2022-2023学年河南省实验中学高一下学期期中考试英语试题含解析

这是一份2022-2023学年河南省实验中学高一下学期期中考试英语试题含解析，共31页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。
 河南省实验中学2022——2023学年下期期中试卷
高一英语
(时间：120分钟，满分：150分)
第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A, B, C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Why does the man talk to the woman?
A. To ask for permission.
B. To send an invitation.
C. To make an appointment.
2. What did the man do last night?
A. He watched a movie.
B. He did some reading.
C. He saw a play.
3. What time will the speakers meet?
A. At 4:00 pm.
B. At 4:10 pm.
C. At 4:15 pm.
4. Which bus stop should the woman go to?
A. The one beside the hospital.
B. The one by the train station.
C. The one in front of the bookshop.
5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Mother and son.
B. Sister and brother.
C. School friends.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A, B, C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where are the speakers probably?
A. At home.
B. In the school.
C. In the hospital.
7. What does the man want to do on Friday?
A. Train with his teammates.
B. Do a medical test.
C. Watch a football match.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. A lecture.
B. A job.
C. A trip.
9. What did the woman say about Smith?
A. He was patient.
B. He was amusing.
C. He was knowledgeable.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Who is making the cake for Sally?
A. James.
B. Chris.
C. Amy.
11. Where is the woman probably going tomorrow?
A. The supermarket.
B. The theatre.
C. The restaurant.
12. What will Claire do for the party?
A. Prepare some juice.
B. Decorate the house.
C. Plan the music.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. When was the woman able to swim?
A. At age 6.
B. At age 8.
C. At age 10.
14. What did the woman say was lucky for her?
A. Joining the special wildlife program.
B. Being a researcher for a TV company.
C. Studying marine biology at university.
15. What did the woman think of making the latest series?
A. It was boring.
B. It was funny.
C. It was difficult.
16. What did the man miss doing when filming in Antarctica?
A. Getting together with family.
B. Going out with friends.
C. Getting close to animals.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. When will the students start classes?
A. Next Monday.
B. Next Tuesday.
C. Next Wednesday.
18. How much should non-member students pay for each visit to the sports center?
A. ￡7.
B. ￡9.
C. ￡12.
19. What will the students do at 4: 00 pm today?
A. Visit the cafe.
B. See their teachers.
C. Choose their courses.
20. What should the students hand in next week?
A. Their photos.
B. Their ID cards.
C. Their registration forms.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Enjoy the beauty of summertime in Music City with these can’t-miss events.
June 18 Exhibition of elegance
The family-friendly event shows over 40 amazing cars ranging from the early to mid-twentieth century to be admired while you enjoy live music, local food, and more. Rounding out the fun-filled weekend is an 11-mile Tour d’ Elegance cruising (巡游) that car enthusiasts of all ages can enjoy.
Cheekwood Estate & Gardens; times vary; cheekwood.org
June 25 Monster Jam
Fans will witness pulse-pounding competitions among 12 skilled athletes fighting for the championship title. Before the main event, monster (怪物) truck lovers can take part in the popular Monster Jam Pit Party fan experience to see the huge trucks up close, meet the drivers, and take some photos to enjoy the family-friendly fun.
Nissan Stadium; 7 p. m.; monsterjam.com
June 26 Cochon 555’s Heritage Fire
The event will tour throughout nine cities nationwide and is devoted to the art, science, and technique of cooking sustainably sourced or locally produced food materials prepared by some of the top chefs in the country. With several unique cooking methods on show, there is a taste to satisfy every tongue.
Loews Vanderbilt Hotel Nashville; 5:45-8:00 p. m.; heritagefiretour.com
July 17 MayWe All
The highly expected world premiere (首映) of the musical arrives in Music City. MayWe All tells the story of Jenna Coates, a small-town girl who returns home after her big-city music career ends where she revisits her past to find a path to the future. The musical features songs from some of the country’s biggest stars including Brooks&Dunn, Chris Stapleton, and many more.
TPAC’s James K. Polk Theater; times vary; tpac.org
1. What do the events on June 18 and June 25 have in common?
A. Car exhibitions.
B. Live music.
C. Family-friendly events.
D. Championship competitions.
2. What’s the character of MayWe All?
A. It is about parenting education.
B. Its producer is Chris Stapleton.
C. It presents a kind-hearted girl.
D. Its songs are from many famous stars.
3. Where will a cooking-lover go?
A. Nissan Stadium.
B. TPAC’s James K.Polk Theater.
C. Cheekwood Estate Gardens.
D. Loews Vanderbilt Hotel Nashville.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在音乐城享受夏日的美景，可以参加一些不可错过的活动。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据June 18 Exhibition of elegance中“The family-friendly event shows over 40 amazing cars ranging from the early to mid-twentieth century to be admired while you enjoy live music, local food, and more.”（这个家庭友好的活动展示了40多辆从20世纪早期到中期的神奇汽车，让你在享受现场音乐、当地美食等的同时欣赏。）以及June 25 Monster Jam中“and take some photos to enjoy the family-friendly fun.”（并拍摄一些照片，享受家庭友好的乐趣。）可知，6月18日和6月25日的活动的共同之处是都有家庭的既定活动。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据July 17 MayWe All中“The musical features songs from some of the country’s biggest stars including Brooks&Dunn, Chris Stapleton, and many more.”（这部音乐剧的歌曲来自美国一些最大牌的明星，包括布鲁克斯和邓恩、克里斯·斯台普顿等。）可知，MayWe All的特点是它的歌曲来自许多著名的明星。故选D项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据June 26 Cochon 555’s Heritage Fire中“The event will tour throughout nine cities nationwide and is devoted to the art, science, and technique of cooking sustainably sourced or locally produced food materials prepared by some of the top chefs in the country. With several unique cooking methods on show, there is a taste to satisfy every tongue.”（该活动将在全国9个城市巡回演出，并致力于由该国一些顶级厨师准备的可持续来源或当地生产的食物材料的烹饪艺术，科学和技术。这里展示了几种独特的烹饪方法，每一种口味都能满足你的口味。）以及“Loews Vanderbilt Hotel Nashville; 5:45-8:00 p. m.;”（纳什维尔Loews Vanderbilt酒店；下午5:45-8:00）可知，烹饪爱好者会去纳什维尔Loews Vanderbilt特酒店。故选D项。
B
Felix “Andarin” Carvajal was a born runner. As a boy, he spent his childhood running up and down nearby hills. Years later, as a postman, Carvajal became well-known in the city of Havana, and finally, he began to put his fame to use for donations, so he might represent Cuba as a marathon runner at the 1904 Summer Olympics in St. Louis, Missouri. At the time, there was no state support for Olympic athletes in Cuba.
But even with the money, Carvajal nearly didn’t make it there. His journey to the Games took him first to New Orleans, where he lost all the money he had saved up for the trip. In a foreign city, Carvajal began to walk north up along the Mississippi River to St. Louis. It was hundreds of miles, but between walking and hitching (搭便车) rides, he was able to reach St. Louis in time for his event.
It was August in St. Louis and Carvajal stood in the staging area, hungry and out of shape and tired. Carvajal took off to a commanding early lead despite the fact that he had not eaten for two days. Carvajal had never particularly believed in pacing himself. Carvajal was mostly self-trained and his ideas about running had always been straightforward: to run far and run fast and run until you can’t go anymore. But 26.2 miles is a long distance. Carvajal was reported to have picked and eaten five green apples while running and became badly ill with a stomachache. Miraculously, Carvajal managed to return to the race and finish in fourth place.
The 1904 Olympics was the peak of Carvajal’s international career. But he remained a runner for the rest of his life. At 55 years old, Carvajal ran the entire length of Cuba along the country’s main highway, a distance of nearly 700 miles. Toward the end of his life, he performed a short running demonstration (演示). “This is to show you that I still run.” he told the crowd.
4. What did Carvajal use his fame to do?
A. Get a job as a postman.
B. Inspire more people to run.
C. Support professional athletes in Cuba.
D. Raise money for his trip to the Olympics.
5. What happened to Carvajal according to paragraph 2?
A. He lost all his money.
B. He got lost in a foreign city.
C. He traveled round New Orleans.
D. He walked to the Mississippi River.
6. What did Carvajal believe in?
A. Keeping pace with most runners.
B. Running fast from the beginning.
C. Speeding up in the middle of a race.
D. Running at an average speed all through a race.
7 Which of the following words can best describe Carvajal?
A. A man devoted to charity.
B. A runner born for medals.
C. An Olympic athlete always in need.
D. A man always on the move.
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. B 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是热爱运动的Carvajal坚持跑步的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Years later, as a postman, Carvajal became well-known in the city of Havana, and eventually, he began to put his fame to use,seeking out donations so he might represent Cuba as a marathon runner at the 1904 Summer Olympics in St. Louis, Missouri. At the time, there was no state support for Olympic athletes in Cuba.（多年以后，作为一名邮递员，卡瓦哈尔在哈瓦那市声名鹊起，最终，他开始利用自己的名声，寻求捐款，以便在密苏里州圣路易斯的1904年夏季奥林匹克运动会上代表古巴参加马拉松比赛。当时，古巴没有国家对奥运会运动员的支持。)”可知，在Carvajal出名后，Carvajal利用自己的名声为自己能代表古巴参加1904年夏季奥林匹克寻求捐款。故选D项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“But even with the money, Carvajal nearly didn’t make it there. His journey to the Games took him first to New Orleans，where he lost all the money he had saved up for the trip.（但即使有了钱，卡瓦哈尔也差点没能到达那里。他的奥运之旅首先把他带到了新奥尔良，在那里他失去了所有为这次旅行积攒的钱。）”可知，在去参加奥运会的途中，他首先去了奥尔良，在那里他失去了所有为这次旅行积攒的钱。故选A项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Carvajal was mostly self-trained and his ideas about running had always been straightforward: to run far and run fast and run until you can’t go anymore.（卡瓦哈尔基本上是自学成才，他对跑步的想法一直很直接：跑得远，跑得快，跑到你再也跑不动为止。）”可知，在Carvajal看来，跑步就是跑得远，跑得快，跑到你再也跑不动为止，即他认为从一开始就要跑的快。故选B项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。纵观全文，文章一开始提到天生爱跑步的Carvajal在自己成名后，他利用自己的名声为自己能代表古巴参加1904年夏季奥林匹克寻求捐款。随后的内容提到了他在奥运会上获得了第四名的成绩，这成为了他运动生涯的巅峰，此后在他的余生中，他一直是一名跑步者。55岁时，Carvajal跑完了整个古巴，直至他生命的最后，他依旧做了一个简短的跑步演示，以此告诉人们，他还在坚持跑步，所以我们可以说Carvajal是个一直在跑步的人，选项D项符合题意。故选D项。
C
For many centuries, the city of Utrecht in the Netherlands was protected by a defensive wall and canal (运河). But over time, the wall began to fall down. The area was then transformed (转变) into a park surrounding the city center. As for the canal, a plan was set forth to transform it into a new ring road. Since the community reacted strongly against the proposal, the ring road was never built.
In 2002, the local community wished to recover the canal. This began a long-term restoration project for the park and canal, which was designed in partnership with Utrecht’s residents and OKRA Landscape Architects. The specific part of the canal that was under restoration is called the Catharijnesingel. The project was made up of a 1,100-meter-long stretch, and required about 40,000 cubic meters of water to refill the canal.
OKRA’s design for the new layout of the canal and park features three main interventions (干预措施). Firstly, the park forms a buffer (缓冲带) between the residential and commercial areas of the city. It promotes interaction with nature by providing citizens with green and blue spaces that provide relaxation. This includes space to run and exercise in the park and row and paddleboard in the canal. Further, the dock (码头) along the waterfront is the perfect connection between the green and blue zones.
The redesign of the Catharijnesingel also promotes traffic flow. Pedestrians (行人) are the top choice, and they are given their own paths where possible. Meanwhile, a new walking track has been set up along the canal. It leads exercisers through the park, alongside various art installations (雕塑装置) and seating areas, and provides visitors with views of the city. Furthermore, the landscape architects included design elements from the original landscape architect, J. D. Zocher, to create a public space that bridges its historical design with the city center.
In addition, OKRA included strategies to promote biodiversity. By introducing a variety of adaptive plant species, the park has become a home for small animals, birds and insects within the city. Through their interventions, OKRA transformed the historic site into a healthy space where humans and other organisms co-exist peacefully.
8. What made the plan to change the canal into a road fail?
A. Shortage of money.
B. Its possible harm to nature.
C. The disagreement from the community.
D. The difficulty in preserving its historic features.
9. What can we learn about OKRA’s design from paragraphs 3 and 4?
A. It is human-centered.
B. It features traditional local culture.
C. Mechanical equipment is widely used.
D. Eco-friendly materials are used.
10. Which of the following best describes the restoration project?
A. Costly.
B. Debatable
C. Commercial.
D. Successful.
11. What is the purpose of the text?
A. To promote harmony between man and nature.
B. To introduce a restoration project.
C. To show ways to transform a city.
D. To tell the history of a canal.
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. D 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了荷兰的乌得勒支的居民和OKRA景观建筑师合作设计的一个公园和运河的长期修复项目，通过实施这个设计方案，这个公园和运河改造成了一个健康的空间，人类和其他生物在这里和平共存。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句话“Since the community reacted strongly against the proposal, the ring road was never built.(由于社区对这一提议反应强烈，环城公路从未修建。)”可知，环城公路没有修建是因为遭到社区居民的强烈反对。故选C项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“It promotes interaction with nature by providing citizens with green and blue spaces that provide relaxation.This includes space to run and exercise in the park and row and paddle board in the canal.(它通过为市民提供绿色和蓝色的空间来促进与自然的互动。这包括在公园里跑步和锻炼的空间，以及在运河里划船和桨板的空间。)”以及第4段的第二句话“Pedestrians are the top choice, and they are given their own paths where possible.(行人是首选，并且在可能的情况下给他们自己的道路。)”可知，这个修复项目充分考虑了居民的出行，运动和休闲，体现了以人为本的设计理念。故选A项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“By introducing a variety of adaptive plant species, the park has become a home for small animals, birds and insects within the city.Through their interventions, OKRA transformed the historic site into a healthy space where humans and other organisms co-exist peacefully.(通过引入各种适应性植物物种，公园已成为城市中小型动物、鸟类和昆虫的家园。通过他们的干预，OKRA将这个历史遗址改造成了一个健康的空间，在这里人类和其他生物和平共存。)”可知，通过改造，人和动物在这个公园一带和谐相处，共生共长，说明改造很成功。故选D项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章的主旨大意“荷兰的乌得勒支的居民和OKRA景观建筑师合作设计的一个公园和运河的长期修复项目，通过实施这个设计方案，这个公园和运河改造成了一个健康的空间，人类和其他生物在这里和平共存。”可知，本文的写作目的是在向读者介绍一个公园和运河的修复方案。故选B项。
D
Pandas are famously picky eaters. They only consume bamboo — a poor quality diet low in fat. But the creatures appear to have evolved to get the most out of what they do eat, according to a new study.
Their gut (肠道) bacteria change in late spring and early summer when bamboo is at its most nutritious — while protein-rich green shoots are coming out. The bacteria make the panda gain more weight and store more fat, which researchers said may compensate for a lack of nutrients later in the year, when bamboo plants have only fibrous leaves to chew.
“We’ve known these pandas have a different set of gut microbiota during the shoot-eating season for a long time, and it’s very obvious that they are chubbier during this time of the year,” said lead study author Guangping Huang, a researcher for the Institute of Zoology at the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
To investigate how the gut bacteria could affect a panda’s digestion, the team first collected the wastes of eight wild giant pandas in China’s Qinling Mountains during both leaf eating season and shoot-eating season and then examined how the waste samples differed. They found a bacterium called Clostridium butyricum was more abundant in the pandas’ guts during the season when they enjoy the fresh bamboo shoots.
To understand whether this bacterium helps the pandas gain and store weight, the researchers put the panda wastes they collected into lab mice. Then they fed the mice for three weeks with a bamboo-based diet that simulated (模仿) what pandas eat. Researchers found the mice which were transplanted with panda wastes collected during shoot-eating season gained significantly more weight than the ones which were not, despite consuming same amount of food.
“The gut bacteria were the only variable (变量) in this research,” Wei explained. However, Felix Sommer at Christian-Albrechts-University in Kiel, Germany, noted the number of pandas studied was small and that the experiment had only been performed once. Sommer also stressed the researchers had found a link, not a causal relationship between the bacteria and weight gain.
12. When do pandas get more weight with the change of their gut bacteria?
A. In late spring. B. In late summer. C. In early autumn. D. In early winter.
13. What does the underlined word “chubbier” in paragraph 3 mean?
A Smaller. B. Slimmer. C. Taller. D. Fatter.
14. What can we learn from the experiment on mice?
A. The experiment lasted for less than three weeks. B. Researchers collected bacteria from the lab mice.
C. Panda wastes have a vital effect on mice’s weight. D. Different amounts of food led to an increase in weight.
15. What is the best title for the text?
A. Studies on Eating Habits of Pandas B. Functions of Pandas’ Gut Bacteria
C. Characteristics of Pandas’ Daily Diet D. Arguments over Pandas’ Digestion System
【答案】12. A 13. D 14. C 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述大熊猫的肠道细菌可以帮助他们吸收竹子中的营养。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Their gut (肠道) bacteria change in late spring and early summer when bamboo is at its most nutritious — while protein-rich green shoots are coming out. The bacteria make the panda gain more weight(它们的肠道细菌会在春末夏初发生变化，此时正是竹子最富营养的时候——富含蛋白质的嫩芽正在长出来。这种细菌使熊猫增加更多体重)”可知，大熊猫在春末和夏初的时候会增加更多体重。故选A。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段“We’ve known these pandas have a different set of gut microbiota during the shoot-eating season for a long time, and it’s very obvious that they are chubbier during this time of the year(我们已经知道，这些大熊猫在食笋季节有不同的肠道微生物群，很明显，它们在每年的这个时候都是chubbier)”可知，chubbier是形容词，用来描述大熊猫在食笋季节的一个特点。根据第二段“Their gut (肠道) bacteria change in late spring and early summer when bamboo is at its most nutritious — while protein-rich green shoots are coming out. The bacteria make the panda gain more weight(它们的肠道细菌会在春末夏初发生变化，此时正是竹子最富营养的时候——富含蛋白质的嫩芽正在长出来。这种细菌使熊猫增加更多体重)”可知，大熊猫在春末和夏初的时候会吃很多的笋，体重会增加更多，所以chubbier应该是“更胖的”意思。故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“Researchers found the mice which were transplanted with panda wastes collected during shoot-eating season gained significantly more weight than the ones which were not, despite consuming same amount of food.(研究人员发现，尽管摄入了相同数量的食物，但是在吃笋季节收集到的熊猫粪便移植到小鼠身上的小鼠比没有移植的小鼠体重增加明显的多)”可知，熊猫粪便对小鼠的体重有很大的影响。故选C。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Pandas are famously picky eaters. They only consume bamboo — a poor quality diet low in fat. But the creatures appear to have evolved to get the most out of what they do eat, according to a new study.(熊猫是出了名的挑食者。它们只吃竹子——一种低脂肪的劣质食物。但是根据一项新的研究，这种生物似乎已经进化到能从它们的食物中获得最多的东西)”和第二段“Their gut (肠道) bacteria change in late spring and early summer when bamboo is at its most nutritious — while protein-rich green shoots are coming out. The bacteria make the panda gain more weight and store more fat, which researchers said may compensate for a lack of nutrients later in the year, when bamboo plants have only fibrous leaves to chew. (它们的肠道细菌会在春末夏初发生变化，此时正是竹子最富营养的时候——富含蛋白质的嫩芽正在长出来。这种细菌使熊猫增加更多体重，储存更多脂肪，研究人员说，这可能弥补今年晚些时候营养物质的缺乏，因为那时竹子只有纤维叶可以咀嚼)”可知，这篇文章主要讲述影响大熊猫营养吸收的肠道细菌。故选B。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Amazing Benefits of Listening to Music
If you love listening to music, you’re good company. ___16___
★Music makes you happier.
When you listen to music, your brain produces a special matter. It biologically (生物学上) causes listeners to feel emotions like happiness, excitement, and joy. So next time you need an emotional increase, listen to your favorite tunes for 15 minutes.
★___17___
Listening to music you enjoy reduces levels of the stress in your body. This is an important finding since stress causes many illnesses. To stay calm and healthy during a stressful day, turn on the radio.
★Music helps you sleep better.
A study showed that students listening to classical music for 45 minutes slept better than students who did nothing. If you’re having trouble sleeping, try listening to a little Bach or Mozart before bedtime.
★Music helps you eat less.
___18___If you’re looking for ways to reduce your appetite (食欲), try dimming the lights and listening to soft music next time you sit down for a meal.
★Music strengthens learning and memory.
Researchers discovered that music can help you learn and recall information better ___19___ Memorize these results. You now have a strategy to study more effectively for your next test.
★Music raises IQ and school performance.
Research shows that taking music lessons predicts higher school performance and IQ in young children. ___20___
A. Music lowers stress and improves health.
B. Participants who were musicians learned better with light music.
C. Musical training can help raise our IQs and even keep us sharp in old age.
D. Here are amazing scientifically proven benefits of being attracted by music.
E. Recent research shows that listening to music improves our happiness.
F. Softening the lighting and music can lead people to eat fewer calories and enjoy their meals better.
G. To help your children achieve excellence in their studies, encourage them to sing or learn to play an instrument.
【答案】16. D 17. A 18. F 19. B 20. G
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。音乐不仅能陶冶情操还有益于身心发展。本文具体说明了听音乐对人的益处。
【16题详解】
由下文列举的几个小标题“Music makes you happier. Music helps you sleep better. Music helps you eat less. Music strengthens learning and memory. Music raises IQ and school performance. Music lowers stress and improves health.”可知，音乐让你更快乐。音乐能让你睡得更好。音乐帮助你少吃一些。音乐增强学习能力和记忆能力。音乐能提高智商和在校表现。音乐能减轻压力，提高健康。所以小题1处于总说段落，所以在总说听音乐的益处，然后在具体分说音乐的益处。故D选项“以下是科学证明喜欢听音乐会有惊人的益处”符合句意。故D选项切题。
【17题详解】
由“Listening to music you enjoy reduces levels of the stress in your body. This is an important finding since stress causes many illnesses. To stay calm and healthy during a stressful day, turn on the radio”可知，听你喜欢的音乐可以减轻你身体的压力。这是一个重要的发现，因为压力会导致许多疾病。为了在充满压力的一天保持冷静和健康，打开收音机吧。所以本段主要说明音乐可以减轻压力，提高健康也就是小题2本段小标题所要说明的内容。故A选项“音乐可以减轻压力，提高健康”符合句意。故A选项切题。
【18题详解】
由本段的小标题“Music helps you eat less”可知，音乐帮助你少吃一些。所以，小题3所说的内容应该与主题保持一致。故F选项“把灯光和音乐变柔和可以使人们摄取更少卡路里，更好地享受他们的餐食”符合句意。故F选项切题。
【19题详解】
由“Researchers discovered that music can help you learn and recall information better.”可知，研究人员发现，音乐可以帮助你更好地学习和回忆信息。所以小题4要具体说明一下参与者所取得的效果。故B选项“作为音乐家的参与者在轻音乐方面学习得更好”符合句意。故B选项切题。
【20题详解】
由“Research shows that taking music lessons predicts higher school performance and IQ in young children”可知，研究表明，上音乐课可以预测孩子在学校的表现和智商。所以小题5是作者基于音乐对年轻孩子的IQ和学校表现的积极影响，所提出的建议。故G选项“为了帮助你的孩子在学习上取得优异成绩，鼓励他们唱歌或学习演奏乐器”符合句意。故G选项切题。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The Adams’ home has been taken over by origami (折纸艺术) in all sizes and shapes. No one seems to ___21___ that though. Those paper creations are ___22___ clean water projects around the world and saving lives. A messy home is a small price to pay ___23___.
In 2011, Isabelle Adams and her sister Katherine learned that every five seconds a child died from ___24___ of clean water and that girls of their age couldn’t go to school ___25___ they were fetching water all day for their families. They___26___ to do something.
“So we took something that we loved doing－folding origami, with the ___27___ goal to help fund a well in Ethiopia,” explains Katherine. ___28___, they ended up selling out of origami and raising more than 10,000 which could fully ___29___ the cost of the well.
Katherine, now 13, adds, “It just snowballed, ____30____ the founding of the project Paper for Water.” In eight years, this project has ____31____more than 2 million dollars for over 200 water projects in 20 different countries.
Now, the rest of the Adams family are also ____32____. But at the heart of it, under countless paper decorations sit two brave sisters hoping to____33____ other girls and boys. “Kids have an unbelievable ability to make a real ____34____ to the world if they’re just given the chance,” Isabelle says, “and if people ____35____ them in their efforts.”
21. A. mind B. prevent C. appreciate D. remember
22. A. decorating B. rewarding C. attracting D. funding
23. A. in exchange B. in turn C. in return D. in response
24. A. damage B. loss C. shortage D. waste
25. A. although B. because C. unless D. while
26. A. proved B. determined C. happened D. demanded
27. A. lifelong B. personal C. original D. achievable
28. A. Obviously B. Unexpectedly C. Suddenly D. Gradually
29. A. spend B. cut C. bury D. cover
30. A. responding to B. depending on C. contributing to D. focusing on
31. A. saved B. borrowed C. earned D. collected
32. A. included B. praised C. recognized D. employed
33. A. satisfy B. inspire C. inform D. comfort
34. A. judgment B. sense C. difference D. connection
35. A. support B. persuade C. welcome D. award
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. B 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲的是Isabelle Adams和她的妹妹Katherine得知世界上每五秒钟就有一名儿童死于缺乏清洁水，而同龄的女孩因为整天为家人取水无法上学之后，通过折纸的行为来为挖水井而募集资金，家里的其他成员在他们的带动下也加入了这一行动的故事。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但似乎没人介意。A. mind介意；B.prevent阻止；C. appreciate感激；D. remember记住。根据下文“Those paper creations are ___2___ clean water projects around the world and saving lives. A messy home is a small price to pay ___3___ .”可知，Adams一家通过折纸的行为来为挖水井而募集资金，以此来帮助缺水儿童的行为，所以即使她们家已经被各种大小和形状的折纸占领了，她们也并不介意。故选A项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些纸制品正在资助世界各地的清洁水项目，拯救生命。A. decorating装饰；B. rewarding奖励；C. attracting吸引；D. funding资助，出资。根据后文“clean water projects around the world and saving lives”可知这些纸制品正在资助世界各地的清洁水项目，拯救生命。故选D项。
【23题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：一个凌乱的家是一个小小的交换。A. in exchange作为交换；B. in turn反过来；C. in return作为报答；D. in response作为答复。根据前文“Those paper creations are ___2___ clean water projects around the world and saving lives.”可知因为折纸而凌乱的家换来的是这些折纸资助世界各地的清洁水项目，拯救生命。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：2011年，Isabelle Adams和她的妹妹Katherine得知，每五秒钟就有一名儿童死于缺乏清洁水，同龄的女孩无法上学，因为她们整天为家人取水。A. damage损害；B. loss损失；C. shortage缺少；D. waste浪费。根据后文“they were fetching water all day for their families.”可知女孩整天为家人取水，可推知是缺乏清洁水。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：2011年，Isabelle Adams和她的妹妹Katherine得知，每五秒钟就有一名儿童死于缺乏清洁水，同龄的女孩无法上学，因为她们整天为家人取水。A. although尽管；B. because因为；C. unless除非；D. while当……时候。根据空后“they were fetching water all day for their families. They ___6___ to do something.”可知此处表示这些同龄女孩无法上学的原因是她们整天为家人取水，为原因状语从句。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她们决定做点什么。A. proved证明；B. determined决定；C. happened发生；D. demanded要求。根据前文“In 2011, Isabelle Adams and her sister Katherine learned that every five seconds a child died from ___4___ of clean water and that girls of their age couldn’t go to school ___5___ they were fetching water all day for their families.”可知她们了解了缺水儿童的情况后，决定用折纸来帮助他们。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Katherine解释说：“所以我们做了一些我们喜欢做的事情——折纸，最初的目标是帮助资助埃塞俄比亚的一口井。”A. lifelong终身的；B. personal个人的；C. original最初的；原来的；D. achievable可获得的。根据上文“Those paper creations are ___2___ clean water projects around the world and saving lives.”以及“In 2011, Isabelle Adams and her sister Katherine learned that every five seconds a child died from ___4___ of clean water and that girls of their age couldn’t go to school ___5___ they were fetching water all day for their families. They ___6___ to do something.”可知姐妹二人了解到缺水儿童的情况后，做了一些她们喜欢做的事情——折纸，做这件事的最初的目标就是为了资助一口水井。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：出乎意料的是，她们最终卖光了折纸，筹集的资金远远超过了这部分，足以完全支付水井的成本。A. Obviously明显地；B. Unexpectedly意外地；C. Suddenly突然；D. Gradually逐渐地。根据后文”they ended up selling out and raising far more”可知，出乎意料的是，她们最终卖光了折纸。故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：出乎意料的是，她们最终卖光了折纸，筹集的资金远远超过了这部分，足以完全涵盖了水井的花费。A. spend花费；B. cut砍；割；C. bury埋葬；D. cover涵盖；覆盖。根据上文“raising far more than that to fully”可知，筹集到的资金足以完全涵盖了水井的花费。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：现年13岁的Katherine补充道：“它就像滚雪球一样越滚越大，为Paper for Water项目的建立做出了贡献。”A. responding to回应；回复；B. depending on取决于；依赖；C. contributing to有助于；造成；D. focusing on专注于；集中于。根据后文“the founding of the project Paper for Water.”可知，Katherine和妹妹的行为为Paper for Water项目的建立做出了贡献。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在8年的时间里，这个项目已经为20个不同国家的200多个水利项目筹集了200多万美元。A. saved拯救；B. borrowed借来；C. earned挣得；D. collected筹集，收集。根据后文“more than 2 million for over 200 water projects in 20 different countries”可知，此处指为20个不同国家的200多个水利项目筹集了200多万美元。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，Adams家族的其他成员也参与其中。A. included包括；包含；B. praised称赞；C. recognized辨认；D. employed雇佣。根据上文“the rest of the Adams family are also”可知，Adams家族的其他成员也参与其中。故选A项。
33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但在它的中心，在无数的纸装饰下坐着两个大胆的姐妹，她们希望激励其他女孩和男孩。A. satisfy使满足；B. inspire激励，鼓舞；C. inform通知；D. comfort安慰。根据后文““Kids have an unbelievable ability to make a real ___14___ to the world if they’re just given the chance,””可知，两姐妹希望用自己的行动来激励其他人。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Isabelle说：“孩子们有一种不可思议的能力，只要他们有机会，只要人们支持他们的努力，他们就能真正影响世界。”A. judgment判断；B. sense感觉；C. difference差异；D. connection连接。根据空前“Now, the rest of the Adams family are also ___12___ . But at the heart of it, under countless paper decorations sit two brave sisters hoping to ___13___ other girls and boys. “Kids have an unbelievable ability to make a real”可知，两姐妹希望鼓励其他女孩和男孩都通过个人的努力对世界产生影响，此处考查短语make a difference“有影响，有关系”。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Isabelle说：“孩子们有一种不可思议的能力，只要他们有机会，只要人们支持他们的努力，他们就能真正影响世界。”A. support支持；B. persuade说服；C. welcome欢迎；D. award奖。根据上文“if they’re just given the chance”可知只要孩子们被给予机会和被人们所支持，他们就能影响世界。故选A项。
第二节(共10小题;每题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When Lin Qiaozhi was five, her mother died, ___36___ affected her deeply. At age 18, she chose to study medicine rather than get married like the ___37___ (major) of girls. Eight years later, Lin graduated from Peking Union Medical College PUMC ___38___the Wenhai Scholarship, the highest prize for graduates. She ___39___ (immediate) became the first female resident physician in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital. After several years, she ___40___ (send) to study in Europe and then, in 1939, in the US. She left a good impression on her American colleagues who invited her to stay. ___41___, Lin rejected the offer and returned to China.
In 1941, Dr Lin became the first Chinese woman ever ___42___ (appoint) director of the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital. When the department was closed because of the war, she opened ___43___ private clinic to continue to treat patients. At times, she was even seen to reach faraway villages on a donkey, ___44___ (provide ) medical care.
Although Lin Qiaozhi held many important positions in politics, she was ___45___ (interested) in tending patients, publishing medical research and training new staff in her department. Dr Lin never married and she kept working until her death in 1983. She left her savings to a kindergarten and a fund for new doctors.
【答案】36. which
37. majority
38. with 39. immediately
40. was sent
41. However##Still##Nevertheless
42. to be appointed##appointed
43. a 44. providing
45. more interested
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了林巧稚的生平经历，求学过程，伟大成就以及无私奉献的品格。
【36题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：林巧稚五岁时，母亲去世，这对她影响很大。此处为非限制性定语从句，从句缺少主语，指代前面整句话的内容，应用关系代词which。故填which。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：18岁时，她选择了学医，而不是像大多数女孩一样结婚。结合句意及空前的定冠词the可知应填名词形式majority。故填majority。
【38题详解】
考查介词。句意：8年后，她以文海奖学金毕业于北京协和医学院，这是中国大学毕业生的最高荣誉。由句意知此处表示“具有；带有”，应用介词with。故填with。
【39题详解】
考查副词。句意：她立即成为北京协和医院妇产科的第一位女住院医师。修饰动词became应用副词。故填immediately。
【40题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意：几年后，她被送到欧洲学习，然后在1939年去了美国。由上下文语境可知动作发生在过去且she与send之间为被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was sent。
【41题详解】
考查副词。句意：然而，林拒绝了这个提议并回到了中国。依据前文She left a good impression on her American colleagues who invited her to stay. 可知空处所在句子语意与前文之间是转折关系，位于句首，应用表示转折的副词however/still/nevertheless，作状语，空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填However/Still/Nevertheless。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：1941年，林医生成为第一位被任命为北京协和医院妇产科主任的中国女性。由Chinese woman之前的修饰词the first可知应用不定式作后置定语，the first Chinese woman 与apponit之间为被动关系，应用不定式的被动语态；或者用过去分词表示被动，作后置定语。故填to be appointed/appointed。
【43题详解】
考查冠词。句意：当该部门因战争而关闭时，她开了一家私人诊所继续治疗病人。由句意知此处表示“一家诊所”，应用不定冠词a。故填a。
【44题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：有时，人们甚至看到她骑着驴到达遥远的村庄，提供医疗服务。由句意知空处应填非谓语动词，she 与provide之间为主动关系，应用现在分词表主动，作伴随状语。故填providing。
【45题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：虽然林巧稚在政界身居要职，但她更感兴趣的是照顾病人、发表医学研究和培训科室的新员工。结合句意此处表示与前文的身居要职相比较，她对照顾病人更感兴趣，应用比较级more interested。故填more interested。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你得知英国好友Rick对中国文化非常感兴趣，特别是即将到来的端午节，请你写一封信介绍中国端午节。
内容包括：1. 介绍端午节(时间、意义、风俗等)；2. 欢迎他来中国体验端午节。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：中国农历Chinese lunar calendar 龙舟dragon boat
Dear Rick,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Rick,
Knowing that you are interested in Chinese culture, especially the Dragon Boat Festival, I would like to introduce it to you.
The Dragon Boat Festival, one of the most important traditional festivals in China, falls on May 5 in the Chinese lunar calendar. People celebrate it in memory of Qu Yuan, a respected Chinese poet. Many places in China hold dragon boat races, which symbolize the many attempts to rescue and recover Qu Yuan’s body on the day, and eating zongzi is also a central custom of the day.
Welcome to China to experience the festival. You will have an unforgettable experience.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给对中国文化非常感兴趣的英国好友Rick写一封信介绍他特别感兴趣的端午节。
【详解】
1.词汇积累
庆祝： celebrate →observe
营救：rescue→save
难以忘怀的：unforgettable→memorable
对……感兴趣：be interested in→show interest in
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：People celebrate it in memory of Qu Yuan, a respected Chinese poet.
拓展句：People celebrate it in memory of Qu Yuan, who is a respected Chinese poet.
【点睛】
【高分句型1】Knowing that you are interested in Chinese culture, especially the Dragon Boat Festival, I would like to introduce it to you. (运用了现分词短语作状语)
【高分句型2】Many places in China hold dragon boat races, which symbolize the many attempts to rescue and recover Qu Yuan’s body on the day, and eating zongzi is also a central custom of the day. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
第二节 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The Power of Silence
Joe was an old man aged 75. He lived happily in a beautiful family. His children grew up and moved to different cities in pursue of good career and future. He lived in a small village carrying the memories of his deceased wife.
Joe had four grandchildren. They used to visit him during their holidays. It was now their vacation time and Joe was eagerly waiting for their arrival. He prepared his home for the kids, cleaning the house, mowing the garden, and buying their favourite foods and dresses.
In the busy arrangements, he lost his watch. The watch was gifted by his dead wife when their first child was born. Joe treasured the watch. After his wife’s death, it became his sole companion with its ‘tick, tick’ sound throughout the silent night.
He was happy with the kids at home. He forgot the watch missing. It was only the next day when he was about to take bath, he remembered the watch was lost. He saw it last when he was arranging things in the barn.
He was very upset. His grandchildren asked him why he was so dull and what troubled him. Joe said, “Dear children! I lost the most precious watch I have ever had and ever got in my life. It was a gift from your grandma. I lost it while cleaning the house! I feel like I’m missing my heart.” The children tried to comfort him. One granddaughter asked, “Grandpa, do you remember when you saw the watch last time before it was missing?”
Joe said, “I guess when I was cleaning the barn!”
The children rushed to the barn to search for the watch. The barn was full of waste materials. They searched for more than two hours with the help of Joe, but could not find it. Joe was completely lost, and he asked the children to stop searching.
注意：1. 续写的词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
All went out disappointedly, except Ted, who sat there in silence.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
They were surprised and asked how he was able to find it.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Paragraph 1:
All went out disappointedly, except Ted, who sat there in silence. He went back to the barn to search again. Joe asked why he was going there a second time. And the other children were also curious about Ted’s going. But the little boy just asked the others not to follow him and to remain silent. All the children kept silent as they were told. Ted was there for about fifteen minutes and then he rushed to his grandfather, holding the watch in his hand. To everyone’s surprise, Ted had found the watch. He gave it to Joe, which made Joe extremely delighted.
Paragraph 2:
They were surprised and asked how he was able to find it. The little boy replied: “I sat there without making any noise, and the barn was so silent. After a few minutes, I heard the ‘tick, tick’ sound and found the watch.” Joe hugged and thanked the little boy. This is the power of silence. If we stay calm when facing difficulty, we are more able to find the solution!
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Joe为了迎接孙子们的到来打扫房子，在打扫谷仓的时候弄掉了已故妻子送的手表，这让Joe很不高兴，孙子们看见爷爷不高兴就提出要帮爷爷找手表，结果都没找到，Joe很失落，让孩子们不要再找了。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“大家都失望地走了出去，只有Ted一个人坐在那里，一言不发”可知，第一段可描写Ted找到了手表并交给了爷爷以及众人的反应。
②由第二段首句内容“他们很惊讶，问他是怎么找到的”可知，第二段可描写Ted解释自己是如何找到手表的。
2.续写线索：Joe再次进入谷仓——找到手表——解释——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①回去：go back to/return to
②拿着：hold/grasp
③回答：reply/answer
情绪类
①高兴：delighted/glad
②冷静：stay calm/keep one’s hair on
【点睛】[高分句型1] He gave it to Joe, which made Joe extremely delighted. (由关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] If we stay calm when facing difficulty, we are more able to find the solution! (由if引导的条件状语从句)
听力答案：1-5ABCBC 6-10ACABB 11-15CCAAC 16-20BCABA