2023届广东省名校高三下学期5月仿真模拟考试英语试题含解析

这是一份2023届广东省名校高三下学期5月仿真模拟考试英语试题含解析，共23页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，用单词的适当形式完成短文，开放性作文，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2023届广东省名校高三下学期5月仿真模拟考试英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、阅读理解
From life-saving medical technologies to everyday household items, these four brilliant women left an indelible mark on history with their inventions.
Modern ironing board by Sarah Boone
Before the invention, clothing used to be ironed on wooden planks balanced between chairs. Though it seems like a simple invention, Bone put a lot of thoughts into it, which was evident in the end product. Aside from solving the initial problem of uneven ironing, Boone also made the ironing board’s legs folded for storage and designed a curved (弧形的) shape for the body to accommodate sleeves and curved areas. Alongside her invention, Boone also became one of the first African-American woman to receive a patent.
Silk by Empress Lei Zu
Though there is no way of confirming the account, ancient writings (including Confucius’) attribute the first invention of silk to the Chinese Empress Lei Zu, who was four-teen at the time and had been enjoying tea in the imperial gardens when a fateful incident took place. A cocoon (茧) fell into her teacup and lost its cohesiveness (粘结性) upon contact with the hot water. The fact that the cocoon was a single strand of silk had drawn Lei Zu’s attention and she wove the thread into fabric, creating silk cloth.
Caller ID and call waiting by Shirley Ann Jackson
Dr Shirley Ann Jackson broke the glass ceiling as the first African-American woman to be awarded a doctorate from MIT. She contributed to the invention of caller ID and call waiting during her research period at AT&.T Bell Laboratories, so we can now see the phone number and name of whoever is ringing our phones.
Spray-on skin repair technique by Fiona Wood
Dr Fiona Wood introduced spray-on skin repair technique to the world in the 1990s. The technique changed the way in which burn victims used to be treated, as spray-on skin repair technique can be directly applied to wounds to form a new layer of skin that promotes healing and minimises the risk of infection.
1．What can we learn about Sarah Boone?
A．She learned a lot from ironing. B．She solved the problem of washing.
C．She created a piece of useful furniture. D．She was the first person to receive a patent.2．What inspired Lei Zu to find silk?
A．Her interest in drinking tea. B．A cocoon dropping into her cup.
C．A desire to write something crucial. D．Her working in the imperial gardens.3．Who made a contribution to medical cause?
A．Sarah Boone. B．Lei Zu. C．Shirley Ann Jackson. D．Fiona Wood.

My father was the kind of guy who could walk into a room full of strangers and leave with new best friends for life! He was a hard worker and was known as “Mr Fix-It” to everyone. He was also one of the most cheerful, affable (和葛可亲的) and gentle people you would ever meet, which made us, his beloved daughters feel proud.
But when Dad was in his fifties, my family began to notice him struggling. His work and skills began to become worse and worse, and he became depressed and withdrawn. This was not the man I knew. At the age of fifty-eight, Dad was diagnosed with early-onset Alzheimer’s disease. As for our family, it was the worst.
Our first step was to attend a meeting hosted by the Alzheimer’s Association to learn more about the disease and programs that might help us. That meeting inspired me to start a Walk to End Alzheimer’s® team. But I still wanted to do more. In 2017, I became a board member of the Alzheimer’s Association Delaware Valley Chapter.
The loss from this disease is gradual. My father’s decline continued for several years. Losing my father more and more each day was leaving a big hole in my heart and my life. I decided to fill that hole with action to honor my father.
That’s why I recently decided to leave a gift to the Alzheimer’s Association by naming it as a beneficiary of my retirement plan. My future gift will provide money to support research because I don’t want another person in my family or someone in other families to have to suffer from Alzheimer’s disease.
I am so proud to be able to honor my father and other family members who lost their fights to Alzheimer’s in this way. My dad was an inspiration to me, and I hope, through my gift, I can inspire others to join in the fight to end Alzheimer’s.
4．What can we infer about the author’s father before having Alzheimer’s?
A．He was an outgoing man. B．He hiked with strangers.
C．He made a living by sales. D．He was a popular repairer of cars.5．What did the author initially do for her father’s disease?
A．She consulted many experts. B．She established a research team.
C．She gained more relevant information. D．She funded the Alzheimer’s Association.6．What gift does the author leave to the Alzheimer’s Association?
A．Research funds for the disease. B．A record of her father’s mental state.
C．Her research papers on families like hers. D．Experts’ suggestions on her father’s disease.7．What does the author focus on in the last paragraph?
A．Her precious gift. B．Her father’s firm confidence.
C．Her future expectation. D．Her father’s original motivation.

Conifers (针叶树) are generally better than broad-leaved trees at purifying air from pollutants. But deciduous (落叶的) trees may be better at taking in particle-bound pollution. A new study led by the University of Gothenburg shows that the best trees for air purification depend on the type of pollutants involved.
Trees and other greener in cities provide many benefits that are important for the well-being of residents. Leaves and needled on trees filter air pollutants and reduce exposure to poisonous substance in the air. But which trees purify the air most effectively? Researchers from the University of Gothenburg have collected leaves and needle from eleven different trees growing in the same place in the Gothenburg Botanical Garden (GBG) to analyse which cub-stances they have absorbed.
“This tree collection provided a unique opportunity to test many different species of trees with similar environmental conditions and exposure to air pollutants,” said Jenny Klingberg, a researcher of the GBG
A total of 32 different pollutants were analysed, some of which are bound to articles of various sizes. Others are gaseous. This project has focused on paths (多环芳烃). In cities, traffic is the biggest source of these pollutants, which are released due to incomplete burning in engines.
“Our analysis show that different species of trees have different abilities to absorb air pollutants. Conifers generally absorb morn gaseous paths than broad-leaved trees. Another advantage of conifers is that they also act as air purifies in winter, when air pollution is usually at its highest,” said Jenny Klingberg.
“This study contributes to improving our understanding of the ability of trees to clean the air and which species are best at absorbing air pollutants,” said Jenny Klingberg. This known-edge is important for urban planning when designing sustainable cities. While trees and green-era can contribute to better air quality in cities, at the end of the day, the most important measure is to reduce emissions.
8．Which is the determining factor in choosing the most suitable tries to purify air?
A．Air quality. B．Geographical location. C．The height of plants. D．The kind of pollutants.9．Why did the researchers collect leaves and needled from GBG?
A．To compare their shapes. B．To create a tree collection.
C．To figure out what they absorb. D．To display them on exhibition.10．What may cause more paths to be released?
A．Fuel vehicle’s. B．Electric engines. C．Traffic accidents. D．Complete burning.11．What is the most effective way to better air quality in cities?
A．Decreasing emissions. B．Planting more conifers.
C．Raising public awareness. D．Designing sustainable cities.

Diplomacy (外交) is an art. It requires not only strategy, but also other aspects, including intuition, persuasion, and even tricks, human skills that have long been unreachable to even the most powerful artificial intelligence (AI) approaches. Now, an AI algorithm (算法) from a high-tech company has shown it can beat many humans in a game of diplomacy, which required both strategic planning and negotiations with other players. The work, researchers said, could point the way toward virtual exercise coaches and conflict mediators (调解员) .
AI has already beaten humans in some games of strategy. It is also proving powerful at natural-language processing, in which it can generate humanlike text and carry on conversations. In the game of diplomacy, seven players vied for control of Europe. On each turn, players issued orders regarding the movement of army and naval units, following discussion with other players, whom they could attack or support.
There are two technical innovations noted by Jonathan Gratch, a computer scientist at the University of Southern California who studies negotiation agents. First, the Al agent’s com-munication is grounded in multistep planning. Second. the Al agent keeps its remarks and game play within the range of human common practice.
To test its skill, the researchers had the Al agent play 40 online games against humans. It placed in the top 10% of players who’d played at least two games. “In a game that involves language and negotiation, that agents can reach human equal level is very exciting,” said Yu, a computer scientist at Columbia University.
According to Brown, a computer scientist at the company who co-authored the paper, the work could lead to practical applications in fields that now require a human touch. One specific example is that virtual personal assistants might help consumers negotiate for better prices on plane tickets. Gratch and Yu both see opportunities for agents that persuade people to make healthy choices or open up during therapy.
12．Who is likely to benefit from the research work?
A．A famous cyber athlete. B．A professor of civil law.
C．A professional accountant. D．A virtual fitness instructor.13．What does the underlined word “vied” mean in paragraph 2?
A．Accounted. B．Apologized. C．Searched. D．Competed.14．Why does the author mention AI agent?
A．To understand the thought of AI. B．To illustrate the advantages of AI.
C．To describe the importance of AI. D．To introduce the strategy of AI.15．What is the best title for the text?
A．Diplomacy, a Popular Game B．AI Learns the Art of Diplomacy
C．Al Will Become a Perfect Diplomat D．An Excellent Game Player


二、七选五
How to prepare for a thrilling hike? Hiking needs mental and physical preparation weeks before the material day. If you’re a fan of hiking mountains. Here is a guide to help you.
Train hard and train in time
You need to train your body at least three months before the challenge. 16 You can start with baby steps and gradually take more demanding exercises and distance. You can often carry your hiking stick to promote stability. Keep track of your progress to help you achieve your goal.
Choose your clothes carefully
17 . Wear light absorbent pants to reduce friction and promote absorption of sweat. Long pants keep you safe from stinging weeds, insects and tough weather.
18
You must consider various factors before purchasing the most appropriate hiking shoes. First, mind the terrain (地形) of the hiking ground. A mild terrain will do fine with light shoes. On the other hand. A tough, hard and mountainous terrain require hardy hots to help navigate the rocky grounds.
Adequately pack your bag
Your bag is your lifeline when hiking. Water is the most essential itch when hiking. The body performs best when you hydrate frequently throughout the challenge. Carry adequate clean water and sip often. 19 These are primary tools to help you find your way, water points, emergency towers, and other places. Hope for the lest but always prepare for ever-agencies. Thus, ensure you have a flash light, a lighter and a whistle.
Hiking is a refreshing way of keeping fit, having fun and building resilience. 20
A．Choose appropriate footwear
B．Search for the route you will he hiking
C．Carry a compass, a map and a gas with you
D．Adequate water can help you be in good con lit ion
E．create a regular schedule and be disciplined to follow it
F．Wear appropriate clothes that allow your free movement
G．Adequate planning will help have a fantastic experience of it


三、完形填空
The world is full of opportunities. Ignoring them or seizing one depends on one’s attitude. Mike seized the chance and did what he wanted to do.
Mike used to be a janitor (看门人) at an elementary school. He collected and cleared away the 21 for the school too. This school has a 22 place in Mike’s heart. He went to this school as a young boy and was a teacher there for 19 years. However, before his career in teaching, he 23 in the same school as a janitor. He has always been good at 24 with students.
Seeing this, the teachers 25 him to pursue a teaching career. After years of hard work and fierce 26 , Mike finished his degree in 2003 and 27 a teaching job at the elementary school. Since then, he has become a constant 28 in the school.
Mike found teaching a very rewarding job. For him, it was important that the students grow up not just remembering the 29 but also how a teacher made them feel. Mike was excited to teach the children at the school and was 30 to teach the fifth grade. He was shocked when the directors offered him the 31 of principal a week before the school year started.
“I am 32 grateful. I don’t do anything special. I just 33 and try my best,” said Mike. He was also very excited to take on the challenges of being the new 34 of the school, assume new responsibilities and help 35 the school.
21．A．bag B．mouse C．refuse D．beggar
22．A．special B．formal C．mobile D．confusing
23．A．lived B．worked C．studied D．arrived
24．A．quarrelling B．debating C．fighting D．communicating
25．A．commanded B．encouraged C．constructed D．allowed
26．A．determination B．appreciation C．suffering D．impression
27．A．rejected B．obtained C．offered D．reformed
28．A．candidate B．reporter C．figure D．cyclist
29．A．sufferings B．classmates C．pleasures D．lessons
30．A．prepared B．guided C．pressed D．depressed
31．A．role B．desire C．concern D．behavior
32．A．despairingly B．truly C．nearly D．exactly
33．A．let in B．get out C．set aside D．show up
34．A．operator B．visitor C．leader D．performer
35．A．rebuild B．search C．attain D．improve


四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.
When was the last time you blew too high 36 a swing and lost your stomach, or burst out laughing so hard that you start crying?
A lot of us may be still recovering from antisocial habits 37 (form) in the tough time. And so far, some events out of our control 38 (have) a bad effect on our health. Last fall, 76% of adults surveyed by the American Psychological Association said stress from politics. race relations and violence had affected their health. They reported 39 (experience) headaches, depression, nervousness and exhaustion.
But 40 (solution) may be hiding in plain sight. Two recent books argue that making room for more fun in your life could counteract (抵消) both the stress and the tendency   41 (escape) it by zoning out online.
In a book published in January, psychologist Mike trucker makes the case that pursuit of fun experiences may be even more valuable than seeking the sometimes abstract goal of happiness. In Rucker’s opinion, happiness is 42 state of mind. But fun is something we can do for 43 (we). It doesn’t require education, money or power. All it requires is intentionality. We 44 (actual) ignore the importance of fun. We are so casual and careless about 45 we use things around us to make us fun, but it is important for our happiness and health.


五、开放性作文
46．假定你是李华，你校英语角上个月举办了为期一个月的关于二十四节气(24 solar terms)的系列讲座。请你为校英文报写一篇短文报道此事，内容包括：
1．活动的目的；
2．活动的内容；
3．活动的反响。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A Series of Lectures on the 24 Solar Terms
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

六、读后续写
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
On Christmas Eve, I called my mom from the bakery where I worked part-time, telling her that I was working with a couple of co-workers. The store was about to close. The person from a local charity who was scheduled to pick up the leftover (剩下的) bread had not shown up.
I was worried about what to do with the food, so I called my mom and she suggested I call the manager to ask for advice. The manager told me to throw the leftovers into the garbage. They were approximately 1,500 dollars’ worth of fresh baked goods.
It seemed completely wrong for all this good food to go to waste, so I called Mom again and talked about where we could take it. She told me that a new homeless shelter had just opened in our city, so Mom called and asked if the homeless shelter needed the free baked goods. An excited staff member said, “Yes, please!”
Mom drove to the bakery. We loaded up the van (小型货车) with my co-workers and Mom drove to the homeless shelter. As we walked toward the entrance, a woman opened the door for us. She thanked us for what we were doing and said she was really grateful for her new temporary home. She introduced herself and told us her friends called her Star. We chatted for a while on the sidewalk with light snow falling around us. Star said that moving off the streets into the shelter had saved her life.
Star told us that she had decided her job in life was to help and protect people. She spent her days looking out for those who needed help. She tried to do kind things for others whenever she could. Then she asked me for a favor. She showed me a book that a friend had given her when she’d been living on the streets. She wanted to tell him she was okay, but she couldn’t afford the long-distance call.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I told Star I would be happy to pass her message on to her friend.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
A few months later, when I was walking to the bakery, I saw a woman standing in the middle of the crosswalk.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考答案：
1．C 2．B 3．D

【导语】本文是应用文。文章介绍了四位杰出的女性。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Before the invention, clothing used to be ironed on wooden planks balanced between chairs. Though it seems like a simple invention, Boone put a lot of thoughts into it, which was evident in the end product. Aside from solving the initial problem of uneven ironing, Boone also made the ironing board’s legs folded for storage and designed a curved (弧形的) shape for the body to accommodate sleeves and curved areas.(在发明之前，衣服是在椅子之间的木板上熨烫的。虽然这看起来像是一个简单的发明，但Boone在其中投入了很多想法，这在最终产品中是显而易见的。除了解决最初熨烫不均匀的问题外，Boone还将熨衣板的腿折叠起来存放，并为木板设计了一个弯曲的形状，以容纳袖子和弯曲的区域)”可知，Sarah Boone发明的烫衣板是一件有用的家具。故选C项。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“A cocoon (茧) fell into her teacup and lost its cohesiveness (粘结性) upon contact with the hot water. The fact that the cocoon was a single strand of silk had drawn Lei Zu’s attention and she wove the thread into fabric, creating silk cloth.(一只茧掉进了她的茶杯里，一接触到热水就失去了粘性。蚕茧是一根单丝，这引起了嫘祖的注意，她把丝线织成织物，制成了丝绸)”可知，嫘祖在花园喝茶时，一只茧掉进了她的杯子里。这个意外让她发现了蚕丝。故选B项。
3．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Dr Fiona Wood introduced spray-on skin repair technique to the world in the 1990s.(菲奥娜·伍德医生在20世纪90年代向世界介绍了皮肤喷雾修复技术)”可知，Fiona Wood 首创了用喷雾治疗皮肤烧伤的技术，为医疗事业做出了贡献。故选D项。
4．A 5．C 6．A 7．C

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。父亲确诊为早发型阿尔茨海默病，在了解这种疾病和逐渐“失去”父亲的过程中，作者投入到与阿尔茨海默病相关的慈善事业中，并呼吁人们参与其中。
【详解】1.推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“My father was the kind of guy who could walk into a room full of strangers and leave with new best friends for life!(我父亲是那种可以走进一间满是陌生人的房间，离开时却能交到一辈子最好的朋友的人！)”可推知，作者的父亲在患病前是一个善于交际的人，外向的人。故选A。

2.细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Our first step was to attend a meeting hosted by the Alzheimer’s Association to learn more about the disease and programs that might help us.(我们的第一步是参加由阿尔茨海默氏症协会主办的会议，了解更多关于这种疾病的知识和可能帮助我们的项目)”可知，作者在父亲确诊为早发型阿尔茨海默病后，最初去参加了阿尔茨海默病协会主办的会议，以了解更多关于该疾病的信息。故选C。
3.细节理解题。根据第五段“That’s why I recently decided to leave a gift to the Alzheimer’s Association by naming it as a beneficiary of my retirement plan. My future gift will provide money to support research because I don’t want another person in my family or someone in other families to have to suffer from Alzheimer’s disease.(这就是为什么我最近决定给阿尔茨海默氏症协会留下一份礼物，把它命名为我退休计划的受益人的原因。我未来的礼物将提供资金支持研究，因为我不希望我的家人或其他家庭的人患上阿尔茨海默病)”可知，作者留给了阿尔茨海默氏症协会研究该疾病的经费。故选A。
4.推理判断题。根据最后一段“I am so proud to be able to honor my father and other family members who lost their fights to Alzheimer’s in this way. My dad was an inspiration to me, and I hope, through my gift, I can inspire others to join in the fight to end Alzheimer’s.(我很自豪能够以这种方式纪念我的父亲和其他与阿尔茨海默氏症斗争失败的家庭成员。我的父亲鼓舞了我，我希望，通过我的礼物，我可以激励其他人加入到结束阿尔茨海默氏症的斗争中来)”可推知，作者在最后一段的重点是阐述她对未来的期盼。故选C。
8．D 9．C 10．A 11．A

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍哥德堡大学的一项新研究表明，净化空气的最佳树木取决于所涉及的污染物的类型。
8．细节理解题。根据第一段“Conifers (针叶树) are generally better than broad-leaved trees at purifying air from pollutants. But deciduous (落叶的) trees may be better at taking in particle-bound pollution. A new study led by the University of Gothenburg shows that the best trees for air purification depend on the type of pollutants involved.(针叶树通常比阔叶树更能净化空气中的污染物。但是落叶树木在吸收微粒污染方面可能做得更好。哥德堡大学领导的一项新研究表明，净化空气的最佳树木取决于所涉及的污染物的类型)”可知，净化空气的最佳树木取决于所涉及的污染物的类型。故选D。
9．细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Researchers from the University of Gothenburg have collected leaves and needle from eleven different trees growing in the same place in the Gothenburg Botanical Garden (GBG) to analyse which cub-stances they have absorbed. (哥德堡大学的研究人员收集了生长在哥德堡植物园(GBG)同一地点的11棵不同树木的叶子和针叶，以分析它们吸收了哪些物质)”可知，哥德堡大学的研究人员收集了生长在哥德堡植物园内同一地点的11棵不同树木的叶子，目的是分析它们吸收了哪些物质。故选C。
10．细节理解题。根据第四段“A total of 32 different pollutants were analysed, some of which are bound to articles of various sizes. Others are gaseous. This project has focused on paths (多环芳烃). In cities, traffic is the biggest source of these pollutants, which are released due to incomplete burning in engines. (总共分析了32种不同的污染物，其中一些与不同大小的物品结合在一起。还有一些是气态的。这个项目的重点是路径。在城市中，交通是这些污染物的最大来源，这些污染物是由于发动机不完全燃烧而释放的)”可知，交通是这些污染物的最大来源，它们是由于发动机不完全燃烧而释放出来的。故选A。
11．细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“While trees and green-era can contribute to better air quality in cities, at the end of the day, the most important measure is to reduce emissions. (虽然树木和绿色时代有助于改善城市的空气质量，但归根结底，最重要的措施是减少排放)”可知，改善城市空气质量的最有效方法减少排放。故选A。
12．D 13．D 14．B 15．B

【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了人工智能具有了谈判和其他一些外交技能。
12．细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“The work, researchers said, could point the way toward virtual exercise coaches and conflict mediators (调解员).(研究人员表示，这项工作可能会为虚拟运动教练和冲突调解人指明方向)”可知，虚拟健身教练可能从这项研究工作中受益。故选D。
13．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“In the game of diplomacy, seven players(在外交游戏中，七名玩家)”和下文“control of Europe(控制欧洲)”可知，划线词所在句子表示“在外交游戏中，七名选手争夺对欧洲的控制权”。由此可知，划线词vied的意思是“竞争”，和competed意思相近，故选D。
14．推理判断题。根据第三段“First, the Al agent’s com-munication is grounded in multistep planning.  Second.  the Al agent keeps its remarks and game play within the range of human common practice.(首先，人工智能主体的通信建立在多步骤规划的基础上。第二。人工智能代理将其言论和游戏玩法保持在人类通常做法的范围内)”和第四段“To test its skill, the researchers had the Al agent play 40 online games against humans. It placed in the top 10% of players who’d played at least two games. “In a game that involves language and negotiation, that agents can reach human equal level is very exciting,” said Yu, a computer scientist at Columbia University.(为了测试它的技能，研究人员让人工智能和人类玩了40场在线游戏。它在至少玩过两款游戏的玩家中排名前10%。“在一个涉及语言和谈判的游戏中，智能体能达到与人类相当的水平是非常令人兴奋的，”哥伦比亚大学的计算机科学家Yu说)”可推知，作者提到人工智能代理是为了说明人工智能的优势。故选B。
15．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“Now, an AI algorithm (算法) from a high-tech company has shown it can beat many humans in a game of diplomacy, which required both strategic planning and negotiations with other players. The work, researchers said, could point the way toward virtual exercise coaches and conflict mediators (调解员).(现在，一家高科技公司的人工智能算法显示，它可以在外交游戏中击败许多人类，这需要战略规划和与其他玩家的谈判。研究人员表示，这项工作可能会为虚拟运动教练和冲突调解人指明方向)”可知，本文主要介绍了人工智能具有的谈判和其他一些外交技能。由此可知，最好的标题是B选项“AI Learns the Art of Diplomacy(人工智能学会了外交艺术)”。故选B。
16．E 17．F 18．A 19．C 20．G

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章告诉我们如何为惊险的徒步旅行做准备。
16．根据上文“You need to train your body at least three months before the challenge. (在挑战开始前，你至少需要提前三个月训练你的身体。) ”和下文“You can start with baby steps and gradually take more demanding exercises and distance. (你可以从小步开始，逐渐进行更多的练习并增加距离。) ”可推测设空处应该是制定训练计划，然后按时训练，E项“制订一个有规律的时间表，并严格遵守。”符合语境。故选E。
17．根据本段标题“Choose your clothes carefully (仔细选择你的衣服) ”和下文“Wear light absorbent pants to reduce friction and promote absorption of sweat. (穿轻薄的裤子可以减少摩擦，促进汗水的吸收)”可知本段主要讲要穿适合的衣服，F项“穿合适的，能让你自由活动的衣服。”符合语境。故选F。
18．根据下文“You must consider various factors before purchasing the most appropriate hiking shoes. (在购买最合适的登山鞋之前，你必须考虑各种因素。)” 可知本段是关于如何选择鞋子的，所以A项“选择合适的鞋”是本段的主题。故选A。
19．根据下文“These are primary tools to help you find your way, water points, emergency towers, and other places. (这些都是帮助你找到方向、供水点、应急塔和其他地方的主要工具。)”可知，设空处应是要携带的工具，C项“随身携带指南针、地图和GPS。”符合语境。故选C。
20．根据上文“Hiking is a refreshing way of keeping fit, having fun and building resilience. (徒步旅行是一种可以让人保持健康、享受乐趣和增强复原力的方式。) ”可知后文是对前面进行总结，所以只有计划好，才会有一个美好的徒步旅行体验，G项“充分的计划将有助于获得美妙的户外体验。”符合语境。故选G。

21．C 22．A 23．B 24．D 25．B 26．A 27．B 28．C 29．D 30．A 31．A 32．B 33．D 34．C 35．D

【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了迈克抓住机会，做了他想做的事。这表明这个世界充满了机遇，忽视它们或抓住它们取决于一个人的态度。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他也为学校收集并清理了垃圾。A. bag包；B. mouse老鼠；C. refuse垃圾；D. beggar乞讨者。根据上文“Mike used to be a janitor (看门人) at an elementary school. He collected and cleared away”可知，迈克作为学校的看门人，能收集并清理的应该是学校的垃圾。故选C。
22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这所学校在迈克心中有着特殊的地位。A. special特殊的；B. formal正式的；C. mobile无线的；D. confusing令人困惑的。根据下文“He went to this school as a young boy and was a teacher there for 19 years.”可知，这所学校对迈克来说是很特殊的存在。故选A。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，在他从事教学工作之前，他曾在同一所学校担任看门人。A. lived居住；B. worked工作；C. studied研究；D. arrived到达。根据下文“in the same school as a janitor”可知，这里是指迈克从事教学工作之前的工作。故选B。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他一向善于与学生交流。A. quarrelling争吵；B. debating争论；C. fighting打架；D. communicating交流。根据下文“Seeing this, the teachers 　　　5　　　him to pursue a teaching career. ”可知，这里指迈克善于与学生交流。故选D。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到这一点，老师们鼓励他从事教学事业。A. commanded要求；B. encouraged鼓励；C. constructed建设；D. allowed允许。根据下文“him to pursue a teaching career”可知，这是其他老师们鼓励迈克去做的事情。故选B。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过多年的努力和坚定的决心，迈克于2003年完成了学位，并在这所小学找到了一份教学工作。A. determination决心；B. appreciation感激；C. suffering遭受痛苦；D. impression印象。根据下文“Mike finished his degree in 2003”可知，迈克完成了学位，所以他应该是需要付出很多的努力和决心。故选A。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：见第6题详解。A. rejected拒绝；B. obtained获得；C. offered提供；D. reformed改革。根据上文“Mike finished his degree in 2003”可知，迈克完成了学位，所以他会获得学校的工作。故选B。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，他就成了学校里一个固定的人物。A. candidate候选人；B. reporter记者；C. figure人物；D. cyclist骑自行车的人。根据上文“Mike finished his degree in 2003 and 　　7　　 a teaching job at the elementary school.”可知，迈克完成了学位并获得了在学校教学的工作，所以他应该是学校的固定人物了。故选C。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：对他来说，重要的是，学生们在成长过程中不仅要记住课程，还要记住老师给他们的感受。A. sufferings遭受痛苦；B. classmates同班同学；C. pleasures快乐；D. lessons课程。根据上文“the students grow up not just remembering the”可知，学生上学要记住的最根本的是课程。故选D。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：迈克很兴奋能在学校教孩子们，并准备教五年级的学生。A. prepared准备；B. guided引导；C. pressed压；D. depressed使沮丧。根据下文“to teach the fifth grade.”可知，这是迈克接下来准备要做的事情。故选A。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在学年开始前一周，当董事们邀请他担任校长时，他感到震惊。A. role角色；B. desire渴望；C. concern关心；D. behavior行为。根据下文“of principal”可知，这里指校长这个角色。故选A。
32．考查副词词义辨析。句意：“我真的很感激。我没有做任何特别的事情。我只是出现并尽我最大的努力，”迈克说。A. despairingly绝望地；B. truly真地；C. nearly几乎；D. exactly准确地。根据下文“grateful”可知，这里是强调真的很感激。故选B。
33．考查动词短语辨析。句意：见第12题详解。A. let in允许进入；B. get out出去；C. set aside放一边；D. show up出现。根据下文“and try my best,”可知，这里指迈克认为他只是出现在学校并且尽力做了他应该做的事情。故选D。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他也很兴奋能够接受成为学校新领导的挑战，承担新的责任，帮助改善学校。A. operator操作者；B. visitor记者；C. leader领导者；D. performer表演者。根据上文“when the directors offered him the 　　11　　 of principal”可知，这里指他做学校校长这个领导者职务。故选C。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：见第14题详解。A. rebuild重建；B. search研究；C. attain获得；D. improve改善。根据上文“assume new responsibilities and help”可知，迈克作为新校长，他要承担新的责任，并且帮助改善学校状况。故选D。

36．on 37．formed 38．have had/have been having 39．experiencing 40．solutions 41．to escape 42．a 43．ourselves 44．actually 45．how

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章说明了现如今人们压力过大的不良情况以及解决办法，从而强调乐趣对于我们的重要性。
36．考查介词。句意：你上次因为在秋千上荡得太高而吓破了胆，或者大笑到哭泣是什么时候？分析句子可知，swing是名词意为“秋千”，设空处想要表达在秋千上面，因此，需填介词与其搭配。故填on。
37．考查非谓语动词。句意：我们中的大部分人可能仍正从在困难时期形成的反社会习惯中恢复。分析句子可知，设空处用非谓语动词作后置定语，habits和form构成逻辑上的被动关系，所以此处要用该词的过去分词形式。故填formed。
38．考查时态。句意：到目前为止，一些我们无法控制的事情对我们的健康产生了很坏影响。分析句子可知，设空处需填动词作谓语，而且本句中的so far作为时间状语意为“截止到目前为止”，因此设空处需填现在完成时或现在完成进行时来与时间段搭配，表示该动作已经发生或强调对未来仍有影响。故填have had/have been having。
39．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们报告说有过头痛、抑郁、紧张和疲惫的经历。分析句子可知，本句中reported为动词，因此设空处需用动名词作宾语。故填experiencing。
40．考查名词。句意：但是解决办法可能就在藏在众目睽睽之下。分析句子可知，本句话中缺少主语，因此设空处需填名词，而solution意为“解决办法”，是可数名词，所以此处要用其复数形式。故填solutions。
41．考查非谓语动词。句意：最近的两本书表明，为你的生活腾出更多空间去寻乐可以通过上网去抵消压力和逃避压力的倾向。分析句子可知，设空处需填非谓语动词，而且the tendency to do意为“做某事的倾向”，是固定搭配。故填to escape。
42．考查冠词。句意：在Rucker的观念看来，幸福是一种精神状态。分析句子可知，state是以辅音音素开头的名词，意为“状态”，而且此处表泛指，因此设空处需填不定冠词。故填a。
43．考查代词。句意：但快乐是我们可以为我们自身所做的事情。分析句子可知，设空处与主语指代相同，所以用反身代词。故填ourselves。
44．考查副词。句意：实际上，我们忽略了快乐的重要性。分析句子可知，句中并不缺少成分，且设空处的ignore为动词，意为“忽略”，修饰动词要用副词，因此设空处需填副词作状语。故填actually。
45．考查宾语从句。句意：我们对于如何利用周围的事来使我们开心十分随意和粗心，但是这对我们的幸福和健康都很重要。分析句子可知，设空处需填引导词来引导宾语从句，从句缺少方式状语，需要用连接副词how引导。故填how。
46．                                                                                 A Series of Lectures on the 24 Solar Terms
To make lovers of Chinese traditional culture have a deep understanding of the 24 solar terms, the English corner in our school hosted a series of lectures last month.
English teachers in our school gave eight splendid lectures from 4:00 pm to 5:00 pm every Thursday and Friday. The lectures covered a fund of knowledge, including their historical origins, climate changes and farming activities during each solar term and customs in different provinces.
Students thought highly of the lectures, from which they learned a lot. They realized Chinese traditional culture was attractive. They wish there will be more lectures about it.
【导语】本文是应用文。要求考生写一篇关于学校举办的为期一个月的关于二十四节气的系列讲座的报道。
【详解】1.词汇积累
深刻理解：have a deep understanding of→understand...deeply
举办：host→conduct
不同的：different→diverse
意识到：realize (that)→be aware that
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：To make lovers of Chinese traditional culture have a deep understanding of the 24 solar terms, the English corner in our school hosted a series of lectures last month.
拓展句：The English corner in our school hosted a series of lectures last month, whose aim is to make lovers of Chinese traditional culture have a deep understanding of the 24 solar terms.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Students thought highly of the lectures, from which they learned a lot. (由介词+which引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】They realized Chinese traditional culture was attractive. (由省略连词that引导的宾语从句)
47． . She felt grateful and wrote her friend’s name and telephone number on a scrap of cardboard. Then she hugged us, and we wished each other a merry Christmas. On Christmas morning, I called Star’s friend, and a man answered the phone. I told him who I was and that I had a message for him from Star. His voice cracked with emotion as he thanked me for calling. He was relieved to hear Star was safe in the shelter.
A few months later, when I was walking to the bakery, I saw a woman standing in the middle of the crosswalk. Her arms were stretched wide and a big smile was on her face. It was Star. She was standing between the cars and an old woman with a walking stick making her way very slowly across the road. As soon as the old woman had crossed the road safely, Star continued on her way. I smiled and went on walking to the bakery, thinking the homeless woman Star was doing her job. She realized her desire to help those in need.
【导语】本文以人物为中心展开，主要讲述作者在面包店兼职时，当地一家慈善机构原定来取剩下面包的人没有出现。于是作者不知道如何处理这些食物，随后作者打电话向妈妈寻求建议，妈妈建议他把面包送给市里刚刚设立的一家收容所。妈妈开车载着作者去收容所送面包，当他们到了收容所时，遇到了一个女人，她想给一个朋友打电话告诉她自己很好，但她打不起长途电话。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我告诉星星，我很乐意把她的信息传给她的朋友。”可知，第一段可描写作者是如何帮助星星把信息传给她的朋友的。
②由第二段首句内容“几个月后，当我走向面包店时，我看到一个女人站在人行横道中央。”可知，第二段可描写星星实现了她要帮助他人的梦想。
2.续写线索：感激——联系——感谢——放心——目睹——实现梦想
3.词汇激活
行为类
①打电话：call/ring
②回电话：answer/respond
③意识到：realize/be aware of
情绪类
①感激的：grateful/thankful
②释然：relieved/feel at ease
【点睛】【高分句型1】His voice cracked with emotion as he thanked me for calling.（由as引导的时间状语从句）
【高分句型2】He was relieved to hear Star was safe in the shelter.（由省略连词that引导的宾语从句）