2022北京大兴初三一模英语（教师版）

2022北京大兴初三一模

英    语

第一部分

本部分共33题, 共40分。在每题列出的四个选项中, 选出最符合题目要求的一项。

一、单项填空(每题 0. 5 分,共 6 分)

从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中,选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

1. My aunt lives in a big city, but ________ spends most of the weekends on a farm.

A. he B. it C. she D. they

2. The World Wildlife Day falls ________ March 3rd every year.

A. on B. by C. at D. in

3. — ________ do you volunteer in the care home?

— Once a week.

A. How far B. How many C. How much D. How often

4. —Carl, ________ you play the piano?

—No, I can’t. But I am learning how to play it.

A. can B. must C. should D. need

5. Be careful, ________ you may cut your finger.

A. so B. or C. but D. for

6. Mount Hua and Mount Huang are both famous in China, but Mount Hua is ________ .

A. high B. higher C. highest D. the highest

7. —Look! What are the children doing on the playground?

—Oh, they ________ volleyball.

A. will practise B. are practising C. practised D. have practised

8. Tom ________ to learn Chinese 3 years ago, and now he can speak it well.

A. begin B. will begin C. are beginning D. began

9. Every year, many people from all over the world ________ the Summer Palace.

A. visit B. visited C. have visited D. was visiting

10. Mrs. Young ________ in Beijing since 2008. She loves this city.

A. lives B. was living C. has lived D. will live

11. Today, more and more families ________ to take part in community service.

A. encouraged B. encourage C. were encouraged D. are encouraged

12. —Could you please tell me ________?

—Next Friday afternoon.

A. when you held the birthday party B. when did you hold the birthday party

C. when you will hold the birthday party D. when will you hold the birthday party

二、完形填空（每题1分, 共8分）

阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。

Sacrifice

We got a HUGE task in PE class. HUGE! This was so big that Mr. Dover was basing half of our grades on it.

Here was the task. We were divided into groups of ____13____. One person stood on one side of the gym and the other three stood across from him or her. We had to get a baby doll across the gym floor to the fourth member on the other side. But we couldn’t just walk across the gym floor because we had to pretend(假装) the floor was full of crocodiles. And the baby doll couldn’t be dropped on the floor because we were supposed to pretend it was our most beloved baby. If the fourth member ____14____ to catch the baby doll, the team would not get any grade.

Many solutions we tried, but none of them ____15____ well without dropping the baby doll on the floor.

The class was almost over, but we were still not getting anywhere. And not even a team got any ____16____. Suddenly a word “sacrifice( 牺牲)” on a poster caught my eyes. Then I had an idea.

I quickly gathered all the baby dolls of each team and handed them to my team members. Then I walked directly into the center of the gym. After that, I asked my team members to walk to Hudson, who was standing on the other side of the gym. With all the dolls getting across, all the groups could get grades.

I announced, “ While all the crocodiles are busy ____17____ me, my team members could take all the baby dolls across the gym floor, and at the same time, all baby dolls will be safe and ____18____. ”

Mr. Dover was shocked. “ Jamie you are going to let the crocodiles eat you?

Doesn’t that mean you fail?”        

“I already failed,” I answered ____19____. “But now everybody else passes. And they can get their grades, right?”

Mr. Dover smiled. He said to the whole class “ She is right. The only solution to this task is for one member to ____20____ up everything for the rest of you. You got it, Jamie! And all of you will get A-plus!”

13. A. two B. three C. four D. five

14. A. failed B. decided C. managed D. refused

15. A. developed B. fit C. appeared D. worked

16. A. praise B. chance C. grade D. money

17. A. eating B. greeting C. pleasing D. touching

18. A. strong B. sound C. popular D. beautiful

19. A. unhappily B. calmly C. angrily D. regretfully

20. A. put B. save C. pick D. give

三、阅读理解（每题2分, 共26分）

阅读下列短文, 根据短文内容, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选择最佳选项。

A

Beijing is co-hosting the 2022 Winter Olympics and Paralympics with Zhangjiakou in Hebei province. From culture and food to tourism and the arts, we take you to some of the attractions in these areas for an unforgettable stay. Here are some of them.

21. What is the highlight of the Shougang Industrial Park?

A. The Shougang Big Air. B. The waterway.

C. The railways. D. The Yongding River.

22. Which one is named a 2020 Global Best Project?

A. The Shougang Big Air. B. Xinshougang Bridge.

C. Kappa Shougang Infinite Park. D. The Shang Brew.

23. All the attractions above are in the area of _________.

A. Yanqing, Beijing B. Shijingshan, Beijing

C. Zhangjiakou, Hebei D. Tangshan, Hebei

B

The Road Less Traveled

Pennsylvania is one of the oldest states in America, and its full of mysterious places! One of those places is an old highway that hasn’t been used for many years.

My dad loves history, and he learned that it was open to the public. So, when I was 14, we took a bike trip to explore this historic road!

My dad chose a 16-mile part of the road for us to ride. It included an old tunnel called Sideling Hill. This old tunnel is over a mile long!

To prepare, we checked our brakes(刹车) and made sure our bike lights had batteries(电池). My mom made us some sandwiches. She also gave us fruit and plenty of water. In the morning, we put our bikes into the trunk(后备箱) of the car. Then we set off.

After a two-hour drive, we reached the road. It was a cool afternoon in early fall. I didn’t think we would be much too hot. But our trip started with a long uphill climb!

As we came near to the Sideling Hill Tunnel, I felt nervous as it was very dark inside! But my dad encouraged me. He said he would be right beside me. He reminded me to stay careful and keep my light on!

When we entered the tunnel, the sound of our bikes echoed(回响) through the darkness. The air smelled unpleasant, like wet mud. And I felt like I was being watched! I was pretty scared, but focusing on following my dad helped me relax. After riding half-way through, I could see light coming from the other end of the tunnel. That gave me courage to keep going. And I was so happy to ride out into the bright afternoon!

Whenever I am going through difficulties in life, I remember this trip. It reminds me that my father is always beside me. He turns on the light of hope in my heart. And he gives me courage to keep riding through life’s dark tunnels.

24. Why did the father and son have the bike trip?

A. Because the tunnel was famous.

B. Because they both liked biking.

C. To explore this historic road.

D To travel to unknown places.

25. What was the weather like that afternoon?

A. Cold. B. Cool. C. Hot. D. Wet.

26. The writer remembers the trip because _________.

A. it was his most scaring experience

B. it was his first time to ride with his father

C. he had an accident when riding through the dark tunnel

D. his father’s encouragement lit the light of hope in his life

C

Get Stressed, Stay Young

For many years doctors have warned us about the dangers of stress and have given us advice about how to cut down our stress levels. Everyone agrees that long-term stress, for example having to look after someone who has a long-lasting illness, or stressful situations where there is nothing we can do, for example being stuck in a traffic jam, is bad for our health and should be avoided whenever possible. However, some medical experts now believe that certain kinds of stress may actually be good for us.

Dr. Kyriazis, an anti-ageing expert, explains that what he calls “good stress” is beneficial to our health and may, in fact, help us stay young and attractive and even live longer. Dr. Kyriazis says that “good stress” can strengthen our natural defenses which protect us from illnesses common among older people, such as Alzheimers, arthritis, and heart problems. He believes that “good stress” can increase the production of the proteins (蛋白质) that help to repair the body’s cells, including brain cells.

According to Dr. Kyriazis, running for a bus or having to work to a deadline are examples of “good stress”, that is, situations with short-term, low or middle level stress. The stress usually makes us react quickly and efficiently, and gives us a sense of achievement—we did it! However, in both these situations, the stress damages the cells in our body or brain and they start to break down. But then the cells own repair system “turns on” and it produces proteins which repair the damaged cells and remove harmful chemicals that can gradually cause disease. In fact, the body’s reaction is greater than what is needed to repair the damage, so it actually makes the cells stronger than they were before.

“As the body gets older, this self-repair function of the cells starts to slow down,” says Dr. Kyriazis. “The best way to keep the process working efficiently is to ‘exercise’ it, in the same way you would exercise your muscles to keep them strong. This means having a certain amount of stress in our lives.” Other stressful activities that Kyriazis suggests as being “good stress” include redecorating a room in your house over a weekend, packing your suitcase in a hurry to reach the airport on time, shopping for a dinner party during your lunch break or programming your DVD player by following the instruction manual (说明书).

So next time your boss tells you that she wants to see that report finished and on her desk in 45 minutes, don’t worry, just think of it as “good stress” which will have benefits for your long-term health!

27. Which of the following is bad for your health?

A. Having to work to a deadline sometimes.

B. Having to face a difficult situation for a short time.

C. Having to look after someone who has been ill for a long time.

D. Having to redecorate your room in your house over just a weekend.

28. Which of the following tells the main idea of Paragraph 2?

A. “Good stress” stops us from getting ill.

B. Young people suffer more from stress than older people.

C. How Dr. Kyriazis becomes so famous an anti-ageing expert.

D. Alzheimers is one of the illnesses many old people suffer from.

29. What can we learn from the passage?

A. Being in traffic jams is good for our health.

B. Situations that produce bad stress are always short-term.

C. People should avoid getting stressed as much as possible.

D. Our bodies need some stress to exercise our self-repair system.

D

In the last 25 years, the populations of monarch butterflies have reduced by hundreds of millions, according to the Wildlife Services Species report. The black and orange butterflies face insecticides（杀虫剂）, loss of milkweed—the plant monarchs lay eggs on and the caterpillars only food source, and habitat（栖息地） loss.

City people making a difference

The smaller population led Field Museum researchers in Chicago to ask: What makes a successful city monarch garden? Hasle an ecologist at the Field Museum, and Karen Klinger, a geographer, are working to answer that question. Many stops along the monarchs migratory（迁徙） route are taking an all-hands-on-deck way to help out the butterfly, looking for more places where milkweed might grow. “We think, in one way, cities are providing an important place for a lot of insects,” Hasle said. Although the project is still fairly new, there are already some findings. Unlike some other field work derailed by the COVID-19, the monarch project worked well with more people staying home to watch over their gardens.

According to the weekly reports participants（参与者） sent, more successful gardens had more milkweed and blooming plants or much larger fields. But Klinger said one participant with a single plant watched eggs change all the way to a chrysalis. So, she said, “You just need one plant.”

___________    

In 2020, during the second season of the study, the number of caterpillars dropped, even though the number of participants more than doubled.

Chicago saw a hot, dry summer in 2020, which may have affected the health of the milkweed plants. In 2021, the reports out of Mexico noted illegal logging（非法砍伐）, as well as trees hit by wind and drought. But they also said spring and summer weather conditions were hard for milkweed blossoms（开花） and egg development in the southern U. S., which limited reproduction.

Not giving up

Now is the perfect time to start planning to plant some milkweed, Hasle and Klinger said.

“The best thing to do is what you can do,” Hasle said. “One milkweed plant in a pot on your window board is doing something.” “Probably it gives you something to look forward to during the boring winter in Chicago.”

30. What does the writer want to tell us in Paragraph 1?

A. The life of monarch butterflies.

B. The plant monarchs lay eggs on.

C. The change of monarchs populations.

D. The result of Wildlife Services Species report.

31. The word “derailed” in Paragraph 3 probably means “_________”.

A. completed B. improved C. influenced D. reduced

32. Whats the best heading for Paragraph 5 and 6?

A. A great challenge B. Illegal logging

C. A bright future D. Fighting against drought

33. What is the writers purpose in writing this passage?

A. To encourage people to keep more monarchs.

B. To warn people the danger of the loss of milkweed.

C. To advise people to grow more flowers in their gardens.

D. To call on people to provide a better environment for monarchs.

第二部分

本部分共6题，共20分。根据题目要求，完成相应任务。

四、阅读表达（每题2分，共10分）

阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。

Eating Disorders

An eating disorder is a kind of illness in which a person does not eat in a normal or healthy way.

In the United States, restrictions for COVID-19(新冠管控) are loosening, however eating disorder cases are on the rise. Experts warn that being alone and feeling anxious can increase the harmfulness of eating disorders.

“We are certainly seeing great increases,” said Jennifer Wildes who is an associate psychiatry professor (精神病学副教授) at the University of Chicago Medicine. She told the reporter that some patients are waiting to five months to get mental health treatment and medical cares. Before COVID-19, she added, wait times were usually only a few weeks. Recently, Wildes’ program treats about 100 patients. Before COVID-19, the number of patients was half that number.

Another treatment program for eating disorders at the University of Minnesota is experiencing the same thing. Daily calls to its program from people asking for treatment have doubled. In 2019, there were about 60 calls a day. “Since COVID-19 began, that number is up to 130 calls a day,” said Jillian Lampert, who is one of the leaders of the program.

Because of COVID-19, some people make themselves eat a lot as a way to deal with the feeling of “out of control”. Other people are doing the opposite of things. They are taking the message of “don’t gain COVID-19 weight” too strictly. They are reducing their meals to the point of anorexia(厌食症). Bulimic (贪食) is also a kind of eating disorder. Bulimic people eat large amount of food and then force themselves to throw it up.

A study of electronic medical records from about 80 U. S. hospitals found a 30 percent increase of eating disorder starting after March 2020, compared with numbers from 2018 and 2019. The leader of the study, Dr. Dave Little said that the COVID pandemic has given society, and in particular young people, a lot of mental health difficulties.

Here are some signs of eating disorder from the U. S. National Eating Disorders Organization.

◎Thinking about weight, body size, and food too much.

◎Seem uneasy eating around others.

◎Restrictions against types of food, for example, bread or sugar.

◎Avoiding usual friends and social activities.

◎Extreme change in mood and behavior.

34. What is an eating disorder?

_______________________________

35. What can increase the harmfulness of eating disorders?

_______________________________

36. How many patients does Wildes’ program treat recently?

_______________________________

37. What are bulimic people like?

_______________________________

38. What do you think of eating disorders? What will you do?

_______________________________

五、文段表达（10分）

39. 从下面两个题目中任选一题，根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。

题目① 假如你是李华，一名北京的初三学生。你和你的英国网友 Jack 正通过电子邮件交流你们最近的阅读情况：你最近读过什么作品，它主要讲述了什么内容，和你喜欢这个作品的原因。

提示词语：Journey to the West, experience, adventure, interesting

提示问题：

● What story/poem/novel have you read recently?

● What does it mainly talk about? ● Why do you like it so much?

题目②

“成功真正的秘诀是兴趣”。良好的兴趣爱好不但可以帮助青少年扩展知识面，也可以丰富他们的业余生活。假如你是李华，你们班下周一有一个英语主题班会。请用英文写一篇发言稿，向同学介绍你的兴趣爱好，你经常参加哪些相关的活动，以及你从中获得了什么益处。 

提示词语：singing, practise, art festival, happiness  

提示问题：

● What’s your hobby?

● What kind of activities do you often take part in?

● What benefits do you get from it?

参考答案

第一部分

本部分共33题, 共40分。在每题列出的四个选项中, 选出最符合题目要求的一项。

一、单项填空(每题 0. 5 分,共 6 分)

从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中,选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

1. My aunt lives in a big city, but ________ spends most of the weekends on a farm.

A. he B. it C. she D. they

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】句意：我阿姨住在大城市，但她大部分周末都在农场度过。
考查代词辨析。he他；it它；she她；they他们。根据“My aunt”可知阿姨是女性，应用she代指，故选C。

2. The World Wildlife Day falls ________ March 3rd every year.

A. on B. by C. at D. in

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】句意：每年的3月3日是世界野生动物日。

考查介词。on表示在具体某一天；by表示到某时为止；at表示在几点钟；in表示在某年或某月。根据“March 3rd”可知，在3月3日，表示具体的日子，用介词on，故选A。

3. — ________ do you volunteer in the care home?

— Once a week.

A. How far B. How many C. How much D. How often

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】句意：—— 你多久在养老院做一次志愿者？——每周一次。

考查特殊疑问词。How far多远；How many多少；How much多少钱；How often多久一次。根据“Once a week.”可知问的是频率，故选D。

4. —Carl, ________ you play the piano?

—No, I can’t. But I am learning how to play it.

A. can B. must C. should D. need

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】句意：——卡尔，你会弹钢琴吗？——不，我不会。但是我正在学习怎样弹它。

考查情态动词词义辨析。can能，会；must必须；should应该；need需要。根据“No, I can’t.”可知对方问的是“会弹钢琴吗？” 故选A。

5. Be careful, ________ you may cut your finger.

A. so B. or C. but D. for

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】句意：小心，否则你会割破你的手指。

考查连词。so所以；or否则；but但是；for因为。结合句意，如果你不小心，你会割破你的手指，因此用连词or，故选B。

6. Mount Hua and Mount Huang are both famous in China, but Mount Hua is ________ .

A. high B. higher C. highest D. the highest

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】句意：华山和黄山在中国都是出名的，但是华山更高一些。

考查形容词比较级。根据“Mount Hua and Mount Huang are both famous in China”可知，是说华山和黄山，二者比较应用比较级。故选B。

7. —Look! What are the children doing on the playground?

—Oh, they ________ volleyball.

A. will practise B. are practising C. practised D. have practised

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】句意：——看！这些孩子正在操场上做什么？——哦，他们正在练习排球。

考查时态。practise“练习”，是动词，根据“What are the children doing on the playground?”可知，此处用现在进行时be doing，故选B。

8. Tom ________ to learn Chinese 3 years ago, and now he can speak it well.

A. begin B. will begin C. are beginning D. began

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】句意：汤姆三年前开始学汉语，并且现在他能说得很好。

考查一般过去时。根据“3 years ago”可知汤姆开始学汉语的动作发生在三年前，应用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故选D。

9. Every year, many people from all over the world ________ the Summer Palace.

A. visit B. visited C. have visited D. was visiting

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】句意：每年，来自世界各地的许多人参观颐和园。

考查一般现在时。visit参观，用于一般现在时；visited参观；用于一般过去时；have visited已经参观，用于现在完成时；was visiting正在参观，用于过去进行时。根据“Every year”可知，本句需用一般现在时，主语“many people from all over the world”是复数，动词需用原形。故选A。

10. Mrs. Young ________ in Beijing since 2008. She loves this city.

A. lives B. was living C. has lived D. will live

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】句意：杨女士自2008年以来一直住在北京。她爱这座城市。

考查时态。live“居住”，根据“since 2008”可知，此处用现在完成时，结构：have/has done。故选C。

11. Today, more and more families ________ to take part in community service.

A. encouraged B. encourage C. were encouraged D. are encouraged

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】句意：如今，越来越多的家庭被鼓励参加社区服务。

考查一般现在时的被动语态。encouraged鼓励；encourage鼓励；were encouraged被鼓励；are encouraged被鼓励。根据“Today”可知，本句需用一般现在时；主语“families”与谓语“encourage”是被动关系，需用被动语态。综合以上可知，本句需用一般现在时的被动语态，其谓语结构是are+done。故选D。

12. —Could you please tell me ________?

—Next Friday afternoon.

A. when you held the birthday party B. when did you hold the birthday party

C. when you will hold the birthday party D. when will you hold the birthday party

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】句意：——你能告诉我你们什么时候举行生日聚会吗？——下周五下午。

考查宾语从句。宾语从句用陈述语序，排除BD两项，根据“Next Friday afternoon.”可知，此处用一般将来时，故选C。

二、完形填空（每题1分, 共8分）

阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。

Sacrifice

We got a HUGE task in PE class. HUGE! This was so big that Mr. Dover was basing half of our grades on it.

Here was the task. We were divided into groups of ____13____. One person stood on one side of the gym, and the other three stood across from him or her. We had to get a baby doll across the gym floor to the fourth member on the other side. But we couldn’t just walk across the gym floor because we had to pretend(假装) the floor was full of crocodiles. And the baby doll couldn’t be dropped on the floor because we were supposed to pretend it was our most beloved baby. If the fourth member ____14____ to catch the baby doll, the team would not get any grade.

Many solutions we tried, but none of them ____15____ well without dropping the baby doll on the floor.

The class was almost over, but we were still not getting anywhere. And not even a team got any ____16____. Suddenly a word “sacrifice( 牺牲)” on a poster caught my eyes. Then I had an idea.

I quickly gathered all the baby dolls of each team and handed them to my team members. Then I walked directly into the center of the gym. After that, I asked my team members to walk to Hudson, who was standing on the other side of the gym. With all the dolls getting across, all the groups could get grades.

I announced, “ While all the crocodiles are busy ____17____ me, my team members could take all the baby dolls across the gym floor, and at the same time, all baby dolls will be safe and ____18____. ”

Mr. Dover was shocked. “ Jamie, you are going to let the crocodiles eat you?

Doesn’t that mean you fail?”        

“I already failed” I answered ____19____. “But now everybody else passes. And they can get their grades, right?”

Mr. Dover smiled. He said to the whole class, “ She is right. The only solution to this task is for one member to ____20____ up everything for the rest of you. You got it, Jamie! And all of you will get A-plus!”

13. A. two B. three C. four D. five

14. A. failed B. decided C. managed D. refused

15. A. developed B. fit C. appeared D. worked

16. A. praise B. chance C. grade D. money

17. A. eating B. greeting C. pleasing D. touching

18. A. strong B. sound C. popular D. beautiful

19. A. unhappily B. calmly C. angrily D. regretfully

20. A. put B. save C. pick D. give

【答案】13. C    14. A    15. D    16. C    17. A    18. B    19. B    20. D

【解析】

【导语】本文主要讲述了作者Jamie在内的一个四人小组在体育课遇到了一个难题，最终在作者的“自我牺牲”下最后成功完成任务的事。

【13题详解】

句意：我们被分成四个人一组。

two二；three三；four四；five五。根据“One person stood on one side of the gym, and the other three stood across from him or her.”可知，此处是四人一个小组。故选C。

【14题详解】

句意：如果第四名队员没能抓住娃娃，球队将不会得到任何分数。

failed失败；decided决定；managed管理；refused拒绝。根据“the team would not get any grade.”可知，队伍将不会得到任何分数，是因为第四名队员未能抓住娃娃。固定短语fail to do sth.“未能成功做某事”。故选A。

【15题详解】

句意：我们尝试了很多解决方案，但没有一个能在不把娃娃掉到地板上的情况下奏效。

developed发展；fit适合；appeared发现；worked奏效，产生预期的效果。根据“Many solutions we tried, but none of them...well”可知，此处是指尝试了很多解决方案，但是没有一个奏效。“work”符合语境。故选D。

【16题详解】

句意：甚至没有一支球队得到任何分数。

praise赞美；chance机会；grade分数；money钱。根据“the team would not get any grade.”可知，此处是指没有得到任何分数。故选C。

【17题详解】

句意：我宣布：“当所有的鳄鱼都在忙着吃我的时候，我的团队成员可以把所有的娃娃带到健身房的地板上，同时，所有的娃娃都会安然无恙。”

eating吃；greeting欢迎；pleasing（使）开心；touching触摸。根据“Jamie, you are going to let the crocodiles eat you?”可知，此处是指让鳄鱼“吃”我。故选A。

【18题详解】

句意：同时，所有的娃娃都会安然无恙。

strong强壮的；sound健康的；popular受欢迎的；beautiful漂亮的。根据“all baby dolls will be safe and...”可知，此处是指娃娃会安然无恙。固定短语safe and sound“安然无恙”。故选B。

【19题详解】

句意：“我已经失败了，”我平静地回答。“但现在其他人都通过了。他们也能拿到分数，对吗？”

unhappily不开心地；calmly平静地；angrily生气地；regretfully懊悔地。根据“I already failed,”以及“But now everybody else passes. And they can get their grades, right?”和上下文可知，作者主动提出让所有鳄鱼“吃掉”她自己，希望其他队员可以安然无恙，因此是平静地回答。“calmly”符合语境。故选B。

【20题详解】

句意：这个任务的唯一解决办法是让一个成员为你们其他人放弃一切。

put放置；save挽救；pick选择；give给。根据“...up everything for the rest of you.”可知，此处是指放弃所有东西。固定短语give up“放弃”。故选D。

三、阅读理解（每题2分, 共26分）

阅读下列短文, 根据短文内容, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选择最佳选项。

A

Beijing is co-hosting the 2022 Winter Olympics and Paralympics with Zhangjiakou in Hebei province. From culture and food to tourism and the arts, we take you to some of the attractions in these areas for an unforgettable stay. Here are some of them.

21. What is the highlight of the Shougang Industrial Park?

A. The Shougang Big Air. B. The waterway.

C. The railways. D. The Yongding River.

22. Which one is named a 2020 Global Best Project?

A. The Shougang Big Air. B. Xinshougang Bridge.

C. Kappa Shougang Infinite Park. D. The Shang Brew.

23. All the attractions above are in the area of _________.

A. Yanqing, Beijing B. Shijingshan, Beijing

C. Zhangjiakou, Hebei D. Tangshan, Hebei

【答案】21. A    22. B    23. B

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了北京将与河北省张家口共同举办2022年冬季奥运会和残奥会，并详细介绍了一些旅游景点。

【21题详解】

细节理解题。根据“Improvements to the park have helped the view along the waterway, linking railways and Shougang Industrial Park. The Shougang Big Air project is the highlight of it.”可知，公园的改善改善了沿河的景观，连接了铁路和首钢工业园。首钢大航空项目是其中的亮点。可见，首钢大航空项目是首钢工业园的亮点。故选A。

【22题详解】

细节理解题。根据“Xinshougang Bridge in Shijingshan was named a 2020 Global Best Projects winner by US industry magazine Engineering News-Recor”可知，石景山新首钢大桥被美国行业杂志《工程新闻记录》评为2020年全球最佳项目。故选B。

【23题详解】

推理判断题。根据“The Beijing Winter Olympic Park is located in Shijingshan district along the Yongding River.”、“Shang Brew views both Xiuchi Lake and Shijingshan Hill.”、“Xinshougang Bridge in Shijingshan”、“Kappa Shougang Infinite Park, Shijingshan, is a good place for extreme sports.”可知，这些景点均在北京的石景山。故选B。

B

The Road Less Traveled

Pennsylvania is one of the oldest states in America and its full of mysterious places! One of those places is an old highway that hasn’t been used for many years.

My dad loves history, and he learned that it was open to the public. So, when I was 14, we took a bike trip to explore this historic road!

My dad chose a 16-mile part of the road for us to ride. It included an old tunnel called Sideling Hill. This old tunnel is over a mile long!

To prepare, we checked our brakes(刹车) and made sure our bike lights had batteries(电池). My mom made us some sandwiches. She also gave us fruit and plenty of water. In the morning, we put our bikes into the trunk(后备箱) of the car. Then we set off.

After a two-hour drive, we reached the road. It was a cool afternoon in early fall. I didn’t think we would be much too hot. But our trip started with a long uphill climb!

As we came near to the Sideling Hill Tunnel, I felt nervous as it was very dark inside! But my dad encouraged me. He said he would be right beside me. He reminded me to stay careful and keep my light on!

When we entered the tunnel, the sound of our bikes echoed(回响) through the darkness. The air smelled unpleasant, like wet mud. And I felt like I was being watched! I was pretty scared, but focusing on following my dad helped me relax. After riding half-way through, I could see light coming from the other end of the tunnel. That gave me courage to keep going. And I was so happy to ride out into the bright afternoon!

Whenever I am going through difficulties in life I remember this trip. It reminds me that my father is always beside me. He turns on the light of hope in my heart. And he gives me courage to keep riding through life’s dark tunnels.

24. Why did the father and son have the bike trip?

A. Because the tunnel was famous.

B. Because they both liked biking.

C. To explore this historic road.

D. To travel to unknown places.

25. What was the weather like that afternoon?

A. Cold. B. Cool. C. Hot. D. Wet.

26. The writer remembers the trip because _________.

A. it was his most scaring experience

B. it was his first time to ride with his father

C. he had an accident when riding through the dark tunnel

D. his father’s encouragement lit the light of hope in his life

【答案】24. C    25. B    26. D

【解析】

【导语】本文主要讲述了作者14岁时，和父亲一起探索一条历史悠久的道路，并且作者认为是父亲的鼓励点燃了他生命中的希望之光。

【24题详解】

细节理解题。根据“So, when I was 14, we took a bike trip to explore this historic road!”可知父亲和儿子骑自行车旅行是为了探索这条历史悠久的道路。故选C。

【25题详解】

细节理解题。根据“It was a cool afternoon in early fall”可知天气很凉爽，故选B。

【26题详解】

细节理解题。根据“Whenever I am going through difficulties in life, I remember this trip. It reminds me that my father is always beside me. He turns on the light of hope in my heart.”可知作者之所以记得那次旅行，是因为父亲的鼓励点燃了他生命中的希望之光。故选D。

C

Get Stressed, Stay Young

For many years doctors have warned us about the dangers of stress and have given us advice about how to cut down our stress levels. Everyone agrees that long-term stress, for example having to look after someone who has a long-lasting illness, or stressful situations where there is nothing we can do, for example being stuck in a traffic jam, is bad for our health and should be avoided whenever possible. However, some medical experts now believe that certain kinds of stress may actually be good for us.

Dr. Kyriazis, an anti-ageing expert, explains that what he calls “good stress” is beneficial to our health and may, in fact, help us stay young and attractive and even live longer. Dr. Kyriazis says that “good stress” can strengthen our natural defenses which protect us from illnesses common among older people, such as Alzheimers, arthritis, and heart problems. He believes that “good stress” can increase the production of the proteins (蛋白质) that help to repair the body’s cells, including brain cells.

According to Dr. Kyriazis, running for a bus or having to work to a deadline are examples of “good stress”, that is, situations with short-term, low or middle level stress. The stress usually makes us react quickly and efficiently, and gives us a sense of achievement—we did it! However, in both these situations, the stress damages the cells in our body or brain and they start to break down. But then the cells own repair system “turns on” and it produces proteins which repair the damaged cells and remove harmful chemicals that can gradually cause disease. In fact, the body’s reaction is greater than what is needed to repair the damage, so it actually makes the cells stronger than they were before.

“As the body gets older, this self-repair function of the cells starts to slow down,” says Dr. Kyriazis. “The best way to keep the process working efficiently is to ‘exercise’ it, in the same way you would exercise your muscles to keep them strong. This means having a certain amount of stress in our lives.” Other stressful activities that Kyriazis suggests as being “good stress” include redecorating a room in your house over a weekend, packing your suitcase in a hurry to reach the airport on time, shopping for a dinner party during your lunch break or programming your DVD player by following the instruction manual (说明书).

So next time your boss tells you that she wants to see that report finished and on her desk in 45 minutes, don’t worry, just think of it as “good stress” which will have benefits for your long-term health!

27. Which of the following is bad for your health?

A. Having to work to a deadline sometimes.

B Having to face a difficult situation for a short time.

C. Having to look after someone who has been ill for a long time.

D. Having to redecorate your room in your house over just a weekend.

28. Which of the following tells the main idea of Paragraph 2?

A. “Good stress” stops us from getting ill.

B. Young people suffer more from stress than older people.

C. How Dr. Kyriazis becomes so famous an anti-ageing expert.

D. Alzheimers is one of the illnesses many old people suffer from.

29. What can we learn from the passage?

A. Being in traffic jams is good for our health.

B. Situations that produce bad stress are always short-term.

C. People should avoid getting stressed as much as possible.

D. Our bodies need some stress to exercise our self-repair system.

【答案】27. C    28. A    29. D

【解析】

【导语】本文主要描述压力分为长期压力和良好压力，长期压力对健康有害，但适当的良好压力对健康大有好处。

【27题详解】

细节理解题。根据“Everyone agrees that long-term stress, for example having to look after someone who has a long-lasting illness, or stressful situations where there is nothing we can do, for example being stuck in a traffic jam, is bad for our health and should be avoided whenever possible.”可知，长期的压力，例如不得不照顾长期生病的人，或者我们无能为力的压力情况，例如陷入交通堵塞，对我们的健康有害。故选C。

【28题详解】

段落大意题。根据“Dr. Kyriazis, an anti-ageing expert, explains that what he calls ‘good stress’ is beneficial to our health and may,...He believes that ‘good stress’ can increase the production of the proteins (蛋白质) that help to repair the body’s cells, including brain cells.”可知，本段主要给我们介绍了“良好的压力”的益处，它能帮助我们保持年轻、有魅力，活得更长，也能保护我们免受老年痴呆症、关节炎和心脏病等老年人常见疾病的伤害。故选A。

【29题详解】

推理判断题。根据“‘As the body gets older, this self-repair function of the cells starts to slow down,’ says Dr. Kyriazis. ‘The best way to keep the process working efficiently is to ‘exercise’ it, in the same way you would exercise your muscles to keep them strong. This means having a certain amount of stress in our lives.’”可知，随着身体变老，细胞的自我修复功能开始放缓，因此保持这个过程的最好方法是‘锻炼’它，就像你锻炼肌肉和保持强壮一样，这意味着我们的生活中要有一定的压力。因此可推断我们的身体需要一些压力来锻炼我们的自我修复系统。故选D。

D

In the last 25 years, the populations of monarch butterflies have reduced by hundreds of millions, according to the Wildlife Services Species report. The black and orange butterflies face insecticides（杀虫剂）, loss of milkweed—the plant monarchs lay eggs on and the caterpillars only food source, and habitat（栖息地） loss.

City people making a difference

The smaller population led Field Museum researchers in Chicago to ask: What makes a successful city monarch garden? Hasle, an ecologist at the Field Museum, and Karen Klinger, a geographer, are working to answer that question. Many stops along the monarchs migratory（迁徙） route are taking an all-hands-on-deck way to help out the butterfly, looking for more places where milkweed might grow. “We think, in one way, cities are providing an important place for a lot of insects,” Hasle said. Although the project is still fairly new, there are already some findings. Unlike some other field work derailed by the COVID-19, the monarch project worked well with more people staying home to watch over their gardens.

According to the weekly reports participants（参与者） sent, more successful gardens had more milkweed and blooming plants or much larger fields. But Klinger said one participant with a single plant watched eggs change all the way to a chrysalis. So, she said, “You just need one plant.”

___________    

In 2020, during the second season of the study, the number of caterpillars dropped, even though the number of participants more than doubled.

Chicago saw a hot, dry summer in 2020, which may have affected the health of the milkweed plants. In 2021, the reports out of Mexico noted illegal logging（非法砍伐）, as well as trees hit by wind and drought. But they also said spring and summer weather conditions were hard for milkweed blossoms（开花） and egg development in the southern U. S., which limited reproduction.

Not giving up

Now is the perfect time to start planning to plant some milkweed, Hasle and Klinger said.

“The best thing to do is what you can do,” Hasle said. “One milkweed plant in a pot on your window board is doing something.” “Probably it gives you something to look forward to during the boring winter in Chicago.”

30. What does the writer want to tell us in Paragraph 1?

A. The life of monarch butterflies.

B. The plant monarchs lay eggs on.

C. The change of monarchs populations.

D. The result of Wildlife Services Species report.

31. The word “derailed” in Paragraph 3 probably means “_________”.

A. completed B. improved C. influenced D. reduced

32. Whats the best heading for Paragraph 5 and 6?

A. A great challenge B. Illegal logging

C. A bright future D. Fighting against drought

33. What is the writers purpose in writing this passage?

A. To encourage people to keep more monarchs.

B. To warn people the danger of the loss of milkweed.

C. To advise people to grow more flowers in their gardens.

D. To call on people to provide a better environment for monarchs.

【答案】30. D    31. C    32. A    33. D

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。野生生物保护组织的物种报告结果显示帝王蝶数量骤减，文章从芝加哥居民花园的帝王蝶项目情况说明这一举措有助于保护帝王蝶，由此鼓励大家在自家花园种植乳草属植物来为帝王蝶提供更好的生存环境。

【30题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第一段“In the last 25 years, the populations of monarch butterflies have reduced by hundreds of millions, according to the Wildlife Services Species report”可知在野生生物保护组织的物种报告中，在过去的25年里，帝王蝶的数量减少了数亿只，由此可知这一段主要是说明这份报告的结果。故选D。

【31题详解】

词句猜测题。根据第二段“Unlike some other field work derailed by the COVID-19, the monarch project worked well with more people staying home to watch over their gardens”可知帝王蝶项目进行顺利，因为有更多的人可以待在家里照顾自家的花园，不像其他田园工作受到了新冠疫情的影响，说明derailed的同义词为influenced。故选C。

【32题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第五段“In 2020, during the second season of the study, the number of caterpillars dropped, even though the number of participants more than doubled.”可知这一段主要说明的是帝王蝶的数量骤减，可知这是一个巨大的挑战。故选A。

【33题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段“‘The best thing to do is what you can do,’ Hasle said. ‘One milkweed plant in a pot on your window board is doing something.’”可知作者鼓励大家在自家窗台种些乳草属植物，目的是为了帮帝王蝶提供一个更好的生存环境。故选D。

第二部分

本部分共6题，共20分。根据题目要求，完成相应任务。

四、阅读表达（每题2分，共10分）

阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。

Eating Disorders

An eating disorder is a kind of illness in which a person does not eat in a normal or healthy way.

In the United States, restrictions for COVID-19(新冠管控) are loosening, however eating disorder cases are on the rise. Experts warn that being alone and feeling anxious can increase the harmfulness of eating disorders.

“We are certainly seeing great increases,” said Jennifer Wildes who is an associate psychiatry professor (精神病学副教授) at the University of Chicago Medicine. She told the reporter that some patients are waiting to five months to get mental health treatment and medical cares. Before COVID-19, she added, wait times were usually only a few weeks. Recently, Wildes’ program treats about 100 patients. Before COVID-19, the number of patients was half that number.

Another treatment program for eating disorders at the University of Minnesota is experiencing the same thing. Daily calls to its program from people asking for treatment have doubled. In 2019, there were about 60 calls a day. “Since COVID-19 began, that number is up to 130 calls a day,” said Jillian Lampert, who is one of the leaders of the program.

Because of COVID-19, some people make themselves eat a lot as a way to deal with the feeling of “out of control”. Other people are doing the opposite of things. They are taking the message of “don’t gain COVID-19 weight” too strictly. They are reducing their meals to the point of anorexia(厌食症). Bulimic (贪食) is also a kind of eating disorder. Bulimic people eat large amount of food and then force themselves to throw it up.

A study of electronic medical records from about 80 U. S. hospitals found a 30 percent increase of eating disorder starting after March 2020, compared with numbers from 2018 and 2019. The leader of the study, Dr. Dave Little said that the COVID pandemic has given society, and in particular young people, a lot of mental health difficulties.

Here are some signs of eating disorder from the U. S. National Eating Disorders Organization.

◎Thinking about weight, body size, and food too much.

◎Seem uneasy eating around others.

◎Restrictions against types of food, for example, bread or sugar.

◎Avoiding usual friends and social activities.

◎Extreme change in mood and behavior.

34. What is an eating disorder?

_______________________________

35 What can increase the harmfulness of eating disorders?

_______________________________

36. How many patients does Wildes’ program treat recently?

_______________________________

37. What are bulimic people like?

_______________________________

38. What do you think of eating disorders? What will you do?

_______________________________

【答案】34. It is a kind of illness in which a person does not eat in a normal or healthy way.
   

35. Being alone and feeling anxious can increase the harmfulness of eating disorders.
   

36. About 100 patients.
   

37. Bulimic people eat large amount of food and then force themselves to throw it up.
   

38. I think eating disorders are harmful to health and should be treated in time. And I will call on the society to pay more attention to this problem.
 

【解析】

【导语】本文主要介绍了饮食失调这种疾病。

【34题详解】

根据“An eating disorder is a kind of illness in which a person does not eat in a normal or healthy way.”可知饮食失调是指一个人的饮食不正常或不健康的一种疾病。故填It is a kind of illness in which a person does not eat in a normal or healthy way.

【35题详解】

根据“Experts warn that being alone and feeling anxious can increase the harmfulness of eating disorders.”可知独处和焦虑会增加饮食失调的危害。故填Being alone and feeling anxious can increase the harmfulness of eating disorders.

【36题详解】

根据“Recently, Wildes’ program treats about 100 patients.”可知最近治疗了大约100个人，故填About 100 patients.

【37题详解】

根据“Bulimic (贪食) is also a kind of eating disorder. Bulimic people eat large amount of food and then force themselves to throw it up.”可知暴食症患者吃大量食物，然后强迫自己呕吐。故填Bulimic people eat large amount of food and then force themselves to throw it up.

【38题详解】

开放性作答，结合文章，言之有理即可，参考答案为I think eating disorders are harmful to health and should be treated in time. And I will call on the society to pay more attention to this problem.

五、文段表达（10分）

39. 从下面两个题目中任选一题，根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。

题目① 假如你是李华，一名北京的初三学生。你和你的英国网友 Jack 正通过电子邮件交流你们最近的阅读情况：你最近读过什么作品，它主要讲述了什么内容，和你喜欢这个作品的原因。

提示词语：Journey to the West, experience, adventure, interesting

提示问题：

● What story/poem/novel have you read recently?

● What does it mainly talk about? ● Why do you like it so much?

题目②

“成功真正的秘诀是兴趣”。良好的兴趣爱好不但可以帮助青少年扩展知识面，也可以丰富他们的业余生活。假如你是李华，你们班下周一有一个英语主题班会。请用英文写一篇发言稿，向同学介绍你的兴趣爱好，你经常参加哪些相关的活动，以及你从中获得了什么益处。 

提示词语：singing, practise, art festival, happiness  

提示问题：

● What’s your hobby?

● What kind of activities do you often take part in?

● What benefits do you get from it?

【答案】例文

题目①

There is no doubt that reading plays an important role in our life. I like reading very much, especially books about history, and benefit a lot from it.

Firstly, I gain plenty of knowledge about history which opens my eyes. Besides, through reading, I know a lot of famous people in our history. Their stories encourage me to face difficulties bravely. In a word, it’s meaningful for me to read books.

Reading can not only increase my knowledge and experience, but also help build my character.

题目②

Everyone has a dream. So do I. My dream is to be a teacher.

When I was a primary student, I was not good at English. Reading and writing are very difficult for me. Luckily, my English teacher encouraged me to be confident and helped me a lot. I practiced reading and writing during the whole year.

Finally, with his help, I did better in English and achieved success. From then on, I made up my mind to be a teacher like him. I hope to influence students in their life, too.

Now I will keep going and try my best to realize my dream.

【解析】

【详解】题目①

1.题干解读：该题目属于邮件作文写作，要求按照所给的要点提示写一篇短文，向你的英国网友 Jack 介绍你最近的阅读情况。注意写作时要点要齐全，同时也可进行合理而又紧扣主题的发挥。

2.写作指导：本文应该用第一、三人称来叙述；时态采用一般现在时；文章开头已给出，写作时，注意承接上文，根据要点提示具体你最近读过什么作品，它主要讲述了什么内容，和你喜欢这个作品的原因。文中一定要包含题干中列出的所有要点；可以运用一些短语和常用句型为文章增添色彩；注意单词书写的准确度，语法运用的准确度，上下文注意连接的流畅度，以及逻辑合理。

题目②

1.题干解读：该题目属于材料作文写作，要求按照所给的要点提示写一篇短文，向同学介绍你的兴趣爱好。注意写作时要点要齐全，同时也可进行合理而又紧扣主题的发挥。

2.写作指导：本文应该用第一、三人称来叙述；时态采用一般现在时和一般过去时；文章开头已给出，写作时，注意承接上文，根据要点提示具体介绍你的兴趣爱好，你经常参加哪些相关的活动，以及你从中获得了什么益处。；文中一定要包含题干中列出的所有要点；可以运用一些短语和常用句型为文章增添色彩；注意单词书写的准确度，语法运用的准确度，上下文注意连接的流畅度，以及逻辑合理。