Unit 1（B卷·能力提升）——高二英语同步单元AB卷（译林版2020选择性必修第四册）

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Unit 1 Honesty and Responsibility 测试（B卷·能力提升）
（时间：90分钟 满分：120分）

第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题：每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
（2021·广东·东华高级中学中学高三联考）When it comes to giving back to the community, any action big or small can make a real difference. Whether you’re volunteering at a senior center or donating money to someone in need, you can have a positive impact on your hometown. Find out how to make where you live a happier, more loving place with these local volunteer opportunities.
Set Up a Collection Jar
Every cent counts! Set up a collection jar at your local business or office where people can drop their change to give back to someone in need. Many organizations have created collection boxes that you can display on a counter, or, create your own to give back to a local charity that you want to support.
Volunteer at Your Local Senior Center
Senior centers sometimes need volunteers to help out with programming. Often all they are looking for is someone to drop by to say hello, read stories, play music, or join in on a game of chess to help their aging residents feel connected to their community.
Tutor a Student
Help a student at your local high school prepare for an upcoming exam. Or, enroll in a program that aims to help students from low-income families succeed academically. If just one suggestion must be made for someone from a college or university, it would be this.
Organize a Community Clean-Up
One of the most common spaces for a community to gather is the local park. Organize a community clean-up to gather litter, pull weeds, paint park benches, and more to make the area more welcoming. Your neighbors and the environment will thank you!
Become an Organ Donor
In just a few minutes, you can register online to become an organ donor with medical organizations of the country. One day, you could save the life of someone in need of an organ transplant.
1. What is the author’s purpose of writing the text?
A. To seek help from the community.
B. To advise how to do something good.
C. To arouse attention to our living place.
D. To recommend jobs for young people.
2. Which is the best volunteer activity for a university student?
A. Set up a collection jar. B. Work at a senior center.
C. Tutor a high school student. D. Join a community clean-up.
3. What makes organ donation different from other activities?
A. Its economic value. B. Its lasting influence.
C. Its social necessity. D. Its convenient operation.

【答案】B C D
【解析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了回馈社区的一些方法和途径。
1. 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“When it comes to giving back to the community, any action big or small can make a real difference. Whether you’re volunteering at a senior center or donating money to someone in need, you can have a positive impact on your hometown. Find out how to make where you live a happier, more loving place with these local volunteer opportunities.(当谈到回馈社区，任何大小的行动都能产生真正的影响。无论你是在老人中心做志愿者还是捐钱给需要帮助的人，你都可以对你的家乡产生积极的影响。通过这些当地的志愿者机会，了解如何让你生活的地方更快乐，更有爱)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了回馈社区的一些方法和途径。由此推知，写这篇文章的目的是建议如何做一些好事来回馈社区。故选B。
2. 细节理解题。根据文章Tutor a Student中的“Help a student at your local high school prepare for an upcoming exam. Or, enroll in a program that aims to help students from low-income families succeed academically.(帮助你当地高中的学生准备即将到来的考试。或者，参加一个旨在帮助低收入家庭的学生在学业上取得成功的项目)”可知，对于大学生来说，最好的志愿者活动是给高中生做家教。故选C。
3. 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“In just a few minutes, you can register online to become an organ donor with medical organizations of the country.(只需几分钟，你就可以在国内的医疗机构网上注册成为器官捐献者)”并结合其它活动可推断，器官捐赠与其他活动不同之处在于它操作方便。故选D。

B
（2021·江西·江西师范大学附属中学月考）A designer is recently creating floral installations (花篮) on the streets of Manhattan, New York, that are meant to brighten the days of healthcare and other important workers.
Lewis Miller’s most recent creation is an arrangement popping out of a rubbish can at the corner of
W 58th Street and 10th Avenue. “They were very simple. It was just cherry branches.” Miller said. “We didn’t disclose the location, so nobody could necessarily go and find them.” But plenty of people did find them and then they found his Instagram information. A post with pictures of the “flower flash” as Miller calls them has gotten more than 16,000 likes in less than a day. “U listen. Pm kind of bored. I’m a creative person. I did something new and it took off, ’’ Miller said. “It still surprises me reading the comments from yesterday like really how much it feeds peopled souls.”
Miller has been dotting Manhattan with floral sunrises for a few years with his arrangements popping out of those New York City hot dog carts （推车）and even construction equipment.
“And the combination of which is so hard aggressive, compared with flowers which are the exact opposite of that,” Miller said.
Vogue magazine once wrote about him but it’s the reaction from the public many of whom have been restricted inside for weeks that he values most.
“If you can just stop, pause and just have one second of joy — that’s amazing because that’s one of the things that’s so lacking and it’s hard,” Miller said.
As one person on Instagram put it, New York City rubbish has never looked so pretty.
4. Who are the floral installations mainly intended for?
A. Medical workers. B. Busy walkers-by.
C. Cleaning staff. D. Important politicians.
5. What do the citizens think of Miller’s idea of the floral installations?
A. Admirable. B. Hopeful. C. Valuable. D. Boring.
6. The design is creative because ________.
A. it is simple B. it is made of rubbish
C. it pops out of a rubbish can D. it is the symbol of New York City
7. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A. Street Art B. A Big Surprise
C. Lewis Miller’s Creation Is Amazing D. Flower Flash Brightens Streets

【答案】A A C D
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了Lewis Miller在纽约曼哈顿的街道上设计花卉装置，旨在照亮医疗保健和其他重要工作人员的工作日。文章还介绍了人们对此做法表示称赞，以及Mille对自己这一行动的态度。
4. 细节理解题。根据第一段“A designer is recently creating floral installations on the streets of Manhattan,New York that are meant to brighten the days of healthcare and other important workers.( 最近，一位设计师在纽约曼哈顿的街道上创作花卉装置，旨在照亮医疗保健和其他重要工作人员的日子。)”可知这些花卉装置主要是为医务人员设计的。故选A。
5. 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“A post with pictures of the “flower flash” as Miller calls them has gotten more than 16,000 likes in less than a day.( 一篇贴着米勒所说的“flash”照片的帖子在不到一天的时间里就得到了超过1.6万个赞)”可知，由此可推知，市民们认为Miller的花卉装置的想法是值得赞扬的。故选A。
6. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Lewis Miller’s most recent creation is an arrangement popping out of a rubbish can at the corner of W 58th Street and 10th Avenue.( Lewis Miller最近的作品是从西58街和第10大道拐角处的一个垃圾桶里弹出的一个布局。)”可知，这个设计很有创意，因为它是从垃圾桶里蹦出来的。故选C。
7. 主旨大意题。根据第一段A designer is recently creating floral installations on the streets of Manhattan,New York that are meant to brighten the days of healthcare and other important workers.( 最近，一位设计师在纽约曼哈顿的街道上创作花卉装置，旨在照亮医疗保健和其他重要工作人员的日子。)”结合文章还介绍了人们对此法表示称赞，以及Miller对自己这一行动的态度。可推断故D选项“鲜花的闪光照亮了街道”是最佳文章标题。故选D。

C
（2021·广东·金山中学高二期中）The Wuhan Institute of Shipbuilding Technology was used as a quarantine site (隔离区) from Feb 8 to March 28. Cheng Shining, a junior of Central China Normal University in Wuhan, was responsible for collecting and distributing supplies for quarantined people and medical staff. As the youngest volunteer at this site, he also chose to live there so that he could show up whenever he was needed.
One day Cheng and two other volunteers took more than 3 hours to move all 1,462 boxes of mineral water to storage with 50 firemen's help. Cheng says. "A single person's strength is limited, but we know the whole country is helping us."
Cheng was a volunteer for the Military World Games held in Wuhan last October. It was the first time he saw his hometown under the world's spotlight. "I've experienced the highlight of Wuhan, and now when my hometown touched a low point, I want to get through the difficulty together with the city," Cheng says.
Like Cheng, 28-year-old Wuhan local Zhu Aobing also volunteered to help his home city. He signed up right away to be a volunteer for the vaccine. A total of 108 Wuhan locals became the first group of COVID-19 vaccine volunteers in March. They are healthy adults aged from 18 to 60 selected from thousands of people who applied.
"Since the lockdown, I've always been thinking what I can do for my hometown during the epidemic," he says. Zhu is a freshman of Hubei University of Technology in Wuhan. He joined the army when he was 18 years old and served for five years. However, Zhu didn't want to miss the chance to study further, so he decided to go to college last year.
"No matter how long I have finished my military service, I always have the responsibility to go to the front line when the country needs me, and when facing this pandemic(疫情)，being a vaccine volunteer is what I should do," he says.
8. How does Cheng sound when talking about the help from the firemen?
A．Descriptive and serious B．Generous and exciting
C．Appreciative and optimistic D．Cautious and supportive
9. How can Zhu help his home city?
A．By serving the Military World Games. B．By helping run a quarantine site.
C．By studying further in college. D．By being a vaccine volunteer.
10. What do Cheng and Zhu have in common?
A．They are Wuhan locals. B．They served in the army.
C．They are of the same age. D．They graduated from university.
11. Which of the following is most likely said by President Xi to them during the epidemic?
A．Diligence is crucial for the development of our country.
B．Chinese dream is what pushes the whole country ahead.
C．Life is a book and you are responsible for your own page.
D．The Chinese youth of the new era can shoulder great missions.

【答案】C D A D
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章分别讲述了两位来自武汉的志愿者在疫情期间做出的贡献。
8. 推理判断题。根据第二段的A single person's strength is limited, but we know the whole country is helping us. 可知，在程看来，虽然个人的力量有限，但他知道整个国家都在帮助他们。由此推测，他一方面有对于国家援助的感激之情，另一方面也能感受到战胜疫情的信心。C. Appreciative and optimistic(感激并且乐观)符合以上推测，故选C项。
9. 细节理解题。根据第四段第一二句Like Cheng, 28-year-old Wuhan local Zhu Aobing also volunteered to help his home city. He signed up right away to be a volunteer for the vaccine.(像程一样，28岁的武汉当地人，朱奥兵也自愿帮助自己的家乡。他立刻报名成为疫苗的志愿者。)可知， 朱帮助自己城市的方式就是申请成为疫苗志愿者。D. By being a vaccine volunteer.(通过成为疫苗志愿者)符合以上说法，故选D项。
10. 细节理解题。根据第三段的Cheng was a volunteer for the Military World Games held in Wuhan last October. It was the first time he saw his hometown under the world's spotlight.(程是去年世界军人运动会的志愿者。这是他第一次看到自己的家乡成为世界的焦点。)和第四段的28-year-old Wuhan local Zhu Aobing(28岁的武汉当地人朱)可知，两位志愿者都是武汉人。A. They are Wuhan locals.(他们是武汉当地人)符合以上说法，故选A项。
11. 推理判断题。根据第一段的Cheng Shining, a junior of Central China Normal University in Wuhan, was responsible for collecting and distributing supplies for quarantined people and medical staff. As the youngest volunteer at this site, he also chose to live there so that he could show up whenever he was needed. (程，武汉华中师范大学二年级学生，负责为隔离区和医护人员收集和分发供给品。作为这个点最小的志愿者，他也选择了住在这里，这样他就可以在任何需要他的时间出现)和最后一段的No matter how long I have finished my military service, I always have the responsibility to go to the front line when the country needs me, and when facing this pandemic，being a vaccine volunteer is what I should do(不管我已经服完兵役多久，当国家需要我的时候我都有责任去到最前线，当面对疫情时，成为疫苗志愿者就是我应该做的)可知，两位志愿者虽然年轻但都能为国家为大局挺身而出负起责任，由此推断D. The Chinese youth of the new era can shoulder great missions.(中国新时代的年轻人能肩负伟大的职责)更有可能是习总书记对他们说的话,故选 D项。

D
（2021·天津·南开中学高二期中）Cheating is considered to be a major problem in colleges and universities. Colleges and universities across the US have decided to do more than talk about the rise in student cheating.
We frequently hear about “the good old days”, when Americans were better, happier, and more honest. But were they more honest? Maybe yes, a long time ago when life was very different from what it is today.
School children used to know the story of how Abraham Lincoln walked five miles to return a penny he’d overcharged a customer. It’s the kind of story we think of as myth. But in the case of Lincoln, the story is true — unlike the story of George Washington and the cherry tree. Washington’s first biographer invented the tale of little George saying to his father, “I cannot tell a lie. I did it with my ax.” What is important in both stories, however, is that honesty was seen as an important part of the American character.
And these are just two stories out of many. Students in the last century usually didn’t read “fan” stories. They read stories that taught moral values. Such stories pointed out quite clearly that children who lied, cheated, or stole came to bad ends.
Parents may have further reinforced those values. It’s difficult to know. We do know that children didn’t hear their parents talk of cheating the government on income taxes — there weren’t any. The vast majority of Americans still believe that honesty is an important part of the American character. For that reason, there are numerous watch-dog committees at all levels of society.
Although signs of dishonesty in school, business, and government seem much more numerous in recent years than in the past, could it be that we are getting better at revealing such dishonesty? There is some evidence that dishonesty may ebb and flow (起伏). When times are hard, incidents of theft and cheating usually go up. And when times get better such incidents tend to go down.
Cheating in school also tends to ebb and flow. But it doesn’t seem linked to the economy. Many educators feel that as students gain confidence in themselves and their abilities, they are less likely to cheat. Surprisingly, some efforts to prevent cheating may actually encourage cheating — a person may feel “they don’t trust me anyway,” and be tempted to “beat the system.” Distrust can be contagious (传染的). But, so can trust!
12. Why does the author mention the two stories of Lincoln and Washington?
A．To show Lincoln is more admired than Washington.
B．To introduce the topic to be discussed.
C．To compare them with the presidents today.
D．To prove honesty used to be very important in American character.
13. What lesson do all the stories try to convey?
A．Those who do something evil will have to answer for it.
B．Those who steal will be put to prison.
C．Those who cheat will be sentenced.
D．Those who don’t behave themselves will die young.
14. What may be a main reason for dishonesty in society?
A．Family life. B．Fun stories.
C．Economic condition. D．School education.
15. The underlined sentence ‘some efforts to prevent cheating may actually encourage cheating’,
means________.
A．Distrust will result in dishonesty sometimes.
B．The measures to stop cheating in schools are badly taken.
C．Dishonesty is a long-time discouragement.
D．There will never be an effective way to stop cheating.

【答案】D A C A
【解析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了尽管近年来在学校、企业和政府中出现的不诚实现象似乎比过去多得多。但是诚实仍然被视为美国人性格的重要组成部分。同时介绍了哪些因素影响了作弊。
12. 细节理解题。根据第二段“What is important in both stories, however, is that honesty was seen as an important part of the American character.(然而，在这两个故事中重要的是，诚实被视为美国人性格的重要组成部分)”可知，为什么作者提到林肯和华盛顿的两个故事是为了证明诚实曾经在美国人的性格中是非常重要的。故选D项。
13. 细节理解题。根据第四段“Such stories pointed out quite clearly that children who lied, cheated, or stole came to bad ends.(这些故事很清楚地指出，撒谎、欺骗或偷窃的孩子不会有好下场)”可知，所有的故事试图传达恶有恶报。故选A项。
14. 细节理解题。根据第六段“When times are hard, incidents of theft and cheating usually go up. And when times get better such incidents tend to go down.(当经济困难时，盗窃和欺骗事件通常会增加。当情况好转时，此类事件往往会减少)”可知，社会上不诚实的主要原因是经济状况。故选C项。
15. 句意理解题。根据最后一段“a person may feel “they don’t trust me anyway,” and be tempted to “beat the system.” Distrust can be contagious (传染的)(一个人可能会觉得“他们无论如何都不信任我”，然后被诱惑去“打败体制”。不信任可以传染)”以及“Surprisingly, some efforts to prevent cheating may actually encourage cheating(令人惊讶的是，一些防止作弊的努力实际上可能会鼓励作弊)”可推知，不信任有时会导致不诚实。故选A项。

第二节 (共5小题；每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项
（2021·江西·鹰潭市贵溪实验中学高二月考）You have probably heard the saying, “It is better to
give than to receive.” The act of giving creates positive feelings for both the giver and the receiver.
16 Giving can not only bring positive feelings for the receiver, but it has also been shown to be a mood booster（助推器）for the giver. For example, a study published in Nature Communications found that the participants who chose to spend money on others rather than themselves had a greater increase in levels of self-reported happiness. 17 Because you will create positive energy when saying “Yes”.
Giving improves your emotional and physical health. 18 Giving can create positive benefits to your physical health and well-being as well, including decreased stress, lowered blood pressure, and even increased life length. A recent study found that people who volunteered even a few hours a week were 40 percent less likely to develop high blood pressure than those who didn't.
Giving increases feelings of appreciation. Both the giver and the receiver can experience a kind of gratefulness when generosity is at play. Why is this so important? Because appreciation is important to your physical, emotional and spiritual well-being. 19
Giving can change the world. All great change starts with small actions. Your generosity has the potential to affect massive change in the lives of other people and creatures. For example: you volunteer at your local animal shelter to accompany homeless dogs. Because these dogs have received extra love, they are happier. Because they are happier, they are more likely to be adopted. 20 It sets off a chain of small yet meaningful actions that lead to big change.
A. Giving makes you happier.
B. Giving leaves you more energetic.
C. This situation shows how giving works.
D. Thus, many people choose to give rather than to take.
E. That's why telling people you are grateful is so important.
F. The benefits of giving extend beyond your emotional health.
G. So nod when your neighbor asks you to join a beach clean-up activity.

【答案】A G F E C
【解析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了给予他人帮助给我们情绪上和身体上带来的好处。
16. 标题归纳题。根据空格后句"Giving can not only bring positive feelings for the receiver, but it has also been shown to be a mood booster （助推器） for the giver. （给予不仅能给接受者带来积极的感觉，而且也被证明是给予者情绪的助推器。）"可知，给予别人的行为会影响给予者的情绪。再结合第二段中的例子"For example, a study published in Nature Communications found that the participants who chose to spend money on others rather than themselves had a greater increase in levels of self-reported happiness. （例如，发表在《自然通讯》上的一项研究发现，那些选择把钱花在别人身上而不是自己身上的参与者，自我报告的幸福感水平会有更大的提高。）"可知，给予别人帮助会使自己感到快乐。A项意为"给予让你更快乐。"选项内容能够概括段落主旨，告诉我们给予可以让人更快乐。故选A.
17. 推理判断题。根据空格前句"For example, a study published in Nature Communications found that the participants who chose to spend money on others rather than themselves had a greater increase in levels of self-reported happiness. （例如，发表在《自然通讯》上的一项研究发现，那些选择把钱花在别人身上而不是自己身上的参与者，自我报告的幸福感水平会有更大的提高。）"可知，给予别人帮助会使自己感到快乐。G项意为"所以，当你的邻居要求你参加海滩清理活动时，你要点头答应。"选项内容能够承接上文，正是因为给予别人帮助会使自己感到快乐，所以当邻居要求你参加海滩清理活动时，你要同意。故选G.
18. 推理判断题。根据段落主旨句"Giving improves your emotional and physical health. （给予能改善你的情绪和身体健康。）"可知，本段内容告诉我们的是给予能改善你的情绪和身体健康。F项意为"给予的好处超出了你的情绪健康。"选项内容符合段落主旨，告诉我们给予有利于情绪健康，且能够引出下文"Giving can create positive benefits to your physical health and well-being as well, including decreased stress, lowered blood pressure, and even increased life length. （给予能给你的身体健康带来积极的好处，包括减少压力，降低血压，甚至延长寿命。）"，下文介绍的正是给予有益于身体健康。故选F.
19. 推理判断题。根据段落主旨句"Giving increases feelings of appreciation. （给予会增加感激之情。）"可知，本段内容告诉我们的是给予会增加感激之情。根据空格前句"Because appreciation is important to your physical, emotional and spiritual well-being. （因为感激对你的身体、情感和精神健康都很重要。）"可知，感激之情对人的身体、情感和精神健康都很重要。E项意为"这就是为什么告诉别人你很感激是如此重要。"选项内容能够承接上文，正是因为感激之情对人的身体、情感和精神健康都很重要，所以告诉别人你很感激是重要的。故选E.
20. 推理判断题。根据段落主旨句"Giving can change the world. （给予可以改变世界。）"可知，本段内容告诉我们的是给予可以改变世界。根据空格前句"For example： You volunteer at your local animal shelter to accompany homeless dogs. Because these dogs have received extra love, they are happier. Because they are happier, they are more likely to be adopted. （例如：你在当地的动物收容所做志愿者，陪伴无家可归的狗。因为这些狗得到了额外的爱，它们更快乐。因为他们更快乐，他们更有可能被收养。）"可知，这是一个你的给予给其他人或动物的生活产生影响的例子。C项意为"这种情况说明了给予是如何起作用的。"选项内容能够承接上文，上文正是给予起作用的例子，选项中的"This situation"代指上文提到的例子。故选C.

第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2021·江苏·苏州市第六中学校高二阶段练习）It was a dark night. Thick ____21____ had made me sure that there was no star light or moonlight to greet me as I walked out. ____22____ , I kept the porch (门廊) light off because I didn’t want to be ____23____ by small insects on this sticky summer evening. I stood there for while letting my eyes get used to the ____24____ of light it was then, though, that I saw one flash of light at the far end of the grassland was ____25____ by another and then another I smiled. I ____26____ them at once as my firefly (萤火虫) buddies who always appeared at this time of the year.
I got so much ____27____ watching them first as a child and then as an adult. They never became ____28____ and they always filled me with delight. I never ____29____ them and put them in a jar as some kids did because I was afraid I might hurt these ____30____ of light. Their time on this earth was so ____31____ that I tried to enjoy them each night they were here. It always ____32____ me when they disappeared in the fall and it always made my heart sing when they ____33____ again the next summer.
I enjoy these little fireflies much because we are ____34____ to them. In lots of ways, our time here is brief too, but we still do our best to give out light and knowing that others will be shining long after we are gone is a(n)____35____ to us. Let’s share our light and love while we are here then.
21. A．smoke B．dust C．clouds D．leaves
22. A．Thus B．Still C．Instead D．Indeed
23. A．defeated B．abandoned C．beaten D．bitten
24. A．shine B．lack C．speed D．level
25. A．followed B．covered C．controlled D．obtained
26. A．considered B．described C．recognized D．accepted
27. A．joy B．courage C．affection D．confidence
28. A．moving B．amazing C．boring D．puzzling
29. A．hid B．caught C．tricked D．frightened
30. A．readers B．gatherers C．supporters D．messengers
31. A．free B．easy C．long D．limited
32. A．annoyed B．surprised C．saddened D．scared
33. A．came back B．set off C．dashed out D．showed up
34. A．familiar B．similar C．cruel D．blind
35. A．comfort B．award C．manor D．success

【答案】CBDBA CACBD DCABA
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者晚上到院子里，遇到喜爱的萤火虫，并且认为人类和萤火虫一样，在这个星球上，生命短暂，但即便如此，我们也要努力地用微光照亮世界。
21. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：厚厚的云层使我确信，当我走出去的时候，没有星光或月光来迎接我。A. smoke烟；B. dust灰尘；C. clouds云层；D. leaves树叶。由后文的“no star light or moonlight”可知，云层太厚了，所以没有星光或月光，故选C。
22. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，我还是关上了门廊的灯，因为我不想在这个黏糊糊的夏日夜晚被小昆虫叮咬。A. Thus因此；B. Still仍然、但；C. Instead相反；D. Indeed的确。由后文的“I kept the porch light off”可知，虽然没有月光或星光，但作者还是关了门廊的灯，因此空格处是“仍然、但”。故选B。
23. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，我还是关上了门廊的灯，因为我不想在这个黏糊糊的夏日夜晚被小昆虫叮咬。A. defeated打败；B. abandoned放弃；C. beaten打败；D. bitten叮咬。由下文“by small insects”可知，关灯是为了避免虫子来咬人，故选D。
24. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在那里站了一会儿，让我的眼睛适应没有光线的环境，不过，这时我看到在草原的尽头一道闪光跟着一道闪光，接着又一道闪光，我笑了。A. shine光亮；B. lack缺乏；C. speed速度；D. level水平。由上文的“kept the porch light off”可知，作者把灯关了因此眼睛要适应没有光线的环境，因此空格处是“缺乏”，故选B。
25. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在那里站了一会儿，让我的眼睛适应没有光线的环境，不过，这时我看到在草原的尽头一道闪光跟着一道闪光，接着又一道闪光，我笑了。A. followed跟随；B. covered覆盖；C. controlled控制；D. obtained得到。由后文的“my firefly”可知，那是萤火虫，根据常识可知，萤火虫的发光是一下接一下的，也就是一下跟随另一下，因此空格处是“跟随”，故选A。
26. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一眼就认出它们是我的萤火虫伙伴，它们总是在每年的这个时候出现。A. considered考虑；B. described描述；C. recognized认出；D. accepted接受。由后文的“who always appeared at this time of the year”可知，萤火虫在每年的这个时候出现，因此作者是认出 了它们，故选C。
27. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我还是个孩子，我很高兴能看到它们，然后长大成人时，也是如此。A. joy高兴；B. courage勇气；C. affection感情；D. confidence自信。由后文的“filled me with delight”可知，作者很高兴看见萤火虫，故选A。
28. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它们从来没有变得无聊，它们总是让我充满喜悦。A. moving令人感动的；B. amazing令人惊异的；C. boring无聊的；D. puzzling令人困惑的。由后文的“filled me with delight”可知，萤火虫总是让作者充满喜悦，因此它们不无聊，故选C。
29. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我从来没有像一些孩子那样抓住它们，把它们放在罐子里，因为我害怕我会伤害这些光的使者。A. hid躲藏；B. caught抓住；C. tricked欺骗；D. frightened使惊吓。由后文的“put them in a jar”可知，作者没有像一些孩子那样抓住它们，故选B。
30. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从来没有像一些孩子那样抓住它们，把它们放在罐子里，因为我害怕我会伤害这些光的使者。A. readers读者；B. gatherers采集者；C. supporters支持者；D. messengers使者。由下文“of light”及常识可知，萤火虫是光的使者，故选D。
31. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它们在这个世界上的时间是如此有限，我试图享受它们在这里的每一个夜晚。A. free自由的；B. easy简单的；C. long长的；D. limited有限的。由后文的“they disappeared in the fall”可知，萤火虫在这个世界上的时间是有限的，故选D。
32. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当它们在秋天消失时，我总是很难过，当第二年夏天它们又回来时，我的心总是歌唱。A. annoyed使生气；B. surprised使惊讶；C. saddened使伤心；D. scared使害怕。由前面的“filled me with delight”可知，萤火虫让作者高兴，因此当它们消失时作者会觉得伤心难过，故选C。
33. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当它们在秋天消失时，我总是很难过，当第二年夏天它们又回来时，我的心总是歌唱。A. came back回来；B. set off出发；C. dashed out冲出去；D. showed up出现。由后文的“again the next summer”可知，第二年夏天它们又回来，故选A。
34. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很喜欢这些小萤火虫，因为我们和它们很相似。A. familiar熟悉的；B. similar相似的；C. cruel残忍的；D. blind盲的。由后文的“our time here is brief too”可知，我们和萤火虫很相似，在这里的时间也很短暂，故选B。
35. 考查名词词义辨析。句意： 在很多方面，我们在这里的时间也很短暂，但我们仍然尽自己最大的努力发出光芒，知道在我们去世后很长一段时间内，别人还会发光，这对我们来说是一种安慰。A. comfort安慰；B. award奖励；C. manor领地；D. success成功。由上文“others will be shining long after we are gone”可知，我们去世后很长一段时间内，别人还会发光，这对我们来说这是一种安慰，故选A。

第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
（2022·浙江·湖州市高二期末）People around the globe have been mourning the death of Chinese scientist Yuan Longping, ____36____ lifelong research in hybrid rice helps feed more people around the world.
Born in Beijing in 1930, Yuan devoted his entire life ____37____ the study of hybrid rice. With his tireless efforts, he finally ____38____ (overcome) numerous difficulties and cultivated the world’s first hybrid rice strain in 1973, which was planted first in Hunan province in the following year. It was the first time that a hybrid rice ____39____ (use) for farming.
Having spent over five decades in hybrid rice research, Yuan has helped China work a great wonder— ____40____ (feed) nearly one-fifth of the world’s population with ____41____ (little) than 9 percent of the world’s total land. Moreover, Yuan’s team has also offered training ____42____ (course) in dozens of countries to help them address the problem of food ____43____ (short). However, ____44____ impressed the world most was that despite such great contributions he made, he still considered himself _____45_____ farmer and cared little about money or fame. Yuan is surely a great figure to be remembered.

【答案】
36. whose
37. to
38. overcame
39. had been used
40. feeding
41. less
42. courses
43. shortage
44. what
45. as
【解析】本文是记叙文。文章讲述中国科学家袁隆平的逝世以及他的贡献。他发明了杂交水稻救了数以百万计的处于饥饿中的人。
36. 考查定语从句。句意：世界各地的人们都在哀悼中国科学家袁隆平的逝世，他毕生致力于高产水稻品种的研究，为世界各地更多的人们提供粮食。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰Yuan Longping，故此处用who的所有格whose，作定语，表示“……的”，故填whose。
37. 考查介词。句意：袁隆平1930年出生于北京，毕生致力于杂交水稻的研究。devote …to…“致力于”固定短语，根据句意，故填to。
38. 考查动词时态语态。句意：经过不懈的努力，他终于在1973年成功培育出世界上第一个杂交水稻品种，并于次年在湖南省首次种植。分析句子可知，此处overcome与后面的cultivated并列，作并列谓语，描述过去发生的事情，故同样使用一般过去时，故填overcame。
39. 考查动词时态语态。句意：这是杂交水稻第一次被用于农业。 “it is/was the +序数词+ time+完成时” 是固定句型，因为此处前面的be动词是was，所以后面使用过去完成时，use是从句谓语动词，与主语a hybrid rice是被动关系，故填had been used。
40. 考查非谓语动词。句意：他花了50多年的时间研究杂交水稻，帮助中国创造了一个伟大的奇迹——用不到世界总面积9%的土地养活了将近世界五分之一的人口。分析句子可知，破折号后的内容解释说a great wonder，feed与逻辑主语wonder是主动关系，使用现在分词形式。故填feeding。
41. 考查形容词比较级。句意同上。根据后面的than可知此处要用比较级，little的比较级是less。故填less。
42. 考查名词。句意：此外，为了帮助解决粮食短缺问题，袁的团队在数十个国家提供培训。course“课程”可数名词，此处意为“几十个国家的培训课程”，肯定不只一门课程，因此要用复数形式。故填courses。
43. 考查名词。句意同上。意为食物短缺，因此要使用名词形式shortage，作介词宾语，shortage此处用作不可数名词，food shortage“食物短缺”。故填shortage。
44. 考查主语从句。句意：然而，让世界印象最深刻的是，尽管他做出了这么大的贡献，他仍然认为自己是一个农民，很少关心金钱和名声。分析句子可知，“__impressed the world most”是主语从句，从句缺少主语，用连接词what，在该主语从句中作主语，意为“……的（东西）” 故填what。
45. 考查固定短语。句意同上。固定词组“consider sb. as…”，意为“认为某人是”，此处意为：袁隆平认为自己是农民。故填as。

第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
（2021·贵州·黔西南州同源中学高二期中）假如你是李华，你们班将在下周一下午举行一场以“如何成为一名优秀的高中毕业生”为主题的班会活动。请你根据以下要点和要求，写一篇关于“How to Be Excellent Senior High School Graduates ?”的英语演讲稿。
要点：1.努力学习，掌握丰富的知识和技能；
2.拥有健康强壮的身体；
3.养成良好的道德品德。
要求：1.内容完整, 语言流畅，不要逐句翻译，自由地适当发挥。
2.短文中不能出现真实姓名，校名和其他真实信息。
3. 字数100词左右，文章的开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数。
My dear teachers and classmates,
Good afternoon! It’s a great honor for me to speak in front of you. My speech is about “How to Be Excellent Senior High School Graduates ?”
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
Right here, right now !Let’s take actions and I believe everyone will be the best one!
That’s all. Thank you.

【答案】One possible version
My dear teachers and class mates,
Good afternoon! It’s a great honor for me to speak in front of you. My speech is about “How to Be Excellent Senior High School Graduates ?” But how can we be Excellent Senior High School Graduates ?
First of all, I think, we should study hard, master rich knowledge and get the abilities and skills to adapt to the society. Without them, we cannot make better to live and not make contributions to the society. Besides, we should have healthy and strong bodies. Anyone, who hasn't got a strong body, cannot do much work for his country, even though he has much knowledge. Therefore, having a strong bodies are really very important for us students. Last but not least, it is also very important to develop good moral characters. So we should be honest, kind and ready to help others.
Right here, right now !Let’s take actions and I believe everyone will be the best one!
That’s all. Thank you
【解析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，假如你是李华，你们班将在下周一下午举行一场以“如何成为一名优秀的高中毕业生”为主题的班会活动。请你根据以下要点和要求，写一篇关于“How to Be Excellent Senior High School Graduates ?”的英语演讲稿。

第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
（2021·福建省厦门集美中学高二期中）Karie double-checked the words on her spelling test. If she got 100 percent today, she’d win her class’s First-quarter Spelling Challenge and a brand new dictionary. Plus, Ms. Smith had promised to do a handstand(倒立) if anyone got a perfect score.
Two more words to go. Q-u-i-c-k-+-y. H-o-n-e-s-try. Wait! She’d spelled honesty, not honestly! She erased the t-y and wrote l-y before handing in her paper.
“I’ll correct these while you’re at the break,” Ms. Smith said.
After the break Karie moved restlessly in her seat, tapping her pencil.
Ms. Smith walked to the front of the room and cleared her throats. Then, as if she were an Olympic gymnast(体操运动员), Ms. Smith threw both her feet into the air. “Congratulations, Karie! You did it,” she announced while upside down. The whole class erupted! Ms. Smith presented Karie with her prize. Karie smiled broadly as she read the note on the dictionary to Kaire, for her perfect performance.
“Everything OK?” Mom asked as Karie burst through the front door after school. “Everything’s PERFECT!” Karie shouted, showing Mom her spelling test and prize. Mom hugged her “Put the test on the fridge so Dad can see it when he gets home.”
“And Casper, too.“ Karie lifted up her cat. ”Can you spell quickly. Casper? And honestly, and..” Karie’s stomach tumbled(翻滚) to the floor. Honestly? H-O-N-E-S-L-Y!
“Karie, what’s the matter?” asked Mom. “I don’t feel so good,”Karie said, putting Casper down and squeezing the test paper into her backpack.
“Probably too much excitement.” Mom rubbed her back. “How about some tea?” Karie swallowed. “How do you know? Tea is exactly what I needed.”
Karie dragged herself to her bed after some tea. How could she tell the whole class she didn’t deserve the prize? That Ms. Smith did the handstand for nothing?
注意:
1.续写词数应为150左右。
2请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
Soon Karie heard her dad come in with the smell of piza floating in the air.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph 2:
Ms. Smith was unlocking the classroom door when Karie got to school the next morning
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【答案】One possible version
Paragraph 1:
Soon Karie heard her dad come in with the smell of pizza floating in the air. “Where’s your spelling test paper, sweetheart?” Dad asked, gazing at her eagerly. Karie gulped before trying to answer. “I..,” she fumbled in her backpack, took out the paper and handed it unwillingly to her Dad. When Dad was admiring the perfect 100 on the paper, he spotted “honesly”. Dad frowned, “Probably you don’t deserve the prize.” Immediately, the scene flashed back when a cashier in the pizza shop gave them too much change by mistake, her father went straight back to return the unexpected money instead of keeping it. She soon understood what she should do.
Paragraph 2:
Ms. Smith was unlocking the classroom door when Karie got to school the next morning. “You’re an early bird,” Ms. Smith smiled at her. Hands slightly trembling, Karie gave Ms. Smith her test paper as well as the dictionary. Karie confessed her spelling mistake in the test, a pink flush spreading over her cheeks. “I see.” Even though Ms. Smith tried to contain her emotions, surprise registered on her face. For a moment, Ms. Smith stood quietly reading the note on the dictionary. Then she picked up a pen, crossed out the word “perfect” and wrote “honest” instead before handing the prize back to Karie. “I get to keep this? Honestly?” Karie’s jaw dropped. “For ‘honestly’, no.” Ms. Smith grinned. “But for honesty, yes.”
【解析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Karie拼写测试得了满分，而史密斯老师说要给得满分的人做倒立。结果Karie发现自己有一个单词拼写错了，虽然回家得到了奖品和夸奖，但是Karie并不开心，最后父亲也发现了Karie的错误，最后Karie还是承认了自己的拼写错误，也得到了史密斯老师的谅解。