2022-2023学年湖南省长沙市麓山国际实验学校高二下学期第三次月考英语试题含答案

这是一份2022-2023学年湖南省长沙市麓山国际实验学校高二下学期第三次月考英语试题含答案，共27页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，用单词的适当形式完成短文，其他应用文，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2022-2023学年高二下学期第三次月考英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、阅读理解
There are many heritage sites in the world. The following are four sites in UNESCO’s World Heritage List.
Easter Island, Chile
This place is famous for its huge stone statues. The first European visitors, the Dutch, named it Easter Island in memory of their day of arrival. The small and hilly island was formed by volcanoes. Easter Island was added to UNESCO’s World Heritage List in 1995.
Dinosaur Provincial Park, Canada
The park is best known for its extensive fossil (化石) beds, within which 35 species of dinosaurs from about 100 to 65 million years ago have been identified. There are also fossilized remains of fish, reptiles, and amphibians. The area was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1979.
Hadrian’s Wall, Britain
This is a Roman barrier that guarded the border of Britain. Hadrian, the Roman emperor from 117 CE to 138 CE, went to Britain in 122 CE and was the first to build a wall, 73 miles long, to separate the Romans from the barbarians. There was no intention of fighting from the wall top; the soldiers there were trained to encounter the enemy in the open. In 1987, Hadrian’s Wall was recognized by UNESCO as a World Heritage site.
Salonga National Park, Congo
This is the largest tropical rainforest reserve in Congo, covering about 36,000 km2. The park was established in 1970. The thick forest provides habitats for various animals like parrots, elephants and monkeys. Park visitors observe the animals from riverboats. The park was entered into the list of UNESCO World Heritage sites in 1984.
1．Which was the first one to be listed as a UNESCO World Heritage site?
A．Easter Island. B．Dinosaur Provincial Park.
C．Hadrian’s Wall. D．Salonga National Park.
2．What was the original intention of building Hadrian’s Wall?
A．To fight from the wall top. B．To guard against the Romans.
C．To protect the British soldiers. D．To defend the Romans from attacks.
3．What do we know about Salonga National Park?
A．It is home to various species of creatures and plants.
B．It is the largest tropical rainforest reserve worldwide.
C．Park visitors can drive a car to observe the animals.
D．When established, it became a World Heritage site.

Reading books brings with it numerous benefits giving people the opportunity to explore new worlds and meet new people both real and imagined. It expands our knowledge and understanding of the world around us and those far away.
To celebrate the wonderment of books and those that make them come to life, UNESCO established 23 April as World Book and Copyright Day in 1995. However, it got its start long before that in Spain.
Setting aside a day to celebrate books traces its beginnings to Spanish writer Vicente Clavel Andrés. In 1922 he proposed the idea as a way to honor fellow countryman author Miguel de Cervantes. Four years later the first celebration took place on 7 October, Cervantes’ birthday, but was moved to 23 April, the date of his death, in 1930.
In 1995, the UNESCO General Conference decided to pay admiration to authors and books world-wide as a way of encouraging everyone to access books. Choosing 23 April seemed a logical choice, besides being the date of Cervantes’ death, it also happens to be the date William Shakespeare and Inca Garcilaso de la Vega died, among other famous authors. Additionally, several distinguished authors were born on 23 April making it a symbolic date in the world literature.
Annually since 2001, one city around the world is chosen to be the UNESCO World Book Capital for a year. The selected city is tasked with carrying out activities over its year-long designation(指定) to encourage “a culture of reading and diffusing(传播) its values in all ages and population groups in and out of the national borders”.
The initiative was put forward by Spain in 2001, and Madrid was designated the first capital, followed by Alexandria and then New Delhi. Following those designations cities are chosen each year by the Director-General of UNESCO in consultation with an advisory committee made up of representatives from international organizations representing authors, libraries and publishers. UNESCO has named Accra as the 2023 World Book Capital.
4．For which reason was a day initially set aside to celebrate books?
A．Because it was the day to celebrate the wonderment of books.
B．Because reading improves our knowledge and comprehension.
C．Because reading books enables people to explore new worlds.
D．Because it was the day in memory of Miguel de Cervantes.
5．What is special about the date 23 April?
A．It was the date for books to get accessible to every reader.
B．It was the date with logical choices and symbolic meanings.
C．It was the date of death and birth of some literature masters.
D．It was when William Shakespeare and other authors were born.
6．What can be learned from the last two paragraphs?
A．Accra is named the 2023 World Book Capital following New Delhi.
B．The task of the designated city is to encourage reading nationwide.
C．The UNESCO World Book Capital is differently appointed yearly.
D．The capital city is just decided by the Director-General of UNESCO.
7．What’s the main idea of the text?
A．Promotion of World Book and Copyright Day. B．The origin of World Book and Copyright Day.
C．Reasons for choosing a day to celebrate books. D．Advantages of reading large quantities of books.

In WALL-E, a science fiction movie, a little robot is responsible for cleaning a world covered in garbage; a world where there is no longer room for anything else, not even humans! The film encourages common people, worldwide leaders and businessmen to ask the obvious question: What can be done to prevent something like this happening? For some, microfactories could become the most promising answer.
Veena Sahajwalla, a materials scientist and engineer in Sydney, Australia, has discovered a solution to the challenging waste problem. Her one-stop approach could go beyond the existing recycling processes. Her waste microfactories mainly target electronic waste and plastic, and are essentially small-sized trash processors. These can transform waste into new materials with the help of thermal (热的) technology.
“Using our green manufacturing technologies, these microfactories can transform waste, enabling local businesses and communities to not only solve local waste problems, but to develop a commercial opportunity from the valuable materials that are created,” she explains.
Humans generate 2.01 billion tons of solid waste annually. And as the fastest growing waste stream, roughly 53.6 million tons of e-waste was generated globally by 2019. Despite current efforts, only 17.4 percent of this is known to have been collected and properly recycled. Meanwhile, worldwide e-waste generation is expected to continue to grow, reaching almost 80 million tons by 2030.
Although the most effective solution to the waste challenges would not generate as much trash, Sahajwalla’s microfactories provide hope for all the waste that already exists. Her solution not only attenuates the amount of waste, but it also improves its management and enables new manufacturing opportunities around the new materials created.
WALL-E shows us the best and the worst of what human beings have to offer. It shows where the world is heading unless the human species slows down and stops developing at the current pace. But it also provides hope, showing that we also have a great power to change and improve.
8．What is the purpose of mentioning WALL-E in the first paragraph?
A．To recommend a science fiction movie. B．To predict what the world will be like.
C．To teach people how to ask a question. D．To lead to the use of microfactories.
9．What do we know about microfactories?
A．They are essentially enormous trash processors.
B．They’re based on the existing recycling processes.
C．They’re mainly aimed at electronic waste and plastic.
D．They’re likely to exchange waste with news materials.
10．What does the underlined word “attenuates” mean in paragraph 5?
A．Improves. B．Decreases. C．Maintains. D．Calculates.
11．What does the last paragraph imply?
A．Our world will be totally destroyed as is shown in the movie.
B．We are capable of turning our direction to a promising future.
C．The world is hopeless and we are bound to come to extinction.
D．We are developing and thus should quicken our current pace.

The company SpaceX has already launched hundreds of its Starlink satellites, with plans to put as many as 42,000 of them into the Earth’s orbit. Its goal is to provide the high-speed Internet for billions of people. Moving toward that kind of access is important, but it comes at a cost. Glittering with reflected sunlight, these first orbiters, sent up in the past year, are brighter than 99 percent of the 5,000 or so other satellites now circling Earth, and obviously there are going to be a lot more.
This sudden increase is bad for astronomy: The probability of a Starlink satellite crossing a telescope’s field of view and ruining an observation will be quite high near sunset. For that reason, my fellow astronomers have signed a petition (请愿书) calling for governments to protect the night sky from this invasion.
In response to protests, SpaceX has promised to address the visibility problem by, for example, applying experimental coatings — essentially painting the satellites black — but the company’s aggressive launch schedule remains unchanged. And the satellites’ illuminated (被照亮的) surfaces are mostly their solar panels — exactly the part that cannot be painted over.
Unfortunately, at present no regulations govern how bright a single satellite can be, let alone thousands of them together. Even if there were such regulations, one nation’s laws could not hinder (阻碍) another country’s launches. Space literally has no borders, and the sky will need to be protected at an international level. As a consequence, we hope that the United Nations will find a way to think outside of the box to save the sky for everyone.
When I was growing up in Montana, it was a game to be the first to find a moving satellite among a host of stars in the night sky. Soon it could be a game to recognize the constellations (星座) behind a swarm of moving points of light.
12．Why have the astronomers signed the petition?
A．SpaceX plans to send more Starlink satellites into space.
B．They intend to call for government to protect the orbiters.
C．The Starlink satellites can provide the high-speed Internet.
D．The Starlink satellites may ruin an observation near sunset.
13．What does SpaceX do in response to the protest?
A．It actually has done nothing useful. B．It has painted the satellites all over.
C．It has changed its original plan. D．It ignores the visibility problem.
14．What can be inferred from paragraph 4?
A．SpaceX will still carry out its plan despite the protest.
B．SpaceX is unlikely to launch more satellites into space.
C．Regulations will soon be made to stop satellite launches.
D．The United Nations will stop SpaceX from launching.
15．Which is the best title for the text?
A．Launch Starlink Satellites B．Protest Against SpaceX
C．Save the Night Sky D．Observe Moving Satellites


二、七选五
Dealing with judgment from other people can be tough. Judgmental people are just unavoidable. 16 The tips below will show you the best ways to respond when someone judges you.
17
Try not to take any judgmental words personally. Remember that a judgmental person’s words are a reflection of their own beliefs — and not yours. Remind yourself of all the things you do well and keep a list of your best traits and achievements to boost your confidence.
Be sympathetic.
18 It could be that they were judged themselves by parents, family, or friends, in which case this person’s critical attitude would be something they learned. While that doesn’t excuse their behavior, having compassion can inform your response. Say things like “I’m not sure I agree, but I understand your position and I’ll take time to think it over. Thank you for sharing.”
Ask for clarification.
19 Ask this person to explain what they said, and find out their motivation for saying it. Some people have good intentions but end up sounding judgmental when they’re trying to help. Before you interpret this person’s words a certain way, make sure you know their true meaning and why they felt the need to judge you.
Calm down and respond rationally(理性地).
Being judged is never fun, and it’s natural for you to feel hurt and emotional right after it happens. So you should stay collected. Getting defensive or judgmental in return is unlikely to help them see the error of their ways, and more likely to start a fight. If you get angry, take several deep breaths until you feel yourself calming down. Excuse yourself briefly if you need to. 20
A．Separate yourself from the judgment.
B．Try understanding the source of this person’s judgment.
C．But you can deal with their criticism using positivity and sympathy.
D．Think of each situation where you feel judged as a learning experience.
E．Take a quick walk, and return to the conversation when you feel ready.
F．Judgmental people may not know they’re being rude or unreasonable.
G．Explain why their words have bothered you and make sure this won’t happen again.


三、完形填空
My mother used to ask me what is the most important part of the body. Through the years I would 21 what I thought was the correct answer.
When I was younger, I thought sound was very important to us as humans, so I said, “My 22 , Mommy.”
She said, “No. Many people are deaf, but they live a happy life. You can keep thinking about it and I will ask you again soon.”
Several years went by before she asked me again. Since making my first 23 , I had 24 the correct answer. So this time I replied, “Mommy, 25 is very important to everybody, so it must be our eyes.”
She looked at me and told me, “You are learning fast, but it is not the answer because there are many people who are 26 .”
Over the years, Mother asked me a couple more times and always her answer was, “No, but you are getting smarter every year, my child.”
Then last year, my Grandpa 27 . Everybody was 28 . Everybody was weeping. Mom looked at me when it was our turn to say our 29 goodbye to Grandpa. She asked me, “Do you know the most important body part yet, my dear?”
I was 30 when she asked me this at that moment. I always thought this was a 31 between her and me. Seeing the confusion on my face, she told me, “This question is very important. It shows that you have really 32 your life.” I saw her eyes 33 with tears. She added, “My dear, the most important body part is your shoulder.”
I asked, “Is it because it holds up my head?”
She replied, “No, it is because it can 34 the head of a friend or loved one when they cry. Everybody needs a shoulder to cry on sometime in life, my dear. I only hope that you have enough love and friends that you will have a shoulder to cry on when you need it.”
Then and there I knew the most important body part is not a 35 one. It is sympathetic to the pain of others.
21．A．guess B．predict C．imagine D．choose
22．A．tongue B．throat C．ears D．lips
23．A．intention B．attempt C．plan D．decision
24．A．got B．considered C．examined D．tested
25．A．sense B．emotion C．smell D．sight
26．A．bored B．tired C．blind D．surprised
27．A．passed away B．passed by C．breathed out D．dropped by
28．A．amazed B．beaten C．informed D．hurt
29．A．first B．final C．next D．following
30．A．shocked B．excited C．relieved D．annoyed
31．A．rule B．competition C．bet D．game
32．A．wasted B．noticed C．lived D．enjoyed
33．A．spring up B．shoot up C．rise up D．well up
34．A．hug B．hold C．relax D．comfort
35．A．selfish B．generous C．reliable D．disabled


四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In recent years, Chinese traditional drama has been getting 36 (increasing) popular worldwide. The classic Chinese dance drama Flower Rains Along Silk Road, which includes 37 spectacular set of folk dances, amazed the audience at Broadway Macao on Monday night.
First performed on stage in 1979, the drama tells the story of a painting master 38 (surname) Zhang and his daughter, and how they made friends with a businessman from Persia (Iran), as well as the 39 (experience) the three of them went through together.
40 is specially impressive about the drama is that the dances are adapted 41 more than 100 Dunhuang Grotto murals(壁画) of Gansu province. The 42 (combine) of the dance and painting is an amazing idea, 43 (allow) the audience to travel through time to see the history and culture of the ancient Silk Road, and making them feel immersed in the performance and appreciate the beauty of the ancient culture in a unique way.
The drama 44 (perform) about 3,800 times in some 40 countries and regions, including France, Italy, Japan and the United States. Each performance is a hit. It’s been over a decade since the drama’s first show in Macao in 2005 and Monday’s performance 45 (be) the long-unseen second.


五、其他应用文
46．假定你是李华，你本与英国交换生John约好于周五晚上参加为即将回国的Professor White举办的欢送派对（farewell party），但是你周五因要参加英语演讲比赛，不能赴约。请根据以下要点给他写封电子邮件。
1. 表示歉意；
2. 说明原因；
3. 表达美好祝愿。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear John,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua

六、读后续写
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Saturday afternoon came as usual, so did my football class. It couldn’t be more discouraging.
I didn’t like Saturdays! Even though it was a holiday for most children, it was not for me because I needed to go to the football club. Many kids loved sports, but I was not one of them. I would rather stay at home and read.
I didn’t like running at all, so I was a bad player in the team. The coach was fed up with me and my teammates sometimes laughed at me. I had no idea how to play football. Usually, after practice my teammates would ask me to stay out of the game and I would just nod.
Last Thursday, the coach told us that we would be competing with some other team in a month and many people would come to watch the game. Our opponents were the last winner and I froze at the thought of the embarrassment I would face if the team lost because of me. So I decided to practice hard for the match and I went to practice every single day in case I had to play.
A month later, when the game day came, my teammates were reluctant (不愿意的) to take me in the team, and I also wished to stay away from the ground as well. But as luck would have it, they were short of one player and had no choice but to take me in the team.
Our team was named the Big Blues. There was a great cheer on our arrival in the field. I got very nervous. The game started and within two minutes, I got a blue card. By the time I was allowed back, the score was two goals for each team and the next goal would decide the winning team.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Seeing the ball shooting towards me like a bullet, I froze in wild shock.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
All my teammates ran towards me to lift me in the air.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考答案：
1．B 2．D 3．A

【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录中的四个景点。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Easter Island was added to UNESCO’s World Heritage List in 1995.(1995年，复活节岛被列入联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录)”；第三段中“The area was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1979.(1979年，该地区被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产)”；第四段“In 1987, Hadrian’s Wall was recognized by UNESCO as a World Heritage site.(1987年，哈德良长城被联合国教科文组织认定为世界遗产)”以及最后一段“The park was entered into the list of UNESCO World Heritage sites in 1984.(1984年，该公园被联合国教科文组织列入世界遗产名录)”可知，省立恐龙公园是第一个被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Hadrian, the Roman emperor from 117 CE to 138 CE, went to Britain in 122 CE and was the first to build a wall, 73 miles long, to separate the Romans from the barbarians.(公元117年至138年在位的罗马皇帝哈德良于公元122年前往英国，他是第一个建造73英里长的城墙的人，将罗马人和蛮族隔开)”可知，建造哈德良长城的初衷是防御攻击。故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据最后一段“The thick forest provides habitats for various animals like parrots, elephants and monkeys.(茂密的森林为鹦鹉、大象和猴子等各种动物提供了栖息地)”可知，萨隆加国家公园是各种生物和植物的家园。故选A。
4．A 5．C 6．C 7．B

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了世界图书和版权日设立的初衷以及选择4月23日背后的原因。
4．细节理解题。根据第二段“To celebrate the wonderment of books and those that make them come to life, UNESCO established 23 April as World Book and Copyright Day in 1995.(为了赞美书籍的奇妙之处和使书籍栩栩如生的人，教科文组织于1995年将4月23日定为世界图书和版权日)”可知，最初设立这一天的原因是这是庆祝书籍奇妙之处的日子。故选A。
5．细节理解题。根据第四段“Choosing 23 April seemed a logical choice, besides being the date of Cervantes’ death, it also happens to be the date William Shakespeare and Inca Garcilaso de la Vega died, among other famous authors. Additionally, several distinguished authors were born on 23 April making it a symbolic date in the world literature. Additionally, several distinguished authors were born on 23 April making it a symbolic date in the world literature.(选择4月23日似乎是一个合乎逻辑的选择，除了是塞万提斯去世的日子外，这一天也恰好是威廉·莎士比亚和印加·加西拉索·德拉维加等著名作家去世的日子。此外，几位杰出的作家出生在4月23日，使其成为世界文学的象征性日期)”可知，4月23日的特别之处是这是一些文学大师死亡和出生的日子。故选C。
6．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Following those designations cities are chosen each year by the Director-General of UNESCO in consultation with an advisory committee made up of representatives from international organizations representing authors, libraries and publishers.(在这些指定之后，每年由教科文组织总干事与一个由代表作者、图书馆和出版商的国际组织的代表组成的咨询委员会协商后选择城市)”可知，联合国教科文组织每年指定的城市都不同。故选C。
7．主旨大意题。根据第二段“To celebrate the wonderment of books and those that make them come to life, UNESCO established 23 April as World Book and Copyright Day in 1995. However, it got its start long before that in Spain.(为了赞美书籍的奇妙之处和使书籍栩栩如生的人，教科文组织于1995年将4月23日定为世界图书和版权日。然而，早在西班牙那届之前，它就已经开始了)”结合文章主要说明了世界图书和版权日设立的初衷以及选择4月23日背后的原因。可知，这篇文章的主旨是世界图书和版权日的起源。故选B。
8．D 9．C 10．B 11．B

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种可以解决大量垃圾问题的垃圾微型工厂以及其开发者Veena Sahajwalla对其的看法。
8．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“The film encourages common people, worldwide leaders and businessmen to ask the obvious question: What can be done to prevent something like this happening? For some, microfactories could become the most promising answer.(这部电影鼓励普通人、世界各国领导人和商人提出一个显而易见的问题：如何才能防止类似的事情发生？对一些人来说，微型工厂可能成为最有希望的答案)”以及下文对微型工厂的介绍可以推知，在第一段提到电影《机器人总动员》的目的是为了介绍微型工厂的使用。故选D项。
9．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Her waste microfactories mainly target electronic waste and plastic, and are essentially little trash processors. These can transform waste into new materials with the help of thermal (热的) technology.(她的废物微型工厂主要针对电子废物和塑料，基本上是小型垃圾处理厂。这些可以在热技术的帮助下将废物转化为新材料)”可知，微型工厂主要针对的是电子垃圾和塑料。故选C项。
10．词句猜测题。根据划线词之前“Although the most effective solution to the waste challenges would not generate as much trash, Sahajwalla’s microfactories provide hope for all the waste that already exists.(尽管解决垃圾问题最有效的办法不会产生那么多垃圾，但Sahajwalla的微型工厂为所有已经存在的垃圾带来了希望)”以及划线词之后“the amount of waste, but it also improves its management and enables new manufacturing opportunities around the new materials created.(减少了浪费，但它也改善了管理，并围绕新材料创造了新的制造机会)”可知，微型工厂为所有现存垃圾的解决带来了希望，在减少了浪费的同时也为新材料创造了新的制造机会。由此推知，划线词attenuates与decreases(减少)意思相近。故选B项。
11．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“It shows where the world is heading unless the human species slows down and stops developing at the current pace. But it also provides hope, showing that we also have a great power to change and improve.(它表明，除非人类放慢脚步，停止以目前的速度发展，否则世界将走向何方。但它也带来了希望，表明我们也有巨大的力量来改变和改进)”可知，虽然电影《机器人总动员》表明，如果人类不放慢脚步，我们将无法预知世界将走向何方，但同时它也表明我们也有巨大的力量来改变和改进。由此推知，最后一段暗示了我们有能力转向一个充满希望的未来。故选B项。
12．D 13．A 14．A 15．C

【分析】本文是一篇说明文。虽然SpaceX公司的卫星发射计划有其美好愿景，但其发射的Starlink卫星数目的突然增加对天文学是不利的，作者希望联合国可以找到一种方式来防止Starlink卫星对夜空造成光污染。
12．细节理解题。根据第二自然段“The probability of a Starlink satellite crossing a telescope’s field of view and ruining an observation will be quite high near sunset. For that reason, my fellow astronomers have signed a petition (请愿书) calling for governments to protect the night sky from this invasion. (在日落附近，星链卫星穿过望远镜视野并破坏观测的可能性非常高。因此，我的天文学家同事们签署了一份请愿书，呼吁各国政府保护夜空免受入侵)”可知，天文学家在请愿书上签名是因为星链卫星可能会破坏日落附近的观测。故选D。
13．推理判断题。根据第三自然段“In response to protests, SpaceX has promised to address the visibility problem by, for example, applying experimental coatings — essentially painting the satellites black — but the company’s aggressive launch schedule remains unchanged. And the satellites’ illuminated(被照亮的) surfaces are mostly their solar panels — exactly the part that cannot be painted over. (作为对抗议活动的回应，SpaceX 承诺通过涂覆实验涂层（本质上是将卫星涂成黑色）来解决能见度问题，但该公司积极的发射计划并未改变。而卫星的照明表面大多是它们的太阳能电池板——正是无法涂漆的部分)”可知，SpaceX实际上没有做任何有用的事情。故选A。
14．推理判断题。根据第四自然段“Unfortunately, at present no regulations govern how bright a single satellite can be, let alone thousands of them together. Even if there were such regulations, one nation’s laws could not hinder (阻碍) another country’s launches. (不幸的是，目前没有任何法规规定一颗卫星的亮度，更不用说数千颗卫星加在一起了。即使有这样的规定，一个国家的法律也不能阻碍另一个国家发射)”可推知，SpaceX 仍然会不受约束地执行其卫星发射计划。故选A。
15．主旨大意题。根据第一自然段“Glittering with reflected sunlight, these first orbiters, sent up in the past year, are brighter than 99 percent of the 5,000 or so other satellites now circling Earth, and obviously there are going to be a lot more. (在反射的阳光下，这些在过去一年发射的第一批轨道飞行器比目前环绕地球的5000颗左右其他卫星中的99%更亮，而且显然还会有更多)”可知，本文第一段指出了卫星对夜空的光污染问题。根据倒数第二段“As a consequence, we hope that the United Nations will find a way to think outside of the box to save the sky for everyone. (因此，我们希望联合国能够找到一种跳出框框思考的方式，为每个人拯救天空)”可知，作者希望能够保护夜空。由此可知，C项“Save the Night Sky (拯救夜空)”最能概括本文主旨。故选C。
16．C 17．A 18．B 19．F 20．E

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要针对如何正确处理来自他人的评价给出了四点建议。
16．根据空前“Dealing with judgment from other people can be tough. Judgmental people are just unavoidable.(处理来自他人的评判可能很困难。吹毛求疵的人是不可避免的。)”可知因为吹毛求疵的人不可避免，所以要想处理来自他人的评判可能是很困难的，根据空后“The tips below will show you the best ways to respond when someone judges you.(下面的建议将告诉你当别人评判你时最好的回应方式。)”可知下文是在就如何回应别人的评判提出建议，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲的是既然评判不可避免那么我们该怎么应对评判，C项But you can deal with their criticism using positivity and sympathy.(但是你可以用积极和同情来应对他们的批评。)指出我们应该以积极和同情来应对别人的评判，承接上文，引出下文，而且C项中的But表明空前后语意方面是一种转折关系，符合上下语境。故选C项。
17．空处为本段小标题，根据空后“Try not to take any judgmental words personally. Remember that a judgmental person’s words are a reflection of their own beliefs — and not yours. (不要把任何评头论足的话当成是针对你个人的。记住，一个吹毛求疵的人的话反映的是他们自己的信仰，而不是你的。)”及本段其他内容可知，本段主要是围绕着不要将自己置于别人的评判中来展开，所以空处应该讲是要将自己置身于别人的评判之外，A项Separate yourself from the judgment.(把你自己从评判中分离出来。)概括全段内容，符合上下文语境。故选A项。
18．根据本段小标题Be sympathetic.(要有同情心。)可知本段主要讲的是对于爱评判的人要有同情心，根据空后“It could be that they were judged themselves by parents, family, or friends, in which case this person’s critical attitude would be something they learned. (可能是父母、家人或朋友对他们进行了评判，在这种情况下，这个人的批评态度可能是他们学到的东西。)”可知吹毛求疵的人对别人进行评判是有原因的，所以空处应该讲如何同情爱评判的人，B选项“Try understanding the source of this person’s judgment.(试着理解这个人评价的原因。)”指出要通过理解对方评价的原因来同情对方，符合上下文语境。故选B项。
19．根据本段小标题Ask for clarification.(要求澄清。)可知本段主要讲的是要让吹毛求疵的人对自己的话进行澄清，根据空后“Ask this person to explain what they said, and find out their motivation for saying it.(让这个人解释一下他们说了什么，并找出他们这么说的动机。)”可知空后讲的是如何让吹毛求疵的人进行澄清，所以空处应该讲要求爱评判的人进行澄清的原因，F项Judgmental people may not know they’re being rude or unreasonable.(吹毛求疵的人可能不知道自己很粗鲁或不讲道理。)指出让吹毛求疵的人进行澄清的原因，符合上下文语境。故选F项。
20．根据本段小标题Calm down and respond rationally(冷静下来，理性地回应。)以及空前“If you get angry, take several deep breaths until you feel yourself calming down. Excuse yourself briefly if you need to.(如果你生气了，深呼吸几次，直到你感觉自己平静下来。如果需要的话，你可以简单地找个借口。)”可知本段主要讲的是要冷静和理性地应对评判，所以空处应该继续讲如何理性和冷静地应对，E项Take a quick walk, and return to the conversation when you feel ready.(快步走一走，当你觉得准备好了再继续谈话。)紧接着上文继续告诉我们如何理性地处理和应对评判，符合上下文语境。故选E项。

21．A 22．C 23．B 24．B 25．D 26．C 27．A 28．D 29．B 30．A 31．D 32．C 33．D 34．B 35．A

【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述作者的妈妈教会作者什么是身体最重要的部位，生活中每个人在痛苦落泪时都需要一个可以依靠的肩膀。因此，身体中最重要的部分不是自私的，而是对别人痛苦的同情。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：多年来，我一直在想我认为正确的答案。A. guess猜测，想；B. predict预测；C. imagine想象；D. choose选择。结合上文“My mother used to ask me what is the most important part of the body. (我妈妈过去常问我身体最重要的部位是什么)”可知，妈妈常常问作者同样的问题，作者一直猜想什么是正确答案，故选A。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我还小的时候，我认为声音对我们人类来说非常重要，所以我说：“我的耳朵，妈妈。”A. tongue舌头；B. throat喉咙；C. ears耳朵；D. lips嘴唇。根据“I thought sound was very important to us as humans”可知，作者认为声音非常重要，所以回答说耳朵是最重要的部位，故选C。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：自从第一次尝试后，我一直在考虑正确答案。A. intention打算，意图；B. attempt尝试；C. plan计划；D. decision决定。根据上文“so I said, ‘My ___2___ , Mommy.’”可知，此处指自从第一次尝试回答这个问题之后，故选B。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. got得到；B. considered考虑；C. examined检查；D. tested测试。结合语境及下文“so it must be our eyes”可知，第一次回答错误，所以作者这次仔细考虑，回答是眼睛，故选B。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以这次我回答说：“妈妈，视力对每个人都很重要，所以一定是我们的眼睛。”A. sense感觉；B. emotion情感；C. smell气味；D. sight视力。根据“so it must be our eyes”可知，此处是说视力很重要，故选D。
26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她看着我，对我说：“你学得很快，但这不是答案，因为有很多人是盲人。”A. bored无聊的；B. tired疲惫的；C. blind盲的；D. surprised惊讶的。上文提到作者回答说眼睛是最重要的部位，妈妈否定了这个回答，所以此处是说世界上有很多盲人，故选C。
27．考查动词短语辨析。句意：去年，我的爷爷去世了。A. passed away去世；B. passed by经过；C. breathed out呼出；D. dropped by顺道拜访。根据下文“Everybody was weeping. (每个人都在哭泣)”以及“say our ___9___ goodbye to Grandpa”可知，爷爷去世了，故选A。
28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每个人都很受伤。A. amazed惊奇的；B. beaten被打败的；C. informed见多识广的，有学问的；D. hurt受伤的。根据下一句“Everybody was weeping. (每个人都在哭泣)”可知，大家都很受伤，故选D。
29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：轮到我们向爷爷道别时，妈妈看着我。A. first第一的；B. final最后的；C. next下一个的；D. following接着的，下列的。结合语境可知，爷爷去世，要和他作最后的告别，故选B。
30．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当她在那一刻问我这个问题时，我很震惊。A. shocked震惊的；B. excited兴奋的；C. relieved感到宽慰的；D. annoyed恼怒的。根据下文可知，作者一直以为这是自己和妈妈之间的游戏，所以妈妈在这个场合问这个问题时作者感到惊讶，故选A。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我一直以为这是我和她之间的游戏。A. rule规则；B. competition竞争；C. bet赌注；D. game游戏。根据语境及上文“Over the years, Mother asked me a couple more times and always her answer was…(这些年来，妈妈又问了我几次，她的答案总是……)”可知，这些年妈妈多次问作者同样的问题，每次妈妈都否定作者的答案，作者以为这是一个游戏，故选D。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这表明你真正地过了自己的生活。A. wasted浪费；B. noticed注意到；C. lived生活；D. enjoyed喜欢，享受。根据空后的“your life”可知，此处指真正去过自己的生活，故选C。
33．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我看见她热泪盈眶。A. spring up突然出现；B. shoot up迅速成长；C. rise up上升；D. well up涌出，溢出。结合语境可知，此处指热泪盈眶，故选D。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她回答说：“不，是因为当朋友或所爱的人哭泣时，它可以给予依靠。”A. hug拥抱；B. hold支撑；C. relax放松；D. comfort安慰。此处是上文中“Is it because it holds up my head?”中的hold的词汇复现，是指当朋友或所爱的人哭泣时肩膀可以支撑他们的头部，给他们依靠，指故选B。
35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，我就知道身体最重要的部位不是一个自私的部位。A. selfish自私的；B. generous慷慨的；C. reliable可靠的；D. disabled残疾的。根据下文“It is sympathetic to the pain of others. (它是对别人的痛苦的同情)”可知，身体最重要的部位是对别人的痛苦的同情，故它是无私的，故选A。

36．increasingly 37．a 38．surnamed 39．experiences 40．What 41．from 42．combination 43．allowing 44．has been performed 45．was

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国经典舞剧《丝路花雨》在澳门百老汇上演，其中包括一组壮观的民间舞蹈，令观众惊叹不已。
36．考查副词。句意：近年来，中国传统戏剧在世界范围内越来越受欢迎。分析句式结构可知，修饰短语get popular用副词形式，所以空格处用提示词的副词形式。故填increasingly。
37．考查冠词。句意：周一晚上，中国经典舞剧《丝绸之路花雨》在澳门百老汇上演，其中包括一组精彩的民间舞蹈，令观众惊叹不已。分析句意再根据上文的set of可知，此处用不定冠词a构成固定搭配a set of表示“一组、一套”。故填a。
38．考查非谓语动词。句意：该剧于1979年首次在舞台上上演，讲述了一位姓张的绘画大师和他的女儿如何与一位来自波斯(伊朗)的商人交朋友，以及他们三人共同经历的故事。分析句式结构可知，此处用非谓语动词作后置定语修饰名词master，又因为surname和master之间是被动关系，所以用非谓语动词中的过去分词。故填surnamed。
39．考查名词。句意：同上。分析句意再根据the three of them可知，此处用名词复数形式表示三个人的“经历”符合语境。故填experiences。
40．考查主语从句。句意：该剧特别令人印象深刻的是，舞蹈改编自甘肃敦煌石窟的100多幅壁画。分析句式结构可知，此处是主语从句，且从句中缺少主语，所以用连接代词what来引导，且位于句首的单词首字母要大写。故填What。
41．考查介词。句意：同上。分析句意可知，此处用adapt from表示“改编自……”。故填from。
42．考查名词。句意：舞蹈和绘画的结合是一个惊人的想法，让观众穿越时空，看到古代丝绸之路的历史和文化。分析句式结构可知，此处用提示词的名词形式combination作主语表示“结合”符合语境。故填combination。
43．考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。分析句式结构可知，此处用非谓语动词作状语，又因为allow和主语之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填allowing。
44．考查动词的时态。句意：该剧已在法国、意大利、日本、美国等40多个国家和地区演出了3800多场。分析句意可知，本句的时态用现在完成时表示动作已经完成，又因为主语The drama和动词perform之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态，且主语是单数，所以助动词用has。故填has been performed。
45．考查动词的时态。句意：该剧于2005年首次在澳门上演，至今已有十多年，周一的演出是久违的第二次。分析句意再根据in 2005可知，此处时态用一般过去时，且主语是单数，所以be动词用was。故填was。
46．Dear John,
I’m very sorry to tell you that I cannot attend the farewell party to be held for Professor White this Friday evening together with you.
As you know, there is an English speech competition in our school and I was informed that I entered the final round, which happens to fall on this Friday. Therefore I will not be available that evening. It’s a great pity that I can’t make it to the party with you. But I’ve prepared a gift for Professor White. Would you mind delivering best wishes to him for me? Besides, hopefully we can hang out this weekend together.
May the party be a great success and enjoy yourself that day!
Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国交换生John写封电子邮件，就自己不能赴约为Professor White举办的欢送派对（farewell party）表示歉意。要点如下：表示歉意；说明原因；表达美好祝愿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
比赛：competition→contest
有空的：available→ free
此外：besides→what’s more
玩得开心：enjoy yourself→have fun
2.句式拓展
非谓语动词变定语从句
原句：I’m very sorry to tell you that I cannot attend the farewell party to be held for Professor White this Friday evening together with you.
拓展句：I’m very sorry to tell you that I cannot attend the farewell party which will be held for Professor White this Friday evening together with you.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m very sorry to tell you that I cannot attend the farewell party to be held for Professor White this Friday evening together with you.（运用了that引导的宾语从句以及动词不定式短语作后置定语）
【高分句型2】As you know, there is an English speech competition in our school and I was informed that I entered the final round, which happens to fall on this Friday.（运用了as引导的非限制性定语从句、that引导的宾语从句和which引导的非限制性定语从句）
47．Seeing the ball shooting towards me like a bullet, I froze in wild shock. My teammates were very tired and seemed worried. The opponents rushed towards me. Without thinking anymore, I found courage, and with all my might, I kicked the ball. The opponents didn’t think highly of me, so they didn’t think that I would be able to kick the ball so powerfully. As I kicked, the goalkeeper jumped towards the ball. As the ball hit the back of the net, I heard a big cheer. The Big Blues won the match!(作者如何帮助球队进了制胜的一球)
All my teammates ran towards me to lift me in the air. Since that day, I have gained some confidence and started to play better. My coach and teammates are also happy with me and they try to improve my skills every time I play. Now I have realized that I always liked this sport, but my problem with it had something to do with the lack of encouragement I got. Now I can build on my confidence and I’ve realized I can also play this sport very well.(作者获得了队员和教练的赞扬)
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者本不喜欢足球运动，但是父亲却要自己去足球俱乐部，作者表现很差，所以队员和教练都疏远自己，教练宣布一个月后将有一场重要的比赛，作者不想因为自己而让整个球队输掉，所以刻苦训练，比赛日到来时，因为缺少队员作者不得不上场，但作者很快拿到一张蓝牌，当作者被允许回来时下一个进球将决定获胜的球队。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“看到球像子弹一样朝我射来，我吓呆了。”可知，第一段可描写作者如何帮助球队进了制胜的一球。
②由第二段首句内容“我所有的队友都跑过来把我举到空中。”可知，第二段可描写作者从此有了一些信心，表现更好，并意识到自己一直都是喜欢这项运动的。
2.续写线索：队友担心——踢球——赢得比赛——发生改变——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①跳：jump/leap
②获得：gain/obtain
③意识到：realize/be aware
情绪类
①担心：worried/anxious
②高兴：happy/delighted
【点睛】[高分句型1] As the ball hit the back of the net, I heard a big cheer.（由从属连词as引导的时间状语从句）
[高分句型2] Now I have realized that I always liked this sport, but my problem with it had something to do with the lack of encouragement I got.（由连接词that引导宾语从句）