四川省成都市第七中2022-2023学年学高三英语下学期4月检测试题 （Word版附解析）

这是一份四川省成都市第七中2022-2023学年学高三英语下学期4月检测试题 （Word版附解析），共16页。试卷主要包含了 答非选择题时，必须使用0， 考试结束后，只将答题卡交回， B等内容，欢迎下载使用。
成都七中高2023届高三下期4月检测
英语
注意事项：
1. 答题前，务必将自己的姓名、考号填写在答题卡规定的位置上。
2. 答选择题时，必须使用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。
3. 答非选择题时，必须使用0.5毫米黑色笔迹的签字笔，将答案书写在答题卡规定的位置上。
4. 所有题目必须在答题卡上作答，在试题卷上答题无效。
5. 考试结束后，只将答题卡交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
1. Why is the man leaving early?
A. He wants to avoid a traffic jam.
B. He isn’t interested in the movie.
C. He doesn’t know the way to the theatre.
2. How did the woman feel just now?
A. Excited. B. Bored. C. Scared.
3. Where does the conversation most probably take place?
A. In a shop. B. In a classroom. C. In a kitchen.
4. When will the speakers meet?
A. At 6:30. B. At 6:45. C. At 7:15.
5. Who might Freddy be?
A. The speakers’ pet. B. The speakers’ son. C. The speakers’ landlady.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6. How does the woman usually go to work?
A. By car. B. By bus. C. By train.
7. What do the speakers agree about taking the train?
A. It is safer. B. It is faster. C. It is more convenient.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. Why is the woman upset with the man?
A. His essay is too short.
B. He didn’t turn in his essay.
C. His essay is of poor quality.
9. How many essays has the man rewritten this year altogether?
A. Three essays. B. Two essays. C. One essay.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What does the man suggest the woman do?
A. Save up for the car.
B. Go to another car dealer.
C. Ask someone to check the car.
11. How will the woman pay for the car?
A. In cash. B. By bank card. C. By cheque.
12. How will the man help the woman?
A. Lend money to her. B. Drive her car home. C. Take care of her car.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. When did the woman last lend the man her car?
A. A year ago. B. Last month. C. A couple of days ago.
14. What will the woman do tonight?
A. See a movie. B. See a play. C. Go to the gym.
15. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Roommates. B. Good friends. C. Brother and sister.
16. What does the man promise the woman?
A. He will fill up her car with gas.
B. He will return before six o’clock.
C. He will borrow his mother’s car next time.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What kind of restaurants are the most in the speaker’s hometown?
A. KFCs. B. Chinese restaurants. C. Japanese restaurants.
18. Why does the speaker dislike “all you can eat” restaurants?
A. They are unhealthy.
B. They are too expensive.
C. There isn’t enough food in them.
19. What do most customers of “All you can eat” restaurants look like?
A. Very fat. B. Very tall. C. Very thin.
20. What is the speech mainly about?
A. Fast food restaurants in America.
B. Restaurants in the speaker’s hometown.
C. Recommendation for popular restaurants.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Get ready to start your journey to the best public university system in the world - with just one application.
Apply for more than one UC campus
This will significantly increase your chances of being admitted to the UC system. While you may not receive an offer of admission from your first-choice campus, all of our campuses - without exception -provide outstanding opportunities for you to learn and grow.
Apply on time
You can fill out the application in as many sessions as you want. Just remember to submit it by November 30 for the fall term.
Create an account
An email address and password are required in order to create an account. You should use the email account you use for all applications, just to make it easier to remember. We also recommend you use a nonschool issued email account, e. g. , Gmail, Yahoo. Campuses send important and time-sensitive correspondence to applicants, so you should check your email regularly to follow up on your application.
Save information
You should click “Save & Continue” at the bottom of each page to save any entered information -there is a 20-minute inactivity period after which the application will automatically sign you out. If you’ve successfully answered all required questions, the page will be marked with a checkmark on the right-hand side.
Confirmation
Once you’ve submitted your application, you’ll see a confirmation page with important reminders and your UC application ID number which is used to access the various campus websites and, in many cases, to access your admission decisions.
21. What should students do to increase admission chances?
A. Submit applications on time. B. Apply for multiple campuses.
C. Open more than one account. D. Decide on one ideal campus.
22. How can students learn about the latest application process?
A. By checking the email. B. By visiting the campus.
C. By making phone calls. D. By signing up for Yahoo.
23. What will students get after completing the application?
A. A checkmark. B. An admission call.
C. An email account. D. A UC application ID number.
B
In 2018, a severe drought brought Cape Town close to “Day Zero”, when it could have become the world’s first major city to run out of water. Dam levels in South Africa’s Western Cape fell to below a fifth of capacity and the province suffered its worst water crisis in 100 years.
“The water supply was dwindling and it just wasn’t raining,” recalls Thinus Booysen, a professor at Stellenbosch University, who had created a device in 2015 designed to help homeowners cut their power usage. Seeking to reduce water waste, Booysen figured he could adapt the device to measure water usage instead of electricity use.
Soon, Booysen launched a start-up, Bridging the Internet of Things (BridgIoT), to develop his idea. Called Count Dropula, the device reports water usage once a minute while many conventional devices only record data once an hour. The system uses an app in the user’s cellphone and sends short messages in real time. “Within minutes, we would be able to tell the user,’Something has burst, or something is leaking,’” he says.
Then Booysen discovered that a key issue was maintenance（维修）,with the poorest schools using by far the most water. Leaking toilets could waste 1, 000 liters of water per day. “We found that the biggest problems are things like children not closing taps properly, but often that would be because the taps just don’t close,” Booysen explains. During the test, the invention saved one school more than three million liters of water in three months. Another reduced its water usage 55 percent in four months.
Businesses including Cape Talk radio station and Africa’s largest food company, Shoprite, became sponsors, partnering with the Western Cape Education Department to install（安装）test devices in 350 schools. They saved more than $2.7 million and almost 550 million liters of water in 17 months. Booysen has looked at expanding to government buildings, hospitals and hotels. There are plans to roll out the device across Africa.
24. What does the underlined word “dwindling” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. Beginning B. Continuing. C. Expanding. D. Decreasing.
25. Which words can best describe Booysen?
A. Proud and determined. B. Cautious and friendly.
C. Creative and caring. D. Ambitious but generous.
26. What do we know about Count Dropula?
A. It works smartly to help save water. B. It was designed by Booysen in 2015.
C. It will soon be tested in 350 schools. D. It cuts power usage efficiently.
27. What will Booysen probably do next?
A. He will become a member of Shoprite.
B. He will further promote his new invention.
C. He will stop water pollution in Cape Town.
D. He will travel around Africa for better ideas.
C
Nuclear bombs. That’s the go-to answer for incoming space objects like asteroids（小行星）and comets as far as Hollywood is concerned. Movies like Deep Impact and Armageddon rely on nuclear weapons, delivered by stars like Bruce Willis, to save the world and deliver the drama.
But planetary defense experts say in reality, if astronomers spotted a dangerous in-coming space rock, the safest and best answer might be something more subtle, like simply pushing it off course by crashing it with a small spacecraft.
That’s just what NASA did on Monday evening, when a spacecraft headed straight into an asteroid called Dimorphos, which is around 7 million miles away and poses no threat to Earth. It’s about 525 feet across and orbits another larger asteroid.
In images streamed（传输）as the crash neared, the egg-shaped asteroid grew in size from a little spot on screen to have its full rocky surface come quickly into focus before the signal went dead as the craft hit right on target.
Events happened exactly as engineers had planned, they said, with nothing going wrong. “As far as we can tell, our first planetary defense test was a success,” said Elena Adams, the mission systems engineer, who added that scientists looked on with “both terror and joy” as the spacecraft neared its final destination.
The crash was the peak of NASA’s Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART), a 7-year and more than $300 million effort which launched a space vehicle in November of 2021 to perform humanity’s first-ever test of planetary defense technology. It will be about two months, scientists said, before they will be able to determine if the crash was enough to drive the asteroid slightly off course, probably shortening its original orbit.
NASA plans to launch an asteroid-hunting space telescope named NEO Surveyor in 2026. “We’ve tracked lots of space rocks, especially the larger ones that could cause extinction-level events. Thankfully, none currently threaten Earth. But many asteroids the size of Dimorphos haven’t yet been discovered, and those could potentially take out a city if they came crashing down.” explains Lindley Johnson, NASA’s Planetary Defense Officer.
28. Why does the author mention the movies?
A. To make a prediction. B. To introduce the topic.
C. To provide a possibility. D. To make a comparison.
29. What can we infer from the passage?
A. NASA pushed Dimorphos by crashing.
B. The 7-year program has drawn a conclusion.
C. NEO Surveyor has tracked lots of space rocks.
D. Dimorphos could cause extinction-level events.
30. Which statement does Lindley Johnson most possibly agree with?
A. Larger asteroids will not be a threat to Earth.
B. NASA should shoulder the responsibility for the crash.
C. Asteroids like Dimorphos are more destructive than other larger ones.
D. NEO Surveyor is expected to discover asteroids the size of Dimorphos.
31. What is the best title of the passage?
A. The impact of planetary defense technology B. A threat to Earth from asteroids
C. The contribution to space safety D. An intentional crash in space
D
Thanks to in-depth reporting by The Wall Street Journal, we now know that Facebook has long been aware its product Instagram has harmful effects on the mental health of many adolescent users. Young girls, in particular, struggle with their body image thanks to a constant stream of photos and videos showing beautiful bodies that users don’t think they can attain.
While the information the journal covered is essential and instructive, it does not tell the whole story. Deep down, this is not an Instagram problem; it’s a people problem. Understanding that distinction can make the difference between a failed attempt to contain a teen’s interest in an addictive app and successfully addressing the underlying problem leading to mental distress caused by Instagram.
Critics were quick to shame Facebook for sitting on the data and not releasing it to researchers or academics who asked for it. Others criticize the social media giant for not using the research to create a safer experience for its teen users. The anger, while understandable, is misplaced.
While I’m reluctant to defend Facebook, I’m not sure it’s reasonable to blame the company for refusing to give data that would hurt its business. Have you ever binge-watched a Netflix series? I assure you it wasn’t a healthy endeavor. You were inactive, likely did nothing productive, mindlessly snacked and didn’t go outside for fresh air. It is an objectively harmful use of time to stare at a TV or laptop for a full weekend. Should we respond by shaming Netflix for not alerting us to how damaging an addictive product can be?
While it’s reasonable to say Instagram makes esteem issues worse, it is almost impossible to believe it causes them in the first place. You create your own experiences on social media. For the most part, you choose which accounts to follow and engage. If you’re already vulnerable to insecurities and self-sabotage（自损）-as many teens are - you will find accounts to obsess over. And this isn’t a new phenomenon.
Before social media, there were similar issues fueling self-esteem issues. Whether the target be magazines, movies or television shows depicting difficult-to-attain bodies, there has been a relatively steady chorus of experts noting the damage new media could cause young viewers.
Self-esteem issues have an underlying cause - one that’s independent of social media use. Instagram merely enhances those feelings because it provides infinitely more access to triggers than older forms of media. It’s more worthwhile to address those underlying factors rather than to attack Facebook.
32. What does the author think of the criticisms against Instagram?
A. They address the mental pain caused by Instagram.
B. They are not directed at the fundamental problem.
C. They are only based on the data released by Facebook.
D. They are effective in changing teens’ interest in addictive apps.
33. Why is Netflix mentioned?
A. To defend why Facebook is to blame.
B. To show Netflix does more harm to teens.
C. To suggest the critics’ remarks are not to the point.
D. To compare the criticisms against it and Facebook.
34. Why is the Instagram problem essentially a “people problem”？
A. People have a tendency to feel insecure online.
B. People are keen on making up their self-profile.
C. It is human nature to get addicted to social media.
D. Users decide on their experiences on social media.
35. What is the passage mainly about?
A. The fierce criticism faced by Facebook.
B. The harmful impact of Instagram on teenagers.
C. The alarming online habits of teenagers worldwide.
D. The root of mental sufferings caused by Instagram.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
My students frequently ask me how I planned out my career to become president of Fidelity Investments. I always tell them, “There was no grand plan; I backed into my career one step at a time.” In this tough economy and ever-changing world, it is more important than ever to smartly evaluate each step in your career. To prepare for whatever surprises lie ahead, try to make choices today that will maximize your options in the future. 36
Gaining transferable（可转移的）knowledge begins with the choices you make at school. You want your education to provide you with the necessary skills and expertise to succeed in a wide variety of jobs. 37 I favor those that involve extensive writing, rigorous analysis, or quantitative skills.
Once you have finished your formal education, search for jobs that will allow you to further expand your transferable knowledge - to help you find your next job. Let’s say you take a job putting together airplane leases（租赁）. Within a few years, you could become the world’s expert on the subject. 38 By contrast, if you take a job that will expand your computer programming skills, you can greatly boost your options for later steps in your career.
Remember gaining transferable knowledge is only one piece of the puzzle. 39 As a saying goes, “Organizations don’t hire people. People hire people.” The more people you know, the more people will think of you when a job pops open - even when it is not publicly advertised.
Of course, you can build your network to some degree without changing jobs. 40 But this sort of event-driven networking pales in comparison with the deep bonds you can develop with your colleagues by working, communicating, and traveling with them.
A. You can make yourself more attractive.
B. Gain transferable expertise and form close bonds with your colleagues.
C. Your next step should help you expand your web of personal relationships.
D. This later helped me evaluate and start business units throughout the world.
E. You can attend conferences or participate in committees at trade associations.
F. This means that you need to make smart choices about the courses you will follow.
G. However, this narrow expertise probably won’t help you in any other line of work.
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
People may misunderstand what they used to be familiar with. I remember a 41 professor, invited to our school, taught stress management principles in a school hall 42 with students.
As she 43 a glass of water, each of us expected we’d be asked the 44 “glass half-empty or glass half-full” question. 45 , with a smile on her face, the professor asked, “How 46 is this glass of water I’m holding?”
All of us shouted out answers ranging from 8 ounces to a couple of pounds.
She then replied, “From my point of view, the absolute weight of this glass doesn’t matter. It all 47 how long I hold it. If I hold it for a minute or two, it’s rather light. If I hold it for an hour straight, its weight might make my arm 48 a bit. If I hold it for a day straight, my arm will likely cramp up and feel 49 numb and paralyzed, 50 me to drop the glass to the floor. In each case mentioned above, the 51 of the glass doesn’t change, but the longer I hold it, the heavier it feels to me.”
As the whole class 52 our heads in agreement, she continued, “Your 53 and worries in life are very much like this glass of water. Think about them for a little while and 54 happens. Think about them a bit longer and you begin to suffer a little. Think about them all day long, and you will feel especially numb and paralyzed - 55 of doing anything else 56 you drop them.”
It’s important to remember to 57 your stresses and worries. Whatever happens during the day, as early in the evening as you can, put all your burdens down. Don’t 58 them through the night and into the next day with you. If you still feel the weight of 59 stress, it’s a strong sign that it’s time to put the 60 down.
41. A. physics B. chemistry C. literature D. psychology
42. A. decorated B. connected C. filled D. covered
43. A. took B. raised C. drank D. pointed
44. A. interesting B. meaningful C. typical D. personal
45. A. Therefore B. Besides C. Then D. Instead
46. A. heavy B. much C. clean D. large
47. A. sticks to B. contributes to C. agrees on D. depends on
48. A. ache B. sour C. break D. bend
49. A. slightly B. surprisingly C. completely D. regularly
50. A. allowing B. forcing C. expecting D. ordering
51. A. shape B. color C. weight D. size
52. A. shook B. nodded C. hung D. lifted
53. A. joys B. stresses C. laughs D. thrills
54. A. everything B. something C. anything D. nothing
55. A. ignorant B. unable C. ashamed D. incapable
56. A. since B. after C. if D. until
57. A. look back on B. bear in mind C. let go of D. fit in with
58. A. carry B. bother C. tolerate D. care
59. A. last year’s B. today’s C. yesterday’s D. this year’s
60. A. work B. glass C. paper D. attempt
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
ChatGPT is an exciting new technology that 61 (take) the online world by storm recently. As a natural language 62 (process) system, it uses artificial intelligence to generate text. It is based on a powerful and sophisticated AI model designed to understand the context 63 the structure of natural language, allowing it to generate text both meaningful and comprehensive. It can also learn from its input and continually improve its performance.
ChatGPT is a great tool for businesses and organizations 64 need to quickly generate large amounts of content, like blog posts, articles, and other types of text-based content. It is also useful for customer service, allowing businesses to quickly respond 65 customer inquiries with natural sounding answers.
In the medical field, ChatGPT can be used to generate medical reports, disease 66 (analysis), and medical documents, allowing professionals to save time and focus on other tasks. And in education, ChatGPT 67 (serve) as a helping hand for teachers to provide course materials, assignments, and other educational contents. This could be especially 68 (benefit) for teachers struggling to prepare teaching materials.
ChatGPT is an 69 (incredible) powerful tool that has the potential to revolutionize the way people communicate and interact with each other. It is a thrilling technology revolution that is sure to have a major impact on the world in the years 70 (come).
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
The teenage year from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me. They were also the best and worse time in my life. At the first, I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by yourself. Besides, my parents didn’t seem to think so. They always tell me what to do and how to do it. At one time, I felt my parents couldn’t understand me so I hoped I could be freely from them. I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes. Now I am leaving home to college. At last, I will be on my own, but I will love when my parents offer to send me to school.
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
根据下面图画写一篇短文，包含以下要点：

1. 简单描述图画；
2. 你对图画的理解；
3. 你的选择。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
高2023届高三下期4月检测参考答案
听力 1-5 ACCBA 6-10 ABABC 11-15 ABABC 16-20 ABAAB
阅读理解：
21. B 22. A 23. D
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了投递申请进入世界上最好的公立大学系统的步骤和流程。
21. 细节理解题。根据第二段标题“Apply for more than one UC campus”和第二段第一句“This will significantly increase your chances of being admitted to the UC system.”可知，申请多所大学学院是学生增加录取机会的方法。故选B项。
22. 细节理解题。根据第四段“Campuses send important and time-sensitive correspondence to applicants, so you should check your email regularly to follow up on your application.”可知，学生了解最新申请进程是通过查看邮件。故选A项。
23. 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Once you’ve submitted your application, you’ll see a confirmation page with important reminders and your UC application ID number which is used to access the various campus websites and, in many cases, to access your admission decisions.”（一旦你提交了申请，你就会看到一个确认页面上面有重要的提醒和您使用的大学校园申请的身份号码，这可以用来访问各种校园网站，在很多情况下，还可以查看你的录取决定。）可知，学生在完成大学学院申请后可以获得一个大学校园申请的身份号码。故选D项。
【答案】24. D 25. C 26. A 27. B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了来自南非的Thinus Booyscn教授发明了一款智能水表，帮助人们节约用水。
24. 词句猜测题。根据第一段中的“a severe drought”和“watercrisis”等信息可知，由于严重于早缺水，所以城市供水应该正在减少。由此可知，划线词意为“减少”，与decreasing同义。故选D。
25. 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Thinus Booysen, a professor at Stellenbosch University, who had created a device in 2015 designed to help homeowners cut their power usage. Seeking to reduce water waste, Booysen figured he could adapt the device to measure water usage instead of electricity use.”可知，Booysen为了帮助人们节约用电，在2015年设计了一款设备，在遭遇水危机时，他将这一设备加以改进使其能够监测用水情况。由此推知，他是一个不但关心民生而且善于创新的人。故选C。
26. 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Called Count Dropula, the device reports water usage once a minute while many conventional devices only record data once an hour. The system uses an app in the user’ s cellphone and sends short messages in real time. “Within minutes, we would be able to tell the user,’Something has burst, or something is leaking,’” he says. （该设备名为Count Dropula，每分钟报告一次用水量，而许多传统设备每小时只记录一次数据。该系统使用用户手机中的应用程序，实时发送短信。他说：“几分钟内，我们就能告诉用户，’有东西爆裂了，或者有东西泄漏了。’”）”可知，CountDropula这种设备是智能的，且能够帮助用户节约用水。故选A。
27. 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Booysenhas looked at expanding to government buildings, hospitals and hotels. There are plans to roll out the device across Africa”可知，Booysen 想要进一步推广他的发明。故选B。 28. B 29. A 30. D 31. D
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了美国国家航空和宇宙航行局(NASA)的行星防御专家实施的行星防御测试，利用小型航天器与一块即将到来的危险太空岩石撞击，使太空岩石偏离轨道。
28. 推理判断题。文章第一段讲到“Nuclear bombs. That’s the go-to answer for incoming space objects like asteroids and comets as far as Hollywood is concerned.”可知，作者提到电影是为了介绍主题，故选B。
29. 推理判断题。文章第二段讲到“But planetary defense experts say in reality, if astronomers spotted a dangerous in-coming space rock, the safest and best answer might be something more subtle, like simply pushing it off course by crashing it with a small spacecraft. （但行星防御专家表示，事实上，如果天文学家发现了一块即将到来的危险太空岩石，最安全、最好的答案可能是更微妙的事情，比如用一艘小型航天器将其撞击，使其偏离轨道。）”可知，我们能从文章中推断出美国国家航空航天局通过撞击推动了Dimorphos，故选A。
30. 推理判断题。文章最后一段讲到“We’ve tracked lots of space rocks, especially the larger ones that could cause extinction-level events. Thankfully, none currently threaten Earth. But many asteroids the size of Dimorphos haven’t yet been discovered, and those could potentially take out a city if they came crashing down. （我们已经追踪到了许多太空岩石，尤其是那些可能引发爆炸级事件的较大岩石。幸运的是，目前没有一颗威胁地球。但许多Dimorphos大小的小行星尚未被发现，如果它们坠落，可能会摧毁一座城市。）”可知，根据最后一段Lindley Johnson的观点最有可能是近地天体勘测者可能会发现Dimorphos大小的小行星，故选D。
31. 主旨大意题。文章第二段“But planetary defense experts say in reality，if astronomers spotted a dangerous in-coming space rock, the safest and best answer might be something more subtle, like simply pushing it off course by crashing it with a small spacecraft. （但行星防御专家表示，事实上，如果天文学家发现了一块即将到来的危险太空岩石，最安全、最好的答案可能是更微妙的事情，比如用一艘小型航天器将其撞击，使其偏离轨道。）”和第三段可知，文章主要介绍了美国国家航空和宇宙航行局（NASA）的行星防御专家实施的行星防御测试，利用小型航天器与一块即将到来的危险太空岩石撞击，使太空岩石偏离轨道。因此这篇文章最好的标题是人为设计的在太空中的撞击，故选D。
32. B 33. C 34. D 35. D
【导语】本文为一篇议论文。《华尔街日报》报道中，Instagram对许多青少年用户的心理健康产生有害影响。但在作者看来，这是其诱发用户精神紧张，放大了自身的自尊问题所致，本质上是人的问题。
32. 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Critics were quick to shame Facebook for sitting on the data and not releasing it to researchers or academics who asked for it. Others criticize the social media giant for not using the research to create a safer experience for its teen users. The anger，while understandable，is misplaced. (批评人士很快就指责 Facebook搁置数据，不向要求提供数据的研究人员或学者提供数据。其他人批评这家社交媒体巨头没有利用这项研究为青少年用户创造更安全的体验。这种愤怒虽然可以理解，但却不恰当)”及第四段内容可知，作者认为对Instagram的批评并没有指向根本问题。故选B项。
33. 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“While I’m reluctant to defend Facebook, I’m not sure it’s reasonable to blame the company for withholding data that would hurt its business. (虽然我不愿意为Facebook辩护，但我不确定指责该公司隐瞒可能损害其业务的数据是否合理)”及“Have you ever binge-watched a Netflix series? I assure you it wasn’t a healthy endeavor. You were in active, likely did nothing productive, mindlessly snacked and didn’t go outside for fresh air. It is an objectively harmful use of time to stare at a TV or laptop for a full weekend. Should we respond by shaming Netflix for not alerting us to how damaging an addictive product can be?（你曾经疯狂地看Netflix的电视剧吗？我向你保证这不是一个健康的尝试。你很活跃，可能没有做任何有成效的事情，漫无目的地吃零食，也不出去呼吸新鲜空气。整个周末盯着电视或笔记本电脑，客观上是一种有害的时间利用。作为回应，我们是否应该羞辱Netflix，因为它没有提醒我们这种令人上瘾的产品有多大的危害）”可知，Netflix被提及是为了表明我们受到网络的影响很大原因是自己产生的，不能完全怪罪于网络媒体，Instagram也一样，作者在此表明批评者的言论并没有指出问题。故选C项。
34. 细节理解题。根据文章第五段“You create your own experiences on social media. For the most part, you choose which accounts to follow and engage. If you’re already vulnerable to insecurities and self - sabotage—as many teens are—you will find accounts to obsess over. And this isn’t a new phenomenon. （你在社交媒体上创造自己的体验。在大多数情况下，你可以选择关注和参与哪些账户。如果你已经像许多青少年一样容易受到不安全感和自我破坏的伤害，你会发现账户让你着迷。这并不是一个新现象）”可知，Instagram问题本质上是“人的问题”是因为用户在社交媒体上决定自己的体验，不是Instagram产生了这些问题。故选D项。
35. 主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Deep down，this is not an Instagram problem; it’s a people problem. (实际上，这不是Instagram 的问题；这是人的问题)”及最后一段“Self - esteem issues have an underlying cause—one that’s independent of social media use. Instagram merely enhances those feelings because it provides infinitely more access to triggers than older forms of media. (自尊问题有一个潜在的原因，这个原因与社交媒体的使用无关。Instagram只是增强了这些感觉，因为它比旧的媒体形式提供了无限多的接触触发器的途径)”并结合全文内容可知，作者认为Instagram对于青少年用户产生心理影响，是其诱发精神紧张，放大自身的自尊问题所致。故选D项。
36. B 37. F 38. G 39. C 40. E
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了职业生涯规划的影响技巧。
36. 根据下文“Gaining transferable（可转移的）knowledge begins with the choices you make at school. （可转让收益知识始于你在学校做出的选择）”推知，上文提到了“transferable（可转移的）knowledge”。B项“Gain transferable expertise and form close bonds with your colleagues. （获得可转移的专业知识，并与同事建立密切联系）”符合语境，故选B。
37. 根据上文“You want your education to provide you with the necessary skills and expertise to succeed in a wide variety of jobs. （你希望你的教育能为你提供必要的技能和专业知识，从而在各种各样的工作中取得成功）”可知，想要教育为你提供必要的技能和专业知识，就意味着对将要学习的专业课程做出明智的选择。F项“This means that you need to make smart choices about the courses you will follow. （这意味着你需要对你将要学习的课程做出明智的选择）”符合语境，故选F。
38. 根据上文“Let’s say you take a job putting together airplane leases. Within a few years, you could become the world’s expert on the subject. （比方说，你做了一份飞机租赁的工作。几年内，你就可以成为这方面的世界专家）”以及下文“By contrast, if you take a job that will expand your computer programming skills, you can greatly boost your options for later steps in your career. (相比之下，如果你从事的工作能够提高你的计算机编程技能，你可以极大地提高你职业生涯中后续步骤的选择。）”推知，空处与上文形成转折关系，指出这种领域的工作技能可能在其他行业帮不上忙。选项G“However, this narrow expertise probably won’t help you in any other line of work. （然而，这种狭隘的专业知识可能在任何其他工作领域都帮不上你）”承上启下，符合题意。故选G。
39. 根据下文“As a saying goes,’Organizations don’t hire people. People hire people. ‘（俗话说，’组织不雇佣人。人们雇佣人。’）”可知，人际关系非常重要，选项 C“Your next step should help you expand your web of personal relationships. （你的下一步应该可以帮助你拓展你的人际关系网）”符合题意，故选C。
40. 根据上文“Of course, you can build your network to some degree without changing jobs. （当然，你可以在一定程度上建立你的人际网络，而不必换工作）”说明可以使用其他的方式来建立人际关系网，选项E“You can attend conferences or participate in committees at trade associations. （你可以参加会议或参加贸易协会的委员会）”符合题意，故选E。
完形填空：
41. D 42. C 43. B 44. C 45. D 46. A 47. D 48. A 49. C 50. B 51. C
52. B 53. B 54. D 55. D 56. D 57. C 58. A 59. C 60. B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了心理学教授通过一杯水告诉学生们：生活中的压力和担忧就像这杯水。想一会儿，什么也不会发生。再多想一会儿，你就会开始有点疼了。整天想着它们，你会感到特别的麻木和麻痹——在你放下它们之前不能做任何事，建议要学会释放压力。
41. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我记得我们学校邀请了一位心理学教授，在一个坐满学生的礼堂里教授压力管理原则。A. physics物理；B. chemistry化学；C. literature文学；D. psychology心理学。根据后文“teaching stress management principles”可知教授压力管理原则的是心理学教授。故选D。
42. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我记得我们学校邀请了一位心理学教授，在一个坐满学生的礼堂里教授压力管理原则。A. decorated装饰；B. connected连接；C. filled装满；D. covered 覆盖。根据前文“invited to our school, taught stress management principles”和后文“with students”指礼堂里坐满了学生，应用be filled with固定搭配，意为“充满”。故选C。
43. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她端起一杯水时，我们每个人都以为自己会被问到“杯子半空还是半满”的典型问题。A. took拿出；B. raised提高，举起；C. drank喝；D. pointed指出。根据后文“a glass of water”以及“I’m holding”指教授举起一杯水。故选B。
44. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当她端起一杯水时，我们每个人都以为自己会被问到“杯子半空还是半满”的典型问题。A. interesting有趣的；B. meaningful有意义的；C. typical典型的；D. personal个人的。根据后文“‘glass half-empty or glass half-full’ question.”可知大家以为教授会问“杯子半空还是半满”的典型问题。故选C。
45. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，她面带微笑问道：“我举着的这杯水有多重？”A. Therefore因此；B. Besides此外；C. Then然后；D. Instead相反。根据下文“All of us shouted out answers ranging from eight ounces to a couple of pounds”可知教授没有问那个典型问题，相反她问水有多重。故选D。
46. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：相反，她面带微笑问道：“我举着的这杯水有多重？” A. heavy重的；B. much多少；C. clean干净的；D. large大的。根据后文“All of us shouted out answers ranging from eight ounces to a couple of pounds.”大家猜测水的重量可知问的是水有多重。故选A。
47. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：它要取决于我拿多久。A. stick to坚持；B. contributes to有助于；C. agrees on同意；D. depends on 取决于。根据后文“If I hold it for a minute or two, it’s fairly light.”可知水有多重取决于拿的时间。故选D。
48. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我一直拿着它一个小时，它的重量可能会让我的胳膊有点疼。A. ache疼痛；B. sour变酸；恶化 C. break折断；D. bend 弯曲。呼应后文“Think about them a bit longer and you begin to ache a little.”指拿着它一个小时，它的重量可能会让胳膊有点疼。故选A。
49. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果我连续举一天，我的手臂可能会抽筋，感觉完全麻木和麻痹，迫使我把杯子掉到地上。A. slightly稍微地；B. surprisingly惊人地；C. completely完全地；D. regularly定期地。根据后文“numb and paralyzed”可知把杯子举一天，手臂会完全麻木。故选C。
50. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我连续举一天，我的手臂可能会抽筋，感觉完全麻木和麻痹，迫使我把杯子掉到地上。A. allowing允许；B. forcing迫使；C. expecting期待；D. ordering命令。根据上文“my arm will likely cramp up and feel 9 numb and paralyzed”可知，手臂因为麻木被迫把杯子掉到地上。故选B。
51. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在以上每种情况下，杯子的重量都没有变化，但我拿得越久，就觉得它越重。A. shape形状；B. color颜色；C. weight 重量；D. size尺寸。根据后文“of the glass doesn’t change”可知不变的是杯子的重量。故选C。
52. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：全班都点头表示同意，她接着说：“你们生活中的压力和担忧就像这杯水。”A. shook摇动；B. nodded点头；C. hung悬挂；D. lifted举起。根据后文“our heads in agreement”可知全班都点头表示同意，故选B。
53. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：全班都点头表示同意，她接着说：“你们生活中的压力和担忧就像这杯水。”A. joys快乐；B. stresses压力；C. laughs笑；D. thrills兴奋。呼应上文“teaching stress management”教授把压力比作这杯水。故选B。
54. 考查不定代词辨析。句意：思考一会儿，什么也没发生。A. everything一切；B. something某事；C. anything任何事；D. nothing没有什么。根据上文“Think about them for a while”并结合常识可知，思考这些压力一会儿，不会发生什么事情。故选D。
55. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：整天想着它们，你会感到特别的麻木和麻痹一一在你放下它们之前你不能做任何事情。A. ignorant无知的；B. unable不能的；C. ashamed羞愧的；D. incapable无能力的，不会的。根据上文“you will feel specially numb and paralyzed”可知整天想着这些压力，什么做不了，be incapable of doing sth. “没有能力做某事；不会做某事”，unable不和of搭配，be unable to do sth. “不能做某事”。故选D。
56. 考查连接词词义辨析。句意：整天想着它们，你会感到特别的麻木和麻痹一一在你放下它们之前你不能做任何事情。A. since自从；B. after在……之后；C. if如果；D. until直到；在……之前。在你放下这些压力之前，你不能做任何事情，until引导时间状语从句。故选D。
57. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：重要的是要记住释放你的压力和担忧。A. look back on回忆；B. bear in mind记住；C. let go of释放；D. fit in with 与……相符合。根据后文“No matter what happens during the day, as early in the evening as you can, put all your burdens down. （不管白天发生了什么，晚上越早越好，放下你所有的负担）”可知，此处指释放你的压力和担忧。故选C。
58. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：不要带着它们度过漫漫长夜，直到第二天。A. carry搬运，携带；B. bother打扰；C. tolerate忍受；D. care 关心。根据上文“No matter what happens during the day, as early in the evening as you can, put all your burdens down. (不管白天发生了什么，晚上越早越好，放下你所有的负担)”可知强调不要带着压力过夜，故选A。
59. 考查短语和名词辨析。句意：如果你仍然感到昨天压力的重量，这是一个强烈的信号，是时候放下杯子了。A. last year’s去年的；B. today’s今天的；C. yesterday’s 昨天的；D. this year’s今年的。根据上文“into the next day with you”可知，不要带着压力过夜，即此处指感受到的是昨天的压力，故选C。
60. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你仍然感到昨天压力的重量，这是一个强烈的信号，是时候放下杯子了。A. work工作；B. glass杯子；C. paper试卷；D. attempt尝试。根据上文内容可知，教授把压力比作装着水的杯子，所以这里用放下杯子指代释放压力。故选B。
语篇填空
61. has taken 62. processing 63. and 64. that/which 65. to 66. analyses 67. serves 68. beneficial 69. incredibly 70. to come
短文改错
The teenage from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me. They were also the best and worse time in my life. At the first, I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by worst yourself. Besides, my parents didn’t seem to think so. They always me what to do and how myself However/Nevertheless/Nonetheless to do it. At one time, I felt my parents couldn’t understand me so I hoped I could be from them. I showed them I was independent by strange clothes. Now I am leaving home college. At last, I will be on my own, but I will love when my parents offer to send me to school.