湖南省衡阳县四中2022-2023学年高一英语下学期期末模拟测评卷（二）

这是一份湖南省衡阳县四中2022-2023学年高一英语下学期期末模拟测评卷（二），共25页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。
衡阳县四中2022-2023学年高一英语下学期期末模拟测评卷（二）
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What did Ryan do yesterday?
A. He watched football.
B. He did some exercise.
C. He went to the doctor.
2. What are the speakers doing?
A. Cooking dinner.
B. Preparing for a party.
C. Eating out in a restaurant.
3. What does the woman ask the man to do for her?
A. Take a photo. B. Fix a camera. C. Print a picture.
4. What will the speakers do next?
A. Go back to their home.
B. Visit the woman's friend.
C. Return to the supermarket.
5. What is the weather like now?
A. It's raining. B. It's cloudy. C. It's sunny.
第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What happened to the woman's flight?
A. It failed to take off on time.
B. It was called off without notice.
C. It arrived about two hours earlier.
7. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In a restaurant. B. On a plane. C. At the airport.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Where does the man enjoy getting his news from?
A. The TV. B. The radio. C. The Internet.
9. What type of news does the man like?
A. Art news. B. Sports news. C. Business news.
10. What is the man's attitude towards the news programs on TV?
A. Favorable. B. Casual. C. Unfavorable.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Why does the woman make the phone call?
A. To complain about hotel service.
B. To arrange an important meeting.
C. To order a full English breakfast.
12. How does the man sound?
A. Sorry. B. Worried. C. Painful.
13. What will the man probably do next?
A. Eat his breakfast. B. Go to the kitchen. C. Wait by the phone.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. Why did Maria go to the Oxford Street?
A. To meet Jason. B. To watch a play. C. To do some shopping.
15. What does Susan Hill do?
A. She's an actress.
B. She's a street artist.
C. She's a salesperson.
16. What did Susan Hill give Maria?
A. A ring. B. A ticket. C. A £50 note.
17. What will Jason probably do?
A. Go with Maria. B. See his friends. C. Host a dinner.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. When will the team return from Costa Rica?
A. April 6. B. July 10. C. July 20.
19. Where will the team go to do the second project?
A. The national parks.
B. The city of San José.
C. The east of Costa Rica.
20. What will the team do in the final project?
A. Plant trees. B. Feed birds. C. Train animals.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
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Each fully interactive course includes:
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21. Which of the following is the main advantage of the Dynamic Immersion method?
A. It encourages the active memorization of words.
B. It provides the user with many exercises in grammar.
C. It teaches by translating the foreign language into the user's native language.
D. It allows the user to master a language in a shorter time than the average.
22. Which of the following skills in the program has more to do with the learner's life experiences?
A. Listening B. Reading C. Speaking D. Writing
23. In order to know his or her progress, what does a user of this software do?
A. He/she turns to the automated tutorials.
B. He/she completes all the 20 activities in each lesson.
C. He/she calls 1800-6310-1389 to seek advice from a teacher.
D. He/she compares his or her voice with the native language.
B
When I was 10, I was always joked by my fellow Co-Curricular Activities (CCA) mates, including John. Words were like, "Dick is the best player in the CCA! He only knows how to play 'Mary had a Little Lamb' on the trumpet(小号)!"
Once, the moment I left the school, I took out my earpiece, listening to recordings like a broken recorder. I got so engrossed(专注) that I didn't see the wall in front and fell on the ground. Luckily for me, a passer-by saw what had happened and immediately called the ambulance. When I woke up in the hospital, however, the nurse told me that I suffered severe leg injuries. I could have stopped practicing but that was not what I wanted. I wanted to practice even in the hospital. "One leg injury would not stop me; it would only make me feel more motivated," I replied to the nurse.
That was a hard period of my life. If I had not been careless, I would not have this problem. Yet if I haven't gotten myself into this problem, I would not be as motivated and would not have that experience teaching me a life lesson. My parents and my best friend had come to give me emotional support, telling me what had happened during CCA today and advising me on how to become a better player. After day-and-night hard practice, I finally perfected and went back to my CCA.
On the selection day itself, the conductor praised me and asked how I had improved so much. I explained that it was because of my determination, my family and my friends. The conductor then said that I was a role model and that the whole band should follow my motivation and practice instead of being like John. This experience made me what I am today. Currently, I am the best player and the head of the secondary school military band.
24. What did the author want to do after hearing the nurse's words?
A. Go back to his team.
B. Continue his practice in the hospital.
C. Stop practicing and get some rest.
D. Meet his family and friends.
25. Why was the author praised by the conductor?
A. He got the first prize on the selection day.
B. He didn't give up even with severe injuries.
C. He performed better than John.
D. He was selected the head of the band.
26. What word can best describe the author?
A. Creative. B. Intelligent. C. Determined. D. Friendly.
27. Which can be a suitable title for the text?
A. A terrible accident . B. An unexpected result.
C. A desire to be better. D. An experience to shape myself.
C
The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is an important part of the brain. It is the center of your higher-order cognitive(认知的) processes — things like reasoning, self-control, and attention. Children perform worse than adults on nearly all cognitive tasks because their PFC is undeveloped. Why, then, do most adults struggle to learn new languages while children pick them up with ease?
To understand the apparent paradox, it's important to know a bit about how language acquisition works. Learning depends partly on two separate memory systems: declarative and procedural. Declarative memory describes memorizing specific information like facts and events that can be stated. This is where adults excel. Thanks to developed PFCs, they're able to concentrate and acquire facts relatively quickly. Procedural memory, sometimes referred to as muscle memory or body memory, describes acquiring skills and non-conscious knowledge, reactions, and habits — things like playing the piano or fearing insects. Brain areas involved in procedural learning develop early, so children match adults in this area.
It might seem that language learning is based in the declarative memory system, but growing evidence suggests that language learning depends largely on procedural memory. It should be made clear that much of language is built on patterns rather than accurate facts and rules. For example, English words never begin with the "ng" sound and particular words often group together. When acquiring language naturally, children pick up on these tendencies without even noticing. But when adults actively try to learn a new language, they tend to rely on their prefrontal cortex. Their declarative memory system kicks in as they focus on memorizing vocabulary and applying grammar, which usually results in poor learning.
This is not to say that learning vocabulary and rules is completely useless; focusing on specifics can be helpful, and it is where adults outperform children. However, evidence shows that learning can improve when the PFC "turns off" and allows procedural memory system to take lead. So instead of actively trying to focus and memorize, you'll likely benefit more from allowing yourself to experience the language. You can watch TV shows, attend discussion groups, or listen to music in the language.
28. What does the underlined word "paradox" in paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. Contradictory situation. B. Classical theory.
C. Scientific viewpoint. D. Cognitive process.
29. Which of the following mainly involves procedural memory?
A. Learning grammar rules. B. Classifying insects.
C. Playing a musical instrument. D. Remembering a friend's birthday.
30. What is true about language learning according to the text?
A. Kids rely less on procedural memory.
B. Declarative memory may get in the way.
C. It's useless to memorize vocabulary and rules.
D. Adults pay much attention to language patterns.
31. What is the author's purpose of writing the text?
A. To share tips for becoming successful learners.
B. To explain differences between adults and kids
C. To introduce major concepts of memory system.
D. To explore scientific ways for language learning.
D
A team of scientists has come up with a plan to help rebuild the Arctic(北极) ice cap.
Usually, the sea ice gets thicker and spreads further each winter, but this hasn't happened for the past few years.
Last month, the ice cap had reached its smallest size since scientists began keeping a record of it 38 years ago. The weather in the Arctic has been unusually warm this winter. Some days, temperatures have been 20 degrees Celsius higher than before at this time of year. With less ice, the Arctic would warm up even more quickly, and more ice would melt(融化). Without sea ice, many animals would lose their natural homes.
Dr Steven Desch and a group of scientists from Arizona State University in the United States think they can help to build up Arctic sea ice again. They want to fix wind-powered pumps(抽水机) on the sea ice. During the winter, the pumps would spread water from the ocean over the surface of the ice where it would freeze and form a new layer of ice. The scientists say that in 10 years, this could add a metre of ice to the ice cap.(The Arctic ice cap is about two to three metres thick right now.)
The plan would require about 10 million pumps and it would be very expensive—about $655 billion. Some other scientists are wondering if the pumps would actually work in cold Arctic conditions. They are also worried about how the project might affect the environment.
Dr Desch and his team hoped their plan would get more people interested in looking for a solution to the problem of melting sea ice. He said the only plan people have right now is to try to cut greenhouse gas emissions(温室气体排放) from cars and other man-made sources. He and his team don't think that will be enough to save the sea ice, but hope it will get everyone moving in the right direction.
32. What does Paragraph 3 mainly tell us?
A. The changes of Arctic weather.
B. The history of the Arctic ice cap.
C. The influence of the weather on the Arctic.
D. The importance of sea ice to Arctic animals.
33. How will the scientists' plan help the Arctic?
A. By thickening the Arctic ice.
B. By cutting pollution in the Arctic.
C. By pumping sea water to the land.
D. By making the Arctic attractive to wildlife.
34. What is the attitude of scientists mentioned in Paragraph 5 to the plan?
A. Hopeful. B. Doubtful. C. Uncaring. D. Surprised.
35. What do Dr Desch and his team think of their plan?
A. It will surely work.
B. It needs discussing.
C. It is better than the present method.
D. It will encourage others to take steps.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Your own backyard may be a fun place to play. You may have trees to climb, and insects to study. 36. ________. But did you know these things are related to each other through the food chain? Every part of nature belongs to a community where each member uses the lower members to stay alive.
Every part of the world has food chains, including the oceans and the deserts(沙漠). 37. _______, the whole chain could fall apart. The food chain is most disturbed(扰乱) by people because we build neighborhoods on the land where animals live and we pollute the environment. Both these actions make it difficult for other living things to survive. Still there is a lot we can do to protect the parts of food chains. Here are some ideas that can help:
38. _______. Make your backyard a place that other living things can enjoy. Plant more flowers and trees. And, most of all, try not to disturb the places where other animals live.
Do not pollute the environment. Recycle(回收) any material you can. 39. _______. Having fewer cars on the road means having better air for all of us to breathe.
Keep learning about and respecting(尊重) plants, animals, and the environment. 40. _______. You may even pass it on to your own children someday. It's important that as many people as possible protect nature and keep the food chain whole.
A. Share your space
B. If you ever want to see it
C. But if one part is taken away
D. We depend on each other for food and survival
E. Ride your bike or walk to places that you need to go
F. You can then pass this information on to your parents and friends
G. Maybe you hear birds singing or see your pet cat sleeping in the sun
第三部分 语言知识运用 （共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Some people seem to have a secret for learning languages. They can ___41___ new vocabulary, master rules or grammar, and learn to write in the new language more ___42___ than others. They do not seem to be any more intelligent than others, so what makes language learning so much easier for them? Perhaps if we take a ___43___ look at these successful language learners, we may discover a few of the ___44___ which make language learning easier for them.
First of all, successful language learners are ___45__ learners. They do not depend on the book or the teacher; they discover their own __46___ to learn the language. ___47___ waiting for the teacher to explain, they try to find the patterns and the rules for themselves.
Successful language learning is active learning. Therefore, successful learners do not wait for a chance to use the language; they ___48___ such a chance. They find people who speak the language and they ask these people to correct them when they make a(n) __49___. They will try anything to communicate. They are not afraid to repeat what they hear or to say strange things; they are willing to make mistakes and try again. When communication is difficult, they can get information that is inexact or ___50____. It is more important for them to learn to ___51___ in the language than to know the meaning of every word.
Finally, successful language learners are learners with a ___52____. They want to learn the language because they are interested in the language and the people who speak it. It is necessary for them to learn the language in order to communicate with these people and to learn from them. They find it easy to practice using the language regularly because they want to learn with it.
What kind of language learner are you? If you are a successful language learner, you have __53____ been learning independently, actively, and purposefully. On the other hand, if your language learning has been less than ___54___, you might as well try some of the techniques mentioned ___55____.
41. A. take up B. pick up C. show up D. turn up
42. A. quickly B. slowly C. fairly D. carefully
43. A. good B. close C. obvious D. high
44. A. chances B. opportunities C. choices D. techniques
45. A. reliable B. interesting C. successful D. independent
46. A. way B. ability C. reason D. interest
47. A. Because of B. Except for C. Instead of D. In spite of
48. A. look up B. look into C. look out D. look for
49. A. decision B. error C. plan D. promise
50. A. incomplete B. important C. impossible D. irregular
51. A. tell B. say C. think D. speak
52. A. pressure B. right C. choice D. purpose
53. A. probably B. hardly C. nearly D. luckily
54. A. necessary B. important C. successful D. interesting
55. A. above B. below C. beside D. behind
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It is easy to get carried away in 56______ argument. While 57______(have) a reasonable conversation with someone who has a different opinion might seems like a challenge, it is possible. One way is to approach the other person 58______understanding. The Empathy (共鸣) Challenge is an exercise 59______ (create) by Zoe Chance, senior lecturer at the Yale School of Management. At Yale, Chanice teaches a course called "Mastering Influence and Persuasion" where students learn to communicate 60______(effective).
In her blog, Chance explains 61______ is important to listen to people who disagree with you. "As they explain their position, you listen for their hidden values. Finally, you look for common ground as you reflect those values back. That's it. "
Chance first took this challenge herself before asking her students to try. As she couldn't understand why many people preferred 62______(vote) for Donald Trump, she found three Trump's voters and spoke with them.
Through asking questions, Chance was able to understand them and realize they had similar feelings. One man, an Orthodox Jew, 63______ (explain) that he supported Trump because Trump's daughter and son-in-law are Jewish. The next man was a Russian immigrant eager for freedom. The third was a lawyer 64______ believed that honesty was important to political leaders.
Although Chance and those people had different political 65________(belief), they were able to relate to the life values of others. And that's the point of the exercise-to understand others as fellow human beings.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假定你是校学生会主席李华，你校将于下周五举办英语讲故事比赛，故事主题是中国传统文化。请你用英语给外教Ms. Hopkins写一封信，要点如下：
1. 介绍比赛概况；
2. 邀请Ms. Hopkins担任评委。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Andy rode slowly on his way to school, daydreaming about the fishing trip that his father had promised him. He was so busy dreaming about all the fish he would catch that he was unaware of everything else around him.
He rode along until a strange sound drew him to the present. He came to a stop and looked curiously up to the sky. What he saw shocked and terrified him. A huge swarm(一大群) of bees filled the sky like a black cloud and they seemed to be heading angrily towards him.
With no time to waste, Andy sped off in the opposite direction, riding with great speed but without knowing how to escape the swarm. With a rapidly beating heart, he sped down the rough road. As the bees came closer, his panic increased. Andy knew that he was sensitive to bee stings(蜇). The last sting had landed him in hospital and that was only one bee sting! He had been forced to lie in bed for two whole days. Suddenly, his father's words came to him. "When you are in a tight situation, don't panic. Use your brain and think your way out of it."
On a nearby hill, he could see smoke waving slowly skywards from the chimney of the Nelson's home. "Bees don't like smoke," he thought. "They couldn't get into the house." Andy raced towards the Nelson's house, but the bees were gaining ground. Andy knew he could not reach the house in time. He estimated that the bees would catch up with him soon. But he tried his best to keep calm so that he could come up with an idea to escape from the dangerous situation. Suddenly, out of the corner of his eyes, he spotted a small dam which was often used by Mr. Nelson to irrigate his vegetable garden.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
Without hesitation, Andy jumped off his bike and dived into the cool water.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
In no time, his mother appeared in front of him.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________



答案以及解析
第一部分 听力
第一节
1.答案：C
解析：M: Ryan didn't go to work yesterday. He was running a fever and had to go to the hospital.
W: Oh, really? I thought he was watching football with his friends.
2.答案：B
解析：W: I've sent out the invitations for the dinner party.
M: That's good. Now what should we do?
W: We've got to plan the menu.
M: OK. Do you have anything in mind?
3.答案：A
解析：W: Excuse me. Could you please take a picture of me with this camera?
M: No problem. Do I have to focus it?
W: No, all you have to do is point and press the button.
M: All right. Say "Cheese".
4.答案：C
解析：M: Oh no! I can't find my mobile phone.
W: Didn't you use it at the supermarket to call your friend?
M: Yes, I did. I must have left it at the cashier's desk.
W: Don't worry. Let's drive back to find it.
5.答案：B
解析：W: What about going for a bike ride?
M: Is it still raining?
W: No, but it's still dull. Let's hang on for half an hour or so. It may clear up then.
第二节
6.答案：A
7.答案：C
解析：M: I thought your flight would arrive two hours ago. What took so long?
W: Didn't they announce that our flight was delayed?
M: I didn't hear anything about a delay. I thought everything was running on time. What happened?
W: We got on the plane on time but then we were held up for almost two hours due to an unknown problem.
M: That's too bad. Have you had anything to eat?
W: I managed to get a sandwich on the plane. How about you?
M: I've had nothing but a cup of coffee. I'm starving. Let's get out of here and find a restaurant.
8.答案：C
9.答案：B
10.答案：C
解析：M: Lisa, how do you get your news every day?
W: Well, I get most of my news from TV. I also read newspapers. Radio is my last choice and I seldom go online. How about you?
M: I hardly listen to the radio either, but I do love reading news on the Internet.
W: You should be careful with the information online. Much of it cannot be trusted at all. By the way, what type of news are you interested in?
M: I mainly focus on sports news. What about you?
W: I enjoy watching quite a number of news programs on TV. Many of them center on business, art and international politics.
M: Well, I have a feeling that the news reporters on TV usually say similar things based on the same information. And some of the news is very sad.
W: I know what you mean. But you have to keep up with what's happening around the world, even though it makes you feel bad sometimes.
11.答案：A
12.答案：A
13.答案：B
解析：M: Good morning, this is Kevin Johnson. What can I do for you?
W: Hello, manager. Can't you do something about the service in this hotel?
M: I'm sorry, madam. What's the problem exactly?
W: My breakfast, that's the problem. I ordered a full English breakfast from room service at least half an hour ago. I've telephoned them three times but my breakfast still hasn't come.
M: I see.
W: I've got an important meeting at nine o'clock. And now it seems I'll have to go there without breakfast. Really I don't think this is good enough.
M: I'm very sorry, madam. You ordered breakfast half an hour ago and you phoned three times since then.
W: That's right.
M: I'm really sorry about this. You should have received the breakfast no later than ten or twenty minutes after you ordered it.
W: That's what I thought.
M: The problem may be that they are short of people in the kitchen recently, but I will look into this myself. Full English breakfast, was it?
W: Yes, full English breakfast.
M: Very well, madam. I will bring it up to your room right away.
14.答案：C
15.答案：A
16.答案：B
17.答案：A
解析：W: Hi, Jason.
M: Hi, Maria. You look excited. What's up?
W: I had an amazing day.
M: Really? What happened?
W: I was shopping down the Oxford Street when I saw a woman. She looked really familiar. I mean I was sure I knew her. She was bending down and looking around her for something.
M: What was she looking for?
W: She was looking for her ring. Anyway, I found it for her. And when she got up, I realized it was Susan Hill, the famous actress.
M: You mean the Susan Hill in the Good Old Days? You can't be serious.
W: Believe it or not. Anyway, she was really grateful and she gave me a ticket to her new play. It's worth 50 pounds.
M: Wow, that's great.
W: I know, and she invited me to have dinner with her after the play with other actors.
M: You're really lucky.
W: So are you. She said I can bring a friend.
M: Gosh! Thank you, Maria.
18.答案：C
19.答案：B
20.答案：A
解析：W: Good evening, everyone. This is the final team meeting before we travel to Costa Rica. I'd like to tell you about the three different projects that we're running there. Before I go on though, let me tell you that we will be leaving on the 6th of April and we will be coming back on the 20th instead of the 10th of July. I hope that won't be a problem for anyone. Now, the first project includes cleaning up the beaches in the east of the country. This is home to some rare sea birds and we're going there to do our best to protect them. The second project is in the capital, San José. There we will be working in the national zoo, planting trees to improve the animal's natural homes. The final project is in one of the national parks. This is in an area of rainforest which was destroyed, and now the Costa Rican government wants to bring new life to it. We will be planting trees and recording the growth habits of the plants that we find there. Okay, has anyone got any questions on any of that?
第二部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
21.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段"Guaranteed! The Fastest Way to Learn a Language"(保证！学习一门语言最快的方法)和第二段"Using the award-winning Dynamic Immersion (互动沉浸式) method, our interactive (人机对话的) software teaches without translation, memorization or grammar exercises."(使用屡获殊荣的动态沉浸式教学方法，我们的互动软件无需翻译、记忆或语法练习。)可知，动态沉浸式教学法的主要优点是它允许使用者在比一般人更短的时间内掌握一门语言。故选D。
22.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据"Reading: Text exercises develop your reading skills by linking written language to real-life objects, actions and ideas."(阅读：文本练习通过将书面语言与现实生活中的物体、动作和想法联系起来，提高你的阅读技能。)可知，课程中的阅读技巧更多地与学习者的生活经历有关。故选B。
23.答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据"Automated tutorials(辅导) that assess where you need extra help."(自动化教程评估您需要额外帮助的地方。)可知，为了了解进度，该软件的用户需要转向自动化教程。故选A。
B
24.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段"When I woke up in the hospital, however, the nurse told me that I suffered severe leg injuries. I could have stopped practicing but that was not what I wanted. I wanted to practice even in the hospital. (然而，当我在医院醒来时，护士告诉我，我腿部受了重伤。我本可以停止练习，但那不是我想要的。我甚至想在医院里练习。)"可知，即使护士告诉作者腿部受伤，但是作者仍不放弃，继续在医院练习。故选B。
25.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段"On the selection day itself, the conductor praised me and asked how I had improved so much. I explained that it was because of my determination, my family and my friends. (选拔那天，指挥官表扬了我，问我怎么进步这么大。我解释说，这是因为我的决心，我的家人和朋友。)"以及本段中"The conductor then said that I was a role model and that the whole band should follow my motivation and practice instead of being like John. (然后指挥说我是一个榜样，整个乐队应该跟随我的动机和练习，而不是像约翰那样。)"可知，作者因为即使受伤还没有放弃练习的决心而受到指挥的表扬。故选B。
26.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段" 'One leg injury would not stop me; it would only make me feel more motivated,' I replied to the nurse. ("一条腿的伤不会阻止我；这只会让我更有动力，"我回答护士。)"可知，即使作者受伤了，作者却意志坚定继续练习。故推断作者是"意志坚定的"。故选C。
27.答案：D
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了作者10岁那年，走在路上专注于听音乐结果腿部受伤了，但是作者依旧为接下来的CCA演奏活动做充足的准备，作者坚持练习小号，最后获得了乐队指挥的赞扬。根据最后一段中"This experience made me what I am today. Currently, I am the best player and the head of the secondary school military band. (这段经历成就了今天的我。目前，我是中学军乐队最好的乐手和队长。)"可知，也正是这段经历成就和塑造了作者。故D选项"An experience to shape myself (一次塑造自己的经历)"是文章最佳文章标题。故选D。
C
28.答案：A
解析：词句猜测题。根据第一段"The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is an important part of the brain. It is the center of your higher-order cognitive(认知的) processes—things like reasoning, self-control, and attention. Children perform worse than adults on nearly all cognitive tasks because their PFC is undeveloped. Why, then, do most adults struggle to learn new languages while children pick them up with ease?(前额叶脑皮层是大脑的重要部分。它是高阶认知过程的核心—比如推理、自控和注意力。儿童在几乎所有认知任务上的表现都比成年人差，因为他们的PFC尚未发育。那么，为什么大多数成年人在学习新语言时很吃力，而儿童却能轻松地学会呢？)"可知，儿童的PFC尚未发育，所以他们的认知表现比成年人差，但是在语言学习上却又比成年人效果好，这是一种矛盾的现象，由此可推知划线词paradox与Contradictory situation同义，表示"矛盾的情况"。故选A。
29.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段"Procedural memory, sometimes referred to as muscle memory or body memory, describes acquiring skills and non-conscious knowledge, reactions, and habits—things like playing the piano or fearing insects.(程序记忆，有时被称为肌肉记忆或身体记忆，记录习得性技能和无意识知识、反应和习惯，例如弹钢琴或害怕昆虫)"可知，弹奏钢琴等乐器涉及到程序记忆。故选C。
30.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段"Their declarative memory system kicks in as they focus on memorizing vocabulary and applying grammar, which usually results in poor learning.(当他们专注于记忆词汇和应用语法时，他们的陈述性记忆系统开始发挥作用，这通常会导致不良的学习成果)"可知，陈述性记忆可能会成为语言学习的一种阻碍。故选B。
31.答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段"So instead of actively trying to focus and memorize, you'll likely benefit more from allowing yourself to experience the language. You can watch TV shows, attend discussion groups, or listen to music in the language.(因此，与其积极努力集中注意力和记忆，不如让自己去体验这门语言，你可能会受益更多。你可以看电视节目，参加讨论小组，或者听该门语言的音乐)"可知，作者通过前文对成人和儿童语言学习差别的分析，给出了语言学习的方法建议。故选D。
D
32.答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。根据第三段"The weather in the Arctic has been unusually warm this winter. Some days, temperatures have been 20 degrees Celsius higher than before at this time of year. (今年冬天北极的天气异乎寻常地温暖。有些日子，气温比往年同期升高了20摄氏度)"可知，这段主要描述的是天气对北极地区的影响。故选C。
33.答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段"During the winter, the pumps would spread water from the ocean over the surface of the ice where it would freeze and form a new layer of ice. The scientists say that in 10 years, this could add a metre of ice to the ice cap.(在冬天，水泵会把海水从海洋中输送到冰的表面，在那里水会冻结并形成一层新的冰。科学家们说，在10年内，这将使冰盖增加1米)"可知，科学家的计划是通过加厚冰层来帮助北极的。故选A。
34.答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第五段"Some other scientists are wondering if the pumps would actually work in cold Arctic conditions. They are also worried about how the project might affect the environment.(其他一些科学家想知道这些水泵是否能在寒冷的北极环境中工作。他们还担心这个项目会对环境造成怎样的影响)"可知，一些科学家对此做法是持怀疑态度的。故选B。
35.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段"Dr Desch and his team hoped their plan would get more people interested in looking for a solution to the problem of melting sea ice.(Desch博士和他的团队希望他们的计划能让更多的人对寻找解决海冰融化问题的方法感兴趣)"可知，他们希望他们的计划可以使更多的人采取行动。故选D。
答案：36-40 GCAEF
解析：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了保护生态平衡的重要性以及方法。
36.根据上文"Your own backyard may be a fun place to play. You may have trees to climb, and insects to study.(你自己的后院可能是一个好玩的地方。你可以爬树，研究昆虫)"可知，在后院，你可以近距离的接触动植物，可以做很多的事，承接上文，G项"也许你可以听到鸟在唱歌或者看见宠物猫在太阳下睡觉"是在后院接触动物的例子。故选G。
37. 根据上文"Every part of the world has food chains (世界的每一部分都有食物链)"可知，上文讲食物链的每一部分都很重要，结合下文"the whole chain could fall apart.(整个食物链可能会垮掉)"可知，下文讲在某种情况下导致的坏结果，那么，空格处就应该是条件或者假设，承接上下文，C项"但是，如果食物链中的一部分缺失"切题。故选C。
38. 根据下文"Make your backyard a place that other living things can enjoy. Plant more flowers and trees. And, most of all, try not to disturb the places where other animals live.(使你的后院成为一个其它生物都喜欢的地方。种植更多的花和树。最重要的是，尽量不要打扰其他动物居住的地方)"可知，你要和这些生物和平共处，不要干扰它们的生活，说明要与动植物分享空间，承接下文，A项"共享你的空间"切题。故选A。
39. 根据上文"Do not pollute the environment. Recycle any material you can.(不要污染环境。尽可能回收任何材料)"和下文"Having fewer cars on the road means having better air for all of us to breathe.(公路上如果小汽车少就意味着我们可以呼吸较新鲜的空气) "可知，上文作者建议不要污染环境，还进行了举例说明，下文讲汽车少的好结果，可得出为了不污染环境、呼吸较新鲜的空气，可以少开车，用其它更环保的方式出行，减少污染，承接上下文，E项"你需要做的是骑自行车或者走路"切题。故选E。
40. 根据上文"Keep learning about and respecting plants, animals, and the environment.(不断学习并尊重植物、动物和环境)"和下文"You may even pass it on to your own children someday.(有一天，你甚至可以将这个传递给你自己的孩子)"可知，正确的观念(即不断学习并尊重植物、动物和环境)需要发扬光大。F项"你可以将这个信息传递给父母和朋友"也是对正确观念的肯定，F项使用You can then pass…; 下文使用You may even pass…。根据句式相同原则可知F项切题。故选F。
第三部分 语言知识运用
第一节
41.答案：B
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们可以比其他人更快地学习新词汇，掌握规则或语法，并学会用新语言写作。A. take up占用；B. pick up学会；C. show up到场；D. turn up出现。根据下文"master rules or grammar, and learn to write in the new language"可知，是讲学习语言，所以应该是学习新词汇。故选B。
42.答案：A
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. quickly快地；B. slowly慢地；C. fairly公平地；D. carefully仔细地。根据上文"Some people seem to have a secret for learning languages."可知，有些人学习语言有秘诀，所以应该是更快的学习新词汇，掌握规则或语法，并学会用新语言写作。故选A。
43.答案：B
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：也许如果我们仔细观察这些成功的语言学习者，我们会发现一些让他们学习语言更容易的技巧。A. good好的；B. close仔细的；C. obvious显然的；D. high高的。根据下文"we may discover a few…"可知，如果仔细看就会发现一些让他们学习语言更容易的技巧。故选B。
44.答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. chances机会；B. opportunities机会；C. choices选择；D. techniques技巧。根据"Some people seem to have a secret for learning languages."可知，学习语言有秘诀，所以这里应该是发现他们学习语言的技巧。故选D。
45.答案：D
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：首先，成功的语言学习者是独立的学习者。A. reliable可靠的；B. interesting有趣的；C. successful成功的；D. independent独立的。根据下文"they do not depend on the book or the teacher"可知，他们不依靠书本或者老师，所以他们是独立的学习者。故选D。
46.答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们不依赖书本或老师；他们会发现自己学习语言的方法。A. way方法；B. ability能力；C. reason原因；D. interest兴趣。根据上文说他们有学习语言的技巧，和下文"to learn the language",可知，还是在说学习语言的方法。故选A。
47.答案：C
解析：考查介词短语辨析。句意：他们不是等着老师解释，而是自己去寻找模式和规则。A. Because of由于；B. Except for除……之外；C. Instead of代替，而不是；D. In spite of尽管。根据下文"they try to find the patterns and the rules for themselves"可知，不是等着老师解释。故选C。
48.答案：D
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：因此，成功的学习者不会坐等机会来使用一门语言；他们寻找这样的机会。A. look up查找；B. look into调查；C. look out当心；D. look for寻找。根据上文"successful learners do not wait for a chance to use the language"可知，成功的学习者不会坐等机会使用语言，而是寻找机会使用语言。故选D。
49.答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们找到说这种语言的人，当他们犯错误时，他们请这些人纠正他们。A. decision决定；B. error错误；C. plan计划；D. promise允诺。根据下文"they ask these people to correct them"可知，是当他们犯错误时，请人来纠正。故选B。
50.答案：A
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：沟通困难时，他们可能会得到不准确或不完整的信息。A. incomplete不完整的；B. important重要的；C. impossible不可能的；D. irregular不规律的。根据上文"When communication is difficult"可知，沟通遇到困难时，你可能没有听懂对方的话，那么得到的信息应该是不准确的或者不完整的。故选A。
51.答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：对他们来说，学会用这门语言思考比知道每一个单词的意思更重要。A. tell告诉；B. say说；C. think想，思考；D. speak说。根据下文"than to know the meaning of every word"可知，好的语言学习者不是单单的知道或者会说这种语言，更重要的是用这种语言去思考。故选C。
52.答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，成功的语言学习者都是有目标的学习者。A. pressure压力；B. right权利；C. choice选择；D. purpose目标。根据下文"They want to learn the language because they are interested in the language and the people who speak it."可知，他们学习语言是有目标的。故选D。
53.答案：A
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果你是一个成功的语言学习者，你可能一直在独立地、积极地、有目的地学习。A. probably可能地；B. hardly几乎不；C. nearly几乎；D. luckily幸运地。根据上文"If you are a successful language learner"以及上文说的成功的学习者是独立的，有目的的可知，你也可能一直在独立地、积极地、有目的地学习。故选A。
54.答案：C
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：另一方面，如果你的语言学习不是很成功，你不妨试试上面提到的一些技巧。A. necessary必要的；B. important重要的；C. successful成功的；D. interesting有趣的。根据下文"you might as well try some of the techniques mentioned"可知，如果你的语言学习不成功，可以试试这些技巧。故选C。
55.答案：A
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. above在上面；B. below在下面；C. beside在……旁边；D. behind在……后面。根据本句中的"techniques"可知，是上文讲的语言学习技巧，所以是上面提到的。故选A。
第二节
答案：56.an；57.having；58.with；59.created；60.effectively；61.it ；62.to vote；63.explained；64.who/that；65.beliefs
解析：本文是一篇议论文，文章讲述了虽然与持有不同意见的人进行理性对话似乎是一种挑战，但是有一种方法可以走进对方即同理心，这就是尊重不同的观点或立场。
56.考查冠词。句意：在争论中很容易失去理智。分析句子，句中argument意为"争论"为名词，此处表示泛指，设空处应该使用冠词，argument的发音是元音音素开头。故填an。
57.考查非谓语动词。句意：虽然与持不同意见的人进行合理的对话似乎是一种挑战，但这是可能的。分析句子，设空处应该使用have的动名词形式having作让步状语从句的主语。故填having。
58.考查介词。句意：一种方法是用理解来接近对方。分析句子，设空处应该使用介词与空后understanding构成介词短语，此处表示"用"介词使用with。故填with。
59.考查非谓语动词。句意：同理心挑战是由耶鲁大学管理学院高级讲师佐伊·钱尼斯发起的一项练习。分析句子，设空处应该使用非谓语都能歌词作后置定语，逻辑主语exercise与create之间为被动关系，应用过去分词。故填created。
60.考查副词。句意：在耶鲁大学，钱尼斯教授一门名为"掌握影响力和说服"的课程，让学生学习有效沟通。分析句子，设空处应该使用effective的副词effectively作状语，修饰动词communicate，意为"有效地"。故填effectively。
61.考查代词。句意：在她的博客中，钱尼斯解释说，倾听那些不同意你的人是很重要的。分析句子，设空处应该使用it作形式主语，真正的主语为to listen。故填it。
62.考查非谓语动词。句意：由于她不明白为什么很多人更愿意投票给唐纳德·特朗普，她找到了三个特朗普的选民，并与他们交谈。句中prefer to do为固定短语，意为"更喜欢做某事"。故填to vote。
63.考查动词。句意：一名正统犹太人解释说，他支持川普是因为川普的女儿和女婿是犹太人。分析句子，设空为主句谓语动词，此处表示过去事实，故使用一般过去时。故填explained。
64.考查定语从句。句意：第三位是一位律师，他认为诚实对政治领导人很重要。分析句子，设空处引导的是定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，先行词是lawyer，为人，使用关系代词who或者that。故填who/that。
65.考查名词。句意：虽然吉斯和那些人有不同的政治信仰，但他们能够理解他人的人生价值观。分析句子，设空处应该使用名词作宾语。根据文中different可知，此处belief应该使用复数形式。belief意为"信念，信条"，其复数为beliefs。故填beliefs。
第四部分 写作
第一节
答案：
Dear Ms. Hopkins,
I am Li Hua, president of the Students' Union. I'm writing to invite you to serve as a judge in an English story-telling contest to be held in our school next Friday.
Twelve students will tell their stories, whose theme should be focused on traditional Chinese culture, aiming to develop students' sense of national pride as well as arouse their interest in English learning. As a judge, you would be responsible for listening to all the competitors' stories, deciding who are winners with three other judges.
I do hope you can accept my invitation if it is convenient for you. I am looking forward to your reply.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节
答案：
Paragraph 1:
Without hesitation, Andy jumped off his bike and dived into the cool water. After holding his breath for as long as he could, Andy came up for air and noticed the bees had gone. Dragging himself out of the dam, he struggled up the hilly slope and rang the doorbell. Mr. Nelson happened to be home and seeing the tired and wet boy, the owner took him inside. After knowing what Andy had experienced, he praised the boy and rang his mother.
Paragraph 2:
In no time, his mother appeared in front of him. Seeing Andy, his mother anxiously asked whether he was injured. Andy answered it was the dam that saved him. His mother laughed with relief and said he really needed that fishing break to help him recover. But Andy did not hear her. He was thinking his father's words "When you are in a tight situation, don't panic." And he realized how important it was to listen to parents.