精品解析：河南省漯河市2022-2023学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）

这是一份精品解析：河南省漯河市2022-2023学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版），共22页。

漯河市2022—2023学年上学期期末质量监测
高一英语
(考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分)
注意事项：
1. 答第Ⅰ卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。答案需写在答题卡上，否则无效。
第Ⅰ卷
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5个小题;每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What time is it now?
A. 2: 30 p.m. B. 2: 00p.m. C. 3: 00p.m.
2. What is the man’s son now?
A. A pupil. B. A high school student. C. A university student.
3. How long has the girl learned to play the guitar?
A. For three months. B. For two years. C. For three years.
4. What has made working at home possible?
A. The communication industry.
B. Personal computers.
C. Living far from companies.
5. What are the speakers talking about?
A. The season. B. The terrible weather. C. The high temperature.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分)
请听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给出的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题。每小题5秒钟，听完后各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. How long did the woman live in this house?
A. For a week B. For ten days. C. For two weeks.
7. What did the man buy for the woman?
A. Some flowers. B. Some books. C. Some CDs.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What will the speakers do at the weekend?
A. Have are stat home. B. Go to the theatre. C. Perform a play.
9. Which performance is suitable for the woman?
A. The morning one at 11:30.
B. The afternoon one at 4:00.
C. The evening one at 7:00.
10. Where does the woman usually sit in the theatre?
A. In the dress circle. B. On the stage. C. In the front rows.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What do we know about the two speakers?
A. They told each other their names.
B. They have been friends for quite a long time.
C. The man helped the woman find her lost umbrella.
12. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Old friends. B. Neighbors. C. Colleagues.
13. What was the woman going to do?
A. Do some shopping. B. Look for her umbrella. C. Go to work.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. Who do we know about the woman?
A. She’s enthusiastic about art.
B. She doesn’t have much taste for art.
C. She likes all kinds of art except modem art.
15. How many pieces of art are mentioned in this conversation?
A. One. B. Two. C. Three.
16. Why is the first painting famous?
A. Because it was done by a kid
B. Because it was done hundreds of years ago.
C. Because the painter showed great talent in the work.
17. What are the speakers doing?
A. Visiting an art museum.
B. Trying to buy a painting
C. Displaying their works of art.
听下面一段独白，回答第18至20题。
18. What is the speed limit on highways in America?
A. 25 miles an hour. B. 55 miles an hour. C. 35 miles an hour.
19. What is on a traffic ticket?
A. Traffic rules.
B. Why the driver is stopped by the police.
C. How much the driver must pay.
20. What will happen if a driver receives too many traffic tickets?
A. He will be put in prison.
B. He can’t drive on highways.
C. He can’t drive for some time.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分)
A
On Nov 20, the world’s biggest international soccer tournament(大赛) kicked off in Qatar, in which 32 national teams compete with each other for about a month. Different from previous World Cups, is the first held in the northern hemisphere(北半球) during winter. Does the change influence players and fans?
European Leagues face challenges
FIFA’s decision to move this year’s World Cup may upset European Leagues. Teams in European Leagues usually play their seasons from August to the following May. During the last two months, they would be busy with domestic(国内的) competitions and group matches in the Champions and Europa League. But to prepare for the World Cup in the winter, many soccer clubs in Europe could face a six-week shutdown to provide players with enough time to recover. During this time, fans will be upset about the delay of domestic soccer matches.
Is a “black horse” likely to appear?
The answer is “yes”. Though the weather gets cooler in the winter, the conditions in Qatar are challenging for some teams. Take some players from European teams for example. They must transition(过渡) from much colder playing conditions, which will increase their sweat loss and influence their performance.
But this influence will likely not change the final result.
“This yeas World Cup falls on the world stop leagues’ mid-season. That means players are coming into this World Cup after playing 25 games. So they will be arriving fresh and excited. Their energy is going to beat the top level,” former England captain David Beckham told the AI Jazeera website. He added that the players from the elite(精英的) soccer clubs will perform better.
Watching matches with coldness
Traditionally, many Chinese soccer fans gather together in restaurants in the summer, with beer and peanut. But now the matches are in the deep night during winter, with the cold weather making it hard for friends to gather to watch matches together. To solve the problem, some Chinese soccer fans joked on the internet that hotpot restaurants maybe the best places to watch the World Cup.
1. Why is this year World Cup different from others?
A. It’s the first held in Qatar.
B. Up to 32 national teams compete in it.
C. It takes place in the winter of the northern hemisphere.
D. It lasts longer than before.
2. What challenge does European Leagues face about FIFA’s decision?
A. They have to call off domestic matches to build up the players’ strength.
B. More fans will lose interest in their matches.
C. They will provide more money to train their players.
D. Many players won’t perform well as usual.
3. What did David Beckham’s word simply?
A. The final result will be greatly changed.
B. Some players will perform beyond their level.
C. Weather won’t have any effect on players’ performance.
D. The time for this year World Cup is most suitable for players.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作为首次在北半球冬季举办的世界杯，卡塔尔世界杯将会给球员和球迷带来什么样的影响。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Different from previous World Cups, is the first held in the northern hemisphere(北半球) during winter. Does the change influence players and fans?(与以往不同的是，本届世界杯首次在北半球冬季举行。这种变化会影响球员和球迷吗？)”可知，本届世界杯是史上第一次在北半球冬季举行。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“FIFA’s decision to move this year’s World Cup may upset European Leagues. Teams in European Leagues usually play their seasons from August to the following May. During the last two months, they would be busy with domestic(国内的) competitions and group matches in the Champions and Europa League. But to prepare for the World Cup in the winter, many soccer clubs in Europe could face a six-week shutdown to provide players with enough time to recover. During this time, fans will be upset about the delay of domestic soccer matches. (国际足联决定改变今年世界杯的举办地点，这可能会让欧洲联赛感到不安。欧洲联赛的球队通常在8月到次年5月进行赛季。在过去的两个月里，他们将忙于国内比赛和冠军杯和欧罗巴联赛的小组赛。但为了准备冬季的世界杯，欧洲的许多足球俱乐部可能会面临为期六周的停赛，以便让球员有足够的时间恢复。在此期间，球迷们会因为国内足球比赛的推迟而感到沮丧。)”可推断，国际足联的决定会使得欧洲联赛的球队不得不暂停国内的比赛以确保球员有足够的时间恢复体力。故选A。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第五段““This yeas World Cup falls on the world stop leagues’ mid-season. That means players are coming into this World Cup after playing 25 games. So they will be arriving fresh and excited. Their energy is going to beat the top level,” former England captain David Beckham told the AI Jazeera website. He added that the players from the elite(精英的) soccer clubs will perform better.(“今年的世界杯落在了世界足球联赛的赛季中期。这意味着参加本届世界杯的球员都是在打了25场比赛之后。所以他们精神饱满，兴奋不已。他们的活力将超过顶级水平，”前英格兰队队长大卫·贝克汉姆在接受AI半岛电视台网站采访时表示。他补充说，来自精英足球俱乐部的球员会表现得更好。)”可知，大卫·贝克汉姆认为有些运动员的表现将会超出他们的水平。故选B。
B
It was a cold, sunny December day when I set out for a run in Moab, Utah, with my dog, Taz. I often went for training runs by myself and had done this particular route before.
About an hour into my run along a remote canyon (峡谷) trail, I hit a piece of ice and then fell 60 feet into the canyon, landing on a ledge (岩脊) above a sheer (陡峭的) drop. I wasn’t paralyzed (瘫痪), but I was in great pain. Taz had managed to find his way back to me, so there must be away out of the canyon, but I couldn’t stand. I dragged myself to the bottom of the canyon. Every inch was an effort. Eventually, it got so dark that I had to stay where I was for the night, next to a puddle (水坑) of water. At night the temperature dropped below freezing. Taz stayed with me, providing some warmth.
The next morning, I couldn’t move at all. I tried to stay positive. I was sure somebody would hear me screaming for help. The second night in the canyon seemed even longer and colder. The puddle tum ned to ice, and I had to crack through it to get water.
On the third day, I felt myself growing weaker. I was coming to accept the fact that I might die. In a last ditch effort, I called Taz over and told him to go and get help. Taz took off through the canyon and I lay there thinking about my family and friends. There was more that I wanted from life.
Taz returned, alone. Then I heard an engine in the distance. I cried with joy. It turned out that Taz had found a search and rescue team. I was airlifted to the hospital, where doctors found I had lost almost half the blood in my body. If the rescue team had arrived later, I wouldn’t have made it.
Ten years on, I still think about it every day. Taz is still a live — we’ll always have a special bond. Realizing you have a second chance at life puts things into perspective.
4. What happened when the author was running along a remote trail?
A. He found a new route. B. His dog was lost.
C. He fell into a canyon. D. The temperature dropped sharply.
5 How did the author get water when trapped in the canyon?
A. By asking his dog for help.
B. By breaking through some ice.
C. By squeezing out some liquid of plants.
D. By drinking some morning dew on the grass.
6. Why did the author send his dog to get help?
A. People passing by failed to rescue him.
B. His dog was familiar with his friends and family.
C. His dog could find it swayback to him.
D. He had no choice but to make the last attempt.
7. Which of the following maybe the best title of the passage?
A. A narrow escape B. My loyal friend
C. A canyon adventure D. Surviving the icebergs
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. D 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的一次经历，作者十年前，一次和自己的狗Taz去跑步的时候，不慎掉入峡谷。后来，Taz找到了一个搜救队救下了作者。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“About an hour into my run along a remote canyon (峡谷) trail, I hit a piece of ice and then fell 60 feet into the canyon, landing on a ledge (岩脊) above a sheer (陡峭的) drop.(我沿着一条偏僻的峡谷小道跑了大约一个小时后，我撞到了一块冰，然后从60英尺高掉入了峡谷，落在陡峭悬崖上方的一块岩脊上)”可知，作者在跑步时掉入了峡谷。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The puddle turned to ice, and I had to crack through it to get water.(水坑结成了冰，我不得不凿破水坑取水)”可知，作者是凿冰取水。故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“On the third day, I felt myself growing weaker. I was coming to accept the fact that I might die. In a last ditch effort, I called Taz over and told him to go and get help. Taz took off through the canyon and I lay there thinking about my family and friends.(第三天，我感到自己越来越虚弱。我开始接受我可能会死的事实。我做了最后的努力，把Taz叫过来，让他去找人帮忙。Taz离开了峡谷，我躺在那里想着我的家人和朋友)”可知，作者觉得自己要死了，所以就做了最后的努力。故选D。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了作者十年前的一次遇险经历，作者不小心掉入了峡谷，生命濒危时，作者的狗去找来了一个搜救队，作者这才得救。由此可知，“A narrow escape(死里逃生)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选A。
C
A trip to Venice will now leave your wallet even emptier. Earlier this year, the city announced that anyone who enters Venice and doesn’t stay overnight is set to pay a fee ranging from 3 to 10euros (about 21 to 70 yuan), depending on factors such as advance booking and whether it peak season or if the city is very crowded. This rule will come into effect in January 2023.
According to The Associated Press, as mass tourism gained popularity in Venice in the mid-1960s, the number of visitors increased year by year. In 2019 the last year before the COVID-19 pandemic, there were some 19 million day-trippers who visited the city.
As more visitors come to enjoy the charm of the distinctive Italian city, lots of Venetian residents have been forced to leave their homes. According to CNN, due to congestion (拥堵) and the increasing costs of delivering food and other goods in car less Venice, around 70 percent of Venetian residents have left the city in the past 70 years.
The government hopes the new rule could help to adjust tourism in the city and “find a balance between Venetian residents and long-term and short-term visitors”, as noted by AP. The money they collect will be used to cleanup waste and maintain the heritage of the city.
Local Marco Malafante, who manages luxury vacation rentals (租赁) in the city, expressed his approval for the move. But a Venetian gondolier, simply called Cuba, was worried and thought the government moves would “commercialize (使商业化) ” the city and disturb the lives of ordinary people. “Entering Venice will be like entering a museum. I don’t think the measure will help the problem of transforming Venice into a Disneyland, with fake (假的) glass shops and piazza sellers replacing the old artisan (工匠) shops, “Cuba told CNN.
8. What message does the first paragraph convey to us?
A. Visitors will spend more on a trip to Venice.
B. The rule has been put into practices of ar.
C. All people entering Venice are to be charged.
D. Visitors who book in advance can go on a trip to Venice for free.
9. Which has the similar, meaning to the underlined word “distinctive” in para. 3?
A. Endangered. B. Unique. C. Challenging. D. Developed.
10. Why have more Venetian residents left their city in recent several decades?
A. Travelling around without car costs them too much.
B. They have found a better city to live in.
C. More visitors’ crowding in makes their life inconvenient.
D. More people suffer from hunger for lack of food.
11. What’s the residents’ attitude towards the new rule according to the last paragraph?
A. Supportive. B. Negative. C. Confused. D. Mixed.
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了越来越多的游客来威尼斯旅游影响了当地居民的生活。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“A trip to Venice will now leave your wallet even emptier. (现在去威尼斯旅行会让你的钱包更空。)”可知，从第一段我们可以得知去威尼斯旅游的游客会花更多钱。故选A项。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段中“According to The Associated Press, as mass tourism gained popularity in Venice in the mid-1960s, the number of visitors increased year by year. (据美联社报道，20世纪60年代中期，随着大众旅游在威尼斯的普及，游客数量逐年增加。)”可知，威尼斯迎来越来越多的游客，必然有其独特之处，从而推知划线词句中“As more visitors come to enjoy the charm of the distinctive Italian city, lots of Venetian residents have been forced to leave their homes. (随着越来越多的游客来享受这座distinctive的意大利城市的魅力，许多威尼斯居民被迫离开家园。)”划线单词应为“独特的”的意思。故选B项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“As more visitors come to enjoy the charm of the distinctive Italian city, lots of Venetian residents have been forced to leave their homes. According to CNN, due to congestion (拥堵) and the increasing costs of delivering food and other goods in car less Venice, around 70 percent of Venetian residents have left the city in the past 70 years. (随着越来越多的游客来享受这座意大利城市的独特魅力，许多威尼斯居民被迫离开家园。据美国有线电视新闻网(CNN)报道，由于交通拥堵，以及驾车运送食物和其他物品的成本不断上升，在过去的70年里，大约70%的威尼斯居民离开了这座城市。)”可知，更多的游客涌入威尼斯，给当地居民的生活带来不便，所以越来越多的威尼斯人离开他们的城市。故选C项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Local Marco Malafante, who manages luxury vacation rentals(租赁) in the city, expressed his approval for the move. But a Venetian gondolier, simply called Cuba, was worried and thought the government moves would “commercialize(使商业化)” the city and disturb the lives of ordinary people. (当地的Marco Malafante在该市经营豪华度假租赁，他对此举表示赞同。但是一个威尼斯船夫Cuba很担心，认为政府的举动会使城市‘商业化’，扰乱普通人的生活。)”可知，居民对新规定的态度是复杂的。故选D项。
D
We truly are what we eat—and what our ancestors ate. Food has changed who we are and how we developed for hundreds of thousands of years. From processing (加工) to preserving to cooking, what humans did and continue to do to food played a big role in shaping our evolution (进化).
“Processed food isn’t just a modem invention. It’s as old as human itself and may have helped create our species,” wrote Nicholas Temple, author of The Best Before: The Evolution and Future of Processed Food for the BBC.
Although processing is viewed negatively nowadays, it was important to our development as a species. Processing doesn’t necessarily mean adding chemicals. It also includes pounding or slicing or changing the food in anyway before eating. Compared to our ancestors, modem humans’ teeth, jaws and faces have gotten smaller because of making food easier to chew, especially from cooking.
Cooking food was one of the biggest changes in human history. Researchers believe it could have occurred between 1.8 million to 400,000 years ago. Without cooking, an average person would have to eat around five kilos of raw (未加工的) food to survive and will have to spend most of the day eating. Also, up to 50% of women who only eat raw foods develop a condition that signals that the body can’t support a pregnancy (怀孕) —a major problem for evolution, according to Science American. Processing food leads to a huge gain in leisure time. The less time people spent chewing, the more time they had to develop complex spoken language. Cooking food also breaks down its cells. So our stomachs need to work less to absorb the nutrients and save more energy, which could then be used to power a large brain.
Processed food actually shaped us as a species and made us human—the only species on earth who can cook.
12. Why are modern humans’ teeth and jaws smaller?
A. Because they look much more beautiful.
B. Because they are suitable for cooked food.
C. Because humans become small in size.
D. Because humans have to adapt to modern life.
13. What problem does eating raw food cause?
A. It takes people much time and energy.
B. It stops the evolution of human beings.
C. It causes people’s stomach to work less.
D. Its lows the development of written language.
14. What can we learn from the passage?
A Only modern people process food.
B. Some animals can cook food as humans.
C. Processed food is of great value to humans.
D. People began to process food in recent years.
15. What is the main purpose of the passage?
A To introduce various ways to process food in human history.
B. To uncover the details about the development of human food.
C. To present the findings of a study about food in human history.
D. To explain the importance of processed food to human beings.
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了食物的加工对人类进化的作用。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Compared to our ancestors, modem humans’ teeth, jaws and faces have gotten smaller because of making food easier to chew, especially from cooking. (与我们的祖先相比，现代人的牙齿、下巴和脸都变小了，因为食物更容易咀嚼，尤其是烹饪的食物。)”可知，现代人的牙齿和下巴变小是因为这更加适合烹饪过的食物。故选B。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Without cooking, an average person would have to eat around five kilos of raw (未加工的) food to survive and will have to spend most of the day eating. (如果不做饭，一个普通人为了生存将不得不吃大约五公斤未加工的食物，并且将不得不花一天的大部分时间吃饭。)”和“So our stomachs need to work less to absorb the nutrients and save more energy, which could then be used to power a large brain.(因此，我们的胃需要减少工作来吸收营养，并且需要节省更多的能量，这些能量可以用来为一个大的大脑提供动力。)”可推知，如果吃未加工的食物，人将花费很多时间吃饭，并用很多能量来吸收营养。故选A。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Processed food actually shaped us as a species and made us human—the only species on earth who can cook. (加工食品实际上塑造了我们这个物种，使我们成为人类——地球上唯一会做饭的物种。)”可推知，加工食物对人类的进化具有巨大意义。故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文属于总分总结构。根据首段中的“From processing (加工) to preserving to cooking, what humans did and continue to do to food played a big role in shaping our evolution (进化). (从加工到保存再到烹饪，人类对食物所做的和继续做的事情在塑造我们的进化过程中发挥了重要作用。)”和最后一段“Processed food actually shaped us as a species and made us human—the only species on earth who can cook. (加工食品实际上塑造了我们这个物种，使我们成为人类——地球上唯一会做饭的物种。)”可推知，本篇文章主要是为了向读者解释加工食物对人类进化的重要性。故选D。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Whether you’re looking to lose a few pounds, spend more time at the gym or learn a language, turning bad habits into good ones is all about self-control. Some of us have more than others. And research shows that those with more self-control tend to be happier.____16____So we’re constantly having to weigh whether we’d rather wait for the reward or have that chocolate chip cookie right now.
Michael Inzlicht is a professor of psychology at the University of Toronto and a self-control researcher. He says that the ironic thing about self-control is that those who are really good at it don’t have to practice it.____17____When you love and desire something that tends to be better for you, like studying, working hard or exercising, for example, you don’t have to think about doing it. Inzlicht says that these types of individuals(个体) generally have what’s called “trait self-control” meaning it’s an aspect of their personality.
____18____ A wide body of research shows that you can improve self-control for a particular behavior you want to change or a habit you’d like to develop. For example, Inzlicht says that when we get paid to make life changes, we’re more likely to make them. Some gyms will charge you a certain amount of money for a year-long membership and then give you a few cents back every time you come.____19____
Another tip for success, says Inzlicht, is setting realistic goals. Part of failing at developing self-control is in getting frustrated(沮丧) with yourself for not changing overnight.____20____If you’re building self-control in losing weight, for instance, don’t try switching to nothing but fruits and vegetables all at once because it’s too dramatic a change—not to mention unsustainable.
A. But it doesn’t mean you can do nothing about it.
B. Frustration will prevent you from sticking to the change.
C. Actually, there is not much to do with self-control improvement.
D. Even a small amount of money can motivate people to work out.
E. They’re keeping the good habits all the time without much effort.
F. Don’t be afraid of frustration for it is necessary for your improvement.
G. But the problem is that we’re usually only rewarded for it in the future.
【答案】16. G 17. E 18. A 19. D 20. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何提高自我控制能力。
【16题详解】
下文“So we’re constantly having to weigh whether we’d rather wait for the reward or have that chocolate chip cookie right now. (所以我们必须不断权衡是等待回报还是现在就吃巧克力饼干。)”说明我们必须不断做出选择，选项G“但问题是，我们通常只会在未来才得到回报。”和下文之间存在因果关系。选项中rewarded和下文中the reward语义相关，故选G项。
【17题详解】
上文“He says that the ironic thing about self-control is that those who are really good at it don’t have to practice it. (他说，具有讽刺意味的是，那些真正擅长自我控制的人并不需要练习自我控制。)”说明擅长自我控制的人很容易做到自我控制，选项E“他们毫不费力地一直保持着好习惯。”承接上文，说明擅长自我控制的人很容易保持好习惯，They指代的就是those who are really good at it ，故选E项。
【18题详解】
上文“Inzlicht says that these types of individuals(个体) generally have what’s called “trait self-control” meaning it’s an aspect of their personality. (Inzlicht说，这类人通常具有所谓的‘自我控制特质’，这是他们性格的一个方面。)”说明这些人有自我控制的特质，选项A“但这并不意味着你对此无能为力。”承接上文，转折语义，说明即便你不具备这种性格，也不是没有办法，引出下文“A wide body of research shows that you can improve self-control for a particular behavior you want to change or a habit you’d like to develop. (大量的研究表明，你可以提高你想要改变的特定行为或你想要养成的习惯的自制力。)”说明你也可以提高自己的自我控制能力。故选A项。
【19题详解】
上文“Some gyms will charge you a certain amount of money for a year-long membership and then give you a few cents back every time you come. (有些健身房会向你收取一年的会员费，然后每次你来都会给你几分钱。)”说明有些健身房会用给几分钱的方式吸引你去锻炼，选项D“即使是少量的钱也能激励人们去锻炼。”承接上文，这样做也能激励人们去锻炼。选项中Even a small amount of money和上文中a few cents语义相关，故选D项。
【20题详解】
上文“Part of failing at developing self-control is in getting frustrated(沮丧) with yourself for not changing overnight. (发展自我控制失败的部分原因是对自己没有在一夜之间改变而感到沮丧。)”说明可能会因为急于求成导致失败而阻碍自我控制的发展，选项B“挫败感会阻止你坚持改变。”承接上文，说明挫败感会阻碍你坚持改变。语义一致，故选B项。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In the August sun, it’s very hot in my car. Tm in Vancouver, approaching the Knight Street Bridge as I try to get home after work. Traffic is slowing down and then it comes to a full stop. I’m ____21____even before getting on the bridge.
Seconds pass. Minutes pass. I stare at the endless rows of vehicles,____22____. Looking at the rows of cars and trucks glittering(闪光) in the sun, I start ____23____—299, 300, 301—and I give up. Suddenly I remember I’m one of the 300 helpless drivers. When the cars do move, I move____24____, making sure not to bump into other vehicles. Finally, I____25____it on to the bridge. The traffic is still crawling at a snail’s pace. Tired and hungry, I become very ____26____. Just then, I hear a faint(微弱的)sound in the distance. The sound gradually becomes____27____, until I can identify it as an ____28____vehicle approaching from behind. What do we do? The bridge is packed. There’s no room for us to move. But I’m wrong. Every single car____29____, yet carefully, moves to the side. Without thinking, I follow suit. The lane remains open for a few seconds during which the ambulance _____30_____ through. Afterward, every car moves back into formation(队形) . We_____31_____the emergency lane, ready to continue our patient wait. Back in my spot, I’m awestruck. I forget my_____32_____and hunger. My anxiety is gone. I start_____33_____on what 300 fellow drivers and l just did.
Despite our exhaustion, we _____34_____decided to help the stranger who needed the time more desperately than we did. We drew on our compassion(同情心) and intelligence, requiring no directives. Although I may seem alone stuck on the bridge, I’m_____35_____to all the other drivers. Together we could make the impossible possible.
21. A. dragged B. shouted C. hit D. stuck
22. A. delighted B. depressed C. frightened D. excited
23. A. counting B. crying C. commenting D. leaving
24. A. curiously B. nervously C. carefully D. quickly
25. A. get B. make C. carry D. push
26. A. angry B. awkward C. anxious D. outgoing
27. A. weaker B. heavier C. bigger D. louder
28. A. emergency B. police C. garbage D. multipurpose
29. A. quickly B. slowly C. casually D. perfectly
30. A. crashes B. flashes C. cuts D. crawl
31. A. make up B. give up C. close up D. clean up
32. A. curiosity B. anxiety C. amazement D. tiredness
33. A. debating B. advising C. impressing D. reflecting
34. A. hardly B. collectively C. gradually D. officially
35. A. connected B. used C. familiar D. equal
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. D 33. D 34. B 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一次下班途中被困在桥上，此时一辆救护车从作者后面驶来，正当作者不知所措时，所有的司机一起为救护车让出了一条紧急通道，从而确保伤者得到了及时的救助。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我还没上桥就被困住了。A. dragged拖；B. shouted吼叫；C. hit打击；D. stuck刺入、使停止。根据上文“Traffic is slowing down and then it comes to a full stop.”可知，车辆一点都不行驶了，所以作者是被困在了桥上。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我凝视着无尽的车辆，心情沮丧。A. delighted高兴的；B. depressed沮丧的；C. frightened害怕的；D. excited兴奋的。根据下文“Suddenly I remember I’m one of the 300 helpless drivers.”可知，作者此时非常的沮丧、无助。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：看着一排排在阳光下闪闪发光的汽车和卡车，我开始数——299、300、301——然后我放弃了。A. counting数数；B. crying哭泣；C. commenting评论；D. leaving离开。根据空后“—299, 300, 301—and I give up”可知，作者是在数车辆的数目。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：当汽车移动时，我小心翼翼地移动，确保不会撞到其他车辆。A. curiously好奇地；B. nervously紧张地；C. carefully仔细地、小心翼翼地；D. quickly讯速地。根据下文“making sure not to bump into other vehicles”可知，作者开得非常小心，确保不会撞到其他车辆。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，我爬上了桥。A. get获得；B. make制作；C. carry携带；D. push推。考查短语：make it，意为“成功……”。根据空后“on to the bridge”可知，作者最终上了桥。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：又累又饿，我变得非常焦虑。A. angry生气的；B. awkward难为情的；C. anxious焦虑的；D. outgoing外向的。根据下文“My anxiety is gone.”可知，作者此时由于又累又饿，而且又遭遇堵车，所以感到焦虑。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：声音越来越大，直到我认出那是一辆从后面驶来的急救车。A. weaker更虚弱的；B. heavier更重；C. bigger更大；D. louder更大声的。根据上文“Just then, I hear a faint(微弱的)sound in the distance.”可知，一开始声音很微弱；再根据下文“until I can identify it as an ____8____vehicle approaching from behind.”可知，救护车离作者越来越近，根据常识可知，车辆越近，声音越大。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：声音越来越大，直到我认出那是一辆从后面驶来的急救车。A. emergency紧急；B. police警察；C. garbage垃圾；D. multipurpose多用途。根据下文“The lane remains open for a few seconds during which the ambulance ____10____ through.”可知，后面来的是一辆救护车。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：每一辆车都迅速而小心地向一边移动。A. quickly讯速地；B. slowly缓慢地；C. casually随意地；D. perfectly完美地。根据上文“The sound gradually becomes____7____, until I can identify it as an ____8____vehicle approaching from behind.”可知，作者的后面来了一辆急救车，所以作者和其他司机是快速往一边移动，以确保被救的人能够得到及时的救助。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：车道在几秒钟内保持开放，在此期间救护车快速通过。A. crashes崩溃；B. flashes闪烁、飞驰；C. cuts切；D. crawl爬。根据上文“The lane remains open for a few seconds”可知，作者和其他司机让出了一条紧急车道，而救护车就趁此期间快速通过了。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我们关闭了紧急通道，准备继续耐心等待。A. make up组成、弥补；B. give up放弃；C. close up关闭；D. clean up清理。根据上文“Afterward, every car moves back into formation(队形) .”可知，救护车走后，所有的车又恢复到之前的队形，所以是关闭了紧急通道。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我忘记了我的疲倦和饥饿。A. curiosity好奇；B. anxiety焦虑；C. amazement惊异；D. tiredness疲倦。根据上文“Tired and hungry, I become very ____6____.”可知，此时作者又累又饿，而紧急事情发生之后，作者的疲倦和饥饿都消失了。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始反思我和300个同行的司机刚刚做了什么。A. debating辩论；B. advising建议；C. impressing使……有印象；D. reflecting反射。根据上文“Back in my spot, I’m awestruck. I forget my____12____and hunger. My anxiety is gone.”可知，作者是在事情发生之后，反思刚刚所做的事情。考查短语：reflect on，意为“反思、反省”。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：尽管我们都很疲惫，但我们还是共同决定帮助那个比我们更需要时间的陌生人。A. hardly几乎不；B. collectively共同地；C. gradually逐渐地；D. officially官方地。根据上文“Every single car____9____, yet carefully, moves to the side. Without thinking, I follow suit. The lane remains open for a few seconds during which the ambulance ____10____ through.”可知，这个救命的通道是作者和其他司机共同让出来的。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然我似乎是一个人被困在桥上，但我与所有其他司机都有联系。A. connected有联系的；B. used使用过的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. equal平等的。根据下文“Together we could make the impossible possible.”，可知，作者和其他司机一起创造了奇迹，也就是看似是作者一个人在桥上，但其实作者和其他司机是联系在一起的。故选A。
第二节(共10小题：每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Lying near mountains and Taihu Lake, Li yang____36____(consider) an important place in the Yangtze River Delta region with an____37____(impress) environment. But places with excellent natural scenery are often hard to reach due to geographical barriers (障碍). Therefore, Li yang No. 1 Road was built as a way for citizens and tourists to get close ____38____nature.
The 365-kilometer road ____39____(connect) 98 villages, over 220 rural tourist attractions, and seven neighbouring counties and cities.____40____(view) platforms, campgrounds, cafes and other facilities (设施) were built along the road to make it____41____better experience for tourists. In the first half of 2021, despite the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic, Li yang still received 4.8 million tourists and tourism revenue (收入) hit 5.7 billion yuan.
Li yang No. 1 Roadis also called “Rainbow Highway” because of the red, yellow and blue lines____42____(paint) in some sections,____43____is the first road in China with three colored dividing lines.
Not only has Li yang No. 1 Road helped with the ____44____(grow) of tourism for local business owners and farmers, but _____45_____(it) iconic (标志性的) rainbow lines have made it an attraction in its own right.
【答案】36. is considered
37. impressive
38. to 39. connects
40. Viewing
41. a 42. painted
43. which 44. growth
45. its
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了江苏溧阳的一号公路，介绍了其作用，特色以及意义等。
【36题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：溧阳位于群山和太湖附近，被认为是长江三角洲地区的一个重要地方，环境令人印象深刻。这里为本句谓语动词，根据上下文可知，本句时态为一般现在时；主语为Li yang，单数，和动词consider之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填is considered。
【37题详解】
考查形容词。句意：溧阳位于群山和太湖附近，被认为是长江三角洲地区的一个重要地方，环境令人印象深刻。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词，修饰空后的“environment”。故填impressive。
【38题详解】
考查介词。句意：因此，溧阳1号公路的修建是为了让市民和游客接近大自然。固定搭配：get close to，意为“接近……”，to是介词。故填to。
【39题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这条长达365公里的公路连接了98个村庄，220多个乡村旅游景点，以及邻近的7个县市。考查本句谓语动词，分析上下文可知，本句时态为一般现在时；主语为“the 365-kilometer road”，单数，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填connects。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：沿途修建了观景台、露营地、咖啡馆和其他设施，为游客提供更好的体验。这里为非谓语动词修饰名词，表示“platforms”的用途，用动名词；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填Viewing。
【41题详解】
考查冠词。句意：沿途修建了观景台、露营地、咖啡馆和其他设施，为游客提供更好的体验。修饰单数名词，表示泛指，用不定冠词，better是以辅音音素开头的词。故填a。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：溧阳1号公路也被称为“彩虹公路”，因为在一些路段画了红、黄、蓝三色的线，这是中国第一条有三种颜色分界线的道路。这里为非谓语动词担当后置定语，修饰“the red, yellow and blue lines”，和被修饰词之间为被动关系，用过去分词。故填painted。
【43题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：溧阳1号公路也被称为“彩虹公路”，因为在一些路段画了红、黄、蓝三色的线，这是中国第一条有三种颜色分界线的道路。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“Rainbow Highway”，在非限制性定语从句中担当主语，用关系代词which。故填which。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：溧阳1号公路不仅促进了当地企业主和农民的旅游业发展，而且其标志性的彩虹线本身也使其成为一个景点。分析句子成分可知，空处为名词，构成短语：with the growth of，意为“随着……的发展”。故填growth。
【45题详解】
考查代词。句意：溧阳1号公路不仅促进了当地企业主和农民的旅游业发展，而且其标志性的彩虹线本身也使其成为一个景点。根据空后的“iconic rainbow”可知，空处为形容词性物主代词。故填its。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Jane得知你上周乘火车到西安旅游，发来邮件问你的旅游情况。请用英语给她回一封邮件，介绍你一路上的所见所闻及你的感受。
注意：
1. 词数80词左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入词数。
参考词汇：the Terracotta Warriors兵马俑；Big Wild Goose Pagoda大雁塔；
Flatbread in mutton soup羊肉泡馍
Dear Jane,
I’m glad to receive your letter. _________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I sincerely hope you can travel to China if you are free. Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】One possible version:
Dear Jane,
I’m glad to receive your letter. Learning that you are interested in my trip to Xi’an, I’m delighted to share my experiences with you.
I went on a trip with my parents to Xi’an by train last week. On arriving there we couldn’t wait to visit the Terracotta Warriors, which is one of the most famous wonders in the world. Then we visited the Big Wild Goose Pagoda, Huaqing Pool and so on. What impressed me most was Xi’an’s famous food—Flatbread in mutton soup. It is so delicious that I want to enjoy it again. The journey not only entertained me, but also broadened my horizons.
I sincerely hope you can travel to China if you are free. Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作，要求考生给英国笔友Jane介绍你去西安旅游时的所见所闻及感受。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
高兴的：delighted→ happy
去旅行：go on a trip→ take a trip
给……留下深刻印象：impress sb.→ leave a deep impression on sb.
开阔眼界：broaden one’s horizons→ open one’s eyes/broaden one’s mind
2. 句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：On arriving there, we couldn’t wait to visit the Terracotta Warriors, which is one of the most famous wonders in the world.
拓展句：On arrival, we couldn’t wait to visit the Terracotta Warriors, one of the world’s most famous wonders.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Learning that you are interested in my trip to Xi’an, I’m delighted to share my experiences with you.(使用了现在分词作状语、that引导宾语从句)
【高分句型2】It is so delicious that I want to enjoy it again. (使用了so…that…引导结果状语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
On the first day of the summer holiday, David and Roy were talking in front of his yard, waiting for their friends. “Do you all agree, then?” asked David. “We will go for a long cycle ride during the holidays. I expect the other three will agree. We can ask them when they come.”
“But what about Sammy?” said Roy. “He hasn’t got a bicycle. His father can’t afford to buy him one.”
“Oh, we hadn’t thought of that,” said David thoughtfully. “I wonder if we can borrow one for him.” At that moment Robert, Henry and Sammy arrived.
“You three are late,” said Roy. “What happened to you?”
“We had to come round the long way,” said Robert “The old bridge over the stream has fallen apart.”
“And that means we had to walk an extra quarter of a mile and use the other bridge,” added Henry. “The stream must be nearly five feet deep after all this rain.”
“Don’t worry,” said David. “The Village Council(委员会) will soon build another one.”
“Oh no,” replied Henry quickly. “My father has already asked about that. There isn’t enough money this year.” The boys were silent for a moment.
“I wonder who built that old bridge,” Robert said. “It was only a few tree trunks(树干) held together with some nails.” Then an ideas truck him. “Do you think we could rebuild it?”
“How wide is the gap?” asked David.
“About ten yards, I think,” replied Robert.
“You know…” David paused. “I think we could do it，if we planned it properly and could borrow the tools.”
“And if we could get the timber(原木),” added Roy. “And if I could persuade my father to help. He is a carpenter(木匠), after all.”
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The boys started to consider the idea seriously.
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The next Wednesday, everything was ready and many villagers also came to help.
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【答案】One possible version:
The boys started to consider the idea seriously. They divided the task among them carefully and got down to work immediately. Sammy asked his elder brother, who was an engineer, to make a plan for them while Roy returned home to turn to his father for help. The other boys visited nearly every house in the village to search for wood and tools. By Sunday evening, all the problems had been solved and even some villagers promised they would join them in building a new bridge since it was a short cut for them.
The next Wednesday, everything was ready and many villagers also came to help. The boys cleared away the remains of the old bridge and assisted the villagers to put the wood which had been processed by Roy’s father in place. Finally, Roy’s father fixed the wood together with nails and steel. To everyone’s amazement, the bridge was finished within only one day. They even held an opening ceremony for their bridge. The villagers clapped, and the boys felt even more pleased with their work, which made their holiday much more meaningful. Together they really made a big difference.
【解析】
【导语】本文以事情发展的顺序为线索。David和Roy商量着要和另外三个男孩儿一起骑行，不料那三个男孩儿带来了小溪上的旧桥坏掉的消息。于是他们计划帮助把桥修好。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“这些男孩儿们开始认真考虑这个想法。”可知，本段可以讲述每个人为具体做的准备工作。
②由第二段首句内容“第二个星期三，一切都准备好了，许多村民也来帮忙。”可知，本段可以讲述经过大家的齐心协力，桥很快就建好了。
2. 续写线索：仔细考虑该想法——分配任务——为建桥做的准备工作——所有材料都准备好——所有村民齐心协力——建好桥——庆祝
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①在……中分配任务：divide the task among…/distribute the task among…
②开始工作：get down to work/start to work
③帮助：assist/help
情绪类
①令人惊讶的是：to one’s amazement/to one’s surprise/what makes sb. surprised is…
②对……感到满意：feel pleased with/feel satisfied with/be content with
【点睛】【高分句型1】Sammy asked his elder brother, who was an engineer, to make a plan for them while Roy returned home to turn to his father for help.(使用了who引导非限制性定语从句、不定式作宾补和while连接并列句)
【高分句型2】The villagers clapped, and the boys felt even more pleased with their work, which made their holiday much more meaningful.(使用了and连接并列句、which引导非限制性定语从句和“make+宾语+宾补”结构)
听力答案：1—5 BBAAB 6—10 ABBBC 11—15 CBAAB 16—20 CABCC