高考英语阅读理解专项训练

这是一份高考英语阅读理解专项训练，共33页。
阅读理解
For Schultz, a 77-year-old man, this is a chance of a lifetime. Schultz is part of a group of around 50 Germans who are on a bus journey along the ancient Silk (丝绸) Road.
Speaking of his journey, he says: “I have been deeply interested in the Silk Road since I was a child, but now I finally have a chance to experience (体验) it.”
The two-month bus journey will take the group through Germany, Russia, and other 4 European countries. They will then enter China from the country’s western part. It will be an unforgettable memory for them.
Nearly half of the 13,000-kilometer trip will be inside China. From Xinjiang in the west to Shanghai in the east, the German visitors will see more than 20 Chinese cities. “We have managed the trip of the Silk Road for around 10 years. An increasing number of people, not only from German-speaking countries, have been joining us," says Liu Guoqiang from China Tours.
Almost 26 million foreigners traveled to China in 2015, and about 5 million of them were from Europe. Beijing, Xi’an, Shanghai and the Changjiang River are traditional Chinese travel destinations for European tourists. Speaking of where he wants to go, Schultz says, “Compared with modern cities, the culture in western China attracts me more.
As Shi Xiang, head of the China Tours, says, “Being a new brand (品牌) to attract foreign visitors, the Silk Road is good for people to know more about China, especially the northwestern part of the country.”
1．How will the group of around 50 Germans have the tour?
A．By car. B．By train. C．By subway. D．By bus.
2．Where will the German group enter China?
A．From Beijing. B．From the western part of China.
C．From the eastern part of China. D．From Shanghai.
3．According to Liu Guoqiang, how long has China Tours managed the trip?
A．For around 10 years. B．For 26 months.
C．For 2 months. D．For about 20 years.
4．What’s the meaning of the word “destinations” in Part 5?
A．标志 B．道路 C．目的地 D．品牌

You’ve probably heard the phrase, “Laughter is the best medicine.” Comedy on Referral has taken that idea and run with it, using stand up comedy to help treat people struggling with trauma (创伤) and anxiety in partnership with the National Health Service (NHS).
The idea came from comedian Angie Belcher’s experiences teaching comedy at Bristol University. She found that students often told her how much stronger and more resilient (有适应力的) they were thanks to stand up comedy.
Inspired, she teamed up with the NHS in Bristol to create a six-week comedy course for patients struggling with trauma in January 2022. Following the success of this initial course, Comedy on Referral won NHS funding to help men with trauma in London.
Talking to the Bristol Post, Belcher said, “Past traumas are perfect for comedy. Comedy doesn’t come from the happy, perfect moments of your life, but from our everyday struggles and major life events. People who’ve been through big life experiences such as losing a loving one and ill health often can’t wait to tell me their story, mostly because there’s always something especially funny about the situation.”
Research has shown that laughter has positive psychological effects, such as decreasing levels of cortisol—the stress hormone—and increasing endorphins (内啡肽). It can even have physiological benefits, although less research has been done in this area. Current research has linked laughter and humour with increased levels of pain tolerance as well as short-term cardiovascular benefits. More research is needed to prove these findings.
Nonetheless, the mental health benefits of regular laughter are widely accepted, and using comedy to treat mental health struggles could be a real breakthrough in the treatment of mental health.
5．Why is the phrase mentioned in paragraph 1?
A．To stress the importance of laughter. B．To explain the harm trauma causes.
C．To show the effect of stand up comedy. D．To state the idea behind Comedy on Referral.
6．How was the first six-week comedy course for patients?
A．Ambiguous. B．Effective. C．Controversial. D．Fruitless.
7．What may contribute to a comedy according to Belcher?
A．Happy moments. B．Funny moments.
C．Struggling moments. D．Successful moments.
8．What is the text?
A．A news report. B．A book review.
C．A comedy story. D．A diary entry.

History Fair CompetitionUnderstanding history is vital to understanding ourselves as a people and as a nation.
History is much more than the study of dusty old objects and events long past. It is an essential part of who we are today and who we will become. Thornton Middle School History Fair Competition makes understanding history exciting, engaging, and fun!
This Year’s Theme
All participants must address how communication or transportation technology has promoted the quality of life for Americans throughout history. To many people, technology means computers, hand-held devices, or vehicles that travel to distant planets. However, technology is also the application of scientific knowledge to solve a problem, touching lives in countless ways.
Individuals or groups may enter one of the following categories:
·Performance
·Documentary
·Essay Writing
Category Requirements
Performance: A dramatic presentation of the topic no more than 10 minutes long. If special clothes are used, they should truly represent a given period.
Documentary: A visual presentation (such as a video, slide show, or computer project) no more than 10 minutes long. A desktop computer, screen, projector, and loudspeakers will be available. Students must provide their presentations on CDs before Friday, March 23.
Essay Writing: An academic paper of 2,000 to 2,500 words. No illustrations are allowed. Please do not include covers. A list of references must be included.
Important Dates
January 5   Submit a topic proposal to your history teacher. The teacher may require a second proposal if the first is off-topic or unclear.
February 5   Submit a first draft of your essay, performance script, or documentary highlights.
February 19   A committee of teachers will evaluate materials and give opinions. Students then have an opportunity to improve their products.
March 9   Submit a final draft of your essay.
March 15   Performance and documentary committee preview
March 24   Thornton Middle School History Fair Competition
7:00 A．M. - 9:00A．M.   Participants signing in at the gym
10:00 A．M. - 6:00P.M.   Competition and judges’ review
7:00 P.M.   Awards ceremony

9．What is the theme of this year’s competition?A．Technology advances science.
B．Science interacts with technology.
C．Science has made the study of history easy.
D．Technology has improved the life of Americans.
10．What would a participant have to do with an essay of 1,500 words to meet the category requirement?
A．Include more information in the essay. B．Remove the references.
C．Provide a cover for the essay. D．Explain the details with illustrations.
11．What will the committee of teachers do on February 19?
A．Preview performances and documentaries.
B．Make comments on the materials.
C．Improve the participant’s first draft.
D．Collect a second proposal from the participant.

Ageism (年龄歧视) is never pretty, but it’s especially ugly when it means one less animal gets rescued in the world.
Andrea Hijar’s grandparents are in their 70s and live in Peru. Her grandmother has raised dozens of dogs in her lifetime, but when she decided to adopt yet another shelter pup, she was rejected because they thought she was “too old”.
Dogs live an average of 10 to 13 years, and with their age, the shelter was concerned that the grandma and her husband would pass away and leave the dog homeless. Andrea knew that would never happen, though. Any puppy her grandparents adopted would have a lifelong place with her family!
“It makes me sad,” Andrea said. “They are a very loving couple, but are being denied something they are very excited about.” So Andrea kept her eyes and ears open in hopes that the right dog would appear. Sure enough, one did!
She saw a social media post by a man who was looking to adopt a puppy. When he heard her grandparents’ story, he decided to take a chance and give the dog to them!
Andrea’s father quickly went to pick up the dog, and then they had the absolute pleasure of surprising her grandmother with her new best friend. The grandma’s reaction was adorable in every way! She clapped her hands like an excited child. “I am very moved to see her reaction,” Andrea said. “It is very emotional seeing her so happy and full of joy.”
They named the puppy Princesa, and she is already fitting into her new life beautifully! Andrea hopes their story will change people’s minds about matching puppies with older adults, especially when they have family support.
We’re positive that Princesa found the perfect forever family! These two grandparents clearly have plenty of love to go around.
12．What does Andrea think of her grandparents adopting a puppy?
A．They are too old to adopt a puppy. B．It’s illegal for them to adopt a puppy.
C．She supports them adopting a puppy. D．She is sad to reject them to adopt a puppy.
13．What does the underlined word “rejected” in paragraph 2 mean?
A．broken down B．looked up
C．brought up D．turned down
14．Why did a man decide to give a puppy to the grandmother?
A．Andrea persuaded him to do a good deed.
B．He was moved by the grandparents’ story.
C．Andrea’s father gave him money for the dog.
D．He wanted to take the grandmother by surprise.
15．What does Andrea hope people can learn from the story?
A．Adopting an animal can change everyone’s life.
B．It will be easy for the puppy to fit into his new life.
C．Little animals can be happy to live with older adults.
D．Grandparents should be allowed to do whatever they like.
16．What is the best title for the text?
A．An Old Animal Lover Got Best Gift Ever
B．Puppy Princesa Found a Perfect Family
C．A Grandma Was Forbidden to Adopt a Puppy
D．An Animal Shelter Offered a Grandma a Puppy

In February, Dr. Robert Lefkowitz published a memoir (回忆录) called A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to Stockholm: The Adrenaline-Fueled Adventures of an Accidental Scientist. As a physician and biochemist, Lefkowitz is a professor of biochemistry and chemistry at the Duke University Medical Center in Durham, North Carolina.
In a recent conversation via video, Lefkowitz said that he wanted his memoir to be “funny, interesting, and easy to understand”. In the book, Lefkowitz humorously describes his Journey from a cardiologist (or a heart doctor) to a biochemist.
Lefkowitz’s dream of becoming a doctor began when he was eight years old and growing up in the Bronx of New York City. After his father died of a heart attack, Lefkowitz made up his mind to be a cardiologist. He earned his medical degree at Columbia University.
Lefkowitz is no stranger to conducting experiments and making discoveries. He was awarded the 2012 Nobel Prize for Chemistry with Brian Kobilka. The two scientists were honored for their discoveries that could help unlock the secrets of many diseases.
When asked what played the most important role in his success, Lefkowitz mentioned about himself and he described himself as “reasonably intelligent and creative, hardworking, and not easily disturbed”. He added that being funny could also be very good for you and the people around you.
Before winning the Nobel Prize, Lefkowitz did countless experiments, and only 1 out of 50 turned out OK. “With difficult decisions I’ve had to make, I tend to make them with my heart rather than my head.” Lefkowitz said. “However, I don’t mean that deciding with your heart is always right.”
At age 78, the scientist has no plans for slowing down. “My body and mind are still working,” he said. “I want to continue running my lab at Duke University and writing and publishing research papers.”
17．What directly motivated Lefkowitz to be a doctor?
A．His conversation with a cardiologist.
B．His father’s death from a heart attack.
C．His enthusiasm for a doctor’s memoir.
D．His poor physical health in childhood.
18．What is the key to Lefkowitz’s success in his own opinion?
A．His good teamwork. B．His family’s support.
C．His positive qualities. D．His interest in research.
19．What can we learn about Lefkowitz concerning his experiments?
A．He suffered from a lot of failure. B．He always succeeded as planned.
C．He considered them less challenging. D．He couldn’t do them on his own.
20．Which of the following can best describe Lefkowitz according to the last paragraph?
A．Practice makes perfect. B．Bad luck brings good luck.
C．You are never too old to work. D．Experience is the best teacher.
21．Where is the passage probobaly taken from?
A．A travel journal B．A play review
C．A short story D．A science magazine

Beijing set a target to hold “high-tech Winter Games” after it won the bid to host the 2022 Winter Olympics. Soon after, China’s Ministry of Science and Technology was made the leading party to provide technical support for the Games. In collaboration with relevant parties, it drew up the “Action Plan for Science and Technology at the Winter Olympics, “ the results of which were applied in this year’s test events.
“During the test events in February and April this year, we tested and applied 133 types of techs in a number of key areas. Since October, another 228 pieces of technologies have been tested and applied in test events, athlete training schedules and prep work for the winter games, ” said Wu Yuanbin, director of the ministry’s Social Scientific Development Department, during a press conference.
For the Games next year, high-tech will be applied for four proposes: support COVID-19 measures, reduce carbon emissions, ensure the safety of the events and create a better viewing experience for the viewers. To achieve these results, a number of new and experimental techs will be used, including 5G and hydrogen vehicles.
“The much-anticipated 5G signals will cover all venues, including the roads that connect them. This will provide network connectivity for applications such as ultra-high-definition video and smart services. Eighty hydrogen vehicles were tested in Zhangjiakou. And during the Winter Games, more than 700 hydro- gen buses will be stationed in Yanqing and Zhangjiakou to provide transportation, “ said Yu Hong, director of the Technical Department of Beijing 2022 Organizing Committee.
The target of hosting high-tech Olympics isn’t just for the convenience of thousands of participants during this event. The organizing committee once said they wish to use the Games as an experimental model that could help the world build future smart cities that would benefit residents, industries and the environment.
22．Which department is chiefly responsible to provide technical support?
A．Beijing 2022 Organizing Committee.
B．The Social Scientific Development Department.
C．The Ministry of Science and Technology of China.
D．The Technical Department of Beijing 2022 Organizing Committee.
23．According to Wu, how many kinds of technologies have been tested and applied?
A．95. B．228. C．456. D．361.
24．Which scene is LEAST likely to be seen during the coming event?
A．The athletes take hydrogen buses to and from the Olympic sites.
B．Accurate COVID-19 Testing is made with the support of high-tech.
C．The carbon emissions rise greatly as a result of the application of high-tech.
D．The audience enjoy a better view of games with ultra-high-definition videos.
25．What is the main idea of the text?
A．5G signals will cover all venues at the 2022 Winter Olympics.
B．Beijing 2022 organizers promise high-tech, green, safe event.
C．Beijing will hold the best Winter Games.
D．The world will build more smart cities with the help of Beijing 2022.

The Food Trainer (FoodT app) trains people to tap on images of healthy foods but to stop when they see unhealthy snacks. The new study, by the universities of Exeter and Helsinki, found that playing the game about once a day for a month led to an average one-point reduction of junk food consumption (消费).
Generally, people who used the app more also reported great changes in their food intake. One app user wrote, “Really useful. I used to eat junk food two to four times a week and I have reduced this to once a week after using the app regularly for a month. My desire for junk food has been reduced greatly and I no longer eat in the evening mindlessly.”
The app regularly asks questions about how often users eat certain foods, along with other information such as their age and weight. Then the study used FoodT usage data and found that using the app regularly was connected with big changes in eating habits.
The app is free and it only takes about four minutes per day, so it’s something people can do not just at home but at work and elsewhere. “From our results it seems important that you do the training at regular times and don’t just stop. Therefore, keep it interesting, so you won’t get bored with it. Personalize the app as much as possible and pick the foods that you find really hard to resist,”said Natalia Lawrence, a professor of the University of Exeter.
The researchers stress that their findings should be further proved, because there was no comparison group and other factors (such as the possibility that people who did more training were also more motivated (有动力的) to lose weight).
26．What is the purpose of FoodT app?
A．To help people lose weight.
B．To explain the harm of junk food.
C．To offer some fun games to players.
D．To improve people’s eating habits.
27．How did the researchers carry out the study?
A．By studying some data.
B．By making an experiment.
C．By referring to users’ comments.
D．By introducing the app’s technology.
28．What is required to ensure the effectiveness of the app?
A．Paying for the app.
B．Using the app regularly.
C．Updating the app quite often.
D．Having enough memory space.
29．Which is the closest meaning to the underlined word “resist” in Paragraph4?
A．Refuse. B．Repeat. C．Report. D．Review.

The Chinese paddlefish (白鲟)—one of the world’s largest freshwater fish—has been announced extinct. Scientists say the paddlefish, also called the Chinese swordfish, is believed to have a lineage dating back at least 34 million years. With its long nose and mouth, the paddlefish could grow as long as seven meters.
But a research paper recently published in Science of the Total. Environment reported the paddlefish was now extinct. The researchers include scientists from the Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Britain’s University of Kent and the University of South Bohemia in the Czech Republic.
The paper says the paddlefish was announced extinct for two reasons. It said that the fish was not able to survive because of widespread overfishing and damage to its native environment in the Yangtze River.
Researchers discovered 332 different species of fish in the Yangtze River in 2017 and 2018. But they did not find a single Chinese paddlefish. They guessed the fish disappeared between 2005 and 2010. The extinction of the Chinese paddlefish was “a huge loss” to nature.
Pan Wenjing is a forest and ocean expert with Greenpeace East Asia. “The ecology of the Yangtze River is almost in ruins due to human activity in past decades” Pan said. She stressed that China had taken measures to improve the Yangtze’s environment, including a 10-year ban (禁令) on fishing.
After the extinction was reported in the news, some Chinese media and Internet users look a look back at the large creatures. Many people appeared to have not heard of the Chinese paddlefish before it was announced extinct.
“Every time I see the news of another species going extinct, my heart starts to ache,”wrote one Weibo user. “Humans should not live alone on this planet,” the user added.
30．What do we know from Paragraph 3?
A．Fishing in the Yangtze River.
B．Environment in the Yangtze River.
C．Researchers of the Chinese paddlefish.
D．The reasons for the Chinese paddlefish’s extinction.
31．Which of the following best describes the present situation of the Yangtze River?
A．To protect animals is to protect humans.
B．It’s never too late to mend.
C．Well begun is half done.
D．No pain, no gain.
32．What’s the writer’s attitude towards the extinction of the Chinese paddlefish?
A．Excited. B．Shocked. C．Satisfied. D．Happy.
33．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Fishing is not Allowed in the Yangtze River
B．Few People are Familiar with the Chinese Paddlefish
C．The Chinese Paddlefish has been Announced Extinct
D．Damage to the Environment has No Effect

France Tours
Best of Paris—13 Days Tour
Date/Price: August 7-August 19/ $ 2, 295+Air.
On this tour, you will be guided around the very best of Paris: the Louvre, Orsay Museum, Orangerie Museum, Sainte-Chapelle, and Palace of Versailles. You’ll also enjoy guided neighborhood walks through the city’s historic heart.
Loire to the South of France—13 Days Tour
Date/Price: October 18-October 30/$ 3, 795+Air.
This tour begins in the historic town of Chartres—an easy train ride from Paris. Then, with your guide, you’ll visit the chateaux of the Loire, prehistoric caves, traditional markets of the Dordogne, the city of Carcassonne and the Roman Pont du Gard.
Best of Eastern France—14 Days Tour
Date/Price: September 29-October 12/$ 4, 195+Air.
Staring from the champagne capital (香槟之都) of Reims, you’ll spend 14 wonderful days with your guide, visiting Colmar’s cobbled lanes (鹅卵石小道), Verdun’s historic fields of honor. Chamonix’s great mountains, Provence’s beautiful Cotes du Rhone, and ending with a wine party in Aix-en-Provence.
My Way France—13 Days Tour
Date/Price: September 21-October 3/$ 2, 795+Air.
Your vacation to France starts by following a route that connects France’s must see sights—from lovely Paris to sunny Nice, with the Loire Valley, Lyon, Annecy, the French Alps and Avignon in between. This money-saving My Way vacation gives you the freedom to decide your own daily sightseeing pace. We cut the stress by providing comfortable rooms in hotels an private bus transportation from city to city.
If you are interested in any route, you can call us at 0921-2290.
34．Which tour will you choose if you plan to visit France in summer?
A．Best of Paris. B．Loire to the South of France.
C．Best of Eastern France. D．My Way France.
35．What makes My Way France different from other three tours?
A．It’s the cheapest one.
B．It provides us with a guided tour.
C．It allows us to visit many places.
D．It allows us to travel at our own pace.
36．The author’s purpose in writing the text is to ________.
A．make more money B．introduce tourist spots in France
C．give some gifts D．share his experience

There’s more to enjoy in the city this summer than beaches. Some of Toronto’s biggest attractions have new and exciting features. Here’s a look at what’s new this summer.
Art Gallery of Ontario
If you’re looking to get some culture,there’s plenty to see and do at the Art Gallery of Ontario, including art exhibits and collections from around the world. Right now there’s Picasso: Masterpieces from the Musee National Picasso, Paris, which runs until August 26.
Canada’s Wonderland
Just outside the city limits is Canada’s Wonderland, the biggest theme park in Canada. This year sees a lot of new additions to the park, most notably Leviathon, one of the world’s longest and tallest roller coasters. There’s also an interactive dinosaur park, stage shows for the kids and Splash Works water park.
Casa Loma
The city’s only historic castle is a great place to take the kids for a day of exploration through the castle grounds, gardens and stables. The venue has many events going on throughout the year, and this summer’s activities include archery courses and Teddy Bear Picnics for kids aged two and up.
Black Creek Pioneer Village
The village features people dressed up for the 19th century, living the old fashioned way. There are gardens, farms filled with animals and more than 30 historical buildings to explore. During the week visitors can tour the grounds, meet with historians, practice Victorian traditions, taste samples in the brewery and more. The site has activities on holidays, like a Revolutionary War reenactment and BBQ on Father’s day and a Canada Day Celebration.
37．What is the feature of Art Gallery of Ontario?
A．It is about the historical difference.
B．It has too many animals on show.
C．You can enjoy world-famous paintings.
D．You can have a close look at the nature.
38．If your child enjoys exploration, you will go to .
A．Black Creek Pioneer Village
B．Canada’s Wonderland
C．Art Gallery of Ontario
D．Casa Loma
39．Where can we probably find the text?
A．In a story guide.
B．In a music book.
C．In a history textbook.
D．In a travel magazine.

Music is a language which speaks to everyone-from the day we are born we hear music of some kind of our lives. But there are as many different kinds of music as there are different languages, and it is impossible to describe them all. Here are just a few well-known types.
Classical music is serious Western European music from the Middle Ages to the present (1500 to today) and it was often written for a large orchestra, or for a small group of players. Many instruments can be used. A lot of music was also written to be sung-as opera. Classical music is very popular and schools often teach this type of music.
Jazz developed in the Southern United States at the beginning of last century. The black people of these states, who were originally slaves from Africa, had their own rhythms. Jazz brought classical music and African rhythms together.
Blues was originally black country music from the Southern United States at the beginning of last century. It is slow, usually sad music which is often sung by one person with a guitar.
Rhythm and Blues (R&B) developed from the blues in America in the 1940s. It became faster and more complex and used more instruments such as saxophones (萨克斯管) , guitars, pianos, drums. The music was often about city life and white musicians started playing it as well.
Musicians in the 1950s developed rock and roll from Rhythm and Blues and it became popular with young people. It spread to Europe in the 1960s and is now known in most countries. A lot of pop music comes from rock and roll.
Pop music developed from rock and roll in America and Britain in the 1960s and is now in every country. The name is used for most commercial (商业的) music, which we can buy on records and hear on “pop radio”. It is usually played by groups who often use electronic instruments and make videos to go with their records.
40．Which of the following started in the Southern United States?
A．Rhythm and Blues. B．Jazz. C．Rock and roll. D．Pop music.
41．When did rock and roll become popular with the young?
A．In the 1950s. B．In the 1940s. C．In the 1960s. D．In the 1970s.
42．How does the author develop the introduction?
A．By people and events. B．By time and explanations.
C．By questions and events. D．By analysis and reasons.
43．What is the text mainly about?
A．How music became popular.
B．The importance of music.
C．Music is an international language.
D．Six types of music and their history.

On September 17, Nie Haisheng, Liu Boming and Tang Hongbo returned to Earth after completing China’s longest crewed space mission(任务). They had left for space on June 17.
Nie and his team spent 92 days in space. The successful mission is another symbol of China’s growing confidence and capability in the space domain.
“The universe is so vast, beautiful and fascinating. I was lucky and delighted to have the chance to fly up into the sky again and take a spacewalk on our own space station,” Liu Boming said after landing.
During their stay with Tiangong, the taikonauts(中国宇航员)carried out two extravehicular activities, or spacewalks, using a large robotic arm and other equipment to install and adjust devices outside the station. They also performed a number of scientific experiments and technological tests.
One of the main tasks for the three crew(机组)members before coming back to Earth was preparing their bodies. “We need to increase physical activities, training our muscles, bones, and heart and lung functions to prepare for the impacts when entering the atmosphere(大气层)and hitting on the ground, and to readjusting to Earth’s environment,” Nie Haisheng said.
Besides exercising, the crewmates also experienced inventory check in the space station, making it convenient for the next batch of taikonauts to know where to find what they need.
The Shenzhou—12 mission, the nation`s seventh manned space trek(徒步), is part of the Tiangong program, “I believe with the continuous development of China`s comprehensive(综合的)strength and national science and technology level, there will be more taikonauts setting new records and pushing China`s space work to a new height,” said Nie Haisheng.
44．How long did the taikonauts live in space?
A．About 134 days B．Less than 90 days C．24 days D．3 months
45．What does the underlined word “extravehicular” in Paragraph 4 mean?
A．Dangerous B．Outside a spacecraft C．Popular D．Designed
46．What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A．China has built more than one space station.
B．Nie Haisheng has been to space 7 times.
C．There is still a long way for China to explore space.
D．It is easy for China to complete Tiangong program.
47．In which part of a magazine can be the text come from?
A．Space B．Advertisement C．Environment D．Science fiction

Five Ancient Chinese Poems about Spring
As the winter chill still lingers through early spring longing for warm days has sprung up everywhere. Before the flowers are in full blossom here is a collection of ancient Chinese poems picturing the revival of life during spring. The English translations used in this article are from Chinese translator Xu Yuanchong.
Spring Morning-by Meng Haoran(689-740)of the Tang Dynasty(618-907)
This spring morning in bed I’m lying
Not to awake till birds are crying
After one night of wind and showers
How many are the fallen flowers
Written in a Village South of the Capital-by Cui Hu(772-846)of the Tang Dynasty
In this house on this day last year a pink face vied
In beauty with the pink peach blossoms side by side
I do not know today where the pink face has gone
In the vernal breeze still smile pink peach blossoms full-blown
Happy Rain on a Spring Night(Excerpts)-by Du Fu(712-770)of the Tang Dynasty
Good rain knows its time right, it will fall when comes spring
With wind it steals in night, Mute, it moistens each thing
Dreaming of the Southern Shore-by Bai Juyi(772-846)of the Tang Dynasty
Fair Southern shore
With scenes I much adore
At sunrise riverside flowers redder than fire
In spring green waves grow as blue as sapphire
Which I can’t but admire
Love Seeds-by Wang Wei(701-761)of the Tang Dynasty
Red berries grow in the southern land
How many load in spring the trees
Gather them till full is your hand
They would revive fond memories
48．Which season are the poems probably talking about?
A．Winter. B．Autumn. C．Summer. D．Spring.
49．Which one of the poems mentions the scene along a river?
A．Love Seeds B．Dreaming of the Southern Shore
C．Happy Rain on a Spring Night D．Written in a village South of the Capital
50．Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A．All of the poets were from the Tang Dynasty.
B．Both Cui Hu and Bai Juyi died at the same age.
C．Meng Haoran lived longer than other poets.
D．Cui Hu wrote a poem highlighting the color pink.

The Earth is facing a climate crisis, but it’s also getting greener. According to a new research, the rise is largely because of China and India. A study by NASA, based on extensive satellite imagery, has revealed that the two countries with the world’s biggest populations are also responsible for the largest increase in green plants.
A third of the leaf increase is attributable to China and India, due to the implementation of major tree planting projects as well as a vast increase in agriculture. “China and India account for one-third of the greening, but contain only 9% of the planet’s land area covered in vegetation-a surprising finding, considering the large populations in the countries need much land, ” Chi Chen, the study’s lead author said in a statement.
Between 2000 and 2017, a NASA sensor gathered data of the Earth’s surface from aboard two satellites, the Terra and the Aqua. Using the data, researchers discovered that China is the source of a quarter of the increase in green leaf area, despite possessing only 6. 6% of the world’s vegetated area. Forests ac- count for 42% of that increase, while croplands make up a further 32%. China’s increase in forest area is the result of forest conservation and expansion programs, established to combat the impacts of climate change and air pollution.
Rama Nemani, a researcher at NASA’s Ames Research Center, said in a statement, “When the greening of the Earth was first observed, we thought it was due to a warmer, wetter climate from the added carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, leading to more leaf growth in northern forests, for instance. Now, with the data, we see that humans are also contributing,” Nemani said. “This will help scientists make better pre- dictions about the behavior of different Earth systems, which will help countries make better decisions a- bout how and when to lake action. ”
51．What can we get from the new research by NASA?
A．China and India should be responsible for the world’s climate crisis.
B．China and India make a contribution to the Earth’s increasing greening.
C．China and India have the biggest populations and the most green plaints.
D．The Earth no longer faces a climate crisis because of China and India’s efforts.
52．What does the underlined word “it” refer to in the last paragraph?
A．The greening of the Earth.
B．The increased croplands.
C．The protection of the forests.
D．The impacts of climate.
53．What is the best title of the passage?
A．The Earth is Facing a Climate Crisis
B．China and India Cause the Climate Change
C．China and India are Making the Earth Greener
D．NASA Released a Report on Air Pollution
54．In which column may you read such a passage?
A．Sports. B．Lifestyle. C．Business. D．Environment.

Born in New York in 1918, scientist Gertrude B．Elion had an impressive career, during which she developed medicines to cure many major diseases. Elion spent her early youth in Manhattan. She attended senior high school and had, in her words, an unbelievable thirst for knowledge.
Influenced by the death of her grandfather, who died of cancer, Elion entered Hunter College at the age of 15 and graduated in chemistry at the age of 19. She had difficulty finding employment after graduation because many laboratories refused to hire women chemists. She found a part-time job as a lab assistant and went back to school at New York University. Elion worked as a high school teacher for a few years after finishing work on her master’s degree.
The start of World War II created more opportunities for women. At the age of 26, Elion was able to get a job at Burroughs Welcome, where she began a 40-year partnership with Dr. George H. Hitchings. Her thirst for knowledge impressed Dr. Hitchings, and he permitted her to take on more responsibility.
Elion and Hitchings set out on a course of creating medicines by studying the chemical composition of diseased cells. Rather than relying on old trial-and-error methods, they used the differences in biochemistry between normal human cells and pathogens(病原体)to design medicines. In all, Elion obtained 45 patents on medicine and was awarded 23 honorary degrees.
In 1988, Elion received the Nobel Prize for Medicine, together with George H. Hlitchings and Sir James Black. She received other awards for her work, including the National Medal of Science in 1991, and that same year, she became the first woman to be absorbed into the National Inventors Hall of Fame. In 1997, she was awarded the Lemelson-MIT Lifetime Achievement Award.
55．What can we say about Elion as a high school student?
A．She had a satisfying part-time job.
B．She had a strong desire for learning.
C．She had a gift for chemistry at high school.
D．She made great achievements in chemistry.
56．Why did Elion choose to study chemistry at college?
A．To meet her grandfather’s wish.
B．To find a good job after graduation.
C．To create medicines to cure diseases.
D．To be a chemistry teacher in the future.
57．When did Elion started working for Burroughs Welcome?
A．In 1944. B．In 1937. C．In 1933. D．In 1984.
58．What does the author mainly tell us about Elion in the last paragraph?
A．Her later life. B．Her contributions.
C．Her interest in chemistry. D．Her honors.























参考答案：
1．D
2．B
3．A
4．C

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了丝绸之路之旅，并且它已经成为很多欧洲人的旅游热点。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Schultz is part of a group of around 50 Germans who are on a bus journey along the ancient Silk (丝绸) Road.(舒尔茨是大约50名德国人中的一员，他们正在沿着古丝绸之路乘坐巴士旅行)”可知，他们是乘巴士旅行。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段“The two-month bus journey will take the group through Germany, Russia, and other 4 European countries. They will then enter China from the country’s western part.(这段为期两个月的巴士旅程将带他们穿越德国、俄罗斯和其他四个欧洲国家。然后他们将从中国西部进入中国)”可知，这个德国团将从中国西部进入中国。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据第四段“ “We have managed the trip of the Silk Road for around 10 years. An increasing number of people, not only from German-speaking countries, have been joining us,” says Liu Guoqiang from China Tours.(“我们已经经营丝绸之路之旅大约10年了。越来越多的人加入我们的行列，不仅来自德语国家，”中国旅行社的刘国强说)”可知，中国经营丝绸之路之旅已经有10年了。故选A。
4．词句猜测题。根据划线词的上文“Beijing, Xi’an, Shanghai and the Changjiang River (北京、西安、上海和长江)”可知，这些都是旅游的目的地。由此推知，划线词destinations意为“目的地”。故选C。
5．D
6．B
7．C
8．A

【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述的是《推荐喜剧》采纳了“笑是最好的药”这一想法，并与英国国家医疗服务体系合作，用单口喜剧来帮助治疗与创伤和焦虑作斗争的人。
5．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Comedy on Referral has taken that idea and run with it, using stand up comedy to help treat people struggling with trauma (创伤) and anxiety in partnership with the National Health Service(NHS).(你可能听过这句话：“笑是最好的良药”，《推荐喜剧》采纳了这一想法，并与英国国家医疗服务体系合作，用单口喜剧来帮助治疗与创伤和焦虑作斗争的人。)”可知，第一段中提到的“笑是最好的良药”是为了阐述了《推荐喜剧》其与英国国家医疗服务体系合作的思路，即运用戏剧来帮助治疗与创伤和焦虑作斗争的人。故选D。
6．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Inspired, she teamed up with the NHS in Bristol to create a six-week comedy course for patients struggling with trauma in January 2022. Following the success of this initial course, Comedy on Referral won NHS funding to help men with trauma in London.(受此启发，她与布里斯托尔的NHS合作，于2022年1月为与创伤作斗争的患者开设了为期六周的喜剧课程。在最初的课程取得成功后，《推荐喜剧》获得了英国国家医疗服务体系的资助，用于帮助伦敦的创伤男性。)”可知，开设的为期六周的课程是成功的，即为与创伤作斗争的患者带来积极有效的作用。故选B。
7．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Talking to the Bristol Post, Belcher said, “Past traumas are perfect for comedy. Comedy doesn’t come from the happy, perfect moments of your life, but from our everyday struggles and major life events. (贝尔彻在接受《布里斯托尔邮报》采访时说：“过去的创伤是喜剧的完美素材。喜剧不是来自你生活中快乐、完美的时刻，而是来自我们每天的挣扎和生活中的重大事件。)”可知，Belcher认为喜剧来源于生活中所遇到的各种创伤，或者是生活中的挣扎和生活中的重大事件。故选C。
8．推理判断题。根据第四段中“Talking to the Bristol Post, Belcher said(贝尔彻在接受《布里斯托尔邮报》采访时说)”和通读全文，文章讲述的是《推荐喜剧》采纳了“笑是最好的药”这一想法，并与英国国家医疗服务体系合作，用单口喜剧来帮助治疗与创伤和焦虑作斗争的人。由此推断文章是一篇新闻报道，报道了该新闻事件。故选A。
9．D
10．A
11．B

【导语】本文是一个竞赛须知。文章详细地介绍了历史公平竞赛的意义、参赛作品的主题、各项要求以及活动安排。
9．细节理解题。根据“This Year’s Theme(今年的主题)”部分中的“All participants must address how communication or transportation technology has promoted the quality of life for Americans throughout history.(所有参与者必须讨论通信或交通技术在历史上如何提高美国人的生活质量)”可知，今年的主题涉及科技对美国人生活的改善。故选D项。
10．细节理解题。根据“Category Requirements(类别要求)”部分中的“Essay Writing: An academic paper of 2,000 to 2,500 words.(论文写作：两千到两千五百字的学术论文)”可知，字数必须在两千到两千五之间，因此1500字不够，必须添加更多的信息。故选A项。
11．细节理解题。根据“Important Dates(重要日期)”部分中的“February 19 A committee of teachers will evaluate materials and give opinions.(2月19日教师委员会将评估材料并提出意见)”可知，2月19日，评委老师会对提交的材料给出意见和评论。故选B项。
12．C
13．D
14．B
15．C
16．A

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述Andrea祖父母希望收养一只小狗被拒绝，最后在孙女的帮助下成功收养了一只小狗。
12．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“So Andrea kept her eyes and ears open in hopes that the right dog would appear.（所以Andrea睁大了眼睛，竖起了耳朵，希望能找到合适的狗。）”可推知，Andrea支持祖父母养小狗。故选C。
13．词句猜测题。根据划线词后半句“because they thought she was “too old”.(因为他们认为她“太老了”。)”可推知，安德烈亚·希贾尔的祖母决定收养另一只收容所的小狗时，被拒绝了。所以rejected为“拒绝”之意。故选D。
14．推理判断题。根据文章第五段“When he heard her grandparents’ story, he decided to take a chance and give the dog to them!（当他听到她祖父母的故事时，他决定冒险把这只狗给他们！）”可知，男士听说了Andrea祖父母的故事，决定把狗让两位老人收养。由此推知，男士被Andrea祖父母的故事感动了。故选B。
15．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“when she decided to adopt yet another shelter pup (幼崽), she was rejected because they thought she was “too old”.（当她决定收养另一只收容所的小狗时，被拒绝了，因为他们认为她“太老了”）”可知，祖母年岁大了被拒绝收养狗；根据倒数第二段“Andrea hopes their story will change people’s minds about matching puppies with older adults（Andrea希望他们的故事能改变人们对小狗和老年人配对的看法。）”可知，Andrea希望祖父母的故事会改变人们的关于老人与宠物共同生活的不正确的观念。由此推断：从该故事中，Andrea希望人们明白小动物与老人能一起愉快地生活。故选C。
16．主旨大意题。全文主要叙述Andrea祖父母希望收养一只小狗被拒绝，最后成功收养了一只小狗。结合第二段“Andrea Hijar’s grandparents are in their 70s and live in Peru. Her grandmother has raised dozens of dogs in her lifetime（Andrea Hijar的祖父母70多岁，住在秘鲁。她的祖母一生养了几十条狗。）”和最后一段“We’re positive that Princesa found the perfect forever family! These two grandparents clearly have plenty of love to go around.（我们确信Princesa找到了一个永远完美的家庭！这两位祖父母显然有很多爱。）”可知，A项“An Old Animal Lover Got Best Gift Ever(一位热爱动物的老人得到了有史以来最好的礼物)”可作为本文最佳标题。故选A。
17．B
18．C
19．A
20．C
21．D

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了作为医生兼生物化学家的Lefkowitz出版了关于自己职业的回忆录。
17．细节理解题。根据第三段“After his father died of a heart attack, Lefkowitz made up his mind to be a cardiologist.(在他的父亲死于心脏病发作后。Lefkowitz下定决心成为一名心脏病专家。)”可知，Lefkowitz的父亲死于心脏疾病直接促使Lefkowitz成为一名医生。故选B。
18．推理判断题。根据第五段“When asked what played the most important role in his success, Lefkowitz mentioned about himself and he described himself as “reasonably intelligent and creative, hardworking, and not easily disturbed”.(当被问及在他的成功中什么发挥了最重要的作用时，Lefkowitz提到了自己，他形容自己“相当聪明，有创造力，勤奋，不容易被打扰”。)”可知，在Lefkowitz看来，能够成功的关键是自己聪明，有创造力，勤奋，不容易被打扰，这些都是积极的品质。故选C。
19．推理判断题。根据第六段“Before winning the Nobel Prize, Lefkowitz did countless experiments, and only 1 out of 50 turned out OK.(在获得诺贝尔奖之前，Lefkowitz做了无数次实验，50个实验中只有1个结果还行。)”可知，Lefkowitz在实验中遭到许多失败。故选A。
20．推理判断题。根据最后一段“At age 78, the scientist has no plans for slowing down. “My body and mind are still working,” he said. “I want to continue running my lab at Duke University and writing and publishing research papers.”(在78岁时，这位科学家没有放慢脚步的计划。他说：“我的身体和思想仍在工作，我想继续在杜克大学经营我的实验室，撰写和发表研究论文。”)”可知，Lefkowitz即使年纪很大了，依旧不停止工作。故选C。
21．推理判断题。根据全文可知，文章主要介绍作为医生和生物化学家的Lefkowitz出版的关于自己职业的回忆录的故事。从而推断，文章最有可能选自一本科学杂志。故选D。
22．C
23．D
24．C
25．B

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要描述了中国将最大限度利用高新技术，把2022冬奥会打造成科技，环保又安全的国际赛事。
22．细节理解题。根据文章第一段第二句“Soon after, China’s Ministry of Science and Technology was made the leading party to provide technical support for the Games.”（很快，中国科技部成为了为2022冬奥会提供科技支持的主要力量。）可知，中国科技部主要负责提供技术支持。故选C项。
23．细节理解题。根据第二段第一句第二句“During the test events in February and April this year, we tested and applied 133 types of techs in a number of key areas. Since October, another 228 pieces of technologies have been tested and applied in test events, athlete training schedules and prep work for the winter games”（在今年二月和四月的测试赛中，我们在许多主要领域测试并应用了133种技术。从十月份开始，另外228种技术也被测试和应用在测试赛，运动员训练表及冬奥会的准备工作当中。）可知，一共有361种技术被测试和应用。故选D项。
24．细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“For the Games next year, high-tech will be applied for four proposes: support COVID-19 measures, reduce carbon emissions, ensure the safety of the events and create a better viewing experience for the viewers. ”（为了来年的冬奥会，高科技将应用在四个方面：支持防疫措施，减少二氧化碳排放，确保赛事安全，为观众创造更好的观看体验。）可知，冬奥会期间，二氧化碳的排放量并不会增加。故选C项。
25．主旨大意题。根据第五段第二句“The organizing committee once said they wish to use the Games as an experimental model that could help the world build future smart cities that would benefit residents, industries and the environment.”（组织委员会曾经说过他们希望把冬奥会作为一个试验模型，能帮助全世界创建未来的智慧之城，使民众，行业及环境都能获益。）并结合全文可知，本文主要描述的是中国将最大限度利用高新技术，把冬奥会打造成科技，环保又安全的国际赛事。故选B项。
26．D
27．A
28．B
29．A

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一款名为Food Trainer的应用程序，通过使用这款应用程序，可以改善人们的饮食习惯。
26．推理判断题。根据第一段内容“The Food Trainer (FoodT app) trains people to tap on images of healthy foods but to stop when they see unhealthy snacks. The new study, by the universities of Exeter and Helsinki，found that playing the game about once a day for a month led to an average one-point reduction of junk food consumption.(Food Trainer（FoodT应用程序）训练人们点击健康食品的图像，但当他们看到不健康的零食时就停止。这项由埃克塞特大学和赫尔辛基大学开展的新研究发现，在一个月内每天玩一次游戏，垃圾食品的消费量平均减少了一个百分点)”可知，通过使用FoodT应用程序，人们垃圾食品的消费量平均减少了一个百分点，改善了饮食习惯，由此可知，FoodT应用程序的目的是改善人们的饮食习惯。故选D项。
27．推理判断题。根据第三段内容“The app regularly asks questions about how often users eat certain foods, along with other information such as their age and weight. Then the study used FoodT usage data and found that using the app regularly was connected with big changes in eating habits.(该应用程序定期询问用户食用某些食物的频率，以及其他信息，如他们的年龄和体重。然后，研究用了FoodT的使用数据，发现定期使用该应用程序与饮食习惯的巨大变化有关)”可知，FoodT应用程序会定期询问用户一些问题，得出一些数据，研究人员通过FoodT的使用数据，得出“使用该应用程序与饮食习惯的巨大变化有关”的结论，由此可知，研究人员是通过一些数据进行这项研究的。故选A项。
28．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“From our results it seems important that you do the training at regular times and don’t just stop.(从我们的研究结果来看，重要的是你要定期进行培训，不要停下来)”可知，为了确保应用程序能够发挥作用，重要的是你要定期进行培训，不要停下来，由此可知，为了确保应用程序的有效性，用户需要定期使用应用程序。故选B项。
29．词句猜测题。根据前文“Therefore, keep it interesting, so you won’t get bored with it.(因此，保持它的趣味性，这样你就不会厌倦它)”以及划线词所在句“Personalize the app as much as possible(尽可能让应用程序个性化)”可推知，让程序个性化，保持它的趣味性，而不会厌倦它，那么选择的食物都会是你不抗拒的食物，和A项“Refuse”意思相近。故选A项。
30．D
31．A
32．B
33．C

【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国白鲟——世界上最大的淡水鱼之一，因人类过渡捕捞等行为而灭绝的现状。
30．细节理解题。根据第三段“The paper says the paddlefish was announced extinct for two reasons. ”（该论文称，白鲟被宣布灭绝有两个原因。）可知，从第三段可以得知白鲟灭绝的原因。故选D。
31．推理判断题。根据第四段“But they did not find a single Chinese paddlefish. They guessed the fish disappeared between 2005 and 2010. The extinction of the Chinese paddlefish was “a huge loss” to nature.”（但他们没有发现一条中国白鲟。他们猜测这种鱼是在2005年到2010年间消失的。中国白鲟的灭绝是大自然的“巨大损失”。）、第五段“ China had taken measures to improve the Yangtze’s environment, including a 10-year ban(禁令)on fishing.”（中国已采取措施改善长江环境，包括10年禁渔期禁令。）和最后一段“Humans should not live alone on this planet”（人类不应该独自生活在这个星球上）可知，中国白鲟在长江的灭绝是大自然的巨大损失，国家已采取措施来保护长江的环境，因为保护这些自然环境和动物就是在保护生态平衡，从而保护人类。故选A。
32．推理判断题。根据第四段“The extinction of the Chinese paddlefish was “a huge loss” to nature.”（中国白鲟的灭绝是大自然的“巨大损失”。）并结合全文可知，作者对于中国白鲟的灭绝感到很震惊。故选B。
33．主旨大意题。根据第一段“The Chinese paddlefish (白鲟)—one of the world’s largest freshwater fish—has been announced extinct.”（中国白鲟——世界上最大的淡水鱼之一——已经宣布灭绝。）并结合全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了中国白鲟宣布灭绝的相关内容。故选C。
34．A
35．D
36．B

【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了法国的四条旅行线路。
34．细节理解题。根据Best of Paris—13 Days Tour部分“Date/Price: August 7-August 19/$2, 295+Air.(日期/价格：8月7日- 8月19日/ 2,295美元+航空)”可知，如果你计划夏天去法国旅游，你会选择Best of Paris这条旅游线路。故选A。
35．细节理解题。根据My Way France—13 Days Tour部分“This money-saving My Way vacation gives you the freedom to decide your own daily sightseeing pace.(这种省钱的My Way假期让你可以自由决定自己的日常观光节奏)”可知，使My Way France不同于其他旅行的是它允许我们按照自己的节奏旅行。故选D。
36．推理判断题。根据文章标题“France Tours (法国之旅)”及小标题“Best of Paris—13 Days Tour (巴黎之旅——13天游)”、“Loire to the South of France—-13 Days Tour (卢瓦尔到法国南部——13天游)”、“Best of Eastern France—14 Days Tour (法国东部最美——14天游)”以及“My Way France—13 Days Tour(我的法国之旅——13天游)”可知，本文主要介绍了法国的四条旅行线路，作者写这篇文章的目的是介绍法国的旅游景点。故选B。
37．C
38．D
39．D

【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个多伦多的旅游景点。
37．细节理解题。根据Art Gallery of Ontario中“Right now there’s Picasso: Masterpieces from the Museum National Picasso, Paris, which runs until August 26.(现在有毕加索：巴黎国家毕加索博物馆的杰作，该博物馆将持续到8月26日)”可知，在Art Gallery of Ontario可以欣赏到世界名画。故选C项。
38．细节理解题。根据Casa Loma中“The city’s only historic castle is a great place to take the kids for a day of exploration through the castle grounds,gardens and stables.(这座城市唯一的历史城堡是带孩子们在城堡场地、花园和马厩中探索一天的好地方。)”可知，孩子们适合在Casa Loma中探索。故选D项。
39．推理判断题。由文章第一段“There’s more to enjoy in the city this summer than beaches. Some of Toronto’s biggest attractions have new and exciting features. Here’s a look at what’s new this summer.(这个夏天，这个城市比海滩更值得享受。多伦多一些最大的景点有新的令人兴奋的特色。下面是今年夏天的最新动态。)”以及后文可知，文章主要介绍了四个多伦多的旅游景点，所以可能在旅行杂志上看到这篇文章。故选D项。
40．B
41．A
42．B
43．D

【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了六种不同的音乐形式，并简要介绍了每种音乐形式的特点。
40．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Jazz developed in the Southern United States at the beginning of last century. (爵士乐是上世纪初在美国南部发展起来的)”可知，爵士乐起源于美国南方，故选B项。
41．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Musicians in the 1950s developed rock and roll from Rhythm and Blues and it became popular with young people.   (20世纪50年代的音乐家从节奏布鲁斯发展出摇滚乐，并受到年轻人的欢迎)”可知，在20世纪50年代摇滚乐受到年轻人的欢迎，故选A项。
42．推理判断题。根据文中的“from the Middle Ages to the present (从中世纪到现在)”，“at the beginning of last century. (在上世纪初)”，“in the 1940s. (1940年代)”及“in the 1960s   (在20世纪60年代)”等信息，再结合每段对每种音乐形式特点的解释可知，作者是按时间顺序和解释来介绍各种音乐形式的，故选B项。
43．主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段中的“Here are just a few well-known types. (这里只是一些众所周知的类型)”可知，本文主要介绍了六种音乐形式的特点以及它们形成的历史，故选D项。
44．D
45．B
46．C
47．A

【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了中国宇航人驾乘神舟十二号载人飞船成功进入太空，并开展了一系列创新性、突破性科学试验和空间应用任务的过程。
44．细节理解题。根据第二段“Nie and his team spent 92 days in space. (聂海胜和他的团队在太空呆了92天)”可知，中国宇航员们在太空停留了3个月，故选D项。
45．词句猜测题。根据第四段“During their stay with Tiangong, the taikonauts(中国宇航员)carried out two extravehicular activities, or spacewalks, using a large robotic arm and other equipment to install and adjust devices outside the station. (在天宫号太空旅行期间，几位中国宇航员进行了两次extravehicular活动，即太空行走，使用大型机械臂和其他设备在空间站外安装和调试设备。)”可知，这些活动是在太空舱外进行的，因此划线部分单词“extravehicular”意思相当于“在太空舱外”，故选B项。
46．推理判断题。根据最后一段““I believe with the continuous development of China`s comprehensive(综合的)strength and national science and technology level, there will be more taikonauts setting new records and pushing China`s space work to a new height,” said Nie Haisheng. (聂海胜说：“我相信，随着中国综合实力科技水平的不断发展，会有更多的宇航员创造新的记录，把中国的航天工作推向一个新的高度。”)”可知，中国的太空探索伟大尝试，还有很远的路要走，有更高更远的目标。故选C项。
47．推理判断题。根据第一段“On September 17, Nie Haisheng, Liu Boming and Tang Hongbo returned to Earth after completing China’s longest crewed space mission(任务). (9月17日，聂海胜、刘伯明和汤洪波完成中国最长的载人航天任务后返回地球。)”可知，这篇文章可能摘自杂志的太空宇航部分，故选A项。
48．D
49．B
50．C

【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了5首关于春天的中国古代诗歌，以及各位诗人相关信息。
48．细节理解题。根据文章标题“Five Ancient Chinese Poems about Spring (五首关于春天的中国古代诗歌)”可知，这些诗歌是关于春天的。故选D项。
49．细节理解题。根据第四首诗前两句“Fair Southern shore; With scenes I much adore (江南好，风景旧曾谙)”可知，白居易写的这首诗怀念了江南江边的江景，故此诗提及了延江的场景。故选B项。
50．细节理解题。根据每首诗作者名后括号里的出生和离世年份可知，孟浩然(689-740) 离世时51岁，杜甫(712-770) 离世时58岁，故可知，孟浩然并没有比其他诗人活的时间长，故选项C的表述有误。故选C项。
51．B
52．A
53．C
54．D

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。地球正面临着气候危机，但它也越来越绿了。根据一项新的研究，增长主要是由于中国和印度。NASA根据广泛的卫星图像进行的一项研究表明，这两个人口最多的国家也是绿色植物数量增长最大的原因。
51．细节理解题。根据第一自然段“A study by NASA, based on extensive satellite imagery, has revealed that the two countries with the world’s biggest populations are also responsible for the largest in- crease in green plants. (根据一项新的研究，这种增长主要是因为中国和印度。美国国家航空航天局根据大量卫星图像进行的一项研究表明，这两个世界上人口最多的国家也是绿色植物增长最多的国家。)”可知，中国和印度为地球日益绿化做出了贡献。故选B。
52．词义猜测题。根据最后一段“Rama Nemani, a researcher at NASA’s Ames Research Center, said in a statement, “When the greening of the Earth was first observed, we thought it was due to a warmer, wetter climate from the added carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, leading to more leaf growth in northern forests, for instance. (美国国家航空航天局艾姆斯研究中心的研究员拉玛·内曼尼在一份声明中表示，当我们第一次观察到地球变绿时，我们认为这是由于大气中二氧化碳的增加导致气候更加温暖、湿润，例如，导致北部森林的树叶生长更多。)”，联系上下文，it指代的是上文提及的the greening of the Earth。故选A。
53．主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，地球正面临着气候危机，但它也越来越绿了。根据一项新的研究，增长主要是由于中国和印度。NASA根据广泛的卫星图像进行的一项研究表明，这两个人口最多的国家也是绿色植物数量增长最大的原因。故C项“China and India are Making the Earth Greener”最能概括文章主旨。故选C。
54．推理判断题。根据文章第一在自然段“A study by NASA, based on extensive satellite imagery, has revealed that the two countries with the world’s biggest populations are also responsible for the largest in- crease in green plants. (根据一项新的研究，这种增长主要是因为中国和印度。美国国家航空航天局根据大量卫星图像进行的一项研究表明，这两个世界上人口最多的国家也是绿色植物增长最多的国家。)”可知，本文所述内容与环境有关。故最有可能在“Environment”栏读到本文。故选D。
55．B
56．C
57．A
58．D

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了Gertrude B.Elion的求学及令人印象深刻的职业生涯，并且介绍了她最终取得的成就。
55．细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“She attended senior high school and had, in her words, an unbelievable thirst for knowledge.”（她上了高中，并且用她的话来说，她有一种难以置信的求知欲。）可知，作为一名高中生，Elion有强烈的求知欲。故选B。
56．推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“Influenced by the death of her grandfather, who died of cancer, Elion entered Hunter College at the age of 15 and graduated in chemistry at the age of 19.”（受祖父死于癌症的影响，Elion15岁进入亨特学院，19岁毕业于化学专业。），结合后文她与Hitchings一起研究患病细胞的化学成分来制造药物的课程，之后或诺贝尔奖可以推断Elion选择在大学里学习化学的原因是：要创造药物去治疗疾病。故选C。
57．细节理解题。结合文章第一句“Born in New York in 1918, scientist Gertrude B. Elion had an impressive career”（1918年出生于纽约的科学家Gertrude B. Elion有着令人印象深刻的职业生涯），文章第三段第二句“At the age of 26, Elion was able to get a job at Burroughs Welcome, where she began a 40-year partnership with Dr. George H. Hitchings.”（26岁的时候，Elion在Burrough Welcome找到了一份工作，在那里她与George H.Hitchings博士建立了40年的合作关系。），可以推断Elion在1944年开始为Burroughs Welcome工作的。故选A。
58．主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“In 1988, Elion received the Nobel Prize for Medicine, together with George H. Hitchings and Sir James Black. She received other awards for her work, including the National Medal of Science in 1991, and that same year, she became the first woman to be absorbed into the National Inventors Hall of Fame. In 1997, she was awarded the Lemelson-MIT Lifetime Achievement Award.”（1988年，Elion与George H. Hitchings和Sir James Black一起获得诺贝尔医学奖。她因其工作获得了其他奖项，包括1991年的国家科学奖章，同年，她成为第一位进入国家发明家名人堂的女性。1997年，她被授予麻省理工学院莱默森终身成就奖。），可知在最后一段中，作者主要告诉我们关于Elion的荣誉。故选D。