人教版英语八年级下册全册知识点讲解与单元测试卷：人教版英语八年级下册Unit 9 Have you ever been to a museum知识点总结及单元测试卷（附答案）

这是一份人教版英语八年级下册全册知识点讲解与单元测试卷：人教版英语八年级下册Unit 9 Have you ever been to a museum知识点总结及单元测试卷（附答案），共19页。

人教版英语八年级下册
Unit 9 Have you ever been to a museum?
知识点总结及单元测试卷（附答案）

【教材内容解析】
Section A
1. Me neither (P. 65)
me neither意为“我也不……”，表示前者的否定情况也适用于我，反义词为me too。
---Susan can’t play the piano at all.
---Me neither.
2. Let’s go to one tomorrow. (P. 65)
one是不定代词，用来代替前面出现过的可数名词单数，如果指代名词复数，用ones。
Here are my books. Which one do you want to read?
---I don’t like these dresses.
---How about those ones over there.
3. Let’s go somewhere different today. (P. 65)
somewhere用作副词，表示“在某处、到某处”，常用于肯定句中，在否定句和疑问句中用anywhere。
It’s cold here. Let’s go somewhere else.
Did you go anywhere last Sunday?
4. They are going to take the subway. (P. 66)
take the subway意为“乘地铁”，take用作动词，可以表示“乘、坐（车、船等）”。
We take the subway to work every day.
5. It’s a great way to spend a Saturday afternoon. (P. 66)
(1) way表示“方法”时，后常接动词不定式或者of doing作定语。
Can you think out a way to open the door/of opening the door?
(2) spend的用法
① sb. spend+时间/金钱+on sth. “在某事上花费多长时间或者多少钱”
The man spent the whole day on his speech.
The family spent 10,000 dollars on their trip.
② sb. spend+时间+(in) doing sth. “花费多长时间做某事”
The boy has spent two hours playing the computer games.
【拓展】辨析spend, pay, take和cost
spend
主语是人
spend...on sth./spend...(in) doing sth.
pay
主语是人
pay for sth./pay +金钱. for sth.
take
主语是it
It takes sb.+时间+to do sth.
cost
主语是物
sth. costs sb.+金钱
6. We put up a tent and cooked outside. (P. 66)
put up意为“搭建”，还可以表示“举起、张贴”。
They put up many buildings last year.
【拓展】动词put的相关短语
put on 穿上
put out 扑灭
put off 推迟
put down 放下
7. I’ve never been camping. (P. 66)
本句时态为现在完成进行时，结构为“have/has been doing”，表示某个动作从过去某个时间开始，一直延续到现在，并且还有可能持续下去。
We have been waiting for him for two hours.
8. It’s unbelievable that technology has great progress in such a rapid way. (P. 67)
progress用作名词，表示“进步、进展”，常见的搭配为“make progress in...”“在……方面取得进步”。
The student is showing rapid progress in his study.
I have made much progress in English.
9. It also encourages governments and social groups to think about ways to improve toilets in the future. (P. 67)
encourage表示“鼓励”时，常用的结构为：encourage sb. to do sth.“鼓励某人做某事”。
The family members encouraged her to fight against the disease bravely.
10. I’ve finally realized why my grandpa loves drinking tea and collecting tea sets. (P. 67)
collect用作动词，表示“收集、采集”。
I like collecting stamps.
11. Me. too. (P. 68)
Me, too意为“我也是”，表示前面所描述的肯定情况也适用于后者“我”。
---I like spring best.
---Me, too.
Section B
1. For thousands of tourists from China, this small island in Southeast Asia is a wonderful and safe place to take a holiday. (P. 70)
thousands of意为“成千上万的、数以万计的”，表示一个不具体的数字，前面不能用具体的数字修饰，后接可数名词复数形式。
They plant thousands of trees every year.
2. On the one hand, more than three quarters of the population are Chinese...On the other hand, Singapore is an English-speaking country...(P. 70)
on the one hand...on the other hand...意为“一方面……，另一方面……”，用于引出不同的或者对立的观点和看法。
On the one hand, Peter wants to make more money. On the other hand, he wants to have more time to enjoy life.
3. Maybe you fear that you won’t be able to find anything good to eat when you travel. (P. 70)
fear用作动词，意为“害怕、惧怕”。
She feared to tell him the truth.
4. Whether you like Indian food, Western food or Japanese food, you’ll find it all in Singapore! (P. 70)
whether用作连词，表示“不管……（还是）；或者……（或者）”，常与or连用，引导让步状语从句。
Whether you like it or not, you’ll have to do it.
5. However, if you go to see lions, tigers or foxes during the daytime, they’ll probably be asleep. (P. 70)
however用作副词，表示“然而、不过”，表示转折，后常接逗号。
It rained suddenly. However, it became clear soon.
6. One great thing about Singapore is that the temperature is almost the same all year around. (P. 70)
all year around表示“全年”，也可以说all the year around。
Some trees are green all year around.
7. This is because the island is so close to the equator. (P. 70)
be close to表示“靠近、接近、离……近”，close此处用作形容词，表示“接近的”。
The window is close to the door.
My house is close to a supermarket.
8. So you can choose to go whenever you like-spring, summer, autumn or winter. (P. 70)
whenever用作连词，表示“在任何时候、无论何时”，在句中引导时间状语从句。
You can come back whenever you want to.
【重点短语和句型归纳】
重点短语
1. at night在夜晚 
2. in a more natural environment在一个更自然的环境中
3. all year round一年到头；终年 
4. be far from 离……远 
5. in the dark 在黑暗中 
6. in the past 在过去 
7. have been to sp.  去过某地 
8. science museum  科学博物馆 
9. history museum  历史博物馆 
10. amusement park  游乐园 
11. go somewhere different  去不同的地方 
12. go skating  去滑冰 
13. take the subway  坐地铁 
14. a great way to spend a Saturday afternoon一个过周六下午的好方法 
15. all the old movie cameras所有古老的电影摄影机 
16. learn about sth. 了解有关……的情况 
17. on the weekend  在周末 
18. camp in the mountains  在大山里露营
19. put up a tent 搭帐篷 
20. in such a rapid way  以如此迅猛的方式
21. different kinds of 各种各样的  
22. development of toilets  厕所的发展  
23. social groups  社会团体  
24. the tea art performances 茶艺表演  
25. make a perfect cup of tea with beautiful tea sets用漂亮的茶具沏一杯完美的茶 
26. a nice place to enjoy tea  一个品茶的好地方 
27. thousands of  数以千计的 
28. International Museum of Toilets国际厕所博物馆 
29. the Terracotta Army 兵马俑 
30. Southeast Asia东南亚 
31. Night Safari 夜间动物园 
32. three quarters 四分之三 
33. an English-speaking country一个讲英语的国家 
34. have problem doing sth. 做某事很困难
35. during the daytime在白天 
36. a couple of times  好几次 
37. right now  现在；目前 
38. an amusement park with a special theme一个有特别的主题的游乐园
39. walk around the park 在公园里到处走 
40. hear of 听说 
41. take a ride兜风 
42. another province另一个省  
43. the Bird’s Nest鸟巢 
44. encourage sb.  to do sth.鼓励某人做某事 
45. on the one hand… on the other hand一方面…另一方面
重点句型
1. a great way to do sth 一个做某事的好方法
2.watch sb to do sth 观看某人做了某事
3. It’s unbelievable that....很难相信......
4.encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事
5. have problem (in）doing sth 做某事很费劲
6.as...as.. 和...一样
7. the best time to do sth 做某事的最佳时间
8.choose to do sth 选择做某事
9. tell sb to do sth 告诉某人做某事

【语法讲解】
一 have/has been to 与have/has gone to
(1) “have/ has been to +地点名词”表示“去过某地”，表示某人的一种经历，说话时已不在那个地方，常和once, twice, never, ever等连用。当地点为副词时，则要省掉no。
---Where have you been？ 你去哪儿了？
---I’ve been to the post office. 我去邮局了。（人已不在邮局）
---Have you ever been to Shanghai? 你曾去过上海吗？
---No, I’ve never been there. 没有，我从来没有去过那儿。
(2) “have/has gone to+地点名词”表示“去了某地”，说话时某人已离开此地，在去某地的路上、已在某地或在回来的路上，所以此句型常用于第三人称，不能与时间状语once, twice, never, ever等连用，也不能和for以及since构成的短语连用。
---Where is Simon? 西蒙在哪儿？
---He has gone to Australia with his family.
他和家人一起去澳大利亚了。（人已不在这儿，在去澳大利亚的路上、已在澳大利亚或从澳大利亚返回的途中）
助记 have/has been to, have/has gone to意不同，两者用法当分清。
have/has been to+地点，“曾经去过某地”行；
have/has gone to+地点，“已去某地”人无踪。
【拓展】“have/has been in +地点名词”表示“在某地待过（多久）”，常与表示一段时间的状语连用。
例如：Mr. Brown has been in Shanghai for three days. 布朗先生来上海已经3天了。
We have been in China since 5 years ago. 我们自从5年前就来中国了。
How long have you been in New York? 你在纽约多久了？

二 非延续性动词与延续性动词
(1) 非延续性动词也称为短暂性动词或瞬息动词，这类动词所表示的动作往往在“瞬间”就完成了，动作不能“持续”，可以用于完成时态，但在完成时态的句子中不能与表示一段时间的状语连用，如：since two days ago, for two years等。如果要表示该动作的延续，就需要将其转换为延续性动词或表示状态的词。
The film started two hours ago. 电影是两个小时前开始的。（正确）
→The film has been on for two hours. 电影已经开始两个小时了。（正确）
The film has started. 电影已经开始了。 （正确）
The film has started for two hours. 电影已经开始两个小时了。（错误）
常见的非延续性动词有：die, buy, borrow, lend, come, go, arrive, stop, finish, leave, open, close, begin, start, see, marry, join, hear等。
(2) 延续性动词，是指动作可以延续的动词，可以跟表示持续一段时间的时间状语连用。
常用的延续性动词有：keep, have, last, run, eat, drink, sing, sleep, sit, teach, live, stay等。
I have kept the book for two days. 这本书我已经借了两天了。
He will stay here for a week. 他要在这里待一周。
(3) 非延续性动词所表示的动作不能持续，若要跟for或since等表示一段时间的状语，则该非延续性动词要用延续性动词或表示状态的词来替换。
Jim left his hometown last year. 吉姆去年离开了家乡。
=Jim has been away from his hometown for a year. 吉姆离开家乡一年了。

常见的非延续性动词和对应的延续性动词或表示状态的词：
非延续性动词 延续性动词/表示状态的词
die → be dead
borrow → keep
buy/catch → have
get up → be up
come/arrive/go → be in/at
finish/stop → be over
leave → be away (from)
open → be open
close → be closed
begin/start → be on
marry → be married
join → be in/ be a member of
(4) 非延续性动词的现在完成时的否定式可以和表示一段时间的时间状语连用，因为非延续性动词的这种否定形式构成一种状态，而这一状态是可以持续的。
例如：He hasn’t bought any sweets for a year. 他已经有一年没有买糖果了。
I haven’t seen Mr. Zhang for ages. 我好几年没有看到张先生了。

【单元测试卷】
单项选择（每小题1分， 共15分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择可以填入空白处的最佳答案。
(    )21. Liu Jing’s mother is very kind and she often speaks _______ a kind way.
A. for B. by C. in  D. of
(    )22. Her own twelve pictures sold very well, _______ to friends and family.
A. usually B. Mostly C. Hardly D. recently
(    )23. I don’t like this house with only two small bedrooms. Let’s ask for _______.
A. one B. another C. the other     D. others
(    )24. —Susan, I went to the 31st International Ice and Snow Festival in Harbin.
—Really? I have _______ heard about it.
A. already B. ever C. never  D. yet
(    )25. I forgot to take the _______ with me to Portugal, so I didn’t take any photos.
A. camera B. alarm C. report     D. record
(    )26. Sally is interested in English. Her teacher encouraged her _______ it well.
A. learn     B. learning C. to learn      D. learned
(    )27. —Linda, is that man your English teacher Mr. Huang?
—No, it can’t be him. He _______ Beijing for training.
A. has gone to   B. has been to C. was in    D. goes to
(    )28. About _______ of the students in that village go on a ropeway to cross the river to school.
A. two fifth     B. two fifths C. second five     D. second fives
(    )29. The car is five years old but is in almost _______ condition.
A. poor B. perfect C. serious D. typical
(    )30. As soon as the iPhone 6 came out, _______ people couldn’t wait to buy one.       
A. thousand B. thousands       C. thousand of       D. thousands of
(    )31. I got there early so that I _______ others’ ideas about the plan before the meeting began.
A. introduced       B. protected C. collected     D. controlled
(    )32. When I left the hospital, the doctor said to me, “Don’t be worried. You’ll be all right in _______ days.”
A. a couple of B. a kind of     C. a piece of D. a bit of
(    )33. —What is the best time of day for us _______ you?
—Oh, any time is OK.
A. visit B. to visit C. visiting D. visited
(    )34. Health experts _______ that lots of people would have flu this winter because the weather is unusual.
A. discussed   B. promised C. feared    D. advised
(    )35.—I haven’t been to the Bird’s Nest. What about you?
—_______. I am planning to go there this weekend.
A. Me too       B. Me neither C. So did I       D. Neither did I
完形填空（每小题1分，共10分）
先通读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择可以填入空白处的最佳答案。
When I was young, I liked climbing mountains with my father. When we walked together, my father and I   36   a lot. He always told me, “You should have goals  (目标) like climbing the mountain.”   37   the mountain-climbing, we didn’t have enough time to be together because my father was very   38  . I really got a lot from mountain-climbing.
Once we climbed a very high mountain. It was so   39   for me because I was only ten years old. During the first few hours, I   40   the flowers, trees and the birds’ singing. But as time passed, I was very tired and felt a little sad. I wanted to   41  climbing. In fact, I hated it at that time.   42   my father said, “You can always see a beautiful   43   at the top of the mountain. When you are at the top, you can see all of the nice things, just like in life.”
At that time, I was too young to   44   his words. But I got new hope. Finally, I found   45   standing at the top of the mountain. I could see the whole sky, and it was as clear as crystal (水晶).
(    )36. A. cheated       B. talked C. hid                    D. reported
(    )37. A. Without       B. Against C. Across            D. Through
(    )38. A. honest         B. strict C. outgoing          D. busy
(    )39. A. challenging     B. safe C. stupid             D. normal
(    )40. A. feared           B. protected C. enjoyed          D. worried
(    )41. A. give up         B. give out  C. cut up            D. cut out
(    )42. A. And            B. Because C. Or                D. But
(    )43. A. island B. sky C. desert            D. moon
(    )44. A. stand             B. forget C. understand       D. question
(    )45. A. himself          B. myself C. herself             D. itself
情景交际（每小题1分，共5分）
根据对话内容，从方框中选择恰当的选项补全对话，其中有两项多余。
A: Hi, Tony. What are you busy with?
B: Hi, Daming. (46)_______
A: Sounds interesting! I am very interested in spaceships.
B: Do you know scientists have sent a spaceship to Mars (火星)?
A: No. (47)_______
B: Yes, it has arrived there already.
A: (48)_______
B: No, they haven’t yet.
A: Are there any astronauts in the spaceship?
B: No, there aren’t.  
A: Why not? (49)_______
B: Yes, but no one has been to Mars yet, because Mars is much farther than the moon. (50)_______
A: That’s interesting!
A. Has it arrived yet?
B. Have you ever been to the moon?
C. Astronauts have already been to the moon.
D. Have they discovered life on Mars?
E. I’ve just read a book about spaceships.
F. How long have they stayed in the spaceship?
G. But scientists are working hard in order to send astronauts to Mars one day.
阅读理解（每小题2分，共20分）
A
Ding-Dong!
“Jason, can you answer the door?”
“I’m busy, Mom! ” Jason shouted back. “Couldn’t Mom see how important this was?” he thought. He already spent three hours playing a computer game. He couldn’t stop now.
“Jason, it’s your friend Todd,” his mother and Todd came in.
“Jason, let’s play soccer. David is already waiting for us in Center Square,” Todd sounded excited.
“No way, Todd. I’m playing a game here.”
“Jason, you can play it later. Let’s go.”
Jason gave his friend a dirty look, and his character in the game almost got killed while he looked away. He began to move his fingers more quickly. “I almost died because of you!”
Todd looked at Jason’s mother. Jason’s mother looked back at him. They both looked at Jason.
Jason was playing so hard that he didn’t know when they left.
An hour later, Jason’s father came home. It was dinner time after his father washed up and sat down. Jason didn’t hear his name being called to the table. He didn’t hear his father walk up behind him and ask him to turn off the computer, either.
When the screen suddenly went black and his father’s angry face loomed in front of him, Jason finally heard. “No more computer games for a month,” Jason’s father said to him seriously. “You don’t play soccer, you don’t come to dinner, and you don’t do your chores. We’ll make sure everything else gets done before you play again.”
Jason nodded (点头) slowly. He knew he shouldn’t argue with his father. The game was fun, but he played too much and he let down (让……失望) his friends, his family, and even himself.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
(    )51. What did Todd ask Jason to do?
A. To eat out.  
B. To play soccer.
C. To visit David’s house.
D. To play a computer game.
(    )52. When Todd said “Let’s go”, Jason _______.
A. got angry
B. got excited     
C. couldn’t decide what to do
D. said nothing but looked at his mother
(    )53.The underlined word “loomed” probably means “_______”.
A. moved  B. washed
C. covered       D. appeared
(    )54.Who finally stopped Jason from playing the computer game?
A. His father.    B. His mother.
C. His friend.    D. Himself.
(    )55.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Jason had dinner with his parents.
B. At last, Jason realized his mistake.
C. Jason opened the door for his mother to come in.
D. Jason’s father asked him to do chores for a month.
B
Allen: Welcome to “Easy Travel”. I’m Allen. Today our guest is Bob Smith. He visited Yunnan Province in southwestern China last month. Mr. Smith has been in China for two years. He writes for several newspapers and magazines in Beijing. 
Bob: Hello, everyone! I’m Bob Smith. I’m glad to join Allen in “Easy Travel”.
Allen: Mr. Smith, could you please tell us about your trip to Yunnan? What do you think of it?
Bob: Ah —it’s amazing, I think. I flew to Yunnan and stayed there for a whole week. I visited Kunming, Dali and Lijiang. How wonderful!
Allen: Why did you choose Yunnan? There are many other beautiful places you can visit in China.
Bob: Because some of my friends who had visited there told me it is a fantastic place to visit.
Allen: I see. What impressed (给……留下深刻的好印象) you most during the trip?
Bob: The clean sky.
Allen: The sky?
Bob: Yes. It’s not like the sky in Beijing. In Beijing the sky is gray. In Yunnan the sky is blue and clear. You can see thousands of bright stars at night.
Allen: Which place do you like most?
Bob: The Jade Dragon Snow Mountain in Lijiang left a deep impression on me because it is the highest place I have ever been to. And you can see, at the top of the mountain, the snow-covered peaks (山峰), forests ...
根据材料内容完成表格，每空词数不限。
Bob Smith’s trip to Yunnan
When he went there
(56)_________
How he went there
By plane
How long the trip was
(57)_________ days
Where he (58)_________
Kunming, Dali and Lijiang
What impressed him most
(59)_________
Which place he likes most
(60)_________
词汇运用（每小题1分，共10分）
A) 根据句意及所给汉语提示，写出句中所缺单词。
61. I think flying is one of the _________(安全的) ways of travel.
62. The school promised _________(快速的) results in the learning of languages.
63. I found most of the characters in the play really _________(难以置信的).
64. Some students lose marks _________(仅仅) because they don’t read the question properly.
65. We are happy that space research has _________(进展) greatly.
B) 根据句意，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
66. The cat lay on the sofa, washing ________(it).
67. My sister drives a ________(Japan) car, but I don’t like it.  
68. We had a ________(peace) afternoon without the children.
69. Dave always gets to school on time, so it was ________(usual) that he was late today.
70. My grandfather told us a story about three ________(fox) just now.
完成句子（每小题2分，共10分）
根据汉语意思完成英语句子，每空词数不限。
71. 我已经在博物馆看过两次机器人了。
I _____________ the robot twice in the museum.
72. 一方面这家旅馆环境不错，另一方面那里的价格很贵。
On the one hand, the environment in this hotel is good; _____________, it is expensive.
73. 那家游泳馆全年都开放。
That swimming pool is open _____________.
74. 在那家商店你可以看到不同种类的帽子。
You can see _____________ hats in that shop.
75. 白天我从来不睡觉。
I never sleep _____________.
综合填空（每小题1分，共10分）
阅读短文，从方框中选择恰当的词并用其适当形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每词限用一次。
again, careful, try, feel, sell, meet, comfortable, reason, save, pick
Once upon a time there was a poor man. His home was also very poor — a small dirty house full of spider webs (蜘蛛网). His neighbors never (76)________ to come into his house. The poor man thought that poverty (贫穷) was the (77)________ for his unlucky life.
One day, the poor man (78)________ a wise (充满智慧的) old man and told him about his poverty. The old man (79)________ sorry for him. He gave the poor man a vase (花瓶) and said, “This will (80)________ you from poverty.”
The poor man took the vase home and wanted to (81)________ it at first. “It’s beautiful but useless,” he thought. But then he started looking at the vase (82)________ and changed his mind.
“It’s not right for such a beautiful thing to be empty (空的),” the poor man thought. So he (83)________ some wild flowers and put them into the vase. It became even more beautiful. “It’s not good that such a beautiful thing stands next to a spider web,” the poor man thought (84)________. So he started to clean his house. He cleaned here and there and got all the spider webs out of his house. At last, his house wasn’t poor anymore — it became clean and (85)________. And the poor man wasn’t poor anymore either —— he turned into a hard-working man and he had no time to think about poverty.
书面表达（15分）
假如你校来了几名加拿大的交换生，你建议他们周末去星海公园游玩。请你根据下图提示用英语写一篇短文，告知他们去那儿的路线，并介绍公园的情况。90词左右，可适当发挥。开头已给出，不计入总词数。

Xinghai Park is near here and you can walk there easily.










参考答案
21-25 CBBCA   26-30 CABBD   31-35 CABCB
36-40 BADAC  41-45 ADBCB
46-50 EADCG
51-55 BADAB 
56. Last month  57. Seven  58. visited 
59. The (clean) sky  
60. The Jade Dragon Snow Mountain in Lijiang
61. safest  62. rapid  63. unbelievable  64. simply
65. progressed  66. itself  67. Japanese
68. peaceful  69. unusual  70. foxes
71. have seen  72. on the other hand 
73. all year round  74. different kinds of
75. during the daytime
76. tried  77. reason  78. met  79. felt   80. save 
81. sell  82. carefully  83. picked  84. again
85. comfortable
One possible version:
Xinghai Park is near here and you can walk there easily. Just go straight along Xinhua Street and turn right at the first crossing. Walk along the road and turn left when you find a supermarket. Xinghai Park is down the street on your right. Across from the park is a police station.
I have been to the park many times. It’s really a good place to have fun. It’s beautiful with many trees and flowers. You can play games or have a picnic there. You also can practice your Chinese there. I think you will like it.