江西省重点名校2023届高三下学期第一次联考英语试卷(含答案)

这是一份江西省重点名校2023届高三下学期第一次联考英语试卷(含答案)，共21页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，语法填空，短文改错，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。

江西省重点名校2023届高三下学期第一次联考英语试卷
学校：___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、阅读理解
Finding perfect places for launching
The Shenzhou XIV crew members began their six-month mission on June 5. When the crews mission finishes around the end of 2022, the Tiangong space station will be fully operational, according to China Daily.
Developments have been made not only in space, but also on Earth. There are currently six satellite launch sites in China, including Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in Gansu, Xichang Satellite Launch Center in Sichuan, Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center in Shanxi and Wenchang Spacecraft Launch Site in Hainan; and two newly constructed ones: China Oriental Spaceport in Shandong and Xiangshan Satellite Launch Center in Zhejiang. How are the launch sites chosen? Several factors are taken into consideration.
Site location
Launching a spacecraft should consider the Earth’s rotation（自转）. The lower the latitude（纬度）, the faster the Earth’s rotation. If the satellite’s orbit is in the same direction as the Earth’s rotation, a lower latitude adds to the speed when the satellite is launched, leading to lower fuel costs. Experts claim that if a satellite is launched at the equator, where the Earth’s rotation is the fastest, the fuel usage can be reduced by 5 percent.
Weather conditions
Imagine launching a rocket on a stormy day doesn’t seem possible, does it? The sites require a stable climate with low temperature fluctuations（波动）. If the local climate varies dramatically, it is more difficult for scientists to monitor the spacecraft and perform experiments. A stable climate could also reduce variations of experiments since the weather has little effect on the tests. For example. Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center has perfect weather conditions. Being dry and warm, the site is suitable for launches nearly 300 days a year.
Transportation factors
An ideal launch site should be located in a large space with a small population. But the launch site cannot be located in the middle of nowhere. Launch activities require a big amount of material. Therefore, the site needs to be close enough to transportation infrastructure, such as ports, rails and roads. Wenchang Spacecraft Launch Site was constructed near coastal ports which allows access to transportation.
1、According to the text, where is the most fuel-efficient place for launching satellites?
A. Xiangshan Satellite Launch Center.
B.Wenchang Satellite Launch Site.
C.Xichang Satellite Launch Center.
D. Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center.
2、What makes the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center an ideal place for launching satellites?
A. It lies at a relatively low latitude.
B. It is wet and warm throughout the year.
C. There are clear temperature fluctuations day and night.
D. The local climate is nearly steady all year round.
3、Why was Wenchang chosen as a Spacecraft Launch Site?
A. It enjoys access to marine transportation.
B. It is near many research centers.
C. It can provide labor and natural resources.
D. It is located in the middle of nowhere.
French writer Annie Ernaux won the 2022 Nobel Prize in literature on Oct 6.She is the first French female to win the prize.In the words of the Nobel committee,Ernaux was given the award for the courage and sharp insight of her writing.
Having spent over five decades as a writer,the 82-year-old winner has published more than 20 books to her name,including Cleaned Out,Shame,a 2008 memoir called The Years and A Girl's Story.Rather than consider herself a writer of fiction,Ernaux has used the term "an ethnologist（民族学家）of herself" to describe herself.
Born in 1940 in a rural village in Normandy,France,Ernaux grew up in a working-class environment as her parents ran a combined grocery store and cafe.She worked as a teacher before becoming a full-time writer.
According to CNN her "upbringing and experiences navigating adolescence and adulthood" inspire many of her works.For example the book Shame explores the theme of childhood trauma while A Girl's Story follows a young woman's coming of age in the 1950s.
Though the matters Ernaux describes in her books are serious and even sometimes heavy,they are always written in plain language.Ernaux described her style as "flat writing" through which she aims to tell her stories objectively, "unshaped by florid description or overwhelming emotions." noted Fox News.
"She writes about things that no one else writes about,for instance her jealousy,her experiences as an abandoned lover and so forth,I mean,really hard experiences," Anders Olsson,chairman of the Nobel Committee for Literature said after the award announcement in Stockholm.He went on to say, "She gives words for these experiences that are very simple and striking.They are short books,but they are really moving".
4、What can we learn about Annie Ernaux from the text？
A.She is the first French person to win the Nobel Prize.
B.The Nobel committee described her as "an ethnologist of herself".
C.She was awarded for the bravery and observations shown in her writing.
D.She started working as a full-time writer in 1974.
5、Where did she get inspiration for her works？
A.Her students' lives.
B.The stories of guests to her cafe.
C.The history of her hometown.
D.Her personal experiences.
6、Which of the following best describes Ernaux's writing style？
A.Objective and easy to understand.
B.Plain and relaxing.
C.Descriptive and serious.
D.Emotional and touching.
7、Why is Annie Ernaux different from other writers,according to Anders Olsson？
A.She shares painful feelings through her writing.
B.She suffered a lot of hardships.
C.Her works are about unexplored subjects.
D.Her works are short and moving.
New research led by the University of Colorado Boulder has found the engineering secrets behind what makes fish fins（鱼鳍） so strong yet flexible.The team's findings could one day lead to new designs for airplane wings that change their shape with the push of a button.
Francois Barthelat，senior author of the study，noted that fins can "do wonders" even though they don't contain a single muscle. "A fin is made of many 'rays', " said Barthelat. "Each of those rays can be controlled individually just like your fingers，but there are 20 or 30 rays in each fin."
Barthelat and his colleagues used a range of approaches，including computer simulations and 3 D-printed materials，to dive deep into the secrets of these structures.They reported that the key to fish fins may lie in their unique design.Each ray in a fin is made up of multiple segments（段）of a hard material that lie on top of much softer collagen（胶原），making rays the perfect balance between flexibility and strength.
He and his team decided to use computer simulations to examine the mechanical functions of fins.They discovered that those segments can make all the difference.
"Pretend for a moment，" Barthelat explained， "that fish fins are entirely made up of collagen.They could bend easily，but wouldn't give fish much pulling force in the water.Rays made up of solid materials would have the opposite problem—they'd be too hard."
The researchers further tested the theory by using a 3-D printer to produce model fish fins made from plastic，some with hinges（铰链）built in and some without.The team found that the segmented design provided better combinations of strength and flexibility.
"We like to pick up where the biologists and zoologists have left off，using our background in the mechanics of materials to further our understanding of the amazing characteristics of the natural world，" Barthelat said.
8、Which of the following can describe the new research according to the first paragraph？
A.Beneficial. B.Traditional. C.Typical. D.Commercial.
9、Why are fingers mentioned in paragraph 2？
A.To show the number of rays in a fish fin.
B.To show rays of fish fins can work individually.
C.To show the shape of rays in fish fins.
D.To show rays of fish fins can do.
10、What has an important effect on the mechanical functions of fish fins？
A.The amount of collagen.
B.The combination of hard materials and collagen.
C.The water fish live in.
D.The muscle in fish fins.
11、What may happen if fish fins are completely made of collagen according to the text？
A.Fish can't bend. B.Fish can't live in the water.
C.Fish can't keep balance. D.Fish can't swim fast.
Making a transition away from fossil fuels and towards low-carbon energy is the only way to keep our planet safe and habitable for future generations. That transition has thankfully begun, but it has a vast distance to go. And the kinds of changes that are needed cost money. Development of new technology has always required investment.
This applies to the generation of renewable energy, and to the countless lifestyle changes that follow from the shift away from coal, oil and gas. Electric cars and other transport are one example. Packaging to replace plastic is another. Resources are also required to protect societies from the harms caused by the global heating that has already happened, and to help them adjust to altered conditions.
A new report presented at the Cop27 UN climate summit says that about $2tn (£1.75tn) a year will be needed by 2030 if developing countries are to make the necessary changes. One of the authors, Nicholas Stern, pointed to a crucial role for the World Bank as well as western governments in redirecting finance and reducing the cost of capital for investors (banks typically charge higher interest on investments in poor countries, due to predicted risks).
The promise made in 2009 of $100bn worth of climate finance annually from rich countries to poorer ones has been broken. But developing countries have succeeded in getting loss and damage on to the formal Cop agenda（议程） for the first time. So far, five European countries have agreed to contribute to a fund to help weak countries manage global heating’s destructive effects. These commitments are welcome, but insufficient.
Carbon emissions, and the dangerously warming planet they have led to, are the byproduct of the way that the rich world developed. Since industrialisation, we have burned our way to wealth. Thankfully, we now know that there are alternatives to this destructive pattern. Renewable energy, along with social change aimed at limiting some forms of consumption, is at the heart of this prospectus（会议章程）.
12、What does the underlined word “This” refer to in paragraph 2?
A. Transition B. Investment
C. New technology D. Low-carbon energy
13、How does the author feel about what the five European countries have done?
A. Disapproving B. Suspicious C. Unconcerned D. Unsatisfactory
14、According to the passage, how can we effectively fulfill carbon emissions reduction?
A. By limiting our consumption.
B. By developing the byproducts.
C.By changing the destructive pattern.
D. By holding the Cop27 UN climate Summit.
15、Which can be the best title for the text?
A. A green transition requires funding.
B.The rich world must do more in the transition.
C.Rich countries are to blame for carbon emissions.
D.Development of new technology is urgently needed.
二、七选五
16、Mindful eating focuses on wellness and how we eat, not what we eat. ①_______ Generally speaking, mindful eaters tend to eat slower and more deliberately, avoiding distractions while eating, listening to their bodies’ hunger and fullness cues, eating foods that are both pleasing and nutrient, and being aware of and acknowledging their response to foods.
②_______ We find ourselves eating in the car commuting to work, at the desk in front of a computer screen, or parked on the couch watching TV. We eat mindlessly, wolfing food down regardless of whether we’re still hungry or not. In fact, we often eat for reasons other than hunger—to satisfy emotional needs, to relieve stress, or cope with unpleasant emotions such as sadness, anxiety, loneliness, or boredom. ③_______
Mindful eating isn’t about being perfect, always eating the right things, or never allowing yourself to eat on-the-go again. ④_______ Or rather, it’s about focusing all your senses and being present as you shop for, cook, serve, and eat your food.
By paying close attention to how you feel as you eat—the texture and tastes of each mouthful, your body’s hunger and fullness signals, how different foods affect your energy and mood—you can learn to enjoy both your food and the experience of eating. Being mindful of the food you eat can promote better digestion, keep you full with less food, and influence wiser choices about what you eat in the future. ⑤_______
A. We eat when our body tells us to.
B. Know your body’s personal hunger signals.
C. Our busy daily lives often make mealtimes rushed affairs.
D. Mindful eating is opposite this kind of unhealthy “mindless” eating.
E. Neither is it about setting strict rules for how many calories you absorb.
F. It involves paying attention to what we are thinking and feeling when we eat.
G. It can also help you free yourself from unhealthy habits around food and diet.
三、完形填空（20空）
I was just out of college and dragging a heavy backpack and suitcase through the underground that day. I was also crying 1 . As I struggled to get the 2 up another flight of steps, I was struggling to understand how my 3 had been such a mess.
The day before, I had a fierce quarrel with my uncle for a certain reason. My uncle had 4 me that I would never speak to him, his wife, or my two 5 again. I spent the evening in my room, weeping as I 6 one of my friends.
In the morning, I wrote a note of 7 and left it in my uncle's bedroom, then I dragged my bags for a mile to the train station. When I got off the train, I had to take the 8 to my friend's house.
I was familiar with the subway, but at the time, it was a subway of 9 white tiles(瓷砖). I was 10 . Worst of all, no 11 were working. Crying yet again, I tried to lift my suitcase up the stairs.
Suddenly in my difficulty there were 12 . No one said anything, but each time I 13 another set of steps, a hand would grasp the suitcase handle and 14 it. At the top of the steps, the hand would 15 and I'd pull the suitcase to the next set. And just as I was about to struggle again, another hand would appear suddenly.
It happened several times. I never looked up, because I could not stop 16 . I do remember thinking through the haze of sorrow that each hand looked 17 and that many different people helped me, without asking or saying anything. They just 18 , right up to the top of the 19 fight of stairs that exited the station. I couldn't look up. I wasn't able to 20 appreciation.
I think of them as I ride the subway today, and I watch the commuters and tourists surge by(从身边涌过), just in case someone needs a hand.
17、A. unexpectedly B. uncontrollably C. unreasonably D. unbelievably
18、A. clothing B. books C. souvenir D. suitcase
19、A. occupation B. curricula C. life D. accommodation
20、A. reminded B. informed C. convinced D. warned
21、A. cousins B. brothers C. relatives D. friends
22、A. visited B. phoned C. met D. greeted
23、A. thanks B. inquiry C. apology D. sympathy
24、A. shuttle B. ferry C. minibus D. subway
25、A. endless B. fragile C. primitive D. sacred
26、A. stubborn B. energetic C. exhausted D. embarrassed
27、A. elevators B. shelters C. conductors D. motorcycles
28、A. passengers B. hands C. operators D. eyes
29、A. witnessed B. prepared C. discovered D. faced
30、A. lift B. spin C. return D. place
31、A. reach out B. turn up C. let go D. let out
32、A. appealing B. crying C. whispering D. wandering
33、A. clumsy B. tough C. different D. rigid
34、A. compensated B. compromised C. watched D. helped
35、A. last B. steady C. flexible D. novel
36、A. guarantee B. mention C. cherish D. convey
四、语法填空
37、Although failing to qualify for the FIFA World Cup finals soccer tournament in Qatar in 2022, China has made huge ①_______(contribute) to the largest global sporting event.
China was responsible ②_______ building Stadium 974 in Qatar. It was assembled（组装） from 974 containers by China International Marine Containers in Shenzhen, ③_______ means it can be completely taken apart.
1815 buses, including 888 electric-powered ④_______ (one), from Higer Bus Co in Suzhou, ⑤_______ (deliver) to Qatar last year. It was the first time that new energy buses from China ⑥_______ (use) at a major global sporting event.
⑦_______ wide range of Chinese items were available at the tournament, including key rings, horns, flags, clothing and shoes from Yiwu, Zhejiang and Jinjiang, Fujian Province, as well as fireworks from Liuyang, Hunan Province. If the elements provided by China for Qatar event were contesting a “global manufacturing World Cup”, “Team China” was ⑧_______ (sure) a popular winner.
Soccer has the power ⑨_______ (bring) people together and such an ⑩_______ (influence) event will boost global consumption potential. Chinese brands are entering the international market in a more imperceptible（感觉不到的）way and resonating （引起共鸣）with global users.
五、短文改错
38、假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
To make our life colorful, my classmates and I took part in a picking activity on a farm locating in the suburb of our city on last Sunday.
Upon our arrival, we were all deep attracted by that we saw. Lovely fruits, such as peaches and cherries, hang on the green branch, which made us really excited. As soon as they were divided into small groups, we worked separately. As time passed by, the activity came to end and all of us gained various fresh and tasty fruits. Tired although I was, I found it worthwhile and get close to nature could benefit us a lot.
六、书面表达
39、假定你是李华，是校报的一位英文编辑，收到英国来的交换生Tony的一封求助邮件，诉说由于文化差异等原因，导致新环境适应困难，现在过得很不开心。请你以李华的名义给他回一封邮件。内容包括：
1.安慰对方
2.你的建议
3.你的祝福
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Tony,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
参考答案
1、答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据文章Transportation factors部分的Therefore, the site needs to be close enough to transportation infrastructure,such as ports, rails and roads.Wenchang Spacecraft Launch Site was constructed near coastal ports which allows access to transportation.(因此，该地点需要足够靠近交通基础设施，如港口、铁路和公路。文昌飞船发射场建在沿海港口附近，便于运输。)可知文昌卫星发射场是发射卫星最省油的地方。故选B。
2、答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据文章Weather conditions部分的Astable climate could also reduce variations of experiments since the weather has little effect on the tests.For example, Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center has perfect weather conditions.Being dry and warm,he site is suitable for launches nearly 300 days a year. (稳定的气候也可以减少实验的变化,因为天气对测试的影响很小。比如说。酒泉卫星发射中)拥有完美的天气条件。这里干燥温暖，-年有近300天都适合发射。)可知当地全年气候几乎稳定,这使得酒泉卫星发射中心成为发射卫星的理想场斤。故选D。
3、答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据文章Transportation factors部分的Therefore, the site needs to be close enough totransportation infrastructure, such as ports, rails and roads.Wenchang Spacecraft Launch Site was constructed near coastal ports which allows access to transportation.(因此，该地点需要足够靠近交通基础设施，如港口、铁路和公路。文昌飞船发射场建在沿海港口附近，便于运输。)可知选择文昌作为航天器发射场是因为它享有海上运输的便利。故选A。
4、答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段In the words of the Nobel committee，Ernaux was given the award "for the courage and amazing insight" of her writing.（用诺贝尔委员会的话来说，欧诺因其作品的"勇气和惊人的洞察力"而获奖。）可知C.She was awarded for the bravery and observations shown in her writing.（她因写作中表现出的勇气和观察力而获奖。）符合题意。故选C。
5、答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第四段Her "upbringing and experiences navigating adolescence and adulthood" inspire many of her works（她的"青春期和成年期的成长和经历"激发了她的许多作品）可知她从个人经历中获得创作灵感。故选D。
6、答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段Ernaux described her style as "flat writing" through which she aims to tell her stories objectively， "unshaped by florid（过多修饰的）description or overwhelming emotions， " noted Fox News.（埃尔诺克斯将她的风格描述为"平淡的写作"，她旨在通过这种方式客观地讲述自己的故事，"不受华丽的描述或压倒一切的情绪的影响，"福克斯新闻频道指出。）可知埃尔诺克斯的文字客观易懂。A.Objective and easy to understand.客观易懂的；B.Plain and relaxing.平淡而轻松的；C.Descriptive and serious.描述性的，严肃的；D.Emotional and touching.动情又感人的。故选A。
7、答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段"She writes about things that no one else writes about，for instance her jealousy，her experiences as an abandoned lover and so forth.I mean，really hard experiences， " Anders Olsson，chairman of the Nobel Committee for Literature（"她写的是别人不写的东西，比如她的嫉妒，她作为被抛弃的情人的经历等等。我的意思是，非常艰难的经历，"诺贝尔文学奖委员会主席安德斯•奥尔森说）可知根据安德斯•奥尔森的观点，安妮•埃尔诺克斯与其他作家不同是因为她的作品是关于未探索的主题。因此C.Her works are about unexplored subjects.（她的作品是关于未探索的主题。）符合题意。故选C。
8、答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段第二句The team's findings could one day lead to new designs for airplane wings that change their shape with the push of a button.（研究小组的发现有朝一日可能导致新设计的飞机机翼，改变他们的形状按一个按钮。）可知，这项新研究可能会促使飞机机翼新设计的产生，只需按下一个按钮，这种机翼就可以改变形状。由此推断，这项新研究是有益的。A.Beneficial有益的；B.Traditional传统的；C.Typical典型的；D.Commercial商业的。故选A。
9、答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的Each of those rays can be controlled individually just like your fingers，but there are 20 or 30 rays in each fin.（每条光线都可以像你的手指一样单独控制，但是每条鳍上有20到30条光线。）可知，鱼鳍中的鳍条和人类的手指一样可以单独操控，即独立工作，故第二段中提到手指是为了说明鱼鳍中的鳍条可以独立工作。故选B。
10、答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的Each ray in a fin is made up of multiple segments（段）of a hard material that lie on top of much softer collagen（胶原），making rays the perfect balance between flexibility and strength.（鱼鳍中的每一条鱼都是由硬质材料的多个部分组成的，这些硬质材料位于更柔软的胶原蛋白之上，使鱼鳍在柔韧性和力量之间达到完美的平衡。）可知，鱼鳍是由较硬的物质和胶原组成的，这使得鱼鳍既有强度又有韧性，对鱼鳍的机械性能有重要影响。故选B。
11、答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第三段前两句Pretend for a moment，" Barthelat explained， "that fish fins are entirely made up of collagen.They could bend easily，but wouldn't give fish much pulling force in the water.（假设一下，"Barthelat 解释说，"鱼鳍完全是由胶原蛋白组成的。它们可以很容易地弯曲，但不会给鱼在水中很大的拉力。）可知，如果鱼鳍完全由胶原构成，鱼鳍在水中不会给鱼带来太大的牵引力。因为鱼是通过鱼鳍的摆动来游泳的，如果鱼鳍在水中不会给鱼带来太大的牵引力，那么鱼就游得很慢。故选D。
12、答案：B
解析：代词指代题。根据第一段最后一句Development of new technology has always required investment. (新技术的发展总是需要投资的。)和第二段第一句This applies to the generation of renewable energy, and to the countless lifestyle changes that follow from the shift away from coal, oil and gas.Electric cars and other transport are one example. (这适用于可再生能源的生产,也适用于从煤炭、石油和天然气的转变所带来的无数生活方式的改变。)可知，划线词this指代上文中提到的"投资"。结合选项A.Transition.转变, 过渡; B.Investment.投资;C.New technology.新技术; D.Low-carbon energy.低碳能源。分析可知，B项符合语义。故选B。
13、答案：D
解析：观点态度题。根据第倒数二段后两句So far, five European countries have agreed to contribute to a fund to help weak countries manage global heating's destructive effects. These commitments are welcome, but insufficient. (到目前为止，五个欧洲国家已经同意向一个基金捐款，以帮助弱国应对全球变暖的破坏性影响。这些承诺是受欢迎的，但还不够。)可知,作者对欧洲五国所做的事情还不够。结合选项A.Disapproving.不赞成的; B.Suspicious.怀疑的; C.Unconcerned.漠不关心的; D.Unsatisfactory.不满意的。 分析可知，D项符合作者的态度。故选D。
14、答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据最后第一段后两句Thankfully, we now know that there are alternatives to this destructive pattern. Renewable energy, along with social change aimed at limiting some forms of consumption, is at the heart of this prospectus (会议章程) . (值得庆幸的是，我们现在知道，除了这种破坏性的模式，还有其他选择。可再生能源，以及旨在限制某些形式消费的社会变革,是会议章程的核心。)
可知，通过改变破坏模式，利用可再生能源,我们可以效地实现碳减排。故选C。
15、答案：A
解析：标题归纳题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中的After leaving there I visited several other interesting places such as palaces, churches and the narrow streets of the downtown. After four hours in Ferrara I left by train to Mantua. There I had a much better time. (从化石燃料过渡到低碳能源是保证我们的地球安全和子孙后代宜居的唯一途径。 值得庆幸的是，这种转变已经开始，但还有很长的路要走。这些需要的改变是要花钱的。新技术的发展总是需要投资的。)可知，文章主要讲述低碳能源的转型需要投资。结合选项A.A green transition requires funding.绿色转型需要资金; B.The rich world must do more in the transition.富裕国家在转型中必须做得更多; C.Rich countries are to blame for carbon emissions.富裕国家应为碳排放负责;D.Development of new technology is urgently needed.迫切需要开发新技术。分析可知，A项符合文章的主旨。故选A。
16、答案：①-⑤FCDEG
解析：①推理判断题。根据前句Mindful eating focuses on wellness and how we eat, not what we eat (用心饮食关注的是健康和饮食方式，不是我们吃什么)，可知表示"这包括注意我们吃饭时的想法和感觉"的选项F符合前后介绍Mindful eating概念的语境，It代指Mindful eating,故选F。
②主题判断题。根据后文We find ourselves eating in the car commuting to work, at the desk in front of a computer screen, or parked on the couch watching TV (我们发现自己在上班路上的车上吃饭，坐在电脑屏幕前的桌子上吃饭，或者停在沙发上看电视)，可知表示"我们繁忙的日常生活经常使吃饭时间变得匆忙"的选项C可以作为本段的主题，eating in the car commuting to work, at the desk in front of a computer screen, or parked on the couch watching TV和make mealtimes rushed affairs是关联词，故选C。
③推理判断题。根据前句In fact, we often eat for reasons other than hunger- to satisfy emotional needs, to relieve stress, or cope with unpleasant emotions such as sadness, anxiety, loneliness, or boredom (事实上，我们经常不是为了饥饿，而是为了满足情绪需求、缓解压力或应对不愉快的情绪，例如悲伤、焦虑孤独或无聊)，可知表示"用心饮食与这种不健康的无意识饮食相反"的选项D可以承接上文, this kind of unhealthy "mindless" eating和to satisfy emotional needs, to relieve stress, or cope with unpleasant emotions是关联词，故选D。
④推理判断题。根据前句Mindful eating isn't about being perfect, always eating the right things, or never allowing yourself to eat on-the-go again (用心吃饭并不意味着完美，总是吃正确的东西，或者永远不允许自己在旅途中进食)，可知表示"也不是对你摄入多少卡路里设定严格的规则"的选项E承接上文, isn't about being perfect和Neither is it about setting strict rules是关联词，故选E。
⑤推理判断题。根据前文Being mindful of the food you eat can promote better digestion, keep you full with less food, and influence wiser choices about what you eat in the future (注意你吃的食物可以促进更好的消化，让你少食饱腹，并影响你对饮食的明智选择未来)，可知表示"它还可以帮助你摆脱食物和饮食方面的不良习惯"的选项G符合前后介绍用心饮食作用的语境, It代指Being mindful of the food you eat,故选G。
17、答案：B
解析：考查副词及语境理解。A.unexpectedly难以预料地; B.uncontrollably不能控制地; C.unreasonably不合理地; D.unbelievably难以置信地。根据后文Crying yet again, I tried to lift my suitcase up the stairs.可知我又一次哭了,试图把我的手提箱搬上楼梯。说明我也控制不住地哭了。故答案为B。
18、答案：D
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.clothing衣服; B.books书; C.souvenir纪念品; D.suitcase手提箱。根据后文Crying yet again, I tried to lift my suitcase up the stairs.可知我又一次哭了,试图把我的手提箱搬上台阶。说明我挣扎着把手提箱搬.上另一段楼梯。故答案为D。
19、答案：C
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.occupation职业; B.curricula课程; C.life生活; D.accommodation住宿。根据空后had been such a mess可知我在努力理解我的生活是如何变得如此糟糕。故答案为C。
20、答案：B
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.reminded提醒; B.informed告知; C.convinced使信服; D.warned警告。根据下句that I would never speak to him, his wife, or my two (5) again可知我叔叔告诉我,我再也不会和他、他的妻子或者我的两个堂兄弟说了。故答案为B。
21、答案：A
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.cousins表兄弟; B.brothers兄弟; C.relatives亲戚; D.friends朋友。根据上句I would never speak to him, his wife可知我叔叔告诉我,我再也不会和他、他的妻子或者我的两个堂兄弟说话了。故答案为A。
22、答案：B
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.visited参观; B.phoned打电话; C.met遇到; D.greeted打招呼。我整个晚上都呆在房间里,一边哭一边给我的一个朋友打电话。故答案为B。
23、答案：C
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.thanks感谢; B.inquiry询问; C.apology道歉; D.sympathy同情。根据前文The day before, I had a fierce quarrel with my uncle for a certain reason可知前一天,我因为某个原因和我叔叔发生了激烈的争吵。说明我应该向叔叔道歉。故答案为C。
24、答案：D
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.shuttle穿梭; B.ferry渡轮; C.minibus小型巴士; D.subway地铁。根据下句I was familiar with the subway可知我对地铁很熟悉。说明我乘坐地铁去朋友家。故答案为D。
25、答案：A
解析：考查形容词及语境理解。A.endless无穷无尽的; B.fragile脆弱的; C.primitive原始的; D.sacred神圣的。根据上句I was familiar with the subway (我对地铁很熟悉)和but表示转折,可知当时,这是一条铺着无尽白色瓷砖的地铁。故答案为A。
26、答案：C
解析：考查形容词及语境理解。A.stubborn固执的; B.energetic精力旺盛的; C.exhausted疲惫的; D.embarrassed尴尬的。根据下句Crying yet again, I tried to lift my suitcase up the stairs.可知我又一次哭了,试图把我的手提箱搬上楼梯。说明当时我很疲惫。故答案为C。
27、答案：A
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.elevators电梯; B.shelters避难所; C.conductors导体; D.motorcycles摩托车。根据下句Crying yet again, I tried to lift my suitcase up the stairs.可知我又一次哭了,试图把我的手提箱搬上楼梯。说明当时电梯都不工作了。故答案为A。
28、答案：B
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.passengers乘客; B.hands手; C.operators操作员; D.eyes眼睛。根据下句each time I(13) another set of steps, a hand would grasp the suitcase handle and (14) it.可知每当我面对另一组台阶时,就会有一只手抓住手提箱的把手把它提起来。说明有人伸手帮助我。故答案为B
29、答案：D
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.witnessed目睹; B.prepared准备; C.discovered发现; D.faced面临。当我面对另一组台阶时,就会有一只手抓住手提箱的把手把它提起来。故答案为D。
30、答案：A
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.lift举起; B.spin旋转; C.return回来; D.place放置。根据前文Crying yet again, I tried to lift my suitcase up the stairs.可知我又一次哭了,试图把我的手提箱搬上楼梯。说明有人抓住手提箱的把手把它提起来。故答案为A。
31、答案：C
解析：考查动词短语及语境理解。A.reach out伸手够; B.turn up出现; C.let go放手; D.let out释放。根据上句At the top of the steps可知在台阶的顶端,会松开,我会把行李箱拉到下一组台阶。故答案为C。
32、答案：B
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.appealing吸引; B.crying哭; C.whispering低声说; D.wandering徘徊。根据前文Crying yet again, Itried to lift my suitcase up the stairs.可知我又一次哭了,试图把我的手提箱搬上楼梯。说明我无法停止哭泣。故答案为B。
33、答案：C
解析：考查形容词及语境理解。A.clumsy笨拙的; B.tough艰难的; C.different不同的; D.rigid僵硬的。根据下句many different people helped me可知每只手看起来都不-样,很多不同的人帮助了我。故答案为C。
34、答案：D
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.compensated补偿; B.compromised妥协; C.watched观看; D.helped帮助。根据上句many different people helped me可知每只手看起来都不-样,很多不同的人帮助了我。故答案为D。
35、答案：A
解析：考查形容词及语境理解。A.last最后的; B.steady稳定的; C.flexible灵活的; D.novel新颖的。他们只是帮忙,一直爬到出站的最后一段楼梯的顶端。故答案为A。
36、答案：D
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.guarantee确保; B.mention提及; C.cherish珍惜; D.convey表达。根据空后appreciation可知我无法表达感激之情。故答案为D。
37、答案：①contributions②for③which④ones⑤were delivered⑥had been used⑦A⑧surely⑨to bring⑩influential
解析：①考查可数名词的复数。句意:尽管未能获得2022年卡塔尔世界杯足球赛的参赛资格,但中国为这项全球最大的体育赛事做出了巨大贡献。contribution "贡献"，此处为可数名词,构成固定搭配make contribution to "对......做出贡献"，故填contributions。
②考查介词。句意:中国承建了卡塔尔974体育场。be responsible for "对......负责"，为固定搭配，故填for。
③考查非限制性定语从句。句意:它由深圳的中国国际海运集装箱公司用974个集装箱组装而成，这意味着它可以完全拆卸。指代前面句子,在非限制性定语从句中作主语，故填which。
④考查代词。句意:去年,苏州海格客车有限公司向卡塔尔交付了1815辆公交车,其中888辆电动公交车。前面有大于一的数字,所以用one的复数形式，故填ones。
⑤考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意:年，苏州海格客车有限公司向卡塔尔交付了1815辆公交车,其中888辆电动公交车。根据时间
状语last year,可知描述过去的事情,所以用一般过去时态，deliver和主语之间是被动关系,所以用被动语态,主语为名词复数1815 buses,故填were delivered。
⑥考查固定搭配和语态。句意:这是中国新能源巴士首次在大型全球体育赛事中使用。此处为固定句型"it was the first time that从句用"过去完成时态" , use和主语之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态,故填had been used.
⑦考查冠词。句意:比赛现场有各种各样的中国商品，包括来自浙江义乌和福建晋江的钥匙扣、喇叭、旗帜、服装和鞋子,以吸来自湖南浏阳的烟花。a wide range of"各种各样的"，为固定搭配，放在句首，所以开头字母要大写,故填A。
⑧考查副词。句意:如果中国为卡塔尔赛事提供的元素是争夺"全球制造业世界杯"，那么"中国之队"无疑是一个受欢迎的赢家。修饰动词was,所以用副词，故填surely。
⑨考查动词不定式。句意:足球具有将人们聚集在-起的力量,这样一项有影响力的活动将提升全球消费潜力。have the power to do sth."有做某事的力量"，为固定搭配，故填to bring.
⑩考查形容词。句意:足球具有将人们聚集在一起的力量，这样一项有影响力的活动将提升全球消费潜力。作定语修饰名词,所以用形容
词，故填influential。
38、答案：
To make our life colorful, my classmates and I took part in a picking activity on a farm in the suburb of our city last Sunday.
Upon our arrival, we were all attracted by we saw. Lovely fruits, such as peaches and cherries, on the green , which made us really excited. As soon as were divided into small groups, we worked separately. As time passed by, the activity came to end and all of us gained various fresh and tasty fruits. Tired I was, I found it worthwhile and close to nature could benefit us a lot.
解析：1.考查过去分词。句意:为了让我们的生活丰富多彩，上周日，我和我的同学在位于我们城市郊区的一个农场参加了采摘活动。分析可知,locate与其逻辑主语a farm之间为被动关系，所以此处应用过去分词作后置定语。故locating改为located。
2.考查固定短语。句意:为了让我们的生活丰富多彩，上周日 ，我和我的同学在位于我们城市郊区的一个农场参加了采摘活动。Last Sunday"上周日"，其前不需要加介词on。故删除last前的on。
3.考查副词。句意:到达后，我们都被眼前的景象深深吸引了。结合句意可知，此处应用副词deeply "深深地"作状语，修饰动词attracted, 表示程度深, deep作副词时，常用来表示具体的深度，不符合语境。故deep改为deeply。
4.考查宾语从句连接词。句意:到达后，我们都被眼前的景象深深吸引了。分析可知，此处引导宾语从句,从句缺少宾语,指事物，故应用连接代词what引导。故that改为what。
5.考查时态。句意:绿色的树枝上挂着桃子和樱桃等可爱的水果，这让我们非常兴奋。根据上下文可知，文章是在陈述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故hang改为hung。
6.考查可数名词复数。句意:绿色的树枝上挂着桃子和樱桃等可爱的水果，这让我们非常兴奋。branch"树枝"为可数名词, 结合语境可知，此处应用其复数形式表示泛指。故branch改为branches。
7.考查代词。句意:我们一被分成小组就开始分开工作。结合语境及后文we可知，此处代指作者和同学们，故应用we表示"我们"。故they改为we。
8.考查冠词。句意:随着时间的流逝,活动结束了，我们都收获了各种新鲜可口的水果。come to an end"结束"，固定短语。故end前加an。
9.考查连词。句意:虽然我很累，但我觉得这是值得的，而且接近大自然会让我们受益匪浅。分析可知，句子使用了倒装结构，故应用though引导该从句，although引导让步状语从句不能用倒装。故although改为though/as。
10.考查动名词。句意:虽然我很累，但我觉得这是值得的，而且接近大自然会让我们受益匪浅。分析句子结构可知，此处应用动名词短语作主语。故get改为getting。
39、答案：
Dear Tony,
I am sorry to learn that you are having difficulty in getting used to the new school. Actually almost everyone exposed to an entirely alien environment has the same problem. [高分句型一] I'm convinced that you can manage to get over the difficulty through your effort. Perhaps the following suggestions are helpful. (安慰对方)
In most cases, the language barrier becomes a major obstacle, and thus learning the local language well is bound to make your daily life easier. What's more, it is advised to take an active part in class and after-school activities, which can help your classmates learn more about you. It's also a good idea to make friends and develop new relationships, which will surely relieve your loneliness and anxiety. [高分句型二] (你的建议)
To conclude, adaptation is a process. Just be patient, and you'll gradually enjoy yourself here .Wish to see your improvement soon. (你的祝福)
Yours,
Li Hua
解析：高分句型一: Actually almost everyone exposed to an entirely alien environment has the same problem.
译文:事实上，几乎每个暴露在完全陌生环境中的人都有同样的问题。
分析:这句话使用了过去分词短语exposed to an entirely alien environment作定语修饰everyone。
高分句型二: It's also a good idea to make friends and develop new relationships, which will surely relieve your loneliness and anxiety.
译文:交朋友和发展新关系也是一个好主意，这肯定会缓解你的孤独和焦虑。
分析:这句话使用了which引导的非限制性定语从句。