重庆市巴蜀中学2022-2023学年高三英语下学期2月月考试题（Word版附解析）

这是一份重庆市巴蜀中学2022-2023学年高三英语下学期2月月考试题（Word版附解析），共23页。

巴蜀中学2023届高考适应性月考卷(六)
英语
注意事项：
1．答题前，考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚。
2．每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。在试题卷上作答无效。
3．考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。满分150分，考试用时120分钟。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
注意，听力部分答题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What fruit salad will the woman probably make?
A. Apple. B. Banana. C. Grape.
2. Why is the woman upset?
A. She dislikes art. B. She has to do many tasks. C. She doesn’t like her teacher.
3. How much money will the man send to the woman?
A. $500. B. $850. C. $1,000.
4. What is the woman doing?
A. Giving advice. B. Making a travel plan. C. Organizing fun activities.
5. What are the speakers mainly discussing?
A. Housework. B. The weather. C. Weekend activities.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有2至4个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7题。
6 What is the woman going to do?
A. Take a taxi. B. Carry her luggage. C. Pick up her husband.
7. How soon will the woman’s train leave?
A. In 15 minutes. B. In 25 minutes. C. In 35 minutes.
听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9题。
8. What do we know about the woman?
A. She rarely goes to the cafeteria.
B. She likes to try something new.
C. She knows much about nutrition.
9. What does the man think of the cafeteria lady?
A. She is clever. B. She is generous. C. She is knowledgeable.
听下面一段对话、回答第10至第12题。
10. What relation is the woman to Mr. Smith?
A. His wife. B. His secretary. C. His boss.
11. What does the man ask the woman to do at the beginning?
A. Have lunch together. B. Take a message for him. C. Offer Mr. Smith’s mobile number.
12. What will the man do next?
A. Work at his desk. B. Wait for a phone call. C. Go to meet Mr. Smith.
听下面一段对话、回答第13至第16题。
13. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. The woman’s upcoming travel.
B. The man’s favorite city.
C. The man’s travel experience.
14. What is the weather like in the U. K. now?
A. Warm. B. Cold. C. Hot.
15. How long will the woman stay in Australia?
A. Four weeks. B. Three weeks. C. A week.
16. What does the man advise the woman to do in Sydney?
A. Watch the crowds passing by.
B. Go to cafes and restaurants.
C. Walk around the Rocks.
听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20题。
17. What can we learn from the talk?
A. Janet Gordon has written her own book.
B. Jessica Watson broke a record in 2010.
C. Jesse Martin lost fingers while climbing a mountain.
18. What led Jessica to make the attempt?
A. Her parents. B. A painting. C. A book.
19. When did Jordan climb Mount Qomolangma?
A. In 1993. B. In 1996. C. In 2010.
20. What is people’s attitude to Jordan’s climb up Mount Qomolangma?
A. Supportive. B. Opposed. C. Indifferent.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Today, it’s harder than ever to get into a selective college or university. Here’s what experts in college admissions advise when things don’t quite work out:
Don’t take rejection personally
“College admissions officers make business decisions based on what’s best for the college,” says Becky Sabky, an admissions counselor at Dartmouth. “These decisions are not personal. “ Most experts agree that record application numbers mean there’s simply no way for overwhelmed admissions offices to take the time students’ applications deserve.
Focus on your character, not just for admissions, but for life
lt’s the first question Hafeez Lakhani, founder of a college admissions prep and consulting firm, asks clients: “How are you doing in cultivating a fulfilling high school career?” There’s often confusion. Fulfilling to whom? Admissions officers? Parents? “Then you see their eyes open up because they realize they must be fulfilling to themselves first. Then others will notice,“ Lakhani says. You should spend some time figuring out your “character story” , as Lakhani calls it.
Consider taking a gap year
Admissions dean J. T. Duck says that time spent working, making music, traveling or volunteering “might help you get a better job someday”. Research has shown that gap-year students get in less trouble, are more likely to graduate on time, and have higher GPAs, which in turn can lead to stronger job opportunities.
Get excited about the options you do have
Jeffrey Selingo, professor of practice at Arizona State University, assures families that graduates of so-called elite (精英) schools versus state universities are barely distinguishable. “ All colleges have amazing things to offer students and the colleges that have accepted you are no exception. Get excited about attending one of those!” he says.
1. Who talks about the benefits of a gap year?
A. Becky Sabky. B. Hafeez Lakhani.
C. J. T. Duck. D. Jeffrey Selingo.
2. What is Jeffrey Selingo’s advice?
A. Consider options that you can afford.
B. Distract yourself with exciting things.
C. Seek support from your family members.
D. Embrace the schools that have accepted you.
3. What are the four experts giving advice on?
A. How to get into a college that rejected you.
B. How college admissions decisions are made.
C. What your college application should include.
D. What to do if your dream college turns you down.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了大学录取专家给予未被心仪大学录取的学生的几点建议。
【详解】1. 细节理解题。根据Consider taking a gap year部分“Admissions dean J.T.Duck says that time spent working, making music，traveling or volunteering "might help you get a better job someday" . Research has shown that gap-year students get in less trouble, are more likely to graduate on time, and have higher GPAs, which in turn can lead to stronger job opportunities. (招生主任J.T.Duck表示，花在工作、创作音乐、旅行或志愿服务上的时间“可能有一天会帮助你找到一份更好的工作”。研究表明，空档年学生遇到的麻烦更少，更有可能按时毕业，GPA也更高，这反过来会带来更大的工作机会。)”可知谈论空档年的好处的是J.T.Duck。故选C。

2.细节理解题。根据Get excited about the options you do have部分“Jeffrey Selingo, professor of practice at Arizona State University, assures families that graduates of so-called elite (精英) schools versus state universities are barely distinguishable. “All colleges have amazing things to offer students and the colleges that have accepted you are no exception.Get excited about attending one of those!” he says. (亚利桑那州立大学实践教授Jeffrey Selingo向家庭保证，所谓精英学校的毕业生与州立大学的毕业生几乎无法区分。他说：“所有的大学都为学生提供了令人惊叹的东西，录取你的大学也不例外。能参加其中一所大学就要兴奋了! ”。)”可知Jeffrey Selingo建议学生要开心地接受录取你的那所大学，因为每一所大学都会提供给学生amazing things。故选D。
3. 推理判断题。根据第一段“Today, it's harder than ever to get into a selective college or university. Here's what experts in college admissions advise when things don't quite work out: (如今，进入一所选择性学院或大学比以往任何时候都难。以下是大学招生专家在事情不太顺利时的建议: )和接下来的四个方面可知，本文是专家给予学生们在被录取的过程中不尽如人意的时候的建议。故选D。
B
I’ve always had an interest in how we understand our own motivations, so when someone invited me to experience a new form of self-analysis, I jumped at it.
The therapy, Compassionate Inquiry, was developed by the doctor and author Gabor Maté. My practitioner(医师), Lauren Burton, believes it can be most useful for people who tend to take on too much or hold themselves to very high standards, because it helps you understand how your childhood self is still showing up in your adult life. When you realize that annoying habit you have is actually just your inner child trying to take control, you have far more self-compassion.
This experience turned up at exactly the right lime. I’ve been feeling burnt out and directionless for a few months, and felt frustrated with myself for it. I thought that at 40 I was a fully formed adult with not a trace of my child-self left, but it turns out that trying to be an adult all the time was actually working against me: 1 needed to play. A few days after my first session, I was off to Venice for a weekend.
“Can you take six-year-old Harriet with you? “ Burton suggested. “See what she would like to do. ”
My inner self rolled her eyes. Venice was clearly for adult-me. But from the second I landed, it felt as though I had a new approach. In St Mark’s Square, I ordered gelato(意式甜品)at 8 a.m., just because I wanted it. And in the glass factories of Murano, I allowed adult-me to buy a pricey vase-but only if she also bought child-me a cute glass cat that I saw being blown.
Back home, I’ve continued to indulge my child-self, listening to what she wants and bringing it into my middle-aged life. It’s definitely brought more fun with it. Moreover, my feelings of burnout are slowly lifting. It turs out that, to cure my problem, I need to stop taking an adult approach and ask, “What does my six-year-old self want here?” As is often the case, children are so much wiser than adults.
4. Who does Lauren Burton think Compassionate Inquiry benefits most?
A. Neglected children. B. Stressed perfectionists.
C. Overwhelmed parents. D. Desperate pessimists.
5. Why was the therapy timely for the author?
A. She lost interest in having fun. B. She faced a challenging future.
C. She was not motivated to move on. D. She was not mature enough for her age.
6. What was the author’s initial reaction to Burton’s suggestion for her trip to Venice?
A. Disapproving. B. Curious. C. Grateful. D. Nervous.
7. What has the author learnt from the experience?
A. Children learn as they play. B. Every child is born a genius.
C. Being with children heals the soul. D. It pays to connect with our inner child.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要阐述了作者在中年生活中所感觉到的倦怠感和沮丧感，通过及时的心理干预和与内心的小孩活动进行调节，从而得到了治疗。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二自然段“My practitioner(医师), Lauren Burton, believes it can be most useful for people who tend to take on too much or hold themselves to very high standards, because it helps you understand how your childhood self is still showing up in your adult life. When you realize that annoying habit you have is actually just your inner child trying to take control, you have far more self-compassion. (我的医生Lauren Burton认为，对于那些倾向于承担太多或对自己要求很高的人来说，这是最有用的，因为它能帮助你理解童年的自己在你的成年生活中仍然是如何表现的。当你意识到那个恼人的习惯实际上只是你内心的孩子想要控制自己时，你就会有更多的自我同情。)”可知，Lauren Burton认为那些倾向于承担太多或对自己要求很高的人最受益。由此可知，这种受益者多为完美主义追求者。A. Neglected children无人照管的儿童；B. Stressed perfectionists被强调的完美主义者；C. Overwhelmed parents不知所措的父母；D. Desperate pessimists绝望的悲观主义者。故选B。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三自然段“This experience turned up at exactly the right lime. I’ve been feeling burnt out and directionless for a few months, and felt frustrated with myself for it. (这次经历来得正是时候。几个月来，我一直感到筋疲力尽，没有方向，为此我对自己感到沮丧。)”可知，作者因为对自己要求高，找不到前进的动力。故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“My inner self rolled her eyes. Venice was clearly for adult-me. But from the second I landed, it felt as though I had a new approach. (我的内心翻了个白眼。威尼斯显然是为成年人准备的。但从我落地的那一刻起，我就觉得自己有了一种新的方法。)”可知，作者对伯顿建议她去威尼斯旅行的最初反应是不情愿的。A. Disapproving不赞成的；B. Curious好奇的；C. Grateful感激的；D. Nervous紧张的。故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Back home, I’ve continued to indulge my child-self, listening to what she wants and bringing it into my middle-aged life. It’s definitely brought more fun with it. Moreover, my feelings of burnout are slowly lifting. It turs out that, to cure my problem, I need to stop taking an adult approach and ask, “What does my six-year-old self want here?” As is often the case, children are so much wiser than adults. (回到家后，我继续纵容自己小时候的样子，倾听她想要什么，并把它带到我的中年生活中。这绝对带来了更多的乐趣。此外，我的倦怠感正在慢慢消失。事实证明，要解决我的问题，我需要停止采取成年人的方法，而是问自己：“六岁的我想要什么？”通常情况下，孩子比大人聪明得多。)”可知，作者在感到无力继续工作的时候，接受了医生的开导，尝试着放下成人思维模式，开始承认并接受内心的“孩子”自我，在一次次的尝试之后，作者能放下成年人的思想负担，用积极放松的心态去面对生活中的困难。故选D。
C
By the age of 5, children are much better than chimpanzees at shifting their attention from one set of rules to another. The findings add to evidence that unique cognitive(认知的)changes occur in humans before they reach 5 years of age.
Like memory and self-control, switching between “mental sets”, such as rules or instructions, is a core cognitive ability developed in young age. It lets us quickly adjust to changes in the environment, for example, choosing a different way to. Get somewhere when our route is blocked by roadworks.
Eva Reindl at the University of St Andrews and her colleagues designed a set of tasks to compare attention-shifting abilities in humans and other primates(灵长类动物)of different ages. Children and chimpanzees, which ranged from 5 to 36 years in age, were trained to determine which of four cups on two different sets of shelves contained a reward-stickers for children and bananas for chimps. On the green shelves, a green cup held the tailwheel on the blue shelves, it was a pink cup.
When they had to switch from one set of shelves to another, chimpanzees successfully selected the right cup 52 per cent of the time. This is comparable to 3-year-old children, who had a success rate of 50 per cent, and 4-year-olds,who chose correctly in 59 per cent of cases. Among 5-year-olds,the success rate was far higher, at 80 per cent.
The improvement on the task with age in children is probably due to biological changes such as the development of the brain, says Reindl. But cultural development may play a role too. Just as adults voice phone numbers or directions aloud to remember them, language may have helped the older children to switch between the two rules.
Although testing biases make it hard to compare humans with other apes, the study’s general findings are credible, says Frans de Waal at Emory University. “It’s hard to argue with the conclusion that 5-year-old children do better than younger ones and better than chimpanzees of various ages, including adults. ”
8. What can we learn about attention-switching ability from the text?
A. It improves with training and practice.
B. It facilitates adaptability to new settings.
C. It helps humans focus purely on one task.
D. It peaks when a human being reaches five.
9. Why did Eva Reindl use stickers and bananas in the study?
A. To engage subjects in the task. B. To ensure the accuracy of the data.
C. To increase the difficulty of the task. D. To help researchers locate target cups.
10. What is paragraph 4 mainly about?
A. The limitations of the study. B. The process of the experiment.
C. The application of the research. D. The performance of the subjects.
11. What does Frans de Waal think of the study’s general findings?
A. Reliable. B. Contradictory.
C. Inconclusive. D. Innovative.
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本篇是说明文。文章主要介绍研究发现注意力迁移的能力早在孩子5岁时就已经发展。
【8题详解】
细节推理题。根据第二段中的“It lets us quickly adjust to changes in the environment, for example, choosing a different way to. (它可以让我们快速适应环境的变化，例如，选择不同的方式。)”可知，注意力迁移作为一种主要的认知能力，其发展可以更好地促进对环境的适应能力。故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段对实验过程的描述中的“Children and chimpanzees, which ranged from 5 to 36 years in age, were trained to determine which of four cups on two different sets of shelves contained a reward-stickers for children and bananas for chimps. On the green shelves, a green cup held the tailwheel on the blue shelves, it was a pink cup. (年龄在5岁到36岁之间的儿童和黑猩猩接受了训练，让他们决定在两组不同架子上的四个杯子中，哪个杯子里有奖励贴纸(给儿童)，哪个杯子里有香蕉(给黑猩猩)。在绿色的架子上，一个绿色的杯子托着尾轮，在蓝色的架子上，它是一个粉红色的杯子。)”可知，放置贴纸和香蕉的目的是为了让实验对象完成实验, 故选A。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段“When they had to switch from one set of shelves to another, chimpanzees successfully selected the right cup 52 per cent of the time. This is comparable to 3-year-old children, who had a success rate of 50 per cent, and 4-year-olds,who chose correctly in 59 per cent of cases. Among 5-year-olds,the success rate was far higher, at 80 per cent. (当它们必须从一组架子切换到另一组架子时，黑猩猩有52%的几率成功选择了正确的杯子。这与3岁儿童的50%的成功率和4岁儿童的59%的正确率相当。在5岁的孩子中，成功率要高得多，达到80%。)”列举的数据和描述可知，本段主要介绍了实验的结果情况，也就是在实验过程中实验对象(subjects)的表现。故选D。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Although testing biases make it hard to compare humans with other apes, the study’s general findings are credible, says Frans de Waal at Emory University. (埃默里大学的弗兰斯•德瓦尔表示，尽管测试存在偏见，很难将人类与其他类人猿进行比较，但研究的总体结果是可信的。)”可知，弗兰斯•德瓦尔认为该实验的结果是可靠的。 故选A。
D
Around 1870, the world entered an era of sustained rapid technological development that was unlike anything that had happened before; each successive generation found itself living in a new world, utterly transformed from the world into which its parents had been born.
Brad DeLong, an economics professor at the University of California, argues that there are two great puzzles about this transformation in his forthcoming book “Slouching Towards Utopia.” The first is why this happened. DeLong thinks there were three great “meta-innovations”- innovations that enabled innovation itself: the rise of large corporations, the invention of the industrial research lab and globalization. The second is why all this technological progress hasn’t made society better than it has. One thing I had not fully realized until reading this book is the extent to which progress hasn’t brought felicity. Over the 140 years surveyed, there have been only two eras during which the Western world felt generally optimistic about the way things were going.
The first such era was the 40 or so years leading up to 1914, when people began to realize just how much progress was being made and started to take it for granted. Unfortunately, that era of optimism died in fire and blood, with technology enhancing rather than lessening the horror. The second era was the “30 glorious years”, the decades after World War II when social democracy(民主)-a market economy with its rough edges smoothed off by labour unions and a strong social safety net-seemed to be producing the most decent societies humanity had ever known. But that era, too, came to an end, partly in the face of economic setbacks and bitter politics.
It would be silly to say that the incredible progress of technology since 1870 has done nothing to improve things; in many ways, today’s average American has a far better life than the richest people of the Gilded Age. But the progress hasn’t made us satisfied or optimistic. DeLong offers some explanations for this disconnect. His book definitely asks the right questions and teaches us a lot of crucial history along the way.
12. What does Brad DeLong say about the transformation in his book?
A. It brought about a better society.
B. It could be divided into three types.
C. It resulted from technological progress.
D. It inspired many commercial innovations.
13. What does the underlined word “felicity” mean in paragraph 2?
A. Emotional satisfaction. B. Global development.
C. Social justice. D. Economic stability.
14. Which of the following words can best describe the two eras in paragraph 3?
A. Unique but painful. B. Sweet but short-lived.
C. Glorious but violent. D. Democratic but long-lost.
15. What is a suitable title for the text?
A. Benefits of Technology to Society
B. Technology Makes Us More Human
C. Technology and the Rise of Pessimism
D. How Technology Transformed Our Lives
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本篇为议论文。作者先介绍了经济学教授布拉德·狄龙在他的书中就从19世纪70年代开始科技迅猛发展从而引起社会变革的两个谜团进行阐释，随后发表对科技进步带来社会变革的看法。
【详解】1. 细节理解题。从第二中“Brad DeLong, an economics professor at the University of California, argues that there are two great puzzles about this transformation in his forthcoming book “Slouching Towards Utopia.” The first is why this happened. DeLong thinks there were three great “meta-innovations”- innovations that enabled innovation itself: the rise of large corporations, the invention of the industrial research lab and globalization. The second is why all this technological progress hasn’t made society better than it has.(加州大学经济学教授Brad DeLong在他即将出版的新书《懒洋洋地走向乌托邦》中指出，这种转变有两大难题。第一个问题是为什么会发生这种情况。DeLong认为，有三个伟大的“元创新”，使创新发展: 大公司的崛起，发明的工业研究实验室和全球化。第二个问题是，为什么所有这些技术进步并没有让社会变得比现在更好。)”可知，Brad DeLong在他的书中描述了这种变革发生的原因是科技进步。故选C。
2. 词义猜测题。从前一句“The second is why all this technological progress hasn’t made society better than it has. (第二个问题是，为什么所有这些技术进步并没有让社会变得比现在更好。)”以及后一句“Over the 140 years surveyed, there have been only two eras during which the Western world felt generally optimistic about the way things were going.(在过去140年的调查中，只有两个时期西方世界对事情的发展普遍感到乐观。)”可知，社会没有更好，人们并没有一直积极乐观，所以说进步没有带来幸福的程度。由此可推知，划线单词“felicity”指的是人们的幸福感。故选A。
3. 推理判断题。从第三段中“The first such era was the 40 or so years leading up to 1914, when people began to realize just how much progress was being made and started to take it for granted.(第一个这样的时代是在1914年之前的40年左右，当时人们开始意识到取得了很大的进步，并开始认为这是理所当然的。)”和 第三句中“The second era was the “30 glorious years”, the decades after World War II (第二个时代是“辉煌的30年”，也就是二战后的几十年)”可知，两段时期发展很好，人们幸福感很高，但是持续的时间很短。故选B。
4. 主旨大意题。本文主要阐述从19世纪70年代开始的科技进步带来的社会变革以及人们对此的看法，从第二个谜团“为什么科技进步没有让社会变得更美好”，“西方社会认可的两个时代都消亡了”以及最后一段“进步并没有让人们感到满意和乐观”而得出结论——人们对科技的悲观主义盛行，由此可知，文章主要围绕技术变革的原因——科技，以及人们对科技的悲观主义盛行而展开。C项“技术和悲观情绪的盛行”适合作文章标题，故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The way students spend their weekends can vary. Once you get to college, students see the weekend as a chance to forget about everything. ___16___ However, when you decide to turn that down, you are thought of as a lame person. What’s up with this stigma (污名)?
In college, going out can seem like the main thing that happens during the weekend. ___17___ If you are one of those people who decides to stay in, you probably know the feeling of being the “lame friend”. This leads to feeling bad about yourself and feeling like a buzzkill (扫兴的人) rather than someone with different interests.
When students feel this way, they can also feel pressured into doing something that they originally did not want to do. Just because a person does not want to go out and party and drink does not mean that they are lame. ___18___ I don’t think we should assume that everyone needs to go out during the weekend in order to have fun, and the social pressure to do so can feel crushing. I will speak from my own experience: When the weekend comes around, I overthink and start to get a rush of anxiety. Why? Because I might be judged for not going out. I’m sure there are others that feel the same way and have had similar experiences. ___19___
We should keep in mind that individuals are going through their own personal situations. Everyone has their own reasons for not going out. People should normalize that not going out on the weekends is really not the worst thing. I remember watching a comedy film with some friends one enjoyable and relaxing weekend. ___20___
A. But not everyone is into that.
B. Most of the time it is going out with friends.
C. They don’t deserve to feel the way I do either.
D. They just have a different idea of a fun weekend.
E. Not going out could be interpreted as a sign that they are lame.
F. This type of environment didn’t make me feel pressured into following suit.
G. Unfortunately, there are always some people forcing their thoughts on others.
【答案】16. B 17. A 18. D 19. C 20. F
【解析】
【导语】本篇为夹叙夹议文。作者结合自己的经历讲述一般情况下的周末，大学生都是邀约朋友一起度过，如果不加入，会被当作“蹩脚的朋友”，作者认为每个人可以有自己不同的过法。
【16题详解】
根据上文“The way students spend their weekends can vary. Once you get to college, students see the weekend as a chance to forget about everything.(大学生度过周末的方式各不相同。一旦你上了大学，大学生就会把周末看作一个忘记一切的机会)”可知，前面说到了学生们过周末的方法各不相同，大学生认为周末就是放下学业的机会，绝大部分人都会选择和朋友一起出去玩。故B选项“大部分时间是和朋友出去”符合语境，故选B。
【17题详解】
根据空格后的一句话“If you are one of those people who decides to stay in, you probably know the feeling of being the “lame friend”.(如果你是那些决定呆在寝室里的人之一，你可能知道成为“蹩脚的朋友”的感觉)”可以看出，如果你拒绝这种与朋友外出的方式，你就会知道被当作是“蹩脚的朋友”的感受。所以并不是每一个人都喜欢go out at weekends。故A选项“但不是每个人都喜欢”符合语境，故选A。
【18题详解】
根据后文“I don’t think we should assume that everyone needs to go out during the weekend in order to have fun, and the social pressure to do so can feel crushing.(我认为我们不应该假设每个人都需要在周末出去玩，这样做的社会压力会让人感到崩溃)”可知，作者认为快乐地过周末的方法并不一定是与朋友外出。但是这种社交习俗给人的压力让人难以承受。后面举了自己的例子，周末来临，他会感到a rush of anxiety。故D选项“他们只是对有趣的周末有不同的看法”符合语境，故选D。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Because I might be judged for not going out. I’m sure there are others that feel the same way and have had similar experiences.(因为我可能会因为不出去而被评判。我相信其他人也有同样的感觉，也有类似的经历)”提到其他人也会有跟作者一样的经历和感受，而这是一种不好的感受，所以作者觉得他们不应该承受这样的压力。故C选项“他们也不应该有我这样的感受”符合语境，故选C。
【20题详解】
根据上文“We should keep in mind that individuals are going through their own personal situations. Everyone has their own reasons for not going out. People should normalize that not going out on the weekends is really not the worst thing. I remember watching a comedy film with some friends one enjoyable and relaxing weekend.(我们应该记住，每个人的情况都不一样。每个人都有自己不出去的理由。人们应该认识到周末不出去并不是最糟糕的事情。我记得在一个愉快而放松的周末，我和一些朋友一起看了一部喜剧电影)”可知，作者认为人们应该认识到周末不外出与友人度过不是一件糟糕透顶的事情。作者和朋友一起看喜剧电影就很享受， 没有感到被迫要效仿别人的那种压力。故F选项“这种环境并没有让我觉得有压力去效仿”符合语境，故选F。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I was talking to some friends while standing in line in the cafeteria at my middle school. As I started to share a funny story, my friend Elizabeth ___21___ me. “Coco! Coco!” she called out. Everyone laughed. This is so ___22___, I thought. I felt a little bit uncomfortable.
However, I never wanted to ask what “Coco” meant. I ___23___ it was a code word for a cute boy. Elizabeth was one of the girls that everyone wanted to be friends with. I felt ___24___ to be friends with her. Later, I noticed that Elizabeth often said bad things about other kids. I would have never said those things about someone, but to fit in, I ___25___ when Elizabeth said them.
One day, a classmate stopped by my locker and said to me, “‘Coco’ means Elizabeth thinks you’re being ___26___. It’s really mean.” My eyes filled with tears. I couldn’t ___27___ it.
The next day, at lunchtime, I sat beside Macy, who was sitting with another two girls and who had always seemed nice, ___28___ that she didn’t know about Coco. “You know Elizabeth is mean, right?” My heart ___29___. She knew. Before I could respond, Macy said, “You didn’t ____30____ to be treated that way, and nobody else does either.” I smiled and then talked to my new friends with ____31____. We laughed a lot, and no one interrupted with a mean code word.
Most adolescents are attempting to ____32____ who they are and who they want to be. The word Coco will always serve as a(n) ____33____ that I need to stay ____34____ to myself and never compromise my values to be friends with someone. Because with ____35____ friends, I won’t have to.
21. A. interrupted B. mentioned C. greeted D. recognized
22. A. incredible B. odd C. risky D. relaxing
23. A. knew B. admitted C. recalled D. assumed
24. A. embarrassed B. guilty C. lucky D. ready
25. A. quit B. sighed C. laughed D. complained
26. A. mean B. annoying C. unfair D. dishonest
27. A. believe B. afford C. resist D. make
28. A. ensuring B. suspecting C. realizing D. praying
29. A. broke B. sank C. softened D. melted
30. A. expect B. deserve C. intend D. refuse
31. A. caution B. sympathy C. delight D. regret
32. A. figure out B. care about C. count on D. escape from
33. A. model B. inspiration C. guarantee D. reminder
34. A. critical B. superior C. true D. immune
35. A. new B. smart C. imaginary D. right
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者在中学时期与朋友们的故事，以及对人际交往的感触。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：正当我开始讲一个有趣的故事时，我的朋友Elizabeth打断了我。A. interrupted打断；B. mentioned提到；C. greeted打招呼；D. recognized认出。根据下文““Coco! Coco!” she called out.”可知，Elizabeth喊了“Coco”，所以应该是打断了作者。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这太奇怪了，我想。A. incredible不可思议的；B. odd奇怪的；C. risky有风险的；D. relaxing舒服的。根据上文““Coco! Coco!” she called out. Everyone laughed.”可知，Elizabeth喊了“Coco”，然后大家都笑了，作者应该会感觉很奇怪。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我以为这是一个称呼可爱男孩的暗号。A. knew知道；B. admitted承认；C. recalled记起；D. assumed以为。根据上文“However, I never wanted to ask what “Coco” meant.”可知，作者并不知道“Coco”实际的意思，所以应该是以为它是称呼可爱男孩的暗号。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：能和她做朋友我感到很幸运。A. embarrassed尴尬的；B. guilty有罪的；C. lucky幸运的；D. ready准备好的。根据上文“Elizabeth was one of the girls that everyone wanted to be friends with.”可知，每个人都想和Elizabeth做朋友，作者能和她做朋友应该会感到幸运。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我从来不会说别人的坏话，但为了合群，Elizabeth说这些话时我笑了笑。A. quit退出；B. sighed叹气；C. laughed大笑；D. complained抱怨。根据上文“but to fit in”可知，作者想要合群，所以Elizabeth说别人坏话的时候应该会笑一笑。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“Coco”的意思是Elizabeth觉得你很烦人。A. mean刻薄的；B. annoying烦人的；C. unfair不公平的；D. dishonest不诚实的。根据上文“I was talking to some friends while standing in line in the cafeteria at my middle school. As I started to share a funny story”可知，Elizabeth喊出“Coco”的时候，作者一直在说话，所以Elizabeth用“Coco”应该是觉得作者很烦人。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我简直不敢相信。A. believe相信；B. afford负担得起；C. resist抵抗；D. make完成。根据上文“it was a code word for a cute boy”和“My eyes filled with tears.”可知，作者原来以为Elizabeth说的“Coco”表达友好的意思，而实际上是很伤人的意思，结果作者哭了，所以应该是不敢相信。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天，吃午饭的时候，我坐在Macy旁边，她和另外两个女孩坐在一起，她看起来总是很和蔼，我祈祷着她不知道“Coco”的意思。A. ensuring确保；B. suspecting怀疑；C. realizing实现；D. praying祈祷。根据下文“She knew.”可知，Macy知道Elizabeth对作者说“Coco”的事情，知道“Coco”背后的意思，所以此处表示作者祈祷她不知道。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的心一沉。A. broke打破；B. sank沉没；C. softened软化；D. melted融化。根据上文“You know Elizabeth is mean, right?”可知，Macy直接挑明了Elizabeth的本性，让作者之前的想法落空了，所以应该是心一沉。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我还没来得及回答，Macy就说：“你不应该被那样对待，其他人也不应该。”A. expect期望；B. deserve应受；C. intend打算；D. refuse拒绝。根据上文“You know Elizabeth is mean, right?”可知，Macy直接评价Elizabeth很刻薄，所以应该是为作者抱不平，认为作者不应该被Elizabeth那样对待。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我笑了笑，然后喜悦地和我的新朋友们交谈。A. caution谨慎；B. sympathy同情；C. delight喜悦；D. regret后悔。根据上文“I smiled and then talked to my new friends”可知，作者听到Macy的话很开心，把她们当作新朋友，所以应该是喜悦地交谈。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：大多数青少年都在试图弄清楚他们是谁，他们想成为谁。A. figure out弄清楚；B. care about关心；C. count on依靠；D. escape from逃离。根据下文“who they are and who they want to be”和常识可推知，青少年一般处于迷惘的时期，会想弄清楚自己是谁、想成为谁。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“Coco”这个词将永远提醒我，我需要忠于自己，永远不要为了和别人做朋友而妥协自己的价值观。A. model模型；B. inspiration灵感；C. guarantee保证；D. reminder提醒。根据上文作者被喊“Coco”的经历，再结合下文“I need to stay ___14___ to myself and never compromise my values to be friends with someone”可推知，这个经历应该是提醒着作者与人做朋友的原则。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“Coco”这个词将永远提醒我，我需要忠于自己，永远不要为了和别人做朋友而妥协自己的价值观。A. critical关键的；B. superior更好的；C. true忠实的；D. immune免疫的。根据下文“never compromise my values to be friends with someone”可知，作者认为不能为了和别人做朋友而妥协自己的价值观，所以应该是要忠于自己。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因为有了正确的朋友，我不必这么做。A. new新的；B. smart聪明的；C. imaginary想象的；D. right正确的。根据上文作者交了Elizabeth这样错误的朋友的时候，需要妥协自己的价值观，而交到Macy这样正直的朋友的时候，能自由快乐地交谈可推知，此处表达和正确的朋友在一起的时候，不必妥协自己的价值观。故选D。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Astronomers say they have discovered the largest planet killer-sized asteroid (小行星) in eight years, ___36___ that the huge space rock will cross the Earth’s orbit.
The asteroid, named 2022 AP7,was reported by researchers ___37___ (look) for space rocks within the orbits of Earth and Venus. “Any asteroid over l km in size ___38___ (consider) a planet killer,” said lead study author Sheppard, adding that ___39___ such an object should strike Earth, the impact would be destructive to life, with dust and pollutants kicked up into the atmosphere, ___40___ they would stay for years. “The surface of the Earth would likely cool significantly from sunlight not getting to the planet. It would be an event of mass ___41___ (extinct),” he said.
The term “planet killer” may sound scary, but 2022 AP7 has no chance to hit the Earth ___42___ (current).
In September, NASA ___43___ (launch) its Dart mission, ploughing a spacecraft into an asteroid to deflect (变向) the latter from its orbit．The mission was ___44___ attempt to test technology that could eventually be used to tackle space rocks that pose a threat to the Earth. Last month, researchers confirmed Dart had been a success.
An approach like Dart might not be suitable for 2022 AP7 ___45___ (give) the size of the asteroid, but there were other possible methods.
【答案】36. and
37. looking
38. is considered
39. if 40. where
41. extinction
42. currently
43 launched
44. an 45. given
【解析】
【导语】本文为说明文。科学家发现最大的“行星杀手”并且这些巨大的太空岩石将来可能会穿过地球轨道。
【36题详解】
考查连词。句意： 天文学家说，他们已经发现了八年来最大的行星杀手级的小行星，这个巨大的太空岩石将穿越地球的轨道。分析句子可知，空前“the largest planet killer-sized asteroid (小行星) in eight years”与“that the huge space rock will cross the Earth’s orbit”同为谓语动词discover的宾语，所以两者表示并列关系。故填and。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：这颗名为2022AP7的小行星是由在地球和金星轨道内寻找太空岩石的研究人员报告的。分析可知，此句已经有谓语动词was reported。所以空处用非谓语。逻辑主语 researcher和look之间为主谓关系， 故用现在分词。故填looking。
【38题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意：研究报告的主要作者 Sheppard 说： “任何大小超过1公里的小行星都可以被认为是行星杀手。”他还补充说，这样的小行星如果撞击地球，将会对生命造成破坏，尘埃和污染物将会进入大气层，它们将会停留数年。空处在句中为谓语，本句所述内容为客观事实，所以时态用一般现在时；主语any asteroid为单数含义，与动词consider为动宾关系，所以语态用被动。短语：be considered (as）...“被认为是……”，故填is considered。
【39题详解】
考查条件状语从句。句意：研究报告的主要作者 Sheppard 说：“任何大小超过1公里的小行星都可以被认为是行星杀手。”他还补充说，这样的小行星如果撞击地球，将会对生命造成破坏，尘埃和污染物将会进入大气层，它们将会停留数年。根据下文“such an object should strike Earth, the impact would be destructive to life”两个句子的谓语动词“should strike”与“would be”可知，此处使用了if引导的虚拟条件句, 表将来，故填if。
【40题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：研究报告的主要作者 Sheppard 说：“任何大小超过1公里的小行星都可以被认为是行星杀手。”他还补充说，这样的小行星如果撞击地球，将会对生命造成破坏，尘埃和污染物将会进入大气层，它们将会停留数年。分析句子可知，空处及之后的内容为非限制性定语从句，先行词为atmosphere，在从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where，故填where。
41题详解】
考查名词。句意：“这将是一次大规模灭绝事件。”他表示。形容词修饰名词，结合空前形容词mass可知，此处用名词extinction，作介词of的宾语。故填extinction。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：“行星杀手”这个词听起来可能有点吓人，但是2022AP7目前还没有机会撞击地球。分析句子可知，空处在句中为状语，修饰整个句子，所以用副词currently，故填currently。
【43题详解】
考查时态。句意： 今年9月，美国宇航局(NASA)发射了它的“达特”任务，将一艘宇宙飞船撞向一颗小行星，以使后者偏离其轨道。空处为谓语，结合句中“In September”可知，时态用一般过去时。故填launched。
【44题详解】
考查冠词。句意：这次任务是一次尝试，目的是测试可能最终用于处理对地球构成威胁的太空岩石的技术。attempt“尝试”为可数名词，这里使用了单数，其首个音素为元音，所以此处用不定冠词an，故填an。
【45题详解】
考查介词。句意：考虑到小行星的大小，像达特这样的方法可能不适合2022AP7，但是还有其他可能的方法。结合句意可知，这里应为“考虑到，鉴于”含义，介词given，表示“考虑到；鉴于”。故填given。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 上周六你校举办了一年一度的运动会，请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：
1、举办目的;
2．比赛情况;
3．活动反响。
注意：1．写作词数应为80左右;
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The Annual Sports Day
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【答案】参考范文
The Annual Sports Day
Last Saturday witnessed our school’s annual sports day, which was aimed at getting us students involved in sports and strengthening the bond.
Bathed in the sunshine, students from all grades participated in a variety of events, ranging from relay races to tugs-of-war. All the athletes pushed themselves to the utmost, sweating on the sports field, with their classmates cheering and clapping for them.
The sports day was highly spoken of. It was through this event that we became more aware of the importance of sports and teamwork.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文。要求考生对于上周六你校举办了一年一度的运动会，为校英文报写一篇报道。
【详解】1.词汇积累
旨在，目的是：aimed at→ designed to
加强，强化：strengthen →reinforce
参加：participated in→ took part in
重要性：importance→ significance
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Bathed in the sunshine, students from all grades participated in a variety of events, ranging from relay races to tugs-of-war.
拓展句：Bathed in the sunshine, students from all grades participated in a variety of events, which range from relay races to tugs-of-war.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Last Saturday witnessed our school’s annual sports day, which was aimed at getting us students involved in sports and strengthening the bond.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】It was through this event that we became more aware of the importance of sports and teamwork.（运用了It was…that…的强调句型。）
第二节 概要写作(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
It’s difficult not to admire the talent of a skilled musician. Whether it be a pianist or cellist, these individuals have shown dedication and passion over a long period of time to reach the highest levels of performance. But they say it’s never too late to learn. So what are the benefits, for both children and adults, in learning a musical instrument?
Learning to play a musical instrument when growing up can improve hearing in adulthood. According to a study by Dr Nina Kraus at Northwestern University in Illinois, US, children who played musical instruments were better at recognizing different frequencies. This improved hearing skill carried over into later life with adults who had once played an instrument able to discern (分辨)sounds of different pitches more easily. And it could also have some academic benefits too. A study conducted by the University of British Columbia found that students who engaged in music-related activities during grades 7-12 scored significantly higher in science, English and maths.
And there are not just benefits to children. Whether you choose to play the piano, pick or strum a guitar or learn a drumbeat, you could end up joining a band or orchestra. This in turn could improve your social life, meeting other bandmates who are likeminded in their love of a good tune. Learning an instrument can also give you a sense of achievement. Nailing that perfect chord (和弦)is one way, but what if you got together with a bunch of friends and entered into a battle of the bands-and won?
So whether you’re looking to de-stress playing out some chords, or improve your grades at school, maybe taking up an instrument could help you.
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【答案】参考范文
Learning a musical instrument takes sustained efforts and intense enthusiasm, but it can benefit people of all ages. Research demonstrates that child learners will acquire improved hearing in their later life, which enables them to better identify frequencies and distinguish sounds of pitches, and get enhanced academic performance. Besides, learning an instrument can provide adults with increased social life and a sense of fulfillment. Therefore, it is advisable to give it a try.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了学习乐器需要持续的努力和强烈的热情，但它可以造福于各个年龄段的人。研究表明，儿童学习者在今后的生活中将获得更好的听力，这使他们能够更好地识别频率和区分音高的声音，并获得更好的学习成绩。此外，学习乐器可以增加成年人的社会生活和满足感。因此，最好试一试。
【详解】1 要点摘录
①Whether it be a pianist or cellist, these individuals have shown dedication and passion over a long period of time to reach the highest levels of performance.
②So what are the benefits, for both children and adults, in learning a musical instrument?
③Learning to play a musical instrument when growing up can improve hearing in adulthood.
④According to a study by Dr Nina Kraus at Northwestern University in Illinois, US, children who played musical instruments were better at recognizing different frequencies.
⑤This improved hearing skill carried over into later life with adults who had once played an instrument able to discern (分辨)sounds of different pitches more easily
⑥And it could also have some academic benefits too.
⑦This in turn could improve your social life, meeting other bandmates who are likeminded in their love of a good tune.
⑧Learning an instrument can also give you a sense of achievement.
⑨So, whether you’re looking to de-stress playing out some chords, or improve your grades at school, maybe taking up an instrument could help you.
2.缜密构思
将第1、2要点进行整合，将第3、4、5、6要点进行重组；将7、8要点进行整合；将第9要点进行改写。
3.遣词造句
Learning a musical instrument takes sustained efforts and intense enthusiasm, which can benefit people of all ages.
Research shows that child learners will improve hearing in their later life, which enables them to better identify frequencies and distinguish sounds of pitches, and get enhanced academic performance.
Besides, learning an instrument can offer adults increased social life and a sense of fulfillment.
Therefore, we should give it a try.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Research demonstrates that child learners will acquire improved hearing in their later life, which enables them to better identify frequencies and distinguish sounds of pitches, and get enhanced academic performance.运用that引导的宾语从句和which引导的非限制性定语从句对原文第二段进行了概括。其中which引导的非限制性定语从句表达高级。
[高分句型2]：Therefore, it is advisable to give it a try.运用了it作形式主语，真正的主语是不定式，对最后一段进行了概括。


听力答案：1~5ABAAC 6~10ACABB 11~15CBABA 16-20CBCCB