精品解析：吉林省辽源市等2地2022-2023学年高二上学期期末英语试题（含听力）

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友好学校第七十四届期末联考
高二英语
第I卷
第一部分 听力理解 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。 每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Why is the girl worried?
A. She didn’t clean her floor.
B. There ‘re too many books to read.
C. The room is too crowded to keep clean.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: Important guests from abroad are coming tomorrow. Have you gotten everything cleaned up?
W: No, we still have to put all our books away. With six people in a room, it’s hard to keep everything in order. I’m a little worried.
M: Well, we’re finished with everything but the floor.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where have the speakers probably just been?
A At a class party. B. At a grocery store. C. In a furniture store.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: It sure does take a lot of food to hold a class party. Do you have the key? I can’t unlock the door because I’m carrying all these bags.
W: Sorry. I left mine at home.
M: Here, hold these. and I’ll get the door open for us.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Why haven’t the speakers taken a vacation these years?
A. Their children were too young.
B. They haven’t found cheap flights.
C. They’ve been busy with their work.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: We need a vacation, The kids are old enough now.
M: You’re so right. We haven’t traveled anywhere in the last six or seven years. and the kids will enjoy a change of scenery, I’m sure.
W: I’ll check out flights. There should be some cheap deals out there.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is the man buying?
A. A chair. B. A bookcase. C. A ladder.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: What are you buying? Don’t you already have a ladder at home?
M: I do, but this is special. See? It can bend. You can fold it and make it into a chair. And if it’s open, it becomes a bookcase.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. How to deal with stress. B. Where to apply for jobs. C. When to go shopping.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: I’m going out to apply for jobs today. Do you want to come with me? It might be less stressful.
W: Sure. We should go to the mall. There are many jobs there you can apply for. We can also go shopping afterwards.
第二节(共15小题; 每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟; 听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

6. What do the speakers see up ahead on the road?
A. There is construction going on.
B. There is a long line at the traffic light.
C. Some policemen are dealing with something.
7. What are the speakers going to do next?
A. Take another route. B. Turn on the radio. C. Call the woman’s mother.
【答案】6. C 7. B
【解析】
【原文】W: What’s going on? I see flashing lights up ahead. It must be an accident of some kind, because I see some policemen on the road.
M: You know this part of the road has always been dangerous. There’s an accident at least once a year. I wonder when they’re finally going to put in a traffic light.
W: It certainly doesn’t help because this road is so dark. You can hardly see.
M: Do you think we should turn around and go the long way round? It might be faster.
W: Let’s turn on the traffic report first and listen to what they say before we do anything. Maybe it’s just a construction crew.
M: Well. I’m not calling your mother to tell her we’ll be late.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

8. Where are the speakers now?
A. At a lake. B. At a pool. C. On a plane.
9. What does the man tell Molly?
A. She should pay more attention.
B. She should talk to her mother.
C. She is very responsible.
【答案】8. B 9. A
【解析】
【原文】M: I guess you didn’t see the sign, Molly. You’re not supposed to dive.
W: I didn’t see it, but I’ll probably have to dive in, anyway. How else am I supposed to get into the pool?
M: You could dive in at the deep end, but it’s dangerous over here where the water is shallow.
W: OK. I’ll start paying attention to the signs more.
M: You’re not in elementary school anymore, sweetie. I expect you to be a bit more responsible. I should n’ t have to remind you about safety rules.
W: I know. I love you, Dad!
M: I love you, too. Now, not a word to your mother about our skydiving trip tomorrow! You got that?
W: We’re going to jump out of a plane? Oh, my Gosh!
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

10. Why does the man like his math teacher?
A. He’s cool.
B. He helped the man to get an “A”.
C. His teaching style is easy to understand.
11. How does the woman feel about her teachers this year?
A. Stressed. B. Satisfied. C. Disappointed.
12. Who will teach the woman science in the new year?
A. Mrs. Crowley. B. Mr. Bagwell. C. Mr. Brown
【答案】10. C 11. B 12. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Mr. Falken has really helped make math easier for me. He helps me to grasp certain concepts. and he is always willing to help me after class.
W: Yeah. I had him last year.I made the jump from a“B”to an“A”
M: How are your teachers this year?
W: They are all right.I guess. At least I didn’t get Mrs.Crowley
M: She’s the social studies teacherright? Yeah,she assigns a lot of homework. But she’s really nice.
W: For science I got Mr. Bagwell. He’s leaving after Christmas, though, so the new teacher Mr.Brown is going to be taking over. He’s cool.
M: I guess someone is going to have to fill his spot when he makes the switch.
W: Yup, And I’m torn between what languages to study.There are so many to choose from, and I want to pick the easiest one.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

13. What is Andrea’s mother doing right now?
A. Having a meal. B. Taking a walk. C. Playing cards.
14. What effect will the medicine have on Andrea’s mother?
A. It will reduce the pain in her back.
B. It will make her blood pressure stable.
C. It will lower her blood sugar level.
15. What happened to Andrea’s mother?
A. She had a heart attack.
B. She was in bad spirits.
C. She was suffering the pain in her leg.
16. What does Andrea ask about at last?
A. What causes dry mouth.
B. When her mother can go home.
C. When her mother can go skydiving.
【答案】13. A 14. B 15. A 16. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Welcome back, Andrea. How is your mother doing today?
W: She seems to be in good spirits, I took her for a walk outside in the garden, and we played some cards. She is eating now.
M: Yes. and she is reacting well to the medicine we are giving her. It should bring her blood pressure back to a normal level. Now we are controlling her blood sugar level, as it tends to be high after a heart attack.
W: She is complaining of pain in her back and neck. Is that normal?
M: Completely. She will have some discomfort for the next little while. In fact, it is time for her medicine.
W: Should she eat again? She says that she is suffering from dry mouth and hunger.
M: She shouldn’t eat too much. We don’t want to put too much stress on her heart.
W: When do you think she can go home?
M: Recovery from these types of things takes a while She should be healthy by next month.
W: Well, she won’t be skydiving any time soon.
M: Ha-ha, you’re funny. Yes, I would strongly advise against that.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

17. Where was Giorgio Armani born?
A. In Italy. B. In the United States. C. In England.
18. Who persuaded Armani to start his own design shop?
A. His brother Sergio. B. A teacher in Verona. C. A friend in Milan.
19. What did Armani do in 1979?
A. He created some perfumes.
B. He worked in a military hospital.
C. He started selling clothes in America.
20. What did Armani design?
A. English sports clothing.
B. University team uniforms.
C. Italian uniforms for the World Cup.
【答案】17. A 18. C 19. C 20. A
【解析】
【原文】Today, we’re talking about Giorgio Armani. At present. we recognize him as one of the world’s most famous fashion designers, but he was not always interested in this field. He was born in Italy in 1934, where he was raised with his brother Sergio and his sister Rosanna. In high school, he was inspired to become a doctor, which led him to apply to the Department of Medicine at the University of Milan. He studied there for three years before deciding to join the army, where he was assigned to the military hospital in Verona. He returned home to work at a men’s department store in Milan, and he became familiar with the marketing and designing aspects in clothing. A friend there convinced him to open up his own design shop in 1973. Two years later, they had a clothing line under the name Giorgio Armani. He soon began designing women’s clothing. In 1979, he began producing clothing for the United States market. In the early 1980s, he was persuaded to create perfumes for L’Oreal. He also designed the uniforms for the Chelsea Football Club in England, as well as the Italian uniforms for the 2012 Olympics.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项
A
Books are the quietest and most constant of friends; they are the most accessible and wisest of counselors; and the most patient of teachers.
Four Most Popular Books
Emily’s House
by Amy Belding Brown
Margaret Maher works as the servant in the family home of poet Emily Dickinson, cleaning, cooking, and defending her hostess from prying (窥探) eyes. Margaret’s special voice brings this novel to life; it’s a viewpoint full of honesty, humor, and clever observations.
All In
by Billie Jean King
The tennis champion writes about her life with self-awareness, while not underplaying her role as a trailblazer (先驱) for women’s rights. She isn’t satisfied with her younger self for feeling a need to hide her sexual identity to safeguard her career, and touches on the damage that secret caused.
Pastoral Song
by James Rebanks
English sheep farmer and writer James Rebanks offers a sustainable method for raising animals, preserving habitat, caring for the environment, and helping small farmers all at the same time.
Agatha of Little Neon
by Claire Luchette
This is a novel about desire and sisterhood, figuring out how you fit in (or don’t), and the unexpected friends who help you find your truest self. Agatha is one of four young nuns (修女), who tend to the residents of Little Neon, a house in Rhode Island. She has lived every day of the last nine years with her sisters: they work together, laugh together and pray together. Their world is contained within the little house they share. The four of them are devoted to Mother Roberta and to their quiet, purposeful life.
21. Who wrote the book telling the story of Emily’s House?
A. Amy Belding Brown. B. Billie Jean King.
C. James Rebanks. D. Claire Luchette.
22. Who will probably be interested in the book Pastoral Song?
A. Those who support women’s rights.
B. Those who love poetry.
C. Those who are fond of raising animals.
D. Those who like playing tennis.
23. Which book refers to desire and sisterhood?
A. Emily’s House. B. All In.
C. Pastoral Song. D. Agatha of Little Neon.
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。主要介绍了受欢迎的四本书。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据小标题Emily’s House下的段落中“by Amy Belding Brown(艾米·贝尔丁·布朗著)”可知，是Amy Belding Brown写了Emily’s House这本书。故选A项。
【22题详解】
推理判断题。根据Pastoral Song下的段落中“English sheep farmer and writer James Rebanks offers a sustainable method for raising animals, preserving habitat, caring for the environment, and helping small farmers all at the same time.(英国牧羊农民兼作家詹姆斯·雷班克斯(James Rebanks)提供了一种可持续的方法，可以同时饲养动物、保护栖息地、保护环境和帮助小农户)”可知，Pastoral Song这本书主要提供了一种可持续的方法，可以同时饲养动物、保护栖息地、保护环境和帮助小农户，可推知，喜欢饲养动物的人会对Pastoral Song这本书感兴趣。故选C项。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据Agatha of Little Neon下的段落中“This is a novel about desire and sisterhood, figuring out how you fit in (or don’t), and the unexpected friends who help you find your truest self. (这是一本关于欲望和姐妹情谊的小说，讲述你如何融入(或不融入)，以及那些帮助你找到最真实自我的意想不到的朋友)”可知，Agatha of Little Neon这本书提到了欲望和姐妹情。故选D项。
B
When I was an eight-year-old girl, Mother told me to put my coat on because we were going to go somewhere special. Usually, that meant we were going to see someone important or that I would at least get a new toy. I asked which one it would be that day, and she told me that I would be getting something better than a toy. She said I would get “access to a world of toys”．
But we did not end up at any toy store. Nor did we finally see anyone we knew. Instead, Mother pulled her car at Marcy Public Library. Mother led me directly to the reception desk. “I’d like to get my daughter a library card,” she told the man behind the desk. He asked her to fill out a form and smiled at me. “What kind of books do you like?” he asked. I was too shy to reply then. I simply smiled back and shrugged my shoulders. “Well, you’ll figure it out in time” he said.
I do not remember what I checked out that first day, but I know that in the years that followed I read everything I could find of interest at that old library. I read through all the Nancy Drew books before advancing to Judy Blume, then the classics: Charles Dickens, Mark Twain, Shakespeare. Then I read books on history, books of poetry, and books about art. The library opened up a world that I never knew existed.
So Mother was right. Getting a library card was like getting access to a world of toys.
24. Why did the author’s mother ask her to put on the coat?
A. To eat delicious food. B. To go to someplace special.
C. To swim. D. To meet important people.
25. Where did the author’s mother park her car?
A. at Marcy Public Library. B. at any toy store.
C. at that old library. D. Judy Blume.
26. Which is right according to the passage?
A. The author is outgoing and active. B. The author is shy when asked.
C. The author only read books on history. D. Her mother was unwilling to let her read.
27. What’s the title of the passage?
A. Getting a library card. B. Making a lot of money.
C. Getting a car. D. Getting a good book.
【答案】24. B 25. A 26. B 27. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的母亲有一天带作者去了图书馆，办了借书证，从此作者就爱上了阅读，在知识的海洋里遨游，明白了书和知识的重要性。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“When I was an eight-year-old girl, Mother told me to put my coat on because we were going to go somewhere special.(当我还是个八岁的小女孩时，妈妈让我穿上外套，因为我们要去一个特别的地方)”可知，作者的妈妈要她穿上外套是为了去一个特别的地方。故选B。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Instead, Mother pulled her car at Marcy Public Library.(相反，母亲把车停在了马西公共图书馆)”可知，作者的母亲把车停在马西公共图书馆。故选A。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“I was too shy to reply then. I simply smiled back and shrugged my shoulders.(我当时不好意思回答。我只是报以微笑，耸耸肩)”可知，作者被问到时很害羞。故选B。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Getting a library card was like getting access to a world of toys.(拿到借书证就像进入了一个玩具世界)”结合文章讲述了作者的母亲有一天带作者去了图书馆，办了借书证，从此作者就爱上了阅读，在知识的海洋里遨游，明白了书和知识的重要性。可知，A选项“办借书证”最适合作为文章标题。故选A。
C
Most heroes are not super. They don’t appear in comic books, on television, or in movies. They just do what they believe needs to be done to make their world a better place. Bike Batman is one of them. Bike Batman is a 30-year-old married engineer who lives in Seattle, Washington. He’s a cyclist who also buys and sells bikes as a hobby.
About three years ago, he was looking for a bike for his wife. He found one on Craigslist, a website where people list things they want to sell. As he often does, he also looked at Bike Index, a popular website that allows users to register their bikes and post reports when they’re taken. The bike, which he was considering purchasing, clearly matched one reported stolen on Bike Index. Then he called the person who claimed to be the bike’s owner and arranged to meet him --- supposedly to complete the sale.
When the two men met, Bike Batman told the thief, “you’ve got two options. You can wait until a police officer gets here, or you can just get out of here.” You can imagine what the thief did.
After that first success, Bike Batman developed a safer routine. When he sees questionable bike ads on Craigslist, he cross-references the image with bikes reported on Bike Index. Once he has confirmed it with the owner, he arranges a meet-up with the thief and will call the Seattle police department so that officers can participate in the action. In more than half of the 22 cases in which he has got back and returned the bikes, the thieves have been arrested. In one case, Bike Batman even helped a family recover a wide range of prized possessions that suspects had stolen during a home burglary.
His nickname came from a discussion with a police officer who suggested he be called Robin Hood. Since he wasn’t exactly stealing from the rich and giving to the poor, “Batman” seemed a better fit. The idea of a superhero punishing criminals feels pretty silly to him, but the main reason he continues his work is to keep up Seattle’s reputation as a friendly city.
28. Who is Bike Batman?
A. He is a superhero B. He is a website manager.
C. He is a Seattle citizen. D. He is a police officer.
29. When Bike Batman discovers a questionable bike, he will first_______
A. arrange to meet the thief.
B. contact the owner of the stolen bike.
C. look up the bike’s information.
D. call the police department.
30. Bike Batman helps find the lost bikes to _______
A. build a friendly city. B. help poor people.
C. punish bike thieves. D. become famous.
31. From the passage, we can learn that
A. Bike Batman felt relieved to see the thieves arrested.
B. the police failed to perform their duties.
C. Bick Batman began his good deeds by accident.
D. the thieves refused to return the bikes.
【答案】28. C 29. C 30. A 31. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是西雅图的一名市民Bike Batman帮助寻找丢失的自行车的事迹。他的善行是偶然开始的，他的行为是为了建立一个友好的城市。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段倒数第二句“Bike Batman is a 30-year-old married engineer who lives in Seattle, Washington.( Bike Batman是一个30岁的已婚工程师，住在华盛顿州的西雅图)”可知，Bike Batman是西雅图的一名市民。故选C。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“When he sees questionable bike ads on Craigslist, he cross-references the image with bikes reported on Bike Index.(当他在Craigslist网站上看到有问题的自行车广告时，他会把图片和Bike Index网站上登记的自行车相互对照)”可知，当Bike Batman发现有问题的自行车时，他会先在Bike Index网站上查找自行车的信息。故选C。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一句“The idea of a superhero punishing criminals feels pretty silly to him, but the main reason he continues his work is to keep up Seattle’s fame as a friendly city.(他觉得一个超级英雄惩治罪犯的想法有点愚蠢，但他继续工作的主要原因是保持西雅图作为友好城市的声誉。)”可知，Bike Batman帮助寻找丢失的自行车是为了建立一个友好的城市。故选A。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二、三段内容可知，大约三年前，Bike Batman在为妻子找一辆自行车，他在 Craigslist 网站上找到了一辆，他还查看了 Bike Index网站，发现他正在考虑购买的自行车显然是一辆被盗的自行车，后来联系小偷归还了自行车，由此可知，他是偶然发现这样可以帮助找回被盗的自行车，所以Bike Batman的善行是偶然开始的。故选C。
D
You can’t always predict a heavy rain or remember your umbrella. But designer Mikhail Belvaev doesn’t think that forgetting to check the weather forecast before heading out should result in you getting wet. That’s why he created Lampbrella, a lamp post with its own rain-sensing umbrella.
The designer says he came up with the idea after watching people get wet on streets in Russia. “Once, I was driving on a central Saint Petersburg street and saw the street lamps lighting up people trying to hide from the rain. I thought it would be appropriate to have a canopy(伞篷) built into a street lamp.” he said.
The Lampbrella is a standard-looking streetlamp fitted with an umbrella canopy. It has a built-in electric motor which can open or close the umbrella on demand. Sensors(传感器) then ensure that the umbrella offers pedestrians shelter whenever it starts raining.
In addition to the rain sensor, there’s also a 360° motion sensor on the fiberglass streetlamp which detects whether anyone is using the Lampbrella. After three minutes of not being used the canopy is closed.
According to the designer, the Lampbrella would move at a relatively low speed, so as not to cause harm to the pedestrians(行人). Besides, it would be grounded to protect from possible lightning strike. Each Lampbrella would offer enough shelter for several people. Being installed(安装) at 2 meters off the ground, it would only be a danger for the tallest of pedestrians.
While there are no plans to take the Lampbrella into production, Belvaev says he recently introduced his creation to one Moscow Department, and insists his creation could be installed on any street where a lot of people walk but there are no canopies to provide shelter.
32. Which of the following shows how the Lampbrella works?
A. motor →canopy →sensors.
B. motor →sensors →canopy.
C. canopy →motor →sensors.
D. sensors →motor →canopy.
33. Why did Mikhail Belvaev create Lampbrella?
A. To protect people from the rain.
B. To predict a heavy rain.
C. A lamp post with its own rain- sensing umbrella.
D. After three minutes of not being used the canopy is closed.
34. What does Paragraph 5 mainly tell us about the Lampbrella?
A. Its installation. B. Its moving speed. C. Its safety. D. Its appearance.
35. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A. The designer will open a company to promote his product.
B The designer is confident that his creation is practical.
C. The Lampbrella could be put into immediate production.
D. The Lampbrella would be put on show in Moscow.
【答案】32. D 33. A 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了Mikhail Belyaev发明的一种路灯，可以让人们即使在下雨天没带雨衣或者雨伞，也不必害怕被淋湿。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“The Lampbrella is a standard-looking streetlamp fitted with an umbrella canopy. It has a built-in electric motor which can open or close the umbrella on demand. Sensors(传感器) then ensure that the umbrella offers pedestrians shelter whenever it starts raining.(‘伞灯’是一种外形标准的路灯，上面装有伞罩。它有一个内置的电动马达，可以根据需要打开或关闭雨伞。传感器会确保雨伞在开始下雨时为行人提供庇护)”可知，电动马达控制伞篷，而电动马达的运动是受传感器的控制，故三者的排列关系是传感器→马达→伞篷。故选D。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“‘Once, I was driving on a central Saint Petersburg street and saw the street lamps lighting up people trying to hide from the rain. I thought it would be appropriate to have a canopy(伞篷) built into a street lamp.’ he said.(‘有一次，我开车行驶在圣彼得堡市中心的街道上，看到路灯照亮了试图躲避雨水的人们。我觉得在路灯里装一个伞篷会很合适。’他说)”可知，Mikhail Belyaev发明雨水感应式路灯伞是为了下雨时让行人避雨。故选A。
【34题详解】
段落大意题。根据第五段内容，结合“so as not to cause harm to the pedestrians(行人). Besides, it would be grounded to protect from possible lightning strike.(这样就不会对行人造成伤害。此外，它将被接地以防止可能的雷击)”及“Being installed(安装) at 2 meters off the ground, it would only be a danger for the tallest of pedestrians.(安装在距离地面2米的地方，它只会对最高的行人造成危险)”可知，本段主要描述了这种伞的安全性。故选C。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“…and insists his creation could be installed on any street where a lot of people walk but there are no canopies to provide shelter.(……坚持认为，他的发明可以安装在任何行人多但没有遮蔽处的街道上)”可知，设计者认为他的发明可以安装在行人多但无遮挡的街道上，由此可知设计者对自己的发明充满信心，认为它很实用。故选B。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Do you want to get home from work knowing you have made a real difference in someone’s life?
_____36_____
Position: Volunteer Social Care Assistant (No Pay with Free Meals)
Place: Manchester
Hours: ____37____
We are now looking for volunteers to support people with learning disabilities to live active lives! Only 4 days left. ____38____
Role:
You will provide people with learning disabilities with all aspects of their daily lives. You will help them to develop new skills. You will help them to protect their rights and their safety. But your most important concern is to let them know they are valued.
_____39_____
You will have the right values and great listening skills. You will be honest and patient. You will have the ability to drive a car and to communicate in fluent written and spoken English since you’ll have to help those people with different learning disabilities. ____40____
A. Skills and Experience Required:
B. Part Time.
C. If yes, don’t care about sex or age! Come and join us, and you’ll make it!
D. Previous care-related experience will be a great advantage for you.
E. I like reading.
F. Don’t miss the chance of lending your warm hands to help others!
G. You have the right.
【答案】36. C 37. B 38. F 39. A 40. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。本文介绍了志愿者招募的相关信息，包括工作时间、要求、地点等内容。
【36题详解】
前文提到“Do you want to get home from work knowing you have made a real difference in someone’s life?”（你知道在你下班回家路上的时间就可以影响别人的生活吗？）文章以问句引起读者兴趣，同时后文介绍了志愿者工作的工作时间、地点及相关要求等，由此判断针对这个问题应该采取肯定回答。C项“If yes, don’t care about sex or age! Come and join us, and you’ll make it!”（如果是的话，不要在意性别和年龄!来加入我们吧，你会成功的!）C项符合文意，起到承上启下的作用。故选C。
【37题详解】
前文提到“Hours:”（工作时间：）由此判断，该部分介绍工作时间。B项“Part Time”（业余时间）B项符合文意。故选B。
【38题详解】
前文提到“We are now looking for volunteers to support people with learning disabilities to live active lives! Only 4 days left. ”（我们现在正在寻找志愿者来支持有学习障碍的人过积极的生活!只剩下4天了。）由此判断，这个活动只剩下四天了，表明了招募志愿者工作的紧迫性和志愿者活动的珍贵性。F项“Don’t miss the chance of lending your warm hands to help others!”（不要错过伸出你温暖的手帮助别人的机会!）F项符合文意。故选F。
【39题详解】
后文提到“You will have the right values and great listening skills. You will be honest and patient. You will have the ability to drive a car and to communicate in fluent written and spoken English since you’ll have to help those people with different learning disabilities。”（你要有正确的价值观和良好的倾听能力。你要诚实而有耐心。你要有能力开车，并能流利地用英语进行书面和口头交流，因为你必须帮助那些有不同学习障碍的人。）由此判断，该段介绍了报名参加志愿者工作所需要的各项技能和经验。A项“Skills and Experience Required:”（技能和经验要求:）符合文意。故选A。
【40题详解】
前文提到“You will have the right values and great listening skills. You will be honest and patient. You will have the ability to drive a car and to communicate in fluent written and spoken English since you’ll have to help those people with different learning disabilities.”（你要有正确的价值观和良好的倾听能力。你要诚实而有耐心。你要有能力开车，并能流利地用英语进行书面和口头交流，因为你必须帮助那些有不同学习障碍的人。）且结合该段的小标题“Skills and Experience Required:”（技能和经验要求:）可知，志愿者工作也会优先考虑经验人士。D项“Previous care-related experience will be a great advantage for you.”（有护理相关工作经验者优先考虑。）D项符合文意。故选D。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题; 每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A world of pure thought
Stephen Hawking was one of the most famous and gifted ____41____ in physics. Most people are familiar with images of him ____42____ his wheelchair, unable to move and using a computer to talk. Since he came down with a disease which caused him to____43____ the use of most of his muscles, his world became one of abstract thought.
Hawking first achieved fame when he was still healthy enough to walk, _____44_____ a graduate student in physics at Cambridge University in 1964. In general, there were two main ____45____on the origin of the universe. The first was the steady state theory, _____46_____holds that the universe has no beginning or end. The other was the big bang theory, which holds that the universe began at a single point in time and ____47____. The biggest champion of the steady state concept was Fred Hoyle, a professor at Cambridge. During the question and answer period ____48____ one of Hoyle’s lectures, Hawking stood up and ____49____that Hoyle had made a mistake in his ____50____. Once the maths was corrected, it showed that the big bang theory — and not the steady state theory — was _____51_____. Hawking’s own work on the big bang theory was soon proven by astronomers with telescopes.
A star was born. So, what made Stephen Hawking a genius? ____52____being brilliant, he was brave, though sometimes careless in what he said or did. He was ____53____to say what others were afraid to say, and to dream of what others were afraid to dream about. ____54____, he was quite determined. This had helped him as a scientist, and had helped him even more in his fight ____55____ his disease. Above all, Hawking was willing to admit his faults. This odd combination of characteristics had made him one of the greatest thinkers of the 20th and 21st centuries.
41. A. scientists B. teachers C. singers D. dancers
42. A. from B. in C. at D. on
43. A. losing B. lost C. to lose D. lose
44. A. as B. with C. at D. on
45. A. reasons B. wonders C. causes D. theories
46. A. where B. who C. that D. which
47. A. moment B. hours C. space D. place
48. A. while B. after C. before D. as
49. A. pointed out B. came out C. set off D. took out
50. A. maths B. chemistry C. Chinese D. English
51. A. wrong B. fine C. ok D. true
52. A. Except that B. Except C. Apart D. Besides
53. A. good B. willing C. nice D. well
54. A. But B. Yet C. However D. Furthermore
55. A. against B. for C. at D. by
【答案】41. A 42. B 43. D 44. A 45. D 46. D 47. C 48. B 49. A 50. A 51. D 52. D 53. B 54. D 55. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了物理学界伟大的科学家斯蒂芬·霍金的故事。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：斯蒂芬·霍金是物理学界最著名、最有天赋的科学家之一。A. scientists科学家；B. teachers教师；C. singers歌手；D. dancers舞蹈演员。根据下文“This had helped him as a scientist,”可知，斯蒂芬·霍金是科学家。故选A。
【42题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：大多数人都熟悉他坐在轮椅上，无法移动，用电脑说话的画面。A. from从……起；B. in在……中；C. at在……时；D. on在……上。根据下文“his wheelchair, unable to move and using a computer to talk.”可知，此处表示霍金无法移动，坐在轮椅上，in one’s wheelchair表示“坐在轮椅上”。故选B。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：自从他得了一种疾病，导致他失去了大部分肌肉的功能，他的世界就变成了一个抽象的思想世界。A. losing失去；B. lost丢失；C. to lose失去；D. lose失去。cause sb. to do sth.为固定搭配，表示“导致某人做某事”，空前有不定式符号，所以空处应用动词原形。故选D。
【44题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：1964年，作为剑桥大学物理专业的研究生，身体还足够健康可以走路，霍金第一次成名。A. as作为；B. with和；C. at在……时；D. on在……上。根据下文“a graduate student in physics at Cambridge University in 1964”可知，此处表示作为剑桥大学的物理研究生。故选A。
【45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：总的来说，关于宇宙起源有两种主要的理论。A. reasons原因；B. wonders奇迹；C. causes原因；D. theories理论。根据下文“The first was the steady state theory,”可知，此处表示关于宇宙起源有两种主要理论。故选D。
【46题详解】
考查关系词辨析。句意：第一种是稳态理论，它认为宇宙没有开始或结束。A. where哪里；B. who谁；C. that那；D. which哪一个。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是the steady state theory，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故选D。
【47题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：另一种是大爆炸理论，认为宇宙起源于时间和空间的某一点。A. moment时刻；B. hours小时；C. space空间；D. place位置。根据上文“The other was the big bang theory, which holds that the universe began at a single point in time and”以及常识可知，大爆炸理论认为宇宙起源于时间和空间的某一点。故选C。
【48题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：在霍伊尔一次演讲后的问答环节，霍金站了起来，指出霍伊尔在数学上犯了一个错误。A. while直至（某时）；B. after在……之后；C. before在……之前；D. as如同。根据上文“During the question and answer period”以及常识可知，问答环节在演讲之后。故选B。
【49题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：在霍伊尔一次演讲后的问答环节，霍金站了起来，指出霍伊尔在数学上犯了一个错误。A. pointed out指出；B. came out出版；C. set off出发；D. took out取出。根据下文“that Hoyle had made a mistake in his ____10____. ”可知，此处表示霍金指出霍伊尔犯了一个错误。故选A。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在霍伊尔一次演讲后的问答环节，霍金站了起来，指出霍伊尔在数学上犯了一个错误。A. maths数学；B. chemistry化学；C. Chinese中文；D. English英语。根据下文“Once the maths was corrected,”可知，霍金指出霍伊尔在数学上犯了一个错误。故选A。
【51题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一旦数学得到修正，就证明了大爆炸理论——而不是稳态理论——是正确的。A. wrong错误的；B. fine好的；C. ok可以的；D. true正确的。根据下文“Hawking’s own work on the big bang theory was soon proven by astronomers with telescopes.”可推知，此处表示数学被修正的话，可以表明大爆炸理论是正确的。故选D。
【52题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：除了很聪颖之外，他很勇敢，尽管有时说话或做事很粗心。A. Except that除了；B. Except除……之外；C. Apart分开地；D. Besides除……之外（还）。根据下文“being brilliant, he was brave,”可知，此处表示除了聪颖之外，霍金还很勇敢，except that后应接从句，except后面的宾语是不被包含的对象，apart应与介词from搭配，表示“除了”，besides表示“除……之外（还）”，符合题意。故选D。
【53题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他愿意说出别人害怕说的话，也愿意梦想别人害怕梦想的事。A. good好的；B. willing愿意的；C. nice美好的；D. well良好的。根据下文“to say what others were afraid to say, and to dream of what others were afraid to dream about.”可知，此处表示霍金愿意说别人害怕说的，be willing to do sth.表示“愿意做某事”。故选B。
【54题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：此外，他非常坚定。A. But只有；B. Yet仍然；C. However然而；D. Furthermore此外。根据上文“He was ____13____to say what others were afraid to say, and to dream of what others were afraid to dream about.”以及下文“he was quite determined.”可知，霍金愿意说别人害怕说的，愿意梦想别人害怕梦想的，除此之外，霍金还非常坚定。故选D。
【55题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：这帮助了他成为一名科学家，并在他与疾病的斗争甚至帮助更多。A. against反对；B. for因为；C. at在……时；D. by通过。根据下文“his disease”可知，此处表示霍金与疾病作斗争，fight against表示“与……作斗争”。故选A。
第II卷
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Tu Youyou, _____56_____ committed and patient scientist, _____57_____(work) at the China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Beijing. In 1967, she was chosen by the government ______58______(join) a team of scientists with the aim of discovering a new _____59_____(treat) for malaria. Her team examined over 2,000 old medical texts, and_____60_____ (evaluate) 280,000 plants for their medical properties. From their research, they discovered and tested 380 ancient Chinese medical treatments that showed promise in the fight _____61_____malaria. After a lot of _____62_____(fail), in 1971, Tu Youyou and her team members succeeded by using a lower temperature to draw _____63_____the extract. _____64_____ hearing that she had been _____65_____(award) the Noble Prize, she said the honor belongs to the team.
【答案】56. a 57. worked
58. to join
59. treatment
60. evaluated
61. against
62. failures
63. out 64. On##Upon##When
65. awarded
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了科学家屠呦呦的生平事迹。
【56题详解】
考查冠词。句意：屠呦呦，一位坚定而耐心的科学家，曾在北京的中国中医研究院工作。scientist“科学家”是可数名词，此处为泛指，应用不定冠词修饰，committed的发音是辅音音素开头，故填a。
【57题详解】
考查时态。句意同上。空处为句子谓语动词，陈述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填worked。
【58题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：1967年，她被政府选中加入了一个旨在发现治疗疟疾新方法的科学家团队。“选择某人做某事”用choose sb. to do sth.，此处为其被动结构be chosen to do sth.。故填to join。
【59题详解】
考查名词。句意同上。空处应填名词treatment“治疗方法”作宾语，冠词a提示用其单数形式。故填treatment。
【60题详解】
考查时态。句意：他们的团队研究了2000多份古老的医学文献，并评估了28万种植物的药用特性。空处和上文examined是并列的谓语动词，故也用一般过去时。故填evaluated。
【61题详解】
考查介词。句意：在他们的研究中，他们发现并测试了380种中国古代疗法，这些疗法在对抗疟疾方面表现出了希望。结合句意表示“对抗……”用fight against。故填against。
【62题详解】
考查名词。句意：在多次失败后，1971年，屠呦呦和她的团队成员成功地用较低的温度提取出了提取物。空处应填名词作宾语，failure作“未做到的事情”讲时是可数名词，被a lot of修饰应用其复数形式。故填failures。
【63题详解】
考查固定短语。句意同上。结合句意表达“取出”用draw out。故填out。
【64题详解】
考查介词或连词。句意：一听说自己被授予诺贝尔奖，她就说这项荣誉属于她的团队。on/upon doing“一……就……”是固定用法，此时动名词hearing作宾语；此处也可用when和现在分词hearing构成时间状语，表示“一……就……”，hearing和逻辑主语she之间为主动关系。故填On/Upon/When。
【65题详解】
考查语态。句意同上。空处应填award的某种形式和had been构成从句谓语动词，主语she和award之间是被动关系，且动作发生在主句谓语动词said之前，故应用过去完成时的被动语态。故填awarded。
第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
66. 假设你是李华，Brown是你的笔友，他计划寒假期间来青岛旅游。请你写一封邮件给他，内容包括：
1.表示欢迎；
2.推荐景点及出行方式；
3.你的祝愿。
注意:
1.词数80左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Brown,
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua.
【答案】Dear Brown,
I am very glad to know that you will visit Qingdao during the winter vacation.
Qingdao is a unique coastal resort city with pleasant climate and beautiful scenery of the mountain and sea. There are many historical and cultural scenic attractions, such as Laoshan Scenic Area, May Fourth Square and Zhanqiao Pier.You can fly to Jiaodong International Airport first and then take the subway or a taxi to your destinations. I believe Qingdao will make your trip worthwhile and enjoyable.
I hope you will have a good time.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给笔友Brown写邮件，欢迎他来青岛旅游，为他推荐景点及出行方式，并表达祝愿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：glad→pleased
景点：scenic attractions→scenic spots
令人愉快的：enjoyable→pleasant
玩得开心：have a good time→have fun
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：You can fly to Jiaodong International Airport first and then take the subway or a taxi to your destinations.
拓展句：You can fly to Jiaodong International Airport first, after which you can take the subway or a taxi to your destinations.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I am very glad to know that you will visit Qingdao during the winter vacation.（运用了that引导宾语从句）
【高分句型2】I believe Qingdao will make your trip worthwhile and enjoyable.（运用了省略that引导的宾语从句）
第二节 读后续写 (满分25分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When I graduated from the university, I devoted myself to teaching English in a small village school. One day, a lady called me and told me she was Simon’s mother. She said she wanted to call on me at a right time. Honestly speaking, I had been worried about myself. It made me feel a little fearful of seeing her because I was a new teacher and I gave an honest account of the students’ work. In Simon’s case, the grades were very low. He had never spent much time finishing his schoolwork carefully so that he couldn’t even read his own handwriting, not to mention listening to his teachers in class. But he was a bright student. He discussed adult subjects with nearly adult comprehension. His work in no way reflected his abilities.
So when Simon’s mother entered my office and appeared in front of me with a broad smile on her face, my palms(手心)were sweating. I was completely unprepared for her kisses on both my cheeks. “I came to thank you,” she said, which surprised me beyond speech. “Simon has become a different person. He talks of how he loves me, and he has begun to make friends, and for the first time in his twelve years, he has recently spent an afternoon at a friend’s house. I want to tell you how grateful I am. You have helped my son develop his self-respect,” she continued. Then she kissed me again and left.
I sat, feeling really shocked, for about half an hour, wondering what had just happened. How did I make such a life-changing difference to that boy without even knowing it? At the very moment, I just failed to find out a reasonable explanation for what I was going through.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A few days later, coming out from nowhere, a scene occurred to me and explained everything.
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From that day on, I noticed some changes in Simon.
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【答案】A few days later, coming out from nowhere, a scene occurred to me and explained everything. I finally came to remember that several months before Simon’s mother’s coming, when some students were giving reports in the front of the class, Jeanne spoke quietly, and to encourage her to raise her voice, I said, “Speak up. Simon is the expert on this. He is the only one you have to convince, and he can’t hear you in the back of the room.” That was it, but I saw a smile flash across Simon’s face.
From that day on, I noticed some changes in Simon. He sat up straighter, paid more attention, smiled more, and became happier, which was all because he happened to be the last kid in the last row. The boy who most needed praise was the one who took the last seat that day. This experience taught me the most valuable lesson over the years of my
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了“我”作为教师，不知不觉中影响学生，改变学生的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“几天后，不知从哪里冒出来一个场景，让我明白了一切。”可知，第一段可描写作者回忆起之前发生了什么导致西蒙的改变。
②由第二段首句内容“从那天起，我注意到西蒙的一些变化”可知，第二段可描写西蒙的比变化和他的变化给“我”带来的经验。
2.续写线索：
回忆——鼓励——变化——成功经验
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.说：speak/say/make a speech/whisper
②.提高：raise/enhance/improve
③.笑：smile/laugh
情绪类
①.高兴：happy/glad/pleased/delighted
【点睛】[高分句型1].He sat up straighter, paid more attention, smiled more, and became happier, which was all because he happened to be the last kid in the last row. （which引导非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型2].The boy who most needed praise was the one who took the last seat that day. （who引导的定语从句）