专题02阅读理解（说明文）2023年高考英语三模试题分项汇编（全国通用）（原卷版）

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专题02 阅读理解（说明文）
(原卷版)



目录
1. 2023届安徽省皖豫名校联盟第三次联考试题
2. 2023届甘肃省武威市凉州区三模诊断试题
3. 2023届广西壮族自治区贵港市三模试题
4. 2023届广西壮族自治区河池市三模试题
5. 2023届河南省开封市三模试题
6. 2023届河南省新乡市高三三模试题
7. 2023届广西高中毕业班第三次联合调研试题
8. 2023届吉林省白山市高三三模英语试题
9. 2023届江西省景德镇市高三三模试题
10. 2023届内蒙古赤峰市八校高三试题
11. 2023届陕西省安康市高三三模试题
12. 2023届陕西省咸阳市高三三模试题
13. 2023届陕西省榆林市高三三模试题
14. 2023届四川省成都市第三次诊断试题
15. 2023届四川省大数据精准教学联盟三联试题
16. 2023届四川省德阳市高三三诊试题
17. 2023届安徽省皖南八校高三三联试题
18. 2023届新疆维乌鲁木齐市三模试题
19. 2023届浙江省温州市高三三模试题
20. 山东省聊城市2023年高三三检试题


1.【2023届安徽省皖豫名校联盟第三次联考试题】
Ask the new artificial intelligence (AI) tool ChatGPT to write an essay about the cause of the American Civil War and you can watch it produce a persuasive term paper in a matter of seconds that has even be enable to pass school exams. That’s one reason why New York City school officials this week started blocking the impressive but controversial writing tool that can generate paragraphs of human-like text. The free tool has been around for just five weeks but is already raising tough questions about the future of AI in education, the tech industry and a host of professions.
ChatGPT was launched on Nov. 30 and is part of a new generation of AI systems that can chat, generate readable text on demand and even produce novel images and video based on what they’ve learned from a vast database of digital books, online writings and other media. But unlike previous models of so-called “large language models”, such as Open AI’s GPT-3, launched in 2020, the ChatGPT tool is available to anyone with an Internet connection for free and designed to be more user-friendly. It works like a written dialogue between the AI system and the person asking it questions.
Millions of people have played with it over the past month, using it to write silly poems or songs, trying to trick it into making mistakes, or for more practical purposes such as helping compose an email.
As with similar systems, ChatGPT can generate convincing prose, but that doesn't mean what it says is factual or logical. Its launch came with little guidance on how to use it, other than a promise that ChatGPT will admit when it's wrong.
Many school districts are still struggling to figure out how to set policies on whether and how it can be used. “While the tool may be able to provide quick and easy answers to questions, it does not build critical-thinking and problem-solving skills, which are essential for academic and lifelong success,” said a school’s spokesperson Jenna Lyle from NYC． But there's no stopping a student from accessing ChatGPT from a personal phone or computer at home.
32．What can we learn about the term paper from paragraph 1?
A．It is a result of the improvement of education. B．It can be rated as passing by schoolteachers.
C．It has caught the attention of the public. D．It acts as a model for students to follow.
33．What makes Chat GPT different from GPT-3?
A．ChatGPT can create text. B．ChatGPT can edit digital books.
C．ChatGPT is free of charge to all. D．ChatGPT can ask its users questions.
34．What is Jenna's attitude towards students’ use of Chat GPT?
A．Favourable. B．Tolerant. C．Uncaring. D．Disapproving.
35．What is the best title for the text?
A．How Are Schools Handling Chat GPT?
B．You Can Check When ChatGPT’s Telling the Truth
C．What Is ChatGPT and Why Are Schools Blocking It?
D．Students Are Using ChatGPT to Do Their Homework

2.【2023届甘肃省武威市凉州区三模诊断试题】
Hundreds of little robots are rolling around colleges and cities in the United States, Britain and elsewhere. The robots, about 50 centimeters tall, are bringing food like pizza to hungry students.
The Starship robots were being tested in limited numbers before the pandemic started. But pandemic-related worker shortages and a desire for contactless delivery have expanded their use. “We saw demand for robot usage just go through the ceiling,” said Alastair. He is the head of Starship Technologies，whose robots recently made their 2 millionth delivery. “I think demand was always there, but it was brought forward by the pandemic effect.”
The Starship robots use cameras, sensors and GPS to move around and even cross streets on their own at the speed of 8 kilometers per hour. Operators keep watch on several robots at a time but they say they rarely need to stop or move them around a barrier. When a robot arrives, people enter a code from their phones to open the robot and get their food.
There are some limitations for now. The Starship robots have to be recharged regularly. They are slow and cannot travel far. They cannot leave food at the door. And big cities like New York and London are not welcoming them.
Maloney is the vice president at Domino’s Pizza. His company is testing robots from Nuro, a California-based company. The Nuro robots are about 1.8 meters tall and can travel at a top speed of 40 kilometers on streets, not sidewalks. Maloney said Nuro delivery costs more than using human drivers for now. But as the technology gets more popular, the costs will go down.
Witcher is a technology expert with Forrester. He said it is easy to get excited about robots. But they will need to prove to companies they are better than human delivery drivers. It is “the right time and place for companies considering robots to test them and learn from them and do their own evaluation.”
8．What does the underlined phrase “go through the ceiling” in par graph 2 mean?
A．Stay steady. B．Change quickly.
C．Increase rapidly. D．Decline gradually.
9．What can we learn about the Starship robots?
A．They are popular in large cities.
B．They can cross streets on their own.
C．They should be recharged frequently.
D．They travel at a speed of 18 km per hour.
10．What does Maloney think of Nuro delivery?
A．It is cheap. B．It is promising.
C．It isn’t fast enough. D．It isn’t worth testing.
11．Which statement will Witcher probably agree with?
A．Robots should be tested and evaluated.
B．Robots should be applied in villages soon.
C．Robots should be put into massive production.
D．Robots are less popular because of the pandemic.

3.【2023届广西壮族自治区贵港市三模试题】
Think of the last time you disagreed with another person. Maybe you argued with your brother over what to watch on TV. Or perhaps you tried to convince grownups that ice cream makes a better dinner than vegetables. How did your disagreement end? Were you able to see the issue from the other person’s viewpoint?
In many situations, disagreements are unavoidable. They’re part of life. In fact, many people look on them as opportunities to learn. They do so by trying to understand where both sides are coming from.
How can you understand both sides of an issue? Often, it’s best to start by asking questions. Questions help us learn about the world around us. The right questions can also help us learn about other people. In a disagreement, asking for more information can help you learn about a person’s viewpoint. Therefore, we might as well see something from the perspective (视角) of others.
When seeking to understand both sides of an issue, it’s important to know the difference between facts and opinions. Remember, facts are based on true information. Opinions can change from person to person. Paying attention to facts can stop prejudice from taking over in a disagreement. This can help everyone involved see both sides of the issue.
Maybe you’ re wondering why it’s important to understand both sides of ‘an issue, anyway. After all, don’t most people just want to prove that their side is right? Often, that’s true. However, understanding the whole issue can lead to both sides working together.
Disagreements may be uncomfortable at first. However, when both sides truly try to understand each other, they often find they have more in common than they thought. The next time you disagree with other people, try asking them questions about their viewpoint. You will surely learn a lot from doing so.
8．What does the underlined word “so” refer to in Paragraph 2?
A．Ignoring chances to learn. B．Knowing more about themselves.
C．Shaping a right way to see the world. D．Making the disagreements a chance to learn.
9．According to the passage, how can we solve a disagreement?
A．By changing the other’s opinion. B．By trying to stand in others’ shoes.
C．By making both sides comfortable. D．By telling facts and opinions apart.
10．How does the author support his view?
A．By reasoning. B．By making comparison.
C．By listing data. D．By raising questions.
11．What’s the the best title of the passage?
A．Disagreements Are Unavoidable. B．We Should Avoid Disagreements.
C．Let Disagreements Function Well. D．Disagreements Lead to Bad Result.

4.【2023届广西壮族自治区河池市三模试题】
Seagrass meadows(海草床) are wonder plants growing beneath the sea. They feed and shelter sea life and are masterful at storing carbon. Thanks to the assistance of tiger sharks, a huge seagrass meadow in the Bahamas Banks was recently discovered, offering the world a tool to fight climate change.
Seagrass has usually been detected by Earth-orbiting satellites that identify darker patches in the blue water. In this study, tiger sharks were selected as research tools due to their highly consistent associations with seagrass ecosystems. They spend 70% of their time in seagrass meadows. The team equipped eight tiger sharks with satellite tags (电子跟踪器), seven sharks with camera tags, and used a 360-degree camera on a shark for the first time ever.
The data researchers collected was astonishing. The world’s largest seagrass ecosystem, measuring at least 66,900 square kilometers, has been discovered. This reflects a 41% increase from previous estimates of global seagrass. Seagrass can capture (捕获) huge quantities of carbon by photosynthesis (光合作用) and stores it on the seafloor. In terms of climate change, this is excellent news; seagrass is 35 times faster a removing carbon than tropical rainforests. When referred to global seagrass carbon stock estimates, the study indicates that seagrass in the Bahamas may contain 19.2% to 26.3% of all the carbon stored in seagrass meadows on Earth.
Yet seagrass meadows are rapidly disappearing, with over 92% of meadows in the UK gone, according to the World Wildlife Fund. Scientists are collecting seeds and trying to grow new seagrass meadows through restoration projects. This new discovery offers optimism and proves the importance of the ocean for healing.
The sharks led us to the seagrass ecosystem in the Bahamas, which we now know is likely the most significant blue carbon sink(蓝色碳汇) on the planet. What this discovery shows us is that ocean exploration and research are essential for a healthy future. The untapped potential of the ocean is limitless. These meadows can be protected and can be replicated (复制,仿制), offering hope for climate change around the globe.
12．Why were tiger sharks chosen as research tools?
A．They are more flexible than other sea animals.
B．They can quickly adjust themselves to the deep sea.
C．They have a strong connection with seagrass ecosystems.
D．They can be easily equipped with experimental devices.
13．What are the numbers in paragraph 3 mainly about?
A．The decline of global seagrass meadows.
B．The impact of climate change on sea life.
C．The rapid increase in the amount of carbon on Earth.
D．The potential value of the world’s largest seagrass ecosystem.
14．What are scientists doing to protect seagrass?
A．Planting more seagrass meadows.
B．Developing new technology to collect seeds.
C．Mapping the distribution of seagrass meadows.
D．Encouraging people to join in restoration projects.
15．Which could be the best title for the text?
A．The New Way of Removing Carbon
B．The Significance of Ocean Exploration
C．A New Discovery: World’s Largest Seagrass Meadow
D．Tiger Sharks: Scientists’ Essential Helper to Study Climate

5.【2023届河南省开封市三模试题】
Recently, a big change quietly took place in agriculture. Yet neither drought nor frost is ever a concern for growers of plants currently grown inside large greenhouses. Vegetables are increasingly being grown indoors, using an advanced form of growing called controlled environment agriculture, a method that has the potential to help feed the planet, even while it threatens to further warm it.
Controlled environment agriculture has many advantages. Crops are not subject to unexpected extreme weather. Furthermore, these greenhouses can produce more food with fewer pesticides and less water. With computer-controlled temperatures and nutrients, the plants grow with less water and produce much higher yields. Above all, the produce can be bred for flavor, instead of for tolerance to heat, rain and long-distance transportation.
The carbon footprint of any given greenhouse tomato can vary quite a bit depending on energy sources, surrounding temperatures and natural light. But various studies have estimated that, on average, the production of a pound of tomatoes in an American or northern European greenhouse releases 3 to 3.5 pounds of carbon into the atmosphere. That is about 6 times the caron footprint of a field tomato, even taking into account the emissions from refrigerated trucks that often transport field vegetables hundreds or even thousands of miles to reach consumers. Greenhouses, by contrast, can be built near major population centers.
Nevertheless, in a rapidly warming world, should we be increasing agriculture’s contribution by moving some of it indoors? “We have little choice,” say advocates. “With the global population expected to grow by 25 percent to nearly 10 billion people by 2050,food production will need to increase by 60 percent to 100 percent. With freshwater supplies and land suitable for farming decreasing, and droughts getting worse due to climate change, where will this additional food come from?”
12．What does the underlined part “a big change” in paragraph 1 refer to?
A．The rapid increase of population.
B．The threatens of warming the planet.
C．The way to deal with natural disasters.
D．The tendency to grow vegetables indoors.
13．What does controlled environment agriculture mainly focus on?
A．Making crops taste good.
B．Planting crops with less water.
C．Growing crops in extreme weather.
D．Transporting crops from a long distance.
14．What do we know about American greenhouse tomatoes?
A．They are not high-yielding crops.
B．They are not really environmentally friendly.
C．They are grown far from population centers.
D．They are mainly exported to norther Europe.
15．Which of the following statements may the advocates agree with?
A．Greenhouse planting is a necessary temporizing measure.
B．Greenhouse planting is tailored for small-population nations.
C．Greenhouse planting can help spread the idea of healthy eating.
D．Greenhouse planting should be stopped from warming the world.

6.【2023届河南省新乡市高三三模试题】
March 3 is World Wildlife Day, an opportunity to celebrate the wonderful diversity of plants and animals on earth. This day also marks the 50th anniversary of an international agreement between governments to ensure the trading of wild animals and plants—which is estimated to be worth billions of US dollars globally—doesn’t threaten species’ survival.
The voluntary deal, called the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora(CITES), provides varying degrees of protection to more than 37,000 species globally. The text of the convention was agreed at a meeting on March 3,1973 and it came into force in 1975. It provides a framework for 184 participants to ensure sustain-able trading of wild species for products such as food, fur and medicines.
“Without CITES, we’d lack a vital mechanism to turn off the ever-flowing and sorrowful deal of species driven by market demand,” said Abigail Entwistle at conservation charity in a press release.
The mountain gorilla is one species benefiting from a total trade ban under CITES in partner ship with this charity. Since this began, the population size has risen fourfold to more than 1,000 individuals. The pygmy hippos(侏儒河马)are also protected by CITES. They are found in the forests and swamps of West Africa, with most living in Liberia. Recently, conservationists have confirmed that pygmy hippos have a wider distribution than previously thought.
Grenadines pink rhino iguana(犀牛鬣蜥)is a striking species, which is threatened by hunting, because it still lacks CITES protection. Since 2016, the charity has been working with local and international partners to protect this species. The important point is that it works. The charity says“a CITES listing would be the logical next step”to better protect its survival.
32．What is the purpose of the international agreement?
A．To earn profits for humans.
B．To ensure the diversity of wildlife.
C．To lower the trade barrier between countries.
D．To keep a balance between trade and species’ survival.
33．What does Abigail Entwistle say about CITES?
A．It reveals reasons for species declining.
B．It shows mechanism of conservation charity.
C．It contributes to species conservation on earth.
D．It drives people to research on species’ survival.
34．How does the author show the significance of CITES?
A．By providing examples. B．By making a summary.
C．By drawing comparisons. D．By explaining a concept.
35．What is the author’s attitude to the protection of Grenadines pink rhino iguana?
A．Optimistic. B．Objective.
C．Doubtful. D．Unclear.

7.【2023届广西高中毕业班第三次联合调研试题】
Humans have two different ages. There is chronological age(时序年龄), which measures how much time a person has spent on Earth, and then there is biological age, referring to how old a person seems. Many lifestyle factors like diet, exercise and psychological state can impact someone’s biological age.
A new study from Deep Longevity, the Chinese University of Hong Kong and Stanford University found that feelings that cause poor mental health like sadness, loneliness and general unhappiness add an extra 1.65 years to a person’s biological age. Meanwhile, smoking can add up to 1.25 years and suffering from restless sleep can add 0.44 years to a person’s biological age, according to the study.
As part of the study, researchers said they came up with a new “aging clock” based on data from 4,846 Chinese adults in 2015 as part of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS).
The data included 16 blood biomarkers like cholesterol and glucose levels as well as other health information like blood pressure, body mass index, lung function and sex.
Researchers compared the chronological age of CHARLS participants with the ages predicted by their new “aging clock.“ The results found that the new age was roughly 5.6 years older than the CHARLS participants’ actual ages. The team also found that smokers and those with a history of stroke, liver or lung disease were predicted to be older than the remaining 4,451 healthy adults in the cohort.
“Chronological age isn’t how old we really are,” said Professor David Sinclair, co-director of the Paul F.Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging at Harvard Medical School. We all age biologically at different rates according to our genes, what we eat, and how much we exercise. Biological age is what determines our health and ultimately our lifespan. Biological age is a number of candles we really should be blowing out. In the future, with advances in our ability to control biological age, we may have even fewer candles on our cake than the previous one.“
8．Which of the following has the biggest negative effect on our biological age?
A．Smoking. B．Poor sleep. C．Being married. D．Feeling lonely.
9．What’s Professor David Sinclair’s attitude to the future of human’s biological age?
A．Concerned. B．Indifferent. C．Optimistic. D．Ambiguous.
10．Where can the text be found?
A．In a novel. B．In a health magazine.
C．In a biography. D．In a travel brochure.
11．Which can be a suitable title for the text?
A．What Decides a Person’s Chronological Age.
B．What Adds Years to a Person’s Biological Age.
C．Chronological Age-How Old Are You Really?
D．Biological Age-You May Be Older than You Are.

8.【2023届吉林省白山市高三三模英语试题】
An inability to stand on one leg for 10 seconds in later life is linked to nearly double the risk of death from any cause within the next decade, according to a new study. The simple balance test may be useful to be included in routine physical exams for people in middle and old age, the research, which was published in British Journal of Sports Medicine, suggested.
While aging leads to a decline in physical fitness, muscle strength and flexibility, balance tends to be reasonably well-preserved until a person’s 50s, when it starts to decline relatively rapidly, the research noted. Previous research has linked the inability to stand on one leg to a greater risk of falls and to cognitive decline.
The study involved 1,702 people aged 51 to 75 living in Brazil, who were asked to balance unsupported on one leg during an initial check. Researchers told the participants to place the front of the free foot behind the standing leg, keep their arms by their sides and eyes. Fixed straight ahead. Up to three attempts on either foot were permitted.
The study participants had an average age of 61 and two-thirds of them were men. Around 1 in 5 failed to balance on one leg for 10 seconds at the initial checkup. Researchers monitored the participants after the initial checkup for a period of seven years, during which 7% of the people died. The proportion (比例)of deaths among those who failed the test (17.5%) was significantly higher than deaths among those who were able to balance for 10 seconds(4.5%).
The research was observational and didn’t reveal cause and effect. The study didn’t look at any possible biological mechanisms that might explain the link between poor balance and longevity.
The study noted that, overall, those who failed the test were in poorer health, with greater proportion of suffering from obesity, heart disease and high blood pressure. Diabetes was also more common among those who failed to complete the test.
12．What did the participants take during the research?
A．Vision examinations. B．Medical examinations.
C．Flexibility tests. D．Balance tests.
13．How did the researchers get the findings?
A．By calculating the participant numbers.
B．By comparing the participants’ lifetime.
C．By identifying the participants’ diseases.
D．By monitoring the participants’ pressure.
14．What was the research’s shortcoming?
A．It had few participants.
B．It didn’t last very long.
C．It lacked in-depth study.
D．It was the first research on balance.
15．What may be the best title for the text?
A．Balance determines a person’s lifetime
B．The balance test should be promoted to people
C．The ability to stand on one leg can reflect health levels
D．Being able to stand for 10 seconds means being healthy

9.【2023届江西省景德镇市高三三模试题】
Technology usually distracts us from nature. But now technology is “offering us an opportunity to listen to nonhumans in powerful ways, reviving our connection to the natural world,” wrote professor Karen Bakker in her new book, The Sounds of Life: How Digital Technology Is Bringing Us Closer to the Worlds of Animals and Plants.
All around the animal kingdom, there are sounds that we struggle to pick up and decipher. Elephants, for example, communicate with each other using infrasound (次声波), a sound frequency far below our human hearing range. Moreover, they even have their own ways to distinguish between threatening humans and non-threatening humans. Coral in the ocean also communicates with each other through sound waves, with one purpose being to attract baby coral to areas where it can successfully grow. This is a shocking fact as coral doesn’t have any ears! Scientists have placed listening devices in these environments to pick up sounds humans are normally unable to detect. After the sounds are recorded, AI is then able to determine their meaning, according to the news website Vox. There are now whole databases of whale songs and honeybee dances.
This technology can not only understand the animals, but also communicate back to them. For example, bees use dances to communicate to their peers where to go in search of nectar (花蜜). A research team in Germany, therefore, put the bee language AI database system into a robot bee, allowing the robot to create a dance routine that can tell the bees which direction to move, Vox reported. Whereas in the past language creation had been limited to mainly apes (类人猿), with there being many examples of chimpanzees(黑猩猩) having been taught sign language to communicate with humans, this new technology now allows humans to socialize with different animals throughout the animal kingdom.
12．How does the fact strike us that animals can communicate in their own way?
A．It’s amazing and unbelievable B．It’s strange and ridiculous
C．It’s attractive and reasonable D．It’s terrible and shocking
13．Which of the following statements is true according to paragraph 2?
A．Humans find it rather easy to interpret the sounds of animals.
B．Listening devices are placed so as to serve as ears for animals
C．Elephants are able to tell which humans are friendly to them.
D．Corals direct their babies to find food through sound waves.
14．What do we know from the last paragraph?
A．Bees use dances to search for their peers.
B．The robot bee is created to direct real bees.
C．Apes can communicate with humans naturally.
D．Language creation may be less limited in future.
15．What’s the best title of the passage?
A．AI changes our life in different ways B．AI lends us a chance to talk to animals
C．AI enables us to change nature greatly D．AI technology is a double-edged sword

10.【2023届内蒙古赤峰市八校高三试题】
A team of researchers at ETH Zurich has the perfect long-lasting solution to our fog problem. They have developed a very thin and gold-based transparent coating that can transform sunlight into heat, which can be applied to glass to prevent it from fogging.
The special coating is developed using titanium oxide (氧化钛) and gold particles. It selectively absorbs infrared (红外线的) radiations from the sunlight and creates a heating effect that is powerful enough to keep fog away from the surface of glass. The coating basically employs heat to stop fogging. The coating absorbs a large part of the infrared radiation, which causes it to heat up —by up to 8℃                   .
Previously, products like anti-fogging sprays create a very thin film of water on the surface to remove fog. The problem with such surfaces is pollution. Along with water, the sprays also soak up dirt, dust, oil, and various other dirty substances, and just a little dirt on the surface makes it useless. However, the new coating repels (排斥) water. Furthermore, the coating is significantly thinner, which makes it more transparent as well as flexible. It is heated passively and requires, during daytime, no additional energy source.
Gold might be expensive, but the researchers stress that their coating requires so little that the material costs remain low. Their coating is produced with standardized and readily scalable (可称量的) methods, all cost-effectively. However, although this product can work at very low levels of solar irradiation, it does rely on a certain amount of light.
The researchers will develop the coating further for other applications. In the process, they will examine whether other metals work just as well as gold. There is no need to fear, however, this would cause a car or a building to heat up more in the summer. The researchers have already filed a patent. Hopefully, this groundbreaking product will soon be available on the market.
12．How does the new coating work to remove fog?
A．By reflecting part of sunlight selectively.
B．By keeping cool air away from the object.
C．By creating a thin film of water on the surface.
D．By absorbing infrared radiations to heat the coating.
13．What does the underlined phrase “soak up” probably mean?
A．Attract. B．Sweep. C．Pile. D．Expand.
14．What is the limitation of the new coating?
A．It is considerably expensive.
B．It depends on sunlight to work.
C．It takes too much time to produce.
D．It is difficult to clean and maintain.
15．What is the text mainly about?
A．A new product was created to prevent fog on glass.
B．A perfect solution to our fog problems was found.
C．Researchers found some applications of anti-fogging products.
D．Researchers have perfected anti-fogging sprays.

11.【2023届陕西省安康市高三三模试题】
Are you preparing for a big test? If so, you may want to go play some basketball in between hitting the books. Doctors are starting to find more and more information that suggests a connection between exercise and brain development. Judy Cameron, a scientist at Oregon Health and Science University, studies brain development. According to her research, it seems that exercise can make blood vessels (血管), including those in the brain, stronger and more fully developed. Dr. Cameron claims this allows people who exercise to concentrate better. As she says, “while we already know that exercise is good for the heart, exercise can really cause physical changes in the brain.”
The effects of exercise on brain development can even be seen in babies. Babies who do activities that require a lot of movement and physical activity show greater brain development than babies who are less physically active. With babies, even a little movement can show big results. Margaret Barnes, a doctor, also believes in the importance of exercise. She thinks that many learning disabilities that children have in elementary school or high school can be traced back to a lack of movement as babies. “Babies need movement that encourages and excites their five senses. They need to establish a connection between motion and memory. In this way, as they get older, children will begin to connect physical activity with higher learning,” says Margaret.
Older people can develop their brains as well. Columbia University studied a group of seniors who have a short-term memory of up to 40 percent after exercising just three hours a week. The exercise does not have to be very difficult, but it does have to increase the heart rate. Also, just like the motion for babies, exercise for older people should not be too simple. Learning some new skills or actions, such as with yoga or tai-chi, helps to open up memory paths in the brain that may not have been used for a long time. For most people, any type of physical activity that increases the heart rate is helpful. The main goal is to increase the brain’s flow of blood. And your brain can benefit from as little as two to three hours of exercise a week.
12．What is the main idea of this reading?
A．How to exercise.
B．How exercise helps the brain.
C．How to get good scores on a test.
D．How the brain can change.
13．According to the reading, what is the connection between exercise and brain development?
A．Exercise helps make our blood vessels.
B．The brain needs special mental exercise.
C．The more exercise, the bigger the brain is.
D．Physical exercise helps us think better.
14．The smallest amount of exercise required to gain any benefit is .
A．three hours per week B．40 hours per week
C．three hours per day D．40 hours per month
15．Why is yoga recommended for seniors?
A．It is easy to remember. B．It can be done in groups.
C．It does not increase the heart rate. D．It includes learning new motions.

12.【2023届陕西省咸阳市高三三模试题】
If you have tried chatting with ChatGPT lately, you have probably been met with an “at capacity” error message at some point. The chatbot’s sudden huge popularity can make accessing the service pretty tricky. And while it’s fun to chat with the AI or even get it to write essays or take exams, some people want guaranteed access so they can use the chatbot for professional purposes.
Earlier this month, OpenAI announced that it may soon start offering a paid-for version of ChatGPT with an option called ChatGPT Professional. A waitlist that OpenAI posted to the server detailed what pro users might expect.
The professional offering, which OpenAI described as “experimental”, will be “always available,” offer “fast responses from ChatGPT,” and would provide “as many messages as you need.” The waitlist also noted that, if selected, OpenAI would reach out to you individually to set up a payment process and a pilot.
Now it seems like OpenAI has picked its early access users and they are sharing some insights. Zahid Khawaja, an early access user, shared a video on Twitter running a test prompt on the pro version that ran much quicker than the free version the rest of the public has access to. In the video, Khawaja showed his subscription cost, which comes in at $ 42 a month.
How OpenAI decided on $ 42 a month is yet to be revealed-perhaps it’s yet another Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy reference. However, in December Sam Altman, OpenAl’s chief executive said the average cost of each response was in “single-digits cents”, but he admitted it will need to charge the service eventually because of its “eye-watering“ compute costs. A recent agreement with Microsoft, which will see the software giant invest billions in OpenAI over the next few years, will also likely help.
Despite its popularity, ChatGPT isn’t the only AI chatbot on the market. The $ 42 a month price tag is causing some users to seek other alternatives that might be more cost effective and just as efficient.
12．What does the author think of having access to the service?
A．Not easy. B．Not good.
C．Not tough. D．Not slow.
13．Which of the following isn’t provided in the professional version of ChatGPT?
A．All-time availability.
B．Enough information.
C．Free subscription.
D．Faster response.
14．Why was the service charged in the end?
A．It is to be revealed next month.
B．It is customers’ requirements.
C．It needs Microsoft’s investment.
D．It needs very high running costs.
15．What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A．ChatGPT charges the lowest on the market.
B．ChatGPT will lose most of its access users.
C．ChatGPT may lose some targeted customers.
D．ChatGPT is more effective and efficient.
13.【2023届陕西省榆林市高三三模试题】
A new technique using drones (无人机) to count lions in the wild has been tested in Uganda. The drones were used by scientists from The University of Queensland, Australia, to get a more accurate idea of lion populations. At the moment, it is thought that there are between 20,000 and 30,000 wild lions left in Africa. However, the team’s recent findings suggest that there are far fewer lions in the wild than experts previously thought.
Alexander Braczkowski, the lead researcher, spent a year monitoring and filming the big cats in Uganda’s Queen Elizabeth Conservation Area. In this part of Africa, the lions have a habit of spending time lying around in trees. Using a drone, Braczkowski was able to get close to each one and take high-quality photos of its whisker (胡须) pattern. This was useful because each lion’s whisker pattern is unique. The team could then differentiate individual lions using the photos and be sure they were not counting individuals twice. Braczkowski says this is much more accurate than the current counting methods.
One common way to count lions in an area is to estimate the number in one small part of that area, according to how many lion tracks that researchers find. This number is then multiplied to calculate an estimate for how many lions are in the larger area. However, Braczkowski says this is not  as reliable as the new way because lions are not evenly spread out in the wild and the number of lions varies from area to area. Another is to go out at night and play the sound of a distressed prey animal, such as an antelope, through a loudspeaker. The lions are counted as they emerge to find out what the noise is. The trouble with this method is that re-searchers might count the same lions twice in the dark or miss some, because not all of them might appear.
Braczkowski says people should start using the drone method for counting. Knowing for certain how many lions are in the wild will allow conservationists to know where the big cats are and how to protect them best.
12．What does the research show?
A．The new technique remains to be tested.
B．The lions in Africa are more than thought.
C．The authenticity of lion populations is challenged.
D．The previous research findings are thoroughly right.
13．What does the underlined word “differentiate” in paragraph 2 mean?
A．Restrict. B．Defend.
C．Trick. D．Identify.
14．What is paragraph 3 mainly about?
A．The usage of the new way.
B．The strengths of the new way.
C．The reliability of the common ways.
D．The inaccuracy of the common ways.
15．What is the best title for the text?
A．Testing wild lions’ calculating ability
B．Effective measures to protect wild lions
C．Using drones to count lions in the wild
D．Scientific ways to predict the number of wild lions

14.【2023届四川省成都市第三次诊断试题】
Sending human travelers to Mars would require scientists and engineers to overcome a range of technological and safety obstacles. One of them is the enormous risk posed by particle radiation from the sun, distant stars and galaxies.
Answering two key questions would go a long way toward overcoming that: Would particle radiation pose too serious a threat to human life throughout a round trip to the red planet? And, could the very timing of a mission to Mars help protect astronauts from the radiation?
In a new article published in the journal Space Weather, an international team of space scientists with researchers from UCLA, answers those two questions.
That is, humans should be able to safely travel to and from Mars, provided that the spacecraft has adequate shielding (防护) and the round trip is shorter than approximately four years. And the timing of a human mission to Mars would indeed make a difference: The scientists determined that the best time for a flight to leave Earth would be when solar activity is at its peak, because the most dangerous and energetic particles from distant galaxies are deflected (偏移) during solar maximum.
Imaginably, the average flight to Mars takes about nine months, so it is reasonable that a human mission could reach the planet and return to Earth in less than two years,according to Yuri Shprits, a UCLA research geophysicist and co-author of the paper.:
“This study shows that although space radiation imposes (追使) strict limitations on how heavy the spacecraft can be and the time of launch, and it presents technological difficulties for human missions to Mars, such a mission is viable,” said Shprits, who also is head of space physics and space weather at GFZ Research Centre for Geosciences in Potsdam,Germany.
8．What are the two questions about?
A．Getting rid of the technological obstacles.
B．Making astronauts return from Mars safely.
C．Protecting astronauts from particle radiation.
D．Launching the spacecraft to Mars in shielding.
9．Which decides the time when humans fly to Mars?
A．The distance to stars. B．The length of the round trip.
C．The size of particles. D．The degree of solar activity.
10．What does the underlined word “viable” in Paragraph 6 mean?
A．Challenging. B．Workable. C．Rewarding. D．Affordable.
11．What is the best title for the passage?
A．Two Questions, a Help to Humans?
B．Particle Radiation, an Obstacle to Mars?
C．Travelling to Mars, an Impossible Mission?
D．A Round Trip to Mars, Technological Advance?

15.【2023届四川省大数据精准教学联盟三联试题】
In rural Tabasco, Mexico, a community of 50 3D printed homes is now under construction.
The US-based nonprofit New Story has teamed up with the tech company ICON to build the world’s first 3D printed neighborhood. It’s part of their project working to fight global homelessness.
Brett Hagler, the company’s CEO and co-founder, says the machine starts at the very bottom of the home, laying the cement (水泥) all the way to top where a roof is then placed. Start to finish, the entire process takes just 24 hours to print. The company hires local workers to attach the roof and doors, Hagler says.
Each 3D printed home will have two bedrooms, a living room, kitchen and bathroom. Families there are living for less than $3 a day. Each home can stand hurricanes and medium-level earthquakes, Hagler says. Being strong enough to stand natural disasters has a “generational influence,” he says, because families can pass the home down from generation to generation.
New Story started in 2010 after a disastrous earthquake ruined Haiti, leaving millions injured and homeless. Seeing the damage “broke my heart,” Hagler says. Therefore, he founded New Story to be able to face large disasters with new robotic technology that can quickly rebuild communities.
Now, using New Story’s printer, known as “Vulcan 2,” they are able to quickly build safe shelters. “Besides, we are free of exorbitant operation costs. We bring in the technology to make it faster, cheaper and eventually a better product,” Hagler says, “and then be able to have local labor to do other necessary jobs.”
Hagler says they don’t want to keep this innovation to themselves. After their project in Tabasco, they hope to service other nonprofits who are working toward ending global homelessness.
8．Why are these 3D printed homes built?
A．To reduce the unemployment. B．To help those who lost homes.
C．To reduce the losses in earthquake. D．To succeed in developing the company.
9．What makes it possible for the 3D printed home to be passed down?
A．The affordable price. B．The well-equipped design.
C．The ability to stand disasters. D．The technology used in construction.
10．What does the underlined word “exorbitant” in Paragraph 6 mean?
A．Costly. B．Average. C．Unusual. D．Reasonable.
11．What is the best title for this passage?
A．New Story: A Nonprofit with Advanced Technology
B．A New Style of Architecture Begins to Gain Popularity
C．World’s 1st 3D Printed Neighborhood Being Built in Mexico
D．3D Printing: A Technology That Makes Building Faster and Cheaper

16.【2023届四川省德阳市高三三诊试题】
These days, teens are heavily influenced by the media. Many of them have watched thousands of hours of TV. That’s 5-more time than they spend with teachers at school. And we haven’t yet considered the hours they spend using the internet and reading newspapers.
However, several studies have shown a serious problem:Today’s teens lack media literacy. In other words, they have difficulty critically thinking about the information they see. One study focused on middle school students. It found more than 80 percent of them couldn’t tell the difference between real news stories and ads that looked like news.
Stanford University professor Kevin John teaches a class called Media Effects. He tries to help his students learn media literacy. The Professor gave an example that shows why media literacy matters. In the example, two news stations report a snowstorm. One focuses on the terrible road conditions. The other focuses on kids playing in the snow. “With a news’ story, news stations tell you what they feel are the important details. These details largely depend on the opinions of the news director,” said John, “A person who has media literacy would realize that each story is about one aspect at one point in time. There is more going on.”
Some experts think School is the best place to teach media literacy. Others believe everyone from parents to journalists should help teens learn the skill.
As for the best time to start learning media literacy, many experts recommend the age of 12. But some basic ideas can be taught even earlier. “It’s never too early to start learning media literacy.” said John.
32．What can we know about teens today from paragraph 1?
A．They are willing to read newspaper at home.
B．They prefer watching TV to surfing the internet.
C．They spend more time watching TV than studying.
D．They are fond of surfing the internet better at school.
33．What is the main idea of paragraph 2?
A．Most of teens have trouble with reading.
B．Most of teens needs to practise thinking.
C．Most of teens are short of media literacy.
D．Most of teens lay stress on media effects.
34．What does the example given by professor imply?
A．There are many sides to a thing at one time.
B．Terrible road conditions cause inconvenience.
C．One’s media literacy depends on your attitude.
D．News details must be announced by news stations.
35．Which of the following statements does John agree with?
A．Parents have the responsibility to realize media literacy.
B．Teens should learn media literacy as early as possible.
C．The best age for children to learn is the age of 12.
D．Children can be taught better only at school.

17.【2023届安徽省皖南八校高三第三次大联考英语试题】
Modern life is full of things that can influence your ability to be sensitive and responsive to your child. These include extra work, lack of sleep, and things like mobile devices. Some experts are concerned about the effects that these things trigger off on emotional bonding and children’s language development, social interaction, and safety.
If parents are inconsistently available, kids can get distressed(苦恼的)and feel hurt, rejected, or ignored. They may have more emotional outbursts and feel alone. They may even stop trying to compete for their parent’s attention and start to lose emotional connections to their parents.
“There are times when kids really do need your attention and want your recognition. Parents need to communicate that their kids are valuable and important, and children need to know that parents care what they’re doing,” explains Crnic, a psychologist. “Kids start to regulate their own emotions and behavior around age three. Up until then, they depend more on you to help them regulate their emotions, whether to calm them or help get them excited,” he adds.
Dr. Carol Metzler, who studies parenting at the Oregon Research Institute, explains, “They’re watching you to see how you do it and listening to how you talk to them about it. Parents need to be good self-regulators. You’re not only trying to regulate your own emotions in the moment, but helping your child learn to manage their emotions and behavior. It can be tough to respond to your kids with sensitivity during tantrums(精神痛苦), arguments, or other challenging times. If parents respond by being bad-tempered or aggressive(攻击性的)themselves, children can copy that behavior, and a negative cycle then continues to upgrade.”
As kids become better at managing their feelings and behavior, it’s important to help them develop coping skills, like active problem solving. Such skills can help them feel confident in handling what comes their way.
12．Which of the following can replace the underlined words “trigger off”?
A．Set off. B．Burst into.
C．Consist of. D．Dive for.
13．Why does Metzler think it tough to respond to kids sensitively in Paragraph 4?
A．Because kids are unable to make out their parents’ arguments.
B．Because parents are too sensitive to train kids to be aggressive.
C．Because kids can not copy their parents’ behavior on these occasions.
D．Because parents have to control their feelings and teach it to their kids.
14．What’s the text mainly about?
A．Parents should not be bad-tempered in front of their kids.
B．Parents should consistently develop their problem solving skills.
C．Parents should engage with kids and respond to them positively.
D．Parents should continuously upgrade their language and emotions.
15．What will the writer probably talk about next?
A．The way to train kids to be confident.
B．The way to train kids’ abilities to deal with matters.
C．The way to train kids to self-regulate their emotions.
D．The way to train kids’ abilities to be sensitive and responsibe.

18.【2023届新疆维乌鲁木齐市三模试题】
Before every show, Beyonce listens to the same playlist, performs stretches, and meditates (冥想) for precisely one hour. This is part of her per-performance ritual (仪式) .
Rituals help to structure our lives. People perform group rituals that mark significant social events and stages such as singing at birthday parties and celebrating at weddings. Individuals also have personalized rituals that help to organize their days, such as getting that morning cup of juice, performing a bedtime routine, or stretching before going on stage.
Research shows that rituals can help us enjoy experiences. Researchers from the University of Minnesota and Harvard found that enacting a ritual enhanced how much people enjoyed eating chocolate. Before having participants eat a chocolate bar, the researchers asked participants to perform a ritual by breaking the chocolate bar in half without removing the wrapper, then unwrapping only half of the bar and eating it, and finally unwrapping the other half and eating it. Compared to people who simply relaxed before eating the chocolate, those who had performed the ritual reported that the chocolate was more flavorful. Rituals appear to heighten how involved we are in our experiences.
Rituals can also help reduce anxiety and improve performance. In a 2020 study, researchers asked participants to engage in a task of singing a popular song in front of an experimenter, aiming to cause anxiety. Before singing, some participants just sat quietly while they waited, but others were asked to perform a ritual. The results showed that compared to participants who had sat quietly before singing, those who performed the ritual reported being less anxious and sang the song more accurately using the correct volume, key, and note duration. If you think Beyoncé performs well at her concerts, maybe her ritual has something to do with it.
We can include rituals into countless aspects of our lives. We can light a candle at the end of the workday to improve how much we enjoy our leisure time. We can regularly visit locations that are special to us to de-stress and feel more in control. We can meditate before important tasks to reduce our anxiety and improve our performance. The choice is ours.
12．Which of the following is an example of group rituals?
A．Applauding at the end of a concert. B．Putting a family photo in the purse.
C．Buying a bunch of flowers for oneself. D．Taking a deep breath before a performance.
13．According to the text, what made the chocolate more flavorful?
A．Removing the wrapper. B．Breaking it into halves.
C．Relaxing before eating. D．Ritualizing the eating process.
14．What can we infer about rituals from the study in 2020?
A．They help ease people’s tension. B．They make people find inner peace.
C．They give inspiration for new songs. D．They are essential for singing songs.
15．What does the author advise us to do?
A．Have more leisure time. B．Decrease travel frequency.
C．Bring rituals into our lives. D．Balance work and pleasure.

19.【2023届浙江省温州市高三三模试题】
Human responses to moral dilemmas (两难选择) can be influenced by statements written by the artificial intelligence chatbot ChatGPT, according to a study published in Scientific Reports. The findings indicate that users may underestimate the extent to which their own moral judgments can be influenced by the chatbot.
Sebastian Krigel and colleagues asked ChatGPT multiple times whether it is right to sacrifice (牺牲) the life of one person in order to save the lives of five others. They found that ChatGPT wrote random statements arguing both for and against sacrificing one life, indicating that it is not biased towards a certain moral stance (立场).
The authors then presented 767 U.S. participants, who were on average 39 years old, with a dilemma whether to sacrifice one person’s life to save five others. Before answering, participants read a statement provided by ChatGPT arguing either for or against sacrificing one life to save five. Statements were from either a moral advisor or ChatGPT. After answering, participants were asked whether the statement they read influenced their answers.
Eighty percent of participants reported that their answers were not influenced by the statements they read. However, the authors found that the answers participants believed they would have provided without reading the statements were still more likely to agree with the moral stance of the statement they did read than with the opposite stance. This indicates that participants may have underestimated the influence of ChatGPT’s statements on their own moral judgments.
The authors suggest that the potential for chatbots to influence human moral judgments highlights the need for education to help humans better understand artificial intelligence. They propose that future research should design chabots that either decline to answer questions requiring a moral judgment or answer these questions by providing multiple arguments and warnings.
12．What are ChatGPT’s answers to a certain moral stance?
A．Inconsistent. B．Valuable. C．Creative. D．Simple.
13．What is learned about the participants?
A．They admitted the power of ChatGPT.
B．They were interviewed by a moral advisor.
C．They were affected by ChatGPT unknowingly.
D．They were presented with different moral dilemmas.
14．What is the last paragraph mainly about?
A．Different findings of the study. B．Future potentials for chatbots.
C．Major focuses of future education. D．Solutions to the impact of chatbots.
15．Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A．ChatGPT Tends to Cause Moral Panics B．ChatGPT: Is It Likely to Affect Our Life?
C．ChatGPT:Why Is It Making Us So Nervous? D．ChatGPT Can Influence Human Moral Judgments

20.【山东省聊城市2023年高三三检试题】
Many retirees spend time playing games like crossword puzzles, and social games like chess. These games keep people thinking and give their brains a good workout. But can they really help improve memory?
The idea of using games that are specifically designed to brain training is very complicated, but research published in The Cambridge University Press has found that brain games certainly make people think and use acquired skills.
Brain games sharpen certain thinking skills like short-term memory decision making, planning skills, and reaction time according to Dr. Julie Brody-Magid, clinical director of the Memory Disorders Assessment Clinic at Harvard-affiliated McLean Hospital. Many of these skills decrease as people age,especially after retirement,
“Learning to use your brain in response to other forms of stimulation can help strengthen valuable mental skills, which older people continue to need and rely on every day,” Brody-Magid said. The best way to build up cognitive (认知的) reserve is to stay physically active, especially when you age, by taking care of your health by eating right and managing chronic diseases like high blood pressure, and diabetes. All of these go hand-in-hand with playing brain games.“In this way, participating in brain games actually can help with cognition, but it’s a team effort,” said Brody-Magid. “You can’t do it by doing crossword puzzles alone.”
So, if you want to mix it up and combine different types of brain boosting games, here’s a selection from Very Well Mind. Sudoku, a number placement game, relies on short-term memory and concentration. Crossword puzzles are the classic brain game that revolves around long-term memory and knowledge. You can also find them in newspapers and books. If you prefer online games, you can check out Braingle, a free site that has over 15,000 puzzles, riddles, and more. You can even create your own puzzles to get your creative juices flowing too.
So, play some brain games to exercise your brain cells and harvest all of the benefits.
12．What is the purpose of the games in paragraph 2?
A．To train brain. B．To improve creativity.
C．To work out physically. D．To get relaxed.
13．How can older people acquire strong mental power according to Brody-Magid?
A．By only staying physically active.
B．By exercising their brain frequently.
C．By participating in more team work.
D．By stimulating their cognitive ability.
14．What does the author suggest doing to improve your creative ability?
A．Relying on Sudoku.
B．Doing crossword puzzles.
C．Checking out Braingle.
D．Designing puzzles in person.
15．What is the text mainly about?
A．The elderly should play more games than the young.
B．Brain games help people solve complicated problems.
C．Playing brain games helps improve your memory.
D．Crossword puzzles hold the secret of your creativity.