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2022-2023学年四川省成都市石室中学高三下学期三诊模拟英语试题含听力Word版含解析
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这是一份2022-2023学年四川省成都市石室中学高三下学期三诊模拟英语试题含听力Word版含解析，文件包含2023届四川省成都市石室中学高三下学期三诊模拟英语试题含听力Word版含解析docx、2023届四川省成都市石室中学高三下学期三诊模拟英语试题含听力原卷版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共51页， 欢迎下载使用。
成都石室中学2022-2023学年度下期
高2023届三诊模拟考试
英语试题
(全卷满分150分, 考试时间120分钟)
注意事项：
1. 答卷前, 考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在本试卷和答题卡相应位置上。
2. 作答选择题时, 选出每小题答案后, 用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如需改动, 用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷上。
3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答。答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动, 先划掉原来的答案, 然后再写上新答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。
4. 考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后, 将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第I卷(选择题, 满分100分)
第一部分 听力(共两节, 满分30分)
注意, 听力部分答题时请先将答案标在试卷上, 听力部分结束前你将有两分钟的时间将答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共5小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分7. 5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where did the man go yesterday?
A To a library. B. To a museum. C. To a tennis court.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Jenny said she planned to play tennis with you yesterday but you were not at home.
M: I went to the City Library to borrow some books for my research on museums.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Who is the woman talking to?
A. A neighbor. B. Her son. C. A deliveryman.
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】M: Excuse me, Mrs. Brown. Here is a package for you.
W: Thank you, young man.
M: Actually, the deliveryman sent your package to our flat by mistake. Mom asked me to give it back to you.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Why is George late?
A. He missed the bus. B. His bike broke down. C. He had to change clothes.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: George, you are late. What happened?
M: I’m sorry, Ms. Green. I was on my bike when a bus drove by and the next second there was mud all over me. I had to go back and get changed.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How did the man feel after watching the video?
A. Excited. B. Moved. C. Surprised.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M:The short video has more than 2 million views now. Have you watched it?
W:You mean the one you shared yesterday? Yes. I was even touched to tears.
M:To tell you the truth, so was I.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What’s the matter with Laura?
A. She is under work pressure.
B. She pressed the wrong button.
C. She broke the printing machine.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: The printing machine is broken!
M: Calm down, Laura. Just plug it in, and press the red button to turn it on.
W: Oh, look at me! The project drives me mad!
M: You do need a good rest.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分22. 5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟;听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Boss and secretary.
B. Coach and player.
C. Receptionist and customer.
7. Why is the swimming pool closed?
A. It is under decoration.
B. Its equipment needs updating.
C. Today is weekly cleaning day.
【答案】6. C 7. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Good morning, Crown Hotel. Can I help you?
M: Good morning. this is David Cooper. I booked a room on your app and I’m calling to confirm it.
W: Sure, Mr. Cooper. I have seen your reservation here. One room for today and tomorrow. When are you going to check in?
M: We’ll probably arrive at 9 pm. Will the swimming pool be open then?
W: I’m sorry. The pool is closed every Monday for cleaning. But our newly decorated gym opens till midnight. We have some new sports equipment.
M: OK. I will have a try.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. What will the speakers have for supper?
A. Fried food. B. Italian food. C. Homemade food.
9. What will the woman do next?
A. Take a bath. B. Order food online. C. Go to a restaurant.
10. What does the woman think of the man?
A. He is creative. B. He is generous. C. He is thoughtful.
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C
【解析】
【原文】W: I don’t feel like cooking today. Let’s just get some food delivered on the phone. How about some fried chicken tonight?
M: Fried chicken? You never liked fried food! What’s going on?
W: I am stressed out, and they say fried food can bring instant joy.
M: No wonder. Listen, you don’t actually need the fried chicken. I know a restaurant that serves the best Italian food. It tastes like my grandma’s homemade dishes. Would you like to try some?
W: You mean right now?
M: Yes! I’ll drive.
W: But I don’t want to move an inch.
M: All right. What about this? You have a nice bath and I’ll drive there to order some takeout. It’s quicker.
W: Oh, you are always so sweet, honey.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11. How does the man like Avatar 2?
A. Disappointing. B. Average. C. Impressive.
12. Which part of Avatar 1 attracted the man most?
A. The plot. B. The characters. C. The special effects.
13. What does the woman suggest the man do?
A. Compare the two movies.
B. Appreciate Avatar 2 again.
C. Explain his love for Avatar 1.
【答案】11. A 12. C 13. B
【解析】
【详解】W: Did you go to see the movie Avatar 2 yesterday?
M: Don’t mention it! It feels like a recycled movie.
W: Recycled? What do you mean?
M: The setting, the characters, and even the plot were similar to Avatar 1. The director Cameron seems to have remade it.
W: You can’t be serious! There has to be something different.
M: The only difference is the title, otherwise I wouldn’t have gone to the cinema.
W: I thought you were a fan of the director. Is it because you expect too much of him?
M: Probably. The special effects of Avatar 1 are so wonderful that I say “wow” every time I watch it. But this time, I didn’t feel the excitement I had expected.
W: That explains it. Nothing can compare to Avatar 1 in your mind. Why not give Avatar 2 a second chance? Then probably you will change your mind.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14. What are the speakers talking about?
A. The city marathon.
B. The supply distribution.
C. The changeable weather.
15. When did the woman complete her course?
A. Around 8:00. B. Around 10:00. C. Around 12:00.
16. What was the weather like in the morning?
A. Windy. B. Cloudy. C. Sunny.
17. What will the man probably do next year?
A. Run a race. B. Work as a volunteer. C. Join the law office.
【答案】14. A 15. B 16. B 17. B
【解析】
【原文】M: You took part in the annual city marathon last week! That’s awesome! I didn’t know you are an athlete!
W: Thank you, but it’s just a hobby. Marathon allows me to escape from my tiring work at the law office.
M: What about the race? Did you complete the whole course?
W: I ran a half marathon-about 13 miles altogether. It took me about 2 hours.
M: Oh, I couldn’t even picture myself running that long, especially in such hot windless days.
W: The race started at 8 o’clock, and luckily there were enough clouds the whole morning.
M: Did you carry any supplies with you?
W: No, the volunteers would provide us with enough supplies along the path. It wasn’t as tough as you think. Would you like to join me next year?
M: Er, I think I can help distribute the supplies and cheer for the athletes.
W: That’s a great idea.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
18. What helps women find more scientific clues?
A. Their sixth sense.
B. Their world view.
C. Their research methods.
19. Who contributed to the development of the air conditioner in cars?
A. Katie Hainer.
B. Rosalind Franklin.
C. Margaret Wilcox.
20. What does the radio program mainly focus on?
A. Public opinions on science.
B. Major scientific breakthroughs.
C. Untold stories of female scientists.
【答案】18. A 19. C 20. C
【解析】
【原文】 W：I’m Katie Hainer, host of a new weekly radio program called Lost Women of Science coming next November. Through history women have made hundreds of scientific breakthroughs. They have a sixth sense that enables them to pick out more important clues. But many of these female scientists are missing from public view. The more I do this research, the more I realize that women are at the heart of some of the most important developments in science. For example, Rosalind Franklin contributed much to the discovery of the structure of DNA. And the work of Margaret Wilcox, an American engineer, was crucial to the development of the air conditioner in cars. Each season, we’ll explore and celebrate the life and work of one woman who shaped our world view. And we’ll explore some of the reasons why you might not know her name. We’ll be looking at the barriers these women faced, as well as their passion and drive. Join us as we honor these remarkable stories you may not know.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分, 满分30分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
A
Some libraries use unique architecture to encourage visitors to explore the bookshelves and settle down with a new book, or use roving libraries to bring books to hard-to-reach populations. No matter how they achieve it, these novel libraries are keeping the magic of reading alive.
Bishan Library (Singapore)
Built in 2006, this library with skylights and trellises, is meant to invoke a modern glass treehouse. Glass pods of varying colors stick out of the building randomly to create cozy yet airy corners for reading throughout the building. At the same time, a more open-plan children’s room on the basement level invites interaction while preventing noise from filtering upward and disturbing those concentrating in the lofty perches above.
Stuttgart City Library (Stuttgart, Germany)
Opened in 2011, this nine-story public library is characterized by its attractive white color scheme (lit by blue light at night), its bold cubic shape. This cultural center for the city, designed to feel open and full of light, can be entered from any of its four sides, and people can borrow artwork as well as books.
The Camel Library Service (North Eastern Province, Kenya)
To combat low literacy rates in the desert of Kenya, the government created a roaming library composed of nine camels bringing books to villages. The library travels four days a week serving the region’s nomadic people. With more funding, they plan to increase their reach both in distance and the books they carry.
Macquarie University Library (Sydney, Australia)
A wonderful combination of cutting-edge and sustainable ideas, this building was made from recycled materials, features a green roof, and was designed to look like the shape of a eucalyptus tree. It is also state of the art, using robot cranes to bring requested books to the front desk.
21. Which of the following can offer the service of lending artwork?
A. Bishan Library. B. Stuttgart City Library.
C. The Camel Library Service. D. Macquarie University Library.
22. What can we know about the Macquarie University Library?
A. It is intelligent and environmentally-friendly.
B It has a green roof and a eucalyptus tree outside.
C. It is like a modern glass treehouse with skylights.
D. It opens four days a week serving the local people.
23. According to the passage, the four libraries are all designed to ________.
A. prevent noise
B. recycle old books
C. encourage reading
D. present beautiful appearances
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个不同地方的创意图书馆，其目的是鼓励人们阅读。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Stuttgart City Library (Stuttgart, Germany)中的“This cultural center for the city, designed to feel open and full of light, can be entered from any of its four sides, and people can borrow artwork as well as books.(这座城市的文化中心设计得很开放，光线充足，可以从四面进入，人们可以借阅艺术品和书籍。)”可知，人们可以从这个图书馆借艺术作品和书。故选B项。
【22题详解】
推理判断题。根据Macquarie University Library (Sydney, Australia)中的“A wonderful combination of cutting-edge and sustainable ideas, this building was made from recycled materials, features a green roof, and was designed to look like the shape of a eucalyptus tree. It is also state of the art, using robot cranes to bring requested books to the front desk.(这座建筑是尖端技术和可持续理念的完美结合，由回收材料建造，有绿色屋顶，设计模仿桉树的外观。它也是最先进的，使用机器人起重机将所需的书籍送到前台。)”可知，Macquarie University Library将尖端技术与可持续理念完美结合，由机器人起重机将所需书籍送到前台。由此可知，该图书馆非常智能，对环境也很友好。故选A项。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Some libraries use unique architecture to encourage visitors to explore the bookshelves and settle down with a new book, or use roving libraries to bring books to hard-to-reach populations. No matter how they achieve it, these novel libraries are keeping the magic of reading alive.(有些图书馆以独特的建筑外观吸引游客在书架间探索、专心阅读一本新书，或通过流动图书馆服务，将书籍带给不便于到馆的读者。无论方式如何，这些别具一格的图书馆都让阅读的魔力经久不衰。)”可知，文章介绍的这些图书馆归根结底都有一个目的，就是吸引读者阅读、鼓励读者阅读。故选C项。
B
It was a week after my mom had passed away and I didn’t know how to go on with life. So when I received an email from a friend about a race benefiting cancer research, I ignored it. It seemed to prick my heart, as cancer was the disease that had taken my mother away from me.
But something about my friend’s words—“I can help organize the whole thing”—stuck with me. I felt obliged（有义务的）to agree. In the weeks to come, I managed to re-enter the world of the living. I checked our team’s website daily, feeling proud each time a donation ticked up our total. I knew my mom would have wanted it that way. She was the type who never got defeated. It was this very spirit that helped me get by.
When the race ended, I noticed the runners all had one thing in common: There were big smiles on their faces. They made it look so rewarding and effortless. I wanted in.
So I enrolled in another race two months later. Considering I could barely run a mile, it was ambitious. But my friend and I made a training plan so I wouldn’t come in last. I followed it religiously and didn’t let anything get in my way.
Running up and down the city’s hills, I was flooded with memories. I had lived there after college and my mother had visited often. I passed Bloomingdale’s, recalling the time she and I had gotten into a screaming argument there.
I was about to beat myself up when I remembered what Mom had said after her diagnosis of cancer. “I don’t want you to feel guilty about anything.” Her paper-thin hands had held me tightly. A weight lifted from my shoulders.
When the race day arrived, I gave it my all for my mom and for all she had taught me and continued to teach me. As I ran, whenever I felt like slowing down, I pictured her cheering me on.
Crossing the finish line, I was filled with her love and a sense of peace.
24. Why did the author ignore the email in the beginning?
A. She felt it hard to finish the race.
B. She had no time to join in the event.
C. She thought the research meaningless.
D. She was reminded of her mother’s death.
25. What mainly helped the author recover from her mom’s death?
A. The company of her friends. B. The inspiration from her mom.
C. The pleasure in going for a run. D. The success in organizing an event.
26. Which of the words can best describe the author’s mom?
A. Considerate and polite. B. Brave and humorous.
C. Strong-willed and caring. D. Outgoing and patient.
27. What might be the best title for the passage?
A. How I Got Healed in Running B. The Loss of Sweet Memories
C. What Matters Most in Running D. The Rewards of Great Friendship
【答案】24. D 25. B 26. C 27. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者母亲去世之后，作者对母亲的回忆及母亲赐予作者的力量，使他能够从悲伤中走出来，积极面对生活。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段第三句“It seemed to prick my heart, as cancer was the disease that had taken my mother away from me.”（这件事似乎刺痛了我的心，正是癌症夺去了我母亲的生命。）可知这个比赛使作者想起了因癌症过世的母亲。故选D项。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“She was the type who never got defeated. It was this very spirit that helped me get by.”（她是那种永远不会被打败的人。正是这种精神帮助我度过那段艰难的时期。）可知，母亲永不言败的精神支撑作者从悲伤中恢复。故选B项。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段第六句“She was the type who never got defeated. ”（她是那种永远不会被打败的人。）可知作者的母亲意志力坚强，并结合第六段第二句“I don’t want you to feel guilty about anything.”（我不希望你对任何事情感到内疚。）说明母亲关心爱护作者。所以作者母亲是一个意志坚强，又体贴的人。故选C项。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段第二句“As I ran, whenever I felt like slowing down, I pictured her cheering me on. Crossing the finish line, I was filled with her love and a sense of peace.”（在赛跑的时候，每当我想慢下来的时候，就会看到母亲鼓励我的画面。通过终点线时，我内心充满了她的关爱和一种平和感。）并结合上文作者对母亲的回忆，可知母亲治愈了作者，正是母亲的鼓励，他才能完成比赛。故选A项。
C
Of all the weird and wonderful creatures living under the sea, perhaps the strangest are jellyfish—those rubbery, cone-shaped creatures found floating in the water, their long tentacles trailing behind.
Some jellyfish species have a bad reputation for scaring away tourists, clogging up fishing nets, and even blocking power station pipes. But with more and more plastic rubbish ending up in the sea, these days you’re as likely to swim into a plastic bag as a jellyfish. Now scientific research is discovering that these rubbery sea creatures might provide an answer—a sticky solution to the problem of plastic pollution.
In recent years, tiny pieces of plastic called microplastic have been a significant problem for the world’s seas and oceans. These plastics are not visible to the eye and aren’t caught by seawater treatment plants due to their small size, so they enter our system and harm our health. They’ve been found in many places—in Arctic ice, at the bottom of the sea and even inside animals. Slovenian scientist, Dr Ana Rotter, heads GoJelly, a European research team of jellyfish ecologists looking into the problem.
Microplastics, plastics in general, are becoming an increasing problem. Dr Ana Rotter says when she was a child, people were more environmentally friendly—not harmful to the environment or having the least possible impact on it. At that time, there were very few single-use plastics—plastic items, like spoons and forks, designed to be used just once, then thrown away. The situation since then has changed dramatically. In fact, there’s been such an increase in microplastics that today the UN lists plastic pollution as one of the world’s top environmental threats.
But how do jellyfish fit into the story? Well, it’s the ‘jelly’ part of jellyfish, and specifically their sticky, jelly-like mucus that is key. Jellyfish produce a thick, sticky liquid called mucus. Dr Ana Rotter has discovered that this mucus has strong absorptive capabilities—it can absorb, take in liquids and other substances. One of the substances jellyfish mucus absorbs are the particles that make up microplastics.
Dr Rotter’s research is still in the early stages, but it’s hoped that jellyfish mucus could hold the key to a future free of microplastic polluted oceans. Scientists are hoping that the mucus’s absorptive properties—its abilities to absorb liquids and other substances and hold them, will allow it to trap particles of plastic floating in the sea. By trapping these, the mucus acts like a magnet—an object that attracts certain materials, like metal, but in this case, microplastic waste.
28. Paragraph 3 mainly talks about ________.
A. where microplastics can be found
B. why microplastics can harm our health
C. what problems the seas and oceans are facing
D. how the research was carried out by the scientist
29. What can we learn from this passage?
A. Jellyfish species cause a great threat to the sea.
B. Jellyfish species like to swim and live in plastic bags.
C. Jellyfish mucus can attract metals and break them down.
D. Jellyfish mucus can absorb liquids and some other substances.
30. What does the underlined word “properties” in Paragraph 6 most probably mean?
A. Qualities. B. Substances. C. Choices. D. Materials.
31. What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage?
A. To show the harm that sea and ocean pollution brings to human beings.
B. To introduce the living habits of the weird and wonderful creatures in the sea.
C. To provide a new method for collecting data on environmental threats in the sea.
D. To inform a promising scientific finding for dealing with plastic pollution in the sea.
【答案】28. C 29. D 30. A 31. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。随着海洋中塑料垃圾的增多，科学家们正试图通过水母的黏液研究解决海洋中微塑料的方法。
【28题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“In recent years, tiny pieces of plastic called microplastic have been a significant problem for the world’s seas and oceans. (近年来，被称为微塑料的微小塑料碎片已经成为世界海洋的一个重大问题)”可知，本段主要介绍了微塑料近年来已经成为世界海洋面临的一个重大问题。由此可推知，本段主要介绍了世界海洋面临的问题。故选C项。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第五段中的“Dr Ana Rotter has discovered that this mucus has strong absorptive capabilities—it can absorb, take in liquids and other substances.( 安娜·罗特博士发现这种粘液有很强的吸收能力——它可以吸收液体和其他物质)”可知，水母的黏液可以吸收液体和其他物质。故选D项。
【30题详解】
词义猜测题。根据文章第六段中的“Scientists are hoping that the mucus’s absorptive properties—its abilities to absorb liquids and other substances and hold them, will allow it to trap particles of plastic floating in the sea.(科学家们希望黏液的吸收特性——它吸收液体和其他物质，并容纳它们的能力——能让它捕获漂浮在海里的塑料颗粒)”可知，absorptive properties与后面的its abilities to absorb liquids and other substances and hold them为同义表达，此处表示“吸收液体和其他物质，并容纳它们的能力”，由此可推知，此处指“吸收特性”，properties为property的复数形式，原意为“特性”，与quality互为同义表达。故选A项。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。阅读文章内容可知，文章开篇通过水母引出话题，第二段“Now scientific research is discovering that these rubbery sea creatures might provide an answer—a sticky solution to the problem of plastic pollution.(现在，科学研究发现，这些橡胶状的海洋生物可能会为塑料污染问题提供一个棘手的解决方案)”提到了水母这种生物可能为塑料污染问题提供解决方案；第三、四、五、六段介绍了Ana Rotter博士利用水母的黏液吸收海洋微塑料垃圾的相关研究。由此可推知，作者写这篇文章的主要目的在于介绍一种有望解决海洋塑料垃圾的科学研究。故选D项。
D
It all started when I typed a perfectly reasonable prompt (提示词)into one of several apps on the market that can create an image based on text. “Skull space laser dinosaur starship explosion, ” I wrote. The app processed for a few seconds, and returned four images, one of which was strangely accurate: a dinosaur-looking skull screamed out of an empty space, trailing fire. Text-to-image AIs identify images by looking at the text that people have used to describe those pictures online. When the app got my prompt, it studied images that random people had described as “dinosaur” or laser and soon then used what is called a diffusion model (扩散模型) to add a bunch of random chaos to those pictures. Once they were suitably completed, it “upscaled” them, removing noise and sharpening focus. Its work is so good that an artist using it recently won first place for digital images at the Colorado State Fair.
But there is the question of all the other pictures online that are being transformed into AI-generated masterpieces. As many artists have pointed out, their works are being used without payment. The image-generating algorithm (算法) creates illustrations and even movies by using data sets stocked with art stolen from artists who post their works online.
Some AI researchers argue that their algorithms aren’t stealing from artists so much as learning from them just as human artists learn from each other. But a more ethical approach would be for companies to acknowledge their debt to artists and create a model of voluntary collective licensing, much like what radio stations first did in radio’s early days. Back then, musicians created groups like BMI to collectively license their music to radio stations-then BMI would pay artists based on how often their songs were played. Perhaps artists and art institutions today could form a “collecting society” that would allow companies to license their artwork for data sets.
To create ethical AI systems, we need to acknowledge the people whose work makes those systems so magical. We can’t simply take advantage of every image online - we need humans to manage those data sets and we need to pay them to do it.
32. What can we learn about Text-to-image Als from the first two paragraphs?
A. They are developed to process pictures.
B. They are used to describe online pictures.
C. They use a diffusion model to beautify pictures.
D. They create their works based on online pictures.
33. One of the issues raised by the success of Text-to-image AIs is ________.
A. the influence upon art creation
B. the availability of online pictures
C. the neglect of the artists’ copyright
D. the prospect of artists being replaced
34. Why did the author mention BMI in Paragraph 4?
A. To introduce the role that BMI played in AI history.
B. To present a way to regulate the use of online pictures.
C. To prove the necessity of licensing music to radio stations.
D. To demonstrate the urgency of forming a collecting society.
35. What can we infer from the passage?
A. It is not practical to improve the image-generating algorithm.
B. The function of Text-to-image AIs shouldn’t be underestimated.
C. Human efforts should be valued in the application of Text-to-image AIs.
D. Companies should be held responsible for the illegal pictures on public websites.
【答案】32. D 33. C 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文本到图像AI可以基于文本创建图像, 但也由此带来了许多道德问题, 文章对这些问题的解决提出了方法和建议。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“It all started when I typed a perfectly reasonable prompt (提示词) into one of several apps on the market that can create an image based on text. (这一切都是从我在市面上几个可以基于文本创建图像的应用程序之一中键入一个非常合理的提示开始的。)”和“Text-to-image AIs identify images by looking at the text that people have used to describe those pictures online. When the app got my prompt, it studied images that random people had described as “dinosaur” or laser and soon then used what is called a diffusion model (扩散模型) to add a bunch of random chaos to those pictures.(文本到图像AI通过查看人们用来在线描述这些图片的文本来识别图像。当应用程序收到我的提示时, 它研究了随机人描述为“恐龙＇或激光的图像, 然后很快使用所谓的扩散模型为这些图像添加了一堆随机的混乱。)”可知, 文本到图像AI根据在线图片创作作品。故选D项。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“As many artists have pointed out, their works are being used without payment. (正如许多艺术家所指出的, 他们的作品被免费使用。)”可知, 文本到图像AI的成功带来的问题之一是对艺术家版权的忽视。故选C项。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“Perhaps artists and art institutions today could form a “collecting society” that would allow companies to license their artwork for data sets. (也许今天的艺术家和艺术机构可以组建一个“收藏协会”, 允许公司授权其艺术作品用于数据集。)”可知, 作者在第四段中提到BMI是为了提出一种规范网络图片使用的方法。故选B项。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“To create ethical AI systems, we need to acknowledge the people whose work makes those systems so magical. We can’t simply take advantage of every image online-we need humans to manage those data sets and we need to pay them to do it. (为了创造合乎道德的人工智能系统, 我们需要承认那些让这些系统如此神奇的人。我们不能简单地利用网上的每一张图片, 我们需要人类来管理这些数据集, 我们需要支付他们的费用。)”可知, 在文本到图像AI的运用中, 应重视人类的努力。故选C项。
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2分, 满分10分)
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Recent years have witnessed the increasing popularity of such apps as WeChat and TikTok. ____36____ Also TikTok is already a household name globally, maybe one of the Chinese brands to be truly recognized universally.
WeChat is particularly relied upon as a secure part of the structure of our technologically advancing societies. ____37____
Moreover, a court in Haidian allows litigants(诉讼当事人)to communicate with their lawyers through WeChat video connections.
Many features of WeChat alongside its well-thought-out design have meant that the app has dominated its competitors domestically.
The ability to move through web pages without tags and save articles alongside other offline content within the app simplified the online experience. ____38____This is a fantastic application designed to combine the comprehensive nature of the web experience with the simplistic convenience of mobile apps.
____39____ An example is that users, when opening an app such as WeChat, will simply at first see the content that had been previously browsing, allowing them to pick up where they left off, much like reading a book.
The intuitive(直观的)design is what makes WeChat not just an app in communicating with friends and family. ____40____You can also order a taxi through it. All of these extra features come down to the one single universal strength of detail in design and multiple app service integration.
A. Residents in Guangzhou can use the app to store their ID cards.
B. Many may bring up the fact that you can pay for goods and services.
C. WeChat alone, as of 2020, boasts more than 1 billion users worldwide.
D. The app itself has no doubt also been an influence on many Western apps.
E. In a web browser, a user saves a list of favorite sites for future use while browsing.
F. Users didn’t have to switch constantly from app to app depending on the type of multimedia they consumed.
G. The continuity(连续性)in the online and offline browsing experience makes WeChat successful in keeping our attention.
【答案】36. C 37. A 38. F 39. G 40. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。介绍了微信越来越受欢迎的原因，因为它各种便利的功能。
【36题详解】
根据前文“Recent years have witnessed the increasing popularity of such apps as WeChat and TikTok. (近年来，微信和TikTok等应用越来越受欢迎)”及后文“Also TikTok is already a household name globally(此外，抖音在全球已经家喻户晓)”可知，微信和抖音近年来非常受欢迎，后文介绍了抖音的受欢迎程度，故空处应介绍微信的受欢迎程度。C项“WeChat alone, as of 2020, boasts more than 1 billion users worldwide.(截至2020年，仅微信一家就在全球拥有超过10亿的用户)”符合语境。故选C项。
【37题详解】
前文“WeChat is particularly relied upon as a secure part of the structure of our technologically advancing societies.(微信作为我们这个技术进步的社会结构的一个安全部分，尤其值得信赖)”讲到人们信任微信在技术推进社会结构进步方面的安全作用，A项“Residents in Guangzhou can use the app to store their ID cards.(广州居民可以使用这款应用存储身份证)”与后文“Moreover, a court in Haidian allows litigants (诉讼当事人)to communicate with their lawyers through WeChat video connections.(此外，海淀一家法院允许诉讼当事人通过微信视频连接与律师沟通)”都是为显示微信推进社会进步而举的例子。故选A项。
【38题详解】
根据前文“The ability to move through web pages without tags and save articles alongside other offline content within the app simplified the online experience.(在没有标签的情况下浏览网页，并将文章与其他离线内容一起保存在应用程序中，这些功能简化了在线体验)”可知，使用微信时可以在不同的网页中切换，并将文章与其他离线内容保存在应用程序中，这简化了在线体验。F项“Users didn’t have to switch constantly from app to app depending on the type of multimedia they consumed.(用户不必根据他们使用的多媒体类型不断地在应用程序之间切换)”承接上文，符合语境。故选F项。
【39题详解】
根据后文“An example is that users, when opening an app such as WeChat, will simply at first see the content that had been previously browsing, allowing them to pick up where they left off, much like reading a book.(例如，当用户打开微信等应用程序时，首先会看到之前浏览过的内容，让他们从离开的地方继续浏览，就像阅读一本书一样)”可知，当用户打开微信时，首先会看到之前浏览过的内容，他们可以继续浏览下去，这说明了微信浏览体验的连续性。G项“The continuity(连续性)in the online and offline browsing experience makes WeChat successful in keeping our attention.(线上和线下浏览体验的连续性使微信成功地保持了我们的注意力)”承接下文，符合语境。故选G项。
【40题详解】
根据前文“The intuitive(直观的)design is what makes WeChat not just an app in communicating with friends and family.(直观的设计使微信不仅仅是一个与朋友和家人交流的应用程序)”及后文“You can also order a taxi through it.(你也可以通过它叫出租车)”可知，微信不仅仅是一个与朋友和家人交流的应用程序，后文提到微信的另一个用途，故空处应介绍微信的其他用途。B项“Many may bring up the fact that you can pay for goods and services.(许多人可能会提到这样一个事实：你可以为商品和服务付费)”符合语境。故选B项。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节, 满分45分)
第一节 完形填空(共20小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分30分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The INF Clairefontaine is one of the world’s top football academies and also houses the French national football team.
The national team is in its third day of ____41____ since it gathered at the place to ____42____ a match against Denmark. Villagers nearby have been invited to watch their ____43____ on one side of the pitch (球场)．A media group watches from the ____44____ side. Most players are just ____45____ from their club teams, but they fall quickly and ____46____ into a communicative dance with the ball. Didier Deschamps, their coach, looks on from the pitch, ____47____ the discipline and efficiency he prizes.
On a nearby pitch, the academy youngsters (青训营)____48____ their training session, too. The boys erupt with screams whenever they ____49____ a goal.
After dusk settles in and training _____50_____, Kylian Mbappé, the French football superstar, stays late with a goalkeeper and a few defenders, _____51_____ extra shots. When he arrived on these same grounds roughly a decade earlier, he was full of _____52_____ like the current group of youngsters. But_____53_____ them, he doesn’t_____54_____ when his shots find their way past the keeper. He simply _____55_____ the practice, over and over. His only _____56_____ comes when a ball _____57_____ its mark. Then Mbappé erupts in shouts of regret.
“The youngest players look at the French team, and they tend to _____58_____ what they see, ”Deschamps says. “So each player has a_____59_____ in everything he does, on the pitch or off . . . to have a _____60_____ influence and to give a good image to the young players.
41. A. competition B. residence C. treatment D. vacation
42. A. open up B. give up C. prepare for D. search for
43. A. practice B. discussion C. adventure D. experiment
44. A. common B. correct C. possible D. opposite
45. A. choosing B. returning C. suffering D. learning
46. A. mainly B. equally C. safely D. easily
47. A. understanding B. overseeing C. introducing D. discovering
48. A. hold B. review C. plan D. skip
49. A. share B. establish C. score D. report
50. A. ends B. begins C. fails D. works
51. A. appreciating B. exchanging C. firing D. shaping
52. A. patience B. promise C. laughter D. wisdom
53. A. unlike B. except C. through D. among
54. A. benefit B. struggle C. escape D. celebrate
55. A. remembers B. removes C. repeats D. replaces
56. A. connection B. purpose C. donation D. reaction
57. A. misses B. receives C. reaches D. bears
58. A. assess B. describe C. deny D. copy
59. A. question B. duty C. position D. budget
60. A. cultural B. global C. positive D. decisive
【答案】41. B 42. C 43. A 44. D 45. B 46. D 47. B 48. A 49. C 50. A 51. C 52. B 53. A 54. D 55. C 56. D 57. A 58. D 59. B 60. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了法国国家足球队以及青训营同时在克莱方丹集结进行训练，著名前锋凯莉安·姆巴佩加班训练，为青年球员树立了榜样。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：自从他们聚集在这里准备与丹麦队进行比赛，国家队已经进入了入驻以后第三天的比赛。A. competition竞争；B. residence入驻；C. treatment治疗；对待；D. vacation假期。根据下文“since it gathered at the place(自从他们聚集在这里)”可知，国家队在这里聚集、入驻，准备比赛，故选B项。
【42题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：同上。A. open up拆开；B. give up放弃；C. prepare for准备；D. search for查找。根据下文“a match against Denmark(与丹麦队进行比赛)”可推理出，国家队聚集是为了准备与丹麦队进行比赛，故选C项。
【43题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：附近的村民被邀请在球场一侧观看他们的训练。A. practice练习；训练；B. discussion讨论；C. adventure冒险；D. experiment实验。根据上文“Villagers nearby have been invited to watch(附近的村民被邀请观看)”可知，国家队在集训，附近的村民被邀请来观看国家队的训练，故选A项。
【44题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个媒体小组在对面观看。A. common常见的；B. correct正确的；C. possible可能的；D. opposite对面的。根据上文“Villagers nearby have been invited to watch their practice on one side of the pitch(附近的村民被邀请在球场一侧观看他们的训练)”可推理出，村民在球场的一侧看球，媒体小组在对面观看，故选D项。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：大多数球员刚从俱乐部球队回来，但他们很快很轻松地进入了与球共舞的交流中。A. choosing选择；B. returning返回；C. suffering遭受；D. learning学习。根据下文“from their club teams(从俱乐部球队)”可推理出，这些球员是从俱乐部球队返回国家队，故选B项。
【46题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. mainly主要地；B. equally同样地；C. safely安全地；D. easily轻松地。根据下文“into a communicative dance with the ball(进入了与球共舞的交流中)”可知句子表达的是球员技艺娴熟，很轻松地在训练，故选D项。
【47题详解】
考查非谓语动词词义辨析。句意：他们的教练迪迪埃·德尚在球场上看着，监督着他所珍视的纪律和效率。A. understanding理解；B. overseeing监督；C. introducing介绍；D. discovering发现。根据下文“the discipline and efficiency he prizes.( 他所珍视的纪律和效率)”可知教练在监督纪律和训练效率，故选B项。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在附近的球场上，学院的青训营也在进行训练。A. hold举行；B. review复习；C. plan计划；D. skip跳。根据下文“their training session(培训课程)”可知空白处应填表示“举行”含义的动词，故选A项。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每当男孩们进球时，他们就会爆发出尖叫声。A. share分享；B. establish建立；C. score进球得分；D. report报告。根据上文“The boys erupt with screams(孩子们爆发出尖叫声)”以及下文“a goal(得分)”可推理出，空白处应填表示“进球得分”含义的动词，故选C项。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：黄昏降临，训练结束后，法国足球巨星凯莉安·姆巴佩与一名门将和几名后卫一起熬夜，进行额外的射门。A. ends结束；B. begins开始；C. fails失败；D. works工作。根据上文“After dusk settles in(黄昏降临)”以及下文“stays late(熬夜)”可推理出空白处应填表示训练“结束”含义的动词，故选A项。
【51题详解】
考查非谓语动词辨析。句意：同上。A. appreciating鉴赏；B. exchanging交换；C. firing射；D. shaping使……成型。根据下文“extra shots(额外的射门)”可知空白处应填表示“射门”含义的动词，故选C项。
【52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：大约十年前，当他来到这个地方时，他和现在的年轻人一样充满了希望。A. patience耐心；B. promise希望；C. laughter笑声；D. wisdom智慧。根据下文“like the current group of youngsters(像现在的年轻人一样)”可知，当年的凯莉安·姆巴佩来到这个球场的时候，和现在的年轻人一样充满着希望，故选B项。
【53题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：与他们不同是，当他的射门越过守门员时，他不会庆祝。A. unlike与……不同；B. except除……之外；C. through通过；D. among在……中。根据下文“he doesn’t celebrate when his shots find their way past the keeper(当他的射门越过守门员时，他不会庆祝)”可知凯莉安·姆巴佩与这些年轻人不同，空白处应填表示“与……不同”含义的介词，故选A项。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. benefit有助于；B. struggle搏斗；C. escape逃跑；D. celebrate庆祝。根据下文“when his shots find their way past the keeper(当他的射门越过守门员时)”可知，凯莉安·姆巴佩射门成功，这是值得庆祝的事，但是凯莉安·姆巴佩与年轻人不同，他并不庆祝，故选D项。
【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他只是一遍又一遍地重复练习。A. remembers记得；B. removes去掉；C. repeats重复；D. replaces替换。根据下文“over and over(一遍又一遍地)”可知凯莉安·姆巴佩在进行重复训练，故选C项。
【56题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他唯一的反应是当球没有击中目标时。A. connection连接；B. purpose目的；C. donation捐赠；D. reaction反应。根据下文“Then Mbappé erupts in shouts of regret.(随后，姆巴佩爆发出后悔的呐喊)”可知这是姆巴佩对没有进球做出的反应，故选D项。
【57题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. misses错过；B. receives收到；C. reaches到达；D. bears承受。根据下文“Then Mbappé erupts in shouts of regret.(随后，姆巴佩爆发出后悔的呐喊)”可知姆巴佩射门不成功，空白处应填表示“错过”含义的动词，故选A项。
【58题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：德尚说：“最年轻的球员看着法国队，他们往往会模仿他们所看到的。A. assess评估；B. describe描述；C. deny否认；D. copy模仿。根据下文“give a good image to the young players(给年轻球员留下好的形象)”可知，年轻球员会模仿他们所看到的，故选D项。
【59题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，每个球员对球场内外所做的一切都有责任，对年轻球员产生积极影响并树立良好形象。A. question问题；B. duty责任；C. position位置；D. budget预算。根据下文“in everything he does(对他所做的一切)”可知，空白处应填表示“责任”含义的名词，故选B项。
【60题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. cultural文化的；B. global全球的；C. positive积极的；D. decisive决定性的。根据下文“to give a good image to the young players(给年轻球员留下好的形象)”可推理出空白处应填表示“积极的”含义的形容词，故选C项。
第II卷(非选择题, 满分50分)
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Water on the Moon
NASA has confirmed the presence of water on the moon’s sunlit surface, a breakthrough ____61____(suggest) the chemical compound that is vital to life on Earth could be distributed across more parts of the lunar surface than the ice that ____62____(find) previously in dark and cold areas.
“We don’t know yet if we can use it as a resource, ” NASA Administrator Jim Bridenstine said, but he added that learning more about the water is still crucial.
The discovery comes from the space agency’s Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy, or SOFIA- a ____63____ (modify) Boeing 747 that can take telescope high1 into Earth’s atmosphere, ____64____researchers may peer at objects in space with hardly any visual disturbance from water vapor. To detect the molecules, SOFIA also used a special camera to distinguish between water’s specific wavelength of 6. 1 microns and that of its close chemical relative hydroxyl, or OH.
The data confirm ____65____experts have suspected, that water might exist on the moon’s sunny surface, though the form of it shall not be ____66____ (obvious)detected. Experts will now try to figure out exactly how the water came to form and why it persists.
“Data from this location reveal water in concentration of 100 to 412 parts per million trapped ____67____ a cubic meter of soil ” NASA said in a release about the discovery. “ ____68____ without a thick atmosphere, water on the sunlit lunar surface should just be lost to space, ” said Casey Honniball, the lead author of a study about the discovery, “somehow we’re actually seeing it. ”
There are several possible ____69____ (explain) for the water’s presence, including an interesting yet reasonable one ____70____(claim) its origin to the stony micro objects from space. Small balls of glass from that process could trap water, according to the researchers’ paper.
【答案】61. suggesting
62. was found##has been found
63. modified
64. where 65. what
66. obviously
67. in 68. Although##Though##While
69. explanations
70. claiming
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。讲述了美国国家航空航天局证实，月球阳光充足的表面存在水。
【61题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：美国国家航空航天局证实，月球阳光充足的表面存在水，这一突破表明，这种对地球生命至关重要的化合物可能分布在月球表面更多的地方，而不是之前在黑暗和寒冷地区发现的冰。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词has confirmed，所以suggest应该用非谓语形式，它的逻辑主语是breakthrough，两者间是主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填suggesting。
【62题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：美国国家航空航天局证实，月球阳光充足的表面存在水，这一突破表明，这种对地球生命至关重要的化合物可能分布在月球表面更多的地方，而不是之前在黑暗和寒冷地区发现的冰。分析句子结构可知，句中没有谓语动词，所以find作本句谓语，主语是that，代指先行词ice，和find间是被动关系，时态可用一般过去时或者现在完成时。故填was found或者has been found。
【63题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这一发现来自美国宇航局的平流层红外天文观测站，简称SOFIA，这是一架经过改装的波音747飞机，可以将望远镜带到地球大气层的高空，在那里，研究人员可以在几乎没有水蒸气视觉干扰的情况下观察太空中的物体。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词comes，所以modify用非谓语形式，Boeing 747应该是“被修改”, 所以作前置定语的非谓语用动词－ed形式。故填modified。
64题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这一发现来自美国宇航局的平流层红外天文观测站，简称SOFIA，这是一架经过改装的波音747飞机，可以将望远镜带到地球大气层的高空，在那里，研究人员可以在几乎没有水蒸气视觉干扰的情况下观察太空中的物体。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Earth’s atmosphere，在从句中作地点状语，用where引导。故填where。
【65题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：这些数据证实了专家们的猜测，即在月球阳光充足的表面上可能存在水，尽管水的形式还不能被明显探测到。分析句子结构可知, confirm后面缺宾语, 而suspected也缺宾语, 所以这里应该是宾语从句, 用what引导。故填what。
【66题详解】
考查副词。句意：这些数据证实了专家们的猜测，即在月球阳光充足的表面上可能存在水，尽管水的形式还不能被明显探测到。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空后的动词，应该用副词修饰。故填obviously。
【67题详解】
考查介词。句意：美国宇航局在一份关于这一发现的新闻稿中说：“来自这个地方的数据显示，每立方米土壤中含有百万分之100至412的水。”分析句子结构可知，此处考查固定搭配：trap in意为“使困于”。故填in。
【68题详解】
考查状语从句。句意：“虽然没有厚厚的大气层，在阳光照射下的月球表面上的水应该会流失到太空中，”一项关于这一发现的研究的主要作者凯西·霍尼博尔(Casey Honniball)说，“但不知怎么的，我们实际上看到了它。”分析句子结构，这里表示“尽管”, 故用引导让步状语从句的词。故填Although或者Though或者While。
【69题详解】
考查名词。句意：关于水的存在有几种可能的解释，其中一个有趣但合理的解释是，它起源于太空中的石质微物体。分析句子结构可知，空前是形容词，所以空处应填名词作表语，explanation意为“解释”，为可数名词，根据several可知，需用复数形式。故填explanations。
【70题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：关于水的存在有几种可能的解释，其中一个有趣但合理的解释是，它起源于太空中的石质微物体。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词are，所以claim用非谓语形式，逻辑主语是one，两者是主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填claiming。
第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分, 满分10分)
71. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
There are many respectable people around me. Among them, the person I respected most is my father. He is ordinary middle school teacher who devotes himself to teach. It is the love for his career which makes him achieve a lot in his work. He has won his students respect. My father is very busy every day, and he still spares some time to accompany me, sharing many amused things with me about his work. Whenever I come across with problems in my life, he will encourage me to overcome it bravely. I love him deeply. What lucky I am to have such a good father!
【答案】1. respected→respect
2. 在ordinary前加an
3. teach→teaching
4. which→that
5. students→students’
6. and→but/yet
7. amused→amusing
8. 删除with
9. it→them
10. What→How
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，作者在文章介绍了最尊敬的人——父亲。
【详解】1. 考查时态。句意：其中，我最尊敬的人是我的父亲。“I respected most”是省略了关系代词的定语从句，根据主句谓语动词“is”以及上文“There are many respectable people around me.”可知此从句应该用一般现在时，从句主语为I，谓语动词为respect。故将respected改为 respect。
2. 考查冠词。句意：他是一名全身心地投入教学的普通中学教师。teacher为可数名词，此句中表示“一位普通中学教师”，表泛指，且ordinary的发音以元音音素开头，在ordinary 前加不定冠词an。故在ordinary前加an。
3. 考查动名词。句意：他是一名全身心地投入教学的普通中学教师。devote oneself to 中的to是介词，后跟动名词作宾语。故将teach改为teaching。
4. 考查强调句型。句意：正是对事业的热爱使他在工作上取得了很大的成就。句子结构分析可知，此句为强调句型，对主语the love for his career 进行强调，应将which改为that。故将which改为that。
5. 考查名词所有格。句意：他赢得了学生们的尊敬。此处指“学生们的”尊重，应该用名词students的所有格形式students’。故将students改为students’。
6. 考查连词。句意：我的父亲每天都很忙，但他仍然抽出一些时间陪我，和我分享许多关于他工作的趣事。句意分析可知“My father is very busy every day”与“he still spares some time to accompany me”之间为转折关系，需要用表转折的连词连接，把and改为but或者yet。故将and改为but/yet。
7. 考查形容词。句意：我的父亲每天都很忙，但他仍然抽出一些时间陪我，和我分享许多关于他工作的趣事。句中指父亲和我分享“好笑的，有趣的事情”，此处指令人感觉好笑的事情，应用形容词amusing修饰名词things。故将amused改为amusing。
8. 考查动词短语。句意：每当我在生活中遇到问题时，他都会鼓励我勇敢地克服它们.动词短语come across意为“遇见，碰见，发现”，直接跟宾语，with多余。故删除across后的with。
9. 考查代词。句意：每当我在生活中遇到问题时，他都会鼓励我勇敢地克服它们。句中overcome(克服) 的宾语是从句中提到的problems，为复数，应用代词them指代problems。故将it改为them。
10. 考查感叹句。句意：我有这样一个好爸爸是多么幸运啊！此感叹句的中心词lucky为形容词，在句中作表语，因此，此感叹句应该用how引导。故将What改为How。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
72. 为庆祝创刊5周年, 你校英语报以＂The Power of Reading”为题举办征文活动, 请你以此为题写一篇征文稿, 内容包括：
1. 阅读的意义;
2. 介绍一本你喜欢的书;
3. 你喜欢这本书的理由。
注意：1. 词数100左右;
2. 可适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
The Power of Reading
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】The Power of Reading
Reading is an essential part of our lives. It allows us to explore new worlds, gain knowledge, and develop our imagination. Reading is not only a source of entertainment but also a means to expand our minds and broaden our horizons.
Personally, my affections lay with the great novel “To Kill a Mockingbird” by Harper Lee. The novel, depicting life in the 1930s American South, illuminates the tale of a young girl coming to terms with the social disagreement of her world and her father’s adversity against the cruelty of racism and injustice. Moreover, it underscores the value of advocating for our beliefs, even when confronting social norms. Also, it stresses the importance of empathy and comprehension, while penetrating deep into stubbornness and discrimination.
The reason I cherish this book is because of its timeless magnificence that remains as relevant today as it was during its conception. Moreover, the book tackles significant themes of racial inequality, social injustice, and the perseverance of moral courage. I passionately urge everyone to allocate some time to reading this novel!
【解析】
【导语】本篇应用文属于征文稿，要求考生以“The Power of Reading”为题为学校英语报写一篇征文稿，介绍阅读的意义和自己喜欢的一本书。
【详解】1.词汇积累：
使能够：allow→enable
抽出时间： allocate some time →spare some time
就我而言：Personally→from my perspective
处理：tackle→deal with
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Also, it stresses the importance of empathy and comprehension, while penetrating deep into stubbornness and discrimination.
拓展句：Also, it stresses the importance of empathy and comprehension, while it penetrates deep into stubbornness and discrimination.
【点睛】【高分句型1】The novel, depicting life in the 1930s American South, illuminates the tale of a young girl coming to terms with the social disagreement of her world and her father’s adversity against the cruelty of racism and injustice.(运用了 depicting, coming现在分词做定语)
【高分句型2】The reason I cherish this book is because of its timeless magnificence that remains as relevant today as it was during its conception..(运用了the reason (why)+定语从句+ is +表语的句型。)
成都石室中学2022-2023学年度下期
高2023届三诊模拟考试
英语试题
(全卷满分150分, 考试时间120分钟)
注意事项：
1. 答卷前, 考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在本试卷和答题卡相应位置上。
2. 作答选择题时, 选出每小题答案后, 用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如需改动, 用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷上。
3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答。答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动, 先划掉原来的答案, 然后再写上新答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。
4. 考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后, 将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第I卷(选择题, 满分100分)
第一部分 听力(共两节, 满分30分)
注意, 听力部分答题时请先将答案标在试卷上, 听力部分结束前你将有两分钟的时间将答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共5小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分7. 5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where did the man go yesterday?
A To a library. B. To a museum. C. To a tennis court.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Jenny said she planned to play tennis with you yesterday but you were not at home.
M: I went to the City Library to borrow some books for my research on museums.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Who is the woman talking to?
A. A neighbor. B. Her son. C. A deliveryman.
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】M: Excuse me, Mrs. Brown. Here is a package for you.
W: Thank you, young man.
M: Actually, the deliveryman sent your package to our flat by mistake. Mom asked me to give it back to you.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Why is George late?
A. He missed the bus. B. His bike broke down. C. He had to change clothes.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: George, you are late. What happened?
M: I’m sorry, Ms. Green. I was on my bike when a bus drove by and the next second there was mud all over me. I had to go back and get changed.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How did the man feel after watching the video?
A. Excited. B. Moved. C. Surprised.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M:The short video has more than 2 million views now. Have you watched it?
W:You mean the one you shared yesterday? Yes. I was even touched to tears.
M:To tell you the truth, so was I.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What’s the matter with Laura?
A. She is under work pressure.
B. She pressed the wrong button.
C. She broke the printing machine.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: The printing machine is broken!
M: Calm down, Laura. Just plug it in, and press the red button to turn it on.
W: Oh, look at me! The project drives me mad!
M: You do need a good rest.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分22. 5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟;听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Boss and secretary.
B. Coach and player.
C. Receptionist and customer.
7. Why is the swimming pool closed?
A. It is under decoration.
B. Its equipment needs updating.
C. Today is weekly cleaning day.
【答案】6. C 7. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Good morning, Crown Hotel. Can I help you?
M: Good morning. this is David Cooper. I booked a room on your app and I’m calling to confirm it.
W: Sure, Mr. Cooper. I have seen your reservation here. One room for today and tomorrow. When are you going to check in?
M: We’ll probably arrive at 9 pm. Will the swimming pool be open then?
W: I’m sorry. The pool is closed every Monday for cleaning. But our newly decorated gym opens till midnight. We have some new sports equipment.
M: OK. I will have a try.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. What will the speakers have for supper?
A. Fried food. B. Italian food. C. Homemade food.
9. What will the woman do next?
A. Take a bath. B. Order food online. C. Go to a restaurant.
10. What does the woman think of the man?
A. He is creative. B. He is generous. C. He is thoughtful.
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C
【解析】
【原文】W: I don’t feel like cooking today. Let’s just get some food delivered on the phone. How about some fried chicken tonight?
M: Fried chicken? You never liked fried food! What’s going on?
W: I am stressed out, and they say fried food can bring instant joy.
M: No wonder. Listen, you don’t actually need the fried chicken. I know a restaurant that serves the best Italian food. It tastes like my grandma’s homemade dishes. Would you like to try some?
W: You mean right now?
M: Yes! I’ll drive.
W: But I don’t want to move an inch.
M: All right. What about this? You have a nice bath and I’ll drive there to order some takeout. It’s quicker.
W: Oh, you are always so sweet, honey.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11. How does the man like Avatar 2?
A. Disappointing. B. Average. C. Impressive.
12. Which part of Avatar 1 attracted the man most?
A. The plot. B. The characters. C. The special effects.
13. What does the woman suggest the man do?
A. Compare the two movies.
B. Appreciate Avatar 2 again.
C. Explain his love for Avatar 1.
【答案】11. A 12. C 13. B
【解析】
【详解】W: Did you go to see the movie Avatar 2 yesterday?
M: Don’t mention it! It feels like a recycled movie.
W: Recycled? What do you mean?
M: The setting, the characters, and even the plot were similar to Avatar 1. The director Cameron seems to have remade it.
W: You can’t be serious! There has to be something different.
M: The only difference is the title, otherwise I wouldn’t have gone to the cinema.
W: I thought you were a fan of the director. Is it because you expect too much of him?
M: Probably. The special effects of Avatar 1 are so wonderful that I say “wow” every time I watch it. But this time, I didn’t feel the excitement I had expected.
W: That explains it. Nothing can compare to Avatar 1 in your mind. Why not give Avatar 2 a second chance? Then probably you will change your mind.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14. What are the speakers talking about?
A. The city marathon.
B. The supply distribution.
C. The changeable weather.
15. When did the woman complete her course?
A. Around 8:00. B. Around 10:00. C. Around 12:00.
16. What was the weather like in the morning?
A. Windy. B. Cloudy. C. Sunny.
17. What will the man probably do next year?
A. Run a race. B. Work as a volunteer. C. Join the law office.
【答案】14. A 15. B 16. B 17. B
【解析】
【原文】M: You took part in the annual city marathon last week! That’s awesome! I didn’t know you are an athlete!
W: Thank you, but it’s just a hobby. Marathon allows me to escape from my tiring work at the law office.
M: What about the race? Did you complete the whole course?
W: I ran a half marathon-about 13 miles altogether. It took me about 2 hours.
M: Oh, I couldn’t even picture myself running that long, especially in such hot windless days.
W: The race started at 8 o’clock, and luckily there were enough clouds the whole morning.
M: Did you carry any supplies with you?
W: No, the volunteers would provide us with enough supplies along the path. It wasn’t as tough as you think. Would you like to join me next year?
M: Er, I think I can help distribute the supplies and cheer for the athletes.
W: That’s a great idea.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
18. What helps women find more scientific clues?
A. Their sixth sense.
B. Their world view.
C. Their research methods.
19. Who contributed to the development of the air conditioner in cars?
A. Katie Hainer.
B. Rosalind Franklin.
C. Margaret Wilcox.
20. What does the radio program mainly focus on?
A. Public opinions on science.
B. Major scientific breakthroughs.
C. Untold stories of female scientists.
【答案】18. A 19. C 20. C
【解析】
【原文】 W：I’m Katie Hainer, host of a new weekly radio program called Lost Women of Science coming next November. Through history women have made hundreds of scientific breakthroughs. They have a sixth sense that enables them to pick out more important clues. But many of these female scientists are missing from public view. The more I do this research, the more I realize that women are at the heart of some of the most important developments in science. For example, Rosalind Franklin contributed much to the discovery of the structure of DNA. And the work of Margaret Wilcox, an American engineer, was crucial to the development of the air conditioner in cars. Each season, we’ll explore and celebrate the life and work of one woman who shaped our world view. And we’ll explore some of the reasons why you might not know her name. We’ll be looking at the barriers these women faced, as well as their passion and drive. Join us as we honor these remarkable stories you may not know.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分, 满分30分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
A
Some libraries use unique architecture to encourage visitors to explore the bookshelves and settle down with a new book, or use roving libraries to bring books to hard-to-reach populations. No matter how they achieve it, these novel libraries are keeping the magic of reading alive.
Bishan Library (Singapore)
Built in 2006, this library with skylights and trellises, is meant to invoke a modern glass treehouse. Glass pods of varying colors stick out of the building randomly to create cozy yet airy corners for reading throughout the building. At the same time, a more open-plan children’s room on the basement level invites interaction while preventing noise from filtering upward and disturbing those concentrating in the lofty perches above.
Stuttgart City Library (Stuttgart, Germany)
Opened in 2011, this nine-story public library is characterized by its attractive white color scheme (lit by blue light at night), its bold cubic shape. This cultural center for the city, designed to feel open and full of light, can be entered from any of its four sides, and people can borrow artwork as well as books.
The Camel Library Service (North Eastern Province, Kenya)
To combat low literacy rates in the desert of Kenya, the government created a roaming library composed of nine camels bringing books to villages. The library travels four days a week serving the region’s nomadic people. With more funding, they plan to increase their reach both in distance and the books they carry.
Macquarie University Library (Sydney, Australia)
A wonderful combination of cutting-edge and sustainable ideas, this building was made from recycled materials, features a green roof, and was designed to look like the shape of a eucalyptus tree. It is also state of the art, using robot cranes to bring requested books to the front desk.
21. Which of the following can offer the service of lending artwork?
A. Bishan Library. B. Stuttgart City Library.
C. The Camel Library Service. D. Macquarie University Library.
22. What can we know about the Macquarie University Library?
A. It is intelligent and environmentally-friendly.
B It has a green roof and a eucalyptus tree outside.
C. It is like a modern glass treehouse with skylights.
D. It opens four days a week serving the local people.
23. According to the passage, the four libraries are all designed to ________.
A. prevent noise
B. recycle old books
C. encourage reading
D. present beautiful appearances
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个不同地方的创意图书馆，其目的是鼓励人们阅读。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Stuttgart City Library (Stuttgart, Germany)中的“This cultural center for the city, designed to feel open and full of light, can be entered from any of its four sides, and people can borrow artwork as well as books.(这座城市的文化中心设计得很开放，光线充足，可以从四面进入，人们可以借阅艺术品和书籍。)”可知，人们可以从这个图书馆借艺术作品和书。故选B项。
【22题详解】
推理判断题。根据Macquarie University Library (Sydney, Australia)中的“A wonderful combination of cutting-edge and sustainable ideas, this building was made from recycled materials, features a green roof, and was designed to look like the shape of a eucalyptus tree. It is also state of the art, using robot cranes to bring requested books to the front desk.(这座建筑是尖端技术和可持续理念的完美结合，由回收材料建造，有绿色屋顶，设计模仿桉树的外观。它也是最先进的，使用机器人起重机将所需的书籍送到前台。)”可知，Macquarie University Library将尖端技术与可持续理念完美结合，由机器人起重机将所需书籍送到前台。由此可知，该图书馆非常智能，对环境也很友好。故选A项。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Some libraries use unique architecture to encourage visitors to explore the bookshelves and settle down with a new book, or use roving libraries to bring books to hard-to-reach populations. No matter how they achieve it, these novel libraries are keeping the magic of reading alive.(有些图书馆以独特的建筑外观吸引游客在书架间探索、专心阅读一本新书，或通过流动图书馆服务，将书籍带给不便于到馆的读者。无论方式如何，这些别具一格的图书馆都让阅读的魔力经久不衰。)”可知，文章介绍的这些图书馆归根结底都有一个目的，就是吸引读者阅读、鼓励读者阅读。故选C项。
B
It was a week after my mom had passed away and I didn’t know how to go on with life. So when I received an email from a friend about a race benefiting cancer research, I ignored it. It seemed to prick my heart, as cancer was the disease that had taken my mother away from me.
But something about my friend’s words—“I can help organize the whole thing”—stuck with me. I felt obliged（有义务的）to agree. In the weeks to come, I managed to re-enter the world of the living. I checked our team’s website daily, feeling proud each time a donation ticked up our total. I knew my mom would have wanted it that way. She was the type who never got defeated. It was this very spirit that helped me get by.
When the race ended, I noticed the runners all had one thing in common: There were big smiles on their faces. They made it look so rewarding and effortless. I wanted in.
So I enrolled in another race two months later. Considering I could barely run a mile, it was ambitious. But my friend and I made a training plan so I wouldn’t come in last. I followed it religiously and didn’t let anything get in my way.
Running up and down the city’s hills, I was flooded with memories. I had lived there after college and my mother had visited often. I passed Bloomingdale’s, recalling the time she and I had gotten into a screaming argument there.
I was about to beat myself up when I remembered what Mom had said after her diagnosis of cancer. “I don’t want you to feel guilty about anything.” Her paper-thin hands had held me tightly. A weight lifted from my shoulders.
When the race day arrived, I gave it my all for my mom and for all she had taught me and continued to teach me. As I ran, whenever I felt like slowing down, I pictured her cheering me on.
Crossing the finish line, I was filled with her love and a sense of peace.
24. Why did the author ignore the email in the beginning?
A. She felt it hard to finish the race.
B. She had no time to join in the event.
C. She thought the research meaningless.
D. She was reminded of her mother’s death.
25. What mainly helped the author recover from her mom’s death?
A. The company of her friends. B. The inspiration from her mom.
C. The pleasure in going for a run. D. The success in organizing an event.
26. Which of the words can best describe the author’s mom?
A. Considerate and polite. B. Brave and humorous.
C. Strong-willed and caring. D. Outgoing and patient.
27. What might be the best title for the passage?
A. How I Got Healed in Running B. The Loss of Sweet Memories
C. What Matters Most in Running D. The Rewards of Great Friendship
【答案】24. D 25. B 26. C 27. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者母亲去世之后，作者对母亲的回忆及母亲赐予作者的力量，使他能够从悲伤中走出来，积极面对生活。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段第三句“It seemed to prick my heart, as cancer was the disease that had taken my mother away from me.”（这件事似乎刺痛了我的心，正是癌症夺去了我母亲的生命。）可知这个比赛使作者想起了因癌症过世的母亲。故选D项。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“She was the type who never got defeated. It was this very spirit that helped me get by.”（她是那种永远不会被打败的人。正是这种精神帮助我度过那段艰难的时期。）可知，母亲永不言败的精神支撑作者从悲伤中恢复。故选B项。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段第六句“She was the type who never got defeated. ”（她是那种永远不会被打败的人。）可知作者的母亲意志力坚强，并结合第六段第二句“I don’t want you to feel guilty about anything.”（我不希望你对任何事情感到内疚。）说明母亲关心爱护作者。所以作者母亲是一个意志坚强，又体贴的人。故选C项。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段第二句“As I ran, whenever I felt like slowing down, I pictured her cheering me on. Crossing the finish line, I was filled with her love and a sense of peace.”（在赛跑的时候，每当我想慢下来的时候，就会看到母亲鼓励我的画面。通过终点线时，我内心充满了她的关爱和一种平和感。）并结合上文作者对母亲的回忆，可知母亲治愈了作者，正是母亲的鼓励，他才能完成比赛。故选A项。
C
Of all the weird and wonderful creatures living under the sea, perhaps the strangest are jellyfish—those rubbery, cone-shaped creatures found floating in the water, their long tentacles trailing behind.
Some jellyfish species have a bad reputation for scaring away tourists, clogging up fishing nets, and even blocking power station pipes. But with more and more plastic rubbish ending up in the sea, these days you’re as likely to swim into a plastic bag as a jellyfish. Now scientific research is discovering that these rubbery sea creatures might provide an answer—a sticky solution to the problem of plastic pollution.
In recent years, tiny pieces of plastic called microplastic have been a significant problem for the world’s seas and oceans. These plastics are not visible to the eye and aren’t caught by seawater treatment plants due to their small size, so they enter our system and harm our health. They’ve been found in many places—in Arctic ice, at the bottom of the sea and even inside animals. Slovenian scientist, Dr Ana Rotter, heads GoJelly, a European research team of jellyfish ecologists looking into the problem.
Microplastics, plastics in general, are becoming an increasing problem. Dr Ana Rotter says when she was a child, people were more environmentally friendly—not harmful to the environment or having the least possible impact on it. At that time, there were very few single-use plastics—plastic items, like spoons and forks, designed to be used just once, then thrown away. The situation since then has changed dramatically. In fact, there’s been such an increase in microplastics that today the UN lists plastic pollution as one of the world’s top environmental threats.
But how do jellyfish fit into the story? Well, it’s the ‘jelly’ part of jellyfish, and specifically their sticky, jelly-like mucus that is key. Jellyfish produce a thick, sticky liquid called mucus. Dr Ana Rotter has discovered that this mucus has strong absorptive capabilities—it can absorb, take in liquids and other substances. One of the substances jellyfish mucus absorbs are the particles that make up microplastics.
Dr Rotter’s research is still in the early stages, but it’s hoped that jellyfish mucus could hold the key to a future free of microplastic polluted oceans. Scientists are hoping that the mucus’s absorptive properties—its abilities to absorb liquids and other substances and hold them, will allow it to trap particles of plastic floating in the sea. By trapping these, the mucus acts like a magnet—an object that attracts certain materials, like metal, but in this case, microplastic waste.
28. Paragraph 3 mainly talks about ________.
A. where microplastics can be found
B. why microplastics can harm our health
C. what problems the seas and oceans are facing
D. how the research was carried out by the scientist
29. What can we learn from this passage?
A. Jellyfish species cause a great threat to the sea.
B. Jellyfish species like to swim and live in plastic bags.
C. Jellyfish mucus can attract metals and break them down.
D. Jellyfish mucus can absorb liquids and some other substances.
30. What does the underlined word “properties” in Paragraph 6 most probably mean?
A. Qualities. B. Substances. C. Choices. D. Materials.
31. What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage?
A. To show the harm that sea and ocean pollution brings to human beings.
B. To introduce the living habits of the weird and wonderful creatures in the sea.
C. To provide a new method for collecting data on environmental threats in the sea.
D. To inform a promising scientific finding for dealing with plastic pollution in the sea.
【答案】28. C 29. D 30. A 31. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。随着海洋中塑料垃圾的增多，科学家们正试图通过水母的黏液研究解决海洋中微塑料的方法。
【28题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“In recent years, tiny pieces of plastic called microplastic have been a significant problem for the world’s seas and oceans. (近年来，被称为微塑料的微小塑料碎片已经成为世界海洋的一个重大问题)”可知，本段主要介绍了微塑料近年来已经成为世界海洋面临的一个重大问题。由此可推知，本段主要介绍了世界海洋面临的问题。故选C项。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第五段中的“Dr Ana Rotter has discovered that this mucus has strong absorptive capabilities—it can absorb, take in liquids and other substances.( 安娜·罗特博士发现这种粘液有很强的吸收能力——它可以吸收液体和其他物质)”可知，水母的黏液可以吸收液体和其他物质。故选D项。
【30题详解】
词义猜测题。根据文章第六段中的“Scientists are hoping that the mucus’s absorptive properties—its abilities to absorb liquids and other substances and hold them, will allow it to trap particles of plastic floating in the sea.(科学家们希望黏液的吸收特性——它吸收液体和其他物质，并容纳它们的能力——能让它捕获漂浮在海里的塑料颗粒)”可知，absorptive properties与后面的its abilities to absorb liquids and other substances and hold them为同义表达，此处表示“吸收液体和其他物质，并容纳它们的能力”，由此可推知，此处指“吸收特性”，properties为property的复数形式，原意为“特性”，与quality互为同义表达。故选A项。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。阅读文章内容可知，文章开篇通过水母引出话题，第二段“Now scientific research is discovering that these rubbery sea creatures might provide an answer—a sticky solution to the problem of plastic pollution.(现在，科学研究发现，这些橡胶状的海洋生物可能会为塑料污染问题提供一个棘手的解决方案)”提到了水母这种生物可能为塑料污染问题提供解决方案；第三、四、五、六段介绍了Ana Rotter博士利用水母的黏液吸收海洋微塑料垃圾的相关研究。由此可推知，作者写这篇文章的主要目的在于介绍一种有望解决海洋塑料垃圾的科学研究。故选D项。
D
It all started when I typed a perfectly reasonable prompt (提示词)into one of several apps on the market that can create an image based on text. “Skull space laser dinosaur starship explosion, ” I wrote. The app processed for a few seconds, and returned four images, one of which was strangely accurate: a dinosaur-looking skull screamed out of an empty space, trailing fire. Text-to-image AIs identify images by looking at the text that people have used to describe those pictures online. When the app got my prompt, it studied images that random people had described as “dinosaur” or laser and soon then used what is called a diffusion model (扩散模型) to add a bunch of random chaos to those pictures. Once they were suitably completed, it “upscaled” them, removing noise and sharpening focus. Its work is so good that an artist using it recently won first place for digital images at the Colorado State Fair.
But there is the question of all the other pictures online that are being transformed into AI-generated masterpieces. As many artists have pointed out, their works are being used without payment. The image-generating algorithm (算法) creates illustrations and even movies by using data sets stocked with art stolen from artists who post their works online.
Some AI researchers argue that their algorithms aren’t stealing from artists so much as learning from them just as human artists learn from each other. But a more ethical approach would be for companies to acknowledge their debt to artists and create a model of voluntary collective licensing, much like what radio stations first did in radio’s early days. Back then, musicians created groups like BMI to collectively license their music to radio stations-then BMI would pay artists based on how often their songs were played. Perhaps artists and art institutions today could form a “collecting society” that would allow companies to license their artwork for data sets.
To create ethical AI systems, we need to acknowledge the people whose work makes those systems so magical. We can’t simply take advantage of every image online - we need humans to manage those data sets and we need to pay them to do it.
32. What can we learn about Text-to-image Als from the first two paragraphs?
A. They are developed to process pictures.
B. They are used to describe online pictures.
C. They use a diffusion model to beautify pictures.
D. They create their works based on online pictures.
33. One of the issues raised by the success of Text-to-image AIs is ________.
A. the influence upon art creation
B. the availability of online pictures
C. the neglect of the artists’ copyright
D. the prospect of artists being replaced
34. Why did the author mention BMI in Paragraph 4?
A. To introduce the role that BMI played in AI history.
B. To present a way to regulate the use of online pictures.
C. To prove the necessity of licensing music to radio stations.
D. To demonstrate the urgency of forming a collecting society.
35. What can we infer from the passage?
A. It is not practical to improve the image-generating algorithm.
B. The function of Text-to-image AIs shouldn’t be underestimated.
C. Human efforts should be valued in the application of Text-to-image AIs.
D. Companies should be held responsible for the illegal pictures on public websites.
【答案】32. D 33. C 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文本到图像AI可以基于文本创建图像, 但也由此带来了许多道德问题, 文章对这些问题的解决提出了方法和建议。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“It all started when I typed a perfectly reasonable prompt (提示词) into one of several apps on the market that can create an image based on text. (这一切都是从我在市面上几个可以基于文本创建图像的应用程序之一中键入一个非常合理的提示开始的。)”和“Text-to-image AIs identify images by looking at the text that people have used to describe those pictures online. When the app got my prompt, it studied images that random people had described as “dinosaur” or laser and soon then used what is called a diffusion model (扩散模型) to add a bunch of random chaos to those pictures.(文本到图像AI通过查看人们用来在线描述这些图片的文本来识别图像。当应用程序收到我的提示时, 它研究了随机人描述为“恐龙＇或激光的图像, 然后很快使用所谓的扩散模型为这些图像添加了一堆随机的混乱。)”可知, 文本到图像AI根据在线图片创作作品。故选D项。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“As many artists have pointed out, their works are being used without payment. (正如许多艺术家所指出的, 他们的作品被免费使用。)”可知, 文本到图像AI的成功带来的问题之一是对艺术家版权的忽视。故选C项。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“Perhaps artists and art institutions today could form a “collecting society” that would allow companies to license their artwork for data sets. (也许今天的艺术家和艺术机构可以组建一个“收藏协会”, 允许公司授权其艺术作品用于数据集。)”可知, 作者在第四段中提到BMI是为了提出一种规范网络图片使用的方法。故选B项。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“To create ethical AI systems, we need to acknowledge the people whose work makes those systems so magical. We can’t simply take advantage of every image online-we need humans to manage those data sets and we need to pay them to do it. (为了创造合乎道德的人工智能系统, 我们需要承认那些让这些系统如此神奇的人。我们不能简单地利用网上的每一张图片, 我们需要人类来管理这些数据集, 我们需要支付他们的费用。)”可知, 在文本到图像AI的运用中, 应重视人类的努力。故选C项。
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2分, 满分10分)
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Recent years have witnessed the increasing popularity of such apps as WeChat and TikTok. ____36____ Also TikTok is already a household name globally, maybe one of the Chinese brands to be truly recognized universally.
WeChat is particularly relied upon as a secure part of the structure of our technologically advancing societies. ____37____
Moreover, a court in Haidian allows litigants(诉讼当事人)to communicate with their lawyers through WeChat video connections.
Many features of WeChat alongside its well-thought-out design have meant that the app has dominated its competitors domestically.
The ability to move through web pages without tags and save articles alongside other offline content within the app simplified the online experience. ____38____This is a fantastic application designed to combine the comprehensive nature of the web experience with the simplistic convenience of mobile apps.
____39____ An example is that users, when opening an app such as WeChat, will simply at first see the content that had been previously browsing, allowing them to pick up where they left off, much like reading a book.
The intuitive(直观的)design is what makes WeChat not just an app in communicating with friends and family. ____40____You can also order a taxi through it. All of these extra features come down to the one single universal strength of detail in design and multiple app service integration.
A. Residents in Guangzhou can use the app to store their ID cards.
B. Many may bring up the fact that you can pay for goods and services.
C. WeChat alone, as of 2020, boasts more than 1 billion users worldwide.
D. The app itself has no doubt also been an influence on many Western apps.
E. In a web browser, a user saves a list of favorite sites for future use while browsing.
F. Users didn’t have to switch constantly from app to app depending on the type of multimedia they consumed.
G. The continuity(连续性)in the online and offline browsing experience makes WeChat successful in keeping our attention.
【答案】36. C 37. A 38. F 39. G 40. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。介绍了微信越来越受欢迎的原因，因为它各种便利的功能。
【36题详解】
根据前文“Recent years have witnessed the increasing popularity of such apps as WeChat and TikTok. (近年来，微信和TikTok等应用越来越受欢迎)”及后文“Also TikTok is already a household name globally(此外，抖音在全球已经家喻户晓)”可知，微信和抖音近年来非常受欢迎，后文介绍了抖音的受欢迎程度，故空处应介绍微信的受欢迎程度。C项“WeChat alone, as of 2020, boasts more than 1 billion users worldwide.(截至2020年，仅微信一家就在全球拥有超过10亿的用户)”符合语境。故选C项。
【37题详解】
前文“WeChat is particularly relied upon as a secure part of the structure of our technologically advancing societies.(微信作为我们这个技术进步的社会结构的一个安全部分，尤其值得信赖)”讲到人们信任微信在技术推进社会结构进步方面的安全作用，A项“Residents in Guangzhou can use the app to store their ID cards.(广州居民可以使用这款应用存储身份证)”与后文“Moreover, a court in Haidian allows litigants (诉讼当事人)to communicate with their lawyers through WeChat video connections.(此外，海淀一家法院允许诉讼当事人通过微信视频连接与律师沟通)”都是为显示微信推进社会进步而举的例子。故选A项。
【38题详解】
根据前文“The ability to move through web pages without tags and save articles alongside other offline content within the app simplified the online experience.(在没有标签的情况下浏览网页，并将文章与其他离线内容一起保存在应用程序中，这些功能简化了在线体验)”可知，使用微信时可以在不同的网页中切换，并将文章与其他离线内容保存在应用程序中，这简化了在线体验。F项“Users didn’t have to switch constantly from app to app depending on the type of multimedia they consumed.(用户不必根据他们使用的多媒体类型不断地在应用程序之间切换)”承接上文，符合语境。故选F项。
【39题详解】
根据后文“An example is that users, when opening an app such as WeChat, will simply at first see the content that had been previously browsing, allowing them to pick up where they left off, much like reading a book.(例如，当用户打开微信等应用程序时，首先会看到之前浏览过的内容，让他们从离开的地方继续浏览，就像阅读一本书一样)”可知，当用户打开微信时，首先会看到之前浏览过的内容，他们可以继续浏览下去，这说明了微信浏览体验的连续性。G项“The continuity(连续性)in the online and offline browsing experience makes WeChat successful in keeping our attention.(线上和线下浏览体验的连续性使微信成功地保持了我们的注意力)”承接下文，符合语境。故选G项。
【40题详解】
根据前文“The intuitive(直观的)design is what makes WeChat not just an app in communicating with friends and family.(直观的设计使微信不仅仅是一个与朋友和家人交流的应用程序)”及后文“You can also order a taxi through it.(你也可以通过它叫出租车)”可知，微信不仅仅是一个与朋友和家人交流的应用程序，后文提到微信的另一个用途，故空处应介绍微信的其他用途。B项“Many may bring up the fact that you can pay for goods and services.(许多人可能会提到这样一个事实：你可以为商品和服务付费)”符合语境。故选B项。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节, 满分45分)
第一节 完形填空(共20小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分30分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The INF Clairefontaine is one of the world’s top football academies and also houses the French national football team.
The national team is in its third day of ____41____ since it gathered at the place to ____42____ a match against Denmark. Villagers nearby have been invited to watch their ____43____ on one side of the pitch (球场)．A media group watches from the ____44____ side. Most players are just ____45____ from their club teams, but they fall quickly and ____46____ into a communicative dance with the ball. Didier Deschamps, their coach, looks on from the pitch, ____47____ the discipline and efficiency he prizes.
On a nearby pitch, the academy youngsters (青训营)____48____ their training session, too. The boys erupt with screams whenever they ____49____ a goal.
After dusk settles in and training _____50_____, Kylian Mbappé, the French football superstar, stays late with a goalkeeper and a few defenders, _____51_____ extra shots. When he arrived on these same grounds roughly a decade earlier, he was full of _____52_____ like the current group of youngsters. But_____53_____ them, he doesn’t_____54_____ when his shots find their way past the keeper. He simply _____55_____ the practice, over and over. His only _____56_____ comes when a ball _____57_____ its mark. Then Mbappé erupts in shouts of regret.
“The youngest players look at the French team, and they tend to _____58_____ what they see, ”Deschamps says. “So each player has a_____59_____ in everything he does, on the pitch or off . . . to have a _____60_____ influence and to give a good image to the young players.
41. A. competition B. residence C. treatment D. vacation
42. A. open up B. give up C. prepare for D. search for
43. A. practice B. discussion C. adventure D. experiment
44. A. common B. correct C. possible D. opposite
45. A. choosing B. returning C. suffering D. learning
46. A. mainly B. equally C. safely D. easily
47. A. understanding B. overseeing C. introducing D. discovering
48. A. hold B. review C. plan D. skip
49. A. share B. establish C. score D. report
50. A. ends B. begins C. fails D. works
51. A. appreciating B. exchanging C. firing D. shaping
52. A. patience B. promise C. laughter D. wisdom
53. A. unlike B. except C. through D. among
54. A. benefit B. struggle C. escape D. celebrate
55. A. remembers B. removes C. repeats D. replaces
56. A. connection B. purpose C. donation D. reaction
57. A. misses B. receives C. reaches D. bears
58. A. assess B. describe C. deny D. copy
59. A. question B. duty C. position D. budget
60. A. cultural B. global C. positive D. decisive
【答案】41. B 42. C 43. A 44. D 45. B 46. D 47. B 48. A 49. C 50. A 51. C 52. B 53. A 54. D 55. C 56. D 57. A 58. D 59. B 60. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了法国国家足球队以及青训营同时在克莱方丹集结进行训练，著名前锋凯莉安·姆巴佩加班训练，为青年球员树立了榜样。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：自从他们聚集在这里准备与丹麦队进行比赛，国家队已经进入了入驻以后第三天的比赛。A. competition竞争；B. residence入驻；C. treatment治疗；对待；D. vacation假期。根据下文“since it gathered at the place(自从他们聚集在这里)”可知，国家队在这里聚集、入驻，准备比赛，故选B项。
【42题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：同上。A. open up拆开；B. give up放弃；C. prepare for准备；D. search for查找。根据下文“a match against Denmark(与丹麦队进行比赛)”可推理出，国家队聚集是为了准备与丹麦队进行比赛，故选C项。
【43题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：附近的村民被邀请在球场一侧观看他们的训练。A. practice练习；训练；B. discussion讨论；C. adventure冒险；D. experiment实验。根据上文“Villagers nearby have been invited to watch(附近的村民被邀请观看)”可知，国家队在集训，附近的村民被邀请来观看国家队的训练，故选A项。
【44题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个媒体小组在对面观看。A. common常见的；B. correct正确的；C. possible可能的；D. opposite对面的。根据上文“Villagers nearby have been invited to watch their practice on one side of the pitch(附近的村民被邀请在球场一侧观看他们的训练)”可推理出，村民在球场的一侧看球，媒体小组在对面观看，故选D项。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：大多数球员刚从俱乐部球队回来，但他们很快很轻松地进入了与球共舞的交流中。A. choosing选择；B. returning返回；C. suffering遭受；D. learning学习。根据下文“from their club teams(从俱乐部球队)”可推理出，这些球员是从俱乐部球队返回国家队，故选B项。
【46题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. mainly主要地；B. equally同样地；C. safely安全地；D. easily轻松地。根据下文“into a communicative dance with the ball(进入了与球共舞的交流中)”可知句子表达的是球员技艺娴熟，很轻松地在训练，故选D项。
【47题详解】
考查非谓语动词词义辨析。句意：他们的教练迪迪埃·德尚在球场上看着，监督着他所珍视的纪律和效率。A. understanding理解；B. overseeing监督；C. introducing介绍；D. discovering发现。根据下文“the discipline and efficiency he prizes.( 他所珍视的纪律和效率)”可知教练在监督纪律和训练效率，故选B项。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在附近的球场上，学院的青训营也在进行训练。A. hold举行；B. review复习；C. plan计划；D. skip跳。根据下文“their training session(培训课程)”可知空白处应填表示“举行”含义的动词，故选A项。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每当男孩们进球时，他们就会爆发出尖叫声。A. share分享；B. establish建立；C. score进球得分；D. report报告。根据上文“The boys erupt with screams(孩子们爆发出尖叫声)”以及下文“a goal(得分)”可推理出，空白处应填表示“进球得分”含义的动词，故选C项。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：黄昏降临，训练结束后，法国足球巨星凯莉安·姆巴佩与一名门将和几名后卫一起熬夜，进行额外的射门。A. ends结束；B. begins开始；C. fails失败；D. works工作。根据上文“After dusk settles in(黄昏降临)”以及下文“stays late(熬夜)”可推理出空白处应填表示训练“结束”含义的动词，故选A项。
【51题详解】
考查非谓语动词辨析。句意：同上。A. appreciating鉴赏；B. exchanging交换；C. firing射；D. shaping使……成型。根据下文“extra shots(额外的射门)”可知空白处应填表示“射门”含义的动词，故选C项。
【52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：大约十年前，当他来到这个地方时，他和现在的年轻人一样充满了希望。A. patience耐心；B. promise希望；C. laughter笑声；D. wisdom智慧。根据下文“like the current group of youngsters(像现在的年轻人一样)”可知，当年的凯莉安·姆巴佩来到这个球场的时候，和现在的年轻人一样充满着希望，故选B项。
【53题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：与他们不同是，当他的射门越过守门员时，他不会庆祝。A. unlike与……不同；B. except除……之外；C. through通过；D. among在……中。根据下文“he doesn’t celebrate when his shots find their way past the keeper(当他的射门越过守门员时，他不会庆祝)”可知凯莉安·姆巴佩与这些年轻人不同，空白处应填表示“与……不同”含义的介词，故选A项。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. benefit有助于；B. struggle搏斗；C. escape逃跑；D. celebrate庆祝。根据下文“when his shots find their way past the keeper(当他的射门越过守门员时)”可知，凯莉安·姆巴佩射门成功，这是值得庆祝的事，但是凯莉安·姆巴佩与年轻人不同，他并不庆祝，故选D项。
【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他只是一遍又一遍地重复练习。A. remembers记得；B. removes去掉；C. repeats重复；D. replaces替换。根据下文“over and over(一遍又一遍地)”可知凯莉安·姆巴佩在进行重复训练，故选C项。
【56题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他唯一的反应是当球没有击中目标时。A. connection连接；B. purpose目的；C. donation捐赠；D. reaction反应。根据下文“Then Mbappé erupts in shouts of regret.(随后，姆巴佩爆发出后悔的呐喊)”可知这是姆巴佩对没有进球做出的反应，故选D项。
【57题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. misses错过；B. receives收到；C. reaches到达；D. bears承受。根据下文“Then Mbappé erupts in shouts of regret.(随后，姆巴佩爆发出后悔的呐喊)”可知姆巴佩射门不成功，空白处应填表示“错过”含义的动词，故选A项。
【58题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：德尚说：“最年轻的球员看着法国队，他们往往会模仿他们所看到的。A. assess评估；B. describe描述；C. deny否认；D. copy模仿。根据下文“give a good image to the young players(给年轻球员留下好的形象)”可知，年轻球员会模仿他们所看到的，故选D项。
【59题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，每个球员对球场内外所做的一切都有责任，对年轻球员产生积极影响并树立良好形象。A. question问题；B. duty责任；C. position位置；D. budget预算。根据下文“in everything he does(对他所做的一切)”可知，空白处应填表示“责任”含义的名词，故选B项。
【60题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. cultural文化的；B. global全球的；C. positive积极的；D. decisive决定性的。根据下文“to give a good image to the young players(给年轻球员留下好的形象)”可推理出空白处应填表示“积极的”含义的形容词，故选C项。
第II卷(非选择题, 满分50分)
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Water on the Moon
NASA has confirmed the presence of water on the moon’s sunlit surface, a breakthrough ____61____(suggest) the chemical compound that is vital to life on Earth could be distributed across more parts of the lunar surface than the ice that ____62____(find) previously in dark and cold areas.
“We don’t know yet if we can use it as a resource, ” NASA Administrator Jim Bridenstine said, but he added that learning more about the water is still crucial.
The discovery comes from the space agency’s Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy, or SOFIA- a ____63____ (modify) Boeing 747 that can take telescope high1 into Earth’s atmosphere, ____64____researchers may peer at objects in space with hardly any visual disturbance from water vapor. To detect the molecules, SOFIA also used a special camera to distinguish between water’s specific wavelength of 6. 1 microns and that of its close chemical relative hydroxyl, or OH.
The data confirm ____65____experts have suspected, that water might exist on the moon’s sunny surface, though the form of it shall not be ____66____ (obvious)detected. Experts will now try to figure out exactly how the water came to form and why it persists.
“Data from this location reveal water in concentration of 100 to 412 parts per million trapped ____67____ a cubic meter of soil ” NASA said in a release about the discovery. “ ____68____ without a thick atmosphere, water on the sunlit lunar surface should just be lost to space, ” said Casey Honniball, the lead author of a study about the discovery, “somehow we’re actually seeing it. ”
There are several possible ____69____ (explain) for the water’s presence, including an interesting yet reasonable one ____70____(claim) its origin to the stony micro objects from space. Small balls of glass from that process could trap water, according to the researchers’ paper.
【答案】61. suggesting
62. was found##has been found
63. modified
64. where 65. what
66. obviously
67. in 68. Although##Though##While
69. explanations
70. claiming
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。讲述了美国国家航空航天局证实，月球阳光充足的表面存在水。
【61题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：美国国家航空航天局证实，月球阳光充足的表面存在水，这一突破表明，这种对地球生命至关重要的化合物可能分布在月球表面更多的地方，而不是之前在黑暗和寒冷地区发现的冰。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词has confirmed，所以suggest应该用非谓语形式，它的逻辑主语是breakthrough，两者间是主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填suggesting。
【62题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：美国国家航空航天局证实，月球阳光充足的表面存在水，这一突破表明，这种对地球生命至关重要的化合物可能分布在月球表面更多的地方，而不是之前在黑暗和寒冷地区发现的冰。分析句子结构可知，句中没有谓语动词，所以find作本句谓语，主语是that，代指先行词ice，和find间是被动关系，时态可用一般过去时或者现在完成时。故填was found或者has been found。
【63题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这一发现来自美国宇航局的平流层红外天文观测站，简称SOFIA，这是一架经过改装的波音747飞机，可以将望远镜带到地球大气层的高空，在那里，研究人员可以在几乎没有水蒸气视觉干扰的情况下观察太空中的物体。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词comes，所以modify用非谓语形式，Boeing 747应该是“被修改”, 所以作前置定语的非谓语用动词－ed形式。故填modified。
64题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这一发现来自美国宇航局的平流层红外天文观测站，简称SOFIA，这是一架经过改装的波音747飞机，可以将望远镜带到地球大气层的高空，在那里，研究人员可以在几乎没有水蒸气视觉干扰的情况下观察太空中的物体。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Earth’s atmosphere，在从句中作地点状语，用where引导。故填where。
【65题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：这些数据证实了专家们的猜测，即在月球阳光充足的表面上可能存在水，尽管水的形式还不能被明显探测到。分析句子结构可知, confirm后面缺宾语, 而suspected也缺宾语, 所以这里应该是宾语从句, 用what引导。故填what。
【66题详解】
考查副词。句意：这些数据证实了专家们的猜测，即在月球阳光充足的表面上可能存在水，尽管水的形式还不能被明显探测到。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空后的动词，应该用副词修饰。故填obviously。
【67题详解】
考查介词。句意：美国宇航局在一份关于这一发现的新闻稿中说：“来自这个地方的数据显示，每立方米土壤中含有百万分之100至412的水。”分析句子结构可知，此处考查固定搭配：trap in意为“使困于”。故填in。
【68题详解】
考查状语从句。句意：“虽然没有厚厚的大气层，在阳光照射下的月球表面上的水应该会流失到太空中，”一项关于这一发现的研究的主要作者凯西·霍尼博尔(Casey Honniball)说，“但不知怎么的，我们实际上看到了它。”分析句子结构，这里表示“尽管”, 故用引导让步状语从句的词。故填Although或者Though或者While。
【69题详解】
考查名词。句意：关于水的存在有几种可能的解释，其中一个有趣但合理的解释是，它起源于太空中的石质微物体。分析句子结构可知，空前是形容词，所以空处应填名词作表语，explanation意为“解释”，为可数名词，根据several可知，需用复数形式。故填explanations。
【70题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：关于水的存在有几种可能的解释，其中一个有趣但合理的解释是，它起源于太空中的石质微物体。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词are，所以claim用非谓语形式，逻辑主语是one，两者是主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填claiming。
第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分, 满分10分)
71. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
There are many respectable people around me. Among them, the person I respected most is my father. He is ordinary middle school teacher who devotes himself to teach. It is the love for his career which makes him achieve a lot in his work. He has won his students respect. My father is very busy every day, and he still spares some time to accompany me, sharing many amused things with me about his work. Whenever I come across with problems in my life, he will encourage me to overcome it bravely. I love him deeply. What lucky I am to have such a good father!
【答案】1. respected→respect
2. 在ordinary前加an
3. teach→teaching
4. which→that
5. students→students’
6. and→but/yet
7. amused→amusing
8. 删除with
9. it→them
10. What→How
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，作者在文章介绍了最尊敬的人——父亲。
【详解】1. 考查时态。句意：其中，我最尊敬的人是我的父亲。“I respected most”是省略了关系代词的定语从句，根据主句谓语动词“is”以及上文“There are many respectable people around me.”可知此从句应该用一般现在时，从句主语为I，谓语动词为respect。故将respected改为 respect。
2. 考查冠词。句意：他是一名全身心地投入教学的普通中学教师。teacher为可数名词，此句中表示“一位普通中学教师”，表泛指，且ordinary的发音以元音音素开头，在ordinary 前加不定冠词an。故在ordinary前加an。
3. 考查动名词。句意：他是一名全身心地投入教学的普通中学教师。devote oneself to 中的to是介词，后跟动名词作宾语。故将teach改为teaching。
4. 考查强调句型。句意：正是对事业的热爱使他在工作上取得了很大的成就。句子结构分析可知，此句为强调句型，对主语the love for his career 进行强调，应将which改为that。故将which改为that。
5. 考查名词所有格。句意：他赢得了学生们的尊敬。此处指“学生们的”尊重，应该用名词students的所有格形式students’。故将students改为students’。
6. 考查连词。句意：我的父亲每天都很忙，但他仍然抽出一些时间陪我，和我分享许多关于他工作的趣事。句意分析可知“My father is very busy every day”与“he still spares some time to accompany me”之间为转折关系，需要用表转折的连词连接，把and改为but或者yet。故将and改为but/yet。
7. 考查形容词。句意：我的父亲每天都很忙，但他仍然抽出一些时间陪我，和我分享许多关于他工作的趣事。句中指父亲和我分享“好笑的，有趣的事情”，此处指令人感觉好笑的事情，应用形容词amusing修饰名词things。故将amused改为amusing。
8. 考查动词短语。句意：每当我在生活中遇到问题时，他都会鼓励我勇敢地克服它们.动词短语come across意为“遇见，碰见，发现”，直接跟宾语，with多余。故删除across后的with。
9. 考查代词。句意：每当我在生活中遇到问题时，他都会鼓励我勇敢地克服它们。句中overcome(克服) 的宾语是从句中提到的problems，为复数，应用代词them指代problems。故将it改为them。
10. 考查感叹句。句意：我有这样一个好爸爸是多么幸运啊！此感叹句的中心词lucky为形容词，在句中作表语，因此，此感叹句应该用how引导。故将What改为How。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
72. 为庆祝创刊5周年, 你校英语报以＂The Power of Reading”为题举办征文活动, 请你以此为题写一篇征文稿, 内容包括：
1. 阅读的意义;
2. 介绍一本你喜欢的书;
3. 你喜欢这本书的理由。
注意：1. 词数100左右;
2. 可适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
The Power of Reading
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】The Power of Reading
Reading is an essential part of our lives. It allows us to explore new worlds, gain knowledge, and develop our imagination. Reading is not only a source of entertainment but also a means to expand our minds and broaden our horizons.
Personally, my affections lay with the great novel “To Kill a Mockingbird” by Harper Lee. The novel, depicting life in the 1930s American South, illuminates the tale of a young girl coming to terms with the social disagreement of her world and her father’s adversity against the cruelty of racism and injustice. Moreover, it underscores the value of advocating for our beliefs, even when confronting social norms. Also, it stresses the importance of empathy and comprehension, while penetrating deep into stubbornness and discrimination.
The reason I cherish this book is because of its timeless magnificence that remains as relevant today as it was during its conception. Moreover, the book tackles significant themes of racial inequality, social injustice, and the perseverance of moral courage. I passionately urge everyone to allocate some time to reading this novel!
【解析】
【导语】本篇应用文属于征文稿，要求考生以“The Power of Reading”为题为学校英语报写一篇征文稿，介绍阅读的意义和自己喜欢的一本书。
【详解】1.词汇积累：
使能够：allow→enable
抽出时间： allocate some time →spare some time
就我而言：Personally→from my perspective
处理：tackle→deal with
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Also, it stresses the importance of empathy and comprehension, while penetrating deep into stubbornness and discrimination.
拓展句：Also, it stresses the importance of empathy and comprehension, while it penetrates deep into stubbornness and discrimination.
【点睛】【高分句型1】The novel, depicting life in the 1930s American South, illuminates the tale of a young girl coming to terms with the social disagreement of her world and her father’s adversity against the cruelty of racism and injustice.(运用了 depicting, coming现在分词做定语)
【高分句型2】The reason I cherish this book is because of its timeless magnificence that remains as relevant today as it was during its conception..(运用了the reason (why)+定语从句+ is +表语的句型。)
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