2023年高考第三次模拟考试卷-英语（天津B卷）（全解全析）

这是一份2023年高考第三次模拟考试卷-英语（天津B卷）（全解全析），共25页。
2023年高考英语第三次模拟考试卷
英语·全解全析
第I卷
第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1．—We are going to lose the game.
—________.We still have a very good chance to defeat them in the second half.
A．Not necessarily B．It’s really nothing
C．I couldn’t agree more D．You said it
【答案】A
【详解】考查交际用语。句意：——我们将输掉比赛。——不一定。我们还有很好的机会在下半场击败他们。A.Not necessarily不一定； B.It’s really nothing 这真的没什么；C.I couldn’t agree more 我很赞同；D.You said it你说的一点也不错。根据We still have a very good chance to defeat them in the second half.可知，不一定会输。故选A项。
2．You and I ________ never be a Mozart, or a Newton, but there are lots of things we ________ do to bring beauty or joy to the world.
A．may; can B．can; may C．must; can D．might; could
【答案】A
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：你和我可能永远不会成为莫扎特或牛顿，但我们可以做很多事情来给世界带来美丽和欢乐。分析句意可知，第一空表示对现在或将来情况的一种推测，表示“可能”应为may可以用于否定句中；第二空是表示“能力”应用can意为“能做……，会做……”符合语境。故选A项。
3．Although the theory has been dismissed by scholars, it shows ________ powerful the secrets of Ancient Maya civilization are among people.
A．that B．how C．what D．whether
【答案】B
【详解】考查连接词词义辨析。句意：虽然这个理论已经被学者们否定，但它显示了古代玛雅文明的奥秘在人们心中是多么地有影响力。A. that引导宾语从句时无意义，起连接作用；B. how多么，如何；C. what什么；D. whether是否。分析句子可知，空后“powerful”是形容词，此处应用how引导宾语从句，表示“多么地有影响力”。故选B。
4．Currently, almost 50 percent of  jobs, including journalism, ________ with technology that can operate automatically.
A．has been replacing B．is being replaced
C．have been replacing D．are being replaced
【答案】D
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：目前，包括新闻工作在内的近50%的工作正在被可以自动操作的技术所取代。主语与谓语构成被动关系，表示动作正在发生应用现在进行时的被动语态，主语为 almost 50 percent of jobs，谓语用复数。故选D。
5．While it is crucial to learn and grow from the disappointments, it is________ important to recognize accomplishments.
A．slightly B．equally C．increasingly D．widely
【答案】B
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：虽然从失望中学习和成长至关重要，但认可成就也同样重要。A. slightly轻微地；B. equally同样地；C. increasingly越来越多地；D. widely普遍地。根据上文“it is crucial to learn and grow from the disappointments(从失望中学习和成长)”以及下文“to recognize accomplishments(认可成就)”可知，句子表达的是“这两者同等重要”，应选择表示“同样地”含义的副词，故选B项。
6．When Della returned from skiing, her parents complained that she________her legs when she fell over.
A．should have broken B．must have broken C．could have broken D．would have broken
【答案】C
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：黛拉滑雪回来时，她的父母抱怨她摔倒时可能会摔断腿。根据上文“her parents complained(她的父母抱怨)”可知，黛拉滑雪摔倒时可能会摔断腿只是一个对过去可能会发生的事情的推测，而且仅仅为理论上的可能性，应使用情态动词can或could，再根据情态动词的用法，表示对过去事实的推测要使用“情态动词 + have + 过去分词”结构，故选C项。
7．Students will encounter many challenges in the universities for the first year,________ getting used to a new environment quickly comes to be the most important one.
A．of which B．for which C．to which D．by which
【答案】A
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在大学的第一年，学生们将面临许多挑战，其中最重要的挑战之一是迅速适应新环境。先行词为many challenges，定语从句为getting used to a new environment quickly comes to be the most important one of，先行词表示物作宾语，用which，of提前。故选A项。
8．______ my high school life, I’d like to give the most important advice—to read the wonderful works from the writer Maya Angelou.
A．Attaching significance to B．Looking back on
C．Taking advantage of D．Losing track of
【答案】B
【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：回顾我的高中生活，我想给最重要的建议——阅读作家玛雅·安杰洛的精彩作品。A. Attaching significance to认为……很重要；B. Looking back on回顾；C. Taking advantage of利用；D. Losing track of失去联系。根据句意可知，此处表示“回顾”应为look back on符合语意，分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，与句子主语均为主动关系，所以用现在分词形式。故选B项。
9．Many people believe cloning is________nature but I think it is a way of helping nature.
A．beneath B．far from C．ahead of D．against
【答案】D
【详解】考查介词（短语）辨析。句意：许多人认为克隆是违反自然的，但我认为这是一种帮助自然的方式。A. beneath在……之下；B. far from远离；C. ahead of领先；D. against反对。表示“违背自然”用against nature。故选D。
10．She was one of the few gentlewomen I have ever known, and has remained throughout my life the ________ of what a human being can be.
A．necessity B．combination C．measure D．mixture
【答案】C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她是我认识的为数不多的绅士女性之一，在我的一生中，她一直是衡量一个人的标准。A. necessity必要；B. combination结合；C. measure标准，尺度；D. mixture混合物。分析句意可知，本句所提女士对说话人而言很重要，应该是其衡量人的标准。故选C项。
11．Britain’s Prime Minister and the health secretary, the man ________ Britain’s fight against the coronavirus both tested positive for the disease.
A．in honour of B．in the name of
C．in charge of D．in terms of
【答案】C
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：英国首相和卫生大臣，这个负责英国抗击冠状病毒的人，都被检测出对该病毒呈阳性。A. in honour of为纪念；B. in the name of以……的名义；C. in charge of负责，主管；D. in terms of就……而言。根据上文“Britain’s Prime Minister and the health secretary”可知这个人负责英国抗击冠状病毒，故选C。
12．________ the reasons behind wild animals entering our cities, one thing is for sure-as it’s often a means of their survival, they could be with us to stay.
A．However B．Whenever C．Whatever D．Whichever
【答案】C
【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：无论这些物种进入我们城市的原因是什么，有一点是肯定的——因为这通常是它们的一种生存手段，它们可以和我们一起待着。A. However无论怎样；B. Whenever无论何时；C. Whatever无论什么；D. Whichever无论哪一个。whatever引导的让步状语从句中系动词be可以省略，相当于Whatever the reasons behind wild animals entering our cities is，故空格处作表语，结合句意“无论什么”是whatever。故选C项。
13．The witness statements _________ each other, so it is difficult for the police to find out the truth of the crime.
A．acknowledge B．criticize C．identify D．contradict
【答案】D
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：证人的陈述相互矛盾，因此警察很难查明犯罪的真相。 A. acknowledge承认；B. criticize批评；C. identify确认；D. contradict相矛盾。根据“so it is difficult for the police to find out the truth of the crime”可知，此处指“证人的陈述相互矛盾”，故选D。
14．My father called me yesterday, asking me _________I was getting along with the exam.
A．as B．how C．whether D．why
【答案】B
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我爸爸昨天打电话给我，问我考试考得怎么样了。A. as正如；B.  how如何；C. whether是否；D. why为什么。此处引导宾语从句，从句缺少方式状语，故用how引导。故选B。
15．—Douglas is having to miss the school concert because he’s ill.
—Oh,  ________! He has been expecting it so much.
A．far from it B．that’s a shame C．never mind D．I didn’t get it.
【答案】B
【详解】考查交际用语。句意：——道格拉斯因为生病不得不错过学校的音乐会。——真遗憾，他期待已久。A.far from it远非； B. that’s a shame 真遗憾；C.never mind 没关系；D.I didn’t get it我不明白。根据“He has been expecting it so much”可知，真遗憾，他期待已久。故选B项。
第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16〜35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
Beep! Beep! Beep! I rolled over and turned off my alarm clock. It was still ____16____ outside so I turned on the light. I got dressed quickly because I knew both of my dogs would be ____17____ to get outside for their morning walk. I reached over to grab a ____18____ and stopped. It was technically still fall but the ____19____ here in the Appalachian mountains of my home didn’t follow the ____20____. It had been cold and snowy two days ago and chilly and rainy yesterday. I had forgotten to ____21____ the weather report for today, however, so I wasn’t sure if I ___22___ my light jacket or my heavy coat.
I ____23____ my light jacket, pulled it on and leashed up my bigger dog. I opened the door and stepped outside. Instantly I knew I had made the ____24____ choice. Each breath I exhaled was a frozen mist. The wind chill was bitter cold. The grass was covered in _____25_____ and I tried to keep my _____26_____ while my dog dragged me along behind him.
I shivered (打寒颤) and _____27_____ a bit but finally turned my head up to the heavens. I looked up at the _____28_____sky and saw it was full of twinkling stars. It was so beautiful and so peaceful. _____29_____, I felt a warmth inside of me and _____30_____ shivering. While my dog sniffed the ground, I opened my heart to the _____31_____ of nature’s creation. In all of its sweet seasons it had never _____32_____ to touch my soul. It had heated my heart on the coldest days and   ____33____ my spirit on the darkest nights.
Our lives here are full of sweet _____34_____ as well. From the innocence and youth of Spring to the wisdom and wrinkles of Winter. _____35_____ all your sweet seasons. Make each day a creation of your love.
16．A．rainy B．dark C．cold D．snowy
17．A．curious B．afraid C．eager D．able
18．A．coat B．bite C．leash D．flashlight
19．A．temperature B．condition C．environment D．weather
20．A．method B．path C．plan D．calendar
21．A．check B．forecast C．test D．provide
22．A．removed B．needed C．packed D．washed
23．A．tried on B．decided on C．relied on D．focused on
24．A．difficult B．ideal C．wrong D．safe
25．A．water B．mud C．dust D．frost
26．A．patience B．balance C．distance D．promise
27．A．complained B．smiled C．suffered D．doubted
28．A．pre-dusk B．mid-night C．pre-dawn D．post-dawn
29．A．Actually B．Suddenly C．Effortlessly D．Generally
30．A．avoided B．regretted C．stopped D．continued
31．A．wonder B．reality C．signal D．challenge
32．A．offered B．refused C．intended D．failed
33．A．found B．admired C．reflected D．lighted
34．A．discoveries B．dreams C．seasons D．memories
35．A．Enjoy B．Examine C．Admit D．Remember
【答案】
16．B    17．C    18．A    19．D    20．D    21．A    22．B    23．B    24．C    25．D    26．B    27．A    28．C    29．B    30．C    31．A    32．D    33．D    34．C    35．A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了我在一个寒冷的清晨带着狗去散步，当面对大自然的美景时我学会了感恩和欣赏。
16．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：外面还一片漆黑，所以我打开电灯。A. rainy多雨的；B. dark黑暗的；C. cold寒冷的；D. snowy多雪的。根据后文“so I turned on the light”可知，开灯的原因是外面天还黑着。故选B项。
17．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我快速穿好衣服，我知道我的两条狗都急不可耐地想要出门去晨练了。A. curious好奇的；B. afraid害怕的；C. eager渴望的；D. able能够。根据前文“I got dressed quickly”可知，天还黑着我就着急穿衣服，推断出我是因为两条狗着急出门晨练，所以才穿衣服很迅速。故选C项。
18．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我伸手去拿外套，然后愣了一下。A. coat外套；B. bite咬；C. leash牵狗绳；D. flashlight手电。根据后文“so I wasn’t sure if I ___7___ my light jacket or my heavy coat.”可知，我不知道要穿轻便夹克还是厚外套，推断出我出门的时候是要伸手去拿外套的。故选A项。
19．考查名词词义辨析。句意：按道理来说现在还是晚秋，可是我的家在阿拉巴契亚山脚下，气候与时令迥异。A. temperature气温；B. condition状况；C. environment环境；D. weather气候。根据后文“It had been cold and snowy two days ago and chilly and rainy yesterday.”可知，在两天前下了雪而昨天却下了雨，说明气候变化无常。故选D项。
20．考查名词词义辨析。句意：按道理来说现在还是晚秋，可是我的家在阿拉巴契亚山脚下，气候与时令迥异。A. method方法；B. path道路；C. plan计划；D. calendar日历。根据前文“It was technically still fall”及后文“It had been cold and snowy two days ago and chilly and rainy yesterday.”可知，虽然现在是秋天，但是天气不稳定，两天前在下雪昨天在下雨，说明在阿拉巴契亚山脚下气候与日历上该有的时间点不符。故选D项。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：昨天我忘了查今天的天气情况了，我考虑了一下，是应该选择轻便的夹克衫还是厚外套。A. check检查；B. forecast预报；C. test测试；D. provide提供。根据后文“however, so I wasn’t sure if I ___7___ my light jacket or my heavy coat.”可知，我不确定穿轻便夹克还是厚外套的原因是我对于天气的情况不了解，推断出我忘记查看天气预报了。故选A项。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：昨天我忘了查今天的天气情况了，我考虑了一下，是应该选择轻便的夹克衫还是厚外套。A. removed移开；B. needed需要；C. packed打包；D. washed清洗。根据前文“It had been cold and snowy two days ago and chilly and rainy yesterday.”可知，不管是下雨还是下雪，天气并不稳定，推断出作者出门需要穿外套。故选B项。
23．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我决定穿夹克衫，拉好拉链，给我的大狗拴上了绳子。A. tried on试穿；B. decided on决定；C. relied on依靠；D. focused on关注。根据前文“so I wasn’t sure if I ___7___ my light jacket or my heavy coat”可知，我还在犹豫不知道选轻薄夹克还是厚外套，推断出因为要出门我最终做了决定就是穿轻便夹克。故选B项。
24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很快我就明白自己做出了错误的选择。A. difficult困难的；B. ideal理想的；C. wrong错的；D. safe安全的。根据后文“Each breath I exhaled was a frozen mist. The wind chill was bitter cold.”可知，我出门发现我呼出的是薄雾，并且风寒刺，推断出轻便夹克不足以御寒，换句话说，我选择轻便夹克是个错误的选择。故选C项。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：草地上结着一层冰霜，我不得不努力保持平衡，然而我的狗在拖着我向前走。A. water水；B. mud泥土；C. dust灰尘；D. frost霜。根据前文“Each breath I exhaled was a frozen mist. The wind chill was bitter cold.”可知，天气寒冷，推断出草地上结了一层霜。故选D项。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：草地上结着一层冰霜，我不得不努力保持平衡，然而我的狗拖着我向前走。A. patience耐心；B. balance平衡；C. distance距离；D. promise承诺。根据后文“while my dog dragged me along behind him”可知，我的狗拖着我往前走说明我想要保持平衡很难。故选B项。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我打了个哆嗦，忍不住抱怨了几句，但最后我仰起头看向天空。A. complained抱怨；B. smiled微笑；C. suffered遭受；D. doubted怀疑。根据前文“I shivered (打寒颤)”可知，天气太冷了，推断出我对于在这样寒冷的黎明遛狗是有抱怨的。故选A项。
28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我抬头看着黎明前的天空，看到满天星辰。A. pre-dusk黄昏前；B. mid-night午夜；C. pre-dawn黎明前；D. post-dawn黎明后。根据后文“and saw it was full of twinkling stars”可知，我出来的时候能看见天上的星星，说明天还没亮，推断出此时是黎明前。故选C项。
29．考查副词词义辨析。句意：突然，我感到身体里面升起一股暖意，并且身体不再瑟瑟发抖。A. Actually实际上；B. Suddenly突然；C. Effortlessly轻松地；D. Generally逐渐地。根据前文“I shivered (打寒颤)”及后文“I felt a warmth inside of me”可知，我之前是感到寒冷的，后来我发现身体内升起了一股暖流，推断出我这种改变是瞬间发生的，也就是突然发生的。故选B项。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，我感到身体里面升起一股暖意，并且身体不再瑟瑟发抖。A. avoided避免；B. regretted后悔；C. stopped停止；D. continued继续。根据前文“I felt a warmth inside of me”可知，我身体出现了温暖，推断出我的身体不再发抖。故选C项。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的狗嗅着地面上的气味，我敞开心扉为大自然创造的这般奇迹心存感恩。A. wonder奇迹；B. reality现实；C. signal信号；D. challenge挑战。根据前文“I looked up at the ____13____sky and saw it was full of twinkling stars. It was so beautiful and so peaceful.”可知，我看见了满天闪烁的星星是如此美丽和平静，推断出我认为这是大自然的奇迹。故选A项。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：所有的季节都各有魅力，但是无论哪一季，都会触动我的心灵深处。A. offered提供；B. refused拒绝；C. intended打算；D. failed辜负。根据后文“It had heated my heart on the coldest days and ___18___ my spirit on the darkest nights.”可知，在最严寒的冬天自然的魅力会温暖我的心，在最深的黑夜里它也会鼓舞我的心绪，说明自然的魅力没有辜负触动我的心灵。故选D项。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在最严寒的冬天自然的魅力会温暖我的心，在最深的黑夜里它也会照亮我的心绪。A. found发现；B. admired羡慕；C. reflected反映；D. lighted照亮。根据“It had heated my heart on the coldest days and ___18___ my spirit on the darkest nights.”可知，自然的魅力在最寒冷的冬天会温暖我的心，推断出它在黑暗的夜晚起到的作用就是照亮我的精神。故选D项。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的生活中也充满了甜蜜的季节。A. discoveries发现；B. dreams梦想；C. seasons季节；D. memories回忆。根据上文“In all of its sweet seasons”可知，我认为生活中充满了甜蜜的季节，此处的seasons是原词复现。故选C项。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：去享受你的一生四季吧。A. Enjoy享受；B. Examine检查；C. Admit承认；D. Remember记住。根据后文“Make each day a creation of your love.”可知，让每一天都是你爱的创造，推断出我希望大家去享受生命中的每一天。故选A项。
第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
If you’re new to a school or you are shy or tend to not get out of your comfort zone, making new friends at school might seem like a challenge. Luckily, you can overcome that challenge by looking for people with the same interests as you and by being friendly when you meet new people. Also, participate in after-school clubs and events whenever you get the chance, since that will help you meet people outside of class!
Look for people who have the same hobbies as you.
You’re more likely to be friends with someone if you have something in common with them. Try to find clubs or groups based on your favorite hobbies, then join them to meet like-minded people. Also, pay attention to people who spend their free time doing the same things you love to do.
If you’re a passionate reader, join a book club, go to public readings, or start a conversation with someone who carries novels around with their textbooks.
Spend time around people who show kindness.
Finding someone who will treat you well and support you is more important than popularity. Avoid spending time with people who talk bad about others or put them down. Instead, look for people who invite others to sit with them at lunch, who encourage others when they speak up in class, or who are always willing to help when someone needs a hand.
Introduce yourself to new people whenever possible.
When you’re around someone you don’t know, it is not unusual to just sit there quietly, especially if you’re shy. However, you and the other person will both be more comfortable after a simple introduction. Make eye contact with the person, smile, and try to seem warm and relaxed instead of nervous or anxious. Then, break the ice by talking about whatever is going on around you.
Keep the conversation going with open-ended questions.
When you start talking to someone, try asking them questions about what they like to see what you have in common with them. However, avoid simply asking yes or no questions, since one-word answers don’t necessarily keep a conversation alive. You can ask questions about whatever you’re already talking about, or you can change the subject if you feel that ran its course.
36．Who is the passage intended for?
A．Teachers. B．Students. C．Parents. D．Adults.
37．If you are fond of reading, you can ________.
A．join a club to make friends
B．approach people with lots of hobbies
C．spend your free time meeting different people
D．talk to people with the same interests
38．According to Paragraph 4, who is more likely to be a good friend?
A．One who enjoys the popularity.
B．One who talks bad about others.
C．One who wants to help you.
D．One who always put others down.
39．According to Paragraph 5, what should you do first when you meet someone you don’t know well?
A．Start with a warm handshake.
B．Make eye contact with the person.
C．Start with a brief introduction of yourself.
D．Start by talking about a serious topic.
40．You should avoid asking yes or no questions to ________.
A．keep the conversation going B．end the conversation
C．show kindness D．respect others
【答案】36．B    37．D    38．C    39．C    40．A
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要给新生在新学校结交新朋友提供几点建议，例如通过寻找有相同兴趣的人，或是参加课外俱乐部和活动。
36．推理理解题。根据文章第一段“If you’re new to a school or you are shy or tend to not get out of your comfort zone, making new friends at school might seem like a challenge.(如果你刚到一所学校，或者你很害羞，或者你倾向于不走出自己的舒适区，在学校结交新朋友似乎是一个挑战。)”可知，文章主要面向的读者是刚步入新学校的新生。故选B项。
37．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“If you’re a passionate reader, join a book club, go to public readings, or start a conversation with someone who carries novels around with their textbooks.(如果你热爱读书，那就加入读书俱乐部，参加公共读书会，或者和那些带着小说来学校的同学交流。)”可知，本题题干中“If you are fond of reading”与原文“If you’re a passionate reader”是同义句，表示喜欢读书的人可以去找和自己有相同兴趣的人交谈。故选D项。
38．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Avoid spending time with people who talk bad about others or put them down. Instead, look for people who invite others to sit with them at lunch, who encourage others when they speak up in class, or who are always willing to help when someone needs a hand.(避免和那些说别人坏话或贬低别人的人呆在一起。相反，寻找那些在午餐时邀请别人坐在一起的人，那些在课堂上鼓励别人发言的人，或者那些在别人需要帮助时总是愿意帮助的人。)”可知，一个想要帮助你的人更有可能成为你的好朋友。故选C项。
39．细节理解题。根据文章第五段“However, you and the other person will both be more comfortable after a simple introduction. (然而，经过简单的介绍，你和对方都会感觉更舒服。)”可知，当你遇到不太熟悉的人时，你可以从简单的自我介绍开始。故选C项。
40．细节理解题。根据文章第六段“However, avoid simply asking yes or no questions, since one-word answers don’t necessarily keep a conversation alive.(然而，避免简单地问‘是’或‘否’的问题，因为一个词的回答不一定能让对话保持活力。)”可知，避免问“是”或“否”的问题是为了让交谈继续进行下去。故选A项。
B
When I was a high school student, a close friend went to New Zealand as an exchange student and I was very curious. I wasn’t able to become an exchange student myself, but I began talking to my parents about possibility of becoming a host family to see it. Our school had an active AFS (American Field Service) chapter, so we got information about hosting a student through AFS.
After further exploration, we decided to go for it. We received a student’s brief introduction We looked over the pictures and her family and read the introduction. Her name was Simone and she was three years older than me, one year older than my brother. This was our student!
After informing AFs that we’d accept the student, we had the opportunity to call her on the phone and began writing to her. The accents of the Australian and American English were so different that we had a very hard time communicating. Thankfully, reading and writing each other’s letters was not a problem.
AFS began making the arrangements for Simone to come to America for her year as an exchange student. In August, we picked Simone up at the airport in St. Louis. During the year of Simone’s stay, we had our ups and downs. At first the accents were difficult. The first Sunday she attended church services with us, she didn’t understand anything that was said. Her Australian accent was very thick and she said we spoke too fast for her to follow our words. We, on the other hand, thought she spoke too fast and was difficult to understand. Learning to live with someone new isn’t always easy, but we managed.
Now, 18 years after first welcoming Simone into our family, she is still important to us. We have kept in close contact in the years since she left America. And the experience of being a host family for an exchange student during my high school is unforgettable for me.
41．According to the passage, we learn that the author ________.
A．has a strong desire to know about the exchange student
B．was an exchange student because of her excellence
C．became a member of AFS during high school
D．had known a lot about how to be an exchange student
42．How did the author get to know about Simone? ________.
A．By chatting with her.
B．Through American Field Service.
C．By writing emails to her.
D．Through the post office.
43．Which of the following is TRUE about AFS? ________.
A．It has many branches in Australia only.
B．It is the largest service organization in America.
C．It provides great help for hosting families.
D．It provides high quality services for exchange students at a high price,
44．What’s the possible order of the events related to being a host family for an exchange student? ________.
a. communicating with the exchange student
b. living together with the exchange student
c. reviewing exchange the student’s introductions
d. getting information about being a host family
A．abcd B．cdba C．dcba D．dcab
45．From this story we can see that ________.
A．the author and Simone spoke quite different languages
B．the author didn’t understand Simon at all at first
C．the author formed a fantastic friendship with Simone
D．Simone liked to live in the United States
【答案】41．A    42．B    43．C    44．D    45．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要描述了作者通过AFS申请成为了一个接纳交换生的寄宿家庭。她与交换生西蒙娜结成了深厚的友谊。这也成为了她宝贵的人生回忆。
41．推理判断题。根据第一段“When I was a high school student, a close friend went to New Zealand as an exchange student and I was very curious. I wasn’t able to become an exchange student myself, but I began talking to my parents about possibility of becoming a host family to see it. (在我上高中的时候，我的一个好朋友去新西兰做交换生，我很好奇。我自己没法成为一名交换生，但我开始和父母讨论成为寄宿家庭的可能性)”可知，作者对交换生活动很感兴趣，也想作为寄宿家庭接纳一位交换生，故选A项。
42．推理判断题。根据第一段“Our school had an active AFS (American Field Service) chapter, so we got information about hosting a student through AFS. (我们学校有一个活跃的AFS(美国现场服务)分会，所以我们通过AFS获得了关于接待学生的信息)”和第二段中“After further exploration, we decided to go for it. We received a student’s brief introduction”（经过进一步的探索，我们决定去做。我们收到了一个学生的简短介绍）第四段“AFS began making the arrangements for Simone to come to America for her year as an exchange student. (AFS开始安排西蒙娜作为交换生来美国学习一年。)”可知，作者是通过向AFS递交申请，经该结构介绍，认识了西蒙娜。故选B项。
43．推理判断题。根据第一段“Our school had an active AFS (American Field Service) chapter, so we got information about hosting a student through AFS. (我们学校有一个活跃的AFS(美国现场服务)分会，所以我们通过AFS获得了关于接待学生的信息)和第二段“We received a student’s brief introduction We looked over the pictures and her family and read the introduction.”(我们收到了一个交换生的简介。看了照片和她的家庭，并阅读了介绍)”可知，AFS为有意申请成为寄宿家庭的人提供了很多帮助，包括提供交换生真实的简介材料以及申请须知等等，故选C项。
44．细节排序题。根据第一段“Our school had an active AFS (American Field Service) chapter, so we got information about hosting a student through AFS. (我们学校有一个活跃的AFS分会，所以我们通过AFS获得了关于接待学生的信息)”和第二段“We received a student’s brief introduction We looked over the pictures and her family and read the introduction. (我们看了一个学生的照片，并阅读她的个人及家庭情况介绍)”和第三段“After informing AFs that we’d accept the student, we had the opportunity to call her on the phone and began writing to her. (在通知AFs我们将接受该学生后，我们有机会给她打电话，并开始给她写信)”和第四段“During the year of Simone’s stay, we had our ups and downs. (西蒙妮住在这里的那一年，我们的关系起起伏伏)”可知，申请成为接受交换生的寄宿家庭的整个流程包括：先了解接受学生的信息，再审查交换生的介绍材料，然后通讯交流，最后住在一起，故选D项。
45．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Now, 18 years after first welcoming Simone into our family, she is still important to us. We have kept in close contact in the years since she left America. (现在，在西蒙妮第一次加入我们的家庭18年后，她对我们仍然很重要。她离开美国后，我们一直保持密切联系)”可知，作者与西蒙娜之间结成了深厚真挚的友谊，故选C项。
C

Old trains are very attractive and mysterious, whether it’s because of their history and their function or simply because they look so fierce and huge. Many old derailed trains have been transformed into anything like homes, art galleries and even amusement parks. As part of a recovery program to restore a failed railway, Ecuadorian design firm Al Borde transformed a tired, old train into a mobile cultural center, which they call “Wagon of Knowledge” (Vagon del Saber).
Selected by the Ecuadorian(厄瓜多尔)Ministry of Culture and Heritage, the community oriented project is to reactivate settlements along its route. After more than a decade of absence, these areas not only recover a means of communication but are enhanced economically, as the cultural promoters use the train car as an activator of public space and a meeting point for the locals. The multifunctional nature of the carriage — it is without a strictly defined architectural program and can therefore be designed flexibly — allows for musical performances, theater shows, training programs and celebrations.
The train was renovated(修复)to achieve the greatest number of uses with the minimum number of elements.
A public square and a theater with a capacity of 60-80 people, as well as work spaces for 20 users were incorporated by attaching three extensions to the train: a roof with several deployment( 部 署 )options, retractable furniture and two storage spaces — simple systems operated by the cultural romoters turn the cart into their desired requirements. Set to travel around the route, the cultural unit will begin to accumulate and facilitate new stories.
Intended to move from place to place without a strict set of limitations to define its use, it becomes something flexible that adapts to the needs of the moment, so that it “carries neither goods nor tourists, but culture and public space”. As we can see here, there are a lot of possibilities, thanks to various interchangeable components that can allow the train to shift from conference space to a performance venue in a snap.
It’s a creative way to give new life to a historically important train that was once even derailed, and to ensure that it can keep on serving the public. One more thing, people don’t have to go to this public space; it will travel to come to them.
46．Why did the design firm Al Borde carry out the project?
A．To boost the local tourism.
B．To sharpen rural people’s communication skills.
C．To bring communities along the railroad line to life.
D．To provide recreation for the community residents.
47．What makes the multipurpose train possible?
A．Advanced architectural design techniques.
B．The railway systems that are easy to operate.
C．Flexible construction features of the train car.
D．The financial assistance provided by cultural promoters.
48．How does the old train meet different requirements?
A．By extending the length of the carriage.
B．By adding three components to the train.
C．By freely changing the position of the roof.
D．By expanding the seating capacity of the train.
49．What can we know about “Wagon of Knowledge” from the passage?
A．It used to be the meeting point for the locals.
B．It can perform different working functions.
C．It was used to carry goods and tourists.
D．It will stay in one place to entertain locals
50．What does the author think about the project?
A．It is meaningful.
B．It is large-scale.
C．It is pioneering.
D．It is impressive.
【答案】46．C    47．C    48．B    49．B    50．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了厄瓜多尔设计公司 Al Borde 的一项复苏项目，他们将一列老旧的火车改造成了一个移动文化中心。
46．推理判断题。根据第一段“As part of a recovery program to restore a failed railway, Ecuadorian design firm Al Borde transformed a tired, old train into a mobile cultural center, which they call “Wagon of Knowledge” (Vagon del Saber).”（厄瓜多尔设计公司 Al Borde ，把要修复一条故障铁路作为复苏项目的一部分，将一列老旧的火车改造成了一个移动文化中心，他们称之为“知识之车”(Vagon del Saber)；第二段中“the community oriented project is to reactivate settlements along its route. After more than a decade of absence, these areas not only recover a means of communication but are enhanced economically, as the cultural promoters use the train car as an activator of public space and a meeting point for the locals. ”（面向社区的项目的目的是重新启动沿线的定居点。在消失了十多年之后，这些地区不仅恢复了一种交流手段，而且在经济上得到了加强，因为文化促进者利用火车车厢作为公共空间的激活器和当地人的聚会点）可知，厄瓜多尔设计公司 Al Borde 的这个项目是为了把老旧的火车沿线的历史能够恢复其原来的面貌。故选C。
47．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The multifunctional nature of the carriage --- it is without a strictly defined architectural program and can therefore be designed flexibly --- allows for musical performances, theater shows, training programs and celebrations.”（车厢的多功能性——它没有严格定义的建筑程序，因此可以灵活设计——允许音乐表演、戏剧表演、培训项目和庆祝活动）可知，由于车厢的灵活设计使得其可能实现多功能性。故选C。
48．细节理解题。根据第四段中“A public square and a theater with a capacity of 60-80 people, as well as work spaces for 20 users were incorporated by attaching three extensions to the train: a roof with several deployment( 部 署 )options, retractable furniture and two storage spaces --- simple systems operated by the cultural romoters turn the cart into their desired requirements.”（一个可容纳60-80人的公共广场和一个剧院，以及可容纳20名使用者的工作空间，通过在火车上附加三个扩展部分来整合：一个有多个部署选项的屋顶，可伸缩的家具和两个存储空间——由文化转轮操作的简单系统将车变成他们想要的需求）可知，通过在火车上附加三个扩展部分来整合，可以实现不同的需求。故选B。
49．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The multifunctional nature of the carriage --- it is without a strictly defined architectural program and can therefore be designed flexibly --- allows for musical performances, theater shows, training programs and celebrations.”（车厢的多功能性——它没有严格定义的建筑程序，因此可以灵活设计——允许音乐表演、戏剧表演、培训项目和庆祝活动）可知，车厢的灵活设计使得其可以实现多功能性。故选B。
50．推理判断题。根据最后一段“It’s a creative way to give new life to a historically important train that was once even derailed, and to ensure that it can keep on serving the public. ”（这是一种创造性的方式，给一列曾经出轨的历史性重要列车注入新的活力，并确保它能够继续为公众服务）可知，对于这个列出的恢复计划，作者认为是有意义的。故选A。
D
The rapid pace of global warming and its effects on habitats raise the question of whether species are able to keep up so that they remain in suitable living conditions. Some animals can move fast to adjust to a quickly changing climate. Plants, being less mobile, rely on means such as seed dispersal (传播) by animals, wind or water to move to new areas, but this redistribution typically occurs within one kilometer of the original plant. Writing in Nature, Juan P. González-Varo sheds light on the potential capacity of migratory (迁徙的) birds to aid seed dispersal.
González-Varo and colleagues report how plants might be able to keep pace with rapid climate change through the help of migrating birds. They analyzed an impressive data set of 949 different seed-dispersal interactions between bird and plant communities, together with data on entire fruiting times and migratory patterns of birds across Europe.
The authors hypothesized (假定) that the direction of seed migration depends on how the plants interact with migratory birds, the frequency of these interactions or the number of bird species that might transport seeds from each plant species.
Perhaps the most striking feature of these inferred seed movements is the observation that 35 percent of plant species across European communities, which are closely related on the phylogenetic tree (进化树谱), might benefit from long-distance dispersal by the northward journey of migratory birds. This particular subset (小组) of plants tends to fruit over a long period of time, or has fruits that persist over the winter. This means that the ability of plants to keep up with climate change could be shaped by their evolutionary history – implying that future plant communities in the Northern Hemisphere (半球) will probably come from plant species that are phylogenetically closely related and that have migrated from the south.
This study provides a great example of how migratory birds might assist plant redistribution to new locations that would normally be difficult for them to reach on their own, and which might offer a suitable climate.
51．The rapid pace of global warming and its effect are mentioned in Paragraph 1 ________.
A．to call public attention to seed dispersal
B．to show the threat of climate change to human beings
C．to provide the background of González -Varo’s research
D．to explain why some animals can adapt to climate change
52．How could plants keep pace with the rapid climate change according to González-Varo?
A．With the help of wind and water.
B．With the help of migratory birds.
C．By adjusting themselves to the climate.
D．By relying on animals on land.
53．How did González-Varo and his colleagues conduct the research?
A．By analyzing related data.
B．By conducting field research.
C．By interviewing experts.
D．By reviewing findings of previous studies.
54．What can we infer from Paragraph 4?
A．Most plant species benefit from long-distance dispersal.
B．The evolutionary history of different plants is similar.
C．Plants with longer fruiting times adapt better when transported farther.
D．Plant communities in different hemispheres will become less related phylogenetically.
55．What could be the best title for the text?
A．Impacts of Climate Change on Migratory Birds.
B．Different Ways to Redistribute Plants to New Climates.
C．Plants Struggle to Keep Pace with Climate Change.
D．Migratory Birds Aid the Redistribution of Plants to New Climates.
【答案】51．C    52．B    53．A    54．C    55．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述植物如何通过迁徙鸟类的帮助来跟上快速的气候变化。
51．推理判断题。第一段中“The rapid pace of global warming and its effects on habitats raise the question of whether species are able to keep up so that they remain in suitable living conditions. Some animals can move fast to adjust to a quickly changing climate. Plants, being less mobile, rely on means such as seed dispersal (传播) by animals, wind or water to move to new areas, but this redistribution typically occurs within one kilometer of the original plant.(全球变暖的快速速度及其对栖息地的影响提出了一个问题，即物种是否能够跟上变化，从而保持适宜的生活条件。一些动物可以快速移动以适应快速变化的气候。植物的移动性较差，它们依靠动物、风或水传播种子等手段来转移到新的地区，但这种重新分配通常发生在原植物的一公里范围内)”提到了气候变化迅速，一些动物可以快速移动来适应快速变化的气候，但是植物移动性差，通常只能在一公里的范围移动，下文讲述了González-Varo关于“植物如何通过迁徙鸟类的帮助来跟上快速的气候变化”，所以文章提及快速变化的气候和其影响是为了给González -Varo的研究提供背景信息。故选C。
52．细节理解题。根据第二段中“González-Varo and colleagues report how plants might be able to keep pace with rapid climate change through the help of migrating birds.(González-Varo和同事报告了植物如何通过迁徙鸟类的帮助来跟上快速的气候变化)”可知，González-Varo的研究表明，植物是通过迁徙鸟类的帮助来跟上快速的气候变化，故选B。
53．细节理解题。根据第二段中“They analyzed an impressive data set of 949 different seed-dispersal interactions between bird and plant communities, together with data on entire fruiting times and migratory patterns of birds across Europe.(他们分析了一个令人印象深刻的数据集，包括鸟类和植物群落之间949种不同的种子传播相互作用，以及整个欧洲鸟类的整个结果期和迁徙模式的数据)”可知，González-Varo和他的同事是通过分析相关数据来进行研究的。故选A。
54．推理判断题。根据第四段中“Perhaps the most striking feature of these inferred seed movements is the observation that 35 percent of plant species across European communities, which are closely related on the phylogenetic tree (进化树谱), might benefit from long-distance dispersal by the northward journey of migratory birds. This particular subset (小组) of plants tends to fruit over a long period of time, or has fruits that persist over the winter.(也许这些推测的种子运动最显著的特征是观察到，在欧洲群落中，与进化树谱密切相关的35%的植物物种可能受益于候鸟向北的长途传播。这种特殊的植物子集倾向于在很长一段时间内结果，或者在冬天保持果实)”可知，结果期较长的植物在长途传播时适应得更好。故选C。
55．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第二段中“González-Varo and colleagues report how plants might be able to keep pace with rapid climate change through the help of migrating birds.(González-Varo和同事报告了植物如何通过迁徙鸟类的帮助来跟上快速的气候变化)”可知，文章主要讲述植物如何通过迁徙鸟类的帮助来跟上快速的气候变化。故选D。
第II卷
第三部分：写作
第一节：阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
Growing up poor and having parents who didn’t receive a good education, I often struggled at school. What was worse, my parents often moved to different places. They likely did not realize the damaging effects it had on my learning as they moved from apartment to apartment, year after year. I attended seven different schools from kindergarten through the 8th grade. With a fragmented (片段的) education, I entered high school, not doing well in literacy and math. But it was not until I attended a major public state university that I really understood the academic gaps that I had in comparison to my peers. I had to work particularly hard to not only understand the textbooks and lectures, but also catch myself up in basic skills of writing and comprehension. But I wasn’t the one to forgo. No matter how hard it was, I persisted.
Today, I have many degrees, three of them are Master’s Degrees and I am currently in my second year of studying for my doctorate in Educational Leadership.
I share my story for various reasons, but mainly due to the hope that another young child, possibly growing up poor, can realize that an education is the ticket to the quality of life. It can happen for that child. One can be successful! One can overcome all obstacles.
Some days will be extremely tougher than others and someday those accomplishments will glow (发光), but giving up is not a wise choice. It certainly won’t lead to the light at the end of the tunnel. Therefore, we should take advantage of the challenges and difficulties to make us stronger and reflect on how to beat all the differences. We should foster our thinking that current challenges have been designed to build upon our strength, not tear us down. In this way, we can fulfill our long-term goals.
56．What made the author’s study much worse when he was a child? (no more than 5 words)
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57．What did the author realize after attending a major public state university? (no more than 10 words)
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58．How do you understand the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2? (no more than 10 words)
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59．Why did the author want to share his story? (no more than 15 words)
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60．What do you learn from the author’s story? (no more than 20 words)
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【答案】56．Changing schools constantly./That he changed school constantly./Moving to different places./That his parents often moved.    
57． He wasn’t doing as well as others academically./The academic gaps that he had./He realized he had academic gaps.    
58．I didn’t give up easily./I never gave up easily.    
59．Because he wanted to inspire young children whose experiences are similar to his./Because he hoped others realized education was the ticket to the quality of life.
To inspire young children who experienced the same thing./To make others realize that education was the ticket to the quality of life.   
 60．We shouldn’t let difficulties in our life hold us back; instead we should be determined and bravely overcome them.
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者出身贫寒，没有受过良好的教育，在学校过得很艰难，更糟糕的是父母经常搬家，这导致作者小时候学习变得很糟糕，直到作者进入一所主要的公立州立大学，才真正理解了自己与同龄人之间的学术差距，但是作者不管多么困难，都坚持学习，最终获得了博士学位。作者通过自己的故事想要告诉我们：我们不应该让生活中的困难阻碍我们，相反，我们应该下定决心，勇敢地克服困难。
56．考查细节理解。根据第一段中“Growing up poor and having parents who didn’t receive a good education, I often struggled at school. What was worse, my parents often moved to different places. (我出身贫寒，父母没有受过良好的教育，所以我在学校经常过得很艰难。更糟糕的是，我的父母经常搬到不同的地方。)”可知，父母经常搬家，即作者经常换学校，让作者小时候的学习变得更糟糕，故填Changing schools constantly./That he changed school constantly./Moving to different places./That his parents often moved.
57．考查细节理解。根据第一段中“But it was not until I attended a major public state university that I really understood the academic gaps that I had in comparison to my peers.(但直到我进入一所主要的公立州立大学，我才真正理解了我与同龄人之间的学术差距。)”可知，作者在进入一所重点公立大学后意识到了自己与同龄人之间的学术差距，故填He wasn’t doing as well as others academically./The academic gaps that he had./He realized he had academic gaps.
58．考查词句猜测。根据画线句子下文“No matter how hard it was, I persisted.(不管有多困难，我都坚持下来了。)”可知，不管多么困难，作者都坚持下来了，没有轻易放弃，由此可推知，画线句子的意思是，作者不会轻易放弃，故填I didn’t give up easily./I never gave up easily.
59．考查细节理解。根据第三段中“I share my story for various reasons, but mainly due to the hope that another young child, possibly growing up poor, can realize that an education is the ticket to the quality of life. ( 我分享我的故事有很多原因，但主要是因为我希望另一个可能在贫困中长大的孩子能够意识到教育是提高生活质量的门票。)”可知，作者想分享自己故事的原因是希望在贫困中长大的孩子能意识到教育是提高生活质量的门票，即来激励那些和他经历相似的孩子。故填Because he wanted to inspire young children whose experiences are similar to his./Because he hoped others realized education was the ticket to the quality of life./To inspire young children who experienced the same thing./To make others realize that education was the ticket to the quality of life.
60．开放试题，言之有理即可。通读全文，尤其是最后一段中“Therefore, we should take advantage of the challenges and difficulties to make us stronger and reflect on how to beat all the differences. We should foster our thinking that current challenges have been designed to build upon our strength, not tear us down. In this way, we can fulfill our long-term goals.(因此，我们应该利用挑战和困难，使我们更加强大，并思考如何战胜所有的分歧。我们应该培养我们的思维，即目前的挑战是为了巩固我们的力量，而不是摧毁我们。这样，我们就能实现我们的长期目标。)”可知，作者通过自己的故事，想要告诉我们：我们不应该让生活中的困难阻碍我们，相反，我们应该下定决心，勇敢地克服困难。故填We shouldn’t let difficulties in our life hold us back; instead we should be determined and bravely overcome them.
第二节：书面表达(满分25分)
假如你是晨光中学的李津，你最近收到英国好友Chris的邮件。信中提到他将于4月中旬随学访团到天津交流学习，希望你给他推荐一下最值得去的景点。请你给他回一封邮件，内容包括：
(1) 表示欢迎；
(2) 简单介绍天津；
(3) 推荐一处旅游景点并给出理由。
注意：
(1) 词数不少于100；
(2) 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
(3) 开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Dear Chris,
I’m so glad to receive your email.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I hope this is helpful. Can’t wait to meet you!
Yours,
Li Jin
【答案】Dear Chris,
I’m so glad to receive your email. What makes me really excited is that you are going to visit Tianjin. What a wonderful idea! Welcome to my hometown!
Tianjin is a city with a long history. The weather is good but perhaps a little bit hot in summer. You’ll have various snacks in Tianjin and meanwhile find lots of western style buildings here on the Five Major Avenues. If you want to enjoy beautiful city views, Haihe River should be a good choice. If you like to have fun and see some animals, the Water Park and Tianjin Zoo could make you content. My favorite place is the Ancient Culture Street where there are plenty of interesting traditional things.
I hope this is helpful. Can’t wait to meet you!
Yours,
Li Jin
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假如你是晨光中学的李津，你最近收到英国好友Chris的邮件。信中提到他将于4月中旬随学访团到天津交流学习，希望你给他推荐一下最值得去的景点。
【详解】1.词汇积累
各种各样的：various→a variety of
欣赏：enjoy→admire/appreciate
满意的：content→satisfied
与此同时：meanwhile→at the same time
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Tianjin is a city with a long history.
拓展句：Tianjin is a city which has a long history.
【点睛】【高分句型1】What makes me really excited is that you are going to visit Tianjin.（运用了what引导的主语从句和that引导的表语从句）
【高分句型2】My favorite place is the Ancient Culture Street where there are plenty of interesting traditional things.（运用了where引导的定语从句）