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广东省江门市第一中学2022-2023学年高二英语下学期3月第一次段考试题（Word版附解析）
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这是一份广东省江门市第一中学2022-2023学年高二英语下学期3月第一次段考试题（Word版附解析），共28页。试卷主要包含了2题，4题等内容，欢迎下载使用。
江门一中2022-2023学年度第二学期第1次学段考试
高二级 英语试卷
I.听力(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
第一节 听力理解
听下面4段对话。每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并填涂在答题卡的相应位置。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟，听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话读两遍。
听第1段材料，回答第1、2题。
1 What is Lily going to do this weekend?
A. Repair her house. B. Visit her parents. C. See a doctor.
2. What do the speakers have to do?
A. Put off their performance.
B. Find part-time players.
C. Prepare more tickets.
听第2段材料，回答第3、4题。
3. What does Mary think of newspapers?
A. Old-fashioned. B. Important. C. Popular.
4. Which newspaper section does Jason prefer?
A. The music section. B. The health section. C. The history section.
听第3段材料，回答第5至7题。
5. How many languages can Lisa speak?
A. Two. B. Three. C. Five.
6. Why does the man study Italian?
A. To kill time.
B. To communicate with Lisa.
C. To prepare for his study abroad.
7. What is the most important thing in language learning according to Lisa?
A. Personal talent. B. Hard work. C. Practical methods.
听第4段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What are Mr. Brown’s films mainly about?
A. Animals and plants.
B. Meaningful adventures.
C. People’s daily life.
9. What’s Mr. Brown’s parents’ attitude towards his dream?
A. Supportive. B. Unconcerned. C. Negative.
10. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Interviewer and interviewee.
B. Director and actor.
C. Colleagues.
第二节 听取信息
听下面1段独白，完成第11至15题，每小题不超过3个单词，听材料前，你将有25秒的时间阅读这5道小题;听完后，你将有30秒的作答时间。这段材料读两遍。
The speaker’s problem
●Having gained too much 11
The speaker’s actions at first
●Following Fitness Blender’s eight-minute workout videos
● Doing workouts 12 days a week for up to an hour every time five months later
●Having one 13 a day
The speaker’s actions later
●Starting eating breakfast, lunch, dinner and a 14 like nuts
●Eating lots of 15 foods
●Drinking water
II.阅读理解(共16小题;每小题2.5分，满分40分)
第一节 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
The Best National Parks to Visit in Winter
While most parks tend to draw families in the summer and fall, there are also ideal spots for adventurous winter trips.
Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming
The country’s oldest and best-known national park takes on an almost otherworldly atmosphere in winter: the air filled with rolling steam, the strong colors of hot springs, the surrounding white landscapes, let alone the impressive wildlife during this time, like bison, wolves, and playful red foxes. Just book a guided hiking tour to get a ranger’s perspective on the park and local people.
Joshua Tree National Park, California
With its giant red rocks and unique trees, you’ll feel like stepping onto a foreign planet as you spend hours hiking the Panorama Loop or Maze Loop. The park is recognized as an International Dark Sky Park, featuring virtually zero light pollution and the country’s best views of a starry sky.
Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona
A significantly lower number of visitors in winter means you can take in unblocked views of the South Rim, and get to see the rare beauty of the Grand Canyon dusted with snow. For those adventurous and daring, it is recommended to hike the Bright Angel Trail and take the chance to see the canyon’s wintertime wildlife, including mule deer, elk, and bald eagles.
Virgin Islands National Park, St. John
Surprise! Not all wintertime national park trips need to involve snow. Virgin Islands National Park is most famous for its white-sand beaches. You can also hike inland to visit old sugar plantations, or venture out to the water to swim along with sea turtles and manta rays. You will definitely enjoy a different winter here.
1. Which park will one choose if he/she is interested in stars?
A. Yellowstone National Park. B. Joshua Tree National Park.
C. Grand Canyon National Park. D. Virgin Islands National Park.
2. What do we know about the Grand Canyon National Park?
A. We can have a poor view of the South Rim there. B. It lies in an area with rolling steam and hot springs.
C. There is a slight decline in visitor numbers in winter. D. The Bright Angel Trail is challenging in cold weather.
3. Which activity is mentioned in all of the parks?
A. Hiking. B. Skiing. C. Swimming. D. Hunting.
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。介绍了美国四个冬季最好的国家公园。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Joshua Tree National Park, California下列段落中“The park is recognized as an International Dark Sky Park, featuring virtually zero light pollution and the country’s best views of a starry sky. (该公园被公认为国际黑暗天空公园，具有几乎零光污染和全国最好的星空景观。)”可知，如果对星星感兴趣，应该选择Joshua Tree 国家公园。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona下列段落中“For those adventurous and daring, it is recommended to hike the Bright Angel Trail and take the chance to see the canyon’s wintertime wildlife, including mule deer, elk, and bald eagles. (对于那些喜欢冒险和大胆的人，建议徒步 Bright Angel 小径，并有机会看到峡谷的冬季野生动物，包括骡鹿、麋鹿和秃鹰。)”可知，在Grand Canyon国家公园，The Bright Angel 小径在寒冷的天气具有挑战性。故选D项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming下列段落中“Just book a guided hiking tour to get a ranger’s perspective on the park and local people. (只要预定一个有导游的徒步旅行，就能从护林员的角度了解公园和当地居民。)”、Joshua Tree National Park, California下列段落中“With its giant red rocks and unique trees, you’ll feel like stepping onto a foreign planet as you spend hours hiking the Panorama Loop or Maze Loop. (这里有巨大的红色岩石和独特的树木，当你花几个小时在全景环或迷宫环徒步旅行时，你会感觉像是踏上了一个陌生的星球。)”、Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona下列段落中“For those adventurous and daring, it is recommended to hike the Bright Angel Trail and take the chance to see the canyon’s wintertime wildlife, including mule deer, elk, and bald eagles. (对于那些喜欢冒险和大胆的人，建议徒步 Bright Angel 小径，并有机会看到峡谷的冬季野生动物，包括骡鹿、麋鹿和秃鹰。)”和Virgin Islands National Park, St. John下列段落中“You can also hike inland to visit old sugar plantations, or venture out to the water to swim along with sea turtles and manta rays. (你也可以徒步到内陆去参观古老的甘蔗种植园，或者冒险去海边与海龟和蝠鲼一起游泳。)”可知，所有的公园都提到了徒步旅行。故选A项。
B
Sometimes shipwrecks (沉船) contain sunken treasure, loads of gold or jewelry. Other shipwrecks are themselves the treasure— the stories of their ill-fated voyages creating a legend that makes them sparkle far more than any gold or precious stones.
The wreck of HMS Endurance, which has finally been located deep beneath the icy seas of Antarctica after being lost 107 years ago, was arguably the most valuable shipwreck ever sought. That’s because its discovery adds another thrilling new chapter to an already fascinating tale of perseverance and survival that has echoed down the decades and still inspires today.
Incredibly well preserved at a depth of almost two miles, the ship is little changed from the day in November 1914 when it finally sank beneath the ice. Endurance became embedded in ice while crossing Antarctica’s Weddell Sea. The video shot by underwater search vehicles shows painted timbers, an undamaged guardrail (护栏) and the name “Endurance” written above the five-pointed symbol of a polar star.
“I tell you, you would have to be made of stone not to feel a bit soft at the sight of that star and the name above, “Mensun Bound, the mission’s marine archaeologist, told the BBC. “You can see a porthole (舷窗) that is in Shackleton’s cabin. At that moment, you really do feel the breath of the great man upon the back of your neck.” Shackleton’s leadership was crucial to getting his men out alive. The reason why Shackleton is still applauded as a great man becomes obvious when you consider what he achieved in the face of disasters and hardships during his 1914-16 expedition. The practicality and humanity he showed in the face of severe situations was arguably praised.
4. What makes Endurance the most valuable shipwreck?
A. The treasure aboard. B. Its inspiring stories.
C. Its undamaged guardrail. D. The symbol of a polar star.
5. What can we know about Endurance when it is discovered?
A. It is badly damaged at a depth of almost two miles.
B. It is beyond recognition from the day when it finally sank
C. It becomes fixed firmly and deeply beneath the icy seas
D. Its name above the five-pointed symbol of a polar star is gone.
6. What can we infer from Mensun Bound’s words?
A. The floating ice is as hard as stones.
B. The well-preserved shipwreck is amazing.
C. The heroic deeds of Shackleton are touching.
D. The discovery of Endurance is challenging.
7 What is the text type of the passage?
A. A book review. B. A news story.
C. A biography. D. A travel journal.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要讲述了HMS Endurance的残骸是有史以来最有价值的沉船。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“That’s because its discovery adds another thrilling new chapter to an already fascinating tale of perseverance and survival that has echoed down the decades and still inspires today.(这是因为它的发现为一个已经引人入胜的关于坚持不懈和生存的故事增添了另一个激动人心的新篇章，这个故事几十年来一直在回响，至今仍在激励着人们。)”可知，HMS Endurance沉船被认为是最有价值的沉船在于其讲述的激励人的故事。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“The wreck of HMS Endurance, which has finally been located deep beneath the icy seas of Antarctica after being lost 107 years ago, was arguably the most valuable shipwreck ever sought.(英国皇家海军HMS Endurance的残骸在失踪107年后终于被发现在南极洲冰冷的海底深处，可以说是有史以来寻找的最有价值的沉船。)”可知，当HMS Endurance被发现时它被牢牢地固定在冰冷的海底。故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Shackleton’s leadership was crucial to getting his men out alive. The reason why Shackleton is still applauded as a great man becomes obvious when you consider what he achieved in the face of disasters and hardships during his 1914-16 expedition. The practicality and humanity he showed in the face of severe situations was arguably praised.(Shackleton的领导能力对于让他的人活着出来至关重要。当你考虑到Shackleton在1914年至1916年的探险中面对灾难和困难所取得的成就时，你就会明白为什么他仍然被誉为伟人。他在面对严峻形势时表现出的务实和人道主义精神无疑受到了赞扬。)”可推知，Shackleton的英雄事迹令人感动。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“The wreck of HMS Endurance, which has finally been located deep beneath the icy seas of Antarctica after being lost 107 years ago, was arguably the most valuable shipwreck ever sought.(英国皇家海军HMS Endurance的残骸在失踪107年后终于被发现在南极洲冰冷的海底深处，可以说是有史以来寻找的最有价值的沉船。)”引出了文章讲述的话题：HMS Endurance的残骸是有史以来最有价值的沉船。接着在下文讲述了沉船的经过及船长沙克尔顿的英勇精神。所以本文属于新闻报道。故选B。
C
Human activity emits far less methane(甲烷) than carbon dioxide, but methane has a bigger impact on the earth. Over the course of 20 years, a ton of the gas will warm the atmosphere about 86 times more than a ton of CO₂. As a result, methane has been responsible for 23% of the rise in temperatures since pre-industrial times. Carbon dioxide gets most of the attention, but unless methane emissions are limited, there is little hope of stabilizing the climate.
Unfortunately, methane emissions have been anything but stable. After briefly pausing in the early 2000s, atmospheric concentrations of the gas started rising again in 2007. A global inventory (清单) concluded last year, found that humans were largely to blame. Chief among the reasons for the rise are the gassy output of livestock farming, rice cultivation and the fossil-fuel industry. Agriculture and energy each make up roughly one-third of annual methane emissions.
By how much do methane emissions need to fall? Carbon dioxide lingers in the atmosphere for centuries, making it hard to reduce its atmospheric concentrations. By contrast, methane has a half-life of roughly ten years, which means that it degrades quickly. If new emissions can be cut to below the rate at which old emissions reduce, the concentration of methane lingering in the atmosphere will soon fall, slowing global warming. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change estimates that, to keep temperatures between 1.5°C and 2°C above pre-industrial levels, human methane emissions must drop to 35% below where they stood in 2010 by mid-century.
Politicians and the public tend to worry about carbon-dioxide emissions but neglect the effects of cutting methane. But dealing with the gas would have a large effect rapidly and at relatively low cost. Governments are supposed to firm up their commitments to cut emissions under the Paris agreement. It should go further and include a specific target for methane.
8. What does the text mainly argue for?
A. Methane emissions should be taken seriously.
B. Atmospheric concentrations of methane will soon fall.
C. Methane is mainly responsible for the rise in temperature.
D. Human activities were largely to blamed for the global warming.
9. Which statement is TRUE according to the text?
A. We’ve produced 86 times more carbon dioxide than methane.
B. Carbon dioxide takes up 23% of the responsibility for global warming.
C. Methane emissions have been rising dramatically since the early 2000s.
D. Carbon dioxide stays in the atmosphere for a long time while methane degrades quickly.
10. What is the main reason for the rise of methane emissions?
A. The rising temperature.
B. Agriculture and energy.
C. Rapidly developing industry.
D. Atmospheric concentrations of methane dropping slowly.
11. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. Dealing with methane emissions will cost a lot.
B. Carbon dioxide emissions is no longer a serious problem.
C. Cutting methane emission is against the Paris agreement.
D. Governments should do more to reduce methane emissions.
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了甲烷排放对地球的影响更大，而公众和政府较多关注的是二氧化碳排放量。其实，处理甲烷这种气体将会以相对较低的成本迅速产生巨大的效果。因此，减少甲烷排放应该受到关注。
【8题详解】
主旨大意题。通读文章内容可知，文章首段内容“Human activity emits far less methane than carbon dioxide, but methane has a bigger impact on the earth.(人类活动排放的甲烷远比二氧化碳少，但甲烷对地球的影响更大。)”以及末尾段内容“Politicians and the public tend to worry about carbon-dioxide emissions but neglect the effects of cutting methane. (政客和公众往往担心二氧化碳的排放，却忽视了减少甲烷的影响。)”讲述文章的核心话题“甲烷的排放对地球的影响更大，但却被忽视”。因此可知，文章主要论述了“减少甲烷排放需被重视起来”这一论点。故选A项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容“Carbon dioxide lingers in the atmosphere for centuries, making it hard to reduce its atmospheric concentrations. By contrast, methane has a half-life of roughly ten years, which means that it degrades quickly.(二氧化碳在大气中徘徊了几个世纪，因此很难降低其在大气中的浓度。相比之下，甲烷的半衰期大约为十年，这意味着它降解得很快。)”可知，二氧化碳在大气中存在的时间很长而甲烷降解得快。故选D项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容“Chief among the reasons for the rise are the gassy output of livestock farming, rice cultivation and the fossil-fuel industry. Agriculture and energy each make up roughly one-third of annual methane emissions.(排放量上升的主要原因是畜牧业、水稻种植和化石燃料工业的气体排放量。农业和能源各占每年甲烷排放量的三分之一左右。)”可知，农业和能源各占每年甲烷排放量的三分之一，占比很高，是甲烷排放量升高的主要原因。故选B项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章末尾段内容“Governments are supposed to firm up their commitments to cut emissions under the Paris agreement. It should go further and include a specific target for methane.(各国政府应该坚定他们在巴黎协定下的减排承诺。它应该更进一步，包括一个针对甲烷的具体目标。)”可知，各国政府应继续坚定执行减排承诺，并应将减少甲烷排放完善出具体的目标。由此可推知，各国政府应采取更多措施减少甲烷排放。故选D项。
第二节 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
With college starting for freshmen across the country, now is the time to be thinking about money. Why? Because for many freshmen, this will really be their first time handling money on their own. ____12____ Here are three of the most important choices, and some amazing tips to go with them.
1. Credit is important, so use it responsibly
____13____ During your first few weeks on campus, you will likely be surrounded with credit card booths and seemingly friendly salespeople. Don’t be tempted to open a credit card just because they tell you it’s cool to do it. ____14____ Ask the salespeople to explain the fine print (附加条款) to you and look for a card with no annual fee, good rewards, and of course — a reasonable interest rate. If they tell you that the offer is only good for that day, just do yourself a favor and walk away.
2.____15____
My best money tip is to start now saving small and gradually increase. The easiest way to start is to save all your coins and deposit every week into a savings account with no ATM card. This seemingly insignificant amount adds up over time and starts the habit of saving.
3. Get a job, but a flexible one.
Getting a job in college is important. ____16____ There are many on-campus jobs out there that allow you to sit down and have limited interactions/responsibilities. Some of these include checking student IDs at a gym or cafeteria, managing a resource center.
A. You can earn “spending money” and even save some to put toward books, supplies, and your student loans.
B. Building credit is important, and so is opening your first credit card.
C. Remember why you’re in college — networking for your future career.
D. My best financial advice for college students is to be smart with your first credit card.
E. Learn to start saving a little each month.
F. These types of work arrangements allow you to make money while also being productive.
G. They will have to pay bills, handle budgets and be faced with financial choices.
【答案】12. G 13. D 14. B 15. E 16. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了大学新生都需要懂的三条理财要点
【12题详解】
根据上文“Because for many freshmen, this will really be their first time handling money on their own.(因为对于很多大一新生来说，这将是他们第一次独自理财)”可知，G. They will have to pay bills, handle budgets and be faced with financial choices.(他们必须自己支付账单，处理预算，还将面临财务选择)能够承接上文，这些都是新生独自理财的常见问题。故选G。
【13题详解】
根据本段小标题1.Credit is important, so use it responsibly(1.信用很重要，所以要负责任地使用它)可知，这是作者给出的第一条理财建议。根据下文“During your first few weeks on campus, you will likely be surrounded with credit card booths and seemingly friendly salespeople. Don’t be tempted to open a credit card just because they tell you it’s cool to do it.(在校园的最初几周，你可能会被信用卡展位和看似友好的销售人员包围。不要因为他们告诉你开信用卡很酷就想开信用卡)”可知，此处讲到信用卡的开通。由此可知，D. My best financial advice for college students is to be smart with your first credit card.(对于大学生来说，我最好的理财建议就是聪明地使用你的第一张信用卡)能够呼应标题，开启下文，符合语境。故选D。
【14题详解】
根据上文“Don’t be tempted to open a credit card just because they tell you it’s cool to do it.(不要因为他们告诉你开信用卡很酷就想开信用卡)”及下文“Ask the salespeople to explain the fine print (附加条款) to you and look for a card with no annual fee, good rewards, and of course — a reasonable interest rate. If they tell you that the offer is only good for that day, just do yourself a favor and walk away.(请销售人员向您解释详细信息，并寻找一张没有年费、有丰厚回报的卡，当然还有合理的利率。如果他们告诉你，这个提议只适用于当天，那就帮自己一个忙，然后走开)”可知，不要随意开通信用卡，要慎重对待自己的第一张信用卡。由此可知，B. Building credit is important, and so is opening your first credit card.(建立信用很重要，办理你的第一张信用卡也同样重要)能够呈上启下，同时呼应本段小标题。故选B。
【15题详解】
根据下文“My best money tip is to start now saving small and gradually increase.(我最好的省钱建议是现在就开始小额储蓄，然后逐渐增加)”可知，本段讲述的是学会存钱。由此可知，E. Learn to start saving a little each month. (学会开始每个月都存一点)适合作本段小标题，符合语境。故选E。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Getting a job in college is important.(在大学找一份工作很重要)”可知，此处建议在大学里找工作。由此可知，A. You can earn “spending money” and even save some to put toward books, supplies, and your student loans. (你可以赚到“花的钱”，甚至可以存一些钱用来买书、买用品和支付学生贷款)能够承接上文，这正是找工作会带来的积极结果，符合语境。故选A。
III.完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Two-year-old Nancy is deaf. However, that hasn’t stopped her from being a(n) ____17____ little girl trying to “chat” to anyone she meets. As soon as she goes out into town with her parents, she starts ____18____ in the hope that the person she is talking to ____19____ sign language too.
Normally hearing loss is a social ____20____ for those who don’t know how to use sign language. Anyone Nancy tried to talk to ____21____ this and felt so sorry they couldn’t ____22____.
Then, something amazing happened. Instead of causing a ____23____, this barrier brought the community together. Determined to ____24____ sign language so that they could talk to Nancy, her ____25____ hired an instructor, and took classes together. The teacher ____26____ that this is really remarkable because, quite often, even the parents of deaf children don’t ____27____ to learn the language. But here Nancy has a full community that is signing with her, and it is a ____28____ story.
The teacher also says that this level of inclusion will guarantee that Nancy will be a happier individual in the future. Nancy’s parents are already noticing a ____29____ in their daughter and how ____30____ they are to their neighbors.
With a little girl and a lot of love, the neighbors ____31____ make the neighborhood a community.
17. A. independent B. helpful C. outgoing D. generous
18. A. signing B. cheering C. waving D. smiling
19. A. accepts B. appreciates C. recognizes D. knows
20. A. mistake B. barrier C. conflict D. stress
21. A. discussed B. ignored C. realized D. denied
22. A. respond B. apologize C. return D. agree
23. A. debate B. separation C. complaint D. panic
24. A. create B. learn C. translate D. improve
25. A. classmates B. parents C. teachers D. neighbours
26. A. warns B. predicts C. admits D. regrets
27. A. fail B. bother C. hesitate D. refuse
28. A. relaxing B. popular C. satisfying D. beautiful
29. A. potential B. belief C. strength D. difference
30. A. friendly B. grateful C. important D. familiar
31. A. truly B. almost C. merely D. even
【答案】17. C 18. A 19. D 20. B 21. C 22. A 23. B 24. B 25. D 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. D 30. B 31. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。Nancy从小失聪，但是这并没有阻止她成为一个想要与人沟通的外向的孩子。随着她长大，她开始运用手语和周围的人交流，但是大家都听不懂。于是社区里的邻居们请了一位老师来教他们学习手语，老师也承认这是一件了不起的举动。有了小女孩和很多的爱，这些邻居们真正地将一个社区变成了一个大家庭。
【17题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，这并没有阻止她成为一个外向的小女孩，试图和她遇到的任何人“聊天”。A. independent 独立的；B. helpful有帮助的；C. outgoing 外向的；D. generous 慷慨的。根据下文“little girl trying to ‘chat’ to anyone she meets”可知，失聪并没有阻止Nancy成为一个外向的小女孩，故选C项。
【18题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她一和父母一起进城，就开始用手语，希望和她说话的人也懂手语。A. signing打手语；B. cheering欢呼；C. waving挥手；D. smiling微笑。根据第一句“Two-year-old Nancy is deaf.”和该句末的“sign language”可知，Nancy失聪了，所以她只能用‘手语’与人交流。故选A项。
【19题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她一和父母一起进城，就开始用手语，希望和她说话的人也懂手语。A. accepts接受；B. appreciates感激；C. recognizes认出；D. knows懂得；知道。根据上文的内容可知，Nancy失聪了，她用手语和人交流，所以她一定希望和她交谈的人也懂手语，故选D项。
【20题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：正常情况下，对于那些不知道如何使用手语的人来说，听力丧失是一种社交障碍。A. mistake错误；B. barrier障碍；C. conflict冲突；D. stress压力。根据句意和下一段的“this barrier”可知，听力丧失的人，如果不知道如何使用手语肯定会遇到社交障碍。故选B项。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每一个和南茜试图交谈的人都意识到了这一点，他们很抱歉他们不能回应。A. discussed讨论；B. ignored忽视；C. realized意识到；D. denied拒绝。根据空格后的“this”和“felt sorry”可知，大家都意识到听力丧失的人，如果不知道如何使用手语肯定会遇到社交障碍。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每一个和南茜试图交谈的人都意识到了这一点，他们很抱歉他们不能回应。A. respond回答，回应；B. apologize道歉；C. return归还；D. agree同意。根据句中的“felt sorry”可知，Nancy和大家交流时，大家不能做出回应。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种障碍并没有把大家分开，反而把社区团结在了一起。A. debate辩论；B. separation分离；分开；C. complaint抱怨；D. panic恐慌。根据句中的“instead of”和“brought the community together”可知，空格处的词和“bring…together”应该是反义词，所以应该用separation。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的邻居们决定学习手语，这样他们就可以和南希交谈了，于是他们雇了一位老师，一起上课。A. create创造；B. learn学会；C. translate翻译；D. improve改善。根据下文“hired an instructor”和“they could talk to Nancy”可知，他们决心要学会手语来跟Nancy沟通。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的邻居们决定学习手语，这样他们就可以和南希交谈了，于是他们雇了一位老师，一起上课。A. classmates同学；B. parents父母；C. teachers老师；D. neighbors邻居。根据上文“the community”和最后一段的“the neighbors”可知，Nancy的邻居们请了一位教师教他们手语。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位老师承认，这真的很了不起，因为很多时候，即使是失聪儿童的父母也不会费心去学习这种语言。A. warns警告；B. predicts预言；C. admits承认；D. regrets后悔。根据后面that从句的内容可知，这肯定是这位老师对邻居们请老师教他们手语这件事的看法。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位老师承认，这真的很了不起，因为很多时候，即使是失聪儿童的父母也不会费心去学习这种语言。A. fail失败；B. bother费心；C. hesitate犹豫；D. refuse 拒绝。根据句意和句中的“even”可知，即使是失聪儿童的父母也不会费心去学习手语。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但在这里，南希有一个完整的社区，和她一起用手语交流，这是一个美丽的故事。A. relaxing放松的；B. popular受欢迎的；C. satisfying 令人满意的；D. beautiful美丽的。根据上文的内容可知，邻居们为了和Nancy交流，请老师教他们手语，这肯定是一个美丽的故事。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：南希的父母已经注意到他们女儿的不同，以及他们对邻居的感激之情。A. potential潜能；B. belief信仰；C. strength力量；D. difference不同。根据上文的“a happier individual”可知，因为邻居们可以和Nancy交流，Nancy的父母肯定注意到Nancy比以前不同了。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：南希的父母已经注意到他们女儿的不同，以及他们对邻居的感激之情。A. friendly友好的；B. grateful感激的；C. important重要的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据上文提到的邻居们为Nancy所做的事，她的父母肯定是对邻居们充满感激之情。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：有了小女孩和很多的爱，这些邻居们真正地将一个社区变成了一个大家庭。A. truly真正地；B. almost几乎；C. merely只不过；D. even甚至。根据上文讲述的邻居们为Nancy所做的事可知，邻居们真正地把这个社区变成了一个大家庭。故选A项。
IV.单项选择(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下列句子，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
32. ______ out by the long journey, he ______ asleep the moment he laid his head on the pillow.
A. Worn; was falling B. Being worn; had fallen
C. Worn; fell D. Being worn; would fall
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和一般过去时。句意：长途跋涉使他疲惫不堪，当他把头放在枕头上的那一刻，他就睡着了。分析句子可知，worn out为固定短语表示“疲惫不堪；精疲力竭”，形容词短语作伴随状语，解释说明主语he；根据句意和下文的laid可知，描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时。故选C项。
33. He sent me a message ______ that he would not tolerate my temper anymore, ______ me annoyed.
A. to say; left B. saying; leaving
C. to say; had left D. saying; to leave
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他给我发信息说他再也不能容忍我的脾气了，这让我很恼火。根据句意分析句子可知，第一个空格处应该填入一个非谓语形式作定语，修饰前的名词message，因为message和动词say之间是主动关系，所以应该用现在分词saying作定语；第二个空格处应该填入一个非谓语形式作状语，因为动词leave和逗号前所说的内容之间是主动关系，所以应该用现在分词形式leaving作状语。故选B项。
34. The advertisement required that all candidates ______ their application forms by March 1, 2023.
A. would submit B. submitted
C. had submitted D. submit
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查虚拟语气用法。句意：该广告要求所有候选人在2023年3月1日前提交申请表。分析句子可知，此处为动词required表示“要求”后接that引导的宾语从句，在该宾语从句中，需要虚拟语气用法，即(should)+动词原形。故选D项。
35. After a terrible failure in my math, I began to concentrate on my studies and ______ everything else in my life.
A. tried out B. cut out
C. set out D. worked out
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：数学考砸了之后，我开始专心学习，把生活中的其他事情都抛在脑后。A. tried out尝试；B. cut out停止做某事；C. set out出发，开始；D. worked out解决，锻炼。根据句意可知，此处为动词短语cut out“停止做某事”，满足句意要求。故选B项。
36. I am not ______ enough to a boy’s feelings. Could you tell me what ______ to him?
A. enthusiastic; did happen B. innocent; happens
C. dynamic; had happened D. sensitive; happened
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析和时态。句意：我对男孩的感情不够敏感。你能告诉我他发生了什么事吗? A. enthusiastic热心的；热情的；B. innocent无知的；C. dynamic有活力的；D. sensitive敏感的。be sensitive to对……敏感。第二空为宾语从句，从句用陈述语序。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。故选D。
37. Only when the comprehensive measures are implemented straight away, ______
A. the pollution is stopped B. will the pollution be stopped
C. the pollution will be stopped D. would the pollution be stopped
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查倒装句型和动词时态。句意：只有立即实施综合措施，污染才会停止。分析句子可知，该句为only位于句首后接when引导的状语从句，主句部分需要部分倒装，即将情态动词放在主语之前，结合句意以及从句动词为一般现在时可知，该句主句动词应为表示将来的意思，为一般将来时。故选B项。
38. His lifelong ______ to the medical research led to the discovery of a new cure for the disease.
A motive B. resolve C. discipline D. commitment
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他毕生致力于医学研究的决心使他发现了治疗这种疾病的新方法。A. motive动机；B. resolve决心；坚定的信念；C. discipline纪律；D. commitment承诺。根据句意可知，他的坚定的信念促使他发现了治疗这种疾病的新方法。故选B。
39. We were wandering in the park ______ a fierce dog jumped out, ______ at us.
A. where; barked B. as; to bark
C. when; barking D. while; barked
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型和非谓语动词。句意：我们正在公园里闲逛，突然跳出一只凶猛的狗，朝我们狂吠。第一空为句型sb. was/were doing sth. when...表示“某人正在……这时……”；第二空bark与逻辑主语dog构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故选C。
40. I am so happy about ______ to work in Yunnan, a place ______ which my father spent his childhood.
A. having assigned; at B. assigned; at
C. being assigned; in D. having been assigned; in
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词、定语从句。句意：我很高兴被分配到云南工作，我父亲在那里度过了童年。分析句子结构，根据第一个空白处前面的介词about可知空白处应填动名词，因与其逻辑主语I之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，第一个空白处使用动名词的被动式；第二个空白处后面是定语从句，先行词是place，因空白处在定语从句中作状语指地点，使用“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句，根据逻辑关系，名词place前面需使用介词in构成“spent his childhood in the place(在那个地方度过了童年)”，所以第二个空白处填in，故选C项。
41. I bet you must be very tired. You ______ on the papers for 4 hours.
A. are working B. have worked
C. worked D. have been working
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：我打赌你一定很累了。你已经写论文4个小时了。根据句中时间状语“for 4 hours”可知，work这一动作从4小时前开始一直持续到现在，再结合句中“you must be very tired”可知，话语中含有强烈的感情色彩，强调一直在工作，应用现在完成进行时。故选D项。
42. If he had not skipped breakfast so frequently, he ______ with stomachache now.
A. would not end up B. would not have ended up
C. will not have ended up D. will not end up
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他不经常不吃早饭，他现在就不会胃痛了。根据后文now可知表示与现在事实相反：主句用would (should, could, might) +v.。故选A。
43. What I would like ______ now is ______ my bad habits and make up for my lost time.
A. doing; to break B. to do; breaking
C. doing; breaking D. to do; break
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语和省略to的不定式。句意：我现在想做的是改掉我的坏习惯，弥补我失去的时间。分析句子可知，该句第一处为what引导的主语从句中谓语动词的填入，为动词短语would like to do“想要做某事”；该句第二空为不定式to的省略用法，be动词is连接两个句子时，如果表语是不定式，且前文有do的某种形式时，表语的to省略。故选D项。
44. As one of his ______ friends, I take it my responsibility ______ his positive changes in his behavior.
A. devoting; facilitating B. devotion; to facilitate
C. devoted; facilitating D. devoted; to facilitate
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词及非谓语动词。句意：作为他忠实的朋友之一，我有责任帮助他在行为上做出积极的改变。devotion“奉献，献身”为名词；形容词devoted，意为“忠诚的”，devoted friends“忠诚的朋友”；句子it是形式宾语，所以此处应用不定式作真正的宾语，结合选项可知，选项D符合题意，故选D。
45. He is said______ his third novel last month.
A. releasing B. to release
C. having released D. to have released
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：据说他上个月出版了他的第三部小说。分析句子结构可知，此处应为固定用法be said to do sth.意为“据说……”可知，此处应使用不定式形式，且根据句意和时间状语last month可知，release这一动作已经发生，所以使用不定式的完成式，且表示主动意义，所以应为to have released。故选D项。
46. ______ is known to us, racial prejudice is still in existence in some countries and no one knows for sure ______ it will be wiped out.
A. It; where B. As; when C. What; how D. That; what
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句和宾语从句。句意：正如我们所知，种族偏见在一些国家仍然存在，没有人确切地知道它什么时候会被消灭。分析句子可知，该句第一空为关系代词As引导的非限制性定语从句，As指代后面整个句子的意思，可以至于句首，有“正如……一样”的意思；该句第二空为连接副词when引导的宾语从句，when在从句中作主语成分，意为“什么时候”。故选B项。
V.单词拼写(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
根据首字母或括号里的中文填写单词完成句子。(请使用选择性必修三Unit2-Unit5新学词汇)(请在答题卷上填上完整的单词，包括所给的首字母)
47. While a m______ amount of pressure can be beneficial, too much pressure can exhaust you.(根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】moderate##oderate
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：适度的压力是有益的，但压力太大会让你筋疲力尽。根据句中“too much pressure can exhaust you”可知，此处指适度的压力是有益的，结合首字母提示可知，此处用形容词moderate，意为“适度的”，修饰名词amount，作定语。故填moderate。
48. The chess competition is open to both a ______ and professionals. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】amateurs##mateurs
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：象棋比赛对业余选手和专业选手都开放。根据汉语意思和首字母可知，此处表示“业余爱好者”，为名词amateur，作宾语，为可数名词，前面无冠词，此处应用复数形式表示泛指，故填amateurs。
49. Some fake designer clothes are so good that people have no idea they are not buying the g _______article. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】genuine##enuine
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：一些假冒的名牌衣服非常好，以至于人们不知道他们买的不是正品。根据句意和句子结构，设空处应用形容词，根据首字母，应用genuine，意为“真正的，非伪造的”，与前半句的fake（冒牌的）相呼应，作article的前置定语。故填genuine
50. Public order was quickly r______ after the chaos. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】restored##estored
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：混乱过后，公共秩序很快恢复了。根据单词首字母以及句意可知应填动词restore，与主语构成被动关系，结合was可知为一般过去时的被动语态。故填restored。
51. The creation of an efficient and ______ (可持续的) transport system is critical to the development of our country. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】sustainable
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：建立一个高效和可持续的运输系统对我国的发展至关重要。根据汉语提示可知应填形容词sustainable，作定语修饰名词system。故填sustainable。
52. The boat rocked up and down in ______ (节奏) with the sea. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】rhythm
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：船随着大海的节奏上下摇晃。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处应用名词rhythm，构成介词短语in rhythm with“与……保持节奏”，作宾语。故填rhythm。
53. It seemed that he did not lie, for his accounts of the accident c______ with the radio broadcast. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】coincided##oincided
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：他似乎没有说谎，因为他对事故的叙述与电台广播广播的一致。根据句意和首字母可知，此处表示“一致”为动词coincide，coincide with固定搭配，意为“与……一致”，coincide在for后面的句子中作谓语，由seemed和did可知，句子描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，故填coincided。
54. Of students who study in the US, the majority go to California, New York and Texas, ______(分别地). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】respectively
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：在美国留学的学生中，大多数分别去了加利福尼亚州、纽约州和得克萨斯州。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作状语使用副词，根据汉语提示，表示“分别地”含义的副词为respectively，故填respectively。
55. As spring is coming, the fields around are s______with wheat. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】sown##sowed##own##owed
【解析】
【详解】考查动词和被动语态。句意：春天来了，周围的田地里种满了小麦。根据单词首字母以及句意“种满了”可知，空格处涉及单词“sow”，意为“种，播种”，动词词性，“fields”和“sow”为被动关系，故句子为一般现在时的被动语态，空格处应用“sow”的过去分词“sown”或“sowed”。故填sown/sowed。
56. Tourists often disturb the ________ (脆弱的) balance of nature on the island. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】delicate
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：游客常常破坏岛上脆弱的自然平衡。根据句子结构和汉语提示可知，此处应用形容词delicate作定语，修饰名词词组balance of nature。故填delicate。
57. The police carried out a ______ (彻底的) search of the building. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】thorough
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：警察对大楼进行了彻底搜查。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为形容词thorough“彻底的”作定语修饰search，满足句意要求。故填thorough。
58. The video on the Antarctic is meant to s ______students’ curiosity about the vast ice land. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】stimulate##timulate
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：这段关于南极的视频是为了激发学生们对这片广袤冰原的好奇心。根据句意及首字母提示可知，此处的含义为“激发”，动词stimulate，意为“激发，激励”，空前to为不定式，所以动词用原形。故填stimulate。
59. If the drug does get ______ (吸收) and then persist, it is probably worth developing further. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】absorbed
【解析】
【详解】考查过去分词。句意：如果药物确实被吸收并持续存在，那么它可能值得进一步开发。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为动词absorb“吸收”，满足句意要求，结合句意以及空前get可知，此处为get done形式，表示被动的情况，满足句意要求。故填absorbed。
60. He expressed ______ (同情) for the families of the victims in his speech. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】sympathy
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：他在讲话中对遇难者家属表示同情。“同情”为名词sympathy，作宾语，为不可数名词，故填sympathy。
61. The instructions in the handbook look very ______ (复杂的). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】complicated
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：手册上的说明看起来很复杂。根据汉语提示“复杂的”可知，应填形容词complicated，作表语。故填complicated。
VI.课文填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
根据课文内容，在空白处填入所缺的单词。
Passage 1
62. For example, some of them may become ________ in tobacco or alcohol ________, which can lead to physical and mental health problems. To prevent harmful habits like these from ________ a teenager’s life is essential. (根据句意填空)
【答案】 ①. involved ②. abuse ③. dominating
【解析】
【导语】
【详解】考查形容词，名词和动词。句意：例如，他们中的一些人可能涉及烟草或酒精滥用，这可能导致身心健康问题。防止这些有害的习惯主宰青少年的生活是至关重要的。第一空表示“涉及”，为短语become/be involved in；第二空表示“滥用”为名词abuse，为不可数名词；第三空表示“主导”为动词dominate，由介词from可知，应用动名词形式，故填①involved②abuse③dominating。
Passage 2
63. Governments need to consider making ________ and taking ________ actions and measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. We as individuals can also reduce our “carbon footprint” by ________ the amount of carbon dioxide our lifestyles produce. (根据句意填空)
【答案】 ①. policies ②. appropriate ③. restricting
【解析】
【详解】考查名词、形容词和动词。句意：政府需要考虑制定政策并采取适当的行动和措施来减少温室气体排放。作为个人，我们也可以通过限制我们生活方式产生的二氧化碳量来减少我们的“碳足迹”。第一空作宾语，结合句意“政策”应用复数名词policies；第二空作定语修饰名词actions，结合句意“适当的”应用形容词appropriate；第三空结合句意“限制”应用动词restrict，作介词的宾语应用动名词形式。故填①policies；②appropriate；③restricting。
Passage 3
64. Before we ________ the ship. Shackleton calmly called us together and told us to rescue our most essential supplies... We were not allowed to take most of our personal ________ and Shackleton himself threw away all his gold. (根据句意填空)
【答案】 ①. abandoned ②. belongings
【解析】
【详解】考查动词和名词复数。句意： 在我们弃船之前, 沙克尔顿平静地把我们叫到一起, 告诉我们要抢救最重要的物资……。他不允许我们带走大部分的个人物品, 沙克尔顿自己也扔掉了自己所有的黄金。根据语境可知，第一空为“放弃”，动词abandon“放弃”，结合下文called可知，动作发生在过去，所以第一空用abandoned；结合第二空的语境，这里指我们个人的物品，personal belongings“个人物品”。故填①abandoned；②belongings。
Passage 4
65. The distinctive characteristics of poetry often include economical use of words, ________ and vivid language, integrated imagery, ________ devices such as similes and metaphors, and arrangement of words, lines, rhymes, and rhythm. (根据句意填空)
【答案】 ①. descriptive ②. literary
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：诗歌的显著特点通常包括：用词简洁、语言描述生动、形象、具备整合的意象、使用明喻和隐喻等文学手法，词、句韵、节奏等编排有序。结合句意第一空表示“描述的”应用形容词descriptive，作定语修饰名词language；第二空结合句意表示“文学的”应用形容词literary，作定语修饰devices。故填①descriptive；②literary。
VII.语篇填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个恰当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
If you feel ____66____ (stress) by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify those of ____67____ (great) and less importance. Then, handle the most important tasks first so you’ll feel a real sense of ____68____ (achieve). Leaving the less important things until tomorrow ____69____ (be) often acceptable.
Most of us focus more attention ____70____ our tasks in the morning than we do later in the day. So, get an early start and try to be as productive as possible before lunch. This will give you the confidence you need to get you through the afternoon and go home feeling satisfied
Recent ____71____ (study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks ____72____ (regular). Give your body and brain ____73____ rest by stepping outside for a while, exercising, or doing something you enjoy.
If you find something you love doing outside of the office, you’ll be less likely ____74____ (bring) your work home. It could be anything— gardening, cooking music, sports— _____75_____ whatever it is, make sure it’s a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.
【答案】66 stressed
67. greater
68. achievement
69. is 70. on
71. studies
72. regularly
73. a 74. to bring
75. but
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了释放工作压力的方法。
【66题详解】
考查形容词。句意：如果你在工作中感到压力，你应该退一步，找出那些更重要和更不重要的事情。作表语，修饰人应用形容词stressed。故填stressed。
【67题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：如果你在工作中感到压力，你应该退一步，找出那些更重要和更不重要的事情。根据空后的“and less importance”可知，空处与less并列，应填比较级，故填greater。
【68题详解】
考查名词。句意：然后，先处理最重要的任务，这样你会有一种真正的成就感。a sense of achievement为固定短语，意为“成就感”，其中of为介词，之后加名词形式，故填achievement。
【69题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：把不太重要的事情留到明天做通常是可以接受的。根据上下文可知，此句应该用一般现在时；单个的动名词做主语，谓语动词用单数，故填is。
【70题详解】
考查介词。句意：我们大多数人在早上比在晚上更专注于我们的任务。表示“专注于”可知短语focus on。故填on。
【71题详解】
考查名词单复数。句意：最近的研究表明，如果我们经常有规律地短时间休息，工作效率会大大提高。study在此处表示“研究”，是可数名词，根据“show”可知，此处应该用复数，故填studies。
【72题详解】
考查副词。句意：最近的研究表明，如果我们经常有规律地短时间休息，工作效率会大大提高。此处应该用副词修饰动词take，故填regularly。
【73题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：出去走走，锻炼一下，或者做一些你喜欢的事情，让你的身体和大脑得到休息。give a break为固定搭配，意为“休息”，故填a。
【74题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：如果你在办公室之外发现了自己喜欢做的事情，你就不太可能把工作带回家。be likely to do为固定用法，意为“有可能做某事”，故填to bring。
75题详解】
考查连词。句意：它可以是任何事情——园艺、烹饪、音乐、运动——但不管是什么，确保它是一种日常压力的缓解，而不是另一件需要担心的事情。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，应用连词but。故填but。
VIII.完成句子(共5小题;每小题3分，满分15分)
根据中文意思完成下列句子。
76. 有些时候你的心思不在工作上，这会影响你未来的晋升的。
There are ______ your heart ______ your work, ______ your future promotion.
【答案】 ①. times when ②. is not in ③. which can affect
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句、动词短语。根据句意以及句子结构可知，该句第一空应为关系副词when引导的定语从句，由are可知，“时候”为名词复数times，为先行词，且关系副词在从句中作时间状语成分；该句第二处应为动词短语be not in sth表示“不在……里面”，句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，主语是your heart，be动词应用is；该句第三处应为关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面整句话在从句中作主语成分，在该从句中，表示“影响”为动词affect。故分别填times when；is not in；which can affect。
77. 这支由船员和医生组成的救援队成功地防止了形势的恶化。
The rescue team ______ sailors and doctors ______ stopping the situation going from bad ______.
【答案】 ①. consisting of ②. succeeded in ③. to worse
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词、动词短语和固定短语。根据句意以及句子结构可知，该句第一处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰rescue team，rescue team和动词consist of“由……组成”为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式；该句第二处为动词短语succeed in doing sth“成功做某事”；该句第三处为固定短语go from bad to worse“每况愈下，情况越来越糟”，满足句意要求，结合句意可知，该句应为一般过去时。故分别填consisting of；succeeded in；to worse。
78. 为了应对粮食短缺问题，开展了全国范围的反对浪费粮食的斗争。
______ food shortage, a nationwide ______ food waste ______.
【答案】 ①. In response to ②. campaign against ③. was launched
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语。第一空表示“为了应对”短语为In response to；第二空表示“反对浪费粮食的斗争”应用campaign against；第三空表示“开展”应用launch，结合语境可知为一般过去时的被动语态。故填①In response to；②campaign against；③was launched。
79. 尽管他被导演拒绝了很多次，他坚持自己表演的梦想。
Despite ______ he ______by directors many a time, he ______ his acting dream.
【答案】 ①. that ②. was refused ③. stuck to
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型和时态语态。第一空表示“尽管”应用despite that句型；第二空表示“决绝”应用动词refuse，与主语构成被动关系，结合语境可知为一般过去时的被动语态；第三空表示“坚持”短语为stick to，为一般过去时。故填①that；②was refused；③stuck to。
80. 这家饭店在被罚款前已经被警告不能把厨房垃圾倒在河里。
The restaurant had been warned ______ pouring ______ into the river before it ______.
【答案】 ①. against ②. kitchen-waste ③. was fined
【解析】
【详解】考查介词、名词、被动语态。根据汉语提示，表示“警告……不要做……”含义的动词短语为warn sb against，故第一个空白处填against；表示“厨房垃圾”含义的表达为kitchen-waste，所以第二个空白处填kitchen-waste；第三个空白处在以before为连接词的时间状语从句中做谓语，与主语之间为被动关系，使用被动语态，因从句表示的是发生在过去的动作，使用一般过去时的被动语态，所以第三个空白处填was fined，故填①against；②kitchen-waste；③was fined。
IX.写作(满分15分)
81. 诗歌语言凝练，情感丰富，启迪思想，浸润人心。请以“If winter comes, can spring be far behind?”为题写一篇短文。
内容包括：
1. 你对这句诗的理解；
2. 结合你自己或他人的生活经历，举例说明；
3. 你的感悟或遐想。
注意：1.写作词数应为100左右；
2. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
If winter comes, can spring be far behind?
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
If winter comes, can spring be far behind? The great quote, which comes from Percy Bysshe Shelley's "Ode to the West Wind", expresses the power of hope and belief. In life, we often encounter setbacks and difficulties, such as breakups, job losses, or other life events. At this time, we need to remind ourselves, like this quote, that even if we experience the cold and desolation of winter, spring will always come.
For example, if you are looking for a job, have applied to many places, but have not received any responses, you may feel disappointed and despondent. However, it's important to remember that the “winter” you may be experiencing is only a short stage in your life journey, and you may soon encounter the “spring” of your life.
To me, the real meaning of this quote is to face every stage of life with hope and belief. Just like the sun and greenery of spring give people hope and vitality, we should also believe that hope and success are not far away in any situation. It may require patience and hard work, but we must believe that after waiting, we will see the beauty of life.
In conclusion, this quote expresses a positive and optimistic attitude towards life. No matter what difficulties or setbacks we face, we should always believe that we will receive rewards for our efforts, and waiting patiently will bring a beautiful spring.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生就“If winter comes, can spring be far behind?”的理解写一篇短文。
【详解】1.词汇积累
遇到：encounter→come across
寻找：looking for→seeking
要求：require→request
乐观的：optimistic→positive
2.句式拓展
同义句替换
原句：To me, the real meaning of this quote is to face every stage of life with hope and belief.
同义句：In my opinion, the true essence of this quote is to approach every phase of life with optimism and faith.
【点睛】【高分句型1】The great quote, which comes from Percy Bysshe Shelley's “Ode to the West Wind”, expresses the power of hope and belief. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】No matter what difficulties or setbacks we face, we should always believe that we will receive rewards for our efforts, and waiting patiently will bring a beautiful spring. (运用了No matter what引导的让步状语从句)
江门一中2022-2023学年度第二学期第1次学段考试
高二级 英语试卷
I.听力(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
第一节 听力理解
听下面4段对话。每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并填涂在答题卡的相应位置。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟，听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话读两遍。
听第1段材料，回答第1、2题。
1 What is Lily going to do this weekend?
A. Repair her house. B. Visit her parents. C. See a doctor.
2. What do the speakers have to do?
A. Put off their performance.
B. Find part-time players.
C. Prepare more tickets.
听第2段材料，回答第3、4题。
3. What does Mary think of newspapers?
A. Old-fashioned. B. Important. C. Popular.
4. Which newspaper section does Jason prefer?
A. The music section. B. The health section. C. The history section.
听第3段材料，回答第5至7题。
5. How many languages can Lisa speak?
A. Two. B. Three. C. Five.
6. Why does the man study Italian?
A. To kill time.
B. To communicate with Lisa.
C. To prepare for his study abroad.
7. What is the most important thing in language learning according to Lisa?
A. Personal talent. B. Hard work. C. Practical methods.
听第4段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What are Mr. Brown’s films mainly about?
A. Animals and plants.
B. Meaningful adventures.
C. People’s daily life.
9. What’s Mr. Brown’s parents’ attitude towards his dream?
A. Supportive. B. Unconcerned. C. Negative.
10. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Interviewer and interviewee.
B. Director and actor.
C. Colleagues.
第二节 听取信息
听下面1段独白，完成第11至15题，每小题不超过3个单词，听材料前，你将有25秒的时间阅读这5道小题;听完后，你将有30秒的作答时间。这段材料读两遍。
The speaker’s problem
●Having gained too much 11
The speaker’s actions at first
●Following Fitness Blender’s eight-minute workout videos
● Doing workouts 12 days a week for up to an hour every time five months later
●Having one 13 a day
The speaker’s actions later
●Starting eating breakfast, lunch, dinner and a 14 like nuts
●Eating lots of 15 foods
●Drinking water
II.阅读理解(共16小题;每小题2.5分，满分40分)
第一节 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
The Best National Parks to Visit in Winter
While most parks tend to draw families in the summer and fall, there are also ideal spots for adventurous winter trips.
Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming
The country’s oldest and best-known national park takes on an almost otherworldly atmosphere in winter: the air filled with rolling steam, the strong colors of hot springs, the surrounding white landscapes, let alone the impressive wildlife during this time, like bison, wolves, and playful red foxes. Just book a guided hiking tour to get a ranger’s perspective on the park and local people.
Joshua Tree National Park, California
With its giant red rocks and unique trees, you’ll feel like stepping onto a foreign planet as you spend hours hiking the Panorama Loop or Maze Loop. The park is recognized as an International Dark Sky Park, featuring virtually zero light pollution and the country’s best views of a starry sky.
Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona
A significantly lower number of visitors in winter means you can take in unblocked views of the South Rim, and get to see the rare beauty of the Grand Canyon dusted with snow. For those adventurous and daring, it is recommended to hike the Bright Angel Trail and take the chance to see the canyon’s wintertime wildlife, including mule deer, elk, and bald eagles.
Virgin Islands National Park, St. John
Surprise! Not all wintertime national park trips need to involve snow. Virgin Islands National Park is most famous for its white-sand beaches. You can also hike inland to visit old sugar plantations, or venture out to the water to swim along with sea turtles and manta rays. You will definitely enjoy a different winter here.
1. Which park will one choose if he/she is interested in stars?
A. Yellowstone National Park. B. Joshua Tree National Park.
C. Grand Canyon National Park. D. Virgin Islands National Park.
2. What do we know about the Grand Canyon National Park?
A. We can have a poor view of the South Rim there. B. It lies in an area with rolling steam and hot springs.
C. There is a slight decline in visitor numbers in winter. D. The Bright Angel Trail is challenging in cold weather.
3. Which activity is mentioned in all of the parks?
A. Hiking. B. Skiing. C. Swimming. D. Hunting.
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。介绍了美国四个冬季最好的国家公园。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Joshua Tree National Park, California下列段落中“The park is recognized as an International Dark Sky Park, featuring virtually zero light pollution and the country’s best views of a starry sky. (该公园被公认为国际黑暗天空公园，具有几乎零光污染和全国最好的星空景观。)”可知，如果对星星感兴趣，应该选择Joshua Tree 国家公园。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona下列段落中“For those adventurous and daring, it is recommended to hike the Bright Angel Trail and take the chance to see the canyon’s wintertime wildlife, including mule deer, elk, and bald eagles. (对于那些喜欢冒险和大胆的人，建议徒步 Bright Angel 小径，并有机会看到峡谷的冬季野生动物，包括骡鹿、麋鹿和秃鹰。)”可知，在Grand Canyon国家公园，The Bright Angel 小径在寒冷的天气具有挑战性。故选D项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming下列段落中“Just book a guided hiking tour to get a ranger’s perspective on the park and local people. (只要预定一个有导游的徒步旅行，就能从护林员的角度了解公园和当地居民。)”、Joshua Tree National Park, California下列段落中“With its giant red rocks and unique trees, you’ll feel like stepping onto a foreign planet as you spend hours hiking the Panorama Loop or Maze Loop. (这里有巨大的红色岩石和独特的树木，当你花几个小时在全景环或迷宫环徒步旅行时，你会感觉像是踏上了一个陌生的星球。)”、Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona下列段落中“For those adventurous and daring, it is recommended to hike the Bright Angel Trail and take the chance to see the canyon’s wintertime wildlife, including mule deer, elk, and bald eagles. (对于那些喜欢冒险和大胆的人，建议徒步 Bright Angel 小径，并有机会看到峡谷的冬季野生动物，包括骡鹿、麋鹿和秃鹰。)”和Virgin Islands National Park, St. John下列段落中“You can also hike inland to visit old sugar plantations, or venture out to the water to swim along with sea turtles and manta rays. (你也可以徒步到内陆去参观古老的甘蔗种植园，或者冒险去海边与海龟和蝠鲼一起游泳。)”可知，所有的公园都提到了徒步旅行。故选A项。
B
Sometimes shipwrecks (沉船) contain sunken treasure, loads of gold or jewelry. Other shipwrecks are themselves the treasure— the stories of their ill-fated voyages creating a legend that makes them sparkle far more than any gold or precious stones.
The wreck of HMS Endurance, which has finally been located deep beneath the icy seas of Antarctica after being lost 107 years ago, was arguably the most valuable shipwreck ever sought. That’s because its discovery adds another thrilling new chapter to an already fascinating tale of perseverance and survival that has echoed down the decades and still inspires today.
Incredibly well preserved at a depth of almost two miles, the ship is little changed from the day in November 1914 when it finally sank beneath the ice. Endurance became embedded in ice while crossing Antarctica’s Weddell Sea. The video shot by underwater search vehicles shows painted timbers, an undamaged guardrail (护栏) and the name “Endurance” written above the five-pointed symbol of a polar star.
“I tell you, you would have to be made of stone not to feel a bit soft at the sight of that star and the name above, “Mensun Bound, the mission’s marine archaeologist, told the BBC. “You can see a porthole (舷窗) that is in Shackleton’s cabin. At that moment, you really do feel the breath of the great man upon the back of your neck.” Shackleton’s leadership was crucial to getting his men out alive. The reason why Shackleton is still applauded as a great man becomes obvious when you consider what he achieved in the face of disasters and hardships during his 1914-16 expedition. The practicality and humanity he showed in the face of severe situations was arguably praised.
4. What makes Endurance the most valuable shipwreck?
A. The treasure aboard. B. Its inspiring stories.
C. Its undamaged guardrail. D. The symbol of a polar star.
5. What can we know about Endurance when it is discovered?
A. It is badly damaged at a depth of almost two miles.
B. It is beyond recognition from the day when it finally sank
C. It becomes fixed firmly and deeply beneath the icy seas
D. Its name above the five-pointed symbol of a polar star is gone.
6. What can we infer from Mensun Bound’s words?
A. The floating ice is as hard as stones.
B. The well-preserved shipwreck is amazing.
C. The heroic deeds of Shackleton are touching.
D. The discovery of Endurance is challenging.
7 What is the text type of the passage?
A. A book review. B. A news story.
C. A biography. D. A travel journal.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要讲述了HMS Endurance的残骸是有史以来最有价值的沉船。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“That’s because its discovery adds another thrilling new chapter to an already fascinating tale of perseverance and survival that has echoed down the decades and still inspires today.(这是因为它的发现为一个已经引人入胜的关于坚持不懈和生存的故事增添了另一个激动人心的新篇章，这个故事几十年来一直在回响，至今仍在激励着人们。)”可知，HMS Endurance沉船被认为是最有价值的沉船在于其讲述的激励人的故事。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“The wreck of HMS Endurance, which has finally been located deep beneath the icy seas of Antarctica after being lost 107 years ago, was arguably the most valuable shipwreck ever sought.(英国皇家海军HMS Endurance的残骸在失踪107年后终于被发现在南极洲冰冷的海底深处，可以说是有史以来寻找的最有价值的沉船。)”可知，当HMS Endurance被发现时它被牢牢地固定在冰冷的海底。故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Shackleton’s leadership was crucial to getting his men out alive. The reason why Shackleton is still applauded as a great man becomes obvious when you consider what he achieved in the face of disasters and hardships during his 1914-16 expedition. The practicality and humanity he showed in the face of severe situations was arguably praised.(Shackleton的领导能力对于让他的人活着出来至关重要。当你考虑到Shackleton在1914年至1916年的探险中面对灾难和困难所取得的成就时，你就会明白为什么他仍然被誉为伟人。他在面对严峻形势时表现出的务实和人道主义精神无疑受到了赞扬。)”可推知，Shackleton的英雄事迹令人感动。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“The wreck of HMS Endurance, which has finally been located deep beneath the icy seas of Antarctica after being lost 107 years ago, was arguably the most valuable shipwreck ever sought.(英国皇家海军HMS Endurance的残骸在失踪107年后终于被发现在南极洲冰冷的海底深处，可以说是有史以来寻找的最有价值的沉船。)”引出了文章讲述的话题：HMS Endurance的残骸是有史以来最有价值的沉船。接着在下文讲述了沉船的经过及船长沙克尔顿的英勇精神。所以本文属于新闻报道。故选B。
C
Human activity emits far less methane(甲烷) than carbon dioxide, but methane has a bigger impact on the earth. Over the course of 20 years, a ton of the gas will warm the atmosphere about 86 times more than a ton of CO₂. As a result, methane has been responsible for 23% of the rise in temperatures since pre-industrial times. Carbon dioxide gets most of the attention, but unless methane emissions are limited, there is little hope of stabilizing the climate.
Unfortunately, methane emissions have been anything but stable. After briefly pausing in the early 2000s, atmospheric concentrations of the gas started rising again in 2007. A global inventory (清单) concluded last year, found that humans were largely to blame. Chief among the reasons for the rise are the gassy output of livestock farming, rice cultivation and the fossil-fuel industry. Agriculture and energy each make up roughly one-third of annual methane emissions.
By how much do methane emissions need to fall? Carbon dioxide lingers in the atmosphere for centuries, making it hard to reduce its atmospheric concentrations. By contrast, methane has a half-life of roughly ten years, which means that it degrades quickly. If new emissions can be cut to below the rate at which old emissions reduce, the concentration of methane lingering in the atmosphere will soon fall, slowing global warming. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change estimates that, to keep temperatures between 1.5°C and 2°C above pre-industrial levels, human methane emissions must drop to 35% below where they stood in 2010 by mid-century.
Politicians and the public tend to worry about carbon-dioxide emissions but neglect the effects of cutting methane. But dealing with the gas would have a large effect rapidly and at relatively low cost. Governments are supposed to firm up their commitments to cut emissions under the Paris agreement. It should go further and include a specific target for methane.
8. What does the text mainly argue for?
A. Methane emissions should be taken seriously.
B. Atmospheric concentrations of methane will soon fall.
C. Methane is mainly responsible for the rise in temperature.
D. Human activities were largely to blamed for the global warming.
9. Which statement is TRUE according to the text?
A. We’ve produced 86 times more carbon dioxide than methane.
B. Carbon dioxide takes up 23% of the responsibility for global warming.
C. Methane emissions have been rising dramatically since the early 2000s.
D. Carbon dioxide stays in the atmosphere for a long time while methane degrades quickly.
10. What is the main reason for the rise of methane emissions?
A. The rising temperature.
B. Agriculture and energy.
C. Rapidly developing industry.
D. Atmospheric concentrations of methane dropping slowly.
11. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. Dealing with methane emissions will cost a lot.
B. Carbon dioxide emissions is no longer a serious problem.
C. Cutting methane emission is against the Paris agreement.
D. Governments should do more to reduce methane emissions.
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了甲烷排放对地球的影响更大，而公众和政府较多关注的是二氧化碳排放量。其实，处理甲烷这种气体将会以相对较低的成本迅速产生巨大的效果。因此，减少甲烷排放应该受到关注。
【8题详解】
主旨大意题。通读文章内容可知，文章首段内容“Human activity emits far less methane than carbon dioxide, but methane has a bigger impact on the earth.(人类活动排放的甲烷远比二氧化碳少，但甲烷对地球的影响更大。)”以及末尾段内容“Politicians and the public tend to worry about carbon-dioxide emissions but neglect the effects of cutting methane. (政客和公众往往担心二氧化碳的排放，却忽视了减少甲烷的影响。)”讲述文章的核心话题“甲烷的排放对地球的影响更大，但却被忽视”。因此可知，文章主要论述了“减少甲烷排放需被重视起来”这一论点。故选A项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容“Carbon dioxide lingers in the atmosphere for centuries, making it hard to reduce its atmospheric concentrations. By contrast, methane has a half-life of roughly ten years, which means that it degrades quickly.(二氧化碳在大气中徘徊了几个世纪，因此很难降低其在大气中的浓度。相比之下，甲烷的半衰期大约为十年，这意味着它降解得很快。)”可知，二氧化碳在大气中存在的时间很长而甲烷降解得快。故选D项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容“Chief among the reasons for the rise are the gassy output of livestock farming, rice cultivation and the fossil-fuel industry. Agriculture and energy each make up roughly one-third of annual methane emissions.(排放量上升的主要原因是畜牧业、水稻种植和化石燃料工业的气体排放量。农业和能源各占每年甲烷排放量的三分之一左右。)”可知，农业和能源各占每年甲烷排放量的三分之一，占比很高，是甲烷排放量升高的主要原因。故选B项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章末尾段内容“Governments are supposed to firm up their commitments to cut emissions under the Paris agreement. It should go further and include a specific target for methane.(各国政府应该坚定他们在巴黎协定下的减排承诺。它应该更进一步，包括一个针对甲烷的具体目标。)”可知，各国政府应继续坚定执行减排承诺，并应将减少甲烷排放完善出具体的目标。由此可推知，各国政府应采取更多措施减少甲烷排放。故选D项。
第二节 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
With college starting for freshmen across the country, now is the time to be thinking about money. Why? Because for many freshmen, this will really be their first time handling money on their own. ____12____ Here are three of the most important choices, and some amazing tips to go with them.
1. Credit is important, so use it responsibly
____13____ During your first few weeks on campus, you will likely be surrounded with credit card booths and seemingly friendly salespeople. Don’t be tempted to open a credit card just because they tell you it’s cool to do it. ____14____ Ask the salespeople to explain the fine print (附加条款) to you and look for a card with no annual fee, good rewards, and of course — a reasonable interest rate. If they tell you that the offer is only good for that day, just do yourself a favor and walk away.
2.____15____
My best money tip is to start now saving small and gradually increase. The easiest way to start is to save all your coins and deposit every week into a savings account with no ATM card. This seemingly insignificant amount adds up over time and starts the habit of saving.
3. Get a job, but a flexible one.
Getting a job in college is important. ____16____ There are many on-campus jobs out there that allow you to sit down and have limited interactions/responsibilities. Some of these include checking student IDs at a gym or cafeteria, managing a resource center.
A. You can earn “spending money” and even save some to put toward books, supplies, and your student loans.
B. Building credit is important, and so is opening your first credit card.
C. Remember why you’re in college — networking for your future career.
D. My best financial advice for college students is to be smart with your first credit card.
E. Learn to start saving a little each month.
F. These types of work arrangements allow you to make money while also being productive.
G. They will have to pay bills, handle budgets and be faced with financial choices.
【答案】12. G 13. D 14. B 15. E 16. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了大学新生都需要懂的三条理财要点
【12题详解】
根据上文“Because for many freshmen, this will really be their first time handling money on their own.(因为对于很多大一新生来说，这将是他们第一次独自理财)”可知，G. They will have to pay bills, handle budgets and be faced with financial choices.(他们必须自己支付账单，处理预算，还将面临财务选择)能够承接上文，这些都是新生独自理财的常见问题。故选G。
【13题详解】
根据本段小标题1.Credit is important, so use it responsibly(1.信用很重要，所以要负责任地使用它)可知，这是作者给出的第一条理财建议。根据下文“During your first few weeks on campus, you will likely be surrounded with credit card booths and seemingly friendly salespeople. Don’t be tempted to open a credit card just because they tell you it’s cool to do it.(在校园的最初几周，你可能会被信用卡展位和看似友好的销售人员包围。不要因为他们告诉你开信用卡很酷就想开信用卡)”可知，此处讲到信用卡的开通。由此可知，D. My best financial advice for college students is to be smart with your first credit card.(对于大学生来说，我最好的理财建议就是聪明地使用你的第一张信用卡)能够呼应标题，开启下文，符合语境。故选D。
【14题详解】
根据上文“Don’t be tempted to open a credit card just because they tell you it’s cool to do it.(不要因为他们告诉你开信用卡很酷就想开信用卡)”及下文“Ask the salespeople to explain the fine print (附加条款) to you and look for a card with no annual fee, good rewards, and of course — a reasonable interest rate. If they tell you that the offer is only good for that day, just do yourself a favor and walk away.(请销售人员向您解释详细信息，并寻找一张没有年费、有丰厚回报的卡，当然还有合理的利率。如果他们告诉你，这个提议只适用于当天，那就帮自己一个忙，然后走开)”可知，不要随意开通信用卡，要慎重对待自己的第一张信用卡。由此可知，B. Building credit is important, and so is opening your first credit card.(建立信用很重要，办理你的第一张信用卡也同样重要)能够呈上启下，同时呼应本段小标题。故选B。
【15题详解】
根据下文“My best money tip is to start now saving small and gradually increase.(我最好的省钱建议是现在就开始小额储蓄，然后逐渐增加)”可知，本段讲述的是学会存钱。由此可知，E. Learn to start saving a little each month. (学会开始每个月都存一点)适合作本段小标题，符合语境。故选E。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Getting a job in college is important.(在大学找一份工作很重要)”可知，此处建议在大学里找工作。由此可知，A. You can earn “spending money” and even save some to put toward books, supplies, and your student loans. (你可以赚到“花的钱”，甚至可以存一些钱用来买书、买用品和支付学生贷款)能够承接上文，这正是找工作会带来的积极结果，符合语境。故选A。
III.完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Two-year-old Nancy is deaf. However, that hasn’t stopped her from being a(n) ____17____ little girl trying to “chat” to anyone she meets. As soon as she goes out into town with her parents, she starts ____18____ in the hope that the person she is talking to ____19____ sign language too.
Normally hearing loss is a social ____20____ for those who don’t know how to use sign language. Anyone Nancy tried to talk to ____21____ this and felt so sorry they couldn’t ____22____.
Then, something amazing happened. Instead of causing a ____23____, this barrier brought the community together. Determined to ____24____ sign language so that they could talk to Nancy, her ____25____ hired an instructor, and took classes together. The teacher ____26____ that this is really remarkable because, quite often, even the parents of deaf children don’t ____27____ to learn the language. But here Nancy has a full community that is signing with her, and it is a ____28____ story.
The teacher also says that this level of inclusion will guarantee that Nancy will be a happier individual in the future. Nancy’s parents are already noticing a ____29____ in their daughter and how ____30____ they are to their neighbors.
With a little girl and a lot of love, the neighbors ____31____ make the neighborhood a community.
17. A. independent B. helpful C. outgoing D. generous
18. A. signing B. cheering C. waving D. smiling
19. A. accepts B. appreciates C. recognizes D. knows
20. A. mistake B. barrier C. conflict D. stress
21. A. discussed B. ignored C. realized D. denied
22. A. respond B. apologize C. return D. agree
23. A. debate B. separation C. complaint D. panic
24. A. create B. learn C. translate D. improve
25. A. classmates B. parents C. teachers D. neighbours
26. A. warns B. predicts C. admits D. regrets
27. A. fail B. bother C. hesitate D. refuse
28. A. relaxing B. popular C. satisfying D. beautiful
29. A. potential B. belief C. strength D. difference
30. A. friendly B. grateful C. important D. familiar
31. A. truly B. almost C. merely D. even
【答案】17. C 18. A 19. D 20. B 21. C 22. A 23. B 24. B 25. D 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. D 30. B 31. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。Nancy从小失聪，但是这并没有阻止她成为一个想要与人沟通的外向的孩子。随着她长大，她开始运用手语和周围的人交流，但是大家都听不懂。于是社区里的邻居们请了一位老师来教他们学习手语，老师也承认这是一件了不起的举动。有了小女孩和很多的爱，这些邻居们真正地将一个社区变成了一个大家庭。
【17题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，这并没有阻止她成为一个外向的小女孩，试图和她遇到的任何人“聊天”。A. independent 独立的；B. helpful有帮助的；C. outgoing 外向的；D. generous 慷慨的。根据下文“little girl trying to ‘chat’ to anyone she meets”可知，失聪并没有阻止Nancy成为一个外向的小女孩，故选C项。
【18题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她一和父母一起进城，就开始用手语，希望和她说话的人也懂手语。A. signing打手语；B. cheering欢呼；C. waving挥手；D. smiling微笑。根据第一句“Two-year-old Nancy is deaf.”和该句末的“sign language”可知，Nancy失聪了，所以她只能用‘手语’与人交流。故选A项。
【19题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她一和父母一起进城，就开始用手语，希望和她说话的人也懂手语。A. accepts接受；B. appreciates感激；C. recognizes认出；D. knows懂得；知道。根据上文的内容可知，Nancy失聪了，她用手语和人交流，所以她一定希望和她交谈的人也懂手语，故选D项。
【20题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：正常情况下，对于那些不知道如何使用手语的人来说，听力丧失是一种社交障碍。A. mistake错误；B. barrier障碍；C. conflict冲突；D. stress压力。根据句意和下一段的“this barrier”可知，听力丧失的人，如果不知道如何使用手语肯定会遇到社交障碍。故选B项。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每一个和南茜试图交谈的人都意识到了这一点，他们很抱歉他们不能回应。A. discussed讨论；B. ignored忽视；C. realized意识到；D. denied拒绝。根据空格后的“this”和“felt sorry”可知，大家都意识到听力丧失的人，如果不知道如何使用手语肯定会遇到社交障碍。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每一个和南茜试图交谈的人都意识到了这一点，他们很抱歉他们不能回应。A. respond回答，回应；B. apologize道歉；C. return归还；D. agree同意。根据句中的“felt sorry”可知，Nancy和大家交流时，大家不能做出回应。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种障碍并没有把大家分开，反而把社区团结在了一起。A. debate辩论；B. separation分离；分开；C. complaint抱怨；D. panic恐慌。根据句中的“instead of”和“brought the community together”可知，空格处的词和“bring…together”应该是反义词，所以应该用separation。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的邻居们决定学习手语，这样他们就可以和南希交谈了，于是他们雇了一位老师，一起上课。A. create创造；B. learn学会；C. translate翻译；D. improve改善。根据下文“hired an instructor”和“they could talk to Nancy”可知，他们决心要学会手语来跟Nancy沟通。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的邻居们决定学习手语，这样他们就可以和南希交谈了，于是他们雇了一位老师，一起上课。A. classmates同学；B. parents父母；C. teachers老师；D. neighbors邻居。根据上文“the community”和最后一段的“the neighbors”可知，Nancy的邻居们请了一位教师教他们手语。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位老师承认，这真的很了不起，因为很多时候，即使是失聪儿童的父母也不会费心去学习这种语言。A. warns警告；B. predicts预言；C. admits承认；D. regrets后悔。根据后面that从句的内容可知，这肯定是这位老师对邻居们请老师教他们手语这件事的看法。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位老师承认，这真的很了不起，因为很多时候，即使是失聪儿童的父母也不会费心去学习这种语言。A. fail失败；B. bother费心；C. hesitate犹豫；D. refuse 拒绝。根据句意和句中的“even”可知，即使是失聪儿童的父母也不会费心去学习手语。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但在这里，南希有一个完整的社区，和她一起用手语交流，这是一个美丽的故事。A. relaxing放松的；B. popular受欢迎的；C. satisfying 令人满意的；D. beautiful美丽的。根据上文的内容可知，邻居们为了和Nancy交流，请老师教他们手语，这肯定是一个美丽的故事。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：南希的父母已经注意到他们女儿的不同，以及他们对邻居的感激之情。A. potential潜能；B. belief信仰；C. strength力量；D. difference不同。根据上文的“a happier individual”可知，因为邻居们可以和Nancy交流，Nancy的父母肯定注意到Nancy比以前不同了。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：南希的父母已经注意到他们女儿的不同，以及他们对邻居的感激之情。A. friendly友好的；B. grateful感激的；C. important重要的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据上文提到的邻居们为Nancy所做的事，她的父母肯定是对邻居们充满感激之情。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：有了小女孩和很多的爱，这些邻居们真正地将一个社区变成了一个大家庭。A. truly真正地；B. almost几乎；C. merely只不过；D. even甚至。根据上文讲述的邻居们为Nancy所做的事可知，邻居们真正地把这个社区变成了一个大家庭。故选A项。
IV.单项选择(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下列句子，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
32. ______ out by the long journey, he ______ asleep the moment he laid his head on the pillow.
A. Worn; was falling B. Being worn; had fallen
C. Worn; fell D. Being worn; would fall
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和一般过去时。句意：长途跋涉使他疲惫不堪，当他把头放在枕头上的那一刻，他就睡着了。分析句子可知，worn out为固定短语表示“疲惫不堪；精疲力竭”，形容词短语作伴随状语，解释说明主语he；根据句意和下文的laid可知，描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时。故选C项。
33. He sent me a message ______ that he would not tolerate my temper anymore, ______ me annoyed.
A. to say; left B. saying; leaving
C. to say; had left D. saying; to leave
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他给我发信息说他再也不能容忍我的脾气了，这让我很恼火。根据句意分析句子可知，第一个空格处应该填入一个非谓语形式作定语，修饰前的名词message，因为message和动词say之间是主动关系，所以应该用现在分词saying作定语；第二个空格处应该填入一个非谓语形式作状语，因为动词leave和逗号前所说的内容之间是主动关系，所以应该用现在分词形式leaving作状语。故选B项。
34. The advertisement required that all candidates ______ their application forms by March 1, 2023.
A. would submit B. submitted
C. had submitted D. submit
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查虚拟语气用法。句意：该广告要求所有候选人在2023年3月1日前提交申请表。分析句子可知，此处为动词required表示“要求”后接that引导的宾语从句，在该宾语从句中，需要虚拟语气用法，即(should)+动词原形。故选D项。
35. After a terrible failure in my math, I began to concentrate on my studies and ______ everything else in my life.
A. tried out B. cut out
C. set out D. worked out
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：数学考砸了之后，我开始专心学习，把生活中的其他事情都抛在脑后。A. tried out尝试；B. cut out停止做某事；C. set out出发，开始；D. worked out解决，锻炼。根据句意可知，此处为动词短语cut out“停止做某事”，满足句意要求。故选B项。
36. I am not ______ enough to a boy’s feelings. Could you tell me what ______ to him?
A. enthusiastic; did happen B. innocent; happens
C. dynamic; had happened D. sensitive; happened
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析和时态。句意：我对男孩的感情不够敏感。你能告诉我他发生了什么事吗? A. enthusiastic热心的；热情的；B. innocent无知的；C. dynamic有活力的；D. sensitive敏感的。be sensitive to对……敏感。第二空为宾语从句，从句用陈述语序。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。故选D。
37. Only when the comprehensive measures are implemented straight away, ______
A. the pollution is stopped B. will the pollution be stopped
C. the pollution will be stopped D. would the pollution be stopped
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查倒装句型和动词时态。句意：只有立即实施综合措施，污染才会停止。分析句子可知，该句为only位于句首后接when引导的状语从句，主句部分需要部分倒装，即将情态动词放在主语之前，结合句意以及从句动词为一般现在时可知，该句主句动词应为表示将来的意思，为一般将来时。故选B项。
38. His lifelong ______ to the medical research led to the discovery of a new cure for the disease.
A motive B. resolve C. discipline D. commitment
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他毕生致力于医学研究的决心使他发现了治疗这种疾病的新方法。A. motive动机；B. resolve决心；坚定的信念；C. discipline纪律；D. commitment承诺。根据句意可知，他的坚定的信念促使他发现了治疗这种疾病的新方法。故选B。
39. We were wandering in the park ______ a fierce dog jumped out, ______ at us.
A. where; barked B. as; to bark
C. when; barking D. while; barked
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型和非谓语动词。句意：我们正在公园里闲逛，突然跳出一只凶猛的狗，朝我们狂吠。第一空为句型sb. was/were doing sth. when...表示“某人正在……这时……”；第二空bark与逻辑主语dog构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故选C。
40. I am so happy about ______ to work in Yunnan, a place ______ which my father spent his childhood.
A. having assigned; at B. assigned; at
C. being assigned; in D. having been assigned; in
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词、定语从句。句意：我很高兴被分配到云南工作，我父亲在那里度过了童年。分析句子结构，根据第一个空白处前面的介词about可知空白处应填动名词，因与其逻辑主语I之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，第一个空白处使用动名词的被动式；第二个空白处后面是定语从句，先行词是place，因空白处在定语从句中作状语指地点，使用“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句，根据逻辑关系，名词place前面需使用介词in构成“spent his childhood in the place(在那个地方度过了童年)”，所以第二个空白处填in，故选C项。
41. I bet you must be very tired. You ______ on the papers for 4 hours.
A. are working B. have worked
C. worked D. have been working
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：我打赌你一定很累了。你已经写论文4个小时了。根据句中时间状语“for 4 hours”可知，work这一动作从4小时前开始一直持续到现在，再结合句中“you must be very tired”可知，话语中含有强烈的感情色彩，强调一直在工作，应用现在完成进行时。故选D项。
42. If he had not skipped breakfast so frequently, he ______ with stomachache now.
A. would not end up B. would not have ended up
C. will not have ended up D. will not end up
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他不经常不吃早饭，他现在就不会胃痛了。根据后文now可知表示与现在事实相反：主句用would (should, could, might) +v.。故选A。
43. What I would like ______ now is ______ my bad habits and make up for my lost time.
A. doing; to break B. to do; breaking
C. doing; breaking D. to do; break
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语和省略to的不定式。句意：我现在想做的是改掉我的坏习惯，弥补我失去的时间。分析句子可知，该句第一处为what引导的主语从句中谓语动词的填入，为动词短语would like to do“想要做某事”；该句第二空为不定式to的省略用法，be动词is连接两个句子时，如果表语是不定式，且前文有do的某种形式时，表语的to省略。故选D项。
44. As one of his ______ friends, I take it my responsibility ______ his positive changes in his behavior.
A. devoting; facilitating B. devotion; to facilitate
C. devoted; facilitating D. devoted; to facilitate
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词及非谓语动词。句意：作为他忠实的朋友之一，我有责任帮助他在行为上做出积极的改变。devotion“奉献，献身”为名词；形容词devoted，意为“忠诚的”，devoted friends“忠诚的朋友”；句子it是形式宾语，所以此处应用不定式作真正的宾语，结合选项可知，选项D符合题意，故选D。
45. He is said______ his third novel last month.
A. releasing B. to release
C. having released D. to have released
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：据说他上个月出版了他的第三部小说。分析句子结构可知，此处应为固定用法be said to do sth.意为“据说……”可知，此处应使用不定式形式，且根据句意和时间状语last month可知，release这一动作已经发生，所以使用不定式的完成式，且表示主动意义，所以应为to have released。故选D项。
46. ______ is known to us, racial prejudice is still in existence in some countries and no one knows for sure ______ it will be wiped out.
A. It; where B. As; when C. What; how D. That; what
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句和宾语从句。句意：正如我们所知，种族偏见在一些国家仍然存在，没有人确切地知道它什么时候会被消灭。分析句子可知，该句第一空为关系代词As引导的非限制性定语从句，As指代后面整个句子的意思，可以至于句首，有“正如……一样”的意思；该句第二空为连接副词when引导的宾语从句，when在从句中作主语成分，意为“什么时候”。故选B项。
V.单词拼写(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
根据首字母或括号里的中文填写单词完成句子。(请使用选择性必修三Unit2-Unit5新学词汇)(请在答题卷上填上完整的单词，包括所给的首字母)
47. While a m______ amount of pressure can be beneficial, too much pressure can exhaust you.(根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】moderate##oderate
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：适度的压力是有益的，但压力太大会让你筋疲力尽。根据句中“too much pressure can exhaust you”可知，此处指适度的压力是有益的，结合首字母提示可知，此处用形容词moderate，意为“适度的”，修饰名词amount，作定语。故填moderate。
48. The chess competition is open to both a ______ and professionals. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】amateurs##mateurs
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：象棋比赛对业余选手和专业选手都开放。根据汉语意思和首字母可知，此处表示“业余爱好者”，为名词amateur，作宾语，为可数名词，前面无冠词，此处应用复数形式表示泛指，故填amateurs。
49. Some fake designer clothes are so good that people have no idea they are not buying the g _______article. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】genuine##enuine
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：一些假冒的名牌衣服非常好，以至于人们不知道他们买的不是正品。根据句意和句子结构，设空处应用形容词，根据首字母，应用genuine，意为“真正的，非伪造的”，与前半句的fake（冒牌的）相呼应，作article的前置定语。故填genuine
50. Public order was quickly r______ after the chaos. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】restored##estored
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：混乱过后，公共秩序很快恢复了。根据单词首字母以及句意可知应填动词restore，与主语构成被动关系，结合was可知为一般过去时的被动语态。故填restored。
51. The creation of an efficient and ______ (可持续的) transport system is critical to the development of our country. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】sustainable
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：建立一个高效和可持续的运输系统对我国的发展至关重要。根据汉语提示可知应填形容词sustainable，作定语修饰名词system。故填sustainable。
52. The boat rocked up and down in ______ (节奏) with the sea. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】rhythm
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：船随着大海的节奏上下摇晃。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处应用名词rhythm，构成介词短语in rhythm with“与……保持节奏”，作宾语。故填rhythm。
53. It seemed that he did not lie, for his accounts of the accident c______ with the radio broadcast. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】coincided##oincided
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：他似乎没有说谎，因为他对事故的叙述与电台广播广播的一致。根据句意和首字母可知，此处表示“一致”为动词coincide，coincide with固定搭配，意为“与……一致”，coincide在for后面的句子中作谓语，由seemed和did可知，句子描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，故填coincided。
54. Of students who study in the US, the majority go to California, New York and Texas, ______(分别地). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】respectively
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：在美国留学的学生中，大多数分别去了加利福尼亚州、纽约州和得克萨斯州。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作状语使用副词，根据汉语提示，表示“分别地”含义的副词为respectively，故填respectively。
55. As spring is coming, the fields around are s______with wheat. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】sown##sowed##own##owed
【解析】
【详解】考查动词和被动语态。句意：春天来了，周围的田地里种满了小麦。根据单词首字母以及句意“种满了”可知，空格处涉及单词“sow”，意为“种，播种”，动词词性，“fields”和“sow”为被动关系，故句子为一般现在时的被动语态，空格处应用“sow”的过去分词“sown”或“sowed”。故填sown/sowed。
56. Tourists often disturb the ________ (脆弱的) balance of nature on the island. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】delicate
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：游客常常破坏岛上脆弱的自然平衡。根据句子结构和汉语提示可知，此处应用形容词delicate作定语，修饰名词词组balance of nature。故填delicate。
57. The police carried out a ______ (彻底的) search of the building. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】thorough
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：警察对大楼进行了彻底搜查。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为形容词thorough“彻底的”作定语修饰search，满足句意要求。故填thorough。
58. The video on the Antarctic is meant to s ______students’ curiosity about the vast ice land. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】stimulate##timulate
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：这段关于南极的视频是为了激发学生们对这片广袤冰原的好奇心。根据句意及首字母提示可知，此处的含义为“激发”，动词stimulate，意为“激发，激励”，空前to为不定式，所以动词用原形。故填stimulate。
59. If the drug does get ______ (吸收) and then persist, it is probably worth developing further. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】absorbed
【解析】
【详解】考查过去分词。句意：如果药物确实被吸收并持续存在，那么它可能值得进一步开发。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为动词absorb“吸收”，满足句意要求，结合句意以及空前get可知，此处为get done形式，表示被动的情况，满足句意要求。故填absorbed。
60. He expressed ______ (同情) for the families of the victims in his speech. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】sympathy
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：他在讲话中对遇难者家属表示同情。“同情”为名词sympathy，作宾语，为不可数名词，故填sympathy。
61. The instructions in the handbook look very ______ (复杂的). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】complicated
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：手册上的说明看起来很复杂。根据汉语提示“复杂的”可知，应填形容词complicated，作表语。故填complicated。
VI.课文填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
根据课文内容，在空白处填入所缺的单词。
Passage 1
62. For example, some of them may become ________ in tobacco or alcohol ________, which can lead to physical and mental health problems. To prevent harmful habits like these from ________ a teenager’s life is essential. (根据句意填空)
【答案】 ①. involved ②. abuse ③. dominating
【解析】
【导语】
【详解】考查形容词，名词和动词。句意：例如，他们中的一些人可能涉及烟草或酒精滥用，这可能导致身心健康问题。防止这些有害的习惯主宰青少年的生活是至关重要的。第一空表示“涉及”，为短语become/be involved in；第二空表示“滥用”为名词abuse，为不可数名词；第三空表示“主导”为动词dominate，由介词from可知，应用动名词形式，故填①involved②abuse③dominating。
Passage 2
63. Governments need to consider making ________ and taking ________ actions and measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. We as individuals can also reduce our “carbon footprint” by ________ the amount of carbon dioxide our lifestyles produce. (根据句意填空)
【答案】 ①. policies ②. appropriate ③. restricting
【解析】
【详解】考查名词、形容词和动词。句意：政府需要考虑制定政策并采取适当的行动和措施来减少温室气体排放。作为个人，我们也可以通过限制我们生活方式产生的二氧化碳量来减少我们的“碳足迹”。第一空作宾语，结合句意“政策”应用复数名词policies；第二空作定语修饰名词actions，结合句意“适当的”应用形容词appropriate；第三空结合句意“限制”应用动词restrict，作介词的宾语应用动名词形式。故填①policies；②appropriate；③restricting。
Passage 3
64. Before we ________ the ship. Shackleton calmly called us together and told us to rescue our most essential supplies... We were not allowed to take most of our personal ________ and Shackleton himself threw away all his gold. (根据句意填空)
【答案】 ①. abandoned ②. belongings
【解析】
【详解】考查动词和名词复数。句意： 在我们弃船之前, 沙克尔顿平静地把我们叫到一起, 告诉我们要抢救最重要的物资……。他不允许我们带走大部分的个人物品, 沙克尔顿自己也扔掉了自己所有的黄金。根据语境可知，第一空为“放弃”，动词abandon“放弃”，结合下文called可知，动作发生在过去，所以第一空用abandoned；结合第二空的语境，这里指我们个人的物品，personal belongings“个人物品”。故填①abandoned；②belongings。
Passage 4
65. The distinctive characteristics of poetry often include economical use of words, ________ and vivid language, integrated imagery, ________ devices such as similes and metaphors, and arrangement of words, lines, rhymes, and rhythm. (根据句意填空)
【答案】 ①. descriptive ②. literary
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：诗歌的显著特点通常包括：用词简洁、语言描述生动、形象、具备整合的意象、使用明喻和隐喻等文学手法，词、句韵、节奏等编排有序。结合句意第一空表示“描述的”应用形容词descriptive，作定语修饰名词language；第二空结合句意表示“文学的”应用形容词literary，作定语修饰devices。故填①descriptive；②literary。
VII.语篇填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个恰当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
If you feel ____66____ (stress) by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify those of ____67____ (great) and less importance. Then, handle the most important tasks first so you’ll feel a real sense of ____68____ (achieve). Leaving the less important things until tomorrow ____69____ (be) often acceptable.
Most of us focus more attention ____70____ our tasks in the morning than we do later in the day. So, get an early start and try to be as productive as possible before lunch. This will give you the confidence you need to get you through the afternoon and go home feeling satisfied
Recent ____71____ (study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks ____72____ (regular). Give your body and brain ____73____ rest by stepping outside for a while, exercising, or doing something you enjoy.
If you find something you love doing outside of the office, you’ll be less likely ____74____ (bring) your work home. It could be anything— gardening, cooking music, sports— _____75_____ whatever it is, make sure it’s a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.
【答案】66 stressed
67. greater
68. achievement
69. is 70. on
71. studies
72. regularly
73. a 74. to bring
75. but
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了释放工作压力的方法。
【66题详解】
考查形容词。句意：如果你在工作中感到压力，你应该退一步，找出那些更重要和更不重要的事情。作表语，修饰人应用形容词stressed。故填stressed。
【67题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：如果你在工作中感到压力，你应该退一步，找出那些更重要和更不重要的事情。根据空后的“and less importance”可知，空处与less并列，应填比较级，故填greater。
【68题详解】
考查名词。句意：然后，先处理最重要的任务，这样你会有一种真正的成就感。a sense of achievement为固定短语，意为“成就感”，其中of为介词，之后加名词形式，故填achievement。
【69题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：把不太重要的事情留到明天做通常是可以接受的。根据上下文可知，此句应该用一般现在时；单个的动名词做主语，谓语动词用单数，故填is。
【70题详解】
考查介词。句意：我们大多数人在早上比在晚上更专注于我们的任务。表示“专注于”可知短语focus on。故填on。
【71题详解】
考查名词单复数。句意：最近的研究表明，如果我们经常有规律地短时间休息，工作效率会大大提高。study在此处表示“研究”，是可数名词，根据“show”可知，此处应该用复数，故填studies。
【72题详解】
考查副词。句意：最近的研究表明，如果我们经常有规律地短时间休息，工作效率会大大提高。此处应该用副词修饰动词take，故填regularly。
【73题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：出去走走，锻炼一下，或者做一些你喜欢的事情，让你的身体和大脑得到休息。give a break为固定搭配，意为“休息”，故填a。
【74题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：如果你在办公室之外发现了自己喜欢做的事情，你就不太可能把工作带回家。be likely to do为固定用法，意为“有可能做某事”，故填to bring。
75题详解】
考查连词。句意：它可以是任何事情——园艺、烹饪、音乐、运动——但不管是什么，确保它是一种日常压力的缓解，而不是另一件需要担心的事情。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，应用连词but。故填but。
VIII.完成句子(共5小题;每小题3分，满分15分)
根据中文意思完成下列句子。
76. 有些时候你的心思不在工作上，这会影响你未来的晋升的。
There are ______ your heart ______ your work, ______ your future promotion.
【答案】 ①. times when ②. is not in ③. which can affect
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句、动词短语。根据句意以及句子结构可知，该句第一空应为关系副词when引导的定语从句，由are可知，“时候”为名词复数times，为先行词，且关系副词在从句中作时间状语成分；该句第二处应为动词短语be not in sth表示“不在……里面”，句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，主语是your heart，be动词应用is；该句第三处应为关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面整句话在从句中作主语成分，在该从句中，表示“影响”为动词affect。故分别填times when；is not in；which can affect。
77. 这支由船员和医生组成的救援队成功地防止了形势的恶化。
The rescue team ______ sailors and doctors ______ stopping the situation going from bad ______.
【答案】 ①. consisting of ②. succeeded in ③. to worse
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词、动词短语和固定短语。根据句意以及句子结构可知，该句第一处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰rescue team，rescue team和动词consist of“由……组成”为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式；该句第二处为动词短语succeed in doing sth“成功做某事”；该句第三处为固定短语go from bad to worse“每况愈下，情况越来越糟”，满足句意要求，结合句意可知，该句应为一般过去时。故分别填consisting of；succeeded in；to worse。
78. 为了应对粮食短缺问题，开展了全国范围的反对浪费粮食的斗争。
______ food shortage, a nationwide ______ food waste ______.
【答案】 ①. In response to ②. campaign against ③. was launched
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语。第一空表示“为了应对”短语为In response to；第二空表示“反对浪费粮食的斗争”应用campaign against；第三空表示“开展”应用launch，结合语境可知为一般过去时的被动语态。故填①In response to；②campaign against；③was launched。
79. 尽管他被导演拒绝了很多次，他坚持自己表演的梦想。
Despite ______ he ______by directors many a time, he ______ his acting dream.
【答案】 ①. that ②. was refused ③. stuck to
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型和时态语态。第一空表示“尽管”应用despite that句型；第二空表示“决绝”应用动词refuse，与主语构成被动关系，结合语境可知为一般过去时的被动语态；第三空表示“坚持”短语为stick to，为一般过去时。故填①that；②was refused；③stuck to。
80. 这家饭店在被罚款前已经被警告不能把厨房垃圾倒在河里。
The restaurant had been warned ______ pouring ______ into the river before it ______.
【答案】 ①. against ②. kitchen-waste ③. was fined
【解析】
【详解】考查介词、名词、被动语态。根据汉语提示，表示“警告……不要做……”含义的动词短语为warn sb against，故第一个空白处填against；表示“厨房垃圾”含义的表达为kitchen-waste，所以第二个空白处填kitchen-waste；第三个空白处在以before为连接词的时间状语从句中做谓语，与主语之间为被动关系，使用被动语态，因从句表示的是发生在过去的动作，使用一般过去时的被动语态，所以第三个空白处填was fined，故填①against；②kitchen-waste；③was fined。
IX.写作(满分15分)
81. 诗歌语言凝练，情感丰富，启迪思想，浸润人心。请以“If winter comes, can spring be far behind?”为题写一篇短文。
内容包括：
1. 你对这句诗的理解；
2. 结合你自己或他人的生活经历，举例说明；
3. 你的感悟或遐想。
注意：1.写作词数应为100左右；
2. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
If winter comes, can spring be far behind?
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
If winter comes, can spring be far behind? The great quote, which comes from Percy Bysshe Shelley's "Ode to the West Wind", expresses the power of hope and belief. In life, we often encounter setbacks and difficulties, such as breakups, job losses, or other life events. At this time, we need to remind ourselves, like this quote, that even if we experience the cold and desolation of winter, spring will always come.
For example, if you are looking for a job, have applied to many places, but have not received any responses, you may feel disappointed and despondent. However, it's important to remember that the “winter” you may be experiencing is only a short stage in your life journey, and you may soon encounter the “spring” of your life.
To me, the real meaning of this quote is to face every stage of life with hope and belief. Just like the sun and greenery of spring give people hope and vitality, we should also believe that hope and success are not far away in any situation. It may require patience and hard work, but we must believe that after waiting, we will see the beauty of life.
In conclusion, this quote expresses a positive and optimistic attitude towards life. No matter what difficulties or setbacks we face, we should always believe that we will receive rewards for our efforts, and waiting patiently will bring a beautiful spring.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生就“If winter comes, can spring be far behind?”的理解写一篇短文。
【详解】1.词汇积累
遇到：encounter→come across
寻找：looking for→seeking
要求：require→request
乐观的：optimistic→positive
2.句式拓展
同义句替换
原句：To me, the real meaning of this quote is to face every stage of life with hope and belief.
同义句：In my opinion, the true essence of this quote is to approach every phase of life with optimism and faith.
【点睛】【高分句型1】The great quote, which comes from Percy Bysshe Shelley's “Ode to the West Wind”, expresses the power of hope and belief. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】No matter what difficulties or setbacks we face, we should always believe that we will receive rewards for our efforts, and waiting patiently will bring a beautiful spring. (运用了No matter what引导的让步状语从句)
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