她的情况。故选A。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. addicted上瘾；B. exposed使面临；使遭受（危险或不快）；C. linked连接；D. switched转换。根据下文“to a lot of stress”可知，此处指她面临压力时，就会出现神经过载。故选B。
【46题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她补充说，这种令人烦恼的状况已经持续了30年，“再过一会儿就会完全好起来”。A. puzzling令人困惑的；B. influential 有影响的；C. troubling令人讨厌的；令人烦恼的；D. effective有效的。根据下文“for thirty years”可知，这种情形在她身上已经发生了30年了，所以是很让人烦恼的事。故选C。
【47题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：她迫不及待地飞去看她的女儿，结果把医疗证明忘在家里了。A. secretly秘密地；B. eagerly渴望地；急切地；C. actively主动地；积极地；D. willingly愿意地。 根据前文“She flew to visit her daughter”及下文“she forgot her medical 8 at home”可知，这位女士把医疗证明忘记在了家里，可推知她是因为着急地要去看她的女儿，故选B。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. methods方法；B. papers证明；C. contracts合同；D. pojects工程。根据下文“despite her forgetting the papers”可知，此处指她把自己的医疗证明忘记在了家里。故选B。
【49题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我妻子叫来了一位机场工作人员，提出了我们的要求。A. request要求；B. appeal吸引力；感染力；C. order命令；D. offer提议。根据前文“I asked if she needed a wheel chair”及“My wife called in an airport worker”可知，此处指我的妻子把我们的要求对机场工作人员提出来。故选A。
【50题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我留下来确保她在飞机上的安全，但工人误以为她中风了。A. patient耐心的；B. firm牢固的；C. conscious神志清醒的；D. safe安全的。根据下文“The worker agreed to let her board with my 13 . Just like the woman said, then she was perfectly fine.”可知，我陪她是为了确保她的安全。故选D。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我支持她，尽管她忘记了证明，但她的病情很快就会消失A. regretted后悔；B. allowed允许；C. advocated支持；拥护；D. apologized道歉。根据下文“Just like the woman said, then she was perfectly fine”，可知，此处指我对那位女士说的话很赞同。故选C。
【52题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. disappear消失；B. increase增加；C. exist存在；D. spread传播。根据前文“she’d had this 6 condition for thirty years and would be “perfectly fine in just a bit””可知，此处指她的这种状况不久就会消失。故选A。
【53题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：工人同意在我的帮助下让她上飞机。A. guidance指导；B. contribution贡献；C. assistance帮助；D. sympathy同情心。根据前文“I jumped up and 3 in front of her, asking if she was okay.”及“I stayed behind to keep her 10 on board”可知，我对那个女人给予了帮忙，故选C。
【54题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，我当时就在那里，毫不犹豫地帮了忙A. break in插嘴；B. hold on别挂断；C. check out结账离开；D. help out帮帮忙；帮助……摆脱困难。根据前文“I jumped up and 3 in front of her, asking if she was okay.”及“I stayed behind to keep her 10 on board”可知，我对那个女人给予了帮忙，故选D。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个人都有自己的难事，有时需要有人关心。A. challenge挑战；B. conflicts冲突；C. principle原则；D. struggle难事。根据前文“a woman sitting across had a medical episode.”及“The woman was 2 all over and quickly lost control of her body”可知，那个女人遇到了困难，故选D。
第二节(共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入一个单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Recently, 16 Chinese online novels have been added to the collection of the British Library. ___56___ (cover) themes of science fiction, history, reality and fantasy, these works are considered the classics of Chinese online literature from the past 20 years.
The library usually selects works ___57___ (base) on their popularity or by considering an item’s value. Readers can check the information about the 16 books on the library’s website, and borrow printed ___58___ (copy). As one of the current key parts of mass cultural consumption, ___59___ began with “fast food” romanced, fantasies and mysteries, the Chinese online literature industry has received increasing ___60___ (recognize) from home and abroad.
One of the 16 novels, Happiness in Palm tells a story about love and delicacies (美食) in ancient times. The author created a ___61___ (represent) heroine who was tough and intelligent, facing up to hardships with courage, perseverance and optimism. “It’s ___62___ surprise to me that online fiction can be added to the collection of a foreign library. ___63___ feels like the path of online novel writing is becoming much ___64___ (wide)” the writer says.
Great Power, Heavy Industry tells of how China’s manufacturing industries ___65___ (grow) stronger in recent decades, and foreign readers can learn about the Chinese system and culture behind the country’s swift economic development, getting to know China better in the process.
【答案】56. Covering
57. based 58. copies
59. which 60. recognition
61. representative
62. a 63. It
64. wider 65. have grown
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了大英图书馆新增了16部中国网络小说。这些作品涵盖了科幻、历史、现实和奇幻的方方面面，被认为是近20年来中国网络文学的经典之作。
【56题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这些作品涵盖了科幻、历史、现实和奇幻的方方面面，被认为是近20年来中国网络文学的经典之作。设空处在句中作非谓语，和逻辑主语these works之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语。故填Covering。
【57题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：图书馆通常根据作品的受欢迎程度或作品的价值来选择作品。设空处在句中作非谓语，和逻辑主语works之间是被动关系，应用动词的过去分词的形式作后置定语。故填based。
【58题详解】
考查名词。句意：读者可以在图书馆网站上查询这16本书的相关信息，并借阅印刷本。设空处在句中作宾语，应用名词的形式，空前无限定词修饰，应用名词复数形式表泛指。故填copies。
【59题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：中国网络文学产业作为当前大众文化消费的重要组成部分之一，从浪漫的“快餐”、幻想和神秘开始，越来越受到国内外的认可。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为mass cultural consumption，从句缺少主语，应用关系代词which。故填which。
【60题详解】
考查名词。句意同上。设空处在句中作宾语，应用名词；recognition“认可”是抽象概念为不可数名词。故填recognition。
【61题详解】
考查形容词。句意：作者塑造了一个坚强、聪明、勇敢、坚持、乐观地面对困难的代表性女主人公。设空处后为名词，形容词修饰名词，设空处应用形容词的形式。故填representative。
【62题详解】
考查冠词。句意：作者说：“外国图书馆能收藏网络小说，这让我很惊讶。感觉网络小说的写作路径变得越来越宽了。”设空处后为名词surprise，表示“一件惊讶的事”，为可数名词单数形式；设空处表泛指，应用不定冠词，且该词的发音是辅音音素开头，故填a。
【63题详解】
考查代词。句意同上。固定句型it feels like (that)…感觉……，故填It。
【64题详解】
考查形容词的比较级。句意同7小题。much修饰比较级，设空处应用比较级形式作表语。故填wider。
【65题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：《大国，重工业》讲述了中国制造业在近几十年是如何发展壮大的，外国读者可以了解中国经济快速发展背后的中国制度和文化，在这个过程中更好地了解中国。设空处为宾语从句的谓语动词，根据时间状语in recent decades，可知句子的时态为现在完成时，主语为industries，结合主谓一致。故填have grown。
第四部分 写作 (共两节,满分40 分)
第一节 (满分15分)
66. 你校将以世界文化遗产为主题，举办英语征文比赛。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1.文化遗产的重要性；
2.保护文化遗产的倡议。
注意: 1.词数80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
Cultural heritage is the common treasure of mankind. It provides a strong symbol of the past from which we can reflect on the present and future. Cultural heritage is unique and can’t be replaced once it has gone. Therefore, it is important to protect cultural heritage because preserving it promises great benefits for the future.
The public should promote the awareness of cultural heritage protection. Countries should team up with one another to work out practical plans regarding cultural heritage protection. As senior students, we can help protect cultural heritage by making visitors respect its history.
Every little effort counts. It is my firm belief that only with joined efforts can we have a better tomorrow.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达是开放作文。要求考生为学校举办的以世界文化遗产为主题的英语征文比赛写一篇短文投稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
共同的：common→mutual
提供：provide→offer
代替：replace→take the place of
保护：protection→conservation
合作：team up→cooperate
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Cultural heritage is the common treasure of mankind.
拓展句：Cultural heritage is the common treasure of mankind, which is highly valued.
【点睛】【高分句型1】It provides a strong symbol of the past from which we can reflect on the present and future. (运用了which引导的定语从句)
【高分句型2】Therefore, it is important to protect cultural heritage because preserving it promises great benefits for the future.(运用了because引导的原因状语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
In 1996, I was a 23-year-old surgery student at Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College in Cut tack, Odisha. Being a doctor was my dream. Each time I wore my white doctor’s coat, I felt excited. I had a spring in my step while walking the halls of this famous institution. Above all, I could follow behind the senior physicians treating patients in real time.
Like many medical students in training, I was assigned the night shift. As part of the team, I enjoyed interacting with patients. On a summer night, around one a. m., I was on duty when a tall middle-aged man came in on a stretcher (担架) in severe pain. His large body was doubled over his hands pressing his stomach to try to contain his pain. We got to work.
Banudhar, the patient, complained of progressive pain in his stomach which was abnormally swollen, a symptom building up over the past four hours. Despite some relief from the pain killers, his continuous discomfort was clear. It had been troubling him for several months but he had ignored the symptoms, caring on with his work to feed his family. But that night, he just could not carry on and needed an operation right away.
Banudhar had been taken to the hospital, but nobody attended him. He was alone and terrified. He asked me if his condition was serious, his eyes wild with worry. I couldn’t find the right words, stricken by inexperience and emotion.
“Should I be honest? Will honesty upset him further?”
“How can he make right decisions in his state?”
There must be someone to be here for him, especially during and after the operation. I thought and did my best to contact his wife.
His family lived in a village five hours away from Cuttack. The first three calls did not go through. A few more went unanswered. By then it was almost dawn and my hope was fading.
注意:
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Twenty minutes later, his wife called back.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
His wife made it to the hospital after the operation.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
Twenty minutes later, his wife called back. I informed her of Banudhar’s physical condition and that he needed an operation at once. When she heard the news, she burst into tears, eager to rush to the hospital. But she added that she might be late because of traffic inconvenience. I realized her inner anxiety and tried my best to comfort her, promising to attend to her husband before her arrival. During the period Danudhar’s operation was performed against time. And I did perform my duty as I had promised.
His wife made it to the hospital after the operation. When I led her to her husband-weak but alive, she wept with relief. She apologized for her delay and meanwhile appreciated my care and help. I still paid a visit every day. To my delight, Banudhar was recovering day by day. Soon he left hospital, carrying on with his daily routine to feed his family. From the experience, I was fully aware of the responsibility and great value as a doctor, which, therefore, inspired me to continue to pursue my dream.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开。文章讲述了我作为外科学生时的经历。一个夏天的夜晚，大约凌晨一点，在一次值夜班期间，我遇到一个躺在担架上的中年男人，男人双手压在自己的肚子上，试图抑制肚子的疼痛。肚子疼的症状已经困扰他好几个月，但他一直忽视这些症状，那天晚上的疼痛使得他无法忍受，要面临手术。因为没有人照顾他。他很孤独，很害怕，我也找不到合适的词来安慰他，所以我想尽办法联系他的妻子，但联系的电话都没接通，我的希望越来越渺茫。
【详解】1. 段落续写
①由第一段首句内容“二十分钟后，他妻子打来电话。”可知，第一段可描写我在电话里告诉他妻子男人的情况，我意识到他妻子的焦虑，答应在她到来之前照顾好她的丈夫。
②由第二段首句内容“他的妻子在手术后赶到了医院。”可知，第二段可描写男人的妻子来到医院看到做完手术的丈夫后，对我表示感谢。此次经历让我感悟到作为一名医生的责任和巨大的价值。
2. 续写线索
电话接通——告知情形——意识到她的焦虑——我做出承诺——妻子来到医院——感谢我的帮忙——康复离开医院——我的感悟
3. 词汇激活
行为类
告知，通知：inform/notify/acquaint
照顾：attend to /look after/take care of
安慰：comfort/console/soothe/ease
情绪类
急切的，热切的：eager/anxious/keen
如释重负：with relief/in relief/to one’s relief
【点睛】【高分句型1】
I realized her inner anxiety and tried my best to comfort her, promising to attend to her husband before her arrival.（运用了现在分词作状语）
高分句型2】
I was fully aware of the responsibility and great value as a doctor, which, therefore, inspired me to continue to pursue my dream.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
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