内蒙古赤峰市2021-2022学年高二英语下学期期末试题（Word版附解析）

这是一份内蒙古赤峰市2021-2022学年高二英语下学期期末试题（Word版附解析），共22页。试卷主要包含了15， What des Mr等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2022年赤峰市高二年级学年联考试卷
英语
注意事项：
1.本试卷分Ⅰ卷、Ⅱ卷两部分，满分150分：考试时间：120分钟。
2.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号填写在答题卡上。
3.选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。
听力部分
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
1. Where are the speakers?
A. In a cafe. B. In a library. C. In a classroom.
2. What color of light is showing?
A. Orange. B. Green. C. Red.
3. Who is James?
A. The woman’s brother. B. The woman’s friend. C. The woman’s teacher.
4. What does the man mean?
A. He doesn’t plan to move.
B. He’s looking for an apartment.
C. He was told the dormitory was full.
5. What does the woman suggest the man do?
A. Avoid working at night. B. Get all the parts from Japan. C. Buy a new washing machine.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Good friends. B. Colleagues. C. Classmates.
7. What is the man’s reason for being absent?
A. He was sick. B. His wife was sick. C. He was on vacation.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Where does the conversation take place?
A. At home. B. In a bookstore. C. At school.
9. Why is Sarah sad?
A. Her pet got lost. B. Her work is difficult. C. Her parents have problems.
10. What does Mr. Thompson suggest Sara do?
A. Get a cat. B. Read a book. C. Focus on her lessons.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Teacher and student. B. Husband and wife. C. Strangers.
12. What day does the conversation take place?
A. Friday. B. Saturday. C. Sunday.
13. Where will the speakers go tomorrow?
A. Museum. B. Gyms. C. Shopping center.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. What dishes are there on the menu?
A. Only some a la carte. B. Only some regular. C. Many different.
15. What does the man have?
A. Some a la carte. B. A regular dinner. C. Some chicken dishes.
16. What does the woman recommend?
A. The roast beef. B. The salad: C. The dessert.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What program will follow the weather report?
A. A music program. B. Some traffic news. C. An interview with Britney Spears.
18. What does the speaker advise drivers to do?
A Take umbrellas with them.
B. Drive carefully and slowly.
C. Visit the Tokyo Tower tonight.
19. What will the weather be like this weekend?
A. Rainy. B. Cloudy. C. Sunny.
20. Where will the speaker probably go this weekend?
A. The radio station. B. The park. C. The Tokyo Tower.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Road to Hana Tours
The famous roadway along Maui’s North Shore provides fantastic views for travelers who enjoy the beauty of nature.
Road to Hana Day Trip
You will enjoy beautiful beaches, quiet coastline, and towering waterfalls as you drive your way across the Kalepa Bridge, where the highway continues to Kipahulu on the Piilani Highway. This journey through the narrow highway consists of 59 bridges and over 600 turnings taking travelers in and out of rainforests and tropical plants.
Hana Grand Tour
During this 6-hour adventure, you can sit back and relax inside your bus on the way to Hana, stopping at Hana Tropical Gardens and at wonderful waterfalls, where you’ll have time to swim. You’ll also enjoy a beachside lunch before eventually boarding a helicopter for a thrilling 36-minute flight above Haleakala Crater and the island’s rough coast. This grand small-group trip to Hana also includes a professional guide.
Rainforest Hiking Adventure
Experience the green beauty of East Maui on this rainforest hike with an informative local guide. Learn about the Maui’s ecosystems, be impressed at magical waterfalls, climb rock formations, and leap into the fresh water pools below for a refreshing swim. Enjoy a delicious, healthy lunch along the way — it’s included in the tour price.
Jungle Adventure on Maui
This personalized experience is great for nature lovers. You can visit multiple beautiful waterfalls, with a local tour guide. There are chances for safe cliff jumping, or choose to swim, or simply admire the magic of the falls. If the group is 4 people or more, this will be a private tour for your family only.
1 Which is the best choice for those who love self-driving tours?
A. Road to Hana Day Trip. B. Hana Grand Tour.
C. Rainforest Hiking Adventure. D. Jungle Adventure on Maui.
2. What do we know about Hana Grand Tour?
A. It lasts a whole day. B. It includes a local guide.
C. It provides a flight experience. D. It offers a free wonderful lunch
3. What can you do in all the four tours?
A. See waterfalls. B. Enjoy swimming.
C. Walk in rainforests. D. Climb rock formations
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个游览Hana的旅游项目。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“You will enjoy beautiful beaches, quiet coastline, and towering waterfalls as you drive your way across the Kalepa Bridge, where the highway continues to Kipahulu on the Piilani Highway. This journey through the narrow highway consists of 59 bridges and over 600 turnings taking travelers in and out of rainforests and tropical plants.(当你开车穿过Kalepa桥时，你会享受到美丽的海滩、宁静的海岸线和高耸的瀑布，在这里，高速公路继续沿着Piilani高速公路延伸到基帕鲁。这段穿越狭窄公路的旅程由59座桥和600多个转弯处组成，让游客进出热带雨林和热带植物)”可知，对于喜欢自驾游的人来说，Road to Hana Day Trip是最好的选择。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“You’ll also enjoy a beachside lunch before eventually boarding a helicopter for a thrilling 36-minute flight above Haleakala Crater and the island’s rough coast.(你还将享受一顿海滨午餐，然后登上直升机，在哈雷阿卡拉火山口和岛上崎岖的海岸上空进行36分钟的惊险飞行)”可知，Hana Grand Tour提供飞行体验。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“You will enjoy beautiful beaches, quiet coastline, and towering waterfalls as you drive your way across the Kalepa Bridge, where the highway continues to Kipahulu on the Piilani Highway.(当你开车穿过Kalepa桥时，你会享受到美丽的海滩、宁静的海岸线和高耸的瀑布，在这里，高速公路继续沿着Piilani高速公路延伸到基帕鲁)”；第三段中“During this 6-hour adventure, you can sit back and relax inside your bus on the way to Hana, stopping at Hana Tropical Gardens and at wonderful waterfalls, where you’ll have time to swim. (在这6个小时的冒险旅程中，您可以在前往哈纳的巴士内坐下来放松，在哈纳热带花园和美妙的瀑布前停下来，在那里您将有时间游泳)”；第四段中“Learn about the Maui’s ecosystems, be impressed at magical waterfalls, climb rock formations, and leap into the fresh water pools below for a refreshing swim. (了解毛伊岛的生态系统，对神奇的瀑布印象深刻，攀爬岩层，跳进下面的淡水池进行清新的游泳)”以及最后一段中“You can visit multiple beautiful waterfalls, with a local tour guide. (在当地导游的带领下，你可以游览多个美丽的瀑布)”。可知，四次旅行中都能看瀑布。故选A。
B
The St. Louis soldier, Todd Nicely joined the navy in 2007, and was severely injured—lost his arms and legs and his life was almost taken away while serving abroad in 2010.
“I didn’t want to put my guys through anything that I wouldn’t want to do, so a lot of the times I was in the front,” he told the news while remembering the incident that changed his life. Over the past decade, Nicely has learned to adjust to the world with amputated arms and legs, a way of life that recently became a bit easier thanks to the addition of a service dog.
CHAMP Assistance Dogs in St. Louis, Missouri, gifted Nicely with a service dog named Hugo this season. The non-profit’s task focuses on connecting service dogs to people with disabilities who need them. Hugo is trained to assist Nicely with his day-to-day tasks, small gestures that add up to significant changes for the man.
“Nearly 12 years later, Hugo is pam of the family. Having him here to pick things up that I drop is kind of a blessing. It makes my quality of life a lot better,” Nicely told KMOV News 4.
This improved quality of life is what CHAMP works hard to provide for soldiers and other individuals who benefit from the support of a service dog. “Hugo is making a difference in Todd’s life. It is a wonderful feeling for all of us, and we are on top of the world in seeing someone become more independent because a dog is there to help them,” Pam Budke, CHAMP Assistance Dogs’ director, shared with KMOV News 4.
Nicely hopes that Hugo helps other soldiers by showing them it’s important to seek assistance when you need help. “You are supposed to be this tough man. Now, all of a sudden, you’re asking for help. It’s like, ‘am I weak?’ ‘No’,” Nicely said. “It doesn’t make you weak. It actually makes you stronger to ask for help,” he added.
4. Which of the following can describe Todd Nicely best in army service?
A. Lucky. B. Clever. C. Considerate. D. Well-educated.
5. What is the purpose of CHAMP Assistance Dogs?
A. To send homeless dogs to people. B. To help people train service dogs.
C. To make the disabled adjust to the world. D. To create a bond between the disabled and service dogs.
6. What does the underlined phrase “on top of the world” in Paragraph 5 mean?
A. Ashamed. B. Astonished. C. Delighted. D. Embarrassed.
7. What can be inferred about the soldiers from the last paragraph?
A. They seldom ask for help. B. They like being tough to others.
C. They love dogs more than anyone else. D. They need to show their weakness sometimes.
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. C 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了CHAMP援助犬组织通过为像Todd Nicely这样的残疾人提供服务犬来帮助他们。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中““I didn’t want to put my guys through anything that I wouldn’t want to do, so a lot of the times I was in the front,” he told the news while remembering the incident that changed his life.(“我不想让我的队员们经历任何我不想做的事情，所以很多时候我都在前线，”他在回忆起那个改变了他一生的事件时说)”可推知，Todd Nicely在军队服役时很体贴他人。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“The non-profit’s task focuses on connecting service dogs to people with disabilities who need them.(该非营利组织的任务主要是将服务犬与需要它们的残疾人联系起来)”可知，CHAMP援助犬的目的是在残疾人和服务犬之间建立纽带。故选D。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词后文“in seeing someone become more independent because a dog is there to help them”可知，看到有人因为有狗在那里帮助他们而变得更加独立，CHAMP援助犬的主任感到非常高兴，故画线词意思是“高兴的”。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Nicely hopes that Hugo helps other soldiers by showing them it’s important to seek assistance when you need help. “You are supposed to be this tough man. Now, all of a sudden, you’re asking for help. It’s like, ‘am I weak?’ ‘No’,” Nicely said. “It doesn’t make you weak. It actually makes you stronger to ask for help,” he added.(Nicely希望雨果能帮助其他士兵，告诉他们当你需要帮助的时候寻求帮助是很重要的。“你应该是个坚强的人。现在，突然之间，你开始寻求帮助了。就像，‘我弱吗？’‘并不弱’，”奈斯利说。“这不会让你变得软弱。它实际上会让你更坚强地寻求帮助，”他补充道)”可推知，士兵很少寻求帮助。故选A。
C
Carbon labels can be effective in changing company as well as consumer behavior, as companies adjust their carbon footprint with the two goals of increased efficiency and improved reputation, according to a newly published research by Climate Change Research Network.
The research was published in the journal Nature Climate Change. The analysis outlines the potential effects of carbon labeling — a practice that is receiving attention as companies try hard to figure out how to engage in sustainable practices.
While international and national government efforts at controlling climate change have had limited success in the past year, carbon labeling can be done by the private part. It can also support the development of government measures, such as border allowances and carbon taxes.
Many carbon labels are similar to nutritional and ingredient (成分) information on grocery items. Carbon labels, however, estimate a product’s carbon emissions (排放) from its creation to its end. Some labels provide a simple stoplight-type signal about how a product compares to others. Other labels provide an equal greenhouse gas emissions number, detailing how much carbon went into the creation, transportation, use and end of a product. Some labels include both. Consumers can learn how many grams or kilograms of carbon they use when purchasing anything from a bag of chips to a new truck.
Existing literature on carbon labels has focused on how the practice limits consumers’ carbon emissions. The research, however, reveals that businesses often respond to labeling programs by reducing their carbon footprint, possibly because calculating carbon footprints helps them identify efficiencies — and because the disclosure (公开) can affect company reputation.
The study addresses key challenges for carbon labels, such as setting uniform standards, collecting accurate data and designing labels for a global range of products and industries. The research team also provides recommendations on how to institute carbon labels as a common practice in society.
Carbon labels are an important and practical way to reduce carbon emissions. They can lead companies to reduce carbon emissions even if consumer responses to the labels are not strong. As a result, carbon labels should be designed to affect not only retail consumer behavior but also the behavior of company managers.
8. In what aspect does carbon labeling affect a business?
A. Production. B. Management. C. Fame. D. Strategy.
9. What is the fourth paragraph mainly about?
A. What carbon labels actually mean. B. What carbon labels look like.
C. How carbon labels are designed. D. How carbon labels benefit people.
10. How can carbon labels change consumer behavior related to carbon?
A. They have consumers pay extra for certain goods.
B. They inform consumers of carbon amount they use.
C. They restrict the carbon footprint of consumers.
D. They have a positive effect on consumer reputation.
11. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. Carbon Labeling Benefits More than Companies
B. An Effective Way to Change Company Behavior
C. How to Measure Consumers’ Carbon Footprint
D. Carbon Labels Aid in Fighting Climate Change
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍碳标签的含义及一项相关研究，研究表明，碳标签可以有效地改变公司和消费者的行为。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Carbon labels can be effective in changing company as well as consumer behavior, as companies adjust their carbon footprint with the two goals of increased efficiency and improved reputation, according to a newly published research by Climate Change Research Network.”（根据气候变化研究网络最新发布的一项研究，碳标签可以有效地改变公司和消费者的行为，因为公司以提高效率和声誉为目标调整自己的碳足迹。）可知，使用碳标签，公司会调整碳足迹以提高声誉，说明碳标签会影响企业的声誉。故选C项。
【9题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段，尤其是前两句“Many carbon labels are similar to nutritional and ingredient (成分) information on grocery items. Carbon labels, however, estimate a product’s carbon emissions (排放) from its creation to its end.”（许多碳标签与食品杂货上的营养成分信息类似，不过碳标签是对产品在整个生命周期内的碳排放量的估量。）可知，第四段介绍了碳标签的含义，即对产品在整个生命周期内的碳排放量的估量。故选A项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段的最后一句“Consumers can learn how many grams or kilograms of carbon they use when purchasing anything from a bag of chips to a new truck.”（从一袋薯片到一辆新卡车，消费者可以了解他们在购买任何东西时使用了多少克或多少千克的碳。）可知，碳标签改变消费者行为体现在，消费者可以通过碳标签了解自己使用了多少碳。故选B项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。结合全文，尤其是最后一段“Carbon labels are an important and practical way to reduce carbon emissions. They can lead companies to reduce carbon emissions even if consumer responses to the labels are not strong. As a result, carbon labels should be designed to affect not only retail consumer behavior but also the behavior of company managers.”（碳标签是减少碳排放的一种重要而实用的方法。即使消费者对碳标签的反应不强烈，碳标签也可以引导公司减少碳排放。因此，碳标签的设计不仅要影响零售消费者的行为，还要影响公司经理的行为。）可知，碳标签有利于减少碳排放，从而有利于应对气候变化。所以D项“碳标签有助于应对气候变化”最适合作为本文标题。故选D项。
D
While researchers have recently created soft and flexible robots, they still contain hard electric power and control systems. Now, thanks to a team led by Harvard University professors, Robert Wood and Jennifer A. Lewis, there is finally a breakthrough. The adorable autonomous octobot that stands a mere 2 cm tall has no rigid parts, enabling it to squeeze through the tiniest of spaces, just like octopuses(章鱼).
The octobot, which is mainly made of rubber, is fueled by a mixture of hydrogen peroxide and water. The liquid that is pumped into the robot’s body through a series of 3-D printed chambers(室) reacts with the spots of platinum(铂) that are planted within the octobot and forms water and oxygen. The released gas builds up the pressure in the controller and the chambers in the robot’s arms, causing them to move.
The researchers, who introduced the revolutionary robot in the scientific journal Nature, say that octobot is currently just a proof of concept and not ready for the real world. That’s because the liquid battery only provides power for about eight minutes. Additionally, it lacks controls and therefore cannot be directed in any direction. The team hopes to solve the issues in their next version of the soft robot, which will be able to move, swim, and sense objects in the environment.
Wood believes that the octobot’s easy-to-build design, low cost, and the fact that its fuel ability can be increased will encourage other scientists and roboticists to create more complex designs. The researchers say, “Although soft robotics is still in its beginning stage, it holds great potential for several applications, such as servicing, and inspecting machinery, search-and-rescue operations, and exploration.” Given how adorable they are, we agree with that statement.
12. What is the main characteristic of the octobot compared to the former robots?
A. Shape. B. Flexibility. C. Driving pattern. D. Production cost.
13. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?
A. The octobot’s movement principle. B. The octobot’s building materials.
C. The octobot’s living habits. D. The octobot’s future market.
14. Why do the researchers say the octobot is just a concept?
A. It is perfect in control system. B. It is still in the step of theoretical research.
C. It is useless in real situations. D. It needs a more powerful battery.
15. What are the researchers’ opinions about soft robots?
A. They are universal. B. They are impractical.
C. They are unprofitable. D. They are promising.
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. D 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。研究人员最近创造出了柔软而灵活章鱼机器人，介绍了它的移动原理和目前存在的问题，并说明了将来的改进方向。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第一段最后一句“The adorable autonomous octobot that stands a mere 2 cm tall has no rigid parts, enabling it to squeeze through the tiniest of spaces, just like octopuses.(这个可爱的自主章鱼机器人只有2厘米高，没有坚硬的部分，使它能够像章鱼一样挤过最微小的空间。)”可知，这个可爱的自主章鱼机器人只有2厘米高，没有坚硬的部分，使它能够像章鱼一样挤过最微小的空间。说明它的灵活性提高了。故选B项。
【13题详解】
主旨大意题。通读文章二段“The octobot, which is mainly made of rubber, is fueled by a mixture of hydrogen peroxide and water. The liquid that is pumped into the robot’s body through a series of 3-D printed chambers reacts with the spots of platinum that are planted within the octobot and forms water and oxygen. The released gas builds up the pressure in the controller and the chambers in the robot’s arms, causing them to move. (章鱼机器人主要由橡胶制成，由过氧化氢和水的混合物提供燃料。通过一系列3d打印的腔体泵入机器人体内的液体与植入机器人体内的铂斑发生反应，形成水和氧气。释放出来的气体在控制器和机器人手臂上的腔室中形成压力，使它们移动。)”可知，第二段主要讲了章鱼机器人的移动原理。故选A项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。由文章三段“That’s because the liquid battery only provides power for about eight minutes. (这是因为液体电池只能提供大约8分钟的电力。)”可知，液体电池只能提供大约8分钟的电力，它需要一个更强大的电池，因此它只是一个概念。故选D项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。由文章最后一段“Although soft robotics is still in its beginning stage, it holds great potential for several applications, such as servicing, and inspecting machinery, search-and-rescue operations, and exploration. (虽然软机器人技术仍处于起步阶段，但它在一些应用方面具有很大的潜力，例如服务和检查机械、搜索和救援行动以及探索。)”可知，研究人员认为软机器人的前途十分光明。故选D项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Growing Fruit Trees in the Home Garden
An old proverb says, “The best time to plant a tree is twenty years ago. The second-best time is now.” I think this little pearl of wisdom is especially true when it comes to fruit trees. ___16___. They can be expensive and there’s always so much else to do. It’s also easy to twist one’s logic: “It might be seven years before I’d get fruit, so why bother?” But guess what. You’ll be waiting a whole lot longer if you never plant those trees. Here’s my advice for selecting and growing fruit trees.
___17___
Learn about hole depth and width, watering needs, pruning requirements. There’s plenty to learn. If your tree doesn’t come with these instructions, search the internet. Just be sure your sources are reliable. ___18___. Most nurseries ship based on appropriate planting time for your area; however, if you’re buying locally, you need to learn all you can about favorable planting conditions.
Protect your trees
A young tree’s bark is especially susceptible to damage, yet it’s appealing to hungry deer. ___19___. You can purchase netting, tubing, or paper or burlap wrap. Or you can be creative and make your own tree guard. Just be sure not to constrict the tree’s trunk by wrapping too tightly. Nothing is more disappointing than discovering that just before your fruit fully ripened, something got to it before you did, so do remember to protect your fruits.
Be attentive
Fruit trees crave attention, some more than others. Again, research is crucial to see how much care specific trees require. All of them need mulching, pruning, fertilizing, and regular and frequent watering. ___20___. Rigorous fall clean-up is essential.
What rewards your family will reap if you add fruit trees to your garden. There’s no time like the present to get started. Just do it.
A. Don’t put it off
B. Do your research
C. It’s too easy to put off buying and planting trees
D. Be safe and use some kind of tree wrap or guard
E. You also must be diligent in protecting your trees from pests and diseases
F. Check with your local agricultural extension service
G. It’s also important to know the best time to plant
【答案】16. C 17. B 18. G 19. D 20. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就种植和护理果树进行了一些说明。
【16题详解】
根据上文“An old proverb says, “The best time to plant a tree is twenty years ago. The second-best time is now.” I think this little pearl of wisdom is especially true when it comes to fruit trees.(一句古老的谚语说：“种树的最好时间是20年前。其次是现在。”我认为这一智慧尤其适用于果树)”以及后文“They can be expensive and there’s always so much else to do. It’s also easy to twist one’s logic: “It might be seven years before I’d get fruit, so why bother?” But guess what. You’ll be waiting a whole lot longer if you never plant those trees.(它们可能很贵，而且总是有很多其他的事情可以做。一个人的逻辑也很容易被扭曲：“我可能要等七年才能吃到水果，所以为什么要自找麻烦呢？”但你猜怎么着。如果你不种那些树，你会等得更久)”可知，本句与后文并列都是在说明种树的麻烦之处，故C选项“买树和种树太容易推迟了”符合语境，故选C。
【17题详解】
根据后文“Learn about hole depth and width, watering needs, pruning requirements. There’s plenty to learn. If your tree doesn’t come with these instructions, search the internet. Just be sure your sources are reliable.(了解洞深度和宽度，浇水的需要，修剪的要求。有很多东西要学。如果你的圣诞树上没有这些说明，可以上网搜索一下。只是要确保你的消息来源是可靠的)”可知，后文提到了了解洞的深度和宽度，浇水的需要，修剪的要求，以及要在网上搜索，可见是做好调查研究工作。故B选项“做好调查研究”符合语境，故选B。
【18题详解】
根据后文“Most nurseries ship based on appropriate planting time for your area; however, if you’re buying locally, you need to learn all you can about favorable planting conditions.(大多数苗圃基于您的地区的适当种植时间：然而，如果你在当地购买，你需要尽可能了解有利的种植条件)”可知，本句是对最佳种植时间的重要性进行说明。故G选项“知道最佳种植时间也很重要”符合语境，故选G。
【19题详解】
根据上文“A young tree’s bark is especially susceptible to damage, yet it’s appealing to hungry deer.(幼树的树皮特别容易受到伤害，但对饥饿的鹿却很有吸引力)”可知，本句应承接上文说明如何保护树木：使用一些树木包裹物或防护物。故D选项“为了安全起见，使用一些树木包裹物或防护物”符合语境，故选D。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Fruit trees crave attention, some more than others. Again, research is crucial to see how much care specific trees require. All of them need mulching, pruning, fertilizing, and regular and frequent watering.(果树渴望关注，有些果树比其他果树更渴望关注。同样，研究对于了解特定树木需要多少护理是至关重要的。它们都需要覆盖、修剪、施肥和经常浇水)”可知，本段主要是关于如何护理果树的说明，故E选项“你还必须勤奋地保护你的树木不受病虫害的侵害”符合语境，故选E。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A nurse took a tired serviceman to the bedside. “Your son is here,” she said to the old man. She had to ___21___ the words several times before the patient’s eyes opened. ___22___ sedated(服镇静剂) because of the pain of his heart attack, he couldn’t see ___23___ the young uniformed Marine outside the oxygen tent. He ___24___ his hand. The Marine ___25___ his toughened fingers around the old man’s ___26___ ones, squeezing a message of love and encouragement.
All night the young Marine sat in the poorly lighted ward, holding the old man’s hand and ___27___ him words of love and ___28___. The nurse suggested·___29___ that the Marine rest a while but he refused. Whenever the nurse came into the ward, the Marine was ___30___ of her. Now and then she heard him say a few ___31___ words. The dying man said nothing, only held ___32___ to his son all through the night. Along towards ___33___, the old man died. The Marine ___34___ the lifeless hand he had been holding and went to tell the nurse.
She started to offer words of ___35___, but the Marine interrupted her.
“Who was that man?” he asked. The nurse was slightly ___36___.
“He was your father,” she answered.
“No, he wasn’t,” the Marine replied. “I never saw him before in my life.”
“Then why didn’t you say something when I took you to him?”
“I knew immediately there had been a ___37___, but I also knew he needed his son, and his son just wasn’t here. When I ___38___ that he was too sick to tell whether or not I was his son, knowing how much he needed me, I ___39___.” Indeed, what the Marine did ___40___ the identity of “son” to some extent.
21. A. say B. repeat C. tell D. consider
22. A. Slightly B. Little C. Heavily D. Properly
23. A. coldly B. carefully C. emotionally D. clearly
24. A. froze B. cast C. waved D. extended
25. A. reached B. held C. shook D. wrapped
26. A. smooth B. dirty C. rough D. weak
27. A. pouring B. delivering C. sending D. offering
28. A. strength B. patience C. pity D. passion
29. A. occasionally B. regularly C. secretly D. happily
30. A. afraid B. tired C. unaware D. conscious
31. A. wonderful B. hard C. gentle D. sharp
32. A. loosely B. cautiously C. tightly D. sadly
33. A. midnight B. dawn C. afternoon D. dusk
34. A. escaped B. released C. threw D. put
35. A. sympathy B. farewell C. sadness D. happiness
36. A. angry B. shocked C. annoyed D. relieved
37. A. mistake B. coincidence C. mystery D. death
38. A. observed B. realized C. saw D. guessed
39. A. stayed B. hesitated C. completed D. appeared
40. A. earned B. missed C. hated D. deserved
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 24. D 25. D 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. A 30. C 31. C 32. C 33. B 34. B 35. A 36. B 37. A 38. B 39. A 40. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一名海军陆战队员陪伴一位素不相识的老人度过生命最后时光的故事。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她重复了几次，病人才睁开眼睛。A. say说；B. repeat重复；C. tell告诉；D. consider考虑。根据后文“the words several times before the patient’s eyes opened”指护士重复说了几次，故选B。
【22题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：由于心脏病发作带来的疼痛，他注射了大量镇静剂，无法清楚地看到氧气帐篷外身穿制服的年轻海军陆战队员。A. Slightly稍微；B. Little一点；C. Heavily大量地，沉重地；D. Properly合适地。根据后文“sedated because of the pain of his heart attack”可知，由于心脏病发作带来的疼痛，他注射了大量镇静剂，故选C。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：由于心脏病发作带来的疼痛，他注射了大量镇静剂，无法清楚地看到氧气帐篷外身穿制服的年轻海军陆战队员。A. coldly冷淡地；B. carefully仔细地；C. emotionally感情上；D. clearly清楚地。根据上文“couldn’t see”指老人因为注射了大量镇静剂，无法清楚地看到氧气帐篷外身穿制服的年轻海军陆战队员。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析句意：他伸出手。A. froze冻结；B. cast投掷；C. waved挥动；D. extended伸出，扩展。根据后文“The Marine _____his toughened fingers around the old man’s ______ones, squeezing a message of love and encouragement.”指伸出手，应用extend。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位海军陆战队员用他坚强的手指握着着老人粗糙的手指，传递出爱和鼓励的信息。A. reached到达；B. held握住；C. shook摇晃；D. wrapped包裹，握着。根据后文“his toughened fingers around the old man’s”指海军陆战队员用他坚强的手指握着着老人粗糙的手指，故选D。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这位海军陆战队员用他坚强的手指握着老人粗糙的手指，传递出爱和鼓励的信息。A. smooth顺利的；B. dirty脏的；C. rough粗糙的；D. weak虚弱的。结合常识，老人的手应当是粗糙的，rough符合语境。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：年轻的海军陆战队员整夜坐在灯光昏暗的病房里，握着老人的手，对他说着充满爱和力量的话语。A. pouring倾泻；B. delivering递送；C. sending发送；D. offering提供。根据后文“him words of love and”可知年轻人对老人说着充满爱和力量的话语。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：年轻的海军陆战队员整夜坐在灯光昏暗的病房里，握着老人的手，对他说着充满爱和力量的话语。A. strength力量；B. patience耐心；C. pity遗憾；D. passion激情。根据上文“him words of love and”可知，年轻人对老人说着充满爱和力量的话语。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：护士偶尔建议海军陆战队员休息一会儿，但他拒绝了。A. occasionally偶尔；B. regularly定期地；C. secretly秘密地；D. happily快乐地。根据后文“that the Marine rest a while but he refused”可知，护士偶尔建议海军陆战队员休息一会儿，但他拒绝了。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每当护士走进病房，海军陆战队员都没注意到她。A. afraid害怕的；B. tired疲惫的；C. unaware无意识的；D. conscious有意识的。海军陆战队员专心陪伴老人，所以每当护士走进病房，海军陆战队员都没注意到她。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她不时听到他说几句温柔的话。A. wonderful极好的；B. hard努力的；C. gentle温和的；D. sharp尖锐的。呼应上文“him words of love and”可知年轻人对老人温柔说话。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：这个垂死的人什么也没说，只是整晚紧紧地握着他的儿子的手。A. loosely松散地；B. cautiously谨慎地；C. tightly牢固地；D. sadly悲伤地。根据上文“only held”指老人整晚紧紧地握着他的儿子的手。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：黎明时分，老人去世了。A. midnight午夜；B. dawn黎明；C. afternoon下午；D. dusk黄昏。根据上文“all through the night”可知老人在黎明时分去世。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：陆战队员松开一直握着的那只毫无生气的手，去告诉护士。A. escaped逃走；B. released释放；C. threw扔；D. put放。根据后文“the lifeless hand”指松开老人的手。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她开始说一些同情的话，但海军陆战队打断了她。A. sympathy同情；B. farewell告别；C. sadness悲伤；D. happiness幸福。根据上文“the old man died”可知老人去世，护士对年轻人说一些表示同情的话。故选A。
【36题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：护士有点震惊。A. angry生气的；B. shocked震惊的；C. annoyed恼怒的；D. relieved放心的。结合上文““Who was that man?” he asked.”可知年轻人不认识老人，护士对此震惊。故选B。
【37题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我立刻就知道出了什么差错，但我也知道他需要他的儿子，而他的儿子却不在这里。A. mistake错误；B. coincidence巧合；C. mystery秘密；D. death死亡。根据上文“I never saw him before in my life.”可知是护士搞错了，故选A。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我意识到他病得无法判断我是不是他的儿子时，我知道他是多么需要我，我留下了。A. observed观察；B. realized意识到；C. saw看见；D. guessed猜测。根据后文“that he was too sick to tell whether or not I was his son, knowing how much he needed me”可知，年轻人看到老人的情况，意识到老人病得认不清人了。故选B。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我意识到他病得无法判断我是不是他的儿子时，我知道他是多么需要我，我留下了。A. stayed停留；B. hesitated犹豫；C. completed完成；D. appeared出现。根据上文“knowing how much he needed me, I”可知年轻人知道老人需要自己，于是留下了。故选A。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：的确，海军陆战队的士兵所作所为在某种程度上配得上“儿子”的身份。A. earned赚得；B. missed错过；C. hated讨厌；D. deserved值得。根据上文海军陆战队员的做作所为以及后文“the identity of “son””指配得上儿子的身份。故选D。
第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The USA is known for its high consumption of meats, including chicken, pork and lamb, potatoes, green vegetables and sweet breads also feature heavily in American cuisine.
Due to immigration to America from a wide range of different cultures, American cuisine is also a product of ___41___ (diverse). Apple pie is the classic American dessert, so that it is regularly used ___42___ a synonym (同义词) for Americanism. It goes without saying ___43___ apple pie is one of the most ___44___ (type) American foods.
Now you might be surprised to learn that the American hamburger started out in Germany, ___45___ immigrants to the new world brought along with them the Hamburg steak. It was the American’s idea, however, ___46___ (put) that steak in a bun and top it with cheese! Therefore, we were happy to say that hamburgers are 100% ___47___ American invention, one which has been exported throughout the entire globe. Actually, it’s impossible to separate the hamburger from the ___48___ (grow) influence of the USA on the world.
Fried chicken is another example of a food that wasn’t necessarily invented in America, but ___49___ (take) off in the States! Many people associate American fried chicken ____50____ the state of Kentucky due to the huge multinational success of KFC.
【答案】41. diversity
42. as 43. that
44. typical
45. where 46. to put
47. an 48. growing
49. took 50. with
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国多样的饮食文化以及相关食品的发明。
【41题详解】
考查名词。句意：由于移民到美国的是各种不同的文化，美国美食也是多样性的产物。作介词的宾语，表示“多样性”应用名词diversity。故填diversity。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意：苹果派是美国的经典甜点，因此它经常被用作美国精神的代名词。结合句意表示“被用作……”可知短语为be used as。故填as。
【43题详解】
考查固定句型。句意：不用说，苹果派是最典型的美国食物之一。结合句意表示“不用说……”可知句型为It goes without saying that…。故填that。
【44题详解】
考查形容词。句意：不用说，苹果派是最典型的美国食物之一。修饰后文名词foods应用形容词typical，作定语。故填typical。
【45题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：不用说，你可能会惊讶地发现，美国的汉堡包起源于德国，移民到新世界的德国人带来了汉堡牛排。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Germany，先行词在从句中作地点状语，用where。故填where。
【46题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，这是那个美国人的主意，把牛排放在圆面包里，上面撒上奶酪，不定式作真正主语。故填to put。
【47题详解】
考查冠词。句意：因此，我们很高兴地说，汉堡100%是美国人的发明，它已经出口到全世界。invention为可数名词，此处为泛指且American是发音以元音音素开头的单词，故填an。
【48题详解】
考查形容词。句意：事实上，我们不可能把汉堡和美国对世界日益增长的影响力分开。修饰名词influence应用形容词growing，作定语。故填growing。
【49题详解】
考查时态。句意：炸鸡是另一个例子，不一定是在美国发明的食物，但在美国开始流行！根据上文“wasn’t necessarily invented in America”可知为一般过去时。故填took。
【50题详解】
考查介词。句意：许多人把美国炸鸡与肯塔基州联系在一起，是因为肯德基在跨国公司取得了巨大成功。结合句意表示“把……联系在一起”短语为associate with。故填with。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
It was the 16th Academic Festival of our school. This morning, a headmaster praised the teachers who did good in their teaching work. And some teachers were given medals for their having been completed thirty years of teaching. Our English teacher was between them. Some of my classmates and I gave our best wish to her. She encouraged me to study hard and being good students. This afternoon, the students who have achieved excellence in study or gained awards in various competitions before last Sunday were also given prizes. Because I was inspiring, I made a promise to myself I would be one of them the next year.
【答案】1. a→ the 2. good→ well 3. 删掉been 4. between→ among 5. wish→ wishes 6. me→ us 7. being→ be 8. have→ had 9. inspiring→ inspired 10. 在myself后面加that
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述作者学校所举办的第十六届学术节活动。
【详解】1. 考查冠词。句意：今天上午，校长表扬了在教学工作中表现优秀的老师。结合句意，此处特指作者学校的校长，所以headmaster前面需用表示特指的定冠词the限定。故将a改为the。
2. 考查副词。句意：这天上午，校长表扬了在教学工作中表现优秀的老师。分析句子结构可知，此处应用副词well作状语，修饰动词did。故将good改为well。
3. 考查动词语态。句意：部分教师因为任教三十年而获得了奖章。此处their对应的是teachers’。因为teachers和动词complete之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，所以此处动名词应用主动语态having completed。故删除been。
4. 考查介词。句意：我们的英语老师也在其中。among用于三者或三者以上；between主要指两者之间。结合句意，获得奖章的老师是三个人以上，所以此处应用among。故将between改为among。
5. 考查名词。句意：我和班里的一些同学都祝福老师。结合句意，此处名词wish表示“祝福”时常用复数形式。故将wish改为wishes。
6. 考查代词。句意：她鼓励我们好好学习，做一名优秀的学生。结合句意，此处老师鼓励的是作者和同学，且文章以第一人称口吻来写，所以应用us作宾语表示“我们”。故将me改为us。
7. 考查非谓语动词。句意：她鼓励我们好好学习，做一名优秀的学生。分析句子结构可知，“to study hard”和“to be good students”是并列的不定式，充当us的宾语补足语。“to be good students”在后面，省略了to。故将being改为be。
8. 考查动词时态。句意：今天下午，在上周日之前在各种比赛中取得优异成绩或获奖的学生也获得了奖项。结合句意，be given发生在今天下午，而achieve发生在上周日前，在be given以前，即发生在过去的过去，所以此处achieve对应时态为过去完成时had achieved。故将have改为had。
9. 考查形容词。句意：我深受鼓舞，向自己承诺，我明年也能成为他们当中的一员。结合句意，此处是指作者受到鼓舞，而非作者鼓舞人心，所以应用inspired。故将inspring改为inspired。
10. 考查同位语从句。句意：我深受鼓舞，向自己承诺，我明年也能成为他们当中的一员。分析句子结构可知，“I would be one of them the next year”是“promise”的同位语，从句成分和意义都完整，应用that引导同位语从句。故在myself后面加上that。
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
52. 假定你是李华，你的美国笔友Mike打算在假期给家人做一些中国美食。他写信向你征询建议，请你给他回信。内容包括：
1.推荐一种美食；
2.说明理由。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Mike,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Mike,
I’m very happy to learn that you’re going to cook some Chinese food for your family during the holiday, which I think is a great idea.
Here, I’d like to recommend Peking Duck, a dish from Beijing. First of all, it is a symbol of traditional Chinese food and a must for every foreign tourist who wishes to have a taste of China. Secondly, it is manageable for you, since you have seen your mom cook turkey. The cooking process is very similar. You can download a recipe from the Internet and get all the necessary materials from Chinatown. If you still need more help, I would be delighted to provide online guidance while you are cooking.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生回信给Mike，推荐一种中国美食，并说明理由。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
高兴的：happy→ glad
推荐：recommend→suggest
希望做某事：wish to do sth.→ hope to do sth.
提供：provide→ offer
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Here, I’d like to recommend Peking Duck, a dish from Beijing.
拓展句：Here, I’d like to recommend Peking Duck, which is a dish from Beijing.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m very happy to learn that you’re going to cook some Chinese food for your family during the holiday, which I think is a great idea.（运用了that引导宾语从句，which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】First of all, it is a symbol of traditional Chinese food and a must for every foreign tourist who wishes to have a taste of China.（运用了who引导的限制性定语从句）
【高分句型3】Secondly, it is manageable for you, since you have seen your mom cook turkey.（运用了since引导的原因状语从句）
听力答案：1-5 BABAC 6-10 BACAB 11-15 BACCB 16-20 AABCB