2023屇广东省汕头市金山中学高考三模英语试题（含解析）

这是一份2023屇广东省汕头市金山中学高考三模英语试题（含解析），共22页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，用单词的适当形式完成短文，建议信，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2023屇广东省汕头市金山中学高考三模英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、阅读理解
Giving Tuesday is the perfect time for you to help out some pets in need. And we have a few ideas.
By design, Giving Tuesday arrives the Tuesday after Thanksgiving, and is a perfect time to give to those less fortunate. That includes dogs, thousands of whom will be spending the holidays in shelters rather than loving homes. For a few dollars, you can make their stay a little easier.
Here are several ways you can contribute to animal welfare on Giving Tuesday.
Your Local Animal Shelter
This is the best way to see an immediate impact while keeping dollars in your area. Shelters almost certainly could use your help. If you can’t adopt a pet or donate some time, a money gift is the next best option.
Find your local rescue’s website or social media profile and see if they have a page where you can donate. You can also check and see if the organization has a wish list you can view. Then you can buy something you’re sure they need.
Organizations Affected By Natural Disasters
2022 was yet another year full of natural disasters, whether it’s flooding, hurricanes, or fires. Through it all, shelters and rescues keep caring for their dogs and cats, keeping them safe and healthy.
Then comes the aftermath (余波). Shelters still have to care for many lost or homeless pets—numbers that often increase after disasters—as their communities clean up and rebuild. There’s no pause as their jobs get harder. If you know of an animal welfare organization affected by a disaster this year—natural or otherwise—they could use some help.
Plenty More Giving Opportunities
There is no shortage of places to donate on Giving Tuesday, so if you’re still unsure on where to direct your generosity—or, hopefully, willing to give to a few organizations—here are even more ideas.
Canine Cellmates, a program that aims to train dogs to be adoptable
America’s VetDogs, which partners service dogs with veterans (老兵)
Best Friends Society, an organization dedicated to avoiding the euthanisation (使安乐死) of shelter dogs
Biscuits and Bones, which organizes dog food donations
There are hundreds of other worthy organizations not listed here, so research your own area and give somewhere close to your heart.
1．Which of the following is the best way to help your local animal shelter?
A．Donating money B．Volunteering
C．Providing animals D．Saving dollars
2．Why are natural disasters challenging for animal shelters?
A．It is hard to clean up B．They are easily damaged
C．Pets tend to become unhealthy D．They have more animals to deal with
3．Which organization prepares dogs for new homes?
A．Best Friends Society
B．America’s VetDogs
C．Canine Cellmates
D．Biscuits and Bones

I was 68 when I first stepped on stage as a standup comedian in 2003. I’d never set foot in a comedy club before. I’ve always been a performer - I’ve worked as a singer, actor and musician - but all that came to an end after 9/11. I live in New York, and we watched the twin towers fall from my apartment building. For a year afterwards, nobody wanted to go out or be entertained.
It was then that I started to think about comedy. I realised people needed to laugh, to enjoy themselves again, and thought that with a little training I could do it. I took a few classes, tried to work out a routine, and finally plucked up the courage to get up on stage. That first time was terrifying. I had no idea what the audience would make of me.
In New York, comedians are typically young men with beards. It’s hard enough to break through as a woman, even harder as someone old enough to be their grandmother. As I stepped on stage that first time, people laughed nervously. They were clearly surprised to see me. I introduced myself, stated my age and tried my first joke. There was silence. But by the time I got to the third line, people were properly laughing, I was addicted.
Now my sets differ. I might be on stage for 10 minutes in front of a dozen people, or my one-woman show is a full hour in front of a crowd of 100. Even today, I’m nervous before I step out. My first line is, “Hello, everybody. I’m 88 and three-quarters years old. I’m telling you that in case I don’t make it all the way through the show.” Then people laugh and I relax.
After a show, people young and old come up to me, saying what an inspiration I am. They say they want to be as active as me when they reach my age. I’m pleased I can show that as an older person you don’t need to take a back seat in life.
I’ve no intention of stopping comedy. I’m taking all these pills, trying to stay alive, and I hope to still be performing when I’m 100. My goal is to still be up there making people laugh. It’s hard work, but it stops me being bored. I’d only be playing golf otherwise
4．What made the writer take up comedy?
A．She wanted to overcome her fears B．She wanted to brighten others’ lives
C．She was unwilling to quit performing D．She wanted to work out a routine
5．Why does the writer mention young men with beards in Paragraph 3?
A．To show the challenge she was facing
B．To explain her attraction to the job
C．To illustrate her special advantage
D．To describe her new friends in comedy
6．How has the writer made progress since her first performance?
A．She now performs before larger audiences
B．She no longer feels nervous before performances
C．She remains on the stage for a longer time
D．She has learned to make a joke of her age
7．Which of the following statements would the writer agree with?
A．Age is just a number
B．Advancing years bring greater wisdom
C．Old age means a chance to sit back
D．Being elderly means you have to slow down

We’ve all been there. It has been a long day, there is nothing in the fridge, cooking seems arduous and the solution is obvious: takeaway. It’s easy for takeaways to become a regular habit. At some point, you have to wonder: even if you don’t look different in the mirror, is it doing you any harm?
There is some evidence that too many takeaways is linked to weight gain, but the relationship isn’t clear. A 2022 study found a connection between eating takeaway-style food in the 24 hours before taking the survey and increased BMI in participants, although the researchers were careful to point out that they didn’t know whether frequently eating takeaways made people overweight, or whether overweight people frequently eat takeaways. There is, however, evidence that simply living near(or walking past)a takeaway outlet or two can have an impact on body weight, with exposure to outlets near the workplace, most likely to tempt people.
But why? Well, takeaway food tends to be high in fat and salt - ingredients that are relatively cheap and taste good, making you more likely to reorder. There is also some evidence that junk food can be addictive, as the combination of salt, fat and sugar makes it hard to stop eating.
There is also the nutritional quality of the ingredients themselves. “Most takeaways contain highly processed ingredients and additives, nutrient-poor carbohydrates and plenty of deep-fried foods cooked in oil repeatedly heated to high temperatures, says Pearson.
So, what is the message? If you must place that order, consider the options:
The worst offenders on any menu are likely to be fried foods, or anything covered in high-sugar sauces. If you order Chinese food, go for steamed dumplings, grilled fish or soup. If you are going for Indian food, go heavy on the side dishes, like bean and potato curries, which are often more flavourful and healthy.
Finally, try to cut your consumption: consider switching your daily routes, hide the menus, and delete the apps on your phone.
8．What does the underlined word ‘arduous’ in Paragraph 1 probably mean?
A．Attractive B．Troublesome
C．Confusing D．Dull
9．What are researchers still unclear about?
A．The cause and effect relationship of takeaways and being overweight
B．Whether there is any connection between takeaways and being overweight
C．Which ingredients in takeaway food are the most addictive
D．Whether takeaways near the workplace are more likely to attract people
10．Which takeaway choice would the writer consider least harmful?
A．Hamburgers and fries B．Indian main courses
C．Fried noodles D．Steamed dumplings
11．Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A．Takeaways make you fat
B．Are takeaways harmful?
C．How to choose the best takeaway
D．How to avoid takeaways

Scrubbing your hands with soap and water washes away germs (细菌). But the hot-air hand dryers found in many public restrooms seem to spray microbes (微生物)right back onto clean skin. That’s what 16-year-old Zita Nguyen found by testing peopled freshly washed and dried hands.
She showcased her findings this week at the Regeneron International Science and Engineering Fair (ISEF). Held in Dallas, Texas, this competition is a program of the Society for Science.
Toilets in public restrooms seldom have lids. So flushing them sprays the germs from body waste into the air. That same air is drawn into those electric hand dryers. These machines provide a nice warm home in which microbes can grow, Zita says. Cleaning the inside of these machines can be difficult, she adds.
The teen had four people wash and dry their hands in restrooms at a mall and a gas station. The participants scrubbed with soap and water. After each washing, they dried their hands using one of three different methods. In some trials, they simply used paper towels. In the others, they used an electric hand dryer. Sometimes, they held their hands close to the machine, about 13 centimeters below it. Other times, they held their hands about 30 centimeters below the dryer. Each hand-drying condition was performed 20 times.
Right after this drying, Zita swabbed (用拭子擦)their hands for germs. Then she rubbed the swabs onto petri dishes filled with nutrients that would fuel a microbe’s growth. She housed these dishes in an incubator (孵化器) for three days.
Fewer than 50 colonies of microbes, on average, turned up in each dish exposed to swabs from hands dried with paper towels or from hands held farther from the electric dryers. In contrast, more than 130 colonies, on average, grew in petri dishes from hands held close to the hot-air dryers.
At first, Zita was amazed by all the microbes in these dishes. Quickly, however, she realized they represented what covered peopled hands after using a hot-air dryer. “This is disgusting,” she now says. “I’m never going to use these machines again!”
12．What is the main function of the first paragraph?
A．To provide background information
B．To summarize Zita’s findings
C．To call for action
D．To explain a rule
13．Which of the following does NOT play a role in the phenomenon Zita discovered?
A．Public toilets often lack lids
B．Hand dryers are warm
C．People often forget to wash their hands
D．The inside of hand dryers is hard to clean
14．What did Zita do as part of the experiment?
A．She analysed existing data
B．She tested hundreds of people
C．She visited many locations
D．She compared different methods
15．What is Zita’s attitude to electric dryers now?
A．Negative B．Uncertain
C．Supportive D．Interested


二、七选五
For decades, I was a hard drinker who could drink anyone under the table. This lasted from the age of 27 until after 50, a golden time during which I felt very sorry for ex-drinkers and people who couldn’t or wouldn’t drink. How did they make it through social situations, especially parties? What did they do at the end of a workday to celebrate and relax? 16
When I first tried to quit drinking myself in my early 50s, I wasn’t sure at first how it would work for me. But I did it anyway. 17 I was getting older. I had to concede that I wasn’t as tough as I used to be. Nights of drinking too much showed in my face, and I could feel it in my bones. I wanted to take care of myself. So for the next few years, I bounced between not drinking at all for months at a time, then slowly starting again until I had to quit again.
During these years, I didn’t love not drinking. But I had to admit that when I was off booze, I looked and felt better physically: I slept more deeply, had more energy, exercised more. My mind was clearer. My moods were brighter. Parties were hard, and so was cooking at the end of a day of writing without a glass of wine at my elbow. 18
I finally quit drinking for real almost four years ago, on 12 July 2019, when a writer friend stayed with my husband and me after his wife kicked him out. After my husband had gone upstairs to bed, my friend sat on our sofa drinking an entire bottle of gin, complaining about his fate, until he passed out next to our dog, whose bed that sofa was. 19 I didn’t have a drink the next night, or ever again since.
I’m not going to lie: being sober is not a hot-air balloon ride. 20 Having to feel my damn feelings without filters compels me to face and change the things in my life that keep me stuck. Hard work all around, but as my reward, I connect more deeply with the people I care about. I think of not drinking as a kindness I’ve given myself. And to my surprise, it’s rewarded me with true, hard-won happiness.
A．My body demanded it.
B．My health started improving rapidly.
C．It’s more like a hike in the mountains.
D．How did they quit drinking?
E．It was a wake-up call.
F．But the pluses seemed to outweigh the minuses.
G．How did they get through life?


三、完形填空
Eight-year-old Kayzen Hunter has a routine, breakfast at his local Waffle House with his family. With these trips comes his meal 21 by his favorite waiter, Devonte Gardner.
The family got more 22 with Devonte over time. “As we started to go more and more, we realized he’s just really a 23 in the world,” Hunter’s mother says. “It got to the point where we always would 24 in his section,” she adds. “He’s so smiley!”
One day, Kayzen learned that Gardner was in a(n). 25 living situation because his family’s rented apartment had a lot of 26 , and he didn’t have a car to drive to work. He decided he wanted to help his friend by raising money online.
The 27 idea was to raise enough to get Devonte a car. Though the GoFundMe started slow, with more attention, the amount raised has 28 to over $100, 000 as of publication. Now, Gardner has just 29 an agreement for a new apartment thanks to the efforts of his little friend.
“I will be moving in soon. We’re able to have a more stable life,” Gardner says, 30 that he’s looking to get a family car but will save the rest of the money for his kids.
“I think so many people 31 a lot of energy complaining about what they don’t like,” Kayzen’s mother says. “But if you just stay positive and take 32 , then you know eventually love and positivity will 33 . It always does.”
Kayzen’s father adds, “Kayzen’s middle name is 34 Love.” When asked if they think Kayzen is 35 his name, both of his parents reply “Exactly”.
21．A．prepared B．delivered C．served D．enjoyed
22．A．satisfied B．familiar C．hopeful D．confused
23．A．light B．worker C．trouble D．manager
24．A．wander B．look C．enter D．sit
25．A．comfortable B．practical C．puzzling D．tough.
26．A．space B．equipment C．issues D．owners
27．A．initial B．creative C．similar D．interesting
28．A．adjusted B．soared C．sunk D．set
29．A．designed B．noticed C．copied D．signed
30．A．adding B．promising C．suggesting D．claiming
31．A．gather B．waste C．reveal D．disturb
32．A．action B．time C．employment D．offence
33．A．turn up B．step aside C．set off D．win out
34．A．surprisingly B．actually C．eventually D．fortunately
35．A．getting used to B．looking down on C．living up to D．holding on to


四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
语法填空
Aside from teacups and rice bowls, China doesn’t do anything on a small scale. Sure enough, their recently-completed solar power array in Ningxia is huge.
The Ningxia array is the first of several giant renewable energy projects planned for 36 (construct) in the dry western areas like the Gobi, Tengger, and Taklamakan deserts.
China Energy Investment Corp says it is the first solar farm in the country 37 (include) an ultra high voltage power transmission channel that will bring the electricity 38 (generate) there to Hunan Province. This is because Hunan has 39 population of 66 million people, compared to Ningxia’s 7 million.
40 the most recent Five Year Plan, the Chinese government 41 (outline) their intention to install 100 gigawatts of renewable energy by 2026. Installed capacity of renewable energy in China continued to expand in the first quarter, 42 (reach) 47.4 million kW.
Like most rural Chinese provinces, Ningxia, along with Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia — the provinces 43 the three deserts mentioned above lie, rely 44 (heavy) on coal for electricity. 45 is hoped that the major installations of solar and wind will accelerate development in these mostly-agricultural economies.


五、建议信
46．假定你是李华。你校在新的一学期将会迎来一批外籍交换生。作为负责帮助这些交换生和他们的寄宿家庭(host family)联系沟通的学生导师(student mentor)，你刚收到一位交换生Peter的来信。在来信中Peter表达了对如何融入寄宿家庭的感到担忧和迷茫。请你给Peter回信，并给他一些如何跟寄宿家庭相处的建议。
Dear Peter,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua

六、读后续写
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“Watch out! You nearly broadsided that car!” My father yelled at me. “Can’t you do anything right?” Those words hurt worse than blows. I turned my head toward the elderly man in the seat beside me. A lump rose in my throat as I averted my eyes. I wasn’t prepared for another quarrel. “I saw the car, Dad. Please don’t yell at me when I’m driving.” My voice was measured and steady, sounding far calmer than I really felt. Dad glared at me, and then turned away and settled back.
That night I went outside to collect my thoughts. What could I do about him? Dad had been a lumberjack (伐木工人) in Washington and Oregon. He had enjoyed being outdoors using his strength against the forces of nature. The first time he couldn’t lift a heavy log, he joked about it; but later that same day I saw him outside alone, struggling to lift it. He became angry whenever anyone teased him about his advancing age, or when he couldn’t do something he had done as a younger man.
Four days after his sixty-seventh birthday, he had a heart attack. An ambulance sped him to the hospital. At the hospital, Dad was rushed into an operating room. He was lucky; he survived. But something inside Dad died. His enthusiasm for life was gone. He refused to follow the doctor’s orders. Suggestions and offers of help were turned down with bad words. The number of visitors thinned, and then finally stopped altogether. Dad was left alone.
My husband, Dick, and I asked Dad to come and live with us on our small farm. We hoped the fresh air and rustic atmosphere would help him adjust. Within a week after he moved in, I regretted the invitation. It seemed that nothing was satisfactory. He criticized everything I did. I became upset. Soon I was taking my anger out on Dick. We began to argue. Luckily, Dick had a friend who was a mental health expert. After he listened to our story, he recommended that we should find a dog to accompany Dad. I thought maybe I should have a try.
(1)所续写短文的同数应为150左右;
(2)请按如下格式作答。
I drove to the animal shelter and was led to the kennels (狗舍) by a keeper.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
“Dad! Look what I got for you, Dad!” I said excitedly.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考答案：
1．B 2．D 3．C

【导语】这是一篇应用文。星期二是你帮助需要帮助的宠物的最佳时间。文章主要介绍了几个方法可以让你在周二的捐赠活动中为动物福利做出贡献。
1．细节理解题。根据Your Local Animal Shelter部分中的“Shelters almost certainly could use your help. If you can’t adopt a pet or donate some time, a money gift is the next best option. (庇护所肯定需要你的帮助。如果你不能领养宠物或捐赠一些时间，金钱礼物是第二个最好的选择。)”可知，做志愿者是帮助当地动物收容所的最好方法，故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据Organizations Affected By Natural Disasters部分中的“Shelters still have to care for many lost or homeless pets—numbers that often increase after disasters—as their communities clean up and rebuild. (随着社区的清理和重建，收容所仍然不得不照顾许多走失或无家可归的宠物，而这些宠物的数量在灾后往往会增加)”可知，自然灾害给动物收容带来了挑战，这是因为灾后他们要收容更多的动物，故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据Plenty More Giving Opportunities部分中的“Canine Cellmates, a program that aims to train dogs to be adoptable (Canine Cellmates：旨在训练狗狗成为可收养的动物)”可知，Canine Cellmates这一组织为狗进入新家做准备，故选C。
4．B 5．A 6．D 7．A

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者高龄从事喜剧表演给人们带去欢乐并激励其他人的故事。
4．细节理解题。根据第二段的“It was then that I started to think about comedy. I realised people needed to laugh, to enjoy themselves again, and thought that with a little training I could do it. (就在那时，我开始思考喜剧。我意识到人们需要笑，需要重新享受生活，我想只要稍加训练，我就能做到)”可知，作者从事喜剧是因为她想让人们的生活快乐起来，重新享受生活。故选B。
5．推理判断题。根据第三段的“In New York, comedians are typically young men with beards. It’s hard enough to break through as a woman, even harder as someone old enough to be their grandmother.(在纽约，喜剧演员通常是留胡子的年轻人。作为一个女人，想要突破已经很困难了，对于一个年纪大到已经是他们祖母的人来说，就更难了)”推知，作者提到留胡子的年轻人是为了表明她所面临的挑战——性别和年龄。故选A。
6．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段的“Even today, I’m nervous before I step out. My first line is, “Hello, everybody. I’m 88 and three-quarters years old. I’m telling you that in case I don’t make it all the way through the show.” Then people laugh and I relax.(直到今天，我出门前还是很紧张。我的第一句话是：“大家好。我88又四分之三岁了。我告诉你这些是为了以防我没能撑到最后。”然后人们笑了，我也放松了)”可知，作者自第一次表演后尝试用调侃自己的年龄做开场，这样自己和听众都很放松。故选D。
7．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“They say they want to be as active as me when they reach my age. I’m pleased I can show that as an older person you don’t need to take a back seat in life.(他们说，当他们到了我这个年纪时，他们想和我一样活跃。我很高兴我能证明，作为一个老年人，你不需要在生活中退居二线)”和最后一段的“I’ve no intention of stopping comedy. I’m taking all these pills, trying to stay alive, and I hope to still be performing when I’m 100.(我无意停止演喜剧。我吃了这么多药，努力活下去，我希望我100岁的时候还能继续表演)”推知，作者认为年龄只是一个数字而已，无论到了哪个年龄阶段，我们都可以做自己喜欢且有意义的事情。故选A。
8．B 9．A 10．D 11．B

【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要就外卖是否对人身体有害进行了讨论。
8．词句猜测题。根据划线单词上文“It has been a long day, there is nothing in the fridge(这是漫长的一天，冰箱里什么都没有)”可知，冰箱里什么都没有，所以没法烹饪，即烹饪很困难，由此可推知划线单词“arduous”意为“困难的”，与B项“Troublesome(困难的)”意思一样，故选B。
9．细节理解题。根据第二段中“There is some evidence that too many takeaways is linked to weight gain, but the relationship isn’t clear. (有一些证据表明，吃太多的外卖与体重增加有关，但这种关系尚不清楚)”可知，吃太多的外卖与体重增加有关之间的关系尚不清楚，即研究人员对外卖与体重增加的因果关系尚不清楚，故选A。
10．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“The worst offenders on any menu are likely to be fried foods, or anything covered in high-sugar sauces. If you order Chinese food, go for steamed dumplings, grilled fish or soup. If you are going for Indian food, go heavy on the side dishes, like bean and potato curries, which are often more flavourful and healthy.(在任何菜单上危害最大的可能是油炸食品，或任何上面浇着高糖酱汁的食物。如果你点中国菜，可以点蒸饺、烤鱼或者汤。如果你想吃印度菜，那就多吃一些配菜，比如咖喱豆和土豆，它们通常更加美味和健康)”以及结合选项推知，作者认为蒸饺是对人身体产生最小危害的外卖，故选D。
11．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“It’s easy for takeaways to become a regular habit. At some point, you have to wonder: even if you don’t look different in the mirror, is it doing you any harm?(外卖很容易成为一种习惯。在某些时候，你不得不怀疑：即使你在镜子里看起来没有什么不同，这对你有什么害处吗？)”可知，文章主要就外卖是否对人身体有害进行了讨论。B项“外卖有害吗？”适合作文章标题，故选B。
12．B 13．C 14．D 15．A

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了16岁的 Zita Nguyen 通过测试发现，公共厕所的热风烘干机会把微生物直接喷回在刚洗干净的手上。
12．推理判断题。根据第一段中“But the hot-air hand dryers found in many public restrooms seem to spray microbes(微生物)right back onto clean skin. That’s what 16-year-old Zita Nguyen found by testing peopled freshly washed and dried hands.(但是在许多公共厕所发现的热风干手机似乎把微生物喷回到干净的皮肤上。这是16岁的 Zita Nguyen 通过测试刚洗干净的手发现的)”和第二段中“She showcased her findings this week at the Regeneron International Science and Engineering Fair (ISEF). (本周，她在再生能源国际科学与工程博览会（ISEF）上展示了自己的发现)”可推知，第一段主要是为了总结Zita的发现，故选B。
13．细节理解题。根据第三段“Toilets in public restrooms seldom have lids. So flushing them sprays the germs from body waste into the air. That same air is drawn into those electric hand dryers. These machines provide a nice warm home in which microbes can grow, Zita says. Cleaning the inside of these machines can be difficult, she adds.(公共厕所很少有盖子。因此，冲洗厕所会将粪便中的细菌从排泄物带到空气中。同样的空气被吸入那些电动干手机。齐塔说，这些机器提供了一个温暖的家，微生物可以在这里生长。她补充说，清洗这些机器的内部可能很困难)”可知，公共厕所很少有盖子，干手机是温暖的，清洗这干手机内部很困难，这些导致用干手机烘干手时会将细菌带来手上，C项“人们经常忘记洗手”不是其中一个原因，故选C。
14．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Right after this drying, Zita swabbed (用拭子擦)their hands for germs. Then she rubbed the swabs onto petri dishes filled with nutrients that would fuel a microbe’s growth. She housed these dishes in an incubator(孵化器)for three days.(烘干之后，齐塔在他们手上擦拭细菌。然后，她把棉签擦在培养皿上，培养皿里充满了能够促进微生物生长的营养物质。她把这些盘子放在保温箱里放了三天)”和第三段提到“After each washing, they dried their hands using one of three different methods. (每次洗手后，他们用三种不同的方法中的一种烘干双手)”提到参与者用不同的方法烘干手可知，在实验中，Zita比较了不同的方法，故选D。
15．推理判断题。根据最后一段中““This is disgusting,” she now says. “I’m never going to use these machines again!”(“这太恶心了，”她现在说，“我再也不用这些机器了！”)”可推知，现在Zita对干手机的态度是消极的，故选A。
16．G 17．A 18．F 19．E 20．C

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者戒酒的过程。
16．上文“This lasted from the age of 27 until after 50, a golden time during which I felt very sorry for ex-drinkers and people who couldn’t or wouldn’t drink. How did they make it through social situations, especially parties? What did they do at the end of a workday to celebrate and relax(这种情况从27岁一直持续到50岁以后，在那段黄金时期，我为那些曾经喝酒的人和那些不能或不愿喝酒的人感到非常遗憾。他们是如何通过社交活动，特别是派对的？他们在工作日结束时做了什么来庆祝和放松？)”指出作者爱喝酒，并提出几个问题为那些曾经喝酒的人和那些不能或不愿喝酒的人表示遗憾，由此可知，空处也应是提出问题，表示遗憾，G项“他们是如何度过一生的？”符合，故选G。
17．上文“When I first tried to quit drinking myself in my early 50s, I wasn’t sure at first how it would work for me. But I did it anyway( 在我50岁出头的时候，我第一次尝试戒酒，起初我并不确定这对我有什么用。但我还是做了。)”指出作者开始戒酒，下文“I was getting older. I had to concede that I wasn’t as tough as I used to be.(随着年纪变大，我不得不承认我不像以前那么坚强了。)”说明作者戒酒的原因——即岁数大了，身体不允许作者再喝酒了，A项“我的身体需要这样做。”符合，引起下文，故选A。
18．上文“But I had to admit that when I was off booze, I looked and felt better physically: I slept more deeply, had more energy, exercised more. My mind was clearer. My moods were brighter. Parties were hard, and so was cooking at the end of a day of writing without a glass of wine at my elbow.(但我不得不承认，当我戒酒后，我的身体状况看起来好多了：睡得更深，精力更充沛，锻炼得更多。我的头脑更清醒了。我的心情好多了。聚会是艰难的，在一天写作结束的时候，手边没有一杯葡萄酒，做饭也变得艰难起来的。)”重点描述了戒酒的好处，由此可知，戒酒利大于弊，空处对上文进行总结，F项“但利大于弊。”符合，故选F。
19．上文“After my husband had gone upstairs to bed, my friend sat on our sofa drinking an entire bottle of gin, complaining about his fate, until he passed out next to our dog, whose bed that sofa was(在我丈夫上楼睡觉后，我的朋友坐在我们的沙发上喝了一整瓶杜松子酒，抱怨他的命运，后来他昏倒在我们的狗旁边，那张沙发就是我们狗的床。)”描述作者朋友喝醉酒后躺在狗床上睡着了，下文“I didn’t have a drink the next night, or ever again since.(第二天晚上我没有喝酒，从那以后我再也没有喝过酒。)”指出作者从那以后戒酒了，由此可知，空处应该是描述朋友喝酒对作者的影响，即让作者戒酒了，E项“这是一个警钟。”符合，故选E。
20．由上文“I’m not going to lie: being sober is not a hot-air balloon ride.(我不想撒谎：保持清醒不是坐热气球（让人飘忽不定）。)”可知，空处承接上文，应该指出不喝酒的感觉是什么样的，C项“更像是在山里远足。”符合，故选C。

21．C 22．B 23．A 24．D 25．D 26．C 27．A 28．B 29．D 30．A 31．B 32．A 33．D 34．B 35．C

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了服务员Devonte Gardner尽管生活状况很艰难，但是凭借乐观的天性，得到了Kayzen Hunter一家人的帮助。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这些旅行中，他最喜欢的服务员Devonte Gardner为他上了饭。A. prepared准备；B. delivered递送；C. served服务；D. enjoyed欣赏。根据上文“With these trips comes his meal”可知，此处指端上饭菜，应用serve。故选C。
22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，这家人对Devonte越来越熟悉了。A. satisfied满意的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. hopeful有希望的；D. confused困惑的。根据后文“As we started to go more and more”可知他们经常去餐厅，和Devonte越来越熟悉了。故选B。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Hunter的母亲说：“随着我们走得越来越远，我们意识到他真的是世界上的一束光。”A. light光线；B. worker工人；C. trouble麻烦；D. manager经理。根据后文“He’s so smiley!”可知，Gardner很爱笑，乐观，所以比喻成世界上的一束光。故选A。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她补充说：“我们总是在他的区域里坐着。他太爱笑了!”A. wander想知道；B. look看；C. enter进入；D. sit坐下。根据后文“in his section”指坐在Devonte服务的区域里。故选D。
25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有一天，Kayzen得知Gardner的生活状况很艰难，因为他家租的公寓有很多问题，而且他没有车可以开车去上班。A. comfortable舒服的；B. practical实际的；C. puzzling令人迷惑的；D. tough艰难的。根据后文“he didn’t have a car to drive to work”可知，Gardner的生活状况很艰难，故选D。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一天，Kayzen得知Gardner的生活状况很艰难，因为他家租的公寓有很多问题，而且他没有车可以开车去上班。A. space空间；B. equipment装备；C. issues问题；D. owners物主。根据后文“and he didn’t have a car to drive to work”可知，此处主要是在说明遇到的问题，故选C。
27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最初的想法是筹集足够的资金给Devonte买一辆车。A. initial最初的；B. creative创造性的；C. similar熟悉的；D. interesting有趣的。根据后文“an agreement for a new apartment thanks to the efforts of his little friend”可知，后来筹集到的资金多到可以租房子了，说明最初的想法是筹集足够的资金给Devonte买一辆车。故选A。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然GoFundMe起步缓慢，但随着越来越多的关注，截至发稿时，筹集的资金已飙升至10万美元以上。A. adjusted调整；B. soared飙升；C. sunk下沉；D. set设置。根据后文“to over $100,000”指筹集的资金已飙升至10万美元以上。故选B。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，由于他的小朋友的努力，Gardner刚刚签了一份新公寓的协议。A. designed设计；B. noticed注意到；C. copied复制；D. signed示意，署名。根据后文“an agreement for a new apartment thanks to the efforts of his little friend”指Gardner刚刚签了一份新公寓的协议。故选D。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我很快就要搬进去了。我们可以有一个更稳定的生活，”Gardner说，他补充说，他想买一辆家用汽车，但会把剩下的钱留给他的孩子。A. adding增加；B. promising承诺；C. suggesting建议；D. claiming声称。根据后文“that he’s looking to get a family car but will save the rest of the money for his kids”他想买一辆家用汽车，但会把剩下的钱留给他的孩子，是对之前的补充。故选A。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我认为很多人浪费了很多精力抱怨他们不喜欢的东西。A. gather聚集；B. waste浪费；C. reveal揭示；D. disturb打扰。根据后文“a lot of energy complaining about what they don’t like”指浪费了很多精力抱怨他们不喜欢的东西。故选B。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但如果你只是保持积极并采取行动，那么你知道最终爱和积极会胜出。A. action行动；B. time时间；C. employment雇用；D. offence犯罪。根据上文“But if you just stay positive and take”可知，建议保持积极并采取行动。故选A。
33．考查动词短语辨析。句意：但如果你只是保持积极并采取行动，那么你知道最终爱和积极会胜出。A. turn up出现；B. step aside让路；C. set off出发；D. win out胜出。根据上文“then you know eventually love and positivity will”可知，如果你只是保持积极并采取行动，那么你知道最终爱和积极会胜出。故选D。
34．考查副词词义辨析。句意：Kayzen的中间名实际上是Love。A. surprisingly惊人地；B. actually实际上；C. eventually最后；D. fortunately幸运地。根据上文“Kayzen’s middle name is”指Kayzen的中间名实际上是Love。故选B。
35．考查动词短语辨析。句意：当被问及他们是否认为Kayzen名不副实时，他的父母都回答说：“刚刚好。”A. getting used to习惯于；B. looking down on看不起；C. living up to达到期望；D. holding on to抓住。根据后文“his name, both of his parents reply “Exactly””指名字是否没有辜负期待，故选C。

36．construction 37．to include 38．generated 39．a 40．In 41．outlined 42．reaching 43．where 44．heavily 45．It

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述在宁夏建成的太阳能电池阵列项目。
36．考查名词。句意：宁夏阵列是计划在戈壁、腾格里和塔克拉玛干沙漠等干旱西部地区建设的几个大型可再生能源项目中的第一个。空处作介词for的宾语，应用名词construction建设，不可数名词，故填construction。
37．考查非谓语动词。句意：中国能源投资有限责任公司说，这是中国第一个拥有超高压输电通道的太阳能发电场，将把那里产生的电力输送到湖南省。solar farm前有序数词修饰，此处用动词不定式作后置定语，表示“第一个拥有超高压输电通道的太阳能发电场”，故填to include。
38．考查非谓语动词。句意同上。动词generate和electricity之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语，故填generated。
39．考查冠词。句意：这是因为湖南有6600万人口，而宁夏只有700万人口。Population表示泛指，应用不定冠词，“a population of+数量”表示“……的人口”，故填a。
40．考查介词。句意：在最近的五年计划中，中国政府概述了到2026年安装100千兆瓦可再生能源的意图。结合句意可知，此处指“在最近的五年计划中”，用介词in，首字母应大写，故填In。
41．考查动词时态。句意同上。句子是描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，故填outlined。
42．考查非谓语动词。句意：第一季度，中国可再生能源装机容量继续扩大，达到4740万千瓦。动词reach和capacity之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词，作状语，故填reaching。
43．考查定语从句。句意：像中国大多数农村省份一样，宁夏、新疆和内蒙古——上面提到的三个沙漠所在的省份——严重依赖煤炭发电。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是provinces，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where，故填where。
44．考查副词。句意同上。此处修饰动词rely，应用副词形式，作状语，故填heavily。
45．考查it作形式主语。句意：希望太阳能和风能的主要装置将加速这些以农业为主的经济体的发展。分析句子可知，that引导主语从句，空处应用it作形式主语，首字母应大写，故填It。
46．Dear Peter,
It’s fantastic that you’re already turning your mind to ways of making your visit to China a success! Here are a few tips that I think will help you.
First of all, bear in mind that there’s no need to feel nervous or awkward. As the ancient saying ‘Nothing is more delightful than meeting friends from far away’ indicates, hospitality is one of China’s most cherished traditional virtues, so your host family will certainly strive to make you feel at home. Additionally, whatever you encounter, you should keep an open mind. From food to travel, countless unimaginable experiences are awaiting you, and whether it’s eating smelly tofu or rowing a dragon boat, the key is to just have a try! Last but not least, it goes without saying that you should be as outgoing as you can, and show curiosity about Chinese culture and your host family’s lives.
All in all, just relax and keep an open mind! You’re in for a truly wonderful experience, and we’re all eagerly anticipating your arrival!
Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。考生作为帮助今年新入学的交换生和他们的寄宿家庭联系沟通的学生导师，给Peter写信告诉他一些如何跟寄宿家庭相处的建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
记住：bear in mind → learn by heart
此外：additionally → what’s more
遇到：encounter → come across
令人愉快的：delightful → enjoyable
2.句式拓展
主动语态变被动语态
原句：You’re in for a truly wonderful experience, and we’re all eagerly anticipating your arrival!
拓展句：You’re in for a truly wonderful experience, and your arrival is eagerly being anticipated！
【点睛】【高分句型1】Here are a few tips that I think will help you. (运用了关系代词that引导的定语从句)
【高分句型2】Additionally, whatever you encounter, you should keep an open mind. (运用了whatever引导的让步状语从句)
47．I drove to the animal shelter and was led to the kennels (狗舍) by a keeper. Each cage contained five to seven dogs. Long-haired dogs, curly-haired dogs, black dogs and spotted dogs all jumped up, trying to reach me. I studied each one but rejected one after another for various reasons: too big, too small, too much hair and so on. As I approached an old dog, his eyes caught my attention. Calm and clear, they were telling me that he was waiting for my arrival. I made an immediate decision that I would bring it home for Dad.
“Dad! Look what I got for you, Dad!” I said excitedly. Dad, however, wasn’t that excited as I had expected. With days going by, he accepted the new family member gradually. He even named the dog Cherry, with whom he spent long hours walking down the country road, exploring the community. Cherry grew to be an inseparable companion throughout the next three years. Dad’s bitterness faded, his enthusiasm for life restored. Dick and I were happy to find our “former” Dad back. The special experience enlightened me that company is the most important for the elderly.
【导语】本文以时间为线索展开。作者的父亲在衰老并生病之后变得暴躁而阴郁，这使得他身边的人都远离他，也使得把他接到身边照料的作者陷入情绪问题，在心理健康专家的建议下，作者找了一条狗来陪伴父亲，这使得原本热情而充满朝气的父亲回来了。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我开车去了动物收容所，由一个饲养员领着去了狗舍。”可知，第一段可描写作者在狗舍找到了满意的狗并带回家。
②由第二段首句内容“‘爸爸！爸爸，看我给你带了什么！’我兴奋地说。”可知，第二段可描写作者把狗带回家后爸爸的状态转变。
2.续写线索：挑选狗——决定——不感兴趣——陪伴——转变——恢复
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.否决：reject/negative/refuse
②.接近：approach/come near to
③.预期：expect/anticipate
情绪类
①.痛苦：bitterness/misery
②.高兴：happy/delighted/pleased
【点睛】[高分句型1] Calm and clear, they were telling me that he was waiting for my arrival. (运用了that引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2] I made an immediate decision that I would bring it home for Dad. (运用了that引导的同位语从句)
[高分句型3] He even named the dog Cherry, with whom he spent long hours walking down the country road, exploring the community. (运用了whom引导的非限制性定语从句)