重庆市巴蜀中学2022-2023学年高考英语适应性月考卷（十）试题（Word版附解析）

这是一份重庆市巴蜀中学2022-2023学年高考英语适应性月考卷（十）试题（Word版附解析），共23页。
巴蜀中学2023届高考适应性月考卷(十)
英语
注意事项：
1. 答题前, 考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位等在答题卡上填写清楚。
2. 每小题选出答案后, 用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动, 用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案标号。在试题卷上作答无效。
3. 考试结束后, 请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。满分150分, 考试用时120分钟。
第一部分听力(共两节、满分30分)
注意, 听力部分答题时, 请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前, 你将有两分钟的时间将答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题：每小题1. 5分、满分7. 5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What did the man buy for his father?
A. A watch. B. A shirt. C. A football.
2. What does the man mean?
A. Olivia may not be available.
B. Olivia is at her sister’s house.
C. Olivia doesn’t want to be invited.
3. Where was the man born?
A. In America. B. In England. C. In Canada.
4. How will the man probably contact the company next Monday?
A. By making a call. B. By writing a letter. C. By sending an email.
5. Why are the kids in the woman’s yard?
A. To play baseball. B. To hide from the woman’s dog. C. To get their ball back.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分22. 5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有2至4个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听每投对话或独白前, 你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题：听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话, 回答第6和第7题。
6. Where does the woman want to go?
A. To Disneyland. B. To Shanghai University. C. To the museum.
7. What will the speakers probably do next?
A. Cancel their flight. B. Call their neighbors. C. Order a taxi.
听下面一段对话, 回答第8至第10题。
8. What will Anna do this afternoon?
A. Send Alex a brochure. B. Design some models. C. Attend a meeting.
9. Why does Alex make the phone call?
A. To order some machines.
B. To ask for colored pictures.
C. To change the delivery time.
10. When will the speakers sign the agreement?
A. This evening. B. Tomorrow morning. C. At noon tomorrow.
听下面一段对话, 回答第11至第13题。
11. What is the conversation mainly about?
A. A text. B. A summary. C. An assignment.
12. How many words does the woman need to write for the summary?
A. About150. B. About115. C. About105.
13. What does the man ask the woman to do?
A. Recite the text. B. Read the summary. C. Remember the new words.
听下面一段对话, 回答第14至第17题。
14. Who knocked over the vase?
A. The cat. B. The woman. C. The man.
15. Who did the vase belong to at first?
A. The woman’s mother. B. The woman’s grandma. C. The woman’s friend.
16. What does the man think of buying a similar vase?
A. It is too expensive. B. It is not easily accessible. C. It is not big enough.
17. What did the speakers decide to do at last?
A. Fix the vase themselves. B. Sell it to an antique store. C. Ask skilled workers to repair it.
听下面一段独白, 回答第18至第20题。
18. When did the speaker graduate from university?
A. In 2012. B. In2015. C. In2017.
19. How did the speaker feel about her first job in the beginning?
A. Discontented. B. Thrilled. C. Confused.
20. What is the speaker writing about now?
A. Green plants. B. Environmental issues. C. The latest clothes and music.
第二部分阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Frequently Asked Questions about Assessment
Does it matter if my coursework is too long or too short?
The word count for each piece of coursework should be provided on the title page. IOE allows a 10% margin(差额)on the word limit set for the coursework. For example, if the word limit is 5, 000 words, you can submit an assessment of between 4, 500 and 5, 500 words. Note that if your work exceeds (超出)the 10% margin, it will automatically fail.
When is the deadline for coursework assignments?
Final deadlines for coursework submissions are normally 2 calendar moths after the end of term in which the module runs. Coursework deadlines will be published on your programme webpage at the start of the academic year. The deadline for reports is normally the first working day in September. Note that you MUST submit your coursework by the deadline and that failure to do so in automatic fail.
When will I receive the grade and feedback for my coursework?
Your coursework and report are independently marked by two members of staff. Once the markers have agreed a grade, you will be informed of your results by the programme administrator. We aim to complete this process within 4 weeks of the submission deadline. Feedback and grades are not guaranteed within 4 weeks for extended, delayed, or resubmitted coursework. In special circumstances, you may apply for additional time to complete your coursework but must submit the evidence proving you are impacted by unforeseen factors. The time should be not later than two weeks before the original deadline.
If you are in any doubt about the assessment, please contact the programme administrator.
1. What results in an automatic fail?
A. Exceeding the word limit.
B. Not providing the word count.
C. Missing the coursework deadline.
D. Not publishing the coursework.
2. What can you do if you have doubts about the feedback you received?
A. Consult the programme administrator.
B. Submit evidence to support your case.
C. Revise your coursework based on the feedback.
D. Contact the markers who provided the feedback.
3. Where is this text probably taken from?
A. A textbook. B. An exam paper.
C. An academic article. D. A programme handbook.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本篇为应用文，介绍了一个研究课程关于成绩评估的常见问题。
【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第一段“Note that if your work exceeds the 10% margin, it will automatically fail.(请注意，如果您的字数超过10%的余量，它将自动失败)”以及第二段“Note that you MUST submit your coursework by the deadline and that failure to do so results in an automatic fail.(请注意，你必须在截止日期前提交课程作业，否则将自动不及格)”可知自动不及格的情况有两种，论文字数超出规定字数的10%和未在规定时间上传作业。A中只写到超过字数限制，而不是超过限制10%。故选C。

2.细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“If you are in any doubt about the assessment, please contact the program me administrator.(如果您对评估有任何疑问，请联系项目管理员)”可知，如果对课程作业评估有质疑，可以联系该研究课程的管理员。故选A。
3.推理判断题。根据文章标题“Frequently Asked Questions about Assessment(有关评估核定的常见问题)”并结合全文可知，这篇文章集中回答了一个研究课程关于成绩评估的三个常见问题，可见这篇文章主要在介绍与研究课程相关的基本信息，所以应该来自于某个研究课程的课程指南。故选D。
B
About15 years ago, Andrew McLindon, a business owner and passionate eyelist, was riding his bike in Austin, Texas, when he thought about a friend’s 12-year-old son. The boy had never known the joy of biking because he suffered from a brain condition that often caused balance disturbances.
When he got home, McLindon, now 60, went online and found a three-wheel recumbent (侧卧的) bike with a seat belt, perfect for a child with balance issues. Soon the boy was cycling around the street with his peers, having fun and getting exercise. But there was more, as McLindon learned from his friend’s reaction. “To see his son interacting with other kids,” McLindon says. “I’ll never forget the smile on his face.”
That smile launched the McLindon Family Foundation. Funded by donations, the group works with pediatric rehab (小儿康复) clinics to find children who can benefit from owning bike and to help craft each bike to the particular needs of the child. A bike may include a headrest, a shoulder band, a seat belt, and a caregiver’s steering and braking system in the back. The bikes are expensive — $3, 000 to $4, 000, and that’s with the foundation’s large discount. For kids lucky enough to get one, they’re a life changer.
“We worked with a 14-year-old who had a back problem,” says McLindon. She spent most days on the couch watching TV. Soon after she got her bike, she was training for special-needs triathlons (铁人三项). In a magazine interview, she said, “I always knew there was an athlete me.”
So far, the foundation has given away 450 bikes, and that’s just a start. “I do a lot of things. I run a lot of companies.” McLindon says. “But getting these kids their bikes most important thing that I do.”
4. What inspired Andrew McLindon to search for a special bike online?
A. His enthusiasm for cycling.
B. His ambition to start a new business.
C. His goal to invent a new type of bike.
D. His desire to help a boy with balance issues.
5. Why was McLindon Family Foundation established?
A. To sponsor special-needs triathlons.
B. To raise money for pediatric rehab clinics.
C. To provide adaptive bikes for disabled children.
D. To offer a social network to children with special needs.
6. What benefit can adaptive bikes bring?
A. They can offer medical treatment.
B. They can provide exercise and fun.
C. They can relieve physical suffering.
D. They can improve academic performance.
7. What does McLindon think of his work with the McLindon Family Foundation?
A. It is a worthwhile effort.
B. It is a temporary solution.
C. It is financially rewarding.
D. It is technically challenging.
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. B 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本篇为记叙文。文章讲述了安德鲁·麦克林登建立了一个基金会，和小儿康复医院合作，给身体有残疾的小孩提供适应性自行车来帮助他们获得锻炼和快乐的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。由第一段“About15 years ago, Andrew McLindon, a business owner and passionate eyelist, was riding his bike in Austin, Texas, when he thought about a friend’s 12-year-old son. The boy had never known the joy of biking because he suffered from a brain condition that often caused balance disturbances.(安德鲁·麦克林登是一位企业主，也是一位充满激情的眼科医生。大约15年前，他在德克萨斯州奥斯汀市骑自行车时，突然想起了一位朋友12岁的儿子。这个男孩从来都不知道骑自行车的乐趣，因为他患有经常导致平衡障碍的脑部疾病)”和第二段“When he got home, McLindon, now 60, went online and found a three-wheel recumbent (侧卧的) bike with a seat belt, perfect for a child with balance issues. (回到家后，现年60岁的麦克林登在网上找到了一辆带安全带的三轮卧式自行车，非常适合有平衡问题的孩子)”可知，安德鲁·麦克林登想帮助朋友的儿子，他因脑部疾病在平衡感上有问题，因此他上网去搜索适合有平衡问题的孩子的特殊自行车，故选D。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“That smile launched the McLindon Family Foundation. Funded by donations, the group works with pediatric rehab (小儿康复) clinics to find children who can benefit from owning bike and to help craft each bike to the particular needs of the child. (这个微笑创立了麦克林顿家庭基金会。在捐款的资助下，该组织与儿童康复诊所合作，寻找可以从拥有自行车中受益的儿童，并帮助制作每辆自行车，以满足孩子的特殊需求)”可知，麦克林登家族基金会创立是为了满足孩子的特殊需求，给残疾儿童提供适合他们的适应自行车。故选C。
6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“When he got home, McLindon, now 60, went online and found a three-wheel recumbent (侧卧的) bike with a seat belt, perfect for a child with balance issues. Soon the boy was cycling around the street with his peers, having fun and getting exercise.(回到家后，现年60岁的麦克林登在网上找到了一辆带安全带的三轮卧式自行车，非常适合有平衡问题的孩子。很快，这个男孩就和他的同龄人一起在街上骑自行车，玩得开心，同时锻炼了身体)”可知，适应性自行车能提供锻炼和乐趣。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“So far, the foundation has given away 450 bikes, and that’s just a start. ‘I do a lot of things. I run a lot of companies,’ McLindon says. ‘But getting these kids their bikes is the most important thing that I do.’ (到目前为止，该基金会已经赠送了450辆自行车，而这仅仅是个开始。“我做很多事情。麦克林登说，我经营着很多公司。但让这些孩子拥有自行车是我做的最重要的事情。”)”可知，麦克林登认为给孩子们自行车是他做的最重要的事情，说明他认为自己付出的努力是值得的。故选A。
C
Have you ever been in a situation where you couldn’t understand why someone failed to grasp what you were trying to explain? You thought the concept was so simple, and yet they didn’t seem to get it.
You are influenced by “the curse of knowledge”. It’s a cognitive bias (认知偏差): once we learn something, we kind of lose the memory of not knowing it and the empathy (共鸣) for people who don’t know it.
When we assume that others know what we’re talking about, communication breaks down. We become frustrated and angry at each other, which can lead to misunderstandings and arguments. The curse of knowledge can also make us feel superior to others, which damages our relationships and can create a negative atmosphere in our homes.
Think of a time when you were only 4 and your parents were trying to teach you how to do single digit addition. You kept getting the answers wrong however much they guided. Finally, they shouted, “How come you can’t even solve such a simple question!” Your parents had forgotten what it was like not to know how to do addition, and couldn’t explain it to you in a way that you may have become frustrated or irritated with each other, which only added to the family conflicts.
So, how can we avoid the curse of knowledge? One way is to empathize with others. Try to see things from their perspective and remember what it was like not to know that concept. Use everyday language and simple examples to explain complex ideas. This will help the other person understand and prevent miscommunication. Another is to ask questions. Ask the other person what they understand and what they are confused about. This can help you tailor your explanation to their needs and avoid assumptions that can lead to frustration.
8. What does “the curse of knowledge” refer to?
A. A memory problem that occurs while grasping ideas.
B. A personal quality that makes people mean to others.
C. A thinking error that results in a communication gap.
D. A mental condition that prevents people from learning.
9. What does the third paragraph talk about concerning the curse of knowledge?
A. Its roots. B. Its effects. C. Its benefits. D. Its definition.
10. How does the author illustrate the curse of knowledge in paragraph 4?
A. By giving a relevant example.
B. By raising a personal question.
C. By comparing it to a similar concept.
D. By distinguishing it from a general theory.
11. In which situation is the curse of knowledge most likely to be avoided?
A. A teacher asks students for their feedback in class.
B. A parent blames a child for failing to do a simple task.
C. A doctor uses medical terms when speaking with a patient.
D. A chef gets impatient when teaching a beginner how to cook.
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. A 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本篇为说明文。介绍了“知识诅咒”这一认知偏差、它所导致的负面影响，以及如何在生活中避免“知识诅咒”的发生。
【详解】1. 细节理解题。根据第二段“You are influenced by ‘the curse of knowledge’. It’s a cognitive bias: once we learn something, we kind of lose the memory of not knowing it and the empathy for people who don’t know it.(你受到“知识诅咒”的影响。这是一种认知偏见：一旦我们学到了什么，我们就会失去对不知道它的记忆，以及对不知道的人的同理心。)”以及第三段“When we assume that others know what we’re talking about, communication breaks down. We become frustrated and angry at each other, which can lead to misunderstandings and arguments. The curse of knowledge can also make us feel superior to others, which damages our relationships and can create a negative atmosphere in our homes.(当我们假设别人知道我们在说什么的时候，交流就会中断。我们变得沮丧和对彼此生气，这可能导致误解和争论。知识诅咒也会让我们觉得自己比别人优越，这会破坏我们的人际关系，并在我们的家里制造一种消极的气氛。)”可知，知识诅咒是一种认知偏差，会引发误解，换句话说，是一种导致沟通差距的思维错误。故选C。

2. 主旨大意题。第三段“When we assume that others know what we’re talking about, communication breaks down. We become frustrated and angry at each other, which can lead to misunderstandings and arguments. The curse of knowledge can also make us feel superior to others, which damages our relationships and can create a negative atmosphere in our homes.(当我们假设别人知道我们在说什么的时候，交流就会中断。我们变得沮丧和对彼此生气，这可能导致误解和争论。知识的诅咒也会让我们觉得自己比别人优越，这会破坏我们的人际关系，并在我们的家里制造一种消极的气氛。)”主要讨论了知识诅咒带来的负面影响：沟通破裂；对对话方的恼怒和对于对方不理解自己的沮丧；误解和争吵；感觉自己高人一等，从而破坏关系甚至给家庭带来非常不好的氛围。故选B。
3. 推理判断题。根据第四段的开头“Think of a time when you were only 4 and your parents were trying to teach you how to do single digit addition. You kept getting the answers wrong however much they guided. Finally, they shouted, “How come you can’t even solve such a simple question!” (回想一下，当你只有4岁的时候，你的父母正在教你如何做单位数加法。不管他们怎么引导你，你总是答错。最后，他们喊道：“你们怎么连这么简单的问题都解决不了！”)”可知，作者让读者设想一个小时候学习计算题被父母批评“这么简单的题都不会做”的情景，详细分析了这个故事里父母犯的错，所以说采用了引用相关例子的方法。故选A。
4. 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Ask the other person what they understand and what they are confused about. This can help you tailor your explanation to their needs and avoid assumptions that can lead to frustration.(问问别人他们了解什么，他们对什么感到困惑。这可以帮助你根据他们的需要来调整你的解释，避免可能导致挫折的假设。)”可知，为了避免知识诅咒，我们在沟通时可以选择不断询问对方是否明白自己或是否有困惑来及时解决沟通问题。而A选项“教师及时在课堂上询问学生的反馈”最有可能避免知识的诅咒。故选A。
D
Sheep, camels, goats and other hoofed (有蹄类) animals are better at figuring out solutions to puzzles when they are less integrated into social groups.
These individuals might be forced to find food, shelter and other needs on their own without group help, thus fuelling innovation, says Federica Amici at the University of Lipzig in Germany.
“If you’re not well integrated into your social group, you can’t count on friends providing you with support or sharing resources with you, and you have to count on yourself much more,” says Amici. “It’s interesting that problem-solving skills appear to be quite an alternative social skills.”
Amici and her colleagues wanted to consider how social groups affect individual animals’ capacity for innovation. They decided to concentrate on hoofed animals which live in widely varied social group structures and include both wild and domesticated species.
The team worked with 1111 hoofed animals from 13 species, all living in zoos in Spain, France and Germany. The researchers observed each animal every 15 minutes for several days to determine how well it was integrated into the group. Then, the team placed a set of covered cups, filled with whatever food each species particularly liked, in the enclosure (围场) with the animals. Video cameras recorded their behaviour without humans present.
Regardless of species, it was the less socially integrated individuals that were most successful at figuring out how to open the lids to get to the food inside the cups. It is possible that because these animals get left out of the group, they are motivated to find other ways to get food and other resources on their own, says Amici. Another possibility is that these individuals aren’t necessarily rejected by their social group. Rather, they choose to be alone because they figure things out on their own.
Whether the findings apply to humans and other species is unclear. “It’s tempting to see a parallel with humans,” says Amici. “Individuals with high problem-solving skills may not be the most socially skilled people.”
12. What can we learn about the less integrated hoofed animals?
A. They can find shelter effortlessly. B. They possess alternative social skills.
C. They rely on friends to solve problems. D. They have to find resources independently.
13. How did the researchers assess the social integration of hoofed animals?
A. By measuring their intelligence. B. By monitoring their interactions.
C. By analyzing their food preferences. D. By observing their hunting strategies.
14. What does the underlined phrase “see a parallel with” in the last paragraph probably mean?
A. Keep an eye on. B. Lend a hand to.
C. Discover a similarity with. D. Form a partnership with.
15. What is a suitable title for this text?
A. The Puzzle-Solving Abilities of Hoofed Animals
B. The Innovation of Social Skills in Hoofed Animals
C. Solving Puzzles: The Key to Social Success in Hoofed Animals
D. The Unsociable Advantage: Problem Solving in Hoofed Animals
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本篇为说明文。文章介绍了一个关于有蹄类动物的研究。研究发现，社交关系较少的个体在寻找新方法解决问题方面更成功。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“These individuals might be forced to find food, shelter and other needs on their own without group help, thus fuelling innovation, says Federica Amici at the University of Lipzig in Germany.(德国利普锡大学的Federica Amici说，这些动物可能被迫在没有团体帮助的情况下自己寻找食物、住所和其他需求，从而推动了创新)”可知，那些不太完整的有蹄类动物必须独立寻找资源。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“The researchers observed each animal every 15 minutes for several days to determine how well it was integrated into the group.(研究人员连续几天每隔15分钟观察一只动物，以确定它融入群体程度)”可知，研究员们是通过长时间定期观察这些动物相处来判断它们是否能很好融入集体中。故选B。
【14题详解】
词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段“Regardless of species, it was the less socially integrated individuals that were most successful at figuring out how to open the lids to get to the food inside the cups.(无论哪种物种，社会融合程度较低的个体最能成功地弄清楚如何打开盖子拿到杯子里的食物)”可知，实验的结论是——在有蹄类动物中，社交关系较少的个体在寻找新方法解决问题方面更成功。而最后一段“Individuals with high problem-solving skills may not be the most socially skilled people.(解决问题能力强的人可能不是最擅长社交的人)”说明Amici认为很有可能人类群体中更擅长解决问题的人可能并不是最擅长社交的人。Amici通过对有蹄类群体的研究猜测人类群体中也可能有同样的现象，这种行为是在挖掘两者的相似性。故划线词意思是“发现有相似性”。故选C。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Sheep, camels, goats and other hoofed (有蹄类) animals are better at figuring out solutions to puzzles when they are less integrated into social groups.(绵羊、骆驼、山羊和其他有蹄动物在较少融入社会群体的情况下，更善于解决难题)”可知，文章的主旨是研究发现有蹄类动物中，社交关系较少的个体在寻找新方法解决问题方面更成功。而D选项的意思是“不合群的好处：有蹄类动物解决问题的能力”最符合文章标题。故选D。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Awe (敬畏) is that feeling we get when something is so vast that it stops us in our tracks. Often, it expands our thinking, increases positive emotions and brings overall satisfaction in life. ____16____
Most of us associate awe with something rare and beautiful: nature, music or a spiritual experience. But people can trigger awe too, and not just famous people, such as athletes or astronauts. ____17____ Psychologists call this interpersonal awe.
Often, this interpersonal awe is a response to life’s big, sweeping charges, such as witnessing a baby’s first steps. For Lynn Heady, a retired educator, it’s watching a friend fight cancer and still embrace life. ____18____ John Bargh, a psychologist and professor, said he was truly awestruck by his then-5-year-old daughter. When she heard another child crying, she grabbed her toy, walked over toyer toy, walked over to the boy and handed it to him.
____19____But we can prepare ourselves to notice it when they do and take steps to boost the emotion’s positive effects. Here’s how:
Blurting (脱口而出) out “Wow, that was awesome!” is a simple way to help you identify and remember a special experience. ____20____ Another way is to thank the person who awed you. This makes the other person feel good and can give your relationship a boost. And it helps you too: Studies show that people who practice gratitude have significantly higher levels of happiness than those who don’t.
A. Below are some useful tips.
B. This will enhance your positive emotions.
C. But interpersonal awe happens in smaller moments, too.
D. An awe experience can make us feel small in the vast universe.
E. We can be awed by our nearest and dearest-the people around us.
F. Unfortunately, we can’t make someone else behave in a way that’s awesome.
G. It can also help our relationships, making us more understanding and supportive.
【答案】16. G 17. E 18. C 19. F 20. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍人与人关系中的敬畏之心。
【16题详解】
根据前句“Often, it expands our thinking, increases positive emotions and brings overall satisfaction in life.(通常，它扩展了我们的思维，增加了积极的情绪，给生活带来了全面的满足感)”可知，这里陈述敬畏的好处，所以后句继续介绍其有利之处。所以选择项G“It can also help our relationships, making us more understanding and supportive.(它还可以帮助我们的人际关系，使我们更加理解和支持)”符合上下文语境。故选G。
【17题详解】
根据前句“But people can trigger awe too, and not just famous people, such as athletes or astronauts.(但人们也可以引发敬畏，不仅仅是名人，比如运动员或宇航员)”可知，不仅仅是名人能引发敬畏之心，我们可以对身边最亲近的人感到敬畏。所以选择项E“We can be awed by our nearest and dearest-the people around us.(我们可以对我们身边最亲近的人感到敬畏)”符合上下文语境。故选E。
【18题详解】
根据下文“John Bargh, a psychologist and professor, said he was truly awestruck by his then-5-year-old daughter. When she heard another child crying, she grabbed her toy, walked over toyer toy, walked over to the boy and handed it to him.(心理学家兼教授约翰·巴格说，他当时5岁的女儿真的让他感到敬畏。当她听到另一个孩子在哭时，她抓起她的玩具，走到她的玩具旁边，走到那个男孩面前，把玩具递给他)”可知，下文中的例子是一个孩子的善举让她的父亲有敬畏感，这表明人与人之间的敬畏发生在更小的时刻，C项内容与前句构成转折关系。所以选择项C“But interpersonal awe happens in smaller moments, too.(但人与人之间的敬畏也发生在更小的时刻)”符合上下文语境。故选C。
【19题详解】
根据后句“But we can prepare ourselves to notice it when they do and take steps to boost the emotion’s positive effects.(但我们可以做好准备，在他们这样做的时候注意到它，并采取措施增强这种情绪的积极影响)”可知，前后句之间为转折关系，虽然我们不能期望别人表现得很好，但我们要善于发现。所以选择项F“Unfortunately, we can’t make someone else behave in a way that’s awesome.(不幸的是，我们不能让别人表现得很好)”符合上下文语境。故选F。
【20题详解】
根据前句“Blurting (脱口而出) out “Wow, that was awesome!” is a simple way to help you identify and remember a special experience.(脱口而出“哇，太棒了！”是一个简单的方法来帮助你识别和记住一个特别的经历)”可知，通过赞美能够增强自己的积极情绪。所以选择项B“This will enhance your positive emotions.(这会增强你的积极情绪)”符合上下文语境。故选B。
第三部分语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was a dream born in fire. Andrea Peterson was 5 when she and her mother were ____21____on the balcony of a burning building.
“Throw the kid down!” said one of the ____22____ below, and little Andrea ____23____ into lifesaving arms and a life-long ____24____:She wanted to fight fires.
She told that to the firemen who had saved her and they ____25____ good-naturedly, the way grownups do when a kid says he wants to be an astronaut or a sports star. “You’ll be a good teacher or maybe nurse, ” the firemen told her. “but you can never be a fireman.”
And then, the obstacles life presented ____26____ her dream. Her husband, Dennis, was diagnosed with cancer. Peterson spent 31 years____27____ Dennis. In 2007. when they both realized Dennis was coming to the ____28____ of his struggle. he was ____29____ but worried about her: “But what are you going to do?”
“I’ll be fine, ” she told him. At 6l, she went on an ambulance ride-along and Peterson felt that _____30_____ childhood calling. She _____31_____her emergency medical technician license and responded to fire calls with the ambulance. She found that her years of caring for Dennis had _____32_____ her for that.
The fact that everyone else in her training unit was between 18 and 21 didn’t _____33_____ her. She passed the tests and her dream became a reality.
Peterson was _____34_____. She knew that the window on her physical abilities wouldn’t stay open forever. _____35_____ , “I did get my dream,”she said.
21. A. hidden B. trapped C. relaxed D. seated
22. A. residents B. onlookers C. firemen D. children
23. A. leaped B. broke C. stole D. turned
24. A. bond B. hobby C. ambition D. career
25. A. escaped B. laughed C. refused D. nodded
26. A. realized B. found C. revealed D. postponed
27. A. tending to B. complaining about C. thinking of D. living with
28. A. peak B. end C. glory D. aim
29. A. at a loss B. at risk C. at a disadvantage D. at peace
30. A. long-ago B. newly-born C. down-to-earth D. heart-broken
31. A. presented B. suspended C. earned D. viewed
32. A. educated B. involved C. pressed D. prepared
33. A. excite B. discourage C. shock D. interest
34. A. realistic B. responsible C. curious D. talented
35. A. Thus B. Instead C. Still D. Soon
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. C 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本篇为记叙文。文章主要记叙了一位妇女勇敢追求自己童年时期理想的故事。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：安德里亚·彼得森和母亲被困在一栋着火的大楼的阳台上时只有5岁。A. hidden隐藏；B. trapped困住；C. relaxed放松；D. seated就坐。根据下文“on the balcony of a burning building(在着火大楼的阳台上)”可知，此处是指“被困在”阳台上，符合语境。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“把孩子放下来！”下面的一名消防队员说，小安德莉亚跳进了救生的怀抱，实现了她一生的理想：她想去灭火。A. residents居民；B. onlookers旁观者；C. firemen D. children。分析句意再根据上文的burning building可知，喊出把孩子扔下来命令的应该是“消防员”，故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. leaped猛冲；B. broke打破；C. stole偷窃；D. turned旋转。根据下文的lifesaving arms可知，小彼得森“跳进”了救生员的怀抱，并“跳进”了一生的梦想。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. bond纽带；B. hobby爱好；C. ambition抱负；D. career事业。根据下文“She wanted to fight fires(她想救火)”可知，这是她的“抱负”。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她把这件事告诉了救了她的消防员，他们善意地笑了起来，就像一个孩子说他想成为宇航员或体育明星时大人们的样子。A. escaped逃跑；B. laughed笑；C. refused拒绝；D. nodded点头。根据空格后的good-naturedly可知，此处指消防员们善意地“笑”了起来。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，生活中的障碍推迟了她的梦想。A. realized意识到；B. found发现；C. revealed透露；D. postponed推迟、延期。根据上文“the obstacles life presented(生活中的障碍)”可知，此处指生活中的障碍“推迟”了她的梦想。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查短语辨析。句意：彼得森花了31年照顾丹尼斯。A. tending to照顾、倾向于；B. complaining about抱怨；C. thinking of考虑D. living with住在一起。根据上文的31 years可知，此处指“照顾”了丹尼斯31年。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在2007年。这时他们俩都意识到丹尼斯的挣扎就要结束了。A. peak巅峰；B. end末尾；C. glory荣耀；D. aim目标。根据下文的struggle可知，此处表示Dennis已到生命的“尽头”。故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查短语辨析。句意：他很平静，但又很担心她：“可是你打算怎么办呢？”A. at a loss不知所措；B. at risk处于危险中；C. at a disadvantage处于劣势；D. at peace平静。根据下文but worried可知，Dennis在生命尽头的时候是“平静的”，但是担心他的妻子。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在她61岁的时候，她去了一辆救护车上，彼得森感觉到了很久以前童年的呼唤。A. long-ago从前的；B. newly-born新生的；C. down-to-earth实际的；D. heart-broken伤心的。分析句意再根据下文childhood calling可知，此处是指“从前的”童年呼唤。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她获得了紧急医疗技术员执照，并驾驶救护车响应火警呼叫。A. presented颁发；B. suspended暂停；C. earned获得、赚得；D. viewed看待。分析句意再根据下文的license可知，此处指“获得”执照。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她发现多年来照顾丹尼斯的经历已经让她做好了准备。A. educated教育；B. involved涉及；C. pressed按压；D. prepared准备。分析句意再根据下文的for可知，此处用固定搭配prepare for表示“做好准备”，符合语境。故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的训练组里其他人都在18岁到21岁之间，但这并没有让她气馁。A. excite使兴奋；B. discourage使泄气；C. shock使震惊；D. interest使感兴趣。根据下文“She passed the tests and her dream became a reality.(她通过了考试，梦想成真了。)”可知，她“没有气馁”，最终通过了考试，故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：彼得森很现实。A. realistic现实的；B. responsible负责的；C. curious好奇的；D. talented有天赋的。根据下文“She knew that the window on her physical abilities wouldn’t stay open forever(她知道她身体能力的窗口不会永远敞开)”可知，彼得森是很“现实的”。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，“我还是实现了我的梦想，”她说。A. Thus因此；B. Instead代替；C. Still尽管如此、仍旧；D. Soon不久。分析句意可知，此处和上文之间是让步关系，所以用副词still表示“尽管如此”。故选C项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A Chinese company says it plans to gather artificial intelligence ____36____ (learn) how humans drive and use the data to develop autonomous driving technology.
Called DriveCPT, the system uses “enhanced learning with human feedback” technology to learn how to drive, according to ____37____ report from China Car News.
While existing semi-autonomous driving systems are guided via set of instructions that the car’s computer system can understand and respond ____38____, this new approach instead observes how cars ____39____ (drive) safely by real people and learns from their actions.
According to the report, DriveGPT is able to navigate difficult scenarios such as U-turns and roundabouts with an increased rate of success of”30 per cent“ compared with other autonomous driving ____40____ (technology).
DriveCPT is the brainchild of Haomo.ai — a company ____41____ (devote) to artificial intelligence, with significant ____42____(finance) backing from Great Wall Motors which says it will have announcements on the technology’s progress during a ____43____ (present) in April 2003.
In January 2023, the company ____44____ (launch) Mana Oasis — the largest autonomous driving computing centre in China, ____45____ it says will allow its technology to self-train using large volumes of data gathered from vehicles while on the road.
【答案】36. to learn
37. a 38. to
39. are driven
40. technologies
41. devoted
42. financial
43. presentation
44. launched
45. which
【解析】
【导语】本篇文章为新闻报道。文章介绍了一家中国公司研发出基于人工智能的DriveGPT系统，用于发展自动驾驶技术。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：一家中国公司称其计划整合人工智能来学习人类如何驾驶，并使用得到的数据发展自动驾驶技术。此处作目的状语，应用不定式to learn。故填to learn。
【37题详解】
考查冠词。句意：根据China Car News的一篇报道，名为DriveGPT的系统使用“人类反馈强化学习”技术来学习如何驾驶。此处泛指“一篇报道”，应用不定冠词，report是以辅音音素开头的词，应用a。故填a。
【38题详解】
考查介词。句意：目前的半自动驾驶系统是由一系列汽车的电脑系统能够理解和响应的指令所指导的，而这一新型方法则是观察真人驾驶的汽车如何被安全驾驶并且从它们的动作中学习。此处是that引导的定语从句，先行词为instructions，应用动词respond与介词to构成词组表示“响应”与instructions搭配。故填to。
【39题详解】
考查动词语态。句意：目前的半自动驾驶系统是由一系列汽车的电脑系统能够理解和响应的指令所指导的，而这一新型方法则是观察真人驾驶的汽车如何被安全驾驶并且从它们的动作中学习。句子陈述目前的事实，应用一般现在时，此处cars与drive之间为动宾关系，应该用被动语态，主语是复数，be动词使用are。故填are driven。
40题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：根据报道，DriveGPT能够应对诸如U型弯和环岛这样困难的情境，成功率相较于其他自动驾驶技术多出“30%”。technology是可数名词，空前有other表示“其他的”，应用名词复数形式。故填technologies。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：DriveGPT的创意来自于毫末智行，这是一家致力于人工智能的公司，背后有着长城汽车的大量资金支持，长城汽车声称将于2023年四月份的一场发布会上宣布该技术的进展。固定搭配be devoted to“致力于”，省略be动词，使用过去分词，作后置定语。故填devoted。
【42题详解】
考查形容词。句意：DriveGPT的创意来自于毫末智行，这是一家致力于人工智能的公司，背后有着长城汽车的大量资金支持，长城汽车声称将于2023年四月份的一场发布会上宣布该技术的进展。此处表示资金支持，应用形容词financial“金融的，财政的”，修饰名词backing。故填financial。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意：DriveGPT的创意来自于毫末智行，这是一家致力于人工智能的公司，背后有着长城汽车的大量资金支持，长城汽车声称将于2023年四月份的一场发布会上宣布该技术的进展。此处作宾语，应用名词presentation“发布会”，由不定冠词a可知，应用名词单数形式。故填presentation。
【44题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：2023年1月，该公司成立了雪湖·绿洲——中国最大的自动驾驶计算中心，并声称这将使其技术能够利用从路面上行驶的车辆中收集的大量数据进行自我训练。根据时间状语In January 2023可知，应用一般过去时。故填launched。
【45题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：2023年1月，该公司成立了雪湖·绿洲——中国最大的自动驾驶计算中心，并声称这将使其技术能够利用从路面上行驶的车辆中收集的大量数据进行自我训练。分析句子可知，空处前句成分完整，后句will前缺少主语，考虑定语从句，先行词应为整个前句，应用which引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
第四部分写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你所在的国际学校准备推行暑期体验社会的实践作业，现征求学生意见请你在学校网页上留言，内容包括：
1. 建议实践活动；
2. 陈述你的理由；
3. 作业提交形式。
注意:
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
—Li Hua
【答案】参考范文
I can’t wait to explore real-world society through a summer social practice project! Could we incorporate community service activities into our experience?
Community service not only allows us to learn about the world beyond the classroom first hand, but also offers us a unique opportunity to develop essential skills like teamwork, leadership, and communication through interacting with different people in diverse settings. We could engage in activities that address issues such as environmental conservation, children’s education, and healthcare.
As for the assignment, I suggest that we submit a written report on our experiences and reflections or create an engaging video diary that captures our journey. I hope my suggestions will be taken into consideration. Thank you for offering this remarkable opportunity!
—Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华，你所在的国际学校准备推行暑期体验社会的实践作业，现征求学生意见请你在学校网页上留言。
详解】1.词汇积累
重要的：essential→vital
提供：offer→provide sb. with sth.
机会：opportunity→chance
参与：engage in→attend
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：Community service not only allows us to learn about the world beyond the classroom first hand, but also offers us a unique opportunity to develop essential skills like teamwork, leadership, and communication through interacting with different people in diverse settings.
拓展句：Not only does community service allow us to learn about the world beyond the classroom first hand, but also it offers us a unique opportunity to develop essential skills like teamwork, leadership, and communication through interacting with different people in diverse settings.
【点睛】[高分句型1] As for the assignment, I suggest that we submit a written report on our experiences and reflections or create an engaging video diary that captures our journey. (运用了that引导宾语从句)
[高分句型2] We could engage in activities that address issues such as environmental conservation, children’s education, and healthcare. (运用了that引导定语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The excited sound of seventh-grade laughter and voices spilled down the hallway as the students filed into the gym. I weaved my way through the mass of people and sat down next to my best friend, Lauren.
“So, what exactly are we doing here?” she questioned.
“Well, according to Mrs. Marks, we’re supposed to be listening to a speech about bullying and peer pressure.”
As soon as the speaker started talking, I snapped to attention. She had this way about her, as if she knew how to reach into our minds and souls and make us think. I though about the kids who came to school every day, despite knowing that they would have to face cruel comment all day long.
One boy, in particular, came to mind. Every day, this boy came to school late, and I suspected it was because he needed to get medicine from the nurse. But this didn’t stop kids in the class from making fun of him. The boy would put his head down on his desk in shame. The worst, though, was when he tried to fight back. His attackers only laughed and continued the cruelty until the entire room was laughing at his expense.
As I sat in the auditorium, absorbing everything the speaker had to say, thots of this poor boy crept into my head.
“Now, before I leave today, I would like to give everyone here an opportunity to say anything he or she wants to on the subject of bullying or peer pressure. You may apologize to a friend, thank someone for his or her kindness, anything, And this is the one time I can promise that no one, will laugh at you.”
The stillness in the room made me believe her. Slowly, I saw a few hands raise tentatively (犹豫地) in the air behind me, One girl wanted to apologize to a friend she had been ignoring recently. Another thanked a boy for his kindness when she slipped on the steps the other day.
注意:1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
It was then that my moment of courage arrived, inspiring me to act.
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Later that day, the boy I had been talking about came up to me privately.
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【答案】参考范文
It was then that my moment of courage arrived, inspiring me to act. With trembling hands and a pounding heart, I rose to my feet and recounted the story of the boy in my class. I described the cruel teasing he endured and our unawareness of his pain. Overwhelmed by emotion, I urged my classmates to put an end to the cruelty. As I finished speaking, a deafening silence enveloped the room. After what seemed like an eternity, soft clapping started in the front of the room, spreading throughout the entire audience. I knew I had touched something deep within us all.
Later that day, the boy I had been talking about came up to me privately. With lowered eyes and flushed cheeks, he expressed his gratitude in a quivering voice. I gave him a bear hug, offering my delayed but heartfelt apologies. From that day on, I noticed that people began to treat him a lot better. The teasing stopped, and people greeted him in the halls with a friendly, “Hi!” It was those little, everyday things that I noticed. And I reckoned it was the speaker’s words of wisdom as well as our courage to change that made a huge difference to the boy and us as well.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者学校的学生一起在体育馆听一个关于欺凌和同伴压力的演讲，作者在听演讲的时候特别想起了一个男孩，他长期受到同学们的嘲笑，演讲快结束时，演讲者说现在有一个机会可以就欺凌或同伴压力这个问题发表自己的看法，可以向朋友道歉，感谢别人的好意，作者看到有的人举起了手。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“就在那时，我的勇气来了，激励我采取行动。”可知，第一段可描写作者讲述那个男孩被嘲笑的事情，并呼吁同学们停止这种行为。
②由第二段首句内容“那天晚些时候，我一直在谈论的那个男孩私下来到我面前。”可知，第二段可描写男孩感谢作者和大家对男孩态度的改变。
2.续写线索：站起来——描述男孩受到的嘲笑——强烈要求同学们停止嘲笑——同学们鼓掌——男孩道谢——同学们改变对男孩的态度——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①站起来：rise to one’s feet/stand up
②强烈要求：urge sb. to do/strongly demand sb. to do
③鼓掌：clapping/applause
情绪类
①痛苦：pain/suffering
②感激：gratitude/thankfulness
【点睛】[高分句型1] After what seemed like an eternity, soft clapping started in the front of the room, spreading throughout the entire audience. (由what引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2] And I reckoned it was the speaker’s words of wisdom as well as our courage to change that made a huge difference to the boy and us as well. (由that引导的宾语从句，省略了that，强调句)
听力答案：1~5：BABCC 6~10：BBAAC 11~15：CACAB 16~20：BACAB