2023届陕西省西安市等2地高三下学期三模英语试题（含答案）

2023届陕西省西安市等2地高三下学期三模英语试题

学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、阅读理解

Methuselah

Until 2013, Methuselah，an ancient bristlecone pine (狐尾松), had been the oldest known organism on Earth. While Methuselah still stands at the ripe old age of 4,848 in the White Mountains of California, in Inyo National Forest, another bristlecone pine which was unnamed in the area was discovered to be over 5,000 years old. Methuselah and the unnamed pine’s exact locations are kept a close secret in order to protect them.You can still visit the woods where Methuselah hides, but you’ll have to guess at which tree it is Could this one be it?

Sarv-e Abarqu

Sarv-e Abarqu, also called the “Zoroastrian Sarv”, is a cypress(柏树) tree in Yazd Province, Iran. The tree is estimated to be at least 4,000 years old. Having lived through the dawn of human civilization not far away, it is considered an Iranian national monument. Many have noted that Sarv-e Abarqu is most likely the oldest living thing in Asia.

Llangernyw Yew(紫衫)

This incredible yew is in a small churchyard of St. Digain’s Church in Llangernyw village, North Wales, United Kingdom. About 4,000 years old, the Llangernyw Yew was planted sometime in the prehistoric Bronze Age and it’s still growing! In 2002, the tree was named as one of 50 great British trees by the Tree Council.

The Senator

Though the Senator suffered tragedy in 2012 after a fire caused much of the tree to fall down, this iconic tree still stands. Formerly located in Florida, the Senator was widely considered the oldest of its species known to exist. It was also likely the largest U. S. tree of any species east of the Mississippi River. Estimated to have been around 3,500 years old, the Senator was used as a landmark for the Seminole Indians and other native tribes. The Senator’s size was particularly impressive because it went through many hurricanes, including one in 1925 which reduced its height by 40 feet.

1．Why will visitors be puzzled when they want to see Methuselah?

A．They can’t understand why it can be so old.

B．They don’t know how to protect it in its location.

C．They don’t believe it is a tree over 5,000 years old.

D．They can’t find out its specific location in the woods.

2．Which of the following is regarded as an Iranian national monument?

A．Methuselah. B．Sarv-e Abarqu. C．Llangernyw Yew. D．The Senator.

3．What did the tree Senator go through?

A．It was once burned to the ground.

B．It was once cut short by a hurricane.

C．It was once used to protect the Seminole Indians.

D．It was once named as the greatest British tree.

In 1971, I became a friend of Dave Scott, a former The Globe and Mail reporter. One day Dave and I were having a friendly argument about writing. I said that writing fiction is an art with which people had to be born, while non-fiction writing is a skill that could be learned. Dave’s position was that although the quality of writing could be enhanced by improving skills, all writing needs natural talent.

I bet (打赌) Dave twenty-five dollars that within a year I could develop sufficient non-fiction writing skills to have an article published in The Globe and Mail. Dave took the bet, and I started to look for non-fiction writing courses, Luckily, one day an advertisement about a writing course drew my attention. Because it emphasized the course covered both fiction and non-fiction writing, it seemed to be exactly what I wanted.

After completing the course, which took about six months, I was ready to submit an article to The Globe and Mail. I wrote one about a card game called “Forty five”, which is very popular in the Maritimes, The newspaper titled it Count the Cards and ran it on the Op-ed page (专栏版). I received fifty dollars from The Globe and Mail and twenty-five dollars from Dave.

After this success, I carried a stopwatch for a couple of weeks and kept track of time wasted through no fault of my own, such as waiting for elevators, subways and streetcars, being stopped at red lights, and watching TV commercials, And I turned the results into another article. The Globe and Mail titled this one Time’s A Wasting, and sent me another fifty dollars.

4．What was Dave’s opinion about writing?

A．The quality of writing couldn’t be improved easily.

B．Writing fiction is easier than writing non-fiction.

C．Writing shouldn’t be really considered art.

D．All writing requires a gift.

5．What aspect of the course caused the author to choose it?

A．It focused on improving non-fiction writing skills.

B．It covered both fiction and non-fiction writing.

C．It was supported by The Globe and Mail.

D．It had very famous writing teachers.

6．Why did the author keep track of time wasted?

A．To win the bet with his friend.

B．To prepare for his new writing.

C．To study how people made use of time.

D．To break his bad habit of wasting time.

7．What does the author’s experience mainly tell us?

A．We can write non-fiction well through learning.

B．Confidence can help people succeed.

C．Not everyone has a gift for writing.

D．Better late than never.

The Quwwat-ul-Islam Mosque complex in New Delhi is home to an ancient wonder of metal work — the Iron Pillar (柱) of Qutub Minar, which is very unusually resistant to rust (铁锈). This 1,600-year-old monument measures 7.21 meters tall, has a diameter of 41 centimeters and weighs about 6 tons.

Even though it has spent all that time outdoors, the Pillar of Qutub Minar shows almost no sign of rust damage. There was a time when many believed that the rust-resistant pillar was made out of some mysterious, non-earthly metal, while others believed that whoever made it used an extremely modern technique that was lost in the mists of time. That second theory is technically true, as metallurgists showed in a paper published in the journal Current Science.

R. Balasubramanian, co-author of the study, called the pillar “living evidence for the skill of metallurgists of ancient India”, explaining that the iron structure features a protective layer called “misawite” — a substance that forms a barrier between metal and rust. The formation of misawite is caused by the high phosphorus (磷) content in the iron.

While modern iron has a phosphorus content of under 0.05%, the iron that the Iron Pillar of Qutub Minar is made of contains as much as 1 percent phosphorus. According to Dr. Balasubramanian, instead of removing the phosphorus from the iron as workers do today to prevent the metal from breaking up, ancient people kept it in, and simply kept hitting the pillar hard with hammers to push the phosphorus from the core towards the surface. This kept the iron strong, and also led to the formation of the misawite barrier.

As is often the case with these ancient wonders, they can be easily harmed by humans. The pillar gained a reputation for bringing good luck to whoever managed to wrap their arms around the metal structure, and more and more people engaged in the practice over the years. But the misawite barrier is an extremely thin layer, so the practice has led to a visible discoloration of the pillar near its base. Luckily, authorities realized the danger and built a protective fence around the pillar.

8．What is a probable reason that the Iron Pillar of Qutub Minar can resist rust?

A．Its structure is extremely strong.

B．It contains some mysterious metal.

C．Its outside is covered with misawite.

D．It was made out of some non-earthly metal.

9．What does R. Balasubramanian think of the iron pillar?

A．Important. B．Ordinary. C．Imperfect. D．Dangerous.

10．Why did the ancient workers hit the iron pillar with hammers?

A．To check its quality.

B．To remove phosphorus from the iron.

C．To push the phosphorus towards its surface.

D．To produce more phosphorus in the pillar’s core.

11．What effect has people’s touching had on the iron pillar?

A．Improving its quality.

B．Making it more popular.

C．Bringing good luck to it.

D．Weakening its barrier layer.

In a major step forward for monitoring the biodiversity of marine(海洋的)systems, a new study published in the journal Environmental DNA details how Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute(MBARI) researchers are using autonomous underwater robots to sample environmental DNA(eDNA), which allows scientists to detect the presence of aquatic species from the tiny bits of genetic(遗传学的) material they leave behind. This “DNA soup” offers clues about biodiversity changes in sensitive areas and the presence of rare or endangered species-all critical to understanding and preserving a healthy ocean.

Researchers combined two novel autonomous platforms developed by MBARI for this study-the Long-Range Autonomous Underwater Vehicle(LRAUV) and the Environmental Sample Processor(ESP). The LRAUV can travel for weeks at a time and for hundreds of kilometers. It can enable more frequent sampling in remote sites than traditional research ships. The ESP is a robotic “laboratory-in-a-can” that filters(过滤)  seawater and preserves eDNA for future study. By equipping an LRAUV with ESP technology, researchers can monitor the ocean better.

“We know that eDNA is an incredibly powerful tool for studying ocean communities, but we’ve been limited by what we can accomplish using expensive crewed research ships. Now, autonomous technology is helping us make better use of our time and resources to study previously unsurveyed regions of the ocean,” said Kobun Truelove, a biological oceanographer at MBARI and the lead author of the paper.

Marine biodiversity is a measure of the abundance of individuals and species in the ocean. This interconnected mixture of organisms supports food webs, produces the air we breathe, and regulates our climate. Autonomous tools like the LRAUV and ESP enable MBARI researchers to monitor changes in sensitive ecosystems in ways that were not possible previously.

“Ship-based research will continue to play an important role in oceanographic studies, but adding new autonomous technology to the toolkit will expand capacity for research, monitoring, and resource management,” said Truelove.

12．What do the underlined words “aquatic species” in paragraph 1 refer to?

A．Those living in water. B．Those growing near water.

C．Those becoming endangered. D．Those consuming eDNA．

13．What can the LRAUV do?

A．Filter seawater effectively.

B．Preserve eDNA for future study.

C．Travel for months at a time in the ocean.

D．Reach remote areas of the ocean frequently.

14．What can we infer from Truelove’s words?

A．Autonomous technology is more economical and efficient.

B．Ship-based research is more time-saving and energy-saving.

C．Autonomous robots have entirely replaced traditional research ships.

D．Crewed research ships help researchers study new parts of the ocean.

15．What can be the best title for the text?

A．Researchers Discover a “DNA Soup”

B．Autonomous Technology Needs Improving

C．Robots Sample eDNA to Monitor Ocean Health

D．The Biodiversity of the Ocean Needs Protection

二、七选五

When your work performance is falling, your personal life will certainly be affected.____16____However, if you are equipped with some effective methods, you can absolutely improve your work performance.

Get clear on your goals. With a clear goal in your mind, you are more likely to take action.____17____ For each set of goals, decide your own time frame. Refer to these goals on a regular basis and make sure that you are noting the progress you are making.

Plan each day the night before. If you have no daily plan of action, you tend to end up fighting lots of small fires at work.____18____ As a consequence, your work productivity suffers. Therefore, it is necessary to take the time to plan for the next day.

____19____You should never spend all your time on the tasks you have to complete each day. Instead, take time out to spend with your colleagues. Therefore, you should make a plan on what you need to do each day and write it in details.

Celebrate your success. Managing your mind is the key to your moving forward. The best way to keep a good state is to celebrate your achievements. You should do this regularly.____20____

In a word, if you want to improve your work performance, you should have a clear action plan and know what needs to be done and how it should be done. If you apply these ways to your life, you will become an excellent performer.

A．Create a daily action plan.

B．Improve your relationship greatly.

C．You have to face various challenges.

D．Having a clear idea can give you proper directions.

E．Only in this way can you keep your motivation up.

F．This can stop you doing important tasks that need doing.

G．Therefore, try writing down the goals you want to achieve.

三、完形填空

I manage a financial department. I recently____21____my team that if they exceeded (超过) their goal, the company would ____22____ them to a very good Italian restaurant that we all love. They exceeded the goal by a lot, so I made a ____23____ for the sixteen of us.

On the day of our outing, we were seated right away and the waitress took our drink order. Then, the waitress told us that she was sorry, because the person who was ____24____to be helping her didn’t ____25____.So she had to____26____ our party and other customers on her own.

She looked at me in ____27____when I told her that I would____28____for everything on one check instead of ____29____checks. Our ordering was a little chaotic (混乱的). We were busy having fun and conversation, so none of us ____30____that. The food was delicious and we enjoyed it very much. It came time for the bill and, as was____31____ to me when I made the reservation, the restaurant ____32____ an 18% tip to the bill. The bill came to about US $ 650 and I gave her my credit card.

She returned with my receipt and thanked us,____33____ that her service was a little slow. We told her everything was perfect and thanked her for working so hard. She had been so nice and ____34____ to us that I left a(n)____35____US $ 50 cash tip in the receipt folder.

All of a sudden, the waitress came out of the restaurant and grabbed my arm. I was thinking if I____36____to sign the receipt or something when I noticed she had____37____in her eyes. She thanked me for the tip and said she really didn’t ____38____ it. She had had a ____39____ time lately and the tip really ____40____ her heart.

21．A．promised B．warned C．gained D．requested

22．A．order B．treat C．lend D．lead

23．A．decision B．reservation C．difference D．remark

24．A．worried B．reported C．surprised D．supposed

25．A．set off B．calm down C．show up D．ring back

26．A．observe B．attend C．handle D．postpone

27．A．anger B．embarrassment C．fear D．relief

28．A．account B．pay C．answer D．apply

29．A．separate B．individual C．commercial D．digital

30．A．minded B．heard C．missed D．approved

31．A．admitted B．suggested C．explained D．given

32．A．reduced B．passed C．returned D．added

33．A．apologizing B．announcing C．arguing D．noticing

34．A．generous B．patient C．honest D．faithful

35．A．familiar B．complete C．additional D．precious

36．A．tried B．agreed C．forgot D．refused

37．A．smiles B．tears C．hope D．disappointment

38．A．understand B．remember C．want D．expect

39．A．tough B．harmonious C．wonderful D．meaningful

40．A．encouraged B．closed C．shocked D．warmed

四、用单词的适当形式完成短文

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The New Zealand economy is struggling with many challenges, primarily high inflation (通货膨胀) and rising interest rates, according to a report by the New Zealand Institute of Economic Research.

These challenges add ____41____continued labor shortages, under the still____42____(evidence) influence of the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly in the service industry. These factors are strongly influencing the economy in New Zealand, with signs of slowing activity across many____43____ (industry), the institute’s principal economist Christina Leung said. “Cost pressures remain serious for families and businesses,____44____it is driving pessimism (悲观).” Leung said. She added that central banks around the world have responded to high inflation by increasing interest rates ____45____(rapid). Up to now, the increase in interest rates ____46____(have) the most immediate effect on the housing market, with the number of house sales ____47____(fall) and a decline in house prices. The latest retail sales data show a slowing in retail spending and this phenomenon is thought ____48____ (continue), Leung said.

Despite these challenges, there remain factors supporting the ____49____ (recover) ahead. These include continued growth in incomes and new signs____50____indicate cost pressures start to ease, particularly with the recent decline in fuel prices, according to the report.

五、短文改错

51．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除:把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。

修改:在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;

2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

Tom loved dogs and really wanted to keeping a dog as a pet. However, his mother had to work and had no time to look for after a pet. One day, a homeless dog gave birth to eight puppies in the garden. As Tom heard the news, he immediate took action to help. He brought an old bed sheet for mother dog. He brought a bowl of water and some biscuits, either. Soon the puppies followed him around all the times. When the puppies grow older, Tom decided to adopt one. Her mother agreed because how he had done proved he could take good care of it. And Tom felt very pleasing.

六、邀请信

52．假定你是李华，你想邀请喜欢雕塑的美国交换生朋友Allen一起参观你市即将举办的首届室外雕塑展。请你给他写一封信，内容包括：

1.写信目的；

2.雕塑展的时间、地点、内容等。

注意：

1.词数100左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考答案：

1．D    2．B    3．B

4．D    5．B    6．B    7．A

8．C    9．A    10．C    11．D

12．A    13．D    14．A    15．C

16．C    17．G    18．F    19．A    20．E

21．A    22．B    23．B    24．D    25．C    26．C    27．D    28．B    29．A    30．A    31．C    32．D    33．A    34．B    35．C    36．C    37．B    38．D    39．A    40．D

41．to    42．evident    43．industries    44．and    45．rapidly    46．has had    47．falling    48．to continue    49．recovery    50．which/that

51．1. keeping →keep

2. 删除look后的for

3. immediate →immediately

4. 在mother前加the

5. either →too

6. times →time

7. grow →grew

8.Her →His  

9. how →what

10. pleasing →pleased

52．One possible version:

Dear Allen,

Knowing that you are enthusiastic about sculpture, I’m writing to invite you to join me to attend the first outdoor sculpture exhibition in our city.

The exhibition is going to be held at Dongshan Park next Sunday. During the exhibition, you will be offered a chance to admire more than 150 selected sculptures by 100 sculptors. Besides, we can listen to the explanations of professional volunteers and ask them questions about sculpture. Most importantly, it will be a valuable place where we can share ideas with others. I believe you will definitely learn a lot. If it appeals to you, shall we meet at the gate of the park at 9:00 am next Sunday?

Looking forward to your early reply.

Yours,

Li Hua