高中英语高考2020高考英语一轮复习Unit1Greatscientists练习含解析新人教版必修

　Unit 1　Great scientists

Ⅰ.阅读理解

Steve Jobs,who passed away on October 5,2011,was an American computer enterpriser and inventor.He was co-founder,chairman,and CEO of Apple Corporation.Jobs also previously served as CEO of Pixar Animation Studios;he became a member of the board of directors of the Walt Disney Company in 2006,following the acquisition of Pixar by Disney.

In the late 1970s,Jobs—along with Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak,Mike Markkula and others—designed,developed,and marketed one of the first commercially successful lines of personal computers,the Apple Ⅱseries.In the early 1980s,Jobs was among the first to see the commercial potential of Xerox PARC’s mouse-driven graphical user interface(界面),which led to the creation of the Macintosh.After losing a power struggle with the board of directors in 1985,Jobs resigned from Apple and founded NeXT,a computer platform development company specializing in the higher-education and business markets.Apple’s 1996 buyout(收购)of NeXT brought Jobs back to the company he co-founded,and he served as its CEO from 1997 until August 2011.

In 1986,he acquired the computer graphics division of Lucasfilm Ltd,which was turned out as Pixar Animation Studios.He remained CEO and majority shareholder at 50.1 percent until its acquisition by the Walt Disney Company in 2006.Consequently,Jobs became Disney’s largest individual shareholder at 7 percent and a member of Disney’s Board of Directors.On August 24,2011,Jobs announced his resignation from his role as Apple’s CEO.

Jobs died in California at the age of 56,seven years after being diagnosed with cancer.At the time of his resignation,and after his death,he was widely described as a pioneer and genius—perhaps one of the foremost—in the field of business,innovation,and product design,and a man who had deeply changed the face of the modern world,revolutionized at least six different industries,and an “exemplar for all CEOs”.His death was widely mourned and considered a loss to the world by reviewers across the globe.

1.Why did Steve Jobs leave Apple Corporation in 1985?

A.He found it was hard to work with his partners.

B.He was defeated in the attempt of controlling Apple Corporation.

C.He wanted to found another company.

D.Apple Corporation would soon be defeated by another company.

2.We can know from this passage that 　　　. 

A.people think highly of Steve Jobs

B.Steve Jobs was CEO of Pixar Animation Studios in 2007

C.Steve Jobs retired at the age of 50 because of cancer

D.Steve Jobs is the Einstein of our times

3.What does the underlined word “exemplar” in the last paragraph mean?

A.companion  B.model  C.friend D.inventor

4.What is the best title of this passage?

A.Family of Steve Jobs B.Background of Steve Jobs

C.Life of Steve Jobs D.Death of Steve Jobs

语篇解读:本文介绍了史蒂夫·乔布斯的生平。他是苹果公司的前任首席运行官兼创办人之一,同时也被认为是计算机业界与娱乐业界的标志性人物。

答案及剖析:

1.B　细节理解题。根据第二段第三句可知,乔布斯离开苹果公司的原因是他在公司高层的权力斗争中失败。

2.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段可推断,人们对乔布斯的评价非常高。

3.B　猜测词义题。根据语境可知,此处指史蒂夫·乔布斯是所有总裁的典范。

4.C　主旨大意题。本文介绍了史蒂夫·乔布斯的生平。

Ⅱ.七选五

Get a Thorough Understanding of Oneself

In all one’s life time,it is oneself that one spends the most time being with or dealing with.1.　　 

When you are going upwards in life you tend to overestimate(高估) yourself.It seems that everything you seek for is within your reach.2.　　　 It’s likely that you think it wise for yourself to stay away from the outer world.Actually,to get a thorough understanding of yourself,you may as well keep the following tips in mind. 

Gain a correct view of yourself.You may look forward hopefully to the future but be sure not to expect too much,for dreams can never be fully realized.You may be courageous to meet challenges but it should be clear to you where to direct your efforts.3.　　 

Self-appreciate.Whether you compare yourself to a high mountain or a small stone,you represent a state of nature.4.　　　 If you earnestly(诚挚地) admire yourself you’ll have a real sense of self-appreciation. 

5.　　　 In time of anger,do yourself a favor by releasing(释放) it in a quiet place so that you won’t be hurt by its flames;in time of sadness,do yourself a favor by sharing it with your friends so as to change a bad mood into a cheerful one;in time of tiredness,do yourself a favor by getting a good sleep. 

Get a full control of your life.Having done so,you will find your life full of color and flavor.

A.It has its own value.

B.Do yourself a favor when it’s needed.

C.Do yourself a favor when you resist the attack of illness.

D.But it is precisely oneself that one has the least understanding of.

E.Especially if it is well within your reach,you are just too blind to see it.

F.When you are going downhill you tend to underestimate yourself.

G.So long as you have a perfect knowledge of yourself,there won’t be difficulties you can’t overcome.

答案:1-5　DFGAB

Ⅲ.完形填空

My mother was a giver.The occasion never 　   1   　 Christmas,birthdays,

anniversaries or no occasion at all. 

She was always thinking about who might 　2　 what.Creativity and 　3　 went into the gifts she gave,and she 　4　 a “thank you” note.Once she sent out a note to her own children and grandchildren who had not acknowledged gifts,　5　 that they were now on her “Fecal Roster(黑名单)” and would not be removed 　6　 she had received a proper “thank you”. 

Even if you didn’t 　7　 a “thank you”,she’d give you another gift the next 　8　 she had.She figured 　9　 manners were your problem,not hers. 

Every time Mom and Dad 　10　 to visit,all of us would gather in the driveway as they unloaded luggage.There was always something for the kids,　11　 a couple of little toys or a big 　12　 of homemade cookies.They weren’t gifts for particular occasions.They were 　13　 “Isn’t life great?” gifts. 

One spring when they came to visit,she handed me a 　14　 bag.Inside was a painting that 　15　:“A Special Daughter.You’ve 　16　 laughter and joy to our lives and so much love to our hearts.The most precious things we can 　17　 from you are the things you have given us—　18　 and Love.” 

Mom was a(n) 　19　 gift giver,but the best gifts we will always remember were her love for 　20　 and her love for us. 

1.A.mattered B.occurred C.varied D.arose

2.A.wonder B.praise C.enjoy D.approve

3.A.thoughtfulness B.sympathy C.justice D.authority

4.A.ignored B.appreciated C.promised D.resisted

5.A.assuming B.abusing C.stating D.correcting

6.A.once B.after C.when D.until

7.A.send B.purchase C.conduct D.obtain

8.A.time B.chance C.festival D.holiday

9.A.mistaken B.bad C.silly D.ridiculous

10.A.walked by B.wandered around C.drove over D.rode away

11.A.often B.almost C.never D.seldom

12.A.tank B.cage C.container  D.holder

13.A.fairly B.apparently C.especially D.simply

14.A.cookie B.toy C.hand D.gift

15.A.read B.told C.wrote D.appeared

16.A.showed B.awarded C.devoted D.brought

17.A.apply B.wish C.recommend D.ask

18.A.Assistance  B.Privilege  C.Happiness  D.Satisfaction

19.A.extreme B.serious C.grand  D.great

20.A.life B.kids C.families D.gifts

语篇解读:作者讲述了关于自己母亲的故事。作者的母亲经常通过赠送家人礼物来表达爱意,关于赠送什么样的礼物,母亲总是有自己的想法。

答案及剖析:

1.A　根据下文“Christmas,birthdays,anniversaries or no occasion at all”可知,作者的母亲赠送礼物时不分场合,任何场合都没有关系。

2.C　送什么样的礼物要根据别人的喜好,所以作者的母亲会想别人喜欢什么。

3.A　根据“She was always thinking about who might 　2　 what”可知,作者的母亲经常思考。 

4.B　此处是指作者的母亲非常赞赏收到礼物的人送来一张表示感谢的便条。

5.C　一旦收到礼物的那些孩子和孙子没有表示感谢,作者的母亲就会给他们发出一张纸条,说明他们现在在她的“黑名单”上。

6.D　作者的母亲将孩子们加入黑名单,只是为了提醒他们没有对收到礼物表达感谢。直到收到了表示感谢的便条,母亲才会将他们从黑名单上移出。

7.A　8.B　此处是指即使你没有送出表示感谢的纸条,下次有机会她还是会送你另一份

礼物。

9.B　得到礼物不回谢只能说是一种不礼貌的行为。bad manners “不礼貌”。

10.C　根据下文“all of us would gather in the driveway as they unloaded luggage”可知,他们是驾车过来看望我们。

11.A　此处对送给孩子们的东西进行了部分列举,由此可推测出这几样东西经常出现。

12.C　饼干应该是放在盒子之类的容器里的,故填container “容器”。

13.D　上文提到父母经常送给孩子们一些小礼物。这些礼物都是很简单的。

14.D　结合下文“Mom was a(n) 　19　 gift giver” 可知,这里指一个礼物袋。 

15.A　里面是一幅画,画上写着……此处是一个固定用法,read “写着”。

16.D　父母感谢作者为他们带来的欢声笑语……

17.B　18.C　父母希望从作者那里得到的最宝贵的东西就是幸福和爱。

19.D　通读全文可知,作者的母亲是一位极好的礼物赠送者。

20.A　根据语境可知,此处是指作者的母亲对生活的热爱。