还剩23页未读，
继续阅读
所属成套资源：2023年高考押题预测卷
成套系列资料，整套一键下载
2023年高考押题预测卷02（云南、安徽、黑龙江、吉林、山西五省通用）-英语（全解全析）
展开
这是一份2023年高考押题预测卷02（云南、安徽、黑龙江、吉林、山西五省通用）-英语（全解全析），共26页。
2023年高考押题预测卷02【云南、安徽、黑龙江、吉林、山西五省通用】
英语·全解全析
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如
需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写
在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What do we know about the boy?
A．He prefers eating cold food.
B．He ate something else in advance.
C．He doesn’t like his mom’s cooking.
【答案】B
【原文】W: Finish your lunch; it’s getting cold, honey.
M: I’d love to, but just can’t. I’m full.
W: Why? It’s not to your liking?
M: Sorry, Mom. Actually, it’s good, but I had some snacks before lunch.
2．Where did the woman go before the meal?
A．To her home. B．To a cinema. C．To a cafe.
【答案】C
【原文】M: I heard you dated James, didn’t you? You are always nervous when going on a first date. Would you mind sharing the story with me?
W: Well, he is a great guy. We had coffee to start, and then we went out to dinner and a movie before he drove me home.
3．Why doesn’t the girl want to go with the boy?
A．She enjoys walking alone.
B．She needs to get to school on time.
C．She walks too slowly to catch up with him.
【答案】B
【原文】M: Shall we go to school together tomorrow?
W: I think I’ll go by myself. I have to get to school early.
M: But it’s more fun if you come with me. We can chat on the way there.
W: But we’re often late because you walk too slowly. I like chatting, but we can walk home after school.
4．What did the man buy yesterday?
A．A shirt. B．A jacket. C．A sweater.
【答案】C
【原文】M: I went to the shopping center yesterday. I saw lots of nice shirts and jackets.
W: But you’ve already got lots of shirts.
M: Yes. And the jacket I liked was expensive. Actually I ended up with a rather stylish new sweater.
5．What has happened to the river?
A．The fish in it has died out.
B．It has stopped flowing.
C．It’s got badly polluted.
【答案】C
【详解】W: The water is still flowing but it smells really terrible.
M: People must be stopped from throwing dirty things into the river. Or there will be no fish in it at all.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．What does the man suggest buying for Anne at first?
A．Chocolates. B．A scarf. C．Flowers.
7．Where will the speakers go next?
A．To a garden. B．To a shop. C．To the teacher’s office.
【答案】6．B 7．B
【原文】
M: We need to decide what to get as a present for Ann at the end of our course.
W: Yes, she is such a great teacher. How about chocolates?
M: That’s not very exciting. We could get something to wear, like a scarf.
W: She seems to have lots of those already. What about flowers?
M: But she told us she had a garden full of them! Let’s go with your first idea and buy her the largest box possible.
W: Great! Let’s do it now.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8．Who is the woman talking to?
A．The house owner. B．A repairman. C．A painter.
9．What will the woman do if her problem isn’t solved?
A．Send a large bill to the man.
B．Find someone to fix the wall.
C．Fix the electricity wires herself.
【答案】8．A 9．B
【原文】
M: Hi, Jack speaking.
W: This is Rose. I’ve phoned about the wall a couple of times and I’m afraid nothing’s happened.
M: I’m sorry, Rose. I’ll get someone to fix it.
W: The wet area is spreading all the time and it’s getting closer to electricity wires. It could be very dangerous. If nothing is done about it soon, I’ll have to find somebody myself to deal with it, and it really won’t be my fault if you receive a very large bill.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．What is the woman’s problem?
A．She has a cough.
B．She has a breathing problem.
C．She is a little overweight.
11．What does the man advise the woman to do on weekends?
A．To play badminton. B．To do some yoga. C．To go running.
12．What does the man want to buy?
A．A badminton racket. B．Yoga clothes. C．A pair of sports shoes.
【答案】10．C 11．B 12．A
【原文】W: Oh, climbing upstairs is almost killing me. I am out of breath now.
M: You have put on a lot of weight recently; I think you should lose weight to keep healthy.
W: Oh, I can’t stand eating too little, and exercise like running is too hard for me. I don’t like doing exercise by myself.
M: I have a good idea; you can play badminton with us. We play badminton from 6pm to 8pm every weekday. And you can also do yoga on weekends. I know that Rachel is doing it, so you can join her.
W: That sounds great. I think I will enjoy that. I don’t have any yoga clothes or sports shoes.
M: I am free today. What about going shopping together? I need a new badminton racket, too.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．Where does this conversation take place?
A．At the airport.
B．In a restaurant.
C．On the street.
14．Why does the woman like San Francisco?
A．It has less traffic.
B．It has the best food and music.
C．People there are friendlier.
15．Where does the woman come from?
A．Pennsylvania.
B．San Francisco.
C．China.
16．What does the woman think of the man’s English?
A．Excellent.
B．Acceptable.
C．Strange.
【答案】13．A 14．B 15．A 16．A
【原文】
M：Excuse me, do you mind if I sit here?
W：Not at all, go ahead.
M：Thank you.
W：Are you going somewhere or are you meeting someone?
M：I’m on my way to Washington, and you?
W：I’m on my way to San Francisco.
M：Really? I think San Francisco is probably the most exciting city in the US.
W：So do I. No other city has as many good restaurants or as much good music.
M：Is San Francisco your hometown?
W：No, I’m from a very small town in Pennsylvania.I wouldn’t want to live there again either. I don’t like small town living very much.
M：Er…neither do I really. But small towns have their advantages, less traffic.
W：And friendly people. You know I’m beginning to feel homesick. By the way, where are you from?
M：China.
W：China? But you speak English like a native speaker. I didn’t have any idea.
M：Oh, excuse me, it’s time for my flight. Well, nice talking with you.
W：Me too. Bye.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．Where is the flight heading?
A．To London B．To Kentucky C．To New York
18．When will the flight land?
A．At 9:50 a. m B．At 9:45 p. m C．At 9:55 p. m.
19．What time is it now?
A．9:00 a. m. B．9:35 a. m. C．9:45 a. m.
20．What is not allowed during the flight?
A．Using a cellphone B．Using a laptop computer C．Smoking
【答案】17．A 18．B 19．B 20．C
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Every delicious steak you have ever enjoyed eating started with a good cut of meat. However, picking that perfect cut can be challenging—supermarkets are flooded with options, and it is not as straightforward as simply choosing the one with the highest price tag. Follow this guide for some advice.
Tenderloin(US), Fillet(UK), Eye Fillet(AUS/NZ)
A classic cut, the tenderloin comes from the strip of muscle tucked against the backbone of the animal. As this muscle does not do much work, this is the tenderest cut of beef—which also makes it the most expensive, and arguably the most desirable. We say “arguably” because, while the tenderloin is supremely lean and a favorite of those who love their steak to melt in their mouth, it can also be tasteless. Filet mignon, widely referred to as the creme de la creme (精华) of all steak cuts, is cut from the very tip of the tenderloin.
Ribeye(US/ UK), Scotch fillet(AUS/NZ)
This cut, from the rib section of the animal, comes with an abundance of rich marbling. The ribeye won’t give you that same “melt-in-your-mouth” feeling, but it is still one of the tenderest cuts available. Differently, the ribeye is cooked with the bone in, while the Scotch fillet is not.
Strip(US), Sirloin(UK), Porterhouse(AUS/NZ)
Coming from the hindquarter of the animal, the strip is not quite as tender as the tenderloin, or loaded with quite as much flavor as the ribeye, but for many steak lovers, it is just right. The best part is that because this all-rounder has a bit more chew and a bit less marbling than those cuts, it tends to be less expensive.
T-bone
Can’t decide between the tenderloin and the strip? Why not both? The T-bone is cut with strip on one side of a bone, and tenderloin on the other. With two very different textures (口感) and flavors, the T-bone gets the best of both worlds, but it can also be more difficult to cook. The meat closer to the bone is slower to cook than the rest of the steak.
21．What makes the tenderloin the most expensive part among the steak?
A．Different textures. B．Much flavor.
C．Rich marbling. D．The tenderest cut.
22．What can we learn about the steaks from the passage?
A．It’s not a piece of cake to pick a perfect cut.
B．All things considered, Ribeye is the best.
C．A good cut only means the most expensive one.
D．It usually takes little time to cook T-bone.
23．Which of the following is not mentioned in the article concerning steak?
A．Price. B．Packaging. C．Cooking method. D．Flavor.
【答案】21．D 22．A 23．B
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一些选优质牛排的方法。
21．细节理解题。根据Tenderloin(US), Fillet(UK), Eye Fillet(AUS/NZ)部分的“As this muscle does not do much work, this is the tenderest cut of beef—which also makes it the most expensive, and arguably the most desirable. (由于这块肌肉不做太多的工作，所以它是牛肉中最嫩的部分，这也使得它最贵，也可以说是最令人满意的)”可知，tenderloin在牛排里面是最贵的部分是因为它是最嫩的牛肉块。故选D。
22．细节理解题。根据第一段的“However, picking that perfect cut can be challenging—supermarkets are flooded with options, and it is not as straightforward as simply choosing the one with the highest price tag.(然而，要挑出最完美的那块是很有挑战性的——超市里琳琅满目的选择，不像选择价格最高的那块那么简单)”可知，选择一个完美的牛肉块不是那么容易的。故选A。
23．细节理解题。Strip(US), Sirloin(UK), Porterhouse(AUS/NZ)部分的“it tends to be less expensive(所以它往往更便宜)”提到了牛排的价格；Ribeye(US/ UK), Scotch fillet(AUS/NZ)部分的“Differently, the ribeye is cooked with the bone in(不同的是，肋眼是带着骨头一起煮的)”提到了烹饪方法；Strip(US), Sirloin(UK), Porterhouse(AUS/NZ)部分的“Coming from the hindquarter of the animal, the strip is not quite as tender as the tenderloin, or loaded with quite as much flavor as the ribeye, but for many steak lovers, it is just right. (来自牛的后腿，这条肉不像里脊肉那么嫩，也不像肋眼肉那么有味道，但对许多牛排爱好者来说，它刚刚好)”和T-bone部分的“With two very different textures (口感) and flavors(有两种非常不同的纹理和口感)”提到风味。因此，选项中关于牛排没有提到的是包装。故选B。
B
Growing up, Steph Clemence didn’t live in any one place for long because her mother was always on the move. By the time she was a senior in high school, Steph had lived in 25 places. Still, she had good grades and thought she would be going to college. But when her father died in a car accident, leaving her mother to support three daughters, paying for college was out of the question.
Steph found a job and tried to work out what to do with a life that had deviated(偏离) from the plan she’d carefully laid out.
The answer came one afternoon when she was cleaning her drawer (抽屉) and found a handout titled “Mrs. Clark’s Book List.” It was from the English teacher she’d had in her junior year at McKenzie High School in Vida, Oregon. One afternoon, Mrs. Clark walked into the classroom carrying a pile (摞) of handouts. She asked each student to take one. It could be a road map, she said. “Some of you mightn’t go on to higher education,” Mrs. Clark said, “but you can continue to learn.” She’d spent months creating a list of 153 books from the United States and abroad.
Steph studied the list. And so it began. “I was hopeful and decided to improve myself,” Steph says. “I would read every book in the order they appeared.”
Over the years, the reading list was a constant (不变的事物) in her life, traveling with her even on vacations. When the original (原先的) list wore out, she typed up a new copy. And then another.
Now Steph is 70, and she never did get to college. But she has only four books left to read from the list. She expects to finish them sometime in 2023. “Each of the books has added something to who I am and how I see the world,” she says. “They’ve opened so many doors for me about the environment, history, etc. I’m no expert, but I now have the background to see why things happened and what they might mean.”
24．What did Steph dream of doing as a senior in high school?
A．Going to college.
B．Landing a good job.
C．Making a lot of money.
D．Traveling around the world.
25．What did Steph realize after seeing Mrs. Clark’s Book List?
A．She loved reading so much.
B．She had almost forgotten her goal.
C．She had been living a meaningless life.
D．She could continue to learn even without school.
26．What can we learn about 70-year-old Steph?
A．She has made it to college.
B．She hopes to write her own books.
C．She has almost read all the books on the list.
D．She plans to create a new reading list for herself.
27．How does Steph feel about reading books?
A．It has made a difference to her.
B．It allows her to become an expert.
C．It is a habit everyone should develop.
D．It has become the main part of her life.
【答案】24．A 25．D 26．C 27．A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了因家庭变故而无法考入大学的Steph立志终身阅读，提升自己，演绎出别样精彩的人生。
24．细节理解题。根据第一段“Still, she had good grades and thought she would be going to college. (然而，她成绩优秀，认为自己会顺利考入大学)”可知，Steph上高三时，梦想着顺利考入大学，继续学习深造，故选A项。
25．推理判断题。根据第三段““Some of you mightn’t go on to higher education,” Mrs. Clark said, “but you can continue to learn.”(“你们中的一些人可能无法继续接受高等教育，”克拉克夫人说，“但你们可以继续学习。”)”和第四段““I was hopeful and decided to improve myself,” Steph says. “I would read every book in the order they appeared.”(“我满怀希望，决定提高自己，”斯蒂芬说。“我会按照每本书出现的顺序阅读它们”)”可知，Steph在发现克拉克老师留下的书单后，回想起她曾经鼓励的话语，决定坚持继续学习，故选D项。
26．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Now Steph is 70, and she never did get to college. But she has only four books left to read from the list. She expects to finish them sometime in 2023. (如今，斯蒂芬70岁了，但她从未上过大学。但是她只剩下四本书要读了。她预计在2023年的某个时候完成这些任务)”可知，70岁的Steph几乎将书单上列的书籍读完了，故选C项。
27．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Each of the books has added something to who I am and how I see the world, (每一本书都让我了解了我是谁，我是如何看待这个世界的)”可知，Steph阅读的每本书都加强了自己人生的厚度，对他产生了深远的影响，故选A项。
C
In a high-tech lab on John’s Hopkins University’s Homewood campus in Maryland, engineers have been building a robot that may be able to stitch (缝针) back together the broken tissues in your stomach and even your brain, no doctor needed.
The robot has a high-tech camera on one arm and a high-tech sewing machine on a second arm. The goal is to develop, in the next several years, a robot that makes the delicate work more consistent.
The robot, known as Smart Tissue Autonomous Robot, or STAR, which is run by a highly advanced computer program, will advance technology currently in wide use in operating rooms. The robot completes about a stitch a minute, slightly slower than a human surgeon. But the tests so far have shown more consistency than what the humans can achieve.
Long hours of traditional surgery can cause human hands to get tired and tremble, which may cause accidents during an operation. Robert Langer, an engineer, said the robotic arm could change the way surgeries are done. He has helped found dozens of biotech companies including Galen Robotics. The robotic arm being developed by Hopkins engineers is this company’s product.
Galen CEO Bruce Lichorowic compared the robotic arm to future for surgeons, saying it increases their stability, reduces tiredness and prevents cramps (抽搐) during long surgeries, all of which lead to safer surgeries.
Galen Robotics has its roots in research from Johns Hopkins University, but the company had been based in Silicon Valley until 2019. “The company currently employs about 40 people, about half of whom have advanced degrees from Johns Hopkins,” said Lichorowic, adding that the company plans to grow to 60 positions by the end of the year.
Galen’s robotic arm is not for sale yet, but Lichorowic said the company expects to submit an application to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) later this year.
28．What can STAR do?
A．Shorten operation time. B．Replace human surgeons.
C．Make operations smooth. D．Advance medical studies.
29．What does Lichorowic think of STAR?
A．Flexible. B．High-cost. C．Promising. D．Unpredictable.
30．What can we know about Galen Robotics?
A．It is sponsored by John’s Hopkins University. B．It still has its base in Silicon Valley now.
C．Its robot arm will be released later this year. D．It is scheduled to expand within this year.
31．In which column is this text most likely to appear?
A．Mind & Brain. B．Health & Technology. C．Business & Investment. D．Physics & Medicine.
【答案】28．C 29．C 30．D 31．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了马里兰州约翰霍普金斯大学霍姆伍德校区的一个高科技实验室里正在研制智能组织自主机器人（STAR），尽管动作比人类外科医生慢，但是可以使手术更顺畅。
28．细节理解题。根据第三段“The robot, known as Smart Tissue Autonomous Robot, or STAR, which is run by a highly advanced computer program, will advance technology currently in wide use in operating rooms. The robot completes about a stitch a minute, slightly slower than a human surgeon. But the tests so far have shown more consistency than what the humans can achieve. (该机器人被称为智能组织自主机器人（STAR），由高度先进的计算机程序运行，将推进目前广泛应用于手术室的技术。机器人大约一分钟完成一针，比人类外科医生稍慢。但迄今为止的测试显示出的连贯性比人类所能达到的要高)”可知，STAR尽管缝针速度不如人类外科医生，但是缝合动作的连贯性比人类医生好，可以使手术更顺畅。故选C项。
29．推理判断题。根据第五段“Galen CEO Bruce Lichorowic compared the robotic arm to future for surgeons, saying it in-creases their stability, reduces tiredness and prevents cramps (抽搐) during long surgeries, all of which lead to safer surgeries. (Galen公司首席执行官Bruce Lichorowic将这种机械臂比作外科医生的未来，他说，它可以增加他们的稳定性，减少疲劳，防止长时间手术期间的抽搐，所有这些都可以使手术更安全。)”可知，Lichorowic把机械臂比作外科医生的未来，有着诸多的优点，说明他认为这种机械臂有前途的（Promising.）。故选C项。
30．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“‘The company currently employs about 40 people, about half of whom have advanced degrees from Johns Hopkins,’ said Lichorowic, adding that the company plans to grow to 60 positions by the end of the year. (Lichorowic表示：‘公司目前约有40名员工，其中约一半拥有约翰霍普金斯大学的高等学位。’他还补充说，公司计划在年底前将职位增加到60个。)”可知，说明公司要在年内扩大规模，增加工作岗位。故选D项。
31．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“In a high-tech lab on John’s Hopkins University’s Homewood campus in Maryland, engineers have been building a robot that may be able to stitch (缝针) back together the broken tissues in your stomach and even your brain, no doctor needed. (在马里兰州约翰霍普金斯大学霍姆伍德校区的一个高科技实验室里，工程师们一直在建造一个机器人，它可能能够将你胃里甚至大脑里破碎的组织缝合起来，而不需要医生。)”可知，本文介绍一个能进去人体内帮助缝补组织的智能组织自主机器人，由此推知，本文最有可能出现“健康与科技（Health & Technology.）”专栏。故选B项。
D
Excessive (过度的) smartphone use is a distinctly 21st century issue, but that doesn’t make it any less problematic. Countless people spend their days endlessly scrolling from one social media feed or app to the next. Many argue there’s an easy solution: place it in silent mode (模式).
Now, however, researchers from Penn State find that this approach can actually backfire for certain people. Study authors report people checked their phones more often when their devices were in silent mode. Notably, participants who scored high in “fear of missing out” and “need to belong” personality tests checked their phones the most after placing them on silent. In some cases, these individuals stayed on their phones for longer as well.
This work is based on data collected from the screen time monitoring tool of 138 iPhone users. Researchers focused on how two distinct psychological traits may influence how people act in response to placing their phones on either silence or vibrate. More specifically, study authors analyzed people who tend to be especially preoccupied (专注) with gathering information from others(fear of missing out, or FOMO), and people with a strong desire to maintain interpersonal relationships(need to belong).
Incredibly, in comparison to audio-alert or vibrate modes, each participant checked their phones more often when it was in silent mode. When the phone’s sound and vibration was on, the groups checked their devices 52.9 times daily on average. When their phones were silent, that average rate nearly doubled to 98.2 times a day. Volunteers identified as having high levels of FOMO checked their phones roughly 50 times daily when their device was on vibrate, while in silent mode, they checked their phones about 120 times daily, and they also tended to keep scrolling significantly longer if their phones were in silent mode.
Participants with high levels of the need-to-belong trait actually didn’t check their phones more in silent mode, however, they did stay on their phones longer if the devices were in either silent or vibration-only mode.
At the end of the day, smartphone use habits come down to the individual. Researchers conclude the first step toward developing healthier tech habits for everyone is understanding that different people react to apps, notifications, and various tech features differently.
32．What can we know about excessive smartphone use?
A．It is easy to get rid of. B．It has existed for centuries.
C．It is a serious problem. D．It is no longer considered a problem.
33．What does the underlined word “backfire” probably mean?
A．Hardly have any effect. B．Have the opposite effect.
C．Bring certain benefits. D．Cause some trouble.
34．What can be inferred about the research?
A．It may have limitations.
B．Its researchers collected the data themselves.
C．It focused on the participants’ psychological traits.
D．It found silent mode affected participants’ interpersonal relationships.
35．What can we say about people with high levels of FOMO when their phones were in silent mode?
A．They checked their phones almost as often as usual.
B．They showed healthier tech habits than people with the need-to-belong trait did.
C．They stayed on their phones longer than people with the need-to-belong trait.
D．They reacted differently from people with the need-to-belong trait.
【答案】32．C 33．B 34．A 35．D
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。有人认为把手机调到静音模式可以解决过度使用手机这个问题，但是宾夕法尼亚州立大学的研究人员发现，这种方法实际上会对某些人产生适得其反的效果，归根到底，智能手机的使用习惯取决于个人。
32．细节理解题。根据第一段“Excessive (过度的) smartphone use is a distinctly 21st century issue, but that doesn’t make it any less problematic. (过度使用智能手机显然是21世纪的一个问题，但这并没有让它的问题有所减轻)”可知，过度使用智能手机是一个严重的问题。故选C项。
33．词句猜测题。根据第一段最后一句“Many argue there’s an easy solution: place it in silent mode (模式). (许多人认为有一个简单的解决办法：把手机调到静音模式)”可知，有人建议手机调成静音，便可以解决过度使用手机的现象；根据划线词所在句以及下文“Now, however, researchers from Penn State find that this approach can actually backfire for certain people. Study authors report people checked their phones more often when their devices were in silent mode. (然而现在，宾夕法尼亚州立大学的研究人员发现，这种方法实际上会对某些人说，是backfire的效果。研究报告的作者称，当手机处于静音模式时，人们查看手机的频率更高)”，以及本段最后一句“In some cases, these individuals stayed on their phones for longer as well. (在某些情况下，这些人使用手机的时间也更长)”，划线词所在句中的however，表明此句与上句之间为转折关系，上文认为静音可以解决过度使用手机，那么划线词所在句要表示的是，静音对于过度使用手机这个问题没有好处，适得其反，使用手机的时间反而更长。故backfire与B项“Have the opposite effect.(有相反的效果)”意思相近。故选B项。
34．推理判断题。根据第三段“This work is based on data collected from the screen time monitoring tool of 138 iPhone users. Researchers focused on how two distinct psychological traits may influence how people act in response to placing their phones on either silence or vibrate. More specifically, study authors analyzed people who tend to be especially preoccupied (专注) with gathering information from others (fear of missing out, or FOMO), and people with a strong desire to maintain interpersonal relationships (need to belong).(这项研究基于从138名iPhone用户的屏幕时间监控工具中收集的数据。研究人员重点研究了两种不同的心理特征是如何影响人们在静音或震动手机时的反应的。更具体地说，研究作者分析了那些特别专注于从别人那里收集信息（害怕错过，或称FOMO）的人，以及有强烈愿望维持人际关系的需要归属感的人)”可知，数据不是研究人员亲自采集的，研究重点关注是在手机处于静音或震动模式时，参与者的心理特征对他们的影响，研究对象为138名有屏幕时间监控工具收集数据的iPhone用户，所以这个研究有局限性。故选A项。
35．推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“Volunteers identified as having high levels of FOMO checked their phones roughly 50 times daily when their device was on vibrate, while in silent mode, they checked their phones about 120 times daily, and they also tended to keep scrolling significantly longer if their phones were in silent mode. (被认为有高度FOMO的志愿者在手机处于振动模式时，每天查看手机约50次，而在静音模式下，他们每天查看手机约120次，而且在手机处于静音模式时，他们滚动手机的时间也明显更长)”及第五段“Participants with high levels of the need-to-belong trait actually didn’t check their phones more in silent mode；however, they did stay on their phones longer if the devices were in either silent or vibration-only mode. (拥有较高‘需要归属感’特质的参与者实际上不会在静音模式下更多地查看手机；然而，当手机处于静音或纯振动模式时，他们使用手机的时间确实更长)”可知，当手机处于静音模式时，FOMO高水平的人查看手机频率增加，滚动手机时间更长，而具有“需要归属”特质的人查看手机保持原有频率，但是使用时间更长，故两类人的反应不同。故选D项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
Each year there is an increasing number of cars on roads and streets as millions of new cars and trucks are produced. One out of every six Americans works at putting together the parts of cars, driving trucks, building roads or filling cars and trucks with gas.___36___
Most Americans would find it hard to imagine what life would look like without cars.___37___. The polluted air becomes poisonous and dangerous to health.
___38___. That’s what several of the large car factories have been trying to do. But to build a clean car is easier said than done. Progress in this field has been slow.
Another way is to take the place of the car engine by something else.___39___. Many makers believe that it will take years to develop a practical model that pleases man.
To prevent the world from being polluted by cars, we’ll have to make some changes in the way many of us live. Americans, for example, have to cut down on the number of their total cars. They are encouraged to travel and go to work by bicycle. Bicycling is thought to help the air clean. But this change does not come easily. A large number of workers may find themselves without jobs if a car factory closes down.___40___.
Although cars have led us to a better life, they have also brought us new problems.
A．Thus the problem of air pollution would become less important than that of unemployment.
B．Americans know cars very well.
C．However, some have realized the serious problems of the air pollution that is caused by cars.
D．One way to get rid of the polluted air is to build a car that does not pollute.
E．However, the number of vehicles has continued to increase in recent years.
F．Americans won’t live without cars!
G．Inventors are now working on steam cars as well as electric cars.
【答案】36．F 37．C 38．D 39．G 40．A
【导语】试题分析：美国人的生活和汽车息息相关，但由汽车导致的大气污染问题也很严重。针对这一问题，本文讨论了一些解决方法例如生产使用情节能源的汽车，或者以自行车代替汽车等。
36．F 考查上下文联系。根据前文One out of every six Americans works at putting together the parts of cars, driving trucks, building roads or filling cars and trucks with gas.可知，美国人的生活与汽车息息相关，而选项F意为“美国人离开了汽车简直活不下去”，正是对这一现象的一个总结，也与下文Most Americans would find it hard to imagine what life would look like without cars相关联，故选F。
37．C 考查上下文联系。分析语境可知，此处前文说明大多数美国人对汽车的依赖，而后文The polluted air becomes poisonous and dangerous to health.提到的是大气污染。而选项C在语境上起到了承上启下的作用，符合语境，故选C。
38．D 考查上下文联系。分析后文That’s what several of the large car factories have been trying to do. But to build a clean car is easier said than done可知，几个大的汽车工厂一直努力想生产清洁无污染的汽车。由此可以推断that指的是build a clean car，浏览选项发现D选项与之对应，符合语境，故选D。
39．G 考查上下文联系。前文讲述另一种方法是用其他东西代替汽车发动机，后文提到许多制造商相信需要一些年来开发一种人们喜欢的实用的样车，故A项“发明家们正在开发蒸汽车和电动汽车”连接上下文，故选G。
40．A 考查上下文联系。分析前文But this change does not come easily. A large number of workers may find themselves without jobs if a car factory closes down可知，这种转变不会轻易到来，因为如果一个汽车工厂倒闭，将会有许多工人失业。选项A中将环境污染问题与工人失业问题进行比较，符合语境，故选A。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Peter loved his wife Marion, loved adventure, and loved his camper van (野营车)called Schoen. The pair made numerous unforgettable road trips in Schoen. But after Marion died, the ___41___ Schoen had fewer and fewer outings. With Schoen’s adventuring days seemingly over, Peter decided to put it up for ___42___
Elise and her husband, Domenic, had always dreamed of owning their own “happiness bus” and travelling in a camper van. One day, Elise ___43___ the sales information on Schoen and the couple instantly decided to take a look. Elise fell in love with Schoen___44___, but Peter asked for $39, 000, well outside their___45___.
Feeling extremely disappointed, the couple left. “We were___46___to have met Peter,” said Elise with a smile. “We shared with him our story and dream of owning a van like that.”
A few days later, Peter called to invite them back for a second look. ___47___the young couple came again, but without much___48___Peter said he had so far received two offers for Schoen, and both met his asking price. But they were from ___49___, which would likely mean the van’s___50___gathering dust in a garage or display. Peter asked how much the couple would be able to___51___. Domenic told him the most they could spend was around half of what he was ___52___ . Peter, holding back tears himself, told them he would ___53___their offer only if they promised to have adventures with Schoen.
Now Schoen is on glorious adventures somewhere, helping Elise and Domenic create wonderful family ___54___.
“Peter is definitely a hero for us,” says Elise. “Finding Schoen and making that___55___ to Peter had totally changed our life. ”
41．A．neatly-decorated B．well-travelled C．much-anticipated D．well-recognized
42．A．exchange B．rent C．donation D．sale
43．A．came across B．put up C．laid aside D．took off
44．A．long before B．for the moment C．at first sight D．at the interval
45．A．salary B．earnings C．schedule D．budget
46．A．grateful B．regretful C．skillful D．forgetful
47．A．Frightened B．Discouraged C．Satisfied D．Attracted
48．A．determination B．hesitation C．intention D．expectation
49．A．traders B．collectors C．painters D．drivers
50．A．publicly B．hardly C．simply D．unbelievably
51．A．receive B．purchase C．present D．afford
52．A．asking B．planning C．imaging D．arguing
53．A．assess B．attach C．accept D．arrange
54．A．incidents B．memories C．affairs D．gatherings
55．A．story B．promise C．call D．memory
【答案】
41．B 42．D 43．A 44．C 45．D 46．A 47．D 48．D
49．B 50．C 51．D 52．A 53．C 54．B 55．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述Peter决定卖掉承载着他和妻子美好回忆的野营车Schoen，虽然有两份收藏家的出价符合Peter的要求，但Peter不愿Schoen蒙尘或搁置，最终决定以低于一半的价钱将它卖给一对年轻的夫妇，要求是让他们承诺开着Schoen去冒险。这对夫妇很感动，并且也在实践着对Peter的承诺。
41．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但Marion去世后，游历甚广的Schoen外出的次数越来越少。A. neatly-decorated装饰整齐的；B. well-traveled游历甚广的；C. much-anticipated备受期待的；D. world-recognized举世闻名的。根据上文“The pair made numerous unforgettable road trips in Schoen.”可知，这对夫妇开着野营车Schoen有过多次旅行，所以Schoen是一台游历甚广的野营车。故选B项。
42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Schoen的冒险生涯似乎结束了，彼得决定把它卖了。A. exchange交换；B. rent 出租；C. donation捐赠；D. sale出售。根据下文“One day, Elise ____3____ the sales information on Schoen”可知，随着出游次数的减少，Peter想出售Schoen。故选D项。
43．考查动词短语辨析。句意：一天，Elise偶然发现了Schoen的销售信息，这对夫妇立刻决定去看看。A. came across偶然发现；B. put up张贴；C. laid aside搁置；D. took off起飞。根据下文“the couple instantly decided to take a look”可知，Elise偶然发现了Schoen的销售信息，所以他们立刻决定去看看。故选A项。
44．考查介词短语辨析。句意：Elise对Schoen一见钟情，但彼得要了3.9万美元，远远超出了他们的预算。A. long before很久以前；B. for the moment此刻；C. at first sight第一眼，乍一看；D. at the interval在中间休息时。根据空前“fell in love”可知，此处表示“伊莉斯对Schoen一见钟情”。故选C。
45．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Elise对Schoen一见钟情，但彼得要了3.9万美元，远远超出了他们的预算。A. salary薪水；B. earnings收入；C. schedule日程；D. budget预算。根据本句“but Peter asked for $39,000(但彼得要了3.9万美元)”可知，彼得要了3.9万美元，这对他们来说太贵了，超出了他们的预算。故选D项。
46．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我们很高兴见到了彼得，”Elise笑着说。A. grateful感激的；B. regretful后悔的；C. skillful熟练的；D. forgetful健忘的。根据下文“Peter, holding back tears himself, told them he would ____13____ their offer only if they promised to have adventures with Schoen.”可知，虽然这对夫妇给出的价格比Peter要求的价格低很多，Peter仍然答应卖给他们，所以此处Elise觉得遇到Peter很感激。故选A项。
47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这对年轻夫妇被吸引住了，又来了，但没有抱太大的期望。A. Frightened使害怕；B. Discouraged使泄气；C. Satisfied使满意；D. Attracted吸引。根据上文“A few days later, Peter called to invite them back for a second look.”及空后“the young couple came again”可知，这对夫妇受到Peter的邀请又来了。由此可知，他们是为能买到喜欢的车而被吸引去的。故选D项。
48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对年轻夫妇被吸引住了，又来了，但没有抱太大的期望。A. determination决心；B. hesitation犹豫；C. intention意图；D. expectation期望。根据“the young couple came again, but without much”中的but表示转折，表示他们虽然受邀去了，但是并没有抱太大希望。故选D项。
49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但它们来自收藏家，这可能意味着货车只是在车库或展览中积满灰尘。A. traders贸易商；B. collectors收藏家；C. painters画家；D. drivers司机。根据下文“gathering dust in a garage or display.”可知，货车在车库或展览中积满灰尘，说明是收藏家的报价。故选B项。
50．考查副词词义辨析。句意：但它们来自收藏家，这可能意味着货车只是在车库或展览中积满灰尘。A. publicly公开地；B. hardly几乎不；C. simply仅仅；D. unbelievably难以置信地。根据语境可知，此处表示Peter认为，收藏家可能仅仅只会让收藏的货车在车库里或展览室里蒙尘，不会让它发挥实际的用途。故选C项。
51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：彼得问这对夫妇能付多少钱。A. receive收到；B. purchase购买；C. present展现；D. afford付得起。根据空前“asked how much the couple would be able to”可知，Peter应该是问这对夫妇能为这辆车负担得起多少钱。故选D项。
52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Domenic告诉他，他们最多只能付他要求的一半价格左右。A. asking要求；B. planning计划；C. imaging反映；D. arguing争论。根据上文“but Peter asked for $39,000”和“Domenic told him the most they could Spend was around half of what he was”可知，这对夫妇只能付得起Peter要求的一半的价钱。故选A项。
53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：彼得忍住眼泪告诉他们，只要他们答应开着Schoen去冒险，他就会接受他们的出价。A. assess评估；B. attach附属；C. accept接受；D. arrange安排。根据空后“only if they promised to have adventures with Schoen.”可知，只要这对夫妇答应开着Schoen去冒险，Peter就会接受他们的出价。故选C项。
54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，Schoen正在某个地方进行光荣的冒险，帮助Elise和Domenic创造美好的家庭回忆。A. incidents事件；B. memories回忆；C. affairs事务；D. gatherings聚集。根据空前“create wonderful family”可知，创造的应该是美好的家庭回忆。故选B项。
55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：找到Schoen并对Peter做出那个承诺完全改变了我们的生活。A. story故事；B. promise承诺；C. call电话；D. memory回忆。根据上文“Peter, holding back tears himself, told them he would ___13___ their offer only if they promised to have adventures with Schoen.”可知，这对夫妇只要给Peter承诺开着Schoen去冒险，他们就可以低价拥有Schoen，所以此处指他们给Peter做出的承诺改变了他们的生活。故选B项。
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Did you know chimpanzees(黑猩猩) have excellent mathematical and art skills? This was one of the ten studies ____56____(award) at this year’s Pineapple Science Prize ceremony on March 13 in China. Over the past ten years, the Prize has explored the fun side of science and encouraged curiosity-driven scientific research. ____57____, it’s not all funny business, in fact, all ____58____(entry) must also be serious scientific studies. It is known that chimpanzees are much ____59____(smart) than other animals, but we ____60____(probable) don’t think they could heal university students or master art. A study by researchers from the Primate Research Institute of Kyoto University was ____61____ winner of this year’s award for mathematics and art.
____62____(use) their chimpanzee Abu and a control group of university students, the researchers surprisedly ____63____(find) that Abu could remember random numbers both more quickly and more accurately than the students. In addition, the art skills of some chimpanzees demonstrate their ability ____64____(connect) the real three-dimensional world ____65____ the two-dimensional world on paper, reflecting a huge jump in the brain.
【答案】
56．awarded 57．However##Nevertheless 58．entries 59．smarter 60．probably
61．the 62．Using 63．found 64．to connect 65．with##and
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了中国菠萝科学奖的相关知识和今年的获奖的一些研究。
56．考查非谓语动词。句意：这是今年3月13日在中国举行的菠萝科学奖颁奖典礼上授予的十项研究之一。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词，空处为非谓语动词作定语，和所修饰的名词之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词。故填awarded。
57．考查副词。句意：然而，这并不是所有有趣的事情，事实上，所有的条目也必须是严肃的科学研究。根据语境可知，在过去的十年里，该奖探索了科学有趣的一面，但是这并不是所有有趣的事情，前后为转折关系，空后有逗号，所以要用副词however/Nevertheless，在句中作状语。故填However/Nevertheless。
58．考查可数名词单复数。句意：然而，这并不是所有有趣的事情，事实上，所有的条目也必须是严肃的科学研究。根据空前的all可知，空处的可数名词要用复数。故填entries。
59．考查形容词的比较级。句意：众所周知，黑猩猩比其他动物聪明得多，但我们可能认为它们无法治愈大学生或掌握艺术。根据空后的than可知，空处要用形容词的比较级，表示黑猩猩比其他动物聪明得多。故填smarter。
60．考查副词。句意：众所周知，黑猩猩比其他动物聪明得多，但我们可能认为它们无法治愈大学生或掌握艺术。空处修饰动词，所以要用副词。故填probably。
61．考查冠词。句意：京都大学灵长类研究所的一项研究获得了今年的数学和艺术奖。根据语境可知，特指今年的数学和艺术奖获奖者，所以用定冠词the。故填the。
62．考查非谓语动词。句意：研究人员利用黑猩猩阿布和一组大学生作为对照组，惊奇地发现阿布能够比学生更快、更准确地记住随机数。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词，空处为非谓语动词作状语，和逻辑主语the researchers 之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词。故填Using。
63．考查时态。句意：研究人员利用黑猩猩阿布和一组大学生作为对照组，惊奇地发现阿布能够比学生更快、更准确地记住随机数。分析句子结构可知，空处为句子的谓语动词，根据句意可知，句子是对过去事实的描述，所以用一般过去时态。故填found。
64．考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，一些黑猩猩的艺术技能证明了它们将真实的三维世界与纸上的二维世界联系起来的能力，反映了大脑的巨大跳跃。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词，空处为非谓语动词作定语，ability to do sth.“有能力做某事”，所以用动词不定式作ability的定语。故填to connect。
65．考查介词或连词。句意：此外，一些黑猩猩的艺术技能证明了它们将真实的三维世界与纸上的二维世界联系起来的能力，反映了大脑的巨大跳跃。connect sth. with/and sth. “把...和...联系起来”。故填with/and。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 应用文写作（共1小题，满分15分）
66．假设你是李华，你的英国朋友 Peter 在中国象棋网络挑战赛(The Chinese Chess Network Challenge Competition) 中荣获一等奖。现在，请你给他写一封电子邮件，向他表示祝贺，要点如下：
1. 表示祝贺；
2. 赞扬对方的付出；
3. 向对方学习 。
注意：1.词数 100 左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Dear Peter,
It's wonderful that you have won first prize in the Chinese Chess Network Challenge Competition as a foreigner. I could hardly wait to express my sincere congratulations to you.
In the past few years, you have spent your abundant time improving your skills. It is your devotion, diligence and determination that lead to your success . You set a good example for me and push me to move forward. As a chess lover, I want to invite you to teach me chess skills in order to renew my level.
Please let me know when you are available. Best wishes to you.
Yours
Li Hua
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，假设你是李华，你的英国朋友 Peter 在中国象棋网络挑战赛(The Chinese Chess Network Challenge Competition) 中荣获一等奖。现在，请你给他写一封电子邮件，向他表示祝贺。
【详解】
1.词汇积累
急切做某事：be eager to do→ could hardly wait to do
祝贺：congratulate sb. on sth→ express one’s sincere congratulations to sb.
大量的时间：enough time→ abundant time
提升水平：improve my level →renew my level
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句: In the past few years, you have spent your abundant time improving your skills.
拓展句: In the past few years, you have spent your abundant time improving your skills, which is diligent.
【点睛】
[高分句型1] It's wonderful that you have won first prize in the Chinese Chess Network Challenge Competition as a foreigner. (运用了that引导的主语从句)
[高分句型2] It is your devotion, diligence and determination that lead to your success .(运用了强调句型)
第二节 读后续写（共1小题，满分25分）
67．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
One particularly cold Saturday in January, I was supposed to take our dog out for a walk, but it was so cold that I didn’t want to go outside. Instead, I just opened the door and let the dog out by himself. I kept an eye on him to make sure he would come back inside.
However, another neighborhood dog quickly ran past our house, and our dog sped after to catch him. I hurriedly went to grab my coat so I could follow my dog, and then I rushed outside. Unfortunately, I was already too late, and my dog was nowhere in sight. I walked a few blocks, but I was unable to find him.
Depressed, I returned home. My mother was standing at the door waiting, and she asked me what had happened. “I know I was supposed to walk our dog,” I admitted, “but I thought he would be able to go outside and come back by himself. Now he’s gone and I can’t find him anywhere.”
My mother was very angry with me; she said I should have been more responsible. She decided to help by making some signs. The signs read, “Lost: A big black dog. Please call us right away” and she printed our phone number on the bottom. “Okay, Darrell,” she said, as she handed over those signs, “now go post these on all the street posts.”
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右：
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I grabbed the signs and rushed out.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
When I returned, my mother was waiting for me, smiling broadly.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
I grabbed the signs and rushed out. I was incredibly sad and worried about our dog. Carrying the signs made by my mother, I was busy posting them along our street as well as along the surrounding streets. In the meantime, whenever there were people passing by, I would ask if they had met such a dog. Nobody claimed to have spotted our dog. Tears of regret welled up in my eyes. As the darkness fell, I decided to come back home to check if anybody had called.
When I returned, my mother was waiting for me, smiling broadly. There, behind my mother, was our lovely dog looking up at me eagerly. Upon seeing me, it raced towards me. I couldn’t hold my tears. “It just came back by itself,” my mother said gently. Hugging the dog with relief, I apologized to my mother sincerely. “I am sure you have learned your lesson today,” my mother replied in a comforting voice. It was on the day that I learned the value of responsibility.
【导语】
本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者由于天冷不愿出门遛狗，结果狗跑丢了，而自己也因此而沮丧伤心。妈妈虽然很生作者的气，但还是帮作者做了告示牌寻找。
【详解】
1. 段落续写
①由第一段首句内容“我抓起牌子冲了出去。”可知，本段可以写作者找狗的过程以及作者懊悔的心情。
②由第二段首句内容“当我回来的时候，我的母亲正在等我，笑容灿烂。”可知，本段可以写狗自己跑了回来，作者松了一口气，作者与狗之间的互动以及作者明白的道理。
2. 续写线索：贴告示牌——边贴边问——天黑，失落回家——狗已回家——作者与狗之间的互动——作者明白责任的重要性的道理
3. 词类激活
行为类
①看到：spot/notice/see
②道歉：apologize/say sorry/make an apology
③懂得：learn/understand/be aware of
情绪类
①担心的：worried/concerned
②真诚地：sincerely/genuinely
③安慰的：comforting/reassuring
【点睛】
【高分句型1】As the darkness fell, I decided to come back home to check if anybody had called. (运用了as引导的时间状语从句和if引导的宾语从句)
【高分句型2】It was on the day that I learned the value of responsibility. (运用了强调句型)
2023年高考押题预测卷02【云南、安徽、黑龙江、吉林、山西五省通用】
英语·全解全析
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如
需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写
在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What do we know about the boy?
A．He prefers eating cold food.
B．He ate something else in advance.
C．He doesn’t like his mom’s cooking.
【答案】B
【原文】W: Finish your lunch; it’s getting cold, honey.
M: I’d love to, but just can’t. I’m full.
W: Why? It’s not to your liking?
M: Sorry, Mom. Actually, it’s good, but I had some snacks before lunch.
2．Where did the woman go before the meal?
A．To her home. B．To a cinema. C．To a cafe.
【答案】C
【原文】M: I heard you dated James, didn’t you? You are always nervous when going on a first date. Would you mind sharing the story with me?
W: Well, he is a great guy. We had coffee to start, and then we went out to dinner and a movie before he drove me home.
3．Why doesn’t the girl want to go with the boy?
A．She enjoys walking alone.
B．She needs to get to school on time.
C．She walks too slowly to catch up with him.
【答案】B
【原文】M: Shall we go to school together tomorrow?
W: I think I’ll go by myself. I have to get to school early.
M: But it’s more fun if you come with me. We can chat on the way there.
W: But we’re often late because you walk too slowly. I like chatting, but we can walk home after school.
4．What did the man buy yesterday?
A．A shirt. B．A jacket. C．A sweater.
【答案】C
【原文】M: I went to the shopping center yesterday. I saw lots of nice shirts and jackets.
W: But you’ve already got lots of shirts.
M: Yes. And the jacket I liked was expensive. Actually I ended up with a rather stylish new sweater.
5．What has happened to the river?
A．The fish in it has died out.
B．It has stopped flowing.
C．It’s got badly polluted.
【答案】C
【详解】W: The water is still flowing but it smells really terrible.
M: People must be stopped from throwing dirty things into the river. Or there will be no fish in it at all.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．What does the man suggest buying for Anne at first?
A．Chocolates. B．A scarf. C．Flowers.
7．Where will the speakers go next?
A．To a garden. B．To a shop. C．To the teacher’s office.
【答案】6．B 7．B
【原文】
M: We need to decide what to get as a present for Ann at the end of our course.
W: Yes, she is such a great teacher. How about chocolates?
M: That’s not very exciting. We could get something to wear, like a scarf.
W: She seems to have lots of those already. What about flowers?
M: But she told us she had a garden full of them! Let’s go with your first idea and buy her the largest box possible.
W: Great! Let’s do it now.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8．Who is the woman talking to?
A．The house owner. B．A repairman. C．A painter.
9．What will the woman do if her problem isn’t solved?
A．Send a large bill to the man.
B．Find someone to fix the wall.
C．Fix the electricity wires herself.
【答案】8．A 9．B
【原文】
M: Hi, Jack speaking.
W: This is Rose. I’ve phoned about the wall a couple of times and I’m afraid nothing’s happened.
M: I’m sorry, Rose. I’ll get someone to fix it.
W: The wet area is spreading all the time and it’s getting closer to electricity wires. It could be very dangerous. If nothing is done about it soon, I’ll have to find somebody myself to deal with it, and it really won’t be my fault if you receive a very large bill.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．What is the woman’s problem?
A．She has a cough.
B．She has a breathing problem.
C．She is a little overweight.
11．What does the man advise the woman to do on weekends?
A．To play badminton. B．To do some yoga. C．To go running.
12．What does the man want to buy?
A．A badminton racket. B．Yoga clothes. C．A pair of sports shoes.
【答案】10．C 11．B 12．A
【原文】W: Oh, climbing upstairs is almost killing me. I am out of breath now.
M: You have put on a lot of weight recently; I think you should lose weight to keep healthy.
W: Oh, I can’t stand eating too little, and exercise like running is too hard for me. I don’t like doing exercise by myself.
M: I have a good idea; you can play badminton with us. We play badminton from 6pm to 8pm every weekday. And you can also do yoga on weekends. I know that Rachel is doing it, so you can join her.
W: That sounds great. I think I will enjoy that. I don’t have any yoga clothes or sports shoes.
M: I am free today. What about going shopping together? I need a new badminton racket, too.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．Where does this conversation take place?
A．At the airport.
B．In a restaurant.
C．On the street.
14．Why does the woman like San Francisco?
A．It has less traffic.
B．It has the best food and music.
C．People there are friendlier.
15．Where does the woman come from?
A．Pennsylvania.
B．San Francisco.
C．China.
16．What does the woman think of the man’s English?
A．Excellent.
B．Acceptable.
C．Strange.
【答案】13．A 14．B 15．A 16．A
【原文】
M：Excuse me, do you mind if I sit here?
W：Not at all, go ahead.
M：Thank you.
W：Are you going somewhere or are you meeting someone?
M：I’m on my way to Washington, and you?
W：I’m on my way to San Francisco.
M：Really? I think San Francisco is probably the most exciting city in the US.
W：So do I. No other city has as many good restaurants or as much good music.
M：Is San Francisco your hometown?
W：No, I’m from a very small town in Pennsylvania.I wouldn’t want to live there again either. I don’t like small town living very much.
M：Er…neither do I really. But small towns have their advantages, less traffic.
W：And friendly people. You know I’m beginning to feel homesick. By the way, where are you from?
M：China.
W：China? But you speak English like a native speaker. I didn’t have any idea.
M：Oh, excuse me, it’s time for my flight. Well, nice talking with you.
W：Me too. Bye.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．Where is the flight heading?
A．To London B．To Kentucky C．To New York
18．When will the flight land?
A．At 9:50 a. m B．At 9:45 p. m C．At 9:55 p. m.
19．What time is it now?
A．9:00 a. m. B．9:35 a. m. C．9:45 a. m.
20．What is not allowed during the flight?
A．Using a cellphone B．Using a laptop computer C．Smoking
【答案】17．A 18．B 19．B 20．C
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Every delicious steak you have ever enjoyed eating started with a good cut of meat. However, picking that perfect cut can be challenging—supermarkets are flooded with options, and it is not as straightforward as simply choosing the one with the highest price tag. Follow this guide for some advice.
Tenderloin(US), Fillet(UK), Eye Fillet(AUS/NZ)
A classic cut, the tenderloin comes from the strip of muscle tucked against the backbone of the animal. As this muscle does not do much work, this is the tenderest cut of beef—which also makes it the most expensive, and arguably the most desirable. We say “arguably” because, while the tenderloin is supremely lean and a favorite of those who love their steak to melt in their mouth, it can also be tasteless. Filet mignon, widely referred to as the creme de la creme (精华) of all steak cuts, is cut from the very tip of the tenderloin.
Ribeye(US/ UK), Scotch fillet(AUS/NZ)
This cut, from the rib section of the animal, comes with an abundance of rich marbling. The ribeye won’t give you that same “melt-in-your-mouth” feeling, but it is still one of the tenderest cuts available. Differently, the ribeye is cooked with the bone in, while the Scotch fillet is not.
Strip(US), Sirloin(UK), Porterhouse(AUS/NZ)
Coming from the hindquarter of the animal, the strip is not quite as tender as the tenderloin, or loaded with quite as much flavor as the ribeye, but for many steak lovers, it is just right. The best part is that because this all-rounder has a bit more chew and a bit less marbling than those cuts, it tends to be less expensive.
T-bone
Can’t decide between the tenderloin and the strip? Why not both? The T-bone is cut with strip on one side of a bone, and tenderloin on the other. With two very different textures (口感) and flavors, the T-bone gets the best of both worlds, but it can also be more difficult to cook. The meat closer to the bone is slower to cook than the rest of the steak.
21．What makes the tenderloin the most expensive part among the steak?
A．Different textures. B．Much flavor.
C．Rich marbling. D．The tenderest cut.
22．What can we learn about the steaks from the passage?
A．It’s not a piece of cake to pick a perfect cut.
B．All things considered, Ribeye is the best.
C．A good cut only means the most expensive one.
D．It usually takes little time to cook T-bone.
23．Which of the following is not mentioned in the article concerning steak?
A．Price. B．Packaging. C．Cooking method. D．Flavor.
【答案】21．D 22．A 23．B
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一些选优质牛排的方法。
21．细节理解题。根据Tenderloin(US), Fillet(UK), Eye Fillet(AUS/NZ)部分的“As this muscle does not do much work, this is the tenderest cut of beef—which also makes it the most expensive, and arguably the most desirable. (由于这块肌肉不做太多的工作，所以它是牛肉中最嫩的部分，这也使得它最贵，也可以说是最令人满意的)”可知，tenderloin在牛排里面是最贵的部分是因为它是最嫩的牛肉块。故选D。
22．细节理解题。根据第一段的“However, picking that perfect cut can be challenging—supermarkets are flooded with options, and it is not as straightforward as simply choosing the one with the highest price tag.(然而，要挑出最完美的那块是很有挑战性的——超市里琳琅满目的选择，不像选择价格最高的那块那么简单)”可知，选择一个完美的牛肉块不是那么容易的。故选A。
23．细节理解题。Strip(US), Sirloin(UK), Porterhouse(AUS/NZ)部分的“it tends to be less expensive(所以它往往更便宜)”提到了牛排的价格；Ribeye(US/ UK), Scotch fillet(AUS/NZ)部分的“Differently, the ribeye is cooked with the bone in(不同的是，肋眼是带着骨头一起煮的)”提到了烹饪方法；Strip(US), Sirloin(UK), Porterhouse(AUS/NZ)部分的“Coming from the hindquarter of the animal, the strip is not quite as tender as the tenderloin, or loaded with quite as much flavor as the ribeye, but for many steak lovers, it is just right. (来自牛的后腿，这条肉不像里脊肉那么嫩，也不像肋眼肉那么有味道，但对许多牛排爱好者来说，它刚刚好)”和T-bone部分的“With two very different textures (口感) and flavors(有两种非常不同的纹理和口感)”提到风味。因此，选项中关于牛排没有提到的是包装。故选B。
B
Growing up, Steph Clemence didn’t live in any one place for long because her mother was always on the move. By the time she was a senior in high school, Steph had lived in 25 places. Still, she had good grades and thought she would be going to college. But when her father died in a car accident, leaving her mother to support three daughters, paying for college was out of the question.
Steph found a job and tried to work out what to do with a life that had deviated(偏离) from the plan she’d carefully laid out.
The answer came one afternoon when she was cleaning her drawer (抽屉) and found a handout titled “Mrs. Clark’s Book List.” It was from the English teacher she’d had in her junior year at McKenzie High School in Vida, Oregon. One afternoon, Mrs. Clark walked into the classroom carrying a pile (摞) of handouts. She asked each student to take one. It could be a road map, she said. “Some of you mightn’t go on to higher education,” Mrs. Clark said, “but you can continue to learn.” She’d spent months creating a list of 153 books from the United States and abroad.
Steph studied the list. And so it began. “I was hopeful and decided to improve myself,” Steph says. “I would read every book in the order they appeared.”
Over the years, the reading list was a constant (不变的事物) in her life, traveling with her even on vacations. When the original (原先的) list wore out, she typed up a new copy. And then another.
Now Steph is 70, and she never did get to college. But she has only four books left to read from the list. She expects to finish them sometime in 2023. “Each of the books has added something to who I am and how I see the world,” she says. “They’ve opened so many doors for me about the environment, history, etc. I’m no expert, but I now have the background to see why things happened and what they might mean.”
24．What did Steph dream of doing as a senior in high school?
A．Going to college.
B．Landing a good job.
C．Making a lot of money.
D．Traveling around the world.
25．What did Steph realize after seeing Mrs. Clark’s Book List?
A．She loved reading so much.
B．She had almost forgotten her goal.
C．She had been living a meaningless life.
D．She could continue to learn even without school.
26．What can we learn about 70-year-old Steph?
A．She has made it to college.
B．She hopes to write her own books.
C．She has almost read all the books on the list.
D．She plans to create a new reading list for herself.
27．How does Steph feel about reading books?
A．It has made a difference to her.
B．It allows her to become an expert.
C．It is a habit everyone should develop.
D．It has become the main part of her life.
【答案】24．A 25．D 26．C 27．A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了因家庭变故而无法考入大学的Steph立志终身阅读，提升自己，演绎出别样精彩的人生。
24．细节理解题。根据第一段“Still, she had good grades and thought she would be going to college. (然而，她成绩优秀，认为自己会顺利考入大学)”可知，Steph上高三时，梦想着顺利考入大学，继续学习深造，故选A项。
25．推理判断题。根据第三段““Some of you mightn’t go on to higher education,” Mrs. Clark said, “but you can continue to learn.”(“你们中的一些人可能无法继续接受高等教育，”克拉克夫人说，“但你们可以继续学习。”)”和第四段““I was hopeful and decided to improve myself,” Steph says. “I would read every book in the order they appeared.”(“我满怀希望，决定提高自己，”斯蒂芬说。“我会按照每本书出现的顺序阅读它们”)”可知，Steph在发现克拉克老师留下的书单后，回想起她曾经鼓励的话语，决定坚持继续学习，故选D项。
26．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Now Steph is 70, and she never did get to college. But she has only four books left to read from the list. She expects to finish them sometime in 2023. (如今，斯蒂芬70岁了，但她从未上过大学。但是她只剩下四本书要读了。她预计在2023年的某个时候完成这些任务)”可知，70岁的Steph几乎将书单上列的书籍读完了，故选C项。
27．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Each of the books has added something to who I am and how I see the world, (每一本书都让我了解了我是谁，我是如何看待这个世界的)”可知，Steph阅读的每本书都加强了自己人生的厚度，对他产生了深远的影响，故选A项。
C
In a high-tech lab on John’s Hopkins University’s Homewood campus in Maryland, engineers have been building a robot that may be able to stitch (缝针) back together the broken tissues in your stomach and even your brain, no doctor needed.
The robot has a high-tech camera on one arm and a high-tech sewing machine on a second arm. The goal is to develop, in the next several years, a robot that makes the delicate work more consistent.
The robot, known as Smart Tissue Autonomous Robot, or STAR, which is run by a highly advanced computer program, will advance technology currently in wide use in operating rooms. The robot completes about a stitch a minute, slightly slower than a human surgeon. But the tests so far have shown more consistency than what the humans can achieve.
Long hours of traditional surgery can cause human hands to get tired and tremble, which may cause accidents during an operation. Robert Langer, an engineer, said the robotic arm could change the way surgeries are done. He has helped found dozens of biotech companies including Galen Robotics. The robotic arm being developed by Hopkins engineers is this company’s product.
Galen CEO Bruce Lichorowic compared the robotic arm to future for surgeons, saying it increases their stability, reduces tiredness and prevents cramps (抽搐) during long surgeries, all of which lead to safer surgeries.
Galen Robotics has its roots in research from Johns Hopkins University, but the company had been based in Silicon Valley until 2019. “The company currently employs about 40 people, about half of whom have advanced degrees from Johns Hopkins,” said Lichorowic, adding that the company plans to grow to 60 positions by the end of the year.
Galen’s robotic arm is not for sale yet, but Lichorowic said the company expects to submit an application to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) later this year.
28．What can STAR do?
A．Shorten operation time. B．Replace human surgeons.
C．Make operations smooth. D．Advance medical studies.
29．What does Lichorowic think of STAR?
A．Flexible. B．High-cost. C．Promising. D．Unpredictable.
30．What can we know about Galen Robotics?
A．It is sponsored by John’s Hopkins University. B．It still has its base in Silicon Valley now.
C．Its robot arm will be released later this year. D．It is scheduled to expand within this year.
31．In which column is this text most likely to appear?
A．Mind & Brain. B．Health & Technology. C．Business & Investment. D．Physics & Medicine.
【答案】28．C 29．C 30．D 31．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了马里兰州约翰霍普金斯大学霍姆伍德校区的一个高科技实验室里正在研制智能组织自主机器人（STAR），尽管动作比人类外科医生慢，但是可以使手术更顺畅。
28．细节理解题。根据第三段“The robot, known as Smart Tissue Autonomous Robot, or STAR, which is run by a highly advanced computer program, will advance technology currently in wide use in operating rooms. The robot completes about a stitch a minute, slightly slower than a human surgeon. But the tests so far have shown more consistency than what the humans can achieve. (该机器人被称为智能组织自主机器人（STAR），由高度先进的计算机程序运行，将推进目前广泛应用于手术室的技术。机器人大约一分钟完成一针，比人类外科医生稍慢。但迄今为止的测试显示出的连贯性比人类所能达到的要高)”可知，STAR尽管缝针速度不如人类外科医生，但是缝合动作的连贯性比人类医生好，可以使手术更顺畅。故选C项。
29．推理判断题。根据第五段“Galen CEO Bruce Lichorowic compared the robotic arm to future for surgeons, saying it in-creases their stability, reduces tiredness and prevents cramps (抽搐) during long surgeries, all of which lead to safer surgeries. (Galen公司首席执行官Bruce Lichorowic将这种机械臂比作外科医生的未来，他说，它可以增加他们的稳定性，减少疲劳，防止长时间手术期间的抽搐，所有这些都可以使手术更安全。)”可知，Lichorowic把机械臂比作外科医生的未来，有着诸多的优点，说明他认为这种机械臂有前途的（Promising.）。故选C项。
30．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“‘The company currently employs about 40 people, about half of whom have advanced degrees from Johns Hopkins,’ said Lichorowic, adding that the company plans to grow to 60 positions by the end of the year. (Lichorowic表示：‘公司目前约有40名员工，其中约一半拥有约翰霍普金斯大学的高等学位。’他还补充说，公司计划在年底前将职位增加到60个。)”可知，说明公司要在年内扩大规模，增加工作岗位。故选D项。
31．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“In a high-tech lab on John’s Hopkins University’s Homewood campus in Maryland, engineers have been building a robot that may be able to stitch (缝针) back together the broken tissues in your stomach and even your brain, no doctor needed. (在马里兰州约翰霍普金斯大学霍姆伍德校区的一个高科技实验室里，工程师们一直在建造一个机器人，它可能能够将你胃里甚至大脑里破碎的组织缝合起来，而不需要医生。)”可知，本文介绍一个能进去人体内帮助缝补组织的智能组织自主机器人，由此推知，本文最有可能出现“健康与科技（Health & Technology.）”专栏。故选B项。
D
Excessive (过度的) smartphone use is a distinctly 21st century issue, but that doesn’t make it any less problematic. Countless people spend their days endlessly scrolling from one social media feed or app to the next. Many argue there’s an easy solution: place it in silent mode (模式).
Now, however, researchers from Penn State find that this approach can actually backfire for certain people. Study authors report people checked their phones more often when their devices were in silent mode. Notably, participants who scored high in “fear of missing out” and “need to belong” personality tests checked their phones the most after placing them on silent. In some cases, these individuals stayed on their phones for longer as well.
This work is based on data collected from the screen time monitoring tool of 138 iPhone users. Researchers focused on how two distinct psychological traits may influence how people act in response to placing their phones on either silence or vibrate. More specifically, study authors analyzed people who tend to be especially preoccupied (专注) with gathering information from others(fear of missing out, or FOMO), and people with a strong desire to maintain interpersonal relationships(need to belong).
Incredibly, in comparison to audio-alert or vibrate modes, each participant checked their phones more often when it was in silent mode. When the phone’s sound and vibration was on, the groups checked their devices 52.9 times daily on average. When their phones were silent, that average rate nearly doubled to 98.2 times a day. Volunteers identified as having high levels of FOMO checked their phones roughly 50 times daily when their device was on vibrate, while in silent mode, they checked their phones about 120 times daily, and they also tended to keep scrolling significantly longer if their phones were in silent mode.
Participants with high levels of the need-to-belong trait actually didn’t check their phones more in silent mode, however, they did stay on their phones longer if the devices were in either silent or vibration-only mode.
At the end of the day, smartphone use habits come down to the individual. Researchers conclude the first step toward developing healthier tech habits for everyone is understanding that different people react to apps, notifications, and various tech features differently.
32．What can we know about excessive smartphone use?
A．It is easy to get rid of. B．It has existed for centuries.
C．It is a serious problem. D．It is no longer considered a problem.
33．What does the underlined word “backfire” probably mean?
A．Hardly have any effect. B．Have the opposite effect.
C．Bring certain benefits. D．Cause some trouble.
34．What can be inferred about the research?
A．It may have limitations.
B．Its researchers collected the data themselves.
C．It focused on the participants’ psychological traits.
D．It found silent mode affected participants’ interpersonal relationships.
35．What can we say about people with high levels of FOMO when their phones were in silent mode?
A．They checked their phones almost as often as usual.
B．They showed healthier tech habits than people with the need-to-belong trait did.
C．They stayed on their phones longer than people with the need-to-belong trait.
D．They reacted differently from people with the need-to-belong trait.
【答案】32．C 33．B 34．A 35．D
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。有人认为把手机调到静音模式可以解决过度使用手机这个问题，但是宾夕法尼亚州立大学的研究人员发现，这种方法实际上会对某些人产生适得其反的效果，归根到底，智能手机的使用习惯取决于个人。
32．细节理解题。根据第一段“Excessive (过度的) smartphone use is a distinctly 21st century issue, but that doesn’t make it any less problematic. (过度使用智能手机显然是21世纪的一个问题，但这并没有让它的问题有所减轻)”可知，过度使用智能手机是一个严重的问题。故选C项。
33．词句猜测题。根据第一段最后一句“Many argue there’s an easy solution: place it in silent mode (模式). (许多人认为有一个简单的解决办法：把手机调到静音模式)”可知，有人建议手机调成静音，便可以解决过度使用手机的现象；根据划线词所在句以及下文“Now, however, researchers from Penn State find that this approach can actually backfire for certain people. Study authors report people checked their phones more often when their devices were in silent mode. (然而现在，宾夕法尼亚州立大学的研究人员发现，这种方法实际上会对某些人说，是backfire的效果。研究报告的作者称，当手机处于静音模式时，人们查看手机的频率更高)”，以及本段最后一句“In some cases, these individuals stayed on their phones for longer as well. (在某些情况下，这些人使用手机的时间也更长)”，划线词所在句中的however，表明此句与上句之间为转折关系，上文认为静音可以解决过度使用手机，那么划线词所在句要表示的是，静音对于过度使用手机这个问题没有好处，适得其反，使用手机的时间反而更长。故backfire与B项“Have the opposite effect.(有相反的效果)”意思相近。故选B项。
34．推理判断题。根据第三段“This work is based on data collected from the screen time monitoring tool of 138 iPhone users. Researchers focused on how two distinct psychological traits may influence how people act in response to placing their phones on either silence or vibrate. More specifically, study authors analyzed people who tend to be especially preoccupied (专注) with gathering information from others (fear of missing out, or FOMO), and people with a strong desire to maintain interpersonal relationships (need to belong).(这项研究基于从138名iPhone用户的屏幕时间监控工具中收集的数据。研究人员重点研究了两种不同的心理特征是如何影响人们在静音或震动手机时的反应的。更具体地说，研究作者分析了那些特别专注于从别人那里收集信息（害怕错过，或称FOMO）的人，以及有强烈愿望维持人际关系的需要归属感的人)”可知，数据不是研究人员亲自采集的，研究重点关注是在手机处于静音或震动模式时，参与者的心理特征对他们的影响，研究对象为138名有屏幕时间监控工具收集数据的iPhone用户，所以这个研究有局限性。故选A项。
35．推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“Volunteers identified as having high levels of FOMO checked their phones roughly 50 times daily when their device was on vibrate, while in silent mode, they checked their phones about 120 times daily, and they also tended to keep scrolling significantly longer if their phones were in silent mode. (被认为有高度FOMO的志愿者在手机处于振动模式时，每天查看手机约50次，而在静音模式下，他们每天查看手机约120次，而且在手机处于静音模式时，他们滚动手机的时间也明显更长)”及第五段“Participants with high levels of the need-to-belong trait actually didn’t check their phones more in silent mode；however, they did stay on their phones longer if the devices were in either silent or vibration-only mode. (拥有较高‘需要归属感’特质的参与者实际上不会在静音模式下更多地查看手机；然而，当手机处于静音或纯振动模式时，他们使用手机的时间确实更长)”可知，当手机处于静音模式时，FOMO高水平的人查看手机频率增加，滚动手机时间更长，而具有“需要归属”特质的人查看手机保持原有频率，但是使用时间更长，故两类人的反应不同。故选D项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
Each year there is an increasing number of cars on roads and streets as millions of new cars and trucks are produced. One out of every six Americans works at putting together the parts of cars, driving trucks, building roads or filling cars and trucks with gas.___36___
Most Americans would find it hard to imagine what life would look like without cars.___37___. The polluted air becomes poisonous and dangerous to health.
___38___. That’s what several of the large car factories have been trying to do. But to build a clean car is easier said than done. Progress in this field has been slow.
Another way is to take the place of the car engine by something else.___39___. Many makers believe that it will take years to develop a practical model that pleases man.
To prevent the world from being polluted by cars, we’ll have to make some changes in the way many of us live. Americans, for example, have to cut down on the number of their total cars. They are encouraged to travel and go to work by bicycle. Bicycling is thought to help the air clean. But this change does not come easily. A large number of workers may find themselves without jobs if a car factory closes down.___40___.
Although cars have led us to a better life, they have also brought us new problems.
A．Thus the problem of air pollution would become less important than that of unemployment.
B．Americans know cars very well.
C．However, some have realized the serious problems of the air pollution that is caused by cars.
D．One way to get rid of the polluted air is to build a car that does not pollute.
E．However, the number of vehicles has continued to increase in recent years.
F．Americans won’t live without cars!
G．Inventors are now working on steam cars as well as electric cars.
【答案】36．F 37．C 38．D 39．G 40．A
【导语】试题分析：美国人的生活和汽车息息相关，但由汽车导致的大气污染问题也很严重。针对这一问题，本文讨论了一些解决方法例如生产使用情节能源的汽车，或者以自行车代替汽车等。
36．F 考查上下文联系。根据前文One out of every six Americans works at putting together the parts of cars, driving trucks, building roads or filling cars and trucks with gas.可知，美国人的生活与汽车息息相关，而选项F意为“美国人离开了汽车简直活不下去”，正是对这一现象的一个总结，也与下文Most Americans would find it hard to imagine what life would look like without cars相关联，故选F。
37．C 考查上下文联系。分析语境可知，此处前文说明大多数美国人对汽车的依赖，而后文The polluted air becomes poisonous and dangerous to health.提到的是大气污染。而选项C在语境上起到了承上启下的作用，符合语境，故选C。
38．D 考查上下文联系。分析后文That’s what several of the large car factories have been trying to do. But to build a clean car is easier said than done可知，几个大的汽车工厂一直努力想生产清洁无污染的汽车。由此可以推断that指的是build a clean car，浏览选项发现D选项与之对应，符合语境，故选D。
39．G 考查上下文联系。前文讲述另一种方法是用其他东西代替汽车发动机，后文提到许多制造商相信需要一些年来开发一种人们喜欢的实用的样车，故A项“发明家们正在开发蒸汽车和电动汽车”连接上下文，故选G。
40．A 考查上下文联系。分析前文But this change does not come easily. A large number of workers may find themselves without jobs if a car factory closes down可知，这种转变不会轻易到来，因为如果一个汽车工厂倒闭，将会有许多工人失业。选项A中将环境污染问题与工人失业问题进行比较，符合语境，故选A。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Peter loved his wife Marion, loved adventure, and loved his camper van (野营车)called Schoen. The pair made numerous unforgettable road trips in Schoen. But after Marion died, the ___41___ Schoen had fewer and fewer outings. With Schoen’s adventuring days seemingly over, Peter decided to put it up for ___42___
Elise and her husband, Domenic, had always dreamed of owning their own “happiness bus” and travelling in a camper van. One day, Elise ___43___ the sales information on Schoen and the couple instantly decided to take a look. Elise fell in love with Schoen___44___, but Peter asked for $39, 000, well outside their___45___.
Feeling extremely disappointed, the couple left. “We were___46___to have met Peter,” said Elise with a smile. “We shared with him our story and dream of owning a van like that.”
A few days later, Peter called to invite them back for a second look. ___47___the young couple came again, but without much___48___Peter said he had so far received two offers for Schoen, and both met his asking price. But they were from ___49___, which would likely mean the van’s___50___gathering dust in a garage or display. Peter asked how much the couple would be able to___51___. Domenic told him the most they could spend was around half of what he was ___52___ . Peter, holding back tears himself, told them he would ___53___their offer only if they promised to have adventures with Schoen.
Now Schoen is on glorious adventures somewhere, helping Elise and Domenic create wonderful family ___54___.
“Peter is definitely a hero for us,” says Elise. “Finding Schoen and making that___55___ to Peter had totally changed our life. ”
41．A．neatly-decorated B．well-travelled C．much-anticipated D．well-recognized
42．A．exchange B．rent C．donation D．sale
43．A．came across B．put up C．laid aside D．took off
44．A．long before B．for the moment C．at first sight D．at the interval
45．A．salary B．earnings C．schedule D．budget
46．A．grateful B．regretful C．skillful D．forgetful
47．A．Frightened B．Discouraged C．Satisfied D．Attracted
48．A．determination B．hesitation C．intention D．expectation
49．A．traders B．collectors C．painters D．drivers
50．A．publicly B．hardly C．simply D．unbelievably
51．A．receive B．purchase C．present D．afford
52．A．asking B．planning C．imaging D．arguing
53．A．assess B．attach C．accept D．arrange
54．A．incidents B．memories C．affairs D．gatherings
55．A．story B．promise C．call D．memory
【答案】
41．B 42．D 43．A 44．C 45．D 46．A 47．D 48．D
49．B 50．C 51．D 52．A 53．C 54．B 55．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述Peter决定卖掉承载着他和妻子美好回忆的野营车Schoen，虽然有两份收藏家的出价符合Peter的要求，但Peter不愿Schoen蒙尘或搁置，最终决定以低于一半的价钱将它卖给一对年轻的夫妇，要求是让他们承诺开着Schoen去冒险。这对夫妇很感动，并且也在实践着对Peter的承诺。
41．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但Marion去世后，游历甚广的Schoen外出的次数越来越少。A. neatly-decorated装饰整齐的；B. well-traveled游历甚广的；C. much-anticipated备受期待的；D. world-recognized举世闻名的。根据上文“The pair made numerous unforgettable road trips in Schoen.”可知，这对夫妇开着野营车Schoen有过多次旅行，所以Schoen是一台游历甚广的野营车。故选B项。
42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Schoen的冒险生涯似乎结束了，彼得决定把它卖了。A. exchange交换；B. rent 出租；C. donation捐赠；D. sale出售。根据下文“One day, Elise ____3____ the sales information on Schoen”可知，随着出游次数的减少，Peter想出售Schoen。故选D项。
43．考查动词短语辨析。句意：一天，Elise偶然发现了Schoen的销售信息，这对夫妇立刻决定去看看。A. came across偶然发现；B. put up张贴；C. laid aside搁置；D. took off起飞。根据下文“the couple instantly decided to take a look”可知，Elise偶然发现了Schoen的销售信息，所以他们立刻决定去看看。故选A项。
44．考查介词短语辨析。句意：Elise对Schoen一见钟情，但彼得要了3.9万美元，远远超出了他们的预算。A. long before很久以前；B. for the moment此刻；C. at first sight第一眼，乍一看；D. at the interval在中间休息时。根据空前“fell in love”可知，此处表示“伊莉斯对Schoen一见钟情”。故选C。
45．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Elise对Schoen一见钟情，但彼得要了3.9万美元，远远超出了他们的预算。A. salary薪水；B. earnings收入；C. schedule日程；D. budget预算。根据本句“but Peter asked for $39,000(但彼得要了3.9万美元)”可知，彼得要了3.9万美元，这对他们来说太贵了，超出了他们的预算。故选D项。
46．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我们很高兴见到了彼得，”Elise笑着说。A. grateful感激的；B. regretful后悔的；C. skillful熟练的；D. forgetful健忘的。根据下文“Peter, holding back tears himself, told them he would ____13____ their offer only if they promised to have adventures with Schoen.”可知，虽然这对夫妇给出的价格比Peter要求的价格低很多，Peter仍然答应卖给他们，所以此处Elise觉得遇到Peter很感激。故选A项。
47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这对年轻夫妇被吸引住了，又来了，但没有抱太大的期望。A. Frightened使害怕；B. Discouraged使泄气；C. Satisfied使满意；D. Attracted吸引。根据上文“A few days later, Peter called to invite them back for a second look.”及空后“the young couple came again”可知，这对夫妇受到Peter的邀请又来了。由此可知，他们是为能买到喜欢的车而被吸引去的。故选D项。
48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对年轻夫妇被吸引住了，又来了，但没有抱太大的期望。A. determination决心；B. hesitation犹豫；C. intention意图；D. expectation期望。根据“the young couple came again, but without much”中的but表示转折，表示他们虽然受邀去了，但是并没有抱太大希望。故选D项。
49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但它们来自收藏家，这可能意味着货车只是在车库或展览中积满灰尘。A. traders贸易商；B. collectors收藏家；C. painters画家；D. drivers司机。根据下文“gathering dust in a garage or display.”可知，货车在车库或展览中积满灰尘，说明是收藏家的报价。故选B项。
50．考查副词词义辨析。句意：但它们来自收藏家，这可能意味着货车只是在车库或展览中积满灰尘。A. publicly公开地；B. hardly几乎不；C. simply仅仅；D. unbelievably难以置信地。根据语境可知，此处表示Peter认为，收藏家可能仅仅只会让收藏的货车在车库里或展览室里蒙尘，不会让它发挥实际的用途。故选C项。
51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：彼得问这对夫妇能付多少钱。A. receive收到；B. purchase购买；C. present展现；D. afford付得起。根据空前“asked how much the couple would be able to”可知，Peter应该是问这对夫妇能为这辆车负担得起多少钱。故选D项。
52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Domenic告诉他，他们最多只能付他要求的一半价格左右。A. asking要求；B. planning计划；C. imaging反映；D. arguing争论。根据上文“but Peter asked for $39,000”和“Domenic told him the most they could Spend was around half of what he was”可知，这对夫妇只能付得起Peter要求的一半的价钱。故选A项。
53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：彼得忍住眼泪告诉他们，只要他们答应开着Schoen去冒险，他就会接受他们的出价。A. assess评估；B. attach附属；C. accept接受；D. arrange安排。根据空后“only if they promised to have adventures with Schoen.”可知，只要这对夫妇答应开着Schoen去冒险，Peter就会接受他们的出价。故选C项。
54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，Schoen正在某个地方进行光荣的冒险，帮助Elise和Domenic创造美好的家庭回忆。A. incidents事件；B. memories回忆；C. affairs事务；D. gatherings聚集。根据空前“create wonderful family”可知，创造的应该是美好的家庭回忆。故选B项。
55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：找到Schoen并对Peter做出那个承诺完全改变了我们的生活。A. story故事；B. promise承诺；C. call电话；D. memory回忆。根据上文“Peter, holding back tears himself, told them he would ___13___ their offer only if they promised to have adventures with Schoen.”可知，这对夫妇只要给Peter承诺开着Schoen去冒险，他们就可以低价拥有Schoen，所以此处指他们给Peter做出的承诺改变了他们的生活。故选B项。
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Did you know chimpanzees(黑猩猩) have excellent mathematical and art skills? This was one of the ten studies ____56____(award) at this year’s Pineapple Science Prize ceremony on March 13 in China. Over the past ten years, the Prize has explored the fun side of science and encouraged curiosity-driven scientific research. ____57____, it’s not all funny business, in fact, all ____58____(entry) must also be serious scientific studies. It is known that chimpanzees are much ____59____(smart) than other animals, but we ____60____(probable) don’t think they could heal university students or master art. A study by researchers from the Primate Research Institute of Kyoto University was ____61____ winner of this year’s award for mathematics and art.
____62____(use) their chimpanzee Abu and a control group of university students, the researchers surprisedly ____63____(find) that Abu could remember random numbers both more quickly and more accurately than the students. In addition, the art skills of some chimpanzees demonstrate their ability ____64____(connect) the real three-dimensional world ____65____ the two-dimensional world on paper, reflecting a huge jump in the brain.
【答案】
56．awarded 57．However##Nevertheless 58．entries 59．smarter 60．probably
61．the 62．Using 63．found 64．to connect 65．with##and
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了中国菠萝科学奖的相关知识和今年的获奖的一些研究。
56．考查非谓语动词。句意：这是今年3月13日在中国举行的菠萝科学奖颁奖典礼上授予的十项研究之一。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词，空处为非谓语动词作定语，和所修饰的名词之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词。故填awarded。
57．考查副词。句意：然而，这并不是所有有趣的事情，事实上，所有的条目也必须是严肃的科学研究。根据语境可知，在过去的十年里，该奖探索了科学有趣的一面，但是这并不是所有有趣的事情，前后为转折关系，空后有逗号，所以要用副词however/Nevertheless，在句中作状语。故填However/Nevertheless。
58．考查可数名词单复数。句意：然而，这并不是所有有趣的事情，事实上，所有的条目也必须是严肃的科学研究。根据空前的all可知，空处的可数名词要用复数。故填entries。
59．考查形容词的比较级。句意：众所周知，黑猩猩比其他动物聪明得多，但我们可能认为它们无法治愈大学生或掌握艺术。根据空后的than可知，空处要用形容词的比较级，表示黑猩猩比其他动物聪明得多。故填smarter。
60．考查副词。句意：众所周知，黑猩猩比其他动物聪明得多，但我们可能认为它们无法治愈大学生或掌握艺术。空处修饰动词，所以要用副词。故填probably。
61．考查冠词。句意：京都大学灵长类研究所的一项研究获得了今年的数学和艺术奖。根据语境可知，特指今年的数学和艺术奖获奖者，所以用定冠词the。故填the。
62．考查非谓语动词。句意：研究人员利用黑猩猩阿布和一组大学生作为对照组，惊奇地发现阿布能够比学生更快、更准确地记住随机数。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词，空处为非谓语动词作状语，和逻辑主语the researchers 之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词。故填Using。
63．考查时态。句意：研究人员利用黑猩猩阿布和一组大学生作为对照组，惊奇地发现阿布能够比学生更快、更准确地记住随机数。分析句子结构可知，空处为句子的谓语动词，根据句意可知，句子是对过去事实的描述，所以用一般过去时态。故填found。
64．考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，一些黑猩猩的艺术技能证明了它们将真实的三维世界与纸上的二维世界联系起来的能力，反映了大脑的巨大跳跃。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词，空处为非谓语动词作定语，ability to do sth.“有能力做某事”，所以用动词不定式作ability的定语。故填to connect。
65．考查介词或连词。句意：此外，一些黑猩猩的艺术技能证明了它们将真实的三维世界与纸上的二维世界联系起来的能力，反映了大脑的巨大跳跃。connect sth. with/and sth. “把...和...联系起来”。故填with/and。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 应用文写作（共1小题，满分15分）
66．假设你是李华，你的英国朋友 Peter 在中国象棋网络挑战赛(The Chinese Chess Network Challenge Competition) 中荣获一等奖。现在，请你给他写一封电子邮件，向他表示祝贺，要点如下：
1. 表示祝贺；
2. 赞扬对方的付出；
3. 向对方学习 。
注意：1.词数 100 左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Dear Peter,
It's wonderful that you have won first prize in the Chinese Chess Network Challenge Competition as a foreigner. I could hardly wait to express my sincere congratulations to you.
In the past few years, you have spent your abundant time improving your skills. It is your devotion, diligence and determination that lead to your success . You set a good example for me and push me to move forward. As a chess lover, I want to invite you to teach me chess skills in order to renew my level.
Please let me know when you are available. Best wishes to you.
Yours
Li Hua
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，假设你是李华，你的英国朋友 Peter 在中国象棋网络挑战赛(The Chinese Chess Network Challenge Competition) 中荣获一等奖。现在，请你给他写一封电子邮件，向他表示祝贺。
【详解】
1.词汇积累
急切做某事：be eager to do→ could hardly wait to do
祝贺：congratulate sb. on sth→ express one’s sincere congratulations to sb.
大量的时间：enough time→ abundant time
提升水平：improve my level →renew my level
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句: In the past few years, you have spent your abundant time improving your skills.
拓展句: In the past few years, you have spent your abundant time improving your skills, which is diligent.
【点睛】
[高分句型1] It's wonderful that you have won first prize in the Chinese Chess Network Challenge Competition as a foreigner. (运用了that引导的主语从句)
[高分句型2] It is your devotion, diligence and determination that lead to your success .(运用了强调句型)
第二节 读后续写（共1小题，满分25分）
67．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
One particularly cold Saturday in January, I was supposed to take our dog out for a walk, but it was so cold that I didn’t want to go outside. Instead, I just opened the door and let the dog out by himself. I kept an eye on him to make sure he would come back inside.
However, another neighborhood dog quickly ran past our house, and our dog sped after to catch him. I hurriedly went to grab my coat so I could follow my dog, and then I rushed outside. Unfortunately, I was already too late, and my dog was nowhere in sight. I walked a few blocks, but I was unable to find him.
Depressed, I returned home. My mother was standing at the door waiting, and she asked me what had happened. “I know I was supposed to walk our dog,” I admitted, “but I thought he would be able to go outside and come back by himself. Now he’s gone and I can’t find him anywhere.”
My mother was very angry with me; she said I should have been more responsible. She decided to help by making some signs. The signs read, “Lost: A big black dog. Please call us right away” and she printed our phone number on the bottom. “Okay, Darrell,” she said, as she handed over those signs, “now go post these on all the street posts.”
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右：
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I grabbed the signs and rushed out.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
When I returned, my mother was waiting for me, smiling broadly.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
I grabbed the signs and rushed out. I was incredibly sad and worried about our dog. Carrying the signs made by my mother, I was busy posting them along our street as well as along the surrounding streets. In the meantime, whenever there were people passing by, I would ask if they had met such a dog. Nobody claimed to have spotted our dog. Tears of regret welled up in my eyes. As the darkness fell, I decided to come back home to check if anybody had called.
When I returned, my mother was waiting for me, smiling broadly. There, behind my mother, was our lovely dog looking up at me eagerly. Upon seeing me, it raced towards me. I couldn’t hold my tears. “It just came back by itself,” my mother said gently. Hugging the dog with relief, I apologized to my mother sincerely. “I am sure you have learned your lesson today,” my mother replied in a comforting voice. It was on the day that I learned the value of responsibility.
【导语】
本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者由于天冷不愿出门遛狗，结果狗跑丢了，而自己也因此而沮丧伤心。妈妈虽然很生作者的气，但还是帮作者做了告示牌寻找。
【详解】
1. 段落续写
①由第一段首句内容“我抓起牌子冲了出去。”可知，本段可以写作者找狗的过程以及作者懊悔的心情。
②由第二段首句内容“当我回来的时候，我的母亲正在等我，笑容灿烂。”可知，本段可以写狗自己跑了回来，作者松了一口气，作者与狗之间的互动以及作者明白的道理。
2. 续写线索：贴告示牌——边贴边问——天黑，失落回家——狗已回家——作者与狗之间的互动——作者明白责任的重要性的道理
3. 词类激活
行为类
①看到：spot/notice/see
②道歉：apologize/say sorry/make an apology
③懂得：learn/understand/be aware of
情绪类
①担心的：worried/concerned
②真诚地：sincerely/genuinely
③安慰的：comforting/reassuring
【点睛】
【高分句型1】As the darkness fell, I decided to come back home to check if anybody had called. (运用了as引导的时间状语从句和if引导的宾语从句)
【高分句型2】It was on the day that I learned the value of responsibility. (运用了强调句型)
相关试卷
2023年高考英语押题卷03（云南、安徽、黑龙江、吉林、山西五省通用）（含考试版、全解全析、参考答案、答题卡）： 这是一份2023年高考英语押题卷03（云南、安徽、黑龙江、吉林、山西五省通用）（含考试版、全解全析、参考答案、答题卡），文件包含2023年高考英语押题卷03云南安徽黑龙江吉林山西五省通用全解全析docx、2023年高考英语押题卷03云南安徽黑龙江吉林山西五省通用考试版A4docx、2023年高考英语押题卷03云南安徽黑龙江吉林山西五省通用考试版A3docx、2023年高考英语押题卷03云南安徽黑龙江吉林山西五省通用参考答案docx、2023年高考英语押题卷03云南安徽黑龙江吉林山西五省通用答题卡docx、2023年高考英语押题卷03云南安徽黑龙江吉林山西五省通用听力音频mp3等6份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共52页， 欢迎下载使用。
2023年高考英语押题卷02（云南、安徽、黑龙江、吉林、山西五省通用）（含考试版、全解全析、参考答案、答题卡）： 这是一份2023年高考英语押题卷02（云南、安徽、黑龙江、吉林、山西五省通用）（含考试版、全解全析、参考答案、答题卡），文件包含2023年高考英语押题卷02云南安徽黑龙江吉林山西五省通用全解全析docx、2023年高考英语押题卷02云南安徽黑龙江吉林山西五省通用考试版A4docx、2023年高考英语押题卷02云南安徽黑龙江吉林山西五省通用考试版A3docx、2023年高考英语押题卷02云南安徽黑龙江吉林山西五省通用参考答案docx、2023年高考英语押题卷02云南安徽黑龙江吉林山西五省通用答题卡docx、2023年高考英语押题卷02云南安徽黑龙江吉林山西五省通用听力音频mp3等6份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共51页， 欢迎下载使用。
2023年高考英语押题卷01（云南、安徽、黑龙江、吉林、山西五省通用）（含考试版、全解全析、参考答案、答题卡）： 这是一份2023年高考英语押题卷01（云南、安徽、黑龙江、吉林、山西五省通用）（含考试版、全解全析、参考答案、答题卡），文件包含2023年高考英语押题卷01云南安徽黑龙江吉林山西五省通用全解全析docx、2023年高考英语押题卷01云南安徽黑龙江吉林山西五省通用考试版A4docx、2023年高考英语押题卷01云南安徽黑龙江吉林山西五省通用考试版A3docx、2023年高考英语押题卷01云南安徽黑龙江吉林山西五省通用参考答案docx、2023年高考英语押题卷01云南安徽黑龙江吉林山西五省通用答题卡docx、2023年高考英语押题卷01云南安徽黑龙江吉林山西五省通用听力音频mp3等6份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共48页， 欢迎下载使用。
