2022北京海淀初三一模英语（教师版）

这是一份2022北京海淀初三一模英语（教师版），共22页。试卷主要包含了 04， 5分,共6分)等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022北京海淀初三一模
英 语
2022. 04
考生须知：
1. 本试卷共8页,共两部分,39道题,满分60分。考试时间90分钟。
2. 在试卷和答题卡上准确填写学校名称、姓名和准考证号。
3. 试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上,在试卷上作答无效。
4. 在答题卡上,选择题用2B铅笔作答,其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。
5. 考试结束,请将本试卷、答题卡和草稿纸一并交回。
第一部分
本部分共33题,共40分。在每题列出的四个选项中,选出最符合题目要求的一项。
一、单项填空(每题0. 5分,共6分)
从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. My brother is very friendly. ________ gets along well with others.
A. He B. She C. I D. You
2. Wu Dajing, a gold medalist, started to practice speed skating ________ the age of ten.
A. on B. in C. for D. at
3. —________ do you play basketball with your classmates, David?
—Twice a week.
A. How often B. How long C. How soon D. How far
4. Our parents help and support us a lot, ________ we should be thankful to them.
A. but B. or C. so D. because
5. —________ you lend me your dictionary, Laura?
—Sorry, I can’t. I have just lent it to Eric.
A. Could B. Should C. Must D. Need
6. We should keep in mind that nothing is ________ than safety.
A. important B. more important C. most important D. the most important
7. —Nick, take out the trash, please.
—Wait a minute, Mom. I ________ an e-mail to Mr. Smith now.
A write B. am writing C. wrote D. will write
8. The supermarket ________ at 8:30 a.m. and closes at 8:30 p.m. every day.
A. is opening B. opened C. opens D. will open
9. All of us ________ great progress since we started junior high school.
A. make B. made C. have made D. will make
10. The kids ________ an online lesson when their parents arrived home yesterday.
A. took B. take C. are taking D. were taking
11. A new hospital ________ in the village by the government last year.
A. builds B. built C. is built D. was built
12. —Tom, do you know ________?
—Next Friday.
A. when will we hold the sports meeting B. when we will hold the sports meeting
C. when did we hold the sports meeting D. when we held the sports meeting
二、完形填空（每题1分,共8分）
阅读下面的短文,掌握其大意,然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择最佳选项。
It was January 2021. My second term in high school had just ended. Two weeks earlier, my parents checked my grades and ____13____ more than 20 missing tasks.
Bright and able as I was, I had often struggled（挣扎）with ____14____ and procrastination（拖延）, especially with writing tasks. But this time was different, and the pandemic（疫情）was to blame. I was doing my first year partly from home where I did my schoolwork on my own time, and, for the most part, without teacher guidance.
The ____15____ was too much. I could do a million other things rather than my homework. I told my mom what I was missing from my teachers and classmates, “When a teacher walks around the classroom, you want to be on task, and you don’t want to fall behind the other students.”
My parents tried to help, but their ____16____ fell far short of their expectations. Tired from working long days, they criticized rather than advised. Late-night learning hours ended in ____17____ matches. All three of us were upset and stressed out.
We knew we couldn’t solve this alone. So when my mom heard that Steve Merrill, an experienced teacher, could help, she ____18____ out.
Mr. Merrill told me that his students also had problems in the same areas: task organization and time management. He taught me to break down big tasks into small ones. We met twice a week, over video, where we could look over my tasks and put the skill into practice. After a few months, I started to see positive results. My grades were improving. My work habits were becoming more regular. There were ____19____ late-night learning hours and fights.
The other evening I came downstairs to ask my parents for help with a writing task. There was something different. I had ____20____ most of it two days before the deadline! While I don’t expect this school year to be easy, I now have some of the tools I need to help me through it.
13. A. counted B. finished C. changed D. gave
14. A. discussion B. expression C. competition D. organization
15. A. knowledge B. stress C. freedom D. advice
16. A. rules B. efforts C. habits D. experiences
17. A. searching B. reading C. joking D. shouting
18. A. reached B. helped C. worked D. dropped
19. A. better B. fewer C. stronger D. busier
20. A. shared B. forgotten C. completed D. mistaken
三、阅读理解（每题2分,共26分）
阅读下列短文,根据短文内容,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择最佳选项。
A
You change into your pajamas, turn off the lights, and get yourself ready to sleep. How do you prefer to sleep, on the back or on your side? Here are some interesting sleeping positions.

Starfish
Starfish is when you lie on your back and sleep with your arms lifted up near your head. According to studies, only 5% of people sleep like this. It often causes lower back pain. You can place a pillow（枕头）under your knees if you have lower back pain. You will feel more comfortable this way.

Soldier Position
This sleeping position is kind of strange, but very common. It’s when you sleep on your back with your arms down and very close to your body. Studies have shown that people who sleep like this may be quieter. It is actually a good sleeping position, as it helps keep your spine (脊柱) in a straight line.

Sleeping on Your Belly
Do you like to sleep on your belly, but experience problems oftentimes? The position might not help you. It can make your neck uncomfortable. But if this is how you like to sleep, you might consider using a very soft cooling pillow to keep your neck comfortable.

Freefall
If this sleeping position is not familiar to you, you should know that at least 7% of the world’s population sleep that way. In this position, you have your hands on or around your pillow, with your head turned to one side. But it may create a twist (扭伤) in the neck. Some studies suggest that generally you’re a social person if you like to sleep in this position.

21. Which sleeping position often causes lower back pain?
A. Starfish. B. Soldier Position. C. Sleeping on Your Belly. D. Freefall.
22. Sleeping in the soldier position helps ________.
A. you fall asleep quickly B. keep your spine in a straight line
C. you breathe easily D. treat the pain in your neck
23. If Tom likes to sleep in the freefall position, he might be ________.
A. social B. quiet C. honest D. careful
B
Jeremiah’s Mistake

Jeremiah hurried into the kitchen and washed his hands. He had exactly one hour until his father got home. He wasn’t used to starting dinner this early. On his nights to cook, Jeremiah generally got dinner ready in fifteen minutes. But Dad always praised Jeremiah’s meals, no matter how simple they were. “Delicious!” he would say. But Jeremiah knew Dad liked more complicated (复杂的) dishes, because on Dad’s nights to cook, he used a ton of ingredients. Dad was a natural cook. Not Jeremiah-at least, not until tonight.
It was Dad’s birthday, and for once in his life, Jeremiah was cooking something complicated: spaghetti with homemade sauce (酱). He’d eaten it a million times, so he knew most of the ingredients. “Tomatoes, onions, garlic, beef,” he thought, looking through the fridge. They had everything except the beef. No problem—they’d go vegetarian tonight.

Jeremiah cut up the vegetables with Dad’s special knife and put them into the pot. Then he turned to Dad’s spice(香料) collection. He picked a few familiar ones and put them in. The pleasing smell of fresh tomatoes amazed him. He tasted it just as Dad usually did. It was terrible! Way too spicy. Aha! A lime would cool things down. He added in as much lime juice as he could. One more taste. Ugh. It was awful! Now the sauce was sour and spicy.
He left the kitchen and went into his room. He could at least order pizza, so Dad wouldn’t have to stay hungry on his own birthday. As he counted his money, he heard the front door open.
“Hi, Jeremiah!” Dad called.
“Coming.”
Jeremiah returned to the kitchen, where he found Dad digging through the food cupboard. “I’m buying pizza,” Jeremiah said. “It’s not much of a birthday dinner...”
Dad turned holding a bag of chips and a bowl of Jeremiah’s spaghetti sauce. “We don’t need pizza!” Dad smiled. “This delicious salsa(萨尔萨辣酱) is a meal in itself!”
24. Why did Jeremiah decide to cook something complicated?
A. Because it was his dad’s birthday. B. Because his dad told him to do so.
C. Because he arrived home early. D. Because he was a natural cook.
25. Jeremiah thought the sauce he made was ________.
A. neither sour nor spicy enough B. different from what he had expected
C. simple but healthy D. as delicious as he had imagined
26. What can we learn about Jeremiah’s father?
A. He takes his job seriously. B. He is creative and strict.
C. He expects his son to be skillful. D. He is loving and encouraging.
C
Why Do Top Athletes Choke Under Pressure?

According to classic economic theory, the higher the reward, the better the expected performance. As a result, we could expect the best performance at the most important moments. But why do we so often see the most talented and experienced athletes perform much worse than expected in important competitions like the Olympics?
Why the Drop in Performance?
It is not necessarily true that there’s a direct relationship between incentives (激励) and achievement. Research has shown that increased motivation (动机) beyond a certain level harms an athlete’s performance. We call this phenomenon “choking under pressure”. Greater incentives may lead to higher levels of arousal (兴奋). The relationship between performance and arousal looks like an inverted U shape (倒U形), meaning that performance is the best at certain levels of arousal and drops with over-arousal.
The desire to perform as well as possible is thought to create performance pressure. Many studies have shown increased pressure has a bad effect on athletes’ performance in skill-based games. When people overthink or consciously monitor each step, the drop in performance happens.
2
Beyond the pressure coming from the important competitions, another thing that may add pressure is the level of expectations. An experiment suggested high audience expectations harm performance in a skill-based task. For example, one of the most famous biathletes in history, Martin Fourcade, said it was very emotional for him to compete in his home country and also much harder than competing abroad because of greater expectations.
We tested this home disadvantage by using data from biathlon (冬季两项) competitions over 17 years. We have found the most titled athletes miss a lot more shots when competing in their home country compared to when they compete abroad. The most reasonable explanation likely relates to the level of expectations from the homeland.
How to Deal with It?
There are several ways to reduce stress, such as a countdown or taking a deep breath before the task. But the base for any solution is to realize that stress affects performance. Choking under pressure can happen to the best athletes and it’s not a shame to admit it. The more athletes know about the effect pressure can have on them, the more likely they are to succeed at the highest level.
27. What can we learn from “choking under pressure”?
A. The higher the reward, the better the expected performance.
B. Better achievement in games results from a drop in pressure.
C. Arousal beyond a certain level harms an athlete’s performance.
D. Athletes’ performance in games has something to do with their training.
28. Which of the following would be the best heading for Paragraph 4 and 5?
A. Pressure as a Key to Improving Performance.
B. Pressure as a Push for Becoming Top-level Athletes.
C. High Expectations as a Cause of Choking Under Pressure.
D. High Expectations as an Incentive to Compete in the Home Country.
29. To deal with pressure, the athletes should first ________.
A. avoid the possible feelings of pressure
B. share their worries with friends and coaches
C. try their best to succeed at the highest level
D. recognize the effect of stress on performance
D
Nowadays, the online world is nearly as important as the real one. It is not uncommon to see the whole Internet bands together to “cancel” someone after they make a mistake, which is called Cancel Culture. It can result in a person, if famous, losing fans and having to face attacks online. Even a normal person faces risks of losing their jobs or personal relationships. While stepping foot on any social media platform, everyone including young children can fall victim to it.
Cancel Culture is a lose-lose situation. The person being canceled has to stand the negative effects of the Internet, and the people doing the canceling are contributing to (促成) the mindset that it’s okay to do this to people they don’t know. Young kids may not understand or contribute completely to Cancel Culture, but by simply being on the Internet, they can see it firsthand, affecting their real lives. A New York Metro Parents article describes one girl who was canceled in school the same way people are canceled on the Internet, and her friends wouldn’t even talk to or look at her.
Dr. Pam Rultledge, a media psychologist, explains in her blog post that Cancel Culture discourages kids from expressing their opinions and standing up for others. It’s always an “us against them” mindset; anyone agreeing with the person being canceled is at risk of being left out online too.
So again I ask, what is this teaching our kids? That they aren’t allowed to make mistakes? That they have to be perfect? This may be the current narrative, but it shouldn’t be. Everyone messes up at some point, especially young children. They shouldn’t be publicly punished for it and not given the chance to change people’s minds. Forgiveness is an important skill kids need to learn, and Cancel Culture is encouraging the opposite.
One small mistake doesn’t make someone a bad person, but Cancel Culture makes them feel as if they are. Cancel Culture doesn’t have to exist. We make it exist. And just as easily, we can make it disappear by contributing to an online world full of praise and love.
30. The underlined words “fall victim to” in Paragraph 1 probably mean “________”.
A. be attracted to B. get used to C. be shocked by D. get hurt by
31. Why does the writer mention the New York Metro Parents article in Paragraph 2?
A. To explain why Cancel Culture does harm to children’s friendships.
B. To stress the importance of close relationships with friends for students.
C. To show how Cancel Culture has exercised influence on kids’ real lives.
D. To suggest possible ways of changing the habit of overusing the Internet.
32. In Cancel Culture, a person who makes mistakes will be ________.
A. comforted with great patience B. left out and publicly punished
C. taught how to correct the mistakes D. blocked from using the Internet again
33. By saying “This may be the current narrative, but it shouldn’t be” in Paragraph 4,the writer wants to express that Cancel Culture ________.
A. is easy to change B. has a two-sided nature
C. is supposed to be canceled D. stops mistakes from being repeated
第二部分
本部分共6题,共20分。根据题目要求,完成相应任务。
四、阅读表达（每题2分,共10分）
阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题

Eradajere Oleita has a tradition on her birthday of finding some way to give back. So as her 25th birthday was around the corner in 2020, she started looking for her next project. She found it when she came across a video on the Internet about how to iron foil-lined（铝箔内衬的）chip bags into sleeping bags. Oleita said the video gave her the idea of the Chip Bag Project.
“This is a project that allows me to really bring two of my passions together, people and the environment,” Oleita said. “We throw so much stuff away and never really think about where that’s ending”.
“It takes about four hours to sew（缝） a sleeping bag. Each takes around 150 to 300 chip bags, depending on whether they’ re single-serve or family size,” Oleita told The Detroit News. “Our sleeping bags are better than the cotton ones. They are waterproof, lightweight, and easy to carry around.”
Once each sleeping bag is complete it’s packed with other donated winter necessities such as socks, gloves and hats to be given away to homeless people.
Since its start in 2020, the Chip Bag Project has collected over 800,000 chip bags and, as of last December, created 110 sleeping bags.
“Every time we get a chip bag we’re taking something—something that’s not going into our water,” Oleita said.” And when we give somebody a bag, we’re giving warmth, and we’re helping a human life.
The Chip Bag Project is just the latest environmental project for Oleita. She has also worked with the Youth Energy Squad, a program that teaches students about environmental sustainability（可持续性）. One of her first large projects was creating a 6-foot-tall Minion character out of recycled plastic bottles.
“Before, I felt like environmental things were not topics for people like me,” Oleita said. “But now I believe that each of us can contribute to the future of the world by training people not to be careless with their things, and meanwhile, helping people in need.”
34. What gave Oleita the idea of the Chip Bag Project?
__________________________________
35. How long does it take to make a sleeping bag out of chip bags?
__________________________________
36. Why are the sleeping bags better than the cotton ones according to Oleita?
__________________________________
37. What is the Minion character created by Oleita made of?
__________________________________
38. Why is Oleita’s Chip Bag Project meaningful?
__________________________________
五、文段表达（10分）
从下面两个题目中任选一题,根据中文和英文提示,完成一篇不少于50词的文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。
39. 假如你是李华，你们学校英语角留言板本月的主题为“致我最想感谢的人”，请你用英语写一则留言，谈谈你最想感谢谁，以及你感谢他/她的理由。
提示词语：support, encourage, advice, helpful, patience
提示问题：Who do you want to thank?
Why do you want to thank him/her?
This is a thank-you note to ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

40. “凡事预则立，不预则废。”
某英文网站正在开展主题为“做一个有准备的人”的征文活动。假如你是李华，请用英语写一篇短文投稿，谈谈是什么经历让你意识到准备的重要性，以及你从中获得的益处。
提示词语：competition worried, improve, confidence, proud
提示问题：What experience taught you the importance of preparation?
Please describe it.
What benefits have you got from the experience?
Being prepared is important. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考答案
一、单项填空(每题0. 5分,共6分)
从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. My brother is very friendly. ________ gets along well with others.
A. He B. She C. I D. You
【1题答案】
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：我的哥哥很友好。他和他人相处得好。
考查代词。He他；She她；I我；You你。根据“gets along well with”可知，主语应为第三人称单数。再根据前文可知，此处应用he代替my brother。故选A。
2. Wu Dajing, a gold medalist, started to practice speed skating ________ the age of ten.
A. on B. in C. for D. at
【2题答案】
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：金牌得主武大靖十岁时开始练习速度滑冰。
考查介词。on在……上；in在……里；for为了；at在（某处）。根据“the age of”可知，此处考查介词短语at the age of“在……岁时”。故选D。
3. —________ do you play basketball with your classmates, David?
—Twice a week.
A. How often B. How long C. How soon D. How far
【3题答案】
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：——你多久和你的同学打一次篮球，大卫？——一周两次。
考查特殊疑问词。How often多久一次；How long多长时间；How soon多久以后；How far多远。根据答语“Twice a week.”可知，是表示频率，应用How often来提问。故选A。
4. Our parents help and support us a lot ________ we should be thankful to them.
A. but B. or C. so D. because
【4题答案】
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：我们的父母帮助和支持我们很多，所以我们应该感谢他们。
考查连词辨析。but但是；or或者；so所以；because因为。根据“we should be thankful to them”可知，此句是前句的结果，用so引导从句，故选C。
5. —________ you lend me your dictionary, Laura?
—Sorry, I can’t. I have just lent it to Eric.
A. Could B. Should C. Must D. Need
【5题答案】
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：——罗拉，你能把字典借给我吗？——对不起，我不能。我刚刚把它借给了埃里克。
考查情态动词。Could可以；Should应该；Must必须；Need需要。根据“Sorry, I can’t.”可知，含有can或could的一般疑问句表示委婉地提出请求，could使语气更加委婉，故选A。
6. We should keep in mind that nothing is ________ than safety.
A. important B. more important C. most important D. the most important
【6题答案】
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：我们应该记住，没有什么比安全更重要。
考查比较级。根据空后的than可知，空处要用比较级，important的比较级是more important。故选B。
7. —Nick, take out the trash, please.
—Wait a minute, Mom. I ________ an e-mail to Mr. Smith now.
A. write B. am writing C. wrote D. will write
【7题答案】
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——尼克，请把垃圾拿出去。——等一下，妈妈。我正在给史密斯先生写一封电子邮件。
考查现在进行时。根据“now”可知，是现在进行时，强调正在做某事，结构为“be动词+doing”。故选B。
8. The supermarket ________ at 8:30 a.m. and closes at 8:30 p.m. every day.
A. is opening B. opened C. opens D. will open
【8题答案】
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：超市每天早上8:30开门，晚上8:30关门。
考查动词时态。根据“closes”可知，此空也应填动词三单形式，故选C。
9. All of us ________ great progress since we started junior high school.
A. make B. made C. have made D. will make
【9题答案】
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：自读初中以来，我们所有人都取得了巨大进步。
考查现在完成时。根据从句“...since we started junior high school.”可知，主句应用现在完成时：have/has+过去分词。故选C。
10. The kids ________ an online lesson when their parents arrived home yesterday.
A. took B. take C. are taking D. were taking
【10题答案】
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：昨天孩子们的父母回家时，他们正在上在线课程。
考查过去进行时。根据“when their parents arrived home yesterday”可知，句子强调过去某个时刻点正在发生的动作，主语为复数the kids，故用过去进行时were taking，故选D。
11. A new hospital ________ in the village by the government last year.
A. builds B. built C. is built D. was built
【11题答案】
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：去年人们在村里建了一所新医院。
考查被动语态。根据“hospital”和“build”可知，是被动关系；结合“last year”，是一般过去时的被动语态，结构为“was/were+过去分词”，主语为单数，be动词用was。故选D。
12. —Tom do you know ________?
—Next Friday.
A. when will we hold the sports meeting B. when we will hold the sports meeting
C. when did we hold the sports meeting D. when we held the sports meeting
【12题答案】
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——汤姆，你知道我们什么时候举行运动会吗？——下个星期五。
考查宾语从句。此处是宾语从句，宾语从句是陈述语序，所以排除选项A和C；根据回答“Next Friday”可知句子用一般将来时，故选B。
二、完形填空（每题1分,共8分）
阅读下面的短文,掌握其大意,然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择最佳选项。
It was January 2021. My second term in high school had just ended. Two weeks earlier, my parents checked my grades and ____13____ more than 20 missing tasks.
Bright and able as I was, I had often struggled（挣扎）with ____14____ and procrastination（拖延）, especially with writing tasks. But this time was different, and the pandemic（疫情）was to blame. I was doing my first year partly from home where I did my schoolwork on my own time, and, for the most part, without teacher guidance.
The ____15____ was too much. I could do a million other things rather than my homework. I told my mom what I was missing from my teachers and classmates, “When a teacher walks around the classroom, you want to be on task, and you don’t want to fall behind the other students.”
My parents tried to help, but their ____16____ fell far short of their expectations. Tired from working long days, they criticized rather than advised. Late-night learning hours ended in ____17____ matches. All three of us were upset and stressed out.
We knew we couldn’t solve this alone. So when my mom heard that Steve Merrill, an experienced teacher, could help, she ____18____ out.
Mr. Merrill told me that his students also had problems in the same areas: task organization and time management. He taught me to break down big tasks into small ones. We met twice a week, over video, where we could look over my tasks and put the skill into practice. After a few months, I started to see positive results. My grades were improving. My work habits were becoming more regular. There were ____19____ late-night learning hours and fights.
The other evening I came downstairs to ask my parents for help with a writing task. There was something different. I had ____20____ most of it two days before the deadline! While I don’t expect this school year to be easy, I now have some of the tools I need to help me through it.
13. A. counted B. finished C. changed D. gave
14. A. discussion B. expression C. competition D. organization
15. A. knowledge B. stress C. freedom D. advice
16. A. rules B. efforts C. habits D. experiences
17. A. searching B. reading C. joking D. shouting
18. A. reached B. helped C. worked D. dropped
19. A. better B. fewer C. stronger D. busier
20. A. shared B. forgotten C. completed D. mistaken
【13~20题答案】
【答案】13. A 14. D 15. C 16. B 17. D 18. A 19. B 20. C
【解析】
【导语】本文讲述了作者在上学期间，经常挣扎于任务规划和拖延症，父母也无能为力，最终在Steve Merrill老师的帮助下，帮作者成功解决了问题。
【13题详解】
句意：两周前，我的父母检查了我的成绩，数出有20多个失分的项目。
counted数数；finished完成；changed改变；gave给。根据“my parents checked my grades”可知，此处是说数出了20多个失分的项目。故选A。
【14题详解】
句意：尽管我聪明能干，但我经常挣扎于任务规划和拖延，尤其是在写作任务方面。
discussion讨论；expression表达；competition竞赛；organization组织。根据后面“Mr. Merrill told me that his students also had problems in the same areas: task organization and time management.”可知，此处是说任务组织方面。故选D。
【15题详解】
句意：自由太多了。
knowledge知识；stress压力；freedom自由；advice建议。根据“I could do a million other things rather than my homework.”可知我有很多的自由。故选C。
【16题详解】
句意：我父母努力帮助，但是他们的努力远没有达到期待。
rules规则；efforts努力；habits习惯；experiences经历。fall short of...意为“没达到……”，结合选项可知，此处是表达“他们的努力远没有达到期待”，故选B。
【17题详解】
句意：深夜的学习也总是以争吵而结束。
searching搜寻；reading阅读；joking开玩笑；shouting大喊。根据“There were…late-night learning hours and fights”可知，此处是说大喊。故选D。
【18题详解】
句意：当妈妈听说了有经验的Steve Merrill可以帮助我时，她联系到了这位老师。
reached到达；helped帮助；worked工作；dropped下落。reach out“急切寻求，联系某人求助”，固定短语。故选A。
【19题详解】
句意：深夜学习和打架的时间减少了。
better更好的；fewer更少的；stronger更壮的；busier更忙的。根据“My work habits were becoming more regular.”可知，工作习惯变得越来越有规律，所以会有更少的深夜学习和打架的时间。故选B。
【20题详解】
句意：我在截止日期前两天就完成了大部分！
shared分享；forgotten忘记；completed完成；mistaken误认为。根据前面“My grades were improving. My work habits were becoming more regular. There were…late-night learning hours and fights.”可知，我现在学会做规划和时间管理了，强调我的改变，所以此处是说“提前两天就完成了大部分”。故选C。
三、阅读理解（每题2分,共26分）
阅读下列短文,根据短文内容,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择最佳选项。
A
You change into your pajamas, turn off the lights, and get yourself ready to sleep. How do you prefer to sleep, on the back or on your side? Here are some interesting sleeping positions.

Starfish
Starfish is when you lie on your back and sleep with your arms lifted up near your head. According to studies, only 5% of people sleep like this. It often causes lower back pain. You can place a pillow（枕头）under your knees if you have lower back pain. You will feel more comfortable this way.

Soldier Position
This sleeping position is kind of strange, but very common. It’s when you sleep on your back with your arms down and very close to your body. Studies have shown that people who sleep like this may be quieter. It is actually a good sleeping position, as it helps keep your spine (脊柱) in a straight line.

Sleeping on Your Belly
Do you like to sleep on your belly, but experience problems oftentimes? The position might not help you. It can make your neck uncomfortable. But if this is how you like to sleep, you might consider using a very soft cooling pillow to keep your neck comfortable.

Freefall
If this sleeping position is not familiar to you, you should know that at least 7% of the world’s population sleep that way. In this position, you have your hands on or around your pillow, with your head turned to one side. But it may create a twist (扭伤) in the neck. Some studies suggest that generally you’re a social person if you like to sleep in this position.

21. Which sleeping position often causes lower back pain?
A. Starfish. B. Soldier Position. C. Sleeping on Your Belly. D. Freefall.
22. Sleeping in the soldier position helps ________.
A. you fall asleep quickly B. keep your spine in a straight line
C. you breathe easily D. treat the pain in your neck
23. If Tom likes to sleep in the freefall position, he might be ________.
A. social B. quiet C. honest D. careful
【21~23题答案】
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. A
【解析】
【导语】本文介绍了一些有趣的睡姿。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Starfish中“You can place a pillow（枕头）under your knees if you have lower back pain.”可知海星型睡姿会导致下腰痛。故选A。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Soldier Position中“It is actually a good sleeping position, as it helps keep your spine (脊柱) in a straight line.”可知军人型睡姿会帮助使你的脊柱笔直。故选B。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据Freefall中“Some studies suggest that generally you’re a social person if you like to sleep in this position.”可知自由下落睡姿人是一个社交型的人。故选A。
B
Jeremiah’s Mistake

Jeremiah hurried into the kitchen and washed his hands. He had exactly one hour until his father got home. He wasn’t used to starting dinner this early. On his nights to cook, Jeremiah generally got dinner ready in fifteen minutes. But Dad always praised Jeremiah’s meals, no matter how simple they were. “Delicious!” he would say. But Jeremiah knew Dad liked more complicated (复杂的) dishes, because on Dad’s nights to cook, he used a ton of ingredients. Dad was a natural cook. Not Jeremiah-at least, not until tonight.
It was Dad’s birthday, and for once in his life, Jeremiah was cooking something complicated: spaghetti with homemade sauce (酱). He’d eaten it a million times, so he knew most of the ingredients. “Tomatoes, onions, garlic, beef,” he thought, looking through the fridge. They had everything except the beef. No problem—they’d go vegetarian tonight.

Jeremiah cut up the vegetables with Dad’s special knife and put them into the pot. Then he turned to Dad’s spice(香料) collection. He picked a few familiar ones and put them in. The pleasing smell of fresh tomatoes amazed him. He tasted it just as Dad usually did. It was terrible! Way too spicy. Aha! A lime would cool things down. He added in as much lime juice as he could. One more taste. Ugh. It was awful! Now the sauce was sour and spicy.
He left the kitchen and went into his room. He could at least order pizza, so Dad wouldn’t have to stay hungry on his own birthday. As he counted his money, he heard the front door open.
“Hi, Jeremiah!” Dad called.
“Coming.”
Jeremiah returned to the kitchen, where he found Dad digging through the food cupboard. “I’m buying pizza,” Jeremiah said. “It’s not much of a birthday dinner...”
Dad turned, holding a bag of chips and a bowl of Jeremiah’s spaghetti sauce. “We don’t need pizza!” Dad smiled. “This delicious salsa(萨尔萨辣酱) is a meal in itself!”
24. Why did Jeremiah decide to cook something complicated?
A. Because it was his dad’s birthday. B. Because his dad told him to do so.
C. Because he arrived home early. D. Because he was a natural cook.
25. Jeremiah thought the sauce he made was ________.
A. neither sour nor spicy enough B. different from what he had expected
C. simple but healthy D. as delicious as he had imagined
26. What can we learn about Jeremiah’s father?
A. He takes his job seriously. B. He is creative and strict.
C. He expects his son to be skillful. D. He is loving and encouraging.
【24~26题答案】
【答案】24. A 25. B 26. D
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲述了Jeremiah想为父亲的生日做些复杂的食物，结果做出来的酱汁又酸又辣，不过父亲用他的鼓励和爱心化解了Jeremiah的失落。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据“It was Dad’s birthday, and for once in his life, Jeremiah was cooking something complicated.”可知，今天是爸爸的生日，Jeremiah打算做些复杂的食物，故选A。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据“He tasted it just as Dad usually did...Way too spicy...Now the sauce was sour and spicy”可知，制作的酱汁又酸又辣，与他所期望的不同，故选B。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。通过第一段“Dad always praised Jeremiah’s meals, no matter how simple they were”和最后一段可知，爸爸很会鼓励Jeremiah，用爱心化解了Jeremiah的失落，故选D。
C
Why Do Top Athletes Choke Under Pressure?

According to classic economic theory, the higher the reward, the better the expected performance. As a result, we could expect the best performance at the most important moments. But why do we so often see the most talented and experienced athletes perform much worse than expected in important competitions like the Olympics?
Why the Drop in Performance?
It is not necessarily true that there’s a direct relationship between incentives (激励) and achievement. Research has shown that increased motivation (动机) beyond a certain level harms an athlete’s performance. We call this phenomenon “choking under pressure”. Greater incentives may lead to higher levels of arousal (兴奋). The relationship between performance and arousal looks like an inverted U shape (倒U形), meaning that performance is the best at certain levels of arousal and drops with over-arousal.
The desire to perform as well as possible is thought to create performance pressure. Many studies have shown increased pressure has a bad effect on athletes’ performance in skill-based games. When people overthink or consciously monitor each step, the drop in performance happens.
2
Beyond the pressure coming from the important competitions, another thing that may add pressure is the level of expectations. An experiment suggested high audience expectations harm performance in a skill-based task. For example, one of the most famous biathletes in history, Martin Fourcade, said it was very emotional for him to compete in his home country and also much harder than competing abroad because of greater expectations.
We tested this home disadvantage by using data from biathlon (冬季两项) competitions over 17 years. We have found the most titled athletes miss a lot more shots when competing in their home country compared to when they compete abroad. The most reasonable explanation likely relates to the level of expectations from the homeland.
How to Deal with It?
There are several ways to reduce stress, such as a countdown or taking a deep breath before the task. But the base for any solution is to realize that stress affects performance. Choking under pressure can happen to the best athletes and it’s not a shame to admit it. The more athletes know about the effect pressure can have on them, the more likely they are to succeed at the highest level.
27. What can we learn from “choking under pressure”?
A. The higher the reward, the better the expected performance.
B. Better achievement in games results from a drop in pressure.
C. Arousal beyond a certain level harms an athlete’s performance.
D. Athletes’ performance in games has something to do with their training.
28. Which of the following would be the best heading for Paragraph 4 and 5?
A. Pressure as a Key to Improving Performance.
B. Pressure as a Push for Becoming Top-level Athletes.
C. High Expectations as a Cause of Choking Under Pressure.
D. High Expectations as an Incentive to Compete in the Home Country.
29. To deal with pressure, the athletes should first ________.
A. avoid the possible feelings of pressure
B. share their worries with friends and coaches
C. try their best to succeed at the highest level
D. recognize the effect of stress on performance
【27~29题答案】
【答案】27. C 28. C 29. D
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲述了为什么顶尖运动员在压力下会表现不好。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Research has shown that increased motivation (动机) beyond a certain level harms an athlete’s performance.”可知，研究表明，超过一定水平的动机增加会对运动员的表现产生不好的影响。故选C。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据4、5 段所阐述的主要是运动员们在高预期的情况下在比赛中发挥失误的例子。其实就是在告诉我们高预期是造成运动员很大压力，发挥失常的主要原因，故选C。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据“But the base for any solution is to realize that stress affects performance.”可知，解决问题的关键还是需要意识到压力会影响比赛的发挥，故选D。
D
Nowadays, the online world is nearly as important as the real one. It is not uncommon to see the whole Internet bands together to “cancel” someone after they make a mistake, which is called Cancel Culture. It can result in a person, if famous, losing fans and having to face attacks online. Even a normal person faces risks of losing their jobs or personal relationships. While stepping foot on any social media platform, everyone including young children can fall victim to it.
Cancel Culture is a lose-lose situation. The person being canceled has to stand the negative effects of the Internet, and the people doing the canceling are contributing to (促成) the mindset that it’s okay to do this to people they don’t know. Young kids may not understand or contribute completely to Cancel Culture, but by simply being on the Internet, they can see it firsthand, affecting their real lives. A New York Metro Parents article describes one girl who was canceled in school the same way people are canceled on the Internet, and her friends wouldn’t even talk to or look at her.
Dr. Pam Rultledge, a media psychologist, explains in her blog post that Cancel Culture discourages kids from expressing their opinions and standing up for others. It’s always an “us against them” mindset; anyone agreeing with the person being canceled is at risk of being left out online too.
So again I ask, what is this teaching our kids? That they aren’t allowed to make mistakes? That they have to be perfect? This may be the current narrative, but it shouldn’t be. Everyone messes up at some point, especially young children. They shouldn’t be publicly punished for it and not given the chance to change people’s minds. Forgiveness is an important skill kids need to learn, and Cancel Culture is encouraging the opposite.
One small mistake doesn’t make someone a bad person, but Cancel Culture makes them feel as if they are. Cancel Culture doesn’t have to exist. We make it exist. And just as easily, we can make it disappear by contributing to an online world full of praise and love.
30. The underlined words “fall victim to” in Paragraph 1 probably mean “________”.
A. be attracted to B. get used to C. be shocked by D. get hurt by
31. Why does the writer mention the New York Metro Parents article in Paragraph 2?
A. To explain why Cancel Culture does harm to children’s friendships.
B. To stress the importance of close relationships with friends for students.
C. To show how Cancel Culture has exercised influence on kids’ real lives.
D. To suggest possible ways of changing the habit of overusing the Internet.
32. In Cancel Culture, a person who makes mistakes will be ________.
A. comforted with great patience B. left out and publicly punished
C. taught how to correct the mistakes D. blocked from using the Internet again
33. By saying “This may be the current narrative, but it shouldn’t be” in Paragraph 4,the writer wants to express that Cancel Culture ________.
A. is easy to change B. has a two-sided nature
C. is supposed to be canceled D. stops mistakes from being repeated
【30~33题答案】
【答案】30. D 31. C 32. B 33. C
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了什么是Cancel Culture，以及它所带来影响和危害。
【30题详解】
词义推测题。根据“It can result in a person, if famous, losing fans and having to face attacks online. Even a normal person faces risks of losing their jobs or personal relationships”可知，此处解释人们受到的伤害，fall victim to与get hurt by同义，故选D。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Young kids may not understand or contribute completely to Cancel Culture, but by simply being on the Internet, they can see it firsthand, affecting their real lives”可知，作者提及“New York Metro Parents”是为了说明Cancel Culture对孩子们实际生活中的影响，故选C。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据“anyone agreeing with the person being canceled is at risk of being left out online too.”以及“They shouldn’t be publicly punished for it and not given the chance to change people’s minds.”可知，一个犯错误的人会被排除在外并受到公开的惩罚，故选B。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。结合上下文并根据最后一段第二句“Cancel Culture doesn’t have to exist”可知，作者认为Cancel Culture不应该存在，应该被取消，故选C。
第二部分
本部分共6题,共20分。根据题目要求,完成相应任务。
四、阅读表达（每题2分,共10分）
阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。

Eradajere Oleita has a tradition on her birthday of finding some way to give back. So as her 25th birthday was around the corner in 2020, she started looking for her next project. She found it when she came across a video on the Internet about how to iron foil-lined（铝箔内衬的）chip bags into sleeping bags. Oleita said the video gave her the idea of the Chip Bag Project.
“This is a project that allows me to really bring two of my passions together, people and the environment,” Oleita said. “We throw so much stuff away and never really think about where that’s ending”.
“It takes about four hours to sew（缝） a sleeping bag. Each takes around 150 to 300 chip bags, depending on whether they’ re single-serve or family size,” Oleita told The Detroit News. “Our sleeping bags are better than the cotton ones. They are waterproof, lightweight, and easy to carry around.”
Once each sleeping bag is complete, it’s packed with other donated winter necessities such as socks, gloves and hats to be given away to homeless people.
Since its start in 2020, the Chip Bag Project has collected over 800,000 chip bags and, as of last December, created 110 sleeping bags.
“Every time we get a chip bag we’re taking something—something that’s not going into our water,” Oleita said.” And when we give somebody a bag, we’re giving warmth, and we’re helping a human life.
The Chip Bag Project is just the latest environmental project for Oleita. She has also worked with the Youth Energy Squad, a program that teaches students about environmental sustainability（可持续性）. One of her first large projects was creating a 6-foot-tall Minion character out of recycled plastic bottles.
“Before, I felt like environmental things were not topics for people like me,” Oleita said. “But now I believe that each of us can contribute to the future of the world by training people not to be careless with their things, and meanwhile, helping people in need.”
34. What gave Oleita the idea of the Chip Bag Project?
__________________________________
35. How long does it take to make a sleeping bag out of chip bags?
__________________________________
36. Why are the sleeping bags better than the cotton ones according to Oleita?
__________________________________
37. What is the Minion character created by Oleita made of?
__________________________________
38. Why is Oleita’s Chip Bag Project meaningful?
__________________________________
【34~38题答案】
【答案】34. A video gave her this idea.
35. About four hours.
36. Because the sleeping bags are waterproof, lightweight, and easy to carry around.
37. It is made of recycled plastic bottles.
38 Because it can contribute to the environment and help people in need at the same time.
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了一个名叫Chip Bag Project的公益项目，通过回收空薯片袋，为无家可归的人制作睡袋，既保护了环境，又帮助了需要帮助的人。
【34题详解】
根据“Oleita said the video gave her the idea of the Chip Bag Project.”可知一段视频给了她创造Chip Bag Project公益项目的想法。故填A video gave her this idea.
【35题详解】
根据“It takes about four hours to sew (缝) a sleeping bag”可知缝一个睡袋大约需要四个小时。故填About four hours.
【36题详解】
根据“They are waterproof, lightweight, and easy to carry around.”可知他们制作的睡袋防水、轻便且易于携带。故填Because the sleeping bags are waterproof, lightweight, and easy to carry around.
【37题详解】
根据“One of her first large projects was creating a 6-foot-tall Minion character out of recycled plastic bottles”可知Minion character是由可回收的塑料瓶制成的。故填It is made of recycled plastic bottles.
【38题详解】
根据“The Chip Bag Project is just the latest environmental project for Oleita”以及“and meanwhile, helping people in need”可知Chip Bag Project公益项目不仅可以为环境做出贡献，同时也可以帮助有需要的人。故填Because it can contribute to the environment and help people in need at the same time.
五、文段表达（10分）
从下面两个题目中任选一题,根据中文和英文提示,完成一篇不少于50词的文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。
39. 假如你是李华，你们学校英语角留言板本月的主题为“致我最想感谢的人”，请你用英语写一则留言，谈谈你最想感谢谁，以及你感谢他/她的理由。
提示词语：support, encourage, advice, helpful, patience
提示问题：Who do you want to thank?
Why do you want to thank him/her?
This is a thank-you note to ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【39题答案】
【答案】例文：
This is a thank-you note to Amy, my best friend in junior high school. I really want to thank her for her support and warm-heartedness.
At the beginning of junior high, I was shy and hardly made new friends. Amy was the first one to talk to me and our friendship started from there. She has been a helpful friend all the way through. She listens to me patiently whenever I have problems. She encourages me to be brave and speak out my thoughts. She gives me advice on my study and helps me make progress.
It is Amy that has made me a better person. I want to take this chance to thank her and wish this warm-hearted girl a bright future. Thank you again, Amy!
Li Hua
【解析】
【详解】1. 题干解读：题目要求围绕“致我最想感谢的人”写一则留言，根据提示问题和提示词语，讲述自己最想感谢的人以及理由。
2. 写作指导：此作文时态以一般现在时为主；采用第一人称和第三人称口吻；可采用三段式结构，第一段：阐述最想感谢的人是谁；第二段：阐述为什么感谢她/他；第三段：再次表达对她/他的感谢。保证内容完整，结构清晰条理。
40. “凡事预则立，不预则废。”
某英文网站正在开展主题为“做一个有准备的人”的征文活动。假如你是李华，请用英语写一篇短文投稿，谈谈是什么经历让你意识到准备的重要性，以及你从中获得的益处。
提示词语：competition, worried, improve, confidence, proud
提示问题：What experience taught you the importance of preparation?
Please describe it.
What benefits have you got from the experience?
Being prepared is important. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【40题答案】
【答案】例文：
Being prepared is important. I’ve learned it through my experience in the spelling competition last year. Never a straight A student, I was worried that I couldn’t bear the hard work needed in the first place. However, I devoted myself to the preparation, working on the difficult words. My vocabulary improved day by day. When the competition began, I was calm and confident. Words flowed naturally out of my lips. I won the competition, which was something I could never even dreamed of before.
The benefits of the experience are not only about honor and pride. More importantly, I’ve learned to break free from the negative thoughts and self-doubt deep inside. I’ve also realized that being prepared works miracles. All we have to do is to get fully prepared for whatever challenges that come along.
【解析】
【详解】1. 题干解读：题目要求围绕“做一个有准备的人”写一篇短文；根据提示问题和提示词语，结合自身经历，讲述准备的重要性。
2. 写作指导：此作文时态以一般现在时和一般过去时为主；采用第一人称口吻；可采用两段式结构，第一段：阐述让你意识到准备的重要性的一次经历；第二段：阐述你收获的益处。保证内容完整，行文流畅，结构清晰条理。