高中Unit 4 Natural disasters图文课件ppt

这是一份高中Unit 4 Natural disasters图文课件ppt，共39页。PPT课件主要包含了单元语法精析 ，知识概览，句2　，句3　，句5　，句1　，句4　，who　，whose　，that　等内容，欢迎下载使用。

Sectin Ⅱ　Discvering Useful Structures/
Grammar——限制性定语从句(1)
探究发现1．Eleven kilmetres directly belw the city, ne f the mst deadly earthquakes f the 20th century had begun, a quake that/which even caused damage mre than 150 kilmetres away in Beijing. 2．The number f peple wh/that were killed r badly injured in the quake was mre than 400，000．
3．Sn after the quakes，the army sent 150，000 sldiers t Tangshan t dig ut thse wh were trapped and t bury the dead. 4．Wrkers built shelters fr survivrs whse hmes had been destryed. 5．The man(whm/wh/that)I have t phne lives in Canada.
[我的发现](1)关系代词wh指人，在定语从句中作主语、表语或宾语，如______、______和______。(2)关系代词whm指人，在定语从句中作_____语，在口语和非正式文体中可用wh或that替换，如______。
(3)关系代词which指_____，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，如______。(4)关系代词that既可以指人也可以指_____，在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语，如______、______和______。(5)关系代词whse既可以指人也可以指物，在定语从句中作_____语，如______。
一、定语从句的概述在复合句中对名词、代词、名词性短语、句子进行修饰、限定的从句叫定语从句。被定语从句修饰的成分叫先行词。引导定语从句的关系词有两种：关系代词和关系副词。常见的关系代词包括that, which, wh(宾格为whm，所有格为whse)等，关系副词包括where, when, why等。关系代词和关系副词有三个作用：①引导从句；②指代先行词；③在定语从句中作成分。
The peple whm yu met n the campus yesterday are frm England. 你昨天在大学校园里见到的那些人来自英国。He is reading a bk which is written by Lu Xun. 他正在读一本鲁迅写的书。
二、关系代词的用法1．关系代词有wh, whm, whse, which, that等。它们的具体使用情况如下表所示：
2．在定语从句中，使用关系代词时我们应该考虑两点：一是先行词是 “人” 还是 “物” ；二是关系代词在定语从句中充当什么成分。He is a man wh/that means what he says. 他是一个说话算话的人。(先行词指人，关系代词wh/that引导定语从句，并在从句中作主语)
Is there anyne in yur class whse father is a teacher?你们班有谁的父亲是老师？(先行词指人，关系代词whse引导定语从句，并在定语从句中作定语)T be frank, I dn’t like the mvie (which/that) yu recmmended t me yesterday. 坦率地讲，我不喜欢你昨天推荐给我的那部影片。(先行词指物，关系代词which/that引导定语从句，并在从句中作宾语，可省略)
(1)关系代词在从句中作主语时，根据先行词的单复数确定从句谓语动词的单复数。He is the nly ne f the students wh knws French in ur class. 他是我们班里唯一懂法语的学生。(the nly ne为先行词)He is ne f the students wh knw French in ur class. 他是我们班里懂法语的学生之一。(students为先行词)
(2)whse还是which关系代词在定语从句中作定语时，无论指人还是指物，都要用whse，而不能用which。That’s the new machine whse parts are t small t be seen. 那是一台零件小到看不见的新机器。Have yu seen the film Titanic, whse leading actr is wrld-famus?你看过《泰坦尼克号》这部电影吗？它的男主角是世界著名的。
关系词，引定从，它们的用法各不同。that可作主宾表，指人指物它都行。which专来指物用，主语、宾语它也能。wh和whm来指人，whm仅作宾语用。whse一词作定语，指人指物都管用。
用适当的关系代词填空①The wman ______ is shaking hands with my sister is a dctr. ②Thse ______ want t see the film set dwn yur names，please. ③I like thse bks ________ tpics are abut histry. ④The ld man __________________ yu spke t is a famus artist.
whm/wh/that　
⑤Lk，here are sme peple __________________I want yu t meet. ⑥D yu still remember the chicken farm ______________ we visited three mnths ag?⑦The picture ______________ was abut the accident was terrible.
wh/whm/that　
that/which　
which/that　
三、关系代词that与which的用法辨析1．关系代词用that而不用which的情况(1)当先行词是all, much, anything, nthing, everything，little, nne等不定代词时或先行词被all，much，any，n，every，sme，little等不定代词修饰时She tld me everything that she knew. 她把她所知道的一切都告诉了我。
(2)先行词既有人又有物时I can remember well the persns and sme pictures that I saw in the rm. 我能清楚地记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。(3)先行词为序数词或被序数词修饰时The first place that they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill. 在桂林他们参观的第一个地方是象鼻山。
(4)先行词为形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时This is the best film that I have ever seen. 这是我看过的最好的电影。(5)先行词为the last, the nly, the very, the same等或被这些词修饰时This is the nly bk that is wrth reading. 这是唯一值得一读的书。This is the very rm that I slept in that evening. 这正是我那天晚上睡觉的房间。
the same…as与the same…that的区别一般情况下，the same…as指的是与先行词同类的事物/人，而the same…that与先行词指的是同一个事物/人。This is the same pen as I bught yesterday. 这和我昨天买的那支钢笔一样。(同一类，表相似)This is the same pen that I brrwed frm Mr Li. 这就是我从李老师那里借的钢笔。(同一物，表同一)
(6)主句是以wh或which开头的特殊疑问句时Which is the true stry that he tld us?他给我们讲的哪一个故事是真实的？
2．关系代词用which而不用that的情况(1)先行词为that时—What’s that which is under the desk?桌子底下的那个东西是什么？—It’s a ftball. 那是一个足球。
(2)关系代词前有介词时This is the rm in which he lives. 这是他住的房间。(3)引导非限制性定语从句时Tm came back, which made us happy. 汤姆回来了，这使我们很高兴。
强调句与定语从句的区别It was the student that/wh asked the silly questin. 就是这个学生问了这么一个愚蠢的问题。(强调句)He was the student wh asked the silly questin. 他就是那个问了愚蠢问题的学生。(定语从句)
选词填空(that/which)①Finally, the thief handed everything _______ he had stlen t the plice. ②Have yu any bks _______ are wrth reading?③This is the best film _______ I have ever seen. ④I’m ging t talk abut the cuntries and peple _______ I have visited. ⑤Bamb is hllw, ________ makes it very light.
完成句子⑥This is the mst beautiful park _______________________. 这是我参观过的最漂亮的公园。⑦She tk phtgraphs f the things and peple __________________ ______________. 她把给她深刻印象的人和物都拍摄下来了。⑧Chatting was the nly thing ________________________. 聊天是她唯一最感兴趣的事。
(that) I have visited　
(that) she was impressed with　
that interested her mst　
专项练习Ⅰ．单句语法填空1．During the rsy years f elementary schl，I enjyed sharing my dlls and jkes，________ allwed me t keep my high scial status. 2．It is the tallest building _______ Daming has seen ever since he came here. 3．She said she wuld d anything _______ culd help her mther recver frm the disease.
4．_____ is mentined abve, the number f the students in senir high schls is increasing. 5．This activity was warmly welcmed by students，all f _______ cnsidered it helpful t aruse their learning interest. 6．The mment when yu are feeling sad，read what yu wrte previusly，________ will help uplift yur spirits.
7．The band was very ppular ten years ag, mst f ________ members were in their twenties. 8．I wuld like t buy the same bk _____ she is reading. 9．Barbara is easy t recgnize as she’s the nly ne f the wmen wh ________ (wear) evening dress. 10．I have the same magazine _____ yu bught just nw.
Ⅱ. 完成句子1．This is the magazine ___________________________. 这就是我最喜欢的那本杂志。2．The girl _____________________ is ne f my classmates. 正在唱歌的女孩是我的一个同学。3．We’re talking abut the pian and the pianist _________________ ________. 我们正在讨论昨晚见到的钢琴和钢琴家。
(that/which) I like best　
wh/that is singing　
(that) we saw last night　
4．Everything ___________________ has been dne. 应当做的事情已经做了。5．This afternn we’ll g t see the pht shw ______________ __________________. 今天下午我们要去看你们参观过的照片展。6．I’ll tell yu _____________________________. 我要告诉你他上周告诉我的一切。7．That tree __________________________ lks very beautiful. 那棵开着淡红色的花的树看起来很漂亮。
that shuld be dne　
(that/which) yu have visited　
all (that) he tld me last week　
whse flwers are light red　
8．The girl _________________________________________ is Tm’s sister. 他们正在谈论的女孩是汤姆的妹妹。9．Can yu lend me the bk _______________________________?你能借给我你昨天买的那本书吗？10．Is this the factry ________________________ the ther day?这是你那天参观过的那家工厂吗？
(wh/whm/that) they are talking abut　
(that/which) yu bught yesterday　
(that/which) yu visited　
Ⅲ．使用定语从句简要介绍你的家人和你1．我父亲在本市非常著名的一家医院工作。(which/that)2．我的母亲就在我上学的那所学校教数学。(which/that)3．她喜欢看著名演员主演的电视剧。(whse)4．我是一个热爱篮球的男孩。(wh)5．我有几个经常一起打篮球的好朋友。(whm/wh/that)
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