2022-2023学年黑龙江省佳木斯重点中学高二下学期期中英语试卷含解析

这是一份2022-2023学年黑龙江省佳木斯重点中学高二下学期期中英语试卷含解析，共20页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，阅读七选五，完形填空，语法填空，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2022-2023学年黑龙江省佳木斯重点中学高二（下）期中英语试卷

一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）
A
Icehouse and ice ticket
As early as Pre-Qin Dynasty，people used natural ice to keep food fresh and make cold drinks.The Zhou royal court had a specialized department called "ice administration".They collected natural ice blocks each December to store in the icehouse.During the Qing Dynasty， "ice tickets" were used and they were available only to officials and the rich.
Ice container
The most commonly used cooling tool is called "Jian"，which is a big container filled with ice.It was made of clay in early Chinese history，and was later made of copper（铜）.The "Jian" can be seen as an ancient refrigerator，which can be used to make cold drinks.
Hiding food in the well
During the Qin and Han dynasties，for common people，the most common way to cool off is by using their wells.Some families put a pot in the well as a cold closet，or put food in a basket and lowered the basket into the well with a rope.
Herbal drinks
During the Qing Dynasty，taking Chinese herbal medicine was popular in Beijing.In hot summer，some people preferred to drink ice water，some boiled perilla leaves，and liquorice as summer soup to keep off the heat.Ancient people also loved to make lotus seed soup in summer for the benefit of strengthening the body.
1. What does "Jian" have the same function as？ ______
A. Container. B. Refrigerator. C. Clay. D. Copper.
2. Which of the following is unavailable to common people？ ______
A. Ice tickets. B. Ice container.
C. Hiding food in the well. D. Herbal drinks.
3. What's the common purpose of the above four ways？ ______
A. To strengthen the body. B. To keep food fresh.
C. To escape the summer heat. D. To make cold drinks.
B
When I set down a cup of soup in front of one of "The Party"， she glanced down at it， and then frowned. "Hannah， I asked for a half cup of soup，" she said， sounding angrily， "You are always so slow. I don't know how you always mess up our orders."
I politely mumbled an apology. It was only a cup of soup， and an honest mistake， but I felt like such a disaster.
The residents at the high-end senior living community， where I served as a waitress in the cafeteria， expected nothing less than a five-star dining experience and my small mistake was not to be tolerated.
When I first started working there， I was already shy and couldn't stand the idea that someone didn't like me. Early on， when residents would scold or criticize me with or without reasons， I felt like crawling under a rock.
The most difficult guests by far were a group of six women who the servers nicknamed "The Party." At first， they seemed friendly. But the truth is that they were rude and demanding. I would leave the dining room exhausted almost every night after serving them.
Somehow those rough nights started to change me to become more outgoing and self-assured. The residents gradually depend on me and my "convinced" smile. I used to have trouble speaking in front of a group and would be shy when I did. Now， I have no problem walking up to a table of fourteen people and making conversation as if I had known them my whole life.
I give credit to "The Party" for putting me in a situation where I had no choice but to smile and carry on. Today， when I see "The Party"， I still flinch a little inside， but then I pull back my shoulders， lift my chin and march up to them ask， "What's it going to be today， ladies？"
4. What do we know about the residents？ ______
A. They are very picky about services.
B. They all enjoy having meals in groups.
C. They all behave nicely and reasonably.
D. They all find favors in the eyes of the servers.
5. Which is the quality the author possesses now？ ______
A. Shyness. B. Confidence. C. Selfishness. D. Indifference.
6. What does the underline word "flinch" mean？ ______
A. take in. B. beat up. C. cheer up. D. draw back.
7. What moral lesson can we take from this story？ ______
A. Where there is a will， there is a way.
B. Practice makes perfect.
C. What doesn't kill you makes you stronger.
D. With great power comes great responsibility.
C
    A woman held her phone tightly to her heart the way a church-goer might hold a Bible. She was anxious to take a picture of an impressive bunch of flowers that sat not so far away, but first she had to get through a crowd of others pushing their way to do the same. The cause of this was Bouquets to Art, one of the most popular events at the de Young Museum in San Francisco.
    Flower sellers were asked to create flower arrangements that respond to pieces of art on display, from ancient carvings to contemporary sculptures. It's extremely attractive and also memorable, to the point that it has become a problem.
    In recent years, the de Young received more than a thousand complaints from people who felt that cell phones had spoiled their experience of the exhibit. Institutions of fine art around the world face similar problems as the desire to take photographs becomes a huge attraction for museums, as well as something that upsets some of their patrons (资助人). So the de Young responded with a kind of compromise: carving out "photo free" hours during the exhibition's six-day run.
    One common complaint about the effect of social media on museum culture is that people seem to be missing out on experiences because they are so busy collecting evidence of them. A study recently published in the journal Psychological Science suggests there is some truth to this. It finds that people who keep taking photos of an exhibit and posting them on social media rather than simply observing it have a hard time remembering what they see. But the issue is complex for the professionals running museums. Linda Butler, the de Young's head of marketing and visitor experience, acknowledges that not everyone wants a museum to be "a photo-taking playland". Yet a lot of people do and she believes that the de Young is in no position to judge one reason for buying a ＄28 ticket to be more valid than another. "If we removed social media and photography," she says. "We would risk becoming irrelevant."
8. What was the woman eager to do according to Paragraph 1?
A. To get her phone. B. To escape the crowd.
C. To take a photo. D. To push ahead.
9. How did the de Young respond to the dilemma?
A. By setting periods without photo-taking.
B. By making the exhibition free of charge.
C. By compromising with the government.
D. By extending the free exhibition hours.
10. The recent study finds that the use of social media in museums may ______.
A. uncover the truth B. cause irrelevancy
C. bring more pleasure D. play a negative role
11. Which of the following may Linda Butler support? 
A. Reducing admission prices.
B. Catering to visitors.
C. Reserving judgement in public.
D. Banning social media and photography.
D
    With no special equipment, no fences and no watering, two abandoned agricultural fields in the UK have been rewilded (重新野化), in large part due to the efforts of jays, which actually "engineered" these new woodlands. Researchers now hope that rewilding projects can take a more natural and hands-off approach and that jays can some of their bad reputations.
    The two fields, which researchers have called the New Wilderness and the Old Wilderness, had been abandoned in 1996 and 1961 respectively. The former was a bare field, while the latter was grassland—both lay next to ancient woodlands. Researchers had suspected that the fields would gradually return to wilderness, but it was impressive to see just how quickly this happened, and how much of it was owed to birds.
    Using aerial data, the researchers monitored the two sites. After just 24 years, the New Wilderness had grown into a young, healthy wood with 132 live trees per hectare, over half of which (57%) were oaks. Meanwhile, the Old Wilderness resembled a mature woodland after 39 years, with 390 trees per hectare.
    "This native woodland restoration was approaching the structure (but not the species composition) of long-established woodlands within six decades," the researchers explained in the study.
    Part of this reforestation was done by the wind, and researchers suspect that previous ground disturbance may have aided the woodland establishment—which is good news, as it would suggest that agricultural areas may be reforested faster than anticipated. However, animals—Eurasian jays, thrushes, wood mice, and squirrels—also played an important role in helping the forests take shape. This handful of species provided much of the natural regeneration needed for the forest to develop. Jays, in particular, seem to have done a lot of heavy lifting.
12. What does the underlined word "shed" in Paragraph 1 refer to?
A. Be opposed to. B. Be ashamed of. C. Get used to. D. Get rid of.
13. Which aspect of the changes in the two fields impressed the researchers?
A. The scale of the woodlands. B. The diversity of the fields.
C. The rate of the changes. D. The frequency of the wilderness.
14. What does the author want to tell us by providing some data in paragraph 3?
A. The woodland restoration was approaching the structure of long-established ones.
B. Much of the wilderness of the fields was owed to birds.
C. Previous ground disturbance aided the woodland establishment.
D. How quickly the fields returned to wilderness over time.
15. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about?
A. The essential role of humans in the reforestation.
B. The factors that contribute to the reforestation.
C. The importance of woodland establishment.
D. The threats faced by a handful of wild animals.

二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）
Here are some tips to get your little ones to help you do housework naturally.
Expose kids to housework as much as possible When they are young，let them watch you cook，wash clothes or walk the dog，or let them help make a bed. （1） ______ .
Especially during the early years，give children the opportunity to wander over and watch what's going on with the adults. （2） ______ .No lecturing or explanation is needed.This psychological integration（融人）into the family is really important for kids to learn to work together with others later in life.
（ 3） ______ .
A big motivating force for young children is being around their family，working on a common goal.This motivation is lost if we divide up housework so everyone is working alone.Therefore，if you're doing laundry，be sure everyone is folding everyone's clothes.If you have the children just fold their own clothes，the task becomes more about working independently.
Don't force it Sometimes people think that to get children to do housework，the parents must be doing a really good job of controlling the kids. （4） ______ .The aim is not to control the kids，but rather to develop the children's own initiative（主动性）.
Forcing the child actually has the opposite effect.It can generate resistance.
（ 5） ______ .Asking a little kid "Could you help me with this？" often gets them on board more often than simply saying "You must do this".

A.Actually，the opposite is true
B.Always aim to work together
C.The goal is to control the parents
D.Change your mind about young children
E.Just like adults，kids don't like being bossed around
F.You'll be surprised by how much children learn by simply observing what you do
G.Basically，be sure they're around anything you want them to help you later in life
16.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G

三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共22.5分）
My journey to isolation（隔离）in Antarctica was somewhat accidental.I saw a（n） (21)for a position as a leader for an expedition（探险）to Antarctica and was interested. (22)，it was the picture of a penguin in the ad that caught my attention.It(23) that they were looking for someone in charge of an expedition team.I took part in a job(24)and then got a job that I knew had I not gone for it I would (25) .
(26) 18 strangers around the clock for a full year，with no(27)from the cold and strong winds，I learned a lot.Being in isolation meant I had to do lots of self (28) .Every day I would think carefully of how I had operated as a leader.That discipline of(29)myself taught me how to tell right from wrong.
After returning from the silent Antarctica，the noise in the outside world seemed(30) .It took me about 180 days to(31) to the noisy life.I limited the time I spent outside and gradually(32)my tolerance to noise.Besides，the(33) of my life in Antarctica was very slow，just like everyone's life in lockdown（禁闭期）due to the COVID-19.When l first got into my car for a ride alone，I felt like I was (34)， even though I wasn't.
Nowadays I often think back to when I saw the (35) that inspired me to look at the ad for the job -a moment that changed my life altogether.
21.  A. requirement B. picture C. advertisement D. accident
22.  A. Actually B. Ultimately C. Consequently D. Subsequently
23.  A. believed B. ordered C. promised D. noted
24.  A. experiment B. interview C. election D. investigation
25.  A. decline B. delay C. regret D. accept
26.  A. Seeking B. Leading C. Knowing D. Training
27.  A. suffer B. escape C. concern D. favor
28.  A. ambition B. adaptation C. recognition D. reflection
29.  A. evaluating B. blocking C. behaving D. enjoying
30.  A. louder B. gone C. quieter D. normal
31.  A. prefer B. sustain C. adjust D. tailor
32.  A. put off B. turned up C. took off D. built up
33.  A. track B. pace C. quantity D. mode
34.  A. running B. driving C. wandering D. speeding
35.  A. penguin B. leader C. teammate D. advertiser
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
36. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Numerous Chinese cultural and art treasures （1） ______ （ put） on show in many part of the world over the past years，showcasing the fantastic Chinese civilization on the global stage and （2） ______ （ promote） cultural exchanges.
Two years ago，New Zealand's national started a four-month exhibition，where both Terracotta Warriors （兵马俑）（ 3） ______ more than 160 antique pieces made of gold，jade，and bronze were displayed.On the opening day，local citizens lined up to enjoy this "once in a lifetime" experience.The exhibition，（ 4） ______ provided visitors with some knowledge of long-standing Chinese civilization，was （5） ______ （ high） appreciated for the individuality of each terracotta warrior and the （6） ______ （ believable） creativity needed to build the army.
Treasures showing the lives of emperors and expresses also went on display in museums in Washington D.C.and Moscow last year，（ 7） ______ over 100 pieces being put on show，including realistic （8） ______ （ painting），furnishings and jewelry from the Palace Museum in Beijing.The exhibition was also a huge success.
Chinese and foreign museums have been making exchanges （9） ______ （ encourage） dialog between civilizations and foster people's understanding of and engagement with cultures.It is （10） ______ important job for museums to bring the world closer.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共50.0分）
37. 许多高中生熬夜学习。对此，不同人有不同意见，请你以"高中生应熬夜学习么"为题写一篇议论文。
要求：1.从正反两个方面陈述人们不同意见；
2.给出你的见解。
注意：词数100词左右；题目已经写出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：stay up 熬夜
Should Senior High Students Stay up for study？______________
38. It was a hot June day in the suburb of Austin, Texas, and Sammy Armstrong couldn't wait to get in the water. The ten-year-old was on a camping trip with his mom, Kelley, his dad, Stacey, and his brothers, Ben and Willy.
Around 11 a.m.， Sammy and Willy accompanied their dad to Upper Falls. Below is a swimming hole, 20 feet deep in some places.
With his father watching from the rocks above, Sammy jumped in. He was a good swimmer - he had been on the swim team in his hometown of Cypress, Texas. Sammy played in the water for a while, eventually pulling himself out of the swimming hole and onto a warm big round stone and watching a group of children struggle through the river bed above. They were summer campers from Austin who, along with their coaches, were headed back to the visitors' parking lot after a morning hike. As the kids passed Father and Willy, a tiny five-year-old girl reached down to grab a water bottle and lost her balance. In an instant, she was swept over the falls.
"A girl went over the waterfall!" Father shouted loudly. Sammy caught a glimpse（一瞥） of the girl's arm and the top of her dark head as the rapids pushed her into the hollow（洞） beneath the rock, hiding her from the crowd above. She was struggling up and down in the deep water.
His father, with Willy firmly held under one arm, walked toward the edge of the waterfall to try to locate the girl, but Sammy was the one in striking distance. "You have to get her out of there!" Father yelled down to him. Sammy was nervous, but when he saw his dad just looking at him, he understood what he had to do. In fact, years in the Boy Scouts（童子军） had taught Sammy never to enter a dangerous situation without an exit strategy.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The ten-year-old took a few seconds to consider the situation._______________________
Soon, someone threw them a swimming board from the bank._______________________
答案和解析

1~3.【答案】B、A、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。从文章第二段The "Jian"can be seen as an ancient refrigerator，which can be used to make cold drinks.（"Jian"可以被视为一种古老的冰箱，可以用来制作冷饮。）可知，"Jian"与现在的冰箱用途一样。故选B项。
（2）细节理解题。从文章第一段During the Qing Dynasty， "ice tickets"were used and they were available only to officials and the rich.（在清朝，"冰票"被使用，并且只对官员和富人开放。）可知，在古代普通人无法得到冰票。故选A项。
（3）细节理解题。由小标题Icehouse and ice ticket（冰屋和冰票），Ice container（放冰容器），Hiding food in the well（把食物藏在井里），和文章最后一段During the Qing Dynasty，taking Chinese herbal medicine was popular in Beijing.In hot summer，some people preferred to drink ice water，some boiled perilla leaves，and liquorice as summer soup to keep off the heat.Ancient people also loved to make lotus seed soup in summer for the benefit of strengthening the body.（在清朝，服用中草药在北京很流行。在炎热的夏天，一些人喜欢喝冰水，一些煮熟的紫苏叶和甘草作为夏天的汤来保暖。古人也喜欢在夏天做莲子汤，以强身健体。）以及结合上面内容可知，本文主要讲述了古人是如何避暑的，A、B和D选项只是其中一种或两种方略的目的，不能以偏概全。故选C项。
本文是一篇应用文。文章简要介绍了古代人在炎炎夏日的避暑方略。
阅读理解要注意结合题目去文章中找答题依据，不可以凭空猜测，通过准确理解句意答对题目。

4~7.【答案】A、B、D、C
【解析】1． A．细节题．根据文章第三段 The residents at the high-end senior living community …expected nothing less than a five-star dining experience and my small mistake was not to be tolerated 可知，高级社区的居民期望的是五星级的就餐体验，一点小错误也不能容忍．因此他们对服务是特别挑剔的．故正确答案为A．
2． B．细节题．根据文章倒数第二段第一句 Somehow those rough nights started to change me to become more outgoing and self-assured 可知，作者现在变得更加外向和自信了．故正确答案为B．
3． D．推断题．根据文章最后一段最后一句中 but then I pull back my shoulders， lift my chin and march up to them ask， "What's it going to be today， ladies？" 可知，这是自信的表现．由 but 可知，前面应该与此处意思相反，故应为"我"仍会有一点退缩．draw back 意为"退却"，符合文意．故正确答案为D．
4． C．主旨题．本文主要讲述了作者在一个高级社区的咖啡厅里作服务员，这里的人十分挑剔，但是正是这些困难使作者从刚开始的害羞畏惧变得更加开朗自信．故C项"那些没有打倒你的事物会让你变得更强大"，符合文意．故正确答案为C．
本文主要讲述了作者在一个高级社区的咖啡厅里作服务员，这里的人十分挑剔，但是正是这些困难使作者从刚开始的害羞畏惧变得更加开朗自信．
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据．

8~11.【答案】C、A、D、B
【解析】【文章大意】本文主要讲述了社交媒体对博物馆文化的影响以及对是否允许游客在博物馆拍照的不同看法。

1. 
根据第一段She was anxious to take a picture of an impressive bunch of flowers...（她急于给一束令人印象深刻的花拍张照……）可知，这个女士急着要去拍照。故选C。
2. 
根据第三段So the de Young responded with a kind of compromise: carving out "photo free" hours during the exhibition's six-day run.（因此，de Young博物馆以一种折衷的方式做出回应：在展览为期六天的时间里开辟出“无拍照”时段。）可知，de Young通过设置不拍照的时段来应对这一困境。故选A。
3. 
根据最后一段One common complaint about the effect of social media... rather than simply observing it, have a hard time remembering what they see.（关于社交媒体对博物馆文化影响的一个常见抱怨是，人们似乎错过了体验，因为他们忙于收集体验的证据。最近发表在《心理科学》杂志上的一项研究表明，这是有道理的。它发现，那些不断拍摄展览照片并将其发布在社交媒体上而不是简单地观察展览的人，很难记住他们看到的东西。）可知，最近的研究发现，在博物馆使用社交媒体可能会起到负面作用。故选 D。
4. 
根据最后一段Linda Butler... acknowledges that not everyone wants a museum to be "a photo-taking playland"...she says. "We would risk becoming irrelevant."（de Young的营销和游客体验主管Linda Butler承认，并非所有人都希望博物馆成为“拍照的乐园”。然而，很多人希望如此，她认为，de Young没有资格判断购买28美元门票的一个理由比另一个理由更合理。“如果我们去掉社交媒体和摄影，”她说。“我们会冒着变得无关紧要的风险。”）可知，Linda Butler支持的观点是要迎合游客。故选B。


12~15.【答案】D、C、D、B
【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过研究、检测英国的两块废弃农田被重新野生化的过程，得出结论，重新造林速度比预期要快，并且该过程有了风力和一些为数不多的物种的帮助后，能够加速大自然的更新。

1. 根据文章第一段中的With no special equipment, no fences and no watering, two abandoned agricultural fields in the UK have been rewilded (重新野化), in large part due to the efforts of jays（在没有特殊设备、没有围栏、没有浇水的情况下，英国两块废弃的农田已经重新野生化，这在很大程度上要归功于松鸦的努力）以及后文some of their bad reputations（一些坏名声）可知，松鸦本来是有着坏名声的鸟类，但却帮助两块废弃农田重新野生化。所以是摆脱了坏名声。故选D。
2. 根据文章第二段中的it was impressive to see just how quickly this happened （但令人印象深刻的是，这一切发生得如此之快。）可知，工作人员认为废弃农田重新野生化的速度非常令人印象深刻。故选C。

3. 根据文章第三段中的After just 24 years, the New Wilderness had grown into a young, healthy wood with 132 live trees per hectare, over half of which (57%) were oaks. Meanwhile, the Old Wilderness resembled a mature woodland after 39 years, with 390 trees per hectare.（仅仅24年之后，新荒野就长成了一棵年轻、健康的树林，每公顷有132棵活树，其中超过一半（57%）是橡树。与此同时，老荒野在39年后变成了一个成熟的林地，每公顷有390棵树。）可知，作者进行了数据的对比，表示仅仅24年，新荒野就变成了树林，而39年后，老荒野就成了成熟的林地。由此可知，作者展示大量数据是为了告诉我们废田地重新野生化能有多快。故选D。

4. 根据文章最后一段Part of this reforestation was done by the wind （部分重新造林是由风完成的）；However, animals—Eurasian jays, thrushes, wood mice, and squirrels—also played an important role in helping the forests take shape.（然而，欧亚松鸦、鸫鸟、木鼠和松鼠等动物也在帮助森林形成中发挥了重要作用。）以及Jays, in particular, seem to have done a lot of heavy lifting.（尤其是松鸦，它们似乎做了很多繁重的工作。）可知，风力、松鸦、木鼠等动物在重新造林中发挥了重要的作用。由此可知，作者最后一段是在列举帮助重新造林的各项因素。故选B。

16~20.【答案】G、F、B、A、E
【解析】（1）G.细节理解题。根据上文When they are young，let them watch you cook，wash clothes or walk the dog，or let them help make a bed. （当他们年轻时，让他们看你做饭、洗衣服或遛狗，或者让他们帮忙铺床。）可知，上文举例介绍了让孩子尽可能多地看你做家务，让他们接触到家务，G项意为"总的来说，确保他们在你希望他们在以后的生活中帮助你做的任何事情的周围。"选项是对上文的总结，当孩子小的时候，让他们看你做饭、洗衣服或遛狗，总的来说，你想在未来的生活中让孩子帮助你做什么，就让孩子看你做什么。故选G。
（2）F.语境衔接题。根据上文Especially during the early years，give children the opportunity to wander over and watch what's going on with the adults. （特别是在早期，给孩子们一个机会去你周围闲逛，看看大人在干什么。）可知，上文再次强调让孩子多观察大人在干什么，F项意为"你会惊讶于孩子们仅仅通过观察你所做的事情就能学到多少东西"能够承接上文，让孩子多观察大人在干什么，你会惊讶于孩子们仅仅通过观察就会学到很多东西。故选F。
（3）B.标题归纳题。根据下文A big motivating force for young children is being around their family，working on a common goal. （幼儿的一大动力是与家人在一起，为共同的目标而努力。）可知，本段内容告诉我们幼儿喜欢和家人一起做一件事，为共同的目标而努力，B项意为"始终以合作为目标。"选项能够概括段落主旨，本段内容主要讲述的是要想让孩子做家务，就要始终以合作为目标，因为幼儿喜欢和家人一起做一件事，为共同的目标而努力。故选B。
（4）A.推理判断题。根据上文Sometimes people think that to get children to do housework，the parents must be doing a really good job of controlling the kids. （有时人们认为，要让孩子做家务，父母必须在控制孩子方面做得很好。）可知，上文的观点认为要让孩子做家务，父母需要控制孩子；根据下文"The aim is not to control the kids，but rather to develop the children's own initiative （主动性）. （目的不是控制孩子，而是培养孩子的主动性。）"可知，下文观点认为要让孩子做家务，不是要控制孩子，而是培养孩子的主动性，A项意为"事实上，情况恰恰相反。"选项能够承接上文并引起下文，否定了上文的观点，引出了下文的观点。故选A。
（5）E.段落主旨题。根据下文Asking a little kid "Could you help me with this？" often gets them on board more often than simply saying "You must do this". （问一个小孩"你能帮我一下吗？"经常能让他们参与进来，而不仅仅是简单地说"你必须这样做"。）可知，上文告诉我们要让一个小孩帮你做家务，不要用命令的口吻，E项意为"就像成年人一样，孩子们不喜欢被人指手画脚。"选项能够承接上文，让一个小孩帮你做家务，不要说"你必须这样做"，因为就像成年人一样，孩子们不喜欢被人指手画脚。故选E。
本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了如何让你的孩子自然地帮助你做家务。
考查选句填空。做题时要先把选项大体上翻译一下，然后通读全文，把握大意，结合前后语句及选项做出正确的选择。

21~35.【答案】C、A、D、B、C、B、B、D、A、A、C、D、B、D、A
【解析】-
1. A.requirement要求；B.picture图片；C.advertisement广告；D.accident事故。根据下文"in the ad"可知，作者看到了一则广告。故答案为C。
2. A.Actually事实上；B.Ultimately最后；C.Consequently结果；D.Subsequently随后。根据下文"it was the picture of a penguin in the ad that caught my attention"和上文的"was interested"可知，作者想强调事实上（actually），是企鹅的图片让他感兴趣。故答案为A。
3. A.believed相信；B.ordered订购；C.promised允诺；D.noted指出。句意：它指出正在寻找一个人来负责探险队。noted指出，特别提到。此处指广告里特别提到的内容。故答案为D。
4. A.experiment实验；B.interview采访；C.election选举；D.investigation调查。根据上文"someone in charge of an expedition team"可知，这是一则招聘广告，作者参与了面试（interview）。故答案为B。
5. A.decline拒绝；B.delay耽搁；C.regret后悔；D.accept接受。根据前文and then got a job that I knew had I not gone for it I would 可知，这句话是虚拟语气的倒装用法，意思是我得到了一份如果我不去就会后悔（regret）地工作。故答案为C。
6. A.Seeking寻求；B.Leading领导；C.Knowing知道；D.Training训练。根据上文的"a position as a leader"和"someone in charge of an expedition team"可知，作者是引领（lead） 18个不熟悉的人日以继夜的工作一整年。故答案为B。
7. A.suffer遭受；B.escape逃跑；C.concern关心；D.favor赞成，偏爱。根据上文"My journey to isolation（与世隔绝） in Antarctica"和"a full year"可知，作者一年之内无法逃离（escape）寒冷和强风。故答案为B。
8. A.ambition野心；B.adaptation适应；C.recognition认出；D.reflection反映，思考。句意：与世隔绝意味着我要做大量的自我反省。根据下一句"Every day I would think carefully of how I had operated as a leader" ，可见是作者的自我反思。故答案为D。
9. A.evaluating评估；B.blocking阻碍；C.behaving表现；D.enjoying喜欢。句意：自我评价（evaluating）的行为准则教会了我如何分辨是非。上文提到作者在探险中做大量的自我反思（ self reflection）等。故答案为A。
10. A.louder更大声的；B.gone消失的；C.quieter更安静的；D.normal正常的。句意：从南极回来之后，外界的噪音似乎更大了。这是因为南极太安静，回来之后的不适应使得作者觉得外面的噪音很大。根据下文"my tolerance to noise"可知，强烈的反差使得噪音显得更大了。故答案为A。
11. A.prefer更喜欢；B.sustain维持；C.adjust适应；D.tailor定做。根据前文I limited the time I spent outside and gradually可知，作者逐渐适应（adjust）了噪音。故答案为C。
12. A.put off推迟；B.turned up出现；C.took off起飞；D.built up建造。根据上文It took me about 180 days to（11）to the noisy life可知，作者花了180天的时间逐渐适应了现在生活中的噪音，增强了对噪音的忍耐力。故答案为D。
13. A.track轨迹；B.pace步伐；C.quantity数量；D.mode模式。根据下文"just like everyone 's life in lockdown（禁闭期） due to the COVID-19"这个类比可知，南极的生活节奏（ pace）非常慢。故答案为B。
14. A.running奔跑；B.driving开车；C.wandering徘徊；D.speeding加速。从生活节奏很慢的南极回来开车出门，作者开车时正常的速度都以为自己超速（speeding）了。故答案为D。
15. A.penguin企鹅；B.leader领导人；C.teammate队友；D.advertiser广告商。根据第一段中"it was the picture of a penguin in the ad that caught my attention"可知，此处是penguin的词汇复现。故答案为A。

36.【答案】【小题1】have been put
【小题2】promoting
【小题3】and
【小题4】which
【小题5】highly
【小题6】unbelievable
【小题7】with
【小题8】paintings
【小题9】to encourage
【小题10】an
【解析】（1）考查动词时态和语态。句意：近年来众多中国文化艺术珍品在世界各地展出，在世界舞台上展示了精彩的中华文明，促进了文化交流。这里为本句谓语动词，根据本句时间状语"over the past years"可推断，本句用现在完成时；主语为"Numerous Chinese cultural and art treasures"，复数形式，和动词put之间存在被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填have been put。
（2）考查现在分词。句意：近年来众多中国文化艺术珍品在世界各地展出，在世界舞台上展示了精彩的中华文明，促进了文化交流。分析句子可知此处为非谓语动词担当状语，和主句之间存在主动关系，为结果状语，用动词的现在分词形式。故填promoting。
（3）考查连词。句意：两年前，新西兰国家博物馆举办了为期四个月的展览，展出了兵马俑和160多件由黄金、玉石和青铜制成的古董。根据空前的"both"可知，空处为"and"，构成短语：both…and…，意为" 两个都"。故填and。
（4）考查非限制性定语从句。句意：展览为参观者提供了一些悠久的中国文明的知识，每个兵马俑的个性和建造军队所需的令人难以置信的创造力受到高度赞赏。分析句子可知此处先行词为"the exhibition"，在非限制性定语从句中担当主语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。
（5）考查副词。句意：展览为参观者提供了一些悠久的中国文明的知识，每个兵马俑的个性和建造军队所需的令人难以置信的创造力受到高度赞赏。修饰动词appreciate，用副词highly，意为"高度地"。故填highly。
（6）考查形容词。句意：展览为参观者提供了一些悠久的中国文明的知识，每个兵马俑的个性和建造军队所需的令人难以置信的创造力受到高度赞赏。修饰creativity，用形容词；根据句意可知，"unbelievable"意为"令人难以置信的"。故填unbelievable。
（7）考查介词。句意：去年，华盛顿特区和莫斯科的博物馆也展出了展示皇帝生活的珍宝，其中有100多件展品，包括来自北京故宫博物院的写实绘画、家具和珠宝。展览也取得了巨大的成功。分析句子可知此处考查with复合结构，"with+宾语+现在分词"。故填with。
（8）考查可数名词的复数。句意：去年，华盛顿特区和莫斯科的博物馆也展出了展示皇帝生活的珍宝，其中有100多件展品，包括来自北京故宫博物院的写实绘画、家具和珠宝。展览也取得了巨大的成功。根据上文的"over 100 pieces"可知，不止一幅绘画作品，所以用名词的复数。故填paintings。
（9）考查动词不定式。句意：中外博物馆一直在开展交流以促进文明对话和增进人们对文化的理解和参与。分析句子可知此处为目的状语，所以用动词不定式形式。故填to encourage。
（10）考查冠词。句意：拉近世界的距离是博物馆的一项重要工作。泛指一个，用不定冠词，important发音是以元音音素开头的，所以用不定冠词 an。故填an。
本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了近年来中外博物馆开展交流，促进文明对话，增进人们对文化的理解和参与。
做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。

37.【答案】Should Senior High Students Stay up for study？
With the learning task increasing in high school，more and more high school students are beginning to stay up late to study.Some students are in favor of staying up late to study，while others are against it.
Some think that staying up all night studying often does harm to the development and health of students.Not enough sleep will have an impact on our health，leading to a decrease in learning efficiency.Others believe that they can make full use of the night time to make up for the missed time during the day，improving their grades.（从正反两个方面陈述人们不同意见）
In my opinion，I object to staying up all night studying，because it is not beneficial to our health and study in the long run.（自己的见解）
【解析】高分句型一
Others believe that they can make full use of the night time to make up for the missed time during the day，improving their grades.
翻译：另一些人认为他们可以充分利用晚上的时间来弥补白天错过的时间，提高他们的成绩。
分析：运用了现在分词短语improving their grades作状语。
高分句型二
In my opinion，I object to staying up all night studying，because it is not beneficial to our health and study in the long run.
翻译：在我看来，我反对熬夜学习，因为从长远来看，这对我们的健康和学习没有好处。
分析：运用了because引导的原因状语从句。
提纲作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。

38.【答案】Paragraph1：
The ten-year-old took a few seconds to consider the situation. Then he dived in, cutting through the rapids of the waterfall. 【高分句型一】In a few seconds, he was next to the struggling girl. Panicking, she tried to climb on top of him. He went under for a little bit, then came back up. He stayed calm, but inside, his heart was beating wildly. An arm's length away from the girl, he asked her if she could swim. When she said no, Sammy carefully pulled her onto his back and swam toward the shore.（Sammy帮助遇险女孩的过程）
Paragraph2：
Soon, someone threw them a swimming board from the bank. They pulled both kids from the water. The little girl lay worn out on the ground, coughing and too frightened to cry.【高分句型二】 Then her coach rushed up, comforted her and turned to thank Sammy for saving the little girl, saying "You are really a great hero." "When I got in the water, I didn't really think about the consequences." Sammy smiled.（两个孩子的状态，以及Sammy和他家人的感受）
【解析】本文为记叙文。讲述了10岁的Sammy跟随家人去游玩，热爱游泳的他一到目的地就迫不及待的开始游泳，然而不一会儿一个小女孩被冲进瀑布，震惊又害怕的Sammy要怎么做呢？
高分句型一： Then he dived in, cutting through the rapids of the waterfall.
翻译：之后他潜到水里，穿过瀑布的急流。
分析：现在分词做状语。
高分句型二：The little girl lay worn out on the ground, coughing and too frightened to cry.
翻译：小女孩精疲力尽的躺在地上，一直咳嗽，害怕的哭不出声音来。
分析：现在分词作状语。
解题方法点拨
      （1）品读原文，确定文章线索
      每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
      （2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
      一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此类短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
      （3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
      根据文章后面的要求，再次快速回读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
      （4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
      在确定了思路和内容之后。最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。