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浙江省名校新高考研究联盟Z20联盟2023届高三英语三模试题（Word版附解析）
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这是一份浙江省名校新高考研究联盟Z20联盟2023届高三英语三模试题（Word版附解析），共28页。试卷主要包含了 本试卷分第1卷和第II卷等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Z20名校联盟(浙江省名校新高考研究联盟)
2023届高三第三次联考
英语试题卷
考生须知：
1. 本试卷分第1卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)。满分为150分，考试时间为120分钟。
2. 请用黑色签字笔将学校、班级、姓名、考号分别填写在答题卷和机读卡的相应位置上。
第I卷
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节：(共5小题;每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers probably doing?
A. Parking the car. B. Moving some furniture. C. Watching TV on the sofa.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Now that we have the sofa and the TV in here, I just need you to help me with the bed. My car is parked just outside on the street.
M: No problem.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where are the speakers?
A. At a restaurant. B. At a theater. C. At a store.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: I am sorry to keep you waiting. Will we be late for the movie?
M: Oh, not at all. I’ve been here for only a few minutes. We have enough time for dinner. Here is the menu.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How much does the television set cost today?
A. $100. B. $150. C. $200.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Why are you so excited?
M: I am going to buy a new television set. They normally cost 300 dollars, but today, they are on sale for two thirds of the regular price.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Why are the man’s eyes red?
A. He is sick. B. He didn’t get much sleep. C. He has terrible eye problems.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Wow, Brian. You look like you had a terrible sleep last night. Your eyes are all red.
M: I slept well, but I woke up with a sore throat and a cough. Could you pass me a glass of water?
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
When did the woman expect the package to arrive?
A. Yesterday. B. Today. C. Tomorrow.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Was that the mailman at the door?
M: Yes, here’s a package for you. He said he tried to deliver it yesterday.
W: Oh! I wasn’t expecting it until tomorrow.
第二节：(共15小题;每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. Why isn’t the girl allowed to go out?
A. She didn’t do her schoolwork.
B She didn’t do her housework.
C. She argued with her parents.
7. How did the girl feel about her punishment?
A. She thought it was fair. B. She was surprised by it. C. She felt angry about it.
【答案】6. B 7. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Hey, Jen, do you want to go out and get some ice cream tonight?
W: My parents won’t let me go out tonight I have to do my chores instead.
M: That’s surprising. What happened? I can’t imagine you making your parents angry.
W: It’s my fault. I was supposed to clean my bathroom and my bedroom last weekend. When my parents saw I still hadn’t done it, they told me I couldn’t go out tonight. I totally deserved it.
M: So, what did you do when they gave you the bad news?
W: I apologized and handled my responsibilities. There’s no point arguing when you know you’re wrong.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. How do the speakers know Greg Parsons?
A. He used to be their teacher.
B. He used to be a famous athlete.
C. He used to own a business in town.
9. What was the woman doing when she saw Brian Sheldon the other day?
A. Waiting in line. B. Drinking coffee. C. Watching TV.
10. Where will the speakers go next?
A. A grocery store. B. A restaurant. C. A stadium.
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Hey Sherry, come and take a look at this. Isn’t that Greg Parsons?
W: Is that the guy that used to substitute for Mrs. Hayworth’s math class?
M: No. Greg was the guy who used to own that Italian restaurant we used to go to.
W: You’re right. And now he’s got his own show on the Cooking Network. That’s amazing.
M: That’s the second person from our town that has become famous. Remember Brian Sheldon? I used to play soccer with him, and now he plays professionally.
W: I remember. I actually saw him the other day when I was waiting in line at Starbucks. He still lives around here.
M: Yeah, I know. He has that big house on the hill in the rich neighborhood.
W: People like that always do, don’t they? Anyway, seeing all this food is making me hungry. Should we go get something to eat?
M: Sure. How about that Italian place around the corner?
W: That’s exactly what I was thinking.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11. What’s the relationship between the speakers?
A. Colleagues. B. Friends. C. Aunt and nephew.
12. Why did the woman visit the man’s house?
A. To have a glass of wine.
B. To pick him up before dinner.
C. To congratulate him on his new home.
13. Why can’t Marcia show up tonight?
A She isn’t feeling well.
B. She needs to finish a report.
C. She has a meeting with her boss.
【答案】11. B 12. C 13. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Hi, come on in. Can I take your coat?
W: Sure, thanks. I brought you a bottle of wine.
M: Thanks! You’re the first one of all our friends to arrive. I’ll just put your coat away.
W: This is a very nice place. Congratulations! How long have you been living here now?
M: Just over three weeks. Would you like a drink?
W: Sure, what do you have?
M: I’ve got white wine, red wine, lemonade, orange juice, and Sprite.
W: I’ll have a glass of red wine please.
M: One glass of red wine coming up!
W: So, how many people are coming for dinner tonight?
M: There are just going to be six of us.
W: Oh, I thought there were going to be eight.
M: Marcia and Paul called to cancel at the last minute. Paul has to work very late at his office. He has to finish a report his boss asked him to do. And Marcia has a bad headache.
W: That’s too bad. They’re such good company.
M: Oh, I think there’s someone at the door. Excuse me while I go and get it...
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14. When did the man get the tickets?
A. On Monday. B. On Friday. C. On Sunday.
15. How does the woman feel when the games are close?
A. Excited. B. Sad. C. Pressured.
16. Which team are the speakers cheering for?
A. Spain. B. Russia. C. Switzerland.
【答案】14. A 15. C 16. A
【解析】
【原文】M: I finally got tickets to the match!
W: That’s great! We came all the way downtown, and we almost missed it. How did you manage to get them?
M: Oh, I was standing in line all Monday morning. I got the last two tickets. The people behind me were so sad. They’re going to have to listen to the match on the radio.
W: I feel sorry for them. Many people have traveled a long way just like us. They want to see the teams that made it to the next level. But I’m so excited we’ll see it! Which day is it?
M: It’s on Friday afternoon.
W: Who will we be playing? Russia?
M: We’ll be against the team that wins in Group D. I think it’ll be Switzerland.
W: Oh, I hope Spain wins! But I don’t want it to be a close game, either.
M: Why is that?
W: For fans like us, there is so much pressure when the games are close!
M: Well, there is a lot more pressure on the players! Besides, there have been many close games so far. There were two like that on Sunday.
W: I know it’s common, but I’d still feel better if Spain won by two or three goals!
M: I suppose I agree with you. Oh, this is going to be so exciting!
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. What TV channel is Jimmy Kimmel Live on?
A. NBC. B. TBS. C. ABC.
18. When did Jimmy Kimmel become especially famous?
A. After he hosted the Oscars.
B. After Donald Trump became president.
C. When he cried at his show for the first time.
19. On talk shows, what usually comes right after the opening speech?
A. An interview. B. A musical performance. C. A comedy performance.
20. What did Jimmy Kimmel do before hosting Jimmy Kimmel Live?
A. He taught in a drama school.
B. He worked at a radio station.
C. He went to school in Los Angeles.
【答案】17. C 18. B 19. C 20. B
【解析】
【原文】Jimmy Kimmel Live is an American late-night talk show. It can be seen five nights a week on the ABC channel. There’re some other nightly talk shows that are very popular at the moment, for example, NBC’s The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon and Conan on the TBS network. The hosts of those shows are some of the most famous figures in show business. However, Kimmel has been known to start crying on the show when he talks about what he cares about, and he has become especially famous after Donald Trump became president. All late-night talk shows tend to follow the same timing: there is an opening speech by the host, followed by a special comedy performance done with a partner. Then there is a series of interviews with other famous people, and a musical performance comes at the end. Kimmel has been so successful at his show that he was asked to host the Oscars for the last two years. In his early career, Kimmel worked at a radio station in Los Angeles, which helped him practice his comedy. Jimmy Kimmel Live! is one of the only shows in America that are loved by both young people and older generations.
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节：(共15小题，每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Inspired by his mentor Louis Sullivan, an influential figure in the world of modernist architecture, Frank Lloyd Wright coined the term ‘organic architecture’ around 1908.
Rather than imitating nature or organic elements within the natural world organic architecture is more concerned with re-interpretation of nature and harmony between the organic and the built environment. It ensures that the individual elements within buildings are put together to reflect the order within nature. Here are 4 of the most striking examples.
Casa Milà
Location: Barcelona, Spain
Year of completion:1910
Architect: Antoni Gaudi
Considered the greatest exponent of Catalan Modernism, Antoni Gaudi was devoted to nature and the Catholic religion. While he originally intended this organic building to have a religious purpose, it is now an apartment building. True to the organic style, it features honey shapes that seemingly emerge from the earth.
Learning Hub at Nanyang Technological University (NTU)
Location: Singapore
Year of completion:2015
Architect: Thomas Heatherwick
Earning the nicknames ‘dim sum basket building’ and ‘the Hive’, the Learning Hub consists of 12 eight-storey towers arranged around a public atrium. The organic nature of the building extends to its interior with features like gardens that are intended to encourage social interactions and study among students.
Falling Water
Location: Mill Run, Pennsylvania
Year of completion:1939
Architect: Frank Lloyd Wright
A classic of modernism and organic architecture, Falling Water sits on top of a waterfall. Frank Lloyd Wright designed it for the Kaufmann family who-though they had originally hoped for a view of the waterfall-came to love the home.
East Beach Café
Location: Littlehampton, UK
Year of completion:2007
Architect: Thomas Heatherwick
Located in a seaside area with an industrial history, East Beach Cafe resembles (像) a piece of driftwood. Forty meters long, seven meters wide and five meters high, it initially polarised locals, but has since been well-received by the whole community. It was the first building for Thomas Heatherwick who previously was better known as a sculptor.
21. Which building has the longest history?
A. Casa Milà. B. Learning Hub at NTU. C. Falling Water. D. East Beach Cafe.
22. What can we learn about East Beach Café?
A. It remains floating on the sea. B. It serves to encourage social interactions.
C. It was not accepted by all the locals initially. D. It was originally intended for a particular family.
23. Which of the following magazines is the text probably taken from?
A. Natural World B. Architectural Digest
C. Organic Gardening D. Extraordinary Figures
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四座建筑的情况。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章内容可知，Casa Milà完成于1910年；Learning Hub at Nanyang Technological University (NTU) 完成于2015年；Falling Water完成于1939年；East Beach Café完成于2007年。故Casa Milà的历史最悠久。故选A。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据East Beach Café部分中“Forty meters long, seven meters wide and five meters high, it initially polarised locals, but has since been well-received by the whole community.(它长40米，宽7米，高5米，最初引起了当地人的两极分化，但后来得到了整个社区的好评)”可知，起初并不是所有的当地人都接受East Beach Café。故选C。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Rather than imitating nature or organic elements within the natural world, organic architecture is more concerned with re-interpretation of nature and harmony between the organic and the built environment. It ensures that the individual elements within buildings are put together to reflect the order within nature. Here are 4 of the most striking examples.(有机建筑不是模仿自然或自然界中的有机元素，而是更关注对自然的重新诠释，以及有机环境与建筑环境之间的和谐。它确保了建筑内部的单个元素被组合在一起，以反映自然的秩序。以下是四个最引人注目的例子)”结合文章主要介绍了四座建筑的情况。可推知，“建筑文摘”可能是本文的来源。故选B。
B
As a child, I was proud of my southern origin. My own voice reflected my family’s past and present-part northern Mississippi, part Tennessee, all southern. There was no sound I loved more than my grandmother’s accent: thick, sweet, warm.
While growing up, I began to realize outside of our region, southerners were often dismissed as uncultured and ignorant. I was ready to leave behind my tiny town in West Tennessee, starting a new life and jumping at big chances in some far-off cities. In that embarrassing space between “teen” and “adult”, my accent was a symbol of everything I thought I hated about my life in the rural South. I feared it would disqualify me from being a noted magazine writer. I would have to talk less “country”. So I killed a piece of myself. I’m ashamed of it, but I’m more ashamed that I tried to kill that part of someone else-change Emily’s accent.
I met Emily in college. She was determined to work for the student newspaper, which was where I spent most of my waking hours, and we became friends. She, unlike me, accepted her roots. Early in our friendship, her mother asked where I was from, assuming it was somewhere up north. Then I felt my efforts paid off and even wanted to ignore the mistake.
Emily is two years younger and she cared about my opinion. I advised her to be more like me and hide her signature Manchester accent. I stressed that throughout our college years, often by making fun of her vowel (元音) sounds. I told myself I was helping her achieve her dream of working as a reporter. Now, I see that it was actually about justifying my hiding part of myself.
Grandma Carolyn used to tell me, “Girl, don’t forget where you come from.” Now I truly understand that. Many things have faded from memory, but this sticks in my mind with uncomfortable clarity. Now that I am grown and have left the South, it’s important to me.
24. What made the author want to leave her hometown?
A. Appeal of convenience in cities.
B. Her dream of becoming a writer.
C. Outside prejudice against southerners.
D. Her desire for the northern accent.
25. How did the author feel about the mistake of Emily’s mother?
A. Upset. B. Pleased. C. Ashamed. D. Surprised.
26. Why on earth did the author try to change Emily’s accent?
A. To prove herself right. B. To help Emily be a reporter.
C. To make herself influential. D. To protect Emily’s self-dignity.
27. What message does the text want to convey?
A. Stay true to your roots. B. Never do things by halves.
C. Hold on to your dreams. D. Never judge a person by his accent.
【答案】24. C 25. B 26. A 27. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者因为别人的偏见以及追求更好的生活改变自己的口音，但后来才意识到这样做抹杀了自己身份的一部分，也明白了要坚守本根。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“While growing up, I began to realize outside of our region, southerners were often dismissed as uncultured and ignorant. I was ready to leave behind my tiny town in West Tennessee, starting a new life and jumping at big chances in some far-off cities.(在成长过程中，我开始意识到，在我们的地区之外，南方人经常被认为是没有文化和无知的。我准备离开我在西田纳西州的小镇，开始新的生活，并在一些遥远的城市抓住大好机会)”可知，作者决定离开南部的家乡是因为其他人认为南方人没文化、无知，即外部对南方人的偏见。故选C。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“Early in our friendship, her mother asked where I was from, assuming it was somewhere up north. Then I felt my efforts paid off and even wanted to ignore the mistake.(在我们的友谊之初，她妈妈问我来自哪里，以为是北方的某个地方。然后我觉得我的努力得到了回报，甚至想忽略这个错误)”推知，当被Emily的妈妈误会来自北方时，作者是非常开心的。故选B。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“I feared it would disqualify me from being a noted magazine writer. I would have to talk less “country”. So I killed a piece of myself. (我担心这会使我失去成为著名杂志作家的资格。我就得少说些“乡村”了。所以我抹杀了自己身份的一部分)”，第三段的“She was determined to work for the student newspaper, which was where I spent most of my waking hours(她决心为校报工作，而我醒着的大部分时间都在那里度过的)”以及倒数第二段的“I advised her to be more like me and hide her signature Manchester accent. I stressed that throughout our college years, often by making fun of her vowel (元音) sounds. I told myself I was helping her achieve her dream of working as a reporter. (我建议她更像我，隐藏她标志性的曼彻斯特口音。在我们的大学生活中，我经常通过取笑她的元音来强调这一点。我告诉自己，我是在帮她实现当记者的梦想)”可知，作者通过改变自己的口音获得了在校报工作的机会。由此推知，作者努力改变Emily的口音是为了证明自己是对的，即改变南方口音就有可能获得好工作。故选A。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，并结合第二段的“I’m ashamed of it, but I’m more ashamed that I tried to kill that part of someone else-change Emily’s accent.(我很惭愧，但我更惭愧的是我试图抹杀别人的那部分——改变艾米丽的口音)”和最后一段“Grandma Carolyn used to tell me, “Girl, don’t forget where you come from.” Now I truly understand that. Many things have faded from memory, but this sticks in my mind with uncomfortable clarity. (卡罗琳奶奶过去常对我说：“女孩，别忘了你来自哪里。”现在我真的明白了。许多事情已经从记忆中消失了，但这件事却以令人不安的清晰印象留在了我的脑海中)”可知，文章想要传达的信息是：坚守本根。故选A。
C
In her book The Life-Changing Magic of Tidying Up, Marie Kondo makes the case that decluttering (清理杂物) can dramatically transform your life. Ridding your spaces of unused and unwanted stuff can make you happier, more confident and maybe even slimmer.
Judging by the popularity of her message and method, Kondo’s philosophy satisfies many people’s need. Yet the evidence backing the benefits of decluttering is mixed.
One 2013 study found that orderly spaces promote healthy choices but also conventional thinking, while working in a messy or disorganized space promotes creativity and new ideas. Einstein, famously, had a very untidy desk and has been quoted as saying, “If a cluttered desk is a sign of a cluttered mind, of what, then, is an empty desk a sign?”
Another study linked physical clutter (杂乱) to lower levels of life satisfaction. But one of the authors of that study says that clutter, rather than a problem in and of itself, seems to be a symptom of other problems, especially unchecked consumerism (无节制的消费). “In this society of abundance we live in, I think the idea that we have to have more makes us less satisfied with life,” says Joseph Ferrari, coauthor of the study. “It isn’t abundance that’s the problem as much as attachment to abundance.”
Other psychologists say technology may also be contributing to America’s keenness for organization. The complexity and disorderliness of life online encourages many people to seek order in their physical spaces, Dr. Dodgen Magee says. “But then you find when your room or your inbox is organized, your world hasn’t stopped being complex, ” she says. At this point, many people decide even more organizing is needed, she says. But this can lead to compulsive (难控制的) tidying and, unavoidably, a sense of failure when you just can’t keep things as neat and orderly as you’d like them to be, she explains.
“The more of a mess our internal world becomes, the more likely we are to grab onto something that gives us this sense of peace,” she says. While a little tidying can be a calming distraction, she says, it’s a temporary bandage, not a cure.
28. What do we know about Kondo’s philosophy?
A. It’s based on solid evidence. B. It involves spirit-lifting methods.
C. It’s popular with many people. D. It leads people to recycle unused stuff.
29. What does the example of Einstein serve to show?
A. An empty desk is a sign of an empty mind.
B. Orderly workspaces can bring health benefits.
C. An untidy desk can damage working efficiency.
D. Messy environments are likely to encourage creativity.
30. What does Joseph Ferrari say about physical clutter?
A. It determines people’s life satisfaction.
B. It contributes to unchecked consumerism.
C. It reflects people’s attachment to technology.
D. It arises from the desire for more possessions.
31. What can be inferred about tidying from the last two paragraphs?
A. It can lead to a feeling of frustration. B. It makes people’s world more complex.
C. It can provide lasting peace of mind. D. It works better with the help of technology.
【答案】28. C 29. D 30. D 31. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了虽然很多人追求通过整理来改变生活，但相关研究表明整理实际上有好有坏，有序的空间能促进健康的选择，但也可能会限制创造性的思维，杂乱反映了人们对于富足的依恋的问题，但是整理不能从根本上解决人们内心世界的混乱。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Judging by the popularity of her message and method, Kondo’s philosophy satisfies many people’s need.（从她的想法和方法的受欢迎程度来看，Kondo的哲学满足了许多人的需求。）”可知，Kondo的哲学受到很多人的欢迎。故选C项。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“One 2013 study found that orderly spaces promote healthy choices but also conventional thinking, while working in a messy or disorganized space promotes creativity and new ideas. Einstein, famously, had a very untidy desk and has been quoted as saying, “If a cluttered desk is a sign of a cluttered mind, of what, then, is an empty desk a sign?”（2013年的一项研究发现，有序的空间会促进健康的选择，但也会促进传统思维，而在凌乱或杂乱无章的空间中工作，则会促进创造力和新想法。众所周知，爱因斯坦有一张非常凌乱的桌子，有人引用他的话说：“如果凌乱的桌子是凌乱的大脑的标志，那么空桌子是什么标志呢?”）”可推知，这里用桌子凌乱但拥有巨大创造力的爱因斯坦的例子是为了佐证前面的观点：凌乱的环境有可能促进创造力。故选D项。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中““In this society of abundance we live in, I think the idea that we have to have more makes us less satisfied with life,” says Joseph Ferrari, coauthor of the study. “It isn’t abundance that’s the problem as much as attachment to abundance.”（该研究的共同作者Joseph Ferrari说：“在我们生活的这个富足的社会里，我认为我们必须拥有更多的想法会让我们对生活不满意。问题不在于富足，而在于对富足的依恋。”）”可知，Joseph Ferrari认为物理上的杂乱源于人们内心对于富足的依恋，人们渴望拥有更多东西。故选D项。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后两段，尤其是倒数第二段中“But this can lead to compulsive (难控制的) tidying and, unavoidably, a sense of failure when you just can’t keep things as neat and orderly as you’d like them to be, she explains.（但这可能会导致强迫性的整理，当你不能像你希望的那样保持东西整洁有序时，不可避免地会有一种失败感，她解释说。）”可知，科技给世界增加的复杂和无序会引起人们渴望整理，让自己的世界不再复杂，但是这种渴望太过强烈的时候反而容易引起失落，因为有时候事与愿违。由此可知，整理可能会导致挫败感。故选A项。
D
More than 360 million years ago, during the Devonian (泥盆纪) period, life was flourishing in spectacular fashion. As fish and invertebrates populated the seas, the first trees emerged on land. But by the end of the Devonian, more than half of all Earth’s species had disappeared in a series of mass extinctions. New research shows how tree evolution could have contributed to these extinction events.
As land plants diversified, “they started to grow more complex root systems that were able to reach farther down to grab water,” says U. S. Naval Academy oceanographer Mathew Smart, lead author of the new study in the Geological Society of American Bulletin. Deep tree roots drew crucial minerals such as phosphorus (磷) out of the bedrock and then eventually decayed, forming mineral-rich soil. Periodically, large quantities of this soil were washed into the seas and lakes-where the sudden phosphorus inflow caused harmful algal blooms (藻华) that pulled oxygen from the waters below. Then came a series of large-scale extinctions.
The researchers tracked this deadly pattern in five prehistoric lake beds in Scotland and Greenland. They measured a gradual phosphorus decrease in sediment layers from the middle to late Devonian, accompanied by sudden increase of the mineral with evidence of corresponding oxygen depletion (耗竭).
“We’ve been working on the Devonian for a long time, and we have been thinking that these cycles have occurred, but we couldn’t really explain it,” says Anne-Christine Da Silva, a sedimentologist at the University of Liège in Belgium. “This paper could bring an explanation.”
University of New Mexico planetary scientist Maya Elrick, who was also not involved in the study, says that while the oxygen depletion incidents coincided with extinctions, it is unclear how much of a role tree roots played. Phosphorus levels did gradually decrease overall as trees evolved, but she says this reduction may have already been occurring: “If it’s a trend that was happening prior, you can’t blame it on the plants.”
Next, Smart’s team plans to test its results using computer models to see whether plants on land could have caused ocean-wide oxygen depletion and corresponding extinction-analysis that could also help predict modern algal blooms’ impact.
32. What’s the main idea of paragraph 2?
A. The evolution of land plants. B. The effect of phosphorus inflow.
C. The source of crucial minerals. D. The process of mass extinctions.
33. What’s Anne-Christine Da Silva’s attitude towards the research finding?
A. Disapproving. B. Favorable. C. Doubtful. D. Unclear.
34. Which of the following statements does Maya Elrick agree with?
A. Oxygen depletion worsened as trees evolved.
B. Tree evolution can’t necessarily reveal extinctions.
C. Plant extinction resulted from the mineral increase.
D. Phosphorus reduction occurred before tree evolution.
35. What is a suitable title for the text?
A. The Rise and Fall of the Devonian Period
B. The Role of Phosphorus in Trees’ Evolution
C. Algal Blooms Contribute to Oxygen Depletion
D. Tree Roots May Have Set Off Mass Extinctions
【答案】32. D 33. B 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍最近一项研究发现泥盆纪树木根的进化可能导致了大规模的物种灭绝。
【32题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“As land plants diversified, “they started to grow more complex root systems that were able to reach farther down to grab water,”says U. S. Naval Academy oceanographer Mathew Smart, lead author of the new study in the Geological Society of American Bulletin. Deep tree roots drew crucial minerals such as phosphorus (磷) out of the bedrock and then eventually decayed, forming mineral-rich soil. Periodically, large quantities of this soil were washed into the seas and lakes-where the sudden phosphorus inflow caused harmful algal blooms (藻华) that pulled oxygen from the waters below. Then came a series of large-scale extinctions. (美国海军学院海洋学家Mathew Smart是《美国地质学会公报》上这项新研究的主要作者，他说，随着陆地植物的多样化，“它们开始生长更复杂的根系，能够延伸到更远的地方取水”。深深的树根吸收了磷等重要矿物质然后最终腐烂，形成富含矿物质的土壤。周期性地，大量的这种土壤被冲入海洋和湖泊，在那里，磷的突然流入导致了有害的藻华从下面的水中抽取氧气。随后发生了一系列大规模的物种灭绝)”可知，本段主要介绍了一系列大规模的物种灭绝的过程。故选D。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段““We’ve been working on the Devonian for a long time, and we have been thinking that these cycles have occurred, but we couldn’t really explain it,” says Anne-Christine Da Silva, a sedimentologist at the University of Liège in Belgium. “This paper could bring an explanation.” (“我们研究泥盆纪已经很长时间了，我们一直认为这些循环已经发生，但我们无法真正解释它，”比利时列日大学的沉积学家Anne Christine Da Silva说。“这篇论文可能会给出一个解释。”)”推知，Anne-Christine Da Silva对研究发现持支持态度。故选B。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“University of New Mexico planetary scientist Maya Elrick, who was also not involved in the study, says that while the oxygen depletion incidents coincided with extinctions, it is unclear how much of a role tree roots played. Phosphorus levels did gradually decrease overall as trees evolved, but she says this reduction may have already been occurring: “If it’s a trend that was happening prior, you can’t blame it on the plants.” (新墨西哥大学行星科学家Maya Elrick也没有参与这项研究，她说，虽然氧气耗尽事件与物种灭绝同时发生，但目前尚不清楚树根在多大程度上发挥了作用。随着树木的进化，磷水平确实总体上逐渐下降，但她说这种下降可能已经发生了：“如果这是以前发生的趋势，你不能把它归咎于植物。”)”可知，Maya Elrick认为树木进化不一定能揭示物种灭绝，因为磷的下降可能之前就已经存在了，不能完全归结于植物。故选B。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合第一段的“New research shows how tree evolution could have contributed to these extinction events. (新的研究表明，树木的进化可能导致了这些灭绝事件)”和第二段“As land plants diversified, “they started to grow more complex root systems that were able to reach farther down to grab water,”says U. S. Naval Academy oceanographer Mathew Smart, lead author of the new study in the Geological Society of American Bulletin. Deep tree roots drew crucial minerals such as phosphorus (磷) out of the bedrock and then eventually decayed, forming mineral-rich soil. Periodically, large quantities of this soil were washed into the seas and lakes-where the sudden phosphorus inflow caused harmful algal blooms (藻华) that pulled oxygen from the waters below. Then came a series of large-scale extinctions. (美国海军学院海洋学家Mathew Smart是《美国地质学会公报》上这项新研究的主要作者，他说，随着陆地植物的多样化，“它们开始生长更复杂的根系，能够延伸到更远的地方取水”。深深的树根吸收了磷等重要矿物质然后最终腐烂，形成富含矿物质的土壤。周期性地，大量的这种土壤被冲入海洋和湖泊，在那里，磷的突然流入导致了有害的藻华从下面的水中抽取氧气。随后发生了一系列大规模的物种灭绝)”可知，本文介绍树木的进化导致它们的根可以伸到很远地方取水，树根腐烂后形成富含磷的土壤，这些土壤被冲进海洋和湖泊后导致有害的藻华的大量繁殖，进而大量消耗氧气，最终导致海洋中大量物种灭绝。故D项“树根可能引发大规模灭绝”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选D。
第二节：(共5小题;每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两处为多余选项。
Pets should not be left alone for too long during the day. But our busy lifestyles will sometimes tear us away. ____36____ Here are some tips to keep your pets content.
Cats don’t simply curl up and sleep when you leave. ____37____ If they have a friend or sibling they will create games and comfort one another but if they are alone they will need more stimuli (刺激物). Leaving the TV or radio on can help, and while you work out their favorite channel, you can’t go far wrong with classical music.
____38____ They will keep your cat physically and mentally busy, which will lessen the separation anxiety. Some of the toys are also practical for your home, such as scratching posts to prevent the furniture from being scratched.
It’s not just cats that suffer from separation anxiety. Dogs also dislike being left alone and unfortunately they can’t tell whether it’s been ten minutes or ten hours: the displeasure felt is very similar.
____39____ Background noise from the TV or radio can help them to feel less alone. There is even a dog TV channel designed to create happy and calm thoughts in dogs, showing idyllic scenes of fields, beaches and other dogs.
You can also gradually lengthen the distance and time of your separation until your dogs can be left alone for 20 minutes without showing their usual symptoms of sadness and stress. ____40____
A. A number of cat toys are also helpful.
B. Schedule daily play sessions with your cats.
C. But you can help ease the negative feeling at least.
D. That creates a lot of guilt and worry for their well-being.
E. In this way, they can disassociate your absence with negativity.
F. They need stimulation for the period when they will be left alone.
G. Over time, they will look forward to their separation to get a reward.
【答案】36. D 37. F 38. A 39. C 40. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一些满足宠物独自呆着需要陪伴的方法。
【36题详解】
根据上文“Pets should not be left alone for too long during the day. But our busy lifestyles will sometimes tear us away. (宠物不应该在白天独自呆太久。但我们忙碌的生活方式有时会让我们分心)”可知，本句应当说明宠物独自待太久的不良影响：产生内疚以及给它们的健康带来担忧。故D选项“这会产生内疚以及给它们的健康带来担忧”符合语境，故选D。
【37题详解】
根据上文“Cats don’t simply curl up and sleep when you leave. (猫不会在你离开的时候蜷缩起来睡觉)”以及后文“If they have a friend or sibling they will create games and comfort one another but if they are alone they will need more stimuli (刺激物). Leaving the TV or radio on can help, and while you work out their favorite channel, you can’t go far wrong with classical music. (如果它们有朋友或兄弟姐妹，它们会创造游戏，互相安慰，但如果它们独自呆着，他们会需要更多的刺激。让电视或收音机开着会有帮助，当你找出他们最喜欢的频道时，古典音乐不会出错)”可知，后文提到了猫独自呆着的时候，需要更多刺激，故F选项“他们在独处的时候需要刺激”符合语境，故选F。
【38题详解】
根据后文“They will keep your cat physically and mentally busy, which will lessen the separation anxiety. Some of the toys are also practical for your home, such as scratching posts to prevent the furniture from being scratched. (它们会让你的猫在身体上和精神上都很忙，这将减轻分离的焦虑。有些玩具对你的家也很实用，比如抓木桩，防止家具被抓伤)”可知，本句是在说明猫玩具可以帮助猫缓解分离焦虑，A选项A number of cat toys对应后文They。故A选项“一些猫玩具也很有帮助”符合语境，故选A。
【39题详解】
根据上一段“It’s not just cats that suffer from separation anxiety. Dogs also dislike being left alone and unfortunately they can’t tell whether it’s been ten minutes or ten hours: the displeasure felt is very similar. (患有分离焦虑的不仅仅是猫。狗也不喜欢一个人呆着，不幸的是，它们分不清是呆了十分钟还是十小时：它们感受到的不快是非常相似的)”后文“Background noise from the TV or radio can help them to feel less alone. There is even a dog TV channel designed to create happy and calm thoughts in dogs, showing idyllic scenes of fields, beaches and other dogs. (电视或收音机的背景噪音可以帮助他们减少孤独感。甚至还有一个狗狗电视频道，旨在让狗狗产生快乐和平静的想法，展示田野、海滩和其他狗狗的田园诗般的场景)”可知，本段与上文构成转折，指出缓解猫狗宠物分离焦虑情绪的办法，故C选项“但至少你可以帮助缓解这种负面情绪”符合语境，故选C。
【40题详解】
根据上文“You can also gradually lengthen the distance and time of your separation until your dogs can be left alone for 20 minutes without showing their usual symptoms of sadness and stress. (你也可以逐渐延长你的距离和时间，直到你的狗可以单独呆20分钟，而不会表现出他们通常的悲伤和压力症状)”可知，上文提到了“延长你的距离和时间”这种方法，本句为本段最后一句，应说明这种方法的作用：它们可以把你的缺席和消极联系起来。故E选项“通过这种方式，它们可以把你的缺席和消极联系起来”符合语境，故选E。
第三部分：语言知识应用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节：(共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Recent snowstorms in Southern California left several people dead and others trapped in their homes in the San Bernardino Mountains.
During the severe weather, members of the community ____41____ to help a 79-year-old man get to his wife, who was experiencing a medical ____42____ miles away. The man, Robert Rice, was confident he could ____43____ the storms with the supplies he had stocked.
But things took an unexpected turn when he learned that his wife, Ann Rice, was struggling to ____44____ . She had a(n)____45____ of chronic (慢性的) lung disease and had been on a ventilator for 3 years. The nursing facility where she lived was 27 miles from Robert, and doctors believed she could die as carbon dioxide ____46____in her lungs.
Robert was ____47____ that he would be unable to be by her side because of the storm, which had covered most of the area with snow and left many families ____48____. His daughter ____49____ the fact that he wasn’t going to be there, and was trying to prepare him for that, but he was in_____50_____. He kept thinking he’d figure out a way to get himself down there.
Doctors were able to _____51_____ her more time, but her worsening condition urged him to do all he could to get to her. He tried to clear some of the driveway himself, but could not _____52_____ the falling snow.
That’s when he posted a plea (请求) on Facebook. Soon，a lot of neighbors _____53_____ helped to shovel his driveway. With their joint effort, Robert eventually _____54_____ Ann and spent time with her in the hospital.
“I’m so grateful for their _____55_____,” he told the Times. “I believe there were other people who probably needed the help more than me.”
41. A. united B. expected C. failed D. promised
42 A. treatment B. research C. emergency D. training
43. A. predict B. survive C. avoid D. measure
44. A. move B. concentrate C. breathe D. communicate
45. A. condition B. memory C. experience D. history
46. A. accumulated B. formed C. circulated D. melted
47. A. angry B. afraid C. shocked D. guilty
48. A. speechless B. aimless C. powerless D. jobless
49. A. proved B. doubted C. ignored D. accepted
50. A. denial B. favour C. need D. trouble
51. A. lend B. buy C. owe D. assign
52. A. make use of B. keep track of C. put up with D. keep up with
53. A. casually B. hesitantly C. voluntarily D. accidentally
54. A. followed B. reached C. contacted D. protected
55. A. kindness B. acceptance C. encouragement D. tolerance
【答案】41. A 42. C 43. B 44. C 45. D 46. A 47. B 48. C 49. D 50. A 51. B 52. D 53. C 54. B 55. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述一位老人在社区成员的帮助下在雪暴天赶到妻子所在的疗养院陪她度过生命的最后时光。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在恶劣的天气里，社区成员团结起来，帮助一名79岁的男子找到他的妻子，他在几英里外遭遇了医疗紧急情况。A. united团结，统一；B. expected期待；C. failed失败；D. promised承诺。根据“members of the community”推知，社区成员团结起来帮助老人。故选A。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在恶劣的天气里，社区成员团结起来，帮助一名79岁的男子找到他的妻子，他在几英里外遭遇了医疗紧急情况。A. treatment 治疗；B. research研究；C. emergency紧急情况；D. training训练。根据下文“The nursing facility where she lived was 27 miles from Robert, and doctors believed she could die as carbon dioxide ____6____in her lungs. ”可知，老人的妻子正在经历医疗紧急情况。故选C。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这名男子名叫Robert RLice，他有信心用储备的物资在风暴中幸存下来。A. predict预测；B. survive幸存；C. avoid避免，避开；D. measure测量。根据“with the supplies he had stocked”可知，老人有信心可以幸存下来，因为他有足够的物资。故选B。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但当他得知妻子Ann Rice呼吸困难时，情况发生了意想不到的转变。A. move感动，移动，搬动；B. concentrate集中；C. breathe呼吸；D. communicate交流。根据下文“of chronic (慢性的) lung disease”可知，老人的妻子患有慢性肺病，由此推知他得知妻子呼吸困难。故选C。
【45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她有慢性肺病病史，已经使用呼吸机3年了。A. condition条件；B. memory记忆；C. experience经历，经验；D. history历史。根据“and had been on a ventilator for 3 years”可知，老人的妻子有慢性肺病史。故选D。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她住的护理机构距离罗伯特27英里，医生认为她可能会因为肺部积聚二氧化碳而死亡。A. accumulated积累；B. formed形成；C. circulated循环，传播；D. melted融化。结合常识可以，呼吸困难会使二氧化碳积累在肺部，最终导致死亡。故选A。
【47题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：罗伯特担心，由于这场风暴，他将无法陪伴在她身边，这场风暴覆盖了大部分地区，使许多家庭无能为力。A. angry生气的；B. afraid害怕的，担心的；C. shocked震惊的；D. guilty罪恶的，内疚的。根据“he would be unable to be by her side because of the storm”可知，老人担心自己不能陪在老伴的身边。故选B。
【48题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. speechless无话可说的；B. aimless漫无目的的；C. powerless无权的，无能为力的；D. Jobless没有工作的。根据第一段“Recent snowstorms in Southern California left several people dead and others trapped in their homes in the San Bernardino Mountains.”可知，雪暴让很多家庭束手无策。故选C。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的女儿接受了他不会去那里的事实，并试图让他做好准备，但他否认了。A. proved证明；B. doubted怀疑；C. ignored忽视；D. accepted接受。根据第一段“Recent snowstorms in Southern California left several people dead and others trapped in their homes in the San Bernardino Mountains.”可知，情况非常糟糕，且老人年岁已高，因此女儿接受了他不会去妻子身边的事实。故选D。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. denial否决；B. favour恩惠，帮助；C. need需要；D. trouble麻烦。根据下文“He kept thinking he’d figure out a way to get himself down there. ”可知，老人想办法去妻子身边，因此他否决了女儿的想法。故选A。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：医生为她争取了更多的时间，但她日益恶化的病情促使他尽一切努力找到她。A. lend借出；B. buy付出极大代价而获得；C. owe欠，归功（罪）于；D. assign布置，分配。根据“but her worsening condition urged him to do all he could to get to her”推知，虽然医生为她争取了更多时间，但她的情况不容乐观。故选B。
【52题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：他试图自己清理一些车道，但跟不上下起的雪。A. make use of利用；B. keep track of追踪；C. put up with忍受；D. keep up with跟上。根据上文“Recent snowstorms in Southern California”可知，此处指老人刚清理出车道，又被下落的大雪覆盖了，即他的速度更不上下起的雪。故选D。
【53题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：很快，许多邻居自愿帮助铲他的车道。A. casually随意地；B. hesitantly迟疑地；C. voluntarily自愿地；D. accidentally偶然地。根据“That’s when he posted a plea(请求)on Facebook”和上文“members of the community ____1____ to help a 79-year-old man get to his wife,”可知，人们自愿帮助清理车道。故选C。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在他们的共同努力下，罗伯特最终到了安所在的医院，并在医院与她共度时光。A. followed跟随；B. reached到达；C. contacted联系；D. protected保护。根据“and spent time with her in the hospital.”可知，老人最终成功到达妻子所在的医院。故选B。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我非常感谢他们的好意，”他告诉《泰晤士报》。A. kindness善良；B. acceptance接受；C. encouragement鼓励；D. tolerance容忍。根据上文“During the severe weather, members of the community ____1____ to help a 79-year-old man get to his wife”可知，人们帮助老人。因此此处是指老人感谢人们的善良。故选A。
第II卷
第二节：(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词括号内单词的正确形式。
A new branch of the Palace Museum is expected to rise on Beijing outskirts over the next few years to better showcase the ____56____ (museum) cultural relics.
After nearly a decade of preparation, construction of the new branch ____57____ (begin) last December. Located in Xiyehe, a village in Haidian District, the new branch will cover more than 100, 000 square meters, including ____58____ exhibition space of over 60, 000 square meters for cultural relics and more than 35, 000 square meters for relic ____59____ (restore).
At present, over 1. 86 million cultural relics ____60____ (house) in the museum. However, only about 10, 000 pieces are able to be displayed every year due to limited exhibition spaces ____61____ outdated offices.
Du Haijiang, deputy director of the Palace Museum, briefed the public on the project in an interview with CCTV on January 26th, ____62____ (explain) that calligraphy works and paintings couldn’t be put on display during rainy seasons, in winter or summer, because of strict temperature and humidity requirements. Some silk and cotton artworks ____63____(current) cannot be exhibited at all for lack of the necessary environment.
On completion of the new branch, it will be possible ____64____ (display) between 20, 000 and 30, 000 individual relics each year. The new venue will be a modern exhibition space ____65____ multiple functions to provide relic preservation, repair work, and visitor services.
【答案】56. museum’s
57. began 58. an
59. restoration
60. are housed
61. and 62. explaining
63. currently
64. to display
65. with
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了几年后建成的故宫博物院的一个新分馆将更好的展出文物和提供服务。
【56题详解】
考查名词所有格。句意：故宫博物院的一个新分馆预计将在未来几年内在北京郊区拔地而起，以更好地展示故宫的文物。修饰名词词组cultural relics应用名词所有格museum’s表示“博物馆的”。故填museum’s。
【57题详解】
考查时态。句意：经过近十年的准备，新分馆于去年12月开始建设。空处为句子谓语动词，根据时间状last December可知，陈述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填began。
【58题详解】
考查冠词。句意：位于海淀区西冶河村的新分馆占地面积将超过10万平方米，其中文物展览面积超过6万平方米、文物修复展览面积超过3.5万平方米。a/an...space of“一个……的空间”是固定表达，修饰词exhibition的发音是元音音素开头，故填an。
【59题详解】
考查名词。句意同上。空处应填名词作宾语，restoration“修复”符合题意，抽象概念，不可数。故填restoration。
【60题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：目前，该博物馆收藏了186多万件文物。空处为句子谓语动词，根据时间状语at present判断为一般现在时，主语relics和house之间为被动关系，故应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是复数，故填are housed。
【61题详解】
考查连词。句意：然而，由于展览空间有限和办公室陈旧，每年只能展出约1万件作品。“有限的展览空间”和“办公室陈旧”是并列关系，都是每年只能展出约1万件作品的原因，应用and连接。故填and。
【62题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：1月26日，故宫博物院副馆长Du Haijiang在接受中央电视台采访时向公众介绍了该项目，他解释说，由于严格的温度和湿度要求，书法作品和绘画作品不能在雨季、冬季或夏季展出。分析可知，此处作伴随状语，应用非谓语动词，explain和逻辑主语Du Haijiang之间为主动关系，应用现在分词。故填explaining。
【63题详解】
考查副词。句意：由于缺乏必要的环境，一些丝绸和棉花艺术品目前根本无法展出。修饰谓语动词cannot be exhibited应用所给词的副词形式。故填currently。
【64题详解】
考查不定式。句意：新分馆建成后，每年可以展出2万至3万件文物。此处为固定句型：it be+adj.+to do sth.“做某事是……的”，it是形式主语，不定式是真正的主语。故填to display。
【65题详解】
考查介词。句意：新场馆将是一个现代化的展览空间，具有多供文物保护、修复和游客服务等多种功能。结合句意和句子结构可知，此处用介词with表示“有，具有”。故填with。
第四部分：写作
第一节：应用文写作(满分15分)
66. 假如你是校英语社团负责人李华，近期你组织了“经典英文阅读”手抄报大赛(English Classics Reading Poster Competition)，你想邀请外教Josh帮忙评审已收到的作品。内容包括：
1．比赛介绍；
2．评审安排；
3．发出邀请。
注意：1．词数80左右;2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Josh,
I’m Li Hua, in charge of “English Classics Reading Poster Competition”. I am writing to cordially invite you to grade the poster entries on May 25th in the lecture hall.
To encourage English classics reading, the competition requires students to create hand-drawn posters to illustrate their understanding of classic works through visual presentation. Till now we’ve received up to forty submissions, which will be evaluated against rating criteria, including content richness, layout creativity and artistic expressiveness. Accordingly, top ten works will be awarded. With your expertise in literature and art, we believe you will be a valuable addition to the judging panel.
Looking forward to your positive reply!
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假如你是校英语社团负责人李华，近期你组织了“经典英文阅读”手抄报大赛(English Classics Reading Poster Competition)，你想邀请外教Josh帮忙评审已收到的作品。
【详解】1.词汇积累
相信：believe→hold the belief that
比赛：competition→contest
到目前为止：till now→so far
宝贵的：valuable→precious
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：With your expertise in literature and art, we believe you will be a valuable addition to the judging panel.
拓展句：Since you are expert in literature and art, we believe you will be a valuable addition to the judging panel.
【点睛】[高分句型1] To encourage English classics reading, the competition requires students to create hand-drawn posters to illustrate their understanding of classic works through visual presentation. (运用了不定式作目的状语)
[高分句型2] With your expertise in literature and art, we believe you will be a valuable addition to the judging panel. (运用了省略that的宾语从句)
第二节：读后续写(满分25分)
67. 阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“SAI BABA! Sai Baba! Sai Baba! Hahahaha!”
“Today is Shimla’s big day! We have a celebrity visiting our city! Hahahaha!” Rani’s cheekcs burned with embarrassment and tears stung her eyes as she elbowed her way to the exit through the crowd of teasing boys in the packed school bus. It wasn’t the first time she’d been called Sai Baba, after the famous Hindu holy man (印度圣人) she’d seen on TV with his trademark afro (爆炸式卷发) towering over his head.
But this time had to be the worst. Rani jumped off the school bus, angry thoughts hovering inside Rani’s head as she marched home in the drizzling rain. Why did her hair have to curl like a giant cotton candy balloon just when she wanted it to behave? Why, why. why, fumed Rani as she turned the back door key.
“Rani, is that you?” Mama called from the family room. Suddenly Rani’s cousins, Amit and Sumit, came charging toward her. “How many eggs does Rani have in that nest on her head?” screamed Amit. “Let me get that wig (假发) off Rani’s head!” shouted Sumit. Before she could think, Rani had fled out the door and went back up the road she’d walked down minutes before. Halfway up, she slid unseen behind a green curtain of bamboo. Tearing through the wild growth, she made her way down a narrow mud path into a clearing (空地). She threw her schoolbag on the ground and breathed hard.
“I hate my hair!” she cried. Collapsing on her schoolbag, she bitterly remembered the time she’d spent trying to smooth her hair in vain. Before long, she fell into a fitful sleep.
“RANI! RAA-AANI!”
Rani woke up to Mama’s calls. She sounded anxious. “I’ll never go home,” she promised herself darkly. Mama let Amit and Sumit make fun of me. Papa would never have done that. He would listen to me and stand by my side. The minutes wore on. Alone in her secret hideout, Rani watched the shadow of Mamna get longer and begin to disappear as dusk fell.
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
Suddenly, leaves rustling, someone or something was making its way into the clearing.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
The next moment Papa was sitting beside her.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
Suddenly, leaves rustling, someone or something was making its way into the clearing. Rani froze. She knew about the dangerous animals—the foxes and snakes and even man-eater leopards—that lurked in the lush jungles. A shiver went down her spine. Hugging herself close, she crouched lower, not daring to move a muscle. Tiny night bugs bit into her soft flesh and hunger pangs wracked her belly. Rani was tortured by such a disastrous day! She held her breath as the rustling grew louder, her eyes scanning the bushes frantically. Suddenly, the thick leaves parted, and a dark form stepped into the clearing. Rani’s heart leaping with fear, she opened her mouth to scream.
The next moment Papa was sitting beside her. Relief and joy flooded through Rani. She flung her arms around Papa and clung to him. “Rani! What’s wrong?” a visibly relieved Papa asked. Rani hesitated at first, but then broke down in tears, “I hate my hair!” She poured out everything about teasing. “And that’s not all,” Rani sobbed. “Mama even let Amit and Sumit get away with it.” Papa sighed, stroked her disheveled hair and planted a soft kiss on her forehead. “I know it’s tough being teased by those kids, but you can’t let it get to you. Look, you are beautiful just the way you are!” Papa said soothingly. Together, they sat in silence for a while, until Rani’s tears dried up and she felt ready to face the world again.
【解析】
【导语】文章以人物为线索展开，主要讲述了Rani因发型奇怪经常被同学取笑。今天更严重，车上的孩子们都大声喊着“SAI BABA”。回到家后Rani又被表兄弟取笑，因此生气的Rani跑出家门，并发誓不再回家，独自在空地上躺着。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①根据第一段首句“突然，树叶沙沙作响，有人或什么东西进入了空地”可知，下文可描写Rani当时的心理活动，反应和恐惧。
②根据第二段首句“下一刻爸爸就坐在她旁边”可知，下文可描写Rani把大家取笑她的事情告诉爸爸，以及爸爸对她的安慰和开导。
2.续写线索：似乎有东西进入空地——想象着各种可能的动物——非常害怕——黑影走进空地——爸爸坐到身边——Rani诉苦——爸爸安慰和开导——感悟
3.词类激活
行为类
①尖叫：scream/shrill
②哭泣：sob/cry/weep
情绪类
①感到宽慰的，放松的：relieved/relaxed
②讨厌：hate/be disgusted with
【点睛】[高分句型1]Hugging herself close, she crouched lower, not daring to move a muscle. （运用了现在分词作状语）
[高分句型2]Together, they sat in silence for a while, until Rani’s tears dried up and she felt ready to face the world again.（运用了until引导的时间状语从句）
Z20名校联盟(浙江省名校新高考研究联盟)
2023届高三第三次联考
英语试题卷
考生须知：
1. 本试卷分第1卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)。满分为150分，考试时间为120分钟。
2. 请用黑色签字笔将学校、班级、姓名、考号分别填写在答题卷和机读卡的相应位置上。
第I卷
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节：(共5小题;每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers probably doing?
A. Parking the car. B. Moving some furniture. C. Watching TV on the sofa.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Now that we have the sofa and the TV in here, I just need you to help me with the bed. My car is parked just outside on the street.
M: No problem.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where are the speakers?
A. At a restaurant. B. At a theater. C. At a store.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: I am sorry to keep you waiting. Will we be late for the movie?
M: Oh, not at all. I’ve been here for only a few minutes. We have enough time for dinner. Here is the menu.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How much does the television set cost today?
A. $100. B. $150. C. $200.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Why are you so excited?
M: I am going to buy a new television set. They normally cost 300 dollars, but today, they are on sale for two thirds of the regular price.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Why are the man’s eyes red?
A. He is sick. B. He didn’t get much sleep. C. He has terrible eye problems.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Wow, Brian. You look like you had a terrible sleep last night. Your eyes are all red.
M: I slept well, but I woke up with a sore throat and a cough. Could you pass me a glass of water?
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
When did the woman expect the package to arrive?
A. Yesterday. B. Today. C. Tomorrow.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Was that the mailman at the door?
M: Yes, here’s a package for you. He said he tried to deliver it yesterday.
W: Oh! I wasn’t expecting it until tomorrow.
第二节：(共15小题;每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. Why isn’t the girl allowed to go out?
A. She didn’t do her schoolwork.
B She didn’t do her housework.
C. She argued with her parents.
7. How did the girl feel about her punishment?
A. She thought it was fair. B. She was surprised by it. C. She felt angry about it.
【答案】6. B 7. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Hey, Jen, do you want to go out and get some ice cream tonight?
W: My parents won’t let me go out tonight I have to do my chores instead.
M: That’s surprising. What happened? I can’t imagine you making your parents angry.
W: It’s my fault. I was supposed to clean my bathroom and my bedroom last weekend. When my parents saw I still hadn’t done it, they told me I couldn’t go out tonight. I totally deserved it.
M: So, what did you do when they gave you the bad news?
W: I apologized and handled my responsibilities. There’s no point arguing when you know you’re wrong.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. How do the speakers know Greg Parsons?
A. He used to be their teacher.
B. He used to be a famous athlete.
C. He used to own a business in town.
9. What was the woman doing when she saw Brian Sheldon the other day?
A. Waiting in line. B. Drinking coffee. C. Watching TV.
10. Where will the speakers go next?
A. A grocery store. B. A restaurant. C. A stadium.
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Hey Sherry, come and take a look at this. Isn’t that Greg Parsons?
W: Is that the guy that used to substitute for Mrs. Hayworth’s math class?
M: No. Greg was the guy who used to own that Italian restaurant we used to go to.
W: You’re right. And now he’s got his own show on the Cooking Network. That’s amazing.
M: That’s the second person from our town that has become famous. Remember Brian Sheldon? I used to play soccer with him, and now he plays professionally.
W: I remember. I actually saw him the other day when I was waiting in line at Starbucks. He still lives around here.
M: Yeah, I know. He has that big house on the hill in the rich neighborhood.
W: People like that always do, don’t they? Anyway, seeing all this food is making me hungry. Should we go get something to eat?
M: Sure. How about that Italian place around the corner?
W: That’s exactly what I was thinking.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11. What’s the relationship between the speakers?
A. Colleagues. B. Friends. C. Aunt and nephew.
12. Why did the woman visit the man’s house?
A. To have a glass of wine.
B. To pick him up before dinner.
C. To congratulate him on his new home.
13. Why can’t Marcia show up tonight?
A She isn’t feeling well.
B. She needs to finish a report.
C. She has a meeting with her boss.
【答案】11. B 12. C 13. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Hi, come on in. Can I take your coat?
W: Sure, thanks. I brought you a bottle of wine.
M: Thanks! You’re the first one of all our friends to arrive. I’ll just put your coat away.
W: This is a very nice place. Congratulations! How long have you been living here now?
M: Just over three weeks. Would you like a drink?
W: Sure, what do you have?
M: I’ve got white wine, red wine, lemonade, orange juice, and Sprite.
W: I’ll have a glass of red wine please.
M: One glass of red wine coming up!
W: So, how many people are coming for dinner tonight?
M: There are just going to be six of us.
W: Oh, I thought there were going to be eight.
M: Marcia and Paul called to cancel at the last minute. Paul has to work very late at his office. He has to finish a report his boss asked him to do. And Marcia has a bad headache.
W: That’s too bad. They’re such good company.
M: Oh, I think there’s someone at the door. Excuse me while I go and get it...
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14. When did the man get the tickets?
A. On Monday. B. On Friday. C. On Sunday.
15. How does the woman feel when the games are close?
A. Excited. B. Sad. C. Pressured.
16. Which team are the speakers cheering for?
A. Spain. B. Russia. C. Switzerland.
【答案】14. A 15. C 16. A
【解析】
【原文】M: I finally got tickets to the match!
W: That’s great! We came all the way downtown, and we almost missed it. How did you manage to get them?
M: Oh, I was standing in line all Monday morning. I got the last two tickets. The people behind me were so sad. They’re going to have to listen to the match on the radio.
W: I feel sorry for them. Many people have traveled a long way just like us. They want to see the teams that made it to the next level. But I’m so excited we’ll see it! Which day is it?
M: It’s on Friday afternoon.
W: Who will we be playing? Russia?
M: We’ll be against the team that wins in Group D. I think it’ll be Switzerland.
W: Oh, I hope Spain wins! But I don’t want it to be a close game, either.
M: Why is that?
W: For fans like us, there is so much pressure when the games are close!
M: Well, there is a lot more pressure on the players! Besides, there have been many close games so far. There were two like that on Sunday.
W: I know it’s common, but I’d still feel better if Spain won by two or three goals!
M: I suppose I agree with you. Oh, this is going to be so exciting!
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. What TV channel is Jimmy Kimmel Live on?
A. NBC. B. TBS. C. ABC.
18. When did Jimmy Kimmel become especially famous?
A. After he hosted the Oscars.
B. After Donald Trump became president.
C. When he cried at his show for the first time.
19. On talk shows, what usually comes right after the opening speech?
A. An interview. B. A musical performance. C. A comedy performance.
20. What did Jimmy Kimmel do before hosting Jimmy Kimmel Live?
A. He taught in a drama school.
B. He worked at a radio station.
C. He went to school in Los Angeles.
【答案】17. C 18. B 19. C 20. B
【解析】
【原文】Jimmy Kimmel Live is an American late-night talk show. It can be seen five nights a week on the ABC channel. There’re some other nightly talk shows that are very popular at the moment, for example, NBC’s The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon and Conan on the TBS network. The hosts of those shows are some of the most famous figures in show business. However, Kimmel has been known to start crying on the show when he talks about what he cares about, and he has become especially famous after Donald Trump became president. All late-night talk shows tend to follow the same timing: there is an opening speech by the host, followed by a special comedy performance done with a partner. Then there is a series of interviews with other famous people, and a musical performance comes at the end. Kimmel has been so successful at his show that he was asked to host the Oscars for the last two years. In his early career, Kimmel worked at a radio station in Los Angeles, which helped him practice his comedy. Jimmy Kimmel Live! is one of the only shows in America that are loved by both young people and older generations.
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节：(共15小题，每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Inspired by his mentor Louis Sullivan, an influential figure in the world of modernist architecture, Frank Lloyd Wright coined the term ‘organic architecture’ around 1908.
Rather than imitating nature or organic elements within the natural world organic architecture is more concerned with re-interpretation of nature and harmony between the organic and the built environment. It ensures that the individual elements within buildings are put together to reflect the order within nature. Here are 4 of the most striking examples.
Casa Milà
Location: Barcelona, Spain
Year of completion:1910
Architect: Antoni Gaudi
Considered the greatest exponent of Catalan Modernism, Antoni Gaudi was devoted to nature and the Catholic religion. While he originally intended this organic building to have a religious purpose, it is now an apartment building. True to the organic style, it features honey shapes that seemingly emerge from the earth.
Learning Hub at Nanyang Technological University (NTU)
Location: Singapore
Year of completion:2015
Architect: Thomas Heatherwick
Earning the nicknames ‘dim sum basket building’ and ‘the Hive’, the Learning Hub consists of 12 eight-storey towers arranged around a public atrium. The organic nature of the building extends to its interior with features like gardens that are intended to encourage social interactions and study among students.
Falling Water
Location: Mill Run, Pennsylvania
Year of completion:1939
Architect: Frank Lloyd Wright
A classic of modernism and organic architecture, Falling Water sits on top of a waterfall. Frank Lloyd Wright designed it for the Kaufmann family who-though they had originally hoped for a view of the waterfall-came to love the home.
East Beach Café
Location: Littlehampton, UK
Year of completion:2007
Architect: Thomas Heatherwick
Located in a seaside area with an industrial history, East Beach Cafe resembles (像) a piece of driftwood. Forty meters long, seven meters wide and five meters high, it initially polarised locals, but has since been well-received by the whole community. It was the first building for Thomas Heatherwick who previously was better known as a sculptor.
21. Which building has the longest history?
A. Casa Milà. B. Learning Hub at NTU. C. Falling Water. D. East Beach Cafe.
22. What can we learn about East Beach Café?
A. It remains floating on the sea. B. It serves to encourage social interactions.
C. It was not accepted by all the locals initially. D. It was originally intended for a particular family.
23. Which of the following magazines is the text probably taken from?
A. Natural World B. Architectural Digest
C. Organic Gardening D. Extraordinary Figures
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四座建筑的情况。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章内容可知，Casa Milà完成于1910年；Learning Hub at Nanyang Technological University (NTU) 完成于2015年；Falling Water完成于1939年；East Beach Café完成于2007年。故Casa Milà的历史最悠久。故选A。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据East Beach Café部分中“Forty meters long, seven meters wide and five meters high, it initially polarised locals, but has since been well-received by the whole community.(它长40米，宽7米，高5米，最初引起了当地人的两极分化，但后来得到了整个社区的好评)”可知，起初并不是所有的当地人都接受East Beach Café。故选C。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Rather than imitating nature or organic elements within the natural world, organic architecture is more concerned with re-interpretation of nature and harmony between the organic and the built environment. It ensures that the individual elements within buildings are put together to reflect the order within nature. Here are 4 of the most striking examples.(有机建筑不是模仿自然或自然界中的有机元素，而是更关注对自然的重新诠释，以及有机环境与建筑环境之间的和谐。它确保了建筑内部的单个元素被组合在一起，以反映自然的秩序。以下是四个最引人注目的例子)”结合文章主要介绍了四座建筑的情况。可推知，“建筑文摘”可能是本文的来源。故选B。
B
As a child, I was proud of my southern origin. My own voice reflected my family’s past and present-part northern Mississippi, part Tennessee, all southern. There was no sound I loved more than my grandmother’s accent: thick, sweet, warm.
While growing up, I began to realize outside of our region, southerners were often dismissed as uncultured and ignorant. I was ready to leave behind my tiny town in West Tennessee, starting a new life and jumping at big chances in some far-off cities. In that embarrassing space between “teen” and “adult”, my accent was a symbol of everything I thought I hated about my life in the rural South. I feared it would disqualify me from being a noted magazine writer. I would have to talk less “country”. So I killed a piece of myself. I’m ashamed of it, but I’m more ashamed that I tried to kill that part of someone else-change Emily’s accent.
I met Emily in college. She was determined to work for the student newspaper, which was where I spent most of my waking hours, and we became friends. She, unlike me, accepted her roots. Early in our friendship, her mother asked where I was from, assuming it was somewhere up north. Then I felt my efforts paid off and even wanted to ignore the mistake.
Emily is two years younger and she cared about my opinion. I advised her to be more like me and hide her signature Manchester accent. I stressed that throughout our college years, often by making fun of her vowel (元音) sounds. I told myself I was helping her achieve her dream of working as a reporter. Now, I see that it was actually about justifying my hiding part of myself.
Grandma Carolyn used to tell me, “Girl, don’t forget where you come from.” Now I truly understand that. Many things have faded from memory, but this sticks in my mind with uncomfortable clarity. Now that I am grown and have left the South, it’s important to me.
24. What made the author want to leave her hometown?
A. Appeal of convenience in cities.
B. Her dream of becoming a writer.
C. Outside prejudice against southerners.
D. Her desire for the northern accent.
25. How did the author feel about the mistake of Emily’s mother?
A. Upset. B. Pleased. C. Ashamed. D. Surprised.
26. Why on earth did the author try to change Emily’s accent?
A. To prove herself right. B. To help Emily be a reporter.
C. To make herself influential. D. To protect Emily’s self-dignity.
27. What message does the text want to convey?
A. Stay true to your roots. B. Never do things by halves.
C. Hold on to your dreams. D. Never judge a person by his accent.
【答案】24. C 25. B 26. A 27. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者因为别人的偏见以及追求更好的生活改变自己的口音，但后来才意识到这样做抹杀了自己身份的一部分，也明白了要坚守本根。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“While growing up, I began to realize outside of our region, southerners were often dismissed as uncultured and ignorant. I was ready to leave behind my tiny town in West Tennessee, starting a new life and jumping at big chances in some far-off cities.(在成长过程中，我开始意识到，在我们的地区之外，南方人经常被认为是没有文化和无知的。我准备离开我在西田纳西州的小镇，开始新的生活，并在一些遥远的城市抓住大好机会)”可知，作者决定离开南部的家乡是因为其他人认为南方人没文化、无知，即外部对南方人的偏见。故选C。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“Early in our friendship, her mother asked where I was from, assuming it was somewhere up north. Then I felt my efforts paid off and even wanted to ignore the mistake.(在我们的友谊之初，她妈妈问我来自哪里，以为是北方的某个地方。然后我觉得我的努力得到了回报，甚至想忽略这个错误)”推知，当被Emily的妈妈误会来自北方时，作者是非常开心的。故选B。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“I feared it would disqualify me from being a noted magazine writer. I would have to talk less “country”. So I killed a piece of myself. (我担心这会使我失去成为著名杂志作家的资格。我就得少说些“乡村”了。所以我抹杀了自己身份的一部分)”，第三段的“She was determined to work for the student newspaper, which was where I spent most of my waking hours(她决心为校报工作，而我醒着的大部分时间都在那里度过的)”以及倒数第二段的“I advised her to be more like me and hide her signature Manchester accent. I stressed that throughout our college years, often by making fun of her vowel (元音) sounds. I told myself I was helping her achieve her dream of working as a reporter. (我建议她更像我，隐藏她标志性的曼彻斯特口音。在我们的大学生活中，我经常通过取笑她的元音来强调这一点。我告诉自己，我是在帮她实现当记者的梦想)”可知，作者通过改变自己的口音获得了在校报工作的机会。由此推知，作者努力改变Emily的口音是为了证明自己是对的，即改变南方口音就有可能获得好工作。故选A。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，并结合第二段的“I’m ashamed of it, but I’m more ashamed that I tried to kill that part of someone else-change Emily’s accent.(我很惭愧，但我更惭愧的是我试图抹杀别人的那部分——改变艾米丽的口音)”和最后一段“Grandma Carolyn used to tell me, “Girl, don’t forget where you come from.” Now I truly understand that. Many things have faded from memory, but this sticks in my mind with uncomfortable clarity. (卡罗琳奶奶过去常对我说：“女孩，别忘了你来自哪里。”现在我真的明白了。许多事情已经从记忆中消失了，但这件事却以令人不安的清晰印象留在了我的脑海中)”可知，文章想要传达的信息是：坚守本根。故选A。
C
In her book The Life-Changing Magic of Tidying Up, Marie Kondo makes the case that decluttering (清理杂物) can dramatically transform your life. Ridding your spaces of unused and unwanted stuff can make you happier, more confident and maybe even slimmer.
Judging by the popularity of her message and method, Kondo’s philosophy satisfies many people’s need. Yet the evidence backing the benefits of decluttering is mixed.
One 2013 study found that orderly spaces promote healthy choices but also conventional thinking, while working in a messy or disorganized space promotes creativity and new ideas. Einstein, famously, had a very untidy desk and has been quoted as saying, “If a cluttered desk is a sign of a cluttered mind, of what, then, is an empty desk a sign?”
Another study linked physical clutter (杂乱) to lower levels of life satisfaction. But one of the authors of that study says that clutter, rather than a problem in and of itself, seems to be a symptom of other problems, especially unchecked consumerism (无节制的消费). “In this society of abundance we live in, I think the idea that we have to have more makes us less satisfied with life,” says Joseph Ferrari, coauthor of the study. “It isn’t abundance that’s the problem as much as attachment to abundance.”
Other psychologists say technology may also be contributing to America’s keenness for organization. The complexity and disorderliness of life online encourages many people to seek order in their physical spaces, Dr. Dodgen Magee says. “But then you find when your room or your inbox is organized, your world hasn’t stopped being complex, ” she says. At this point, many people decide even more organizing is needed, she says. But this can lead to compulsive (难控制的) tidying and, unavoidably, a sense of failure when you just can’t keep things as neat and orderly as you’d like them to be, she explains.
“The more of a mess our internal world becomes, the more likely we are to grab onto something that gives us this sense of peace,” she says. While a little tidying can be a calming distraction, she says, it’s a temporary bandage, not a cure.
28. What do we know about Kondo’s philosophy?
A. It’s based on solid evidence. B. It involves spirit-lifting methods.
C. It’s popular with many people. D. It leads people to recycle unused stuff.
29. What does the example of Einstein serve to show?
A. An empty desk is a sign of an empty mind.
B. Orderly workspaces can bring health benefits.
C. An untidy desk can damage working efficiency.
D. Messy environments are likely to encourage creativity.
30. What does Joseph Ferrari say about physical clutter?
A. It determines people’s life satisfaction.
B. It contributes to unchecked consumerism.
C. It reflects people’s attachment to technology.
D. It arises from the desire for more possessions.
31. What can be inferred about tidying from the last two paragraphs?
A. It can lead to a feeling of frustration. B. It makes people’s world more complex.
C. It can provide lasting peace of mind. D. It works better with the help of technology.
【答案】28. C 29. D 30. D 31. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了虽然很多人追求通过整理来改变生活，但相关研究表明整理实际上有好有坏，有序的空间能促进健康的选择，但也可能会限制创造性的思维，杂乱反映了人们对于富足的依恋的问题，但是整理不能从根本上解决人们内心世界的混乱。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Judging by the popularity of her message and method, Kondo’s philosophy satisfies many people’s need.（从她的想法和方法的受欢迎程度来看，Kondo的哲学满足了许多人的需求。）”可知，Kondo的哲学受到很多人的欢迎。故选C项。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“One 2013 study found that orderly spaces promote healthy choices but also conventional thinking, while working in a messy or disorganized space promotes creativity and new ideas. Einstein, famously, had a very untidy desk and has been quoted as saying, “If a cluttered desk is a sign of a cluttered mind, of what, then, is an empty desk a sign?”（2013年的一项研究发现，有序的空间会促进健康的选择，但也会促进传统思维，而在凌乱或杂乱无章的空间中工作，则会促进创造力和新想法。众所周知，爱因斯坦有一张非常凌乱的桌子，有人引用他的话说：“如果凌乱的桌子是凌乱的大脑的标志，那么空桌子是什么标志呢?”）”可推知，这里用桌子凌乱但拥有巨大创造力的爱因斯坦的例子是为了佐证前面的观点：凌乱的环境有可能促进创造力。故选D项。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中““In this society of abundance we live in, I think the idea that we have to have more makes us less satisfied with life,” says Joseph Ferrari, coauthor of the study. “It isn’t abundance that’s the problem as much as attachment to abundance.”（该研究的共同作者Joseph Ferrari说：“在我们生活的这个富足的社会里，我认为我们必须拥有更多的想法会让我们对生活不满意。问题不在于富足，而在于对富足的依恋。”）”可知，Joseph Ferrari认为物理上的杂乱源于人们内心对于富足的依恋，人们渴望拥有更多东西。故选D项。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后两段，尤其是倒数第二段中“But this can lead to compulsive (难控制的) tidying and, unavoidably, a sense of failure when you just can’t keep things as neat and orderly as you’d like them to be, she explains.（但这可能会导致强迫性的整理，当你不能像你希望的那样保持东西整洁有序时，不可避免地会有一种失败感，她解释说。）”可知，科技给世界增加的复杂和无序会引起人们渴望整理，让自己的世界不再复杂，但是这种渴望太过强烈的时候反而容易引起失落，因为有时候事与愿违。由此可知，整理可能会导致挫败感。故选A项。
D
More than 360 million years ago, during the Devonian (泥盆纪) period, life was flourishing in spectacular fashion. As fish and invertebrates populated the seas, the first trees emerged on land. But by the end of the Devonian, more than half of all Earth’s species had disappeared in a series of mass extinctions. New research shows how tree evolution could have contributed to these extinction events.
As land plants diversified, “they started to grow more complex root systems that were able to reach farther down to grab water,” says U. S. Naval Academy oceanographer Mathew Smart, lead author of the new study in the Geological Society of American Bulletin. Deep tree roots drew crucial minerals such as phosphorus (磷) out of the bedrock and then eventually decayed, forming mineral-rich soil. Periodically, large quantities of this soil were washed into the seas and lakes-where the sudden phosphorus inflow caused harmful algal blooms (藻华) that pulled oxygen from the waters below. Then came a series of large-scale extinctions.
The researchers tracked this deadly pattern in five prehistoric lake beds in Scotland and Greenland. They measured a gradual phosphorus decrease in sediment layers from the middle to late Devonian, accompanied by sudden increase of the mineral with evidence of corresponding oxygen depletion (耗竭).
“We’ve been working on the Devonian for a long time, and we have been thinking that these cycles have occurred, but we couldn’t really explain it,” says Anne-Christine Da Silva, a sedimentologist at the University of Liège in Belgium. “This paper could bring an explanation.”
University of New Mexico planetary scientist Maya Elrick, who was also not involved in the study, says that while the oxygen depletion incidents coincided with extinctions, it is unclear how much of a role tree roots played. Phosphorus levels did gradually decrease overall as trees evolved, but she says this reduction may have already been occurring: “If it’s a trend that was happening prior, you can’t blame it on the plants.”
Next, Smart’s team plans to test its results using computer models to see whether plants on land could have caused ocean-wide oxygen depletion and corresponding extinction-analysis that could also help predict modern algal blooms’ impact.
32. What’s the main idea of paragraph 2?
A. The evolution of land plants. B. The effect of phosphorus inflow.
C. The source of crucial minerals. D. The process of mass extinctions.
33. What’s Anne-Christine Da Silva’s attitude towards the research finding?
A. Disapproving. B. Favorable. C. Doubtful. D. Unclear.
34. Which of the following statements does Maya Elrick agree with?
A. Oxygen depletion worsened as trees evolved.
B. Tree evolution can’t necessarily reveal extinctions.
C. Plant extinction resulted from the mineral increase.
D. Phosphorus reduction occurred before tree evolution.
35. What is a suitable title for the text?
A. The Rise and Fall of the Devonian Period
B. The Role of Phosphorus in Trees’ Evolution
C. Algal Blooms Contribute to Oxygen Depletion
D. Tree Roots May Have Set Off Mass Extinctions
【答案】32. D 33. B 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍最近一项研究发现泥盆纪树木根的进化可能导致了大规模的物种灭绝。
【32题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“As land plants diversified, “they started to grow more complex root systems that were able to reach farther down to grab water,”says U. S. Naval Academy oceanographer Mathew Smart, lead author of the new study in the Geological Society of American Bulletin. Deep tree roots drew crucial minerals such as phosphorus (磷) out of the bedrock and then eventually decayed, forming mineral-rich soil. Periodically, large quantities of this soil were washed into the seas and lakes-where the sudden phosphorus inflow caused harmful algal blooms (藻华) that pulled oxygen from the waters below. Then came a series of large-scale extinctions. (美国海军学院海洋学家Mathew Smart是《美国地质学会公报》上这项新研究的主要作者，他说，随着陆地植物的多样化，“它们开始生长更复杂的根系，能够延伸到更远的地方取水”。深深的树根吸收了磷等重要矿物质然后最终腐烂，形成富含矿物质的土壤。周期性地，大量的这种土壤被冲入海洋和湖泊，在那里，磷的突然流入导致了有害的藻华从下面的水中抽取氧气。随后发生了一系列大规模的物种灭绝)”可知，本段主要介绍了一系列大规模的物种灭绝的过程。故选D。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段““We’ve been working on the Devonian for a long time, and we have been thinking that these cycles have occurred, but we couldn’t really explain it,” says Anne-Christine Da Silva, a sedimentologist at the University of Liège in Belgium. “This paper could bring an explanation.” (“我们研究泥盆纪已经很长时间了，我们一直认为这些循环已经发生，但我们无法真正解释它，”比利时列日大学的沉积学家Anne Christine Da Silva说。“这篇论文可能会给出一个解释。”)”推知，Anne-Christine Da Silva对研究发现持支持态度。故选B。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“University of New Mexico planetary scientist Maya Elrick, who was also not involved in the study, says that while the oxygen depletion incidents coincided with extinctions, it is unclear how much of a role tree roots played. Phosphorus levels did gradually decrease overall as trees evolved, but she says this reduction may have already been occurring: “If it’s a trend that was happening prior, you can’t blame it on the plants.” (新墨西哥大学行星科学家Maya Elrick也没有参与这项研究，她说，虽然氧气耗尽事件与物种灭绝同时发生，但目前尚不清楚树根在多大程度上发挥了作用。随着树木的进化，磷水平确实总体上逐渐下降，但她说这种下降可能已经发生了：“如果这是以前发生的趋势，你不能把它归咎于植物。”)”可知，Maya Elrick认为树木进化不一定能揭示物种灭绝，因为磷的下降可能之前就已经存在了，不能完全归结于植物。故选B。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合第一段的“New research shows how tree evolution could have contributed to these extinction events. (新的研究表明，树木的进化可能导致了这些灭绝事件)”和第二段“As land plants diversified, “they started to grow more complex root systems that were able to reach farther down to grab water,”says U. S. Naval Academy oceanographer Mathew Smart, lead author of the new study in the Geological Society of American Bulletin. Deep tree roots drew crucial minerals such as phosphorus (磷) out of the bedrock and then eventually decayed, forming mineral-rich soil. Periodically, large quantities of this soil were washed into the seas and lakes-where the sudden phosphorus inflow caused harmful algal blooms (藻华) that pulled oxygen from the waters below. Then came a series of large-scale extinctions. (美国海军学院海洋学家Mathew Smart是《美国地质学会公报》上这项新研究的主要作者，他说，随着陆地植物的多样化，“它们开始生长更复杂的根系，能够延伸到更远的地方取水”。深深的树根吸收了磷等重要矿物质然后最终腐烂，形成富含矿物质的土壤。周期性地，大量的这种土壤被冲入海洋和湖泊，在那里，磷的突然流入导致了有害的藻华从下面的水中抽取氧气。随后发生了一系列大规模的物种灭绝)”可知，本文介绍树木的进化导致它们的根可以伸到很远地方取水，树根腐烂后形成富含磷的土壤，这些土壤被冲进海洋和湖泊后导致有害的藻华的大量繁殖，进而大量消耗氧气，最终导致海洋中大量物种灭绝。故D项“树根可能引发大规模灭绝”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选D。
第二节：(共5小题;每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两处为多余选项。
Pets should not be left alone for too long during the day. But our busy lifestyles will sometimes tear us away. ____36____ Here are some tips to keep your pets content.
Cats don’t simply curl up and sleep when you leave. ____37____ If they have a friend or sibling they will create games and comfort one another but if they are alone they will need more stimuli (刺激物). Leaving the TV or radio on can help, and while you work out their favorite channel, you can’t go far wrong with classical music.
____38____ They will keep your cat physically and mentally busy, which will lessen the separation anxiety. Some of the toys are also practical for your home, such as scratching posts to prevent the furniture from being scratched.
It’s not just cats that suffer from separation anxiety. Dogs also dislike being left alone and unfortunately they can’t tell whether it’s been ten minutes or ten hours: the displeasure felt is very similar.
____39____ Background noise from the TV or radio can help them to feel less alone. There is even a dog TV channel designed to create happy and calm thoughts in dogs, showing idyllic scenes of fields, beaches and other dogs.
You can also gradually lengthen the distance and time of your separation until your dogs can be left alone for 20 minutes without showing their usual symptoms of sadness and stress. ____40____
A. A number of cat toys are also helpful.
B. Schedule daily play sessions with your cats.
C. But you can help ease the negative feeling at least.
D. That creates a lot of guilt and worry for their well-being.
E. In this way, they can disassociate your absence with negativity.
F. They need stimulation for the period when they will be left alone.
G. Over time, they will look forward to their separation to get a reward.
【答案】36. D 37. F 38. A 39. C 40. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一些满足宠物独自呆着需要陪伴的方法。
【36题详解】
根据上文“Pets should not be left alone for too long during the day. But our busy lifestyles will sometimes tear us away. (宠物不应该在白天独自呆太久。但我们忙碌的生活方式有时会让我们分心)”可知，本句应当说明宠物独自待太久的不良影响：产生内疚以及给它们的健康带来担忧。故D选项“这会产生内疚以及给它们的健康带来担忧”符合语境，故选D。
【37题详解】
根据上文“Cats don’t simply curl up and sleep when you leave. (猫不会在你离开的时候蜷缩起来睡觉)”以及后文“If they have a friend or sibling they will create games and comfort one another but if they are alone they will need more stimuli (刺激物). Leaving the TV or radio on can help, and while you work out their favorite channel, you can’t go far wrong with classical music. (如果它们有朋友或兄弟姐妹，它们会创造游戏，互相安慰，但如果它们独自呆着，他们会需要更多的刺激。让电视或收音机开着会有帮助，当你找出他们最喜欢的频道时，古典音乐不会出错)”可知，后文提到了猫独自呆着的时候，需要更多刺激，故F选项“他们在独处的时候需要刺激”符合语境，故选F。
【38题详解】
根据后文“They will keep your cat physically and mentally busy, which will lessen the separation anxiety. Some of the toys are also practical for your home, such as scratching posts to prevent the furniture from being scratched. (它们会让你的猫在身体上和精神上都很忙，这将减轻分离的焦虑。有些玩具对你的家也很实用，比如抓木桩，防止家具被抓伤)”可知，本句是在说明猫玩具可以帮助猫缓解分离焦虑，A选项A number of cat toys对应后文They。故A选项“一些猫玩具也很有帮助”符合语境，故选A。
【39题详解】
根据上一段“It’s not just cats that suffer from separation anxiety. Dogs also dislike being left alone and unfortunately they can’t tell whether it’s been ten minutes or ten hours: the displeasure felt is very similar. (患有分离焦虑的不仅仅是猫。狗也不喜欢一个人呆着，不幸的是，它们分不清是呆了十分钟还是十小时：它们感受到的不快是非常相似的)”后文“Background noise from the TV or radio can help them to feel less alone. There is even a dog TV channel designed to create happy and calm thoughts in dogs, showing idyllic scenes of fields, beaches and other dogs. (电视或收音机的背景噪音可以帮助他们减少孤独感。甚至还有一个狗狗电视频道，旨在让狗狗产生快乐和平静的想法，展示田野、海滩和其他狗狗的田园诗般的场景)”可知，本段与上文构成转折，指出缓解猫狗宠物分离焦虑情绪的办法，故C选项“但至少你可以帮助缓解这种负面情绪”符合语境，故选C。
【40题详解】
根据上文“You can also gradually lengthen the distance and time of your separation until your dogs can be left alone for 20 minutes without showing their usual symptoms of sadness and stress. (你也可以逐渐延长你的距离和时间，直到你的狗可以单独呆20分钟，而不会表现出他们通常的悲伤和压力症状)”可知，上文提到了“延长你的距离和时间”这种方法，本句为本段最后一句，应说明这种方法的作用：它们可以把你的缺席和消极联系起来。故E选项“通过这种方式，它们可以把你的缺席和消极联系起来”符合语境，故选E。
第三部分：语言知识应用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节：(共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Recent snowstorms in Southern California left several people dead and others trapped in their homes in the San Bernardino Mountains.
During the severe weather, members of the community ____41____ to help a 79-year-old man get to his wife, who was experiencing a medical ____42____ miles away. The man, Robert Rice, was confident he could ____43____ the storms with the supplies he had stocked.
But things took an unexpected turn when he learned that his wife, Ann Rice, was struggling to ____44____ . She had a(n)____45____ of chronic (慢性的) lung disease and had been on a ventilator for 3 years. The nursing facility where she lived was 27 miles from Robert, and doctors believed she could die as carbon dioxide ____46____in her lungs.
Robert was ____47____ that he would be unable to be by her side because of the storm, which had covered most of the area with snow and left many families ____48____. His daughter ____49____ the fact that he wasn’t going to be there, and was trying to prepare him for that, but he was in_____50_____. He kept thinking he’d figure out a way to get himself down there.
Doctors were able to _____51_____ her more time, but her worsening condition urged him to do all he could to get to her. He tried to clear some of the driveway himself, but could not _____52_____ the falling snow.
That’s when he posted a plea (请求) on Facebook. Soon，a lot of neighbors _____53_____ helped to shovel his driveway. With their joint effort, Robert eventually _____54_____ Ann and spent time with her in the hospital.
“I’m so grateful for their _____55_____,” he told the Times. “I believe there were other people who probably needed the help more than me.”
41. A. united B. expected C. failed D. promised
42 A. treatment B. research C. emergency D. training
43. A. predict B. survive C. avoid D. measure
44. A. move B. concentrate C. breathe D. communicate
45. A. condition B. memory C. experience D. history
46. A. accumulated B. formed C. circulated D. melted
47. A. angry B. afraid C. shocked D. guilty
48. A. speechless B. aimless C. powerless D. jobless
49. A. proved B. doubted C. ignored D. accepted
50. A. denial B. favour C. need D. trouble
51. A. lend B. buy C. owe D. assign
52. A. make use of B. keep track of C. put up with D. keep up with
53. A. casually B. hesitantly C. voluntarily D. accidentally
54. A. followed B. reached C. contacted D. protected
55. A. kindness B. acceptance C. encouragement D. tolerance
【答案】41. A 42. C 43. B 44. C 45. D 46. A 47. B 48. C 49. D 50. A 51. B 52. D 53. C 54. B 55. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述一位老人在社区成员的帮助下在雪暴天赶到妻子所在的疗养院陪她度过生命的最后时光。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在恶劣的天气里，社区成员团结起来，帮助一名79岁的男子找到他的妻子，他在几英里外遭遇了医疗紧急情况。A. united团结，统一；B. expected期待；C. failed失败；D. promised承诺。根据“members of the community”推知，社区成员团结起来帮助老人。故选A。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在恶劣的天气里，社区成员团结起来，帮助一名79岁的男子找到他的妻子，他在几英里外遭遇了医疗紧急情况。A. treatment 治疗；B. research研究；C. emergency紧急情况；D. training训练。根据下文“The nursing facility where she lived was 27 miles from Robert, and doctors believed she could die as carbon dioxide ____6____in her lungs. ”可知，老人的妻子正在经历医疗紧急情况。故选C。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这名男子名叫Robert RLice，他有信心用储备的物资在风暴中幸存下来。A. predict预测；B. survive幸存；C. avoid避免，避开；D. measure测量。根据“with the supplies he had stocked”可知，老人有信心可以幸存下来，因为他有足够的物资。故选B。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但当他得知妻子Ann Rice呼吸困难时，情况发生了意想不到的转变。A. move感动，移动，搬动；B. concentrate集中；C. breathe呼吸；D. communicate交流。根据下文“of chronic (慢性的) lung disease”可知，老人的妻子患有慢性肺病，由此推知他得知妻子呼吸困难。故选C。
【45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她有慢性肺病病史，已经使用呼吸机3年了。A. condition条件；B. memory记忆；C. experience经历，经验；D. history历史。根据“and had been on a ventilator for 3 years”可知，老人的妻子有慢性肺病史。故选D。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她住的护理机构距离罗伯特27英里，医生认为她可能会因为肺部积聚二氧化碳而死亡。A. accumulated积累；B. formed形成；C. circulated循环，传播；D. melted融化。结合常识可以，呼吸困难会使二氧化碳积累在肺部，最终导致死亡。故选A。
【47题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：罗伯特担心，由于这场风暴，他将无法陪伴在她身边，这场风暴覆盖了大部分地区，使许多家庭无能为力。A. angry生气的；B. afraid害怕的，担心的；C. shocked震惊的；D. guilty罪恶的，内疚的。根据“he would be unable to be by her side because of the storm”可知，老人担心自己不能陪在老伴的身边。故选B。
【48题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. speechless无话可说的；B. aimless漫无目的的；C. powerless无权的，无能为力的；D. Jobless没有工作的。根据第一段“Recent snowstorms in Southern California left several people dead and others trapped in their homes in the San Bernardino Mountains.”可知，雪暴让很多家庭束手无策。故选C。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的女儿接受了他不会去那里的事实，并试图让他做好准备，但他否认了。A. proved证明；B. doubted怀疑；C. ignored忽视；D. accepted接受。根据第一段“Recent snowstorms in Southern California left several people dead and others trapped in their homes in the San Bernardino Mountains.”可知，情况非常糟糕，且老人年岁已高，因此女儿接受了他不会去妻子身边的事实。故选D。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. denial否决；B. favour恩惠，帮助；C. need需要；D. trouble麻烦。根据下文“He kept thinking he’d figure out a way to get himself down there. ”可知，老人想办法去妻子身边，因此他否决了女儿的想法。故选A。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：医生为她争取了更多的时间，但她日益恶化的病情促使他尽一切努力找到她。A. lend借出；B. buy付出极大代价而获得；C. owe欠，归功（罪）于；D. assign布置，分配。根据“but her worsening condition urged him to do all he could to get to her”推知，虽然医生为她争取了更多时间，但她的情况不容乐观。故选B。
【52题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：他试图自己清理一些车道，但跟不上下起的雪。A. make use of利用；B. keep track of追踪；C. put up with忍受；D. keep up with跟上。根据上文“Recent snowstorms in Southern California”可知，此处指老人刚清理出车道，又被下落的大雪覆盖了，即他的速度更不上下起的雪。故选D。
【53题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：很快，许多邻居自愿帮助铲他的车道。A. casually随意地；B. hesitantly迟疑地；C. voluntarily自愿地；D. accidentally偶然地。根据“That’s when he posted a plea(请求)on Facebook”和上文“members of the community ____1____ to help a 79-year-old man get to his wife,”可知，人们自愿帮助清理车道。故选C。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在他们的共同努力下，罗伯特最终到了安所在的医院，并在医院与她共度时光。A. followed跟随；B. reached到达；C. contacted联系；D. protected保护。根据“and spent time with her in the hospital.”可知，老人最终成功到达妻子所在的医院。故选B。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我非常感谢他们的好意，”他告诉《泰晤士报》。A. kindness善良；B. acceptance接受；C. encouragement鼓励；D. tolerance容忍。根据上文“During the severe weather, members of the community ____1____ to help a 79-year-old man get to his wife”可知，人们帮助老人。因此此处是指老人感谢人们的善良。故选A。
第II卷
第二节：(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词括号内单词的正确形式。
A new branch of the Palace Museum is expected to rise on Beijing outskirts over the next few years to better showcase the ____56____ (museum) cultural relics.
After nearly a decade of preparation, construction of the new branch ____57____ (begin) last December. Located in Xiyehe, a village in Haidian District, the new branch will cover more than 100, 000 square meters, including ____58____ exhibition space of over 60, 000 square meters for cultural relics and more than 35, 000 square meters for relic ____59____ (restore).
At present, over 1. 86 million cultural relics ____60____ (house) in the museum. However, only about 10, 000 pieces are able to be displayed every year due to limited exhibition spaces ____61____ outdated offices.
Du Haijiang, deputy director of the Palace Museum, briefed the public on the project in an interview with CCTV on January 26th, ____62____ (explain) that calligraphy works and paintings couldn’t be put on display during rainy seasons, in winter or summer, because of strict temperature and humidity requirements. Some silk and cotton artworks ____63____(current) cannot be exhibited at all for lack of the necessary environment.
On completion of the new branch, it will be possible ____64____ (display) between 20, 000 and 30, 000 individual relics each year. The new venue will be a modern exhibition space ____65____ multiple functions to provide relic preservation, repair work, and visitor services.
【答案】56. museum’s
57. began 58. an
59. restoration
60. are housed
61. and 62. explaining
63. currently
64. to display
65. with
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了几年后建成的故宫博物院的一个新分馆将更好的展出文物和提供服务。
【56题详解】
考查名词所有格。句意：故宫博物院的一个新分馆预计将在未来几年内在北京郊区拔地而起，以更好地展示故宫的文物。修饰名词词组cultural relics应用名词所有格museum’s表示“博物馆的”。故填museum’s。
【57题详解】
考查时态。句意：经过近十年的准备，新分馆于去年12月开始建设。空处为句子谓语动词，根据时间状last December可知，陈述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填began。
【58题详解】
考查冠词。句意：位于海淀区西冶河村的新分馆占地面积将超过10万平方米，其中文物展览面积超过6万平方米、文物修复展览面积超过3.5万平方米。a/an...space of“一个……的空间”是固定表达，修饰词exhibition的发音是元音音素开头，故填an。
【59题详解】
考查名词。句意同上。空处应填名词作宾语，restoration“修复”符合题意，抽象概念，不可数。故填restoration。
【60题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：目前，该博物馆收藏了186多万件文物。空处为句子谓语动词，根据时间状语at present判断为一般现在时，主语relics和house之间为被动关系，故应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是复数，故填are housed。
【61题详解】
考查连词。句意：然而，由于展览空间有限和办公室陈旧，每年只能展出约1万件作品。“有限的展览空间”和“办公室陈旧”是并列关系，都是每年只能展出约1万件作品的原因，应用and连接。故填and。
【62题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：1月26日，故宫博物院副馆长Du Haijiang在接受中央电视台采访时向公众介绍了该项目，他解释说，由于严格的温度和湿度要求，书法作品和绘画作品不能在雨季、冬季或夏季展出。分析可知，此处作伴随状语，应用非谓语动词，explain和逻辑主语Du Haijiang之间为主动关系，应用现在分词。故填explaining。
【63题详解】
考查副词。句意：由于缺乏必要的环境，一些丝绸和棉花艺术品目前根本无法展出。修饰谓语动词cannot be exhibited应用所给词的副词形式。故填currently。
【64题详解】
考查不定式。句意：新分馆建成后，每年可以展出2万至3万件文物。此处为固定句型：it be+adj.+to do sth.“做某事是……的”，it是形式主语，不定式是真正的主语。故填to display。
【65题详解】
考查介词。句意：新场馆将是一个现代化的展览空间，具有多供文物保护、修复和游客服务等多种功能。结合句意和句子结构可知，此处用介词with表示“有，具有”。故填with。
第四部分：写作
第一节：应用文写作(满分15分)
66. 假如你是校英语社团负责人李华，近期你组织了“经典英文阅读”手抄报大赛(English Classics Reading Poster Competition)，你想邀请外教Josh帮忙评审已收到的作品。内容包括：
1．比赛介绍；
2．评审安排；
3．发出邀请。
注意：1．词数80左右;2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Josh,
I’m Li Hua, in charge of “English Classics Reading Poster Competition”. I am writing to cordially invite you to grade the poster entries on May 25th in the lecture hall.
To encourage English classics reading, the competition requires students to create hand-drawn posters to illustrate their understanding of classic works through visual presentation. Till now we’ve received up to forty submissions, which will be evaluated against rating criteria, including content richness, layout creativity and artistic expressiveness. Accordingly, top ten works will be awarded. With your expertise in literature and art, we believe you will be a valuable addition to the judging panel.
Looking forward to your positive reply!
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假如你是校英语社团负责人李华，近期你组织了“经典英文阅读”手抄报大赛(English Classics Reading Poster Competition)，你想邀请外教Josh帮忙评审已收到的作品。
【详解】1.词汇积累
相信：believe→hold the belief that
比赛：competition→contest
到目前为止：till now→so far
宝贵的：valuable→precious
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：With your expertise in literature and art, we believe you will be a valuable addition to the judging panel.
拓展句：Since you are expert in literature and art, we believe you will be a valuable addition to the judging panel.
【点睛】[高分句型1] To encourage English classics reading, the competition requires students to create hand-drawn posters to illustrate their understanding of classic works through visual presentation. (运用了不定式作目的状语)
[高分句型2] With your expertise in literature and art, we believe you will be a valuable addition to the judging panel. (运用了省略that的宾语从句)
第二节：读后续写(满分25分)
67. 阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“SAI BABA! Sai Baba! Sai Baba! Hahahaha!”
“Today is Shimla’s big day! We have a celebrity visiting our city! Hahahaha!” Rani’s cheekcs burned with embarrassment and tears stung her eyes as she elbowed her way to the exit through the crowd of teasing boys in the packed school bus. It wasn’t the first time she’d been called Sai Baba, after the famous Hindu holy man (印度圣人) she’d seen on TV with his trademark afro (爆炸式卷发) towering over his head.
But this time had to be the worst. Rani jumped off the school bus, angry thoughts hovering inside Rani’s head as she marched home in the drizzling rain. Why did her hair have to curl like a giant cotton candy balloon just when she wanted it to behave? Why, why. why, fumed Rani as she turned the back door key.
“Rani, is that you?” Mama called from the family room. Suddenly Rani’s cousins, Amit and Sumit, came charging toward her. “How many eggs does Rani have in that nest on her head?” screamed Amit. “Let me get that wig (假发) off Rani’s head!” shouted Sumit. Before she could think, Rani had fled out the door and went back up the road she’d walked down minutes before. Halfway up, she slid unseen behind a green curtain of bamboo. Tearing through the wild growth, she made her way down a narrow mud path into a clearing (空地). She threw her schoolbag on the ground and breathed hard.
“I hate my hair!” she cried. Collapsing on her schoolbag, she bitterly remembered the time she’d spent trying to smooth her hair in vain. Before long, she fell into a fitful sleep.
“RANI! RAA-AANI!”
Rani woke up to Mama’s calls. She sounded anxious. “I’ll never go home,” she promised herself darkly. Mama let Amit and Sumit make fun of me. Papa would never have done that. He would listen to me and stand by my side. The minutes wore on. Alone in her secret hideout, Rani watched the shadow of Mamna get longer and begin to disappear as dusk fell.
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
Suddenly, leaves rustling, someone or something was making its way into the clearing.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
The next moment Papa was sitting beside her.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
Suddenly, leaves rustling, someone or something was making its way into the clearing. Rani froze. She knew about the dangerous animals—the foxes and snakes and even man-eater leopards—that lurked in the lush jungles. A shiver went down her spine. Hugging herself close, she crouched lower, not daring to move a muscle. Tiny night bugs bit into her soft flesh and hunger pangs wracked her belly. Rani was tortured by such a disastrous day! She held her breath as the rustling grew louder, her eyes scanning the bushes frantically. Suddenly, the thick leaves parted, and a dark form stepped into the clearing. Rani’s heart leaping with fear, she opened her mouth to scream.
The next moment Papa was sitting beside her. Relief and joy flooded through Rani. She flung her arms around Papa and clung to him. “Rani! What’s wrong?” a visibly relieved Papa asked. Rani hesitated at first, but then broke down in tears, “I hate my hair!” She poured out everything about teasing. “And that’s not all,” Rani sobbed. “Mama even let Amit and Sumit get away with it.” Papa sighed, stroked her disheveled hair and planted a soft kiss on her forehead. “I know it’s tough being teased by those kids, but you can’t let it get to you. Look, you are beautiful just the way you are!” Papa said soothingly. Together, they sat in silence for a while, until Rani’s tears dried up and she felt ready to face the world again.
【解析】
【导语】文章以人物为线索展开，主要讲述了Rani因发型奇怪经常被同学取笑。今天更严重，车上的孩子们都大声喊着“SAI BABA”。回到家后Rani又被表兄弟取笑，因此生气的Rani跑出家门，并发誓不再回家，独自在空地上躺着。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①根据第一段首句“突然，树叶沙沙作响，有人或什么东西进入了空地”可知，下文可描写Rani当时的心理活动，反应和恐惧。
②根据第二段首句“下一刻爸爸就坐在她旁边”可知，下文可描写Rani把大家取笑她的事情告诉爸爸，以及爸爸对她的安慰和开导。
2.续写线索：似乎有东西进入空地——想象着各种可能的动物——非常害怕——黑影走进空地——爸爸坐到身边——Rani诉苦——爸爸安慰和开导——感悟
3.词类激活
行为类
①尖叫：scream/shrill
②哭泣：sob/cry/weep
情绪类
①感到宽慰的，放松的：relieved/relaxed
②讨厌：hate/be disgusted with
【点睛】[高分句型1]Hugging herself close, she crouched lower, not daring to move a muscle. （运用了现在分词作状语）
[高分句型2]Together, they sat in silence for a while, until Rani’s tears dried up and she felt ready to face the world again.（运用了until引导的时间状语从句）
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