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江苏省徐州市2021-2022学年高二下学期期中英语试题 Word版含解析
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这是一份江苏省徐州市2021-2022学年高二下学期期中英语试题 Word版含解析，共21页。
2021-2022学年度第二学期期中学业水平质量监测
高二英语试题
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号等信息填写在答题卡上。
2.用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1 Where will the woman probably go next?
A. To a store. B. To a gym. C. To her house.
2. What places would the man like to visit the most?
A. High mountains. B. Historical sites. C. Rain forests.
3. How many weeks of holiday does the man get this year?
A. One. B. Two. C. Three.
4. What is the main idea of the conversation?
A. Doing homework. B. Preparing a meal. C. Using a computer.
5. What do we know about the woman from the conversation?
A. She doesn’t know Chinese. B. She likes pandas very much. C. She is an ice sports lover.
第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What problem does the woman have?
A. She is hungry. B. She feels tired. C. She hurt her eyes.
7. What does the man offer to do?
A. Fix the computer. B. Take care of the kids. C. Make a meal.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题
8. What does the woman think of geography?
A. It is interesting. B. It is difficult. C. It is boring.
9. What day is it today?
A. Wednesday. B. Friday. C. Sunday.
10. What does the woman’s mom want her to study?
A. Law. B. Medicine. C. Engineering.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. House cleaner and customer. B. Mother and son. C. Friends.
12. How much does the man usually get per week?
A. $35. B. $30. C. $20.
13. What does the woman ask the man to do for her?
A. Collect the leaves. B. Cut the grass. C. Wash her car.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. At a clinic. B. At a school. C. At an office.
15. In what way is the man feeling unwell?
A. He has a bad headache. B. He has a stomachache. C. He has a skin problem.
16. Who recommended the man try traditional Chinese medicine?
A. His doctor. B. His friend. C. His mother.
17. What helped the woman improve her problems?
A. A special tea. B. A face wash. C. Some pills.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. Why is the flight put off?
A. The airplane’s engine is broken. B. The weather is terrible. C. The pilot is ill.
19. When will the flight most likely take off?
A. In a few hours. B. Next morning. C. In two days.
20. Who will make the next announcement?
A. A reception worker. B. The management director. C. The head of the airline’s office.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Hunting for a new job? Thankfully, your perfect workplace may be just a quick search away. Online job sites are valuable resources you can use to find available positions in all types of industries, from hourly wage workers to freelance or work-from-home gigs, administrative roles, mid-level management, executive positions, and more.
Linked In
·Price to join: Free
·Vip：$19.99/monthly or $9.99/mo, with a year commitment; one-month trial
·Ease of application: Medium
Linked In is, at its core, a business-centric social networking website. But this is precisely what gives it an advantage when it comes to searching for jobs. Your Linked In profile essentially acts as your resume, though you can also upload an actual resume as well or use the resume builder to create one to complement your profile.
Indeed
·Price to join: Free
·Ease of application: Easy
As the largest job site in the world, it’s no surprise that Indeed made this list. There are reportedly 10 new job listings added every second, with the site constantly being updated with new content and jobs across every industry and different lifestyles. From full-and part-time positions to freelance, work-from-home, and even internship opportunities, the options run the entire range.
Monster
·Price to join: Free
·Ease of application: Easy
Monster has become synonymous with job searches, with the company having been around since 1999 and the early days of the Internet. Today, Monster remains one of the top job search websites, with positions of all experience levels and work styles, from full-and part-time to freelance and temporary.
Career Builder
·Price to join: Free
·Ease of application: Medium
Career Builder isn’t as diverse as the others but offers jobs from a variety of companies and industries, all of which can be viewed by category in an alphabetized list. You can also see top searches to discover what types of jobs or companies candidates are most often looking at.
1. If you want to register a membership of Linked In annually, how much should you pay totally?
A. $19.99. B. $119.88. C. $9.99. D. $109.89.
2. What do Indeed and Monster have in common?
A. They offer more flexible work. B. They all focus on work experience.
C. They are constantly updated. D. They were both set up in the 1990s.
3. Which one can help us discover the job candidates’ favourite?
A. Linked In. B. Indeed. C. Monster. D. Career Builder.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几个在线求职网站。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Linked In部分“Vip：$19.99/monthly or $9.99/mo, with a year commitment; one-month trial”（$19.99/月或$9.99/月，承诺一年；一个月的试用）可知如果你想每年注册一次Linked In会员，你应该支付：9.99*12=$119.88。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Indeed部分内容“From full-and part-time positions to freelance, work-from-home, and even internship opportunities, the options run the entire range. ”（从全职和兼职到自由职业者、在家工作，甚至实习机会，这些选择涵盖了整个范围。）以及Monster 部分内容“Today, Monster remains one of the top job search websites, with positions of all experience levels and work styles, from full-and part-time to freelance and temporary. ”（如今，Monster仍然是顶级求职网站之一，拥有各种经验水平和工作风格的职位，从全职和兼职到自由职业者和临时工。）可知Indeed and Monster提供了更灵活的工作。故选A项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“You can also see top searches to discover what types of jobs or companies candidates are most often looking at.”（你还可以查看热门搜索，以发现求职者最常关注的工作或公司类型。）可知Career Builder帮助我们发现求职者的最爱。故选D项。
B
If a human can get a prosthetic limb(假肢), why not an animal? Easier said than done however, as while there is a tremendous amount of ongoing research for human prosthetics, there is hardly any for animals.
But this Jaipur-based veterinary surgeon did not want to wait around anymore. Dr Tapesh Mathur is credited with making the ‘Krishna Limb’, India’s first prosthetic limb for animals. Tapesh has been designing prosthetic limbs for animals since 2015 and to date, has helped 90 animals adapt to using a prosthetic. From design to production, Tapesh does all the work by himself at his home-workshop. He provides the artificial limbs for free.
Tapesh said, “I could not bear to see their (the cattle’s) pain . These animals could not voice their anxiety as humans can, but they feel the pain all the same. They waited helplessly for food or for someone to clean them. And I kept thinking if we can help humans walk again, why can’t something similar be done for these animals? Thus I began my research.”
Tapesh designed his first prosthetic limb for a two-year-old calf named Krishna, who learnt to walk using the limb.
Producing these prosthetic limbs wasn’t an easy task initially, and Tapesh required raw material, which was expensive. Polypropylene, which is used for manufacturing prosthetic limbs, is only supplied in quantity by suppliers, and Tapesh had to source it from Mumbai using his own savings.
Now, Tapesh designs various prosthetic limbs for different animals. “We generally work with cows, horses, and dogs, but have started receiving applications for other animals as well. Recently, we got a request for a limb for a pet parrot. We are still working on the design.”
There are certain steps involved in designing. First, Tapesh takes the necessary measurements, based on which the artificial limb is moulded. The real challenge comes when Tapesh has to visit animals living in remote areas as his patients often cannot be brought to him. Once the prosthetic limb is ready, Tapesh visits the animal and attaches it for free.
4. Why does the author ask a question at the beginning of the passage?
A. To ask for others’ favors.
B. To show the difficulty in making prosthetic limbs for animals.
C. To lay emphasis on the similarities between the two.
D. To arouse readers’ interest in the following topic.
5. What can we learn about Dr Tapesh Mathur from paragraph 2 ?
A. He has adopted about 90 animals.
B. He makes artificial limbs for animals out of curiosity.
C. He works with other doctors to produce prosthetic limbs.
D. He is the first Indian to make prosthetic limbs for animals.
6. How did Dr Tapesh Mathur get raw materials for prosthetic limbs?
A. By asking his friends for help. B. By buying them with his own money.
C. By borrowing them from companies. D. By turning to the government for help.
7. Which of the following can best describe Dr Tapesh Mathur ?
A. Selfish and quick-tempered. B. Confident and strong-willed.
C. Generous and kind-hearted. D. Honest and well-behaved.
【答案】4. D 5. D 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。介绍了斋普尔的兽医塔佩什·马瑟博士被誉为“克里希纳假肢”的创造者，这是印度第一个为动物设计的假肢。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“If a human can get a prosthetic limb(假肢), why not an animal? ”（如果人类都能装假肢，为什么动物不能?）可知，本文主要讲述的是设计动物假肢，所以作者在文章开头提出了一个问题目的是为了引起读者对以下话题的兴趣。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“But this Jaipur-based veterinary surgeon did not want to wait around anymore. Dr Tapesh Mathur is credited with making the ‘Krishna Limb’, India’s first prosthetic limb for animals. ”（但这位住在斋普尔的兽医不想再等下去了。塔佩什·马瑟博士被誉为“克里希纳假肢”的创造者，这是印度第一个为动物设计的假肢。）可知，他是第一个为动物制作义肢的印度人。故选D。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“Polypropylene, which is used for manufacturing prosthetic limbs, is only supplied in quantity by suppliers, and Tapesh had to source it from Mumbai using his own savings.”（用于制造假肢的聚丙烯只由供应商大量供应，塔佩什不得不用自己的积蓄从孟买采购。）可知，塔佩什·马瑟博士用自己的钱购买制作假肢的原材料。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“Polypropylene, which is used for manufacturing prosthetic limbs, is only supplied in quantity by suppliers, and Tapesh had to source it from Mumbai using his own savings.”（用于制造假肢的聚丙烯只由供应商大量供应，塔佩什不得不用自己的积蓄从孟买采购。）以及最后一段“Once the prosthetic limb is ready, Tapesh visits the animal and attaches it for free.”（一旦假肢准备好了，塔佩什就会去看望它，并免费为它安装假肢。）可知，塔佩什·马瑟博士慷慨和善良。故选C。
C
During the 2022 Winter Olympics, at the hotels in the competition area located in Yanqing District, Beijing, a smart robot “Coffee Master” with skilled tea brewing techniques became an eye-catching feature among the attending athletes. Besides it, other robots have carried out their duties in many unnoticed corners, supporting the event.
Following the Olympics success, the outstanding performance of Chinese-made robots at the global sports gala have attracted customers across the world, representing the country’s innovation ability while boosting Chinese people’s pride.
Many industry insiders believe that the Beijing Winter Olympics is an “accelerator” for the development of the robotics industry.
“In recent years, China’s robotics industry has made many technological advances. However, before the Winter Olympics, many customers had a wait-and-see attitude toward robot products,” Yang Rui, a director from Gaussian Robotics told the Global Times, noting that with Olympics success, a large number of foreign customers have come to cooperate with the company.
According to a report by CCID Consulting, a research institute under the MIIT, in 2020, the market demand for service robots in China saw explosive growth due to the epidemic, with the market size reaching 28.38 billion yuan ($3.7 billion), up 37.4 percent year-on-year. With an aging population and rising labor costs, domestic service robots enjoy huge demand potential with the market size expected to reach 75.18 billion yuan by 2023.
Wang Peng, assistant professor at the Gaoling School of Artificial Intelligence at the Renmin University of China, noted that domestic robot sensors and computing chips are still relying on imports, leading to elevated cost of the highly sophisticated robots.
“China’s robotics industry has seen booming development, but still has a long way to go,” Wang said.
8. What does the underlined word “accelerator” mean in the third paragraph?
A. Promotor. B. Inventor. C. Hunter. D. Turning.
9. Why does the author mention figures in para 5?
A. To present a fact. B. To make a prediction.
C. To support Yang’s opinion. D. To prove the robots success.
10. What is a direct result of the success of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics?
A. China’s robotics industry is having a great boom.
B. Domestic robot sensors can be produced independently.
C. The market demand for service robots in China grows rapidly.
D. Foreign customers prefer to cooperate with domestic robot company.
11. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A. China’s robotics techniques become eye catching in the world.
B. Robots’ functions in hotels during Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics
C. Robots make no difference to the success of Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics.
D. Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics contribute much to China’s robotics industry.
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. D 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了中国制造的机器人在2022冬奥会期间因出色的表现引起世界的瞩目，在未来的日子里，这种创新技术将会迎来蓬勃的发展。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段“Following the Olympics success, the outstanding performance of Chinese-made robots at the global sports gala have attracted customers across the world, representing the country’s innovation ability while boosting Chinese people’s pride.”（奥运会成功举办后，中国制造机器人在全球体育盛会上的出色表现吸引了世界各地的客户，代表了国家的创新能力，也提升了中国人的自豪感。）以及第四段“In recent years, China’s robotics industry has made many technological advances. However, before the Winter Olympics, many customers had a wait-and-see attitude toward robot products”（近年来，中国机器人产业取得了许多技术进步。然而，在冬奥会之前，许多客户对机器人产品持观望态度）可知，在冬奥会之后，世界各地对我国机器人的关注倍增，然后冬奥会之前，大家对此持观望态度，前后形成鲜明的对比，由此可知，冬奥会对我们的机器人产业产生了推动促进作用。选项A符合语意。故选A。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段““In recent years, China’s robotics industry has made many technological advances. However, before the Winter Olympics, many customers had a wait-and-see attitude toward robot products,” Yang Rui, a director from Gaussian Robotics told the Global Times, noting that with Olympics success, a large number of foreign customers have come to cooperate with the company.”（“近年来，中国机器人产业取得了许多技术进步。然而，在冬奥会之前，许多客户对机器人产品持观望态度，”高斯机器人公司的一名主管杨瑞告诉《环球时报》，他指出，随着奥运会的成功，大量外国客户已经来与该公司合作。）可知，由于冬奥会的推动，我国的机器人产业发展迅猛。以及第五段“According to a report by CCID Consulting, a research institute under the MIIT, in 2020, the market demand for service robots in China saw explosive growth due to the epidemic, with the market size reaching 28.38 billion yuan ($3.7 billion), up 37.4 percent year-on-year. With an aging population and rising labor costs, domestic service robots enjoy huge demand potential with the market size expected to reach 75.18 billion yuan by 2023.”（工信部下属研究机构赛迪咨询发布的一份报告显示，受疫情影响，2020年中国服务机器人市场需求出现爆炸性增长，市场规模达到283.8亿元(37亿美元)，同比增长37.4%。随着人口老龄化和劳动力成本的上升，家政服务机器人的需求潜力巨大，预计到2023年，市场规模将达到751.8亿元。）可知，这些数据表明市场对机器人的需求快速增长，以及今后市场潜力巨大。进一步验证了第四段中Yang对机器人产业发展的判断——即有了冬奥会的推动，机器人产业蓬勃发展。选项C符合语意，故选C。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段““In recent years, China’s robotics industry has made many technological advances. However, before the Winter Olympics, many customers had a wait-and-see attitude toward robot products,” Yang Rui, a director from Gaussian Robotics told the Global Times, noting that with Olympics success, a large number of foreign customers have come to cooperate with the company.” （“近年来，中国机器人产业取得了许多技术进步。然而，在冬奥会之前，许多客户对机器人产品持观望态度，”高斯机器人公司的一名主管杨瑞告诉《环球时报》，他指出，随着奥运会的成功，大量外国客户已经来与该公司合作。）可知，冬奥会之后大量的外国客户开始关注并与我国机器人技术公司开展合作。选项D符合语意。故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“During the 2022 Winter Olympics, at the hotels in the competition area located in Yanqing District, Beijing, a smart robot “Coffee Master” with skilled tea brewing techniques became an eye-catching feature among the attending athletes. Besides it, other robots have carried out their duties in many unnoticed corners, supporting the event.”（在2022年冬奥会期间，在位于北京延庆区比赛区域的酒店内，一台拥有娴熟泡茶技术的智能机器人“咖啡大师”成为参加冬奥会的运动员们的一大亮点。除此之外，其他机器人也在许多不为人所知的角落履行自己的职责，为比赛提供支持。）可知，机器人在冬奥会的出色表现引起世界瞩目。第二段“Following the Olympics success, the outstanding performance of Chinese-made robots at the global sports gala have attracted customers across the world”（奥运成功后，中国制造的机器人在全球体育盛会上的出色表现吸引了世界各地的客户），第三段“Many industry insiders believe that the Beijing Winter Olympics is an “accelerator” for the development of the robotics industry.”（许多业内人士认为，北京冬奥会是机器人产业发展的“加速器”。）以及第四段“Yang Rui, a director from Gaussian Robotics told the Global Times, noting that with Olympics success, a large number of foreign customers have come to cooperate with the company.”（高斯机器人公司的一名主管杨锐告诉《环球时报》，他指出，随着奥运会的成功，大量外国客户已经来与该公司合作。），以上内容均表明，在冬奥会的推动下，我国机器人产业迎来了蓬勃的发展。即文章在进一步说明冬奥会对机器人产业的推动作用。选项D符合语意。故选D。
D
What’s the difference between shame and guilt?These are emotions that we often mix up, but it turns out they’re quite different. When people feel shame, they feel bad about themselves: “I’m a bad person for having done this.” When people feel guilt, they feel bad not about the self, but about a specific behavior: “I did a bad thing.” And it’s a subtle distinction, but it turns out that it leads to very different motivations.
When people feel shame about “Who I am because I did a bad thing, I’m a horrible person,” there’s a sense of shrinking and being small, a sense of worthlessness and powerlessness. And when people feel shame, they want to hide. They want to sink into the floor and disappear. They minimize. They often blame other people. But what they don’t do, typically, is try to make things better.
When people feel guilt about a specific behavior —“I feel bad that I did that” — they’re focused on the behavior and the effects on other people, and that seems to push people in a much more constructive direction. People who feel guilt about a behavior without feeling shame about themselves are more likely to apologize, in some way, try to repair the harm that was done.
I think that just knowing the difference between the two is not enough, if you can identify when you feel shame and sort of do some double-checking, you know, “Is it really fair for me to feel like a bad person because I lost my temper with my kids today? Does that mean I’m a horrible parent? Or am I generally a good parent, but this was a bad day, and I did a bad thing and let me address that, reconnect with my child and think about ways to avoid that going forward,” instead of falling into shame, shame, shame. I think shame is such a selfish emotion. It’s all about me. It’s not about the person that I hurt. It’s, “Me, me, me, me, I’m a horrible person,” which takes the focus off of the person you’ve harmed.
12. What are shame and guilt thought of?
A. They are easy to figure out. B. They lead to different behavior.
C. They are called bad emotions. D. They are seen confusing things.
13. What will people do when they feel shame?
A. They dare to face anything. B. They refuse to make things better.
C. They feel bad about specific behavior. D. They tend to blame themselves.
14. What does the third paragraph mainly talk about ?
A. Results of feeling guilt. B. Ways of feeling guilt.
C. Causes of feeling guilt. D. Reflections of feeling guilt.
15. What is the author’s attitude to shame?
A. Favorable. B. Tolerant. C. Against. D. Unclear.
【答案】12 B 13. B 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者结合自己的经历讨论了羞愧和内疚这两种情绪的区别。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“And it’s a subtle distinction, but it turns out that it leads to very different motivations.”（这是一个微妙的区别，但事实证明，它导致了非常不同的动机）并结合第二、三段对感到羞愧和内疚的人的行为对比可知，羞愧和内疚导致了不同的行为，故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“And when people feel shame, they want to hide. They want to sink into the floor and disappear. They minimize. They often blame other people. But what they don’t do, typically, is try to make things better.”（当人们感到羞愧时，他们想隐藏起来。他们想钻进地板缝，让自己消失。他们经常责怪别人。但他们通常不会做的是努力让事情变得更好）可知，当人们感到羞愧时，他们拒绝让事情变得更好，故选B。
【14题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段内容，特别是“When people feel guilt about a specific behavior —‘I feel bad that I did that’ — they’re focused on the behavior and the effects on other people, and that seems to push people in a much more constructive direction.”(当人们对某一特定行为感到内疚时——“我为自己的行为感到难过”——他们会专注于该行为及其对他人的影响，这似乎会将人们推向一个更具建设性的方向)可知，该段主要讲的是感到内疚的结果，故选A。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“I think shame is such a selfish emotion. It’s all about me. It’s not about the person that I hurt.”（我认为羞愧是一种自私的情绪。都是关于自我的，而不是关于我伤害的那个人）可知，作者对羞愧持反对态度，故选C。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
People all around the world have enjoyed noodles for thousands of years. ____16____ People first started growing wheat and making flour in the Middle East around 10,000 years ago. But no one had ever found a prehistoric noodle —until 2002.
Archaeologists discovered an upside-down clay bowl in the ruins of an ancient Chinese village. ____17____ This “mummy” noodle was made from millet. Traders brought wheat to China about the time this ancient noodle was cooked.
Some people claim that Marco Polo brought pasta to Italy. The tale says that when he visited China, he tried noodles for the first time and liked them so much that he took the recipe home. ____18____ In fact, it was likely made up by an American magazine to try to get Americans to eat more pasta.
____19____ The oldest written mention of pasta outside China comes from the Middle East, about 1,600 years ago. The text describes how to eat dried noodles, a popular travel food in the Middle East and Central Asia. Dried noodles were perfect for long trips. ____20____ Some historians believe that dried noodles spread out from the Middle East or Central Asia. Traders packed their noodles and travelled to other parts of the world. Wherever they got the recipe, Italians were eating pasta long before Marco Polo.
So who REALLY invented noodles? We may never know—the history of noodles is as twisted as a bowl of spaghetti. But whoever invented them, we’re sure glad they did!
A. Who made the very first noodle?
B. But it is probably not true!
C. Who planted wheat first?
D. They were tasty, easy to carry, and never went bad.
E. When they lifted it, they found a 4,000-year-old noodle.
F. However, dried noodles have many disadvantages
G. So, if Marco Polo did not bring noodles to Italy, who did?
【答案】16. A 17. E 18. B 19. G 20. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了考古学家对于谁是第一个发明面条的人进行探索研究。
【16题详解】
根据前文“People all around the world have enjoyed noodles for thousands of years.(世界各地的人们吃面条已经有几千年的历史了。)”和后文“But no one had ever found a prehistoric noodle —until 2002.(但直到2002年，还没有人发现过史前面条。)”可知，这里为承上启下句，探讨第一个做面条的人。A选项“Who made the very first noodle?(第一个面条是谁做的?)”符合题意，故选A。
【17题详解】
根据前文“Archaeologists discovered an upside-down clay bowl in the ruins of an ancient Chinese village.(考古学家在中国一个古代村庄的废墟中发现了一个倒置的陶碗。)”以及后文“This “mummy” noodle was made from millet.(这种“木乃伊”面是用小米做的。)”可知，考古学家从这个倒置的陶碗中发现了“木乃伊”面。E选项“When they lifted it, they found a 4,000-year-old noodle.(当他们把它拿起来的时候，他们发现了一根有4000年历史的面条。)”符合题意，故选E。
【18题详解】
根据后文“In fact, it was likely made up by an American magazine to try to get Americans to eat more pasta.(事实上，这很可能是一家美国杂志为了让美国人多吃意大利面而编造的。)”中的In fact，可知，前文的说法是假的。B选项“But it is probably not true!(但这可能不是真的!)”符合题意，故选B。
【19题详解】
根据后文“Wherever they got the recipe, Italians were eating pasta long before Marco Polo.(无论在哪里，意大利人吃面食的时间早在马可·波罗之前。)”可知，本段是在探讨是谁将面条带到了意大利。G选项“So, if Marco Polo did not bring noodles to Italy, who did?(那么，如果不是马可·波罗把面条带到了意大利，那是谁呢?)”符合题意，故选G。
【20题详解】
根据前文“Dried noodles were perfect for long trips.(干面条是长途旅行的最佳选择。)”可知，本句是描述干面条作为长途旅行最佳选择的原因。D选项“They were tasty, easy to carry, and never went bad.(它们很好吃，便于携带，而且从不变质。)”符合题意，故选D。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I’d like to say that my journey to a little free seed library began because of my awareness of food systems’ inefficiencies, food ____21____, and the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the ability of folks to ____22____ resources.
I teach a university course on food systems and social justice. ____23____, I’ve always wished to have a little free library, a place for ____24____ to exchange books and ideas, to relax, and to build community. I’ve enjoyed and ____25____ from many little free libraries as a reader myself and as a mother ____26____ out books for my children, especially during the pandemic.
As my family and I ____27____ into our forever home in 2019, I was ____28____ at the opportunity to create a free library in this new place. I even imagined a rest area outside my home where people could sit and rest while ____29____.
A couple of weeks after we moved in, I found my neighbor ____30____ a little free library. As I smiled and congratulated her, my heart ____31____. It wouldn’t make sense to have two adjacent（相邻的） libraries; I knew that ____32____.
After the initial disappointment, I regained my ____33____. I wasn’t confident I could make it work. But now, as I ____34____ that I still needed my own style of sharing, the conditions were right for that old ____35____ to germinate（发芽）. It first sat on the back shelf of my mind and then slowly came to the front.
21. A. choice B. insecurity C. production D. supply
22. A. acquire B. purchase C. collect D. explore
23. A. Therefore B. Besides C. However D. Otherwise
24. A. children B. mothers C. folks D. teachers
25. A. returned B. suffered C. escaped D. benefited
26. A. cutting B. acting C. handing D. seeking
27. A. burst B. settled C. slipped D. jumped
28. A. excited B. pleased C. annoyed D. surprised
29. A. talking B. eating C. travelling D. reading
30. A. created B. managed C. needed D. sell
31. A. stopped B. sank C. raced D. failed
32. A. worriedly B. confidently C. immediately D. secretly
33. A. determination B. courage C. ability D. money
34. A. hoped B. promised C. acknowledged D. regretted
35. A. memory B. fact C. feeling D. idea
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. C 25. D 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. D 30. A 31. B 32. C 33. A 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要作者建立一个微型免费种子库的缘由和经历。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想说，我的免费种子库之旅之所以开始，是因为我意识到粮食系统效率低下、粮食不安全以及2019冠状病毒疾病大流行对人们获取资源能力的影响。A. choice选择；B. insecurity不安全；C. production生产；D. supply供应。由前文“food systems’ inefficiencies”可知，文章这里讲自己建立种子库缘由是食物不稳定，所以 food insecurity表“粮食不安全”符合文意。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A. acquire获得；B. purchase购买；C. collect 收集；D. explore探索。由前文“ the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic ”可知，文章这里主要讲疫情对人们“获取”资源的影响。故A选项。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我在大学教一门关于食品系统和社会公正的课程。然而，我一直希望有一个小小的免费图书馆，一个供人们交流书籍和想法、放松和建立社区的地方。A. Therefore因此；B. Besides除了；C. However然而；D. Otherwise否则。由后文“I’ve always wished to have a little free library”以及前文可知，前后两句为转折关系，However符合文意。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A. children儿童；B. mothers母亲；C. folks乡亲；D. teachers教师。由前文第一段“folks”可知，这里应表示一个供“人们”交流书籍和想法、放松和建立社区的地方。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一名读者和一名母亲，我享受并受益于许多小型免费图书馆，尤其是在疫情期间，我为我的孩子们寻找书籍。A. returned返回；B. suffered遭受；C. escaped逃脱；D. benefited受益。由前文“enjoyed”可知，作者很喜欢这样图书馆并“受益”很多。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A. cutting切割；B. acting行动；C. handing处理；D. seeking寻找。由前文“little free libraries ”可知，作为妈妈，我会为孩子在图书馆里“找”书。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：2019年，我和我的家人在我们永远的家里安顿下来，有机会在这个新地方创建一个免费图书馆，我感到非常激动。 A. burst爆裂；B. settled安居；C. slipped滑倒；D. jumped跳下。由后文“in this new place ”可知，我和家人们在新地方“定居”下来了。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A. excited兴奋的；B. pleased满意的；C. annoyed恼怒的；D. surprised惊讶的。由前文“I’ve always wished to have a little free library”可知，作者一直想建一个图书馆，所以对这有这机会很“兴奋”。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我甚至设想在我家外面有一个休息区，人们可以坐着休息，一边读书。A. talking交谈；B. eating吃；C. travelling旅行；D. reading阅读。由前文“a free library ”可知，人们可以在“读书”时坐在那里休息。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们搬进来几周后，我发现我的邻居创建了一个免费的小图书馆。A. created创建；B. managed管理；C. needed需要；D. sell出售。由后文“It wouldn’t make sense to have two adjacent libraries”可知，作者邻居已经“创建”了一个图书馆。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我微笑着祝贺她时，我的心沉了下去。A. stopped停止；B. sank沉没；C. raced比赛；D. failed失败。由后文““the initial disappointment””可知，邻居已经建立一个图书馆，作者不能再建立了，所以作者心“沉了下去”。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：有两个相邻的图书馆是没有意义的；我马上就知道了。A. worriedly担忧地；B. confidently自信地；C. immediately立即地；D. secretly秘密地。由前文“It wouldn’t make sense to have two adjacent libraries”可知，当作者看到邻居建了图书馆后，“马上”就知道作者自己不能再建了。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在最初的失望之后，我恢复了我的决心。A. determination决心；B. courage勇气；C. ability能力；D. money金钱。由前文“ to create a free library in this new place”可知，原本作者已经决定建一个图书馆，但失败了。现在又再次拥有这样的“决心”了。故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是现在，正如我承认的那样，我仍然需要我自己的分享方式，这种旧想法的萌芽条件已经成熟。 A. hoped希望；B. promised承诺；C. acknowledged承认；D. regretted后悔。由后文“I still needed my own style of sharing”可知，作者现在仍然想通过一种分享的方式来为大家服务，这点作者不得不“承认”。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A. memory记忆；B. fact事实；C. feeling感觉；D. idea想法。由前文“I’ve always wished to have a little free library”可知，为大众建立一个可以分享的地方，这是一个作者旧的“想法”。故选D项。
第二节 （共10小题；每小題1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Why achieving independence is essential when a person achieves adulthood？
Because you can get freedom through financial independence.Nothing compares ____36____ receiving that first pay packet and knowing that at last, you can begin to pay your way in the world. Having financial independence is an incredible feeling. It means that you don’t have to depend on ____37____(other) to pay for you. Knowing you are in control of your income and spending without restrictions ____38____(place) on you by others reduces stress and improves your feeling of satisfaction.
Additionally, because independence leads to personal improvement.When you are independent, you can lead ____39____ more free social life, pursue the career ____40____ you want, and undertake activities that appeal to you. No-one else will be trying to limit your ambition.You can meet new friends, try new things, and follow up on new ____41____ (opportunity). All of this will lead to you ____42____(grow) as a person, becoming ____43____(experienced), having a better understanding of the ways of the world, and becoming more knowledgeable.
If you see yourself in a positive light , then you ____44____ (have) greater belief in your abilities. When you can act independently, then you will become a mature adult with a positive attitude towards everything you do. This is ____45____ independence is important.
【答案】36. to##with
37. others 38. placed
39. a 40. that##which
41. opportunities
42. growing
43. more experienced
44. will have
45 why
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为什么当一个人成年后，获得独立是至关重要的。
【36题详解】
考查介词。句意：没有什么事情能比得上收到第一份工资单，然后知道你终于可以开始在这个世界上自己买单了。分析句意可知，此处用介词to与compare搭配，构成短语compare to/with表示“与……相比较”。故填to/with。
【37题详解】
考查代词。句意：这意味着你不必依靠别人来为你买单。分析句意再结合提示词可知，此处用代词others指代“其他人、别人”，符合语境。故填others。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：知道自己可以控制自己的收入和支出，而不受他人的限制，可以减轻压力，提高满足感。分析句式结构可知，空格处应该作后置定语，且place和restrictions是被动关系，故用提示词place的过去分词形式作后置定语表被动关系。故填placed。
【39题详解】
考查冠词。句意：当你独立后，你可以过更自由的社交生活，追求你想要的职业，参加你喜欢的活动。根据空格前的lead和空格后的life可知，此处用短语lead a…life表示“过上……的生活”，符合语境。故填a。
【40题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：同上。分析句式结构可知，此处是定语从句且从句中缺少宾语，所以用关系代词that/which来引导。故填that/which。
【41题详解】
考查名词。句意：你可以结识新朋友，尝试新事物，把握新机会。分析句意，再根据提示词可知，此处用名词的复数形式，表示很多“机会”，符合语境。故填opportunities。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：所有这些都会让你成长，变得更有经验，对世界的方式有更好的理解，变得更有知识。分析句式结构可知，此处用提示词的动名词形式与下文的having和becoming对应。故填growing。
【43题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：同上。根据下文的better understanding和 more knowledgeable可知，此处应该用提示词的比较级形式与下文对应。故填more experienced。
【44题详解】
考查一般将来时。句意：如果你从积极的角度看待自己，那么你就会对自己的能力更有信心。分析句式结构可知，此处是“主将从现”结构，即主句是一般将来时，If条件句中是用一般现在时表将来时。故填will have。
【45题详解】
考查表语从句。句意：这就是为什么独立很重要。分析句式结构可知，此处是表语从句，且从句中缺少原因状语，所以用连接副词why来引导。故填why。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，在英国伦敦留学，得知当地某自然环境保护区正在招募志愿者。请你给其负责人写一封自荐信，内容包括：1.目的；2.个人优势；3.表达期待。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version
Dear Sir/Madam,
I am Li Hua, a Chinese student studying biology in London. I’m glad to be informed that your natural reserve is looking for volunteers. I’m writing to apply for being one of them. As an environmentalist, I have been participating in many programs concerning environmental protection. In the meantime, I love animals very much and know how to take care of animals. By the way, I can speak fluent English, so I can communicate with others well. I’d appreciate it if I could have a chance to receive your approval.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一封自荐信应聘英国伦敦当地某自然环境保护区志愿者。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：glad →pleased
参加：participate in → take part in
照顾：take care of→care for/look after
机会：chance→ opportunity
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：As an environmentalist, I have been participating in many programs concerning environmental protection.
拓展句：As an environmentalist, I have been participating in many programs which are concerning environmental protection.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m glad to be informed that your natural reserve is looking for volunteers.(运用了that引导的宾语从句)
【高分句型2】I’d appreciate it if I could have a chance to receive your approval.(运用了if引导状语从句)
第二节（满分 25 分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Mrs. March has four daughters. They are Amy, Jo, Meg and Beth. Summer vacation came, and the girls wanted to relax and not do any housework.
“May we, Mother?” asked Meg, turning to Mrs. March, who sat nearby.
“You may try your experiment for a week and see how you like it. I think by Saturday night you will find that all play and no work is as bad as all work and no play.” said Mrs. March.
“Oh, dear, no! It will be wonderful, I’m sure,” said Meg eagerly.
The next morning, Meg did not appear till ten o'clock. The room seemed lonely and unclean as no one had done their duties that morning. Jo spent the morning on the river, and the afternoon reading. Beth spent the morning with her music, pleased that she had no dishes to wash. Amy sat down to draw flowers.
The second day, the third day... they repeated the same life.
Though Mrs. March did her daughters’ duties around the house, keeping home pleasant. It was astonishing what a strange and uncomfortable state the house was in with everyone “resting.” The days kept getting longer and longer, and the girls became upset more easily, quarreling quite a bit more often.
No one would admit that they were tired of the experiment, but by Friday night, they realized that they were glad the week was nearly over. Mrs. March then decided to finish off the experiment in an appropriate manner.
When they got up on Saturday morning, there was no fire in the kitchen, no breakfast in the dining room, and no mother anywhere to be seen.
“What has happened?” cried Jo in shock.
Meg ran upstairs and soon came back. “She says it’s been a hard week for her, so we mustn’t complain, but take care of ourselves.” said Meg.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Beth and Amy set the table, while Jo and Meg got breakfast…
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
“If you learn a bit of cooking, Jo and Meg. That is quite useful” said Mrs. March...
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version
Beth and Amy set the table, while Jo and Meg got breakfast. Fearing to ask advice, Jo and Meg did their best alone, and discovered that cooking, indeed, was a rather difficult task. They boiled the vegetables for too long, and was upset to see they were too soft. The bread burned black, the meat was tough, and rather difficult to cut, and the potatoes were not finished. After the ruined breakfast was finished, they walked out with the dessert proudly, and watched as each one tasted the creation. Unfortunately, none of them are satisfied with breakfast.
“If you learn a bit of cooking, Jo and Meg. That is quite useful” said Mrs. March. She added that the comfort of home depends on each doing her duties. The girl finally understood that when mother did their work, they did quite well, though they didn’t think they were very happy. “Don’t you feel that it is more pleasant to help one another to make home comfortable and lovely to us all?” “We do, Mother, we do!” cried the girls. “Then, you must take up your duties again tomorrow. I know they sometimes seem difficult, but they become easier with time.”
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲述了马奇太太有四个女儿，暑假来了，女孩们想放松一下，不做任何家务，马奇太太告诉女孩只玩不工作和只工作不玩一样糟糕，但女孩们不相信，马奇太太决定尝试一周的实验，向女孩们证明自己的说法。时间一天天过去，由于没有人做家务，房子处于一种令人不舒服的状态，女孩们的脾气也越来越差，她们渐渐厌倦了这种生活。当她们周六早上起床时，发现没有早餐，也看不到母亲，于是决定自己照顾好自己。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“贝丝和艾米摆好桌子，乔和梅格吃早餐。”可知，第一段可描写女孩们自己做的早餐怎么样。
②由第二段首句内容““如果你学一点烹饪，乔和梅格。那很有用。”马奇太太说。”可知，第二段可描写通过这件事，马奇太太是如何教育女孩们的及女孩们的感悟。
2.续写线索：准备早餐——吃早餐——女孩们对早餐并不满意——马奇太太教育女儿——女孩们明白道理
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.尽力而为：do one’s best/do everything in one’s power
②.完成：finish/complete
③.互相帮助：help one another/help each other
情绪类
①.沮丧的：upset/depressed
②.骄傲地：proudly/with pride
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Fearing to ask advice, Jo and Meg did their best alone, and discovered that cooking, indeed, was a rather difficult task. （由that引导的宾语从句，作discovered的宾语）
[高分句型2]. She added that the comfort of home depends on each doing her duties.（由that引导的宾语从句，作added的宾语）
听力答案：1-5 ABCBA 6-10 BCCAB 11-15 BCCBA 16-20 CABCA
2021-2022学年度第二学期期中学业水平质量监测
高二英语试题
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号等信息填写在答题卡上。
2.用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1 Where will the woman probably go next?
A. To a store. B. To a gym. C. To her house.
2. What places would the man like to visit the most?
A. High mountains. B. Historical sites. C. Rain forests.
3. How many weeks of holiday does the man get this year?
A. One. B. Two. C. Three.
4. What is the main idea of the conversation?
A. Doing homework. B. Preparing a meal. C. Using a computer.
5. What do we know about the woman from the conversation?
A. She doesn’t know Chinese. B. She likes pandas very much. C. She is an ice sports lover.
第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What problem does the woman have?
A. She is hungry. B. She feels tired. C. She hurt her eyes.
7. What does the man offer to do?
A. Fix the computer. B. Take care of the kids. C. Make a meal.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题
8. What does the woman think of geography?
A. It is interesting. B. It is difficult. C. It is boring.
9. What day is it today?
A. Wednesday. B. Friday. C. Sunday.
10. What does the woman’s mom want her to study?
A. Law. B. Medicine. C. Engineering.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. House cleaner and customer. B. Mother and son. C. Friends.
12. How much does the man usually get per week?
A. $35. B. $30. C. $20.
13. What does the woman ask the man to do for her?
A. Collect the leaves. B. Cut the grass. C. Wash her car.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. At a clinic. B. At a school. C. At an office.
15. In what way is the man feeling unwell?
A. He has a bad headache. B. He has a stomachache. C. He has a skin problem.
16. Who recommended the man try traditional Chinese medicine?
A. His doctor. B. His friend. C. His mother.
17. What helped the woman improve her problems?
A. A special tea. B. A face wash. C. Some pills.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. Why is the flight put off?
A. The airplane’s engine is broken. B. The weather is terrible. C. The pilot is ill.
19. When will the flight most likely take off?
A. In a few hours. B. Next morning. C. In two days.
20. Who will make the next announcement?
A. A reception worker. B. The management director. C. The head of the airline’s office.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Hunting for a new job? Thankfully, your perfect workplace may be just a quick search away. Online job sites are valuable resources you can use to find available positions in all types of industries, from hourly wage workers to freelance or work-from-home gigs, administrative roles, mid-level management, executive positions, and more.
Linked In
·Price to join: Free
·Vip：$19.99/monthly or $9.99/mo, with a year commitment; one-month trial
·Ease of application: Medium
Linked In is, at its core, a business-centric social networking website. But this is precisely what gives it an advantage when it comes to searching for jobs. Your Linked In profile essentially acts as your resume, though you can also upload an actual resume as well or use the resume builder to create one to complement your profile.
Indeed
·Price to join: Free
·Ease of application: Easy
As the largest job site in the world, it’s no surprise that Indeed made this list. There are reportedly 10 new job listings added every second, with the site constantly being updated with new content and jobs across every industry and different lifestyles. From full-and part-time positions to freelance, work-from-home, and even internship opportunities, the options run the entire range.
Monster
·Price to join: Free
·Ease of application: Easy
Monster has become synonymous with job searches, with the company having been around since 1999 and the early days of the Internet. Today, Monster remains one of the top job search websites, with positions of all experience levels and work styles, from full-and part-time to freelance and temporary.
Career Builder
·Price to join: Free
·Ease of application: Medium
Career Builder isn’t as diverse as the others but offers jobs from a variety of companies and industries, all of which can be viewed by category in an alphabetized list. You can also see top searches to discover what types of jobs or companies candidates are most often looking at.
1. If you want to register a membership of Linked In annually, how much should you pay totally?
A. $19.99. B. $119.88. C. $9.99. D. $109.89.
2. What do Indeed and Monster have in common?
A. They offer more flexible work. B. They all focus on work experience.
C. They are constantly updated. D. They were both set up in the 1990s.
3. Which one can help us discover the job candidates’ favourite?
A. Linked In. B. Indeed. C. Monster. D. Career Builder.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几个在线求职网站。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Linked In部分“Vip：$19.99/monthly or $9.99/mo, with a year commitment; one-month trial”（$19.99/月或$9.99/月，承诺一年；一个月的试用）可知如果你想每年注册一次Linked In会员，你应该支付：9.99*12=$119.88。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Indeed部分内容“From full-and part-time positions to freelance, work-from-home, and even internship opportunities, the options run the entire range. ”（从全职和兼职到自由职业者、在家工作，甚至实习机会，这些选择涵盖了整个范围。）以及Monster 部分内容“Today, Monster remains one of the top job search websites, with positions of all experience levels and work styles, from full-and part-time to freelance and temporary. ”（如今，Monster仍然是顶级求职网站之一，拥有各种经验水平和工作风格的职位，从全职和兼职到自由职业者和临时工。）可知Indeed and Monster提供了更灵活的工作。故选A项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“You can also see top searches to discover what types of jobs or companies candidates are most often looking at.”（你还可以查看热门搜索，以发现求职者最常关注的工作或公司类型。）可知Career Builder帮助我们发现求职者的最爱。故选D项。
B
If a human can get a prosthetic limb(假肢), why not an animal? Easier said than done however, as while there is a tremendous amount of ongoing research for human prosthetics, there is hardly any for animals.
But this Jaipur-based veterinary surgeon did not want to wait around anymore. Dr Tapesh Mathur is credited with making the ‘Krishna Limb’, India’s first prosthetic limb for animals. Tapesh has been designing prosthetic limbs for animals since 2015 and to date, has helped 90 animals adapt to using a prosthetic. From design to production, Tapesh does all the work by himself at his home-workshop. He provides the artificial limbs for free.
Tapesh said, “I could not bear to see their (the cattle’s) pain . These animals could not voice their anxiety as humans can, but they feel the pain all the same. They waited helplessly for food or for someone to clean them. And I kept thinking if we can help humans walk again, why can’t something similar be done for these animals? Thus I began my research.”
Tapesh designed his first prosthetic limb for a two-year-old calf named Krishna, who learnt to walk using the limb.
Producing these prosthetic limbs wasn’t an easy task initially, and Tapesh required raw material, which was expensive. Polypropylene, which is used for manufacturing prosthetic limbs, is only supplied in quantity by suppliers, and Tapesh had to source it from Mumbai using his own savings.
Now, Tapesh designs various prosthetic limbs for different animals. “We generally work with cows, horses, and dogs, but have started receiving applications for other animals as well. Recently, we got a request for a limb for a pet parrot. We are still working on the design.”
There are certain steps involved in designing. First, Tapesh takes the necessary measurements, based on which the artificial limb is moulded. The real challenge comes when Tapesh has to visit animals living in remote areas as his patients often cannot be brought to him. Once the prosthetic limb is ready, Tapesh visits the animal and attaches it for free.
4. Why does the author ask a question at the beginning of the passage?
A. To ask for others’ favors.
B. To show the difficulty in making prosthetic limbs for animals.
C. To lay emphasis on the similarities between the two.
D. To arouse readers’ interest in the following topic.
5. What can we learn about Dr Tapesh Mathur from paragraph 2 ?
A. He has adopted about 90 animals.
B. He makes artificial limbs for animals out of curiosity.
C. He works with other doctors to produce prosthetic limbs.
D. He is the first Indian to make prosthetic limbs for animals.
6. How did Dr Tapesh Mathur get raw materials for prosthetic limbs?
A. By asking his friends for help. B. By buying them with his own money.
C. By borrowing them from companies. D. By turning to the government for help.
7. Which of the following can best describe Dr Tapesh Mathur ?
A. Selfish and quick-tempered. B. Confident and strong-willed.
C. Generous and kind-hearted. D. Honest and well-behaved.
【答案】4. D 5. D 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。介绍了斋普尔的兽医塔佩什·马瑟博士被誉为“克里希纳假肢”的创造者，这是印度第一个为动物设计的假肢。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“If a human can get a prosthetic limb(假肢), why not an animal? ”（如果人类都能装假肢，为什么动物不能?）可知，本文主要讲述的是设计动物假肢，所以作者在文章开头提出了一个问题目的是为了引起读者对以下话题的兴趣。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“But this Jaipur-based veterinary surgeon did not want to wait around anymore. Dr Tapesh Mathur is credited with making the ‘Krishna Limb’, India’s first prosthetic limb for animals. ”（但这位住在斋普尔的兽医不想再等下去了。塔佩什·马瑟博士被誉为“克里希纳假肢”的创造者，这是印度第一个为动物设计的假肢。）可知，他是第一个为动物制作义肢的印度人。故选D。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“Polypropylene, which is used for manufacturing prosthetic limbs, is only supplied in quantity by suppliers, and Tapesh had to source it from Mumbai using his own savings.”（用于制造假肢的聚丙烯只由供应商大量供应，塔佩什不得不用自己的积蓄从孟买采购。）可知，塔佩什·马瑟博士用自己的钱购买制作假肢的原材料。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“Polypropylene, which is used for manufacturing prosthetic limbs, is only supplied in quantity by suppliers, and Tapesh had to source it from Mumbai using his own savings.”（用于制造假肢的聚丙烯只由供应商大量供应，塔佩什不得不用自己的积蓄从孟买采购。）以及最后一段“Once the prosthetic limb is ready, Tapesh visits the animal and attaches it for free.”（一旦假肢准备好了，塔佩什就会去看望它，并免费为它安装假肢。）可知，塔佩什·马瑟博士慷慨和善良。故选C。
C
During the 2022 Winter Olympics, at the hotels in the competition area located in Yanqing District, Beijing, a smart robot “Coffee Master” with skilled tea brewing techniques became an eye-catching feature among the attending athletes. Besides it, other robots have carried out their duties in many unnoticed corners, supporting the event.
Following the Olympics success, the outstanding performance of Chinese-made robots at the global sports gala have attracted customers across the world, representing the country’s innovation ability while boosting Chinese people’s pride.
Many industry insiders believe that the Beijing Winter Olympics is an “accelerator” for the development of the robotics industry.
“In recent years, China’s robotics industry has made many technological advances. However, before the Winter Olympics, many customers had a wait-and-see attitude toward robot products,” Yang Rui, a director from Gaussian Robotics told the Global Times, noting that with Olympics success, a large number of foreign customers have come to cooperate with the company.
According to a report by CCID Consulting, a research institute under the MIIT, in 2020, the market demand for service robots in China saw explosive growth due to the epidemic, with the market size reaching 28.38 billion yuan ($3.7 billion), up 37.4 percent year-on-year. With an aging population and rising labor costs, domestic service robots enjoy huge demand potential with the market size expected to reach 75.18 billion yuan by 2023.
Wang Peng, assistant professor at the Gaoling School of Artificial Intelligence at the Renmin University of China, noted that domestic robot sensors and computing chips are still relying on imports, leading to elevated cost of the highly sophisticated robots.
“China’s robotics industry has seen booming development, but still has a long way to go,” Wang said.
8. What does the underlined word “accelerator” mean in the third paragraph?
A. Promotor. B. Inventor. C. Hunter. D. Turning.
9. Why does the author mention figures in para 5?
A. To present a fact. B. To make a prediction.
C. To support Yang’s opinion. D. To prove the robots success.
10. What is a direct result of the success of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics?
A. China’s robotics industry is having a great boom.
B. Domestic robot sensors can be produced independently.
C. The market demand for service robots in China grows rapidly.
D. Foreign customers prefer to cooperate with domestic robot company.
11. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A. China’s robotics techniques become eye catching in the world.
B. Robots’ functions in hotels during Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics
C. Robots make no difference to the success of Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics.
D. Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics contribute much to China’s robotics industry.
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. D 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了中国制造的机器人在2022冬奥会期间因出色的表现引起世界的瞩目，在未来的日子里，这种创新技术将会迎来蓬勃的发展。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段“Following the Olympics success, the outstanding performance of Chinese-made robots at the global sports gala have attracted customers across the world, representing the country’s innovation ability while boosting Chinese people’s pride.”（奥运会成功举办后，中国制造机器人在全球体育盛会上的出色表现吸引了世界各地的客户，代表了国家的创新能力，也提升了中国人的自豪感。）以及第四段“In recent years, China’s robotics industry has made many technological advances. However, before the Winter Olympics, many customers had a wait-and-see attitude toward robot products”（近年来，中国机器人产业取得了许多技术进步。然而，在冬奥会之前，许多客户对机器人产品持观望态度）可知，在冬奥会之后，世界各地对我国机器人的关注倍增，然后冬奥会之前，大家对此持观望态度，前后形成鲜明的对比，由此可知，冬奥会对我们的机器人产业产生了推动促进作用。选项A符合语意。故选A。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段““In recent years, China’s robotics industry has made many technological advances. However, before the Winter Olympics, many customers had a wait-and-see attitude toward robot products,” Yang Rui, a director from Gaussian Robotics told the Global Times, noting that with Olympics success, a large number of foreign customers have come to cooperate with the company.”（“近年来，中国机器人产业取得了许多技术进步。然而，在冬奥会之前，许多客户对机器人产品持观望态度，”高斯机器人公司的一名主管杨瑞告诉《环球时报》，他指出，随着奥运会的成功，大量外国客户已经来与该公司合作。）可知，由于冬奥会的推动，我国的机器人产业发展迅猛。以及第五段“According to a report by CCID Consulting, a research institute under the MIIT, in 2020, the market demand for service robots in China saw explosive growth due to the epidemic, with the market size reaching 28.38 billion yuan ($3.7 billion), up 37.4 percent year-on-year. With an aging population and rising labor costs, domestic service robots enjoy huge demand potential with the market size expected to reach 75.18 billion yuan by 2023.”（工信部下属研究机构赛迪咨询发布的一份报告显示，受疫情影响，2020年中国服务机器人市场需求出现爆炸性增长，市场规模达到283.8亿元(37亿美元)，同比增长37.4%。随着人口老龄化和劳动力成本的上升，家政服务机器人的需求潜力巨大，预计到2023年，市场规模将达到751.8亿元。）可知，这些数据表明市场对机器人的需求快速增长，以及今后市场潜力巨大。进一步验证了第四段中Yang对机器人产业发展的判断——即有了冬奥会的推动，机器人产业蓬勃发展。选项C符合语意，故选C。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段““In recent years, China’s robotics industry has made many technological advances. However, before the Winter Olympics, many customers had a wait-and-see attitude toward robot products,” Yang Rui, a director from Gaussian Robotics told the Global Times, noting that with Olympics success, a large number of foreign customers have come to cooperate with the company.” （“近年来，中国机器人产业取得了许多技术进步。然而，在冬奥会之前，许多客户对机器人产品持观望态度，”高斯机器人公司的一名主管杨瑞告诉《环球时报》，他指出，随着奥运会的成功，大量外国客户已经来与该公司合作。）可知，冬奥会之后大量的外国客户开始关注并与我国机器人技术公司开展合作。选项D符合语意。故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“During the 2022 Winter Olympics, at the hotels in the competition area located in Yanqing District, Beijing, a smart robot “Coffee Master” with skilled tea brewing techniques became an eye-catching feature among the attending athletes. Besides it, other robots have carried out their duties in many unnoticed corners, supporting the event.”（在2022年冬奥会期间，在位于北京延庆区比赛区域的酒店内，一台拥有娴熟泡茶技术的智能机器人“咖啡大师”成为参加冬奥会的运动员们的一大亮点。除此之外，其他机器人也在许多不为人所知的角落履行自己的职责，为比赛提供支持。）可知，机器人在冬奥会的出色表现引起世界瞩目。第二段“Following the Olympics success, the outstanding performance of Chinese-made robots at the global sports gala have attracted customers across the world”（奥运成功后，中国制造的机器人在全球体育盛会上的出色表现吸引了世界各地的客户），第三段“Many industry insiders believe that the Beijing Winter Olympics is an “accelerator” for the development of the robotics industry.”（许多业内人士认为，北京冬奥会是机器人产业发展的“加速器”。）以及第四段“Yang Rui, a director from Gaussian Robotics told the Global Times, noting that with Olympics success, a large number of foreign customers have come to cooperate with the company.”（高斯机器人公司的一名主管杨锐告诉《环球时报》，他指出，随着奥运会的成功，大量外国客户已经来与该公司合作。），以上内容均表明，在冬奥会的推动下，我国机器人产业迎来了蓬勃的发展。即文章在进一步说明冬奥会对机器人产业的推动作用。选项D符合语意。故选D。
D
What’s the difference between shame and guilt?These are emotions that we often mix up, but it turns out they’re quite different. When people feel shame, they feel bad about themselves: “I’m a bad person for having done this.” When people feel guilt, they feel bad not about the self, but about a specific behavior: “I did a bad thing.” And it’s a subtle distinction, but it turns out that it leads to very different motivations.
When people feel shame about “Who I am because I did a bad thing, I’m a horrible person,” there’s a sense of shrinking and being small, a sense of worthlessness and powerlessness. And when people feel shame, they want to hide. They want to sink into the floor and disappear. They minimize. They often blame other people. But what they don’t do, typically, is try to make things better.
When people feel guilt about a specific behavior —“I feel bad that I did that” — they’re focused on the behavior and the effects on other people, and that seems to push people in a much more constructive direction. People who feel guilt about a behavior without feeling shame about themselves are more likely to apologize, in some way, try to repair the harm that was done.
I think that just knowing the difference between the two is not enough, if you can identify when you feel shame and sort of do some double-checking, you know, “Is it really fair for me to feel like a bad person because I lost my temper with my kids today? Does that mean I’m a horrible parent? Or am I generally a good parent, but this was a bad day, and I did a bad thing and let me address that, reconnect with my child and think about ways to avoid that going forward,” instead of falling into shame, shame, shame. I think shame is such a selfish emotion. It’s all about me. It’s not about the person that I hurt. It’s, “Me, me, me, me, I’m a horrible person,” which takes the focus off of the person you’ve harmed.
12. What are shame and guilt thought of?
A. They are easy to figure out. B. They lead to different behavior.
C. They are called bad emotions. D. They are seen confusing things.
13. What will people do when they feel shame?
A. They dare to face anything. B. They refuse to make things better.
C. They feel bad about specific behavior. D. They tend to blame themselves.
14. What does the third paragraph mainly talk about ?
A. Results of feeling guilt. B. Ways of feeling guilt.
C. Causes of feeling guilt. D. Reflections of feeling guilt.
15. What is the author’s attitude to shame?
A. Favorable. B. Tolerant. C. Against. D. Unclear.
【答案】12 B 13. B 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者结合自己的经历讨论了羞愧和内疚这两种情绪的区别。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“And it’s a subtle distinction, but it turns out that it leads to very different motivations.”（这是一个微妙的区别，但事实证明，它导致了非常不同的动机）并结合第二、三段对感到羞愧和内疚的人的行为对比可知，羞愧和内疚导致了不同的行为，故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“And when people feel shame, they want to hide. They want to sink into the floor and disappear. They minimize. They often blame other people. But what they don’t do, typically, is try to make things better.”（当人们感到羞愧时，他们想隐藏起来。他们想钻进地板缝，让自己消失。他们经常责怪别人。但他们通常不会做的是努力让事情变得更好）可知，当人们感到羞愧时，他们拒绝让事情变得更好，故选B。
【14题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段内容，特别是“When people feel guilt about a specific behavior —‘I feel bad that I did that’ — they’re focused on the behavior and the effects on other people, and that seems to push people in a much more constructive direction.”(当人们对某一特定行为感到内疚时——“我为自己的行为感到难过”——他们会专注于该行为及其对他人的影响，这似乎会将人们推向一个更具建设性的方向)可知，该段主要讲的是感到内疚的结果，故选A。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“I think shame is such a selfish emotion. It’s all about me. It’s not about the person that I hurt.”（我认为羞愧是一种自私的情绪。都是关于自我的，而不是关于我伤害的那个人）可知，作者对羞愧持反对态度，故选C。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
People all around the world have enjoyed noodles for thousands of years. ____16____ People first started growing wheat and making flour in the Middle East around 10,000 years ago. But no one had ever found a prehistoric noodle —until 2002.
Archaeologists discovered an upside-down clay bowl in the ruins of an ancient Chinese village. ____17____ This “mummy” noodle was made from millet. Traders brought wheat to China about the time this ancient noodle was cooked.
Some people claim that Marco Polo brought pasta to Italy. The tale says that when he visited China, he tried noodles for the first time and liked them so much that he took the recipe home. ____18____ In fact, it was likely made up by an American magazine to try to get Americans to eat more pasta.
____19____ The oldest written mention of pasta outside China comes from the Middle East, about 1,600 years ago. The text describes how to eat dried noodles, a popular travel food in the Middle East and Central Asia. Dried noodles were perfect for long trips. ____20____ Some historians believe that dried noodles spread out from the Middle East or Central Asia. Traders packed their noodles and travelled to other parts of the world. Wherever they got the recipe, Italians were eating pasta long before Marco Polo.
So who REALLY invented noodles? We may never know—the history of noodles is as twisted as a bowl of spaghetti. But whoever invented them, we’re sure glad they did!
A. Who made the very first noodle?
B. But it is probably not true!
C. Who planted wheat first?
D. They were tasty, easy to carry, and never went bad.
E. When they lifted it, they found a 4,000-year-old noodle.
F. However, dried noodles have many disadvantages
G. So, if Marco Polo did not bring noodles to Italy, who did?
【答案】16. A 17. E 18. B 19. G 20. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了考古学家对于谁是第一个发明面条的人进行探索研究。
【16题详解】
根据前文“People all around the world have enjoyed noodles for thousands of years.(世界各地的人们吃面条已经有几千年的历史了。)”和后文“But no one had ever found a prehistoric noodle —until 2002.(但直到2002年，还没有人发现过史前面条。)”可知，这里为承上启下句，探讨第一个做面条的人。A选项“Who made the very first noodle?(第一个面条是谁做的?)”符合题意，故选A。
【17题详解】
根据前文“Archaeologists discovered an upside-down clay bowl in the ruins of an ancient Chinese village.(考古学家在中国一个古代村庄的废墟中发现了一个倒置的陶碗。)”以及后文“This “mummy” noodle was made from millet.(这种“木乃伊”面是用小米做的。)”可知，考古学家从这个倒置的陶碗中发现了“木乃伊”面。E选项“When they lifted it, they found a 4,000-year-old noodle.(当他们把它拿起来的时候，他们发现了一根有4000年历史的面条。)”符合题意，故选E。
【18题详解】
根据后文“In fact, it was likely made up by an American magazine to try to get Americans to eat more pasta.(事实上，这很可能是一家美国杂志为了让美国人多吃意大利面而编造的。)”中的In fact，可知，前文的说法是假的。B选项“But it is probably not true!(但这可能不是真的!)”符合题意，故选B。
【19题详解】
根据后文“Wherever they got the recipe, Italians were eating pasta long before Marco Polo.(无论在哪里，意大利人吃面食的时间早在马可·波罗之前。)”可知，本段是在探讨是谁将面条带到了意大利。G选项“So, if Marco Polo did not bring noodles to Italy, who did?(那么，如果不是马可·波罗把面条带到了意大利，那是谁呢?)”符合题意，故选G。
【20题详解】
根据前文“Dried noodles were perfect for long trips.(干面条是长途旅行的最佳选择。)”可知，本句是描述干面条作为长途旅行最佳选择的原因。D选项“They were tasty, easy to carry, and never went bad.(它们很好吃，便于携带，而且从不变质。)”符合题意，故选D。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I’d like to say that my journey to a little free seed library began because of my awareness of food systems’ inefficiencies, food ____21____, and the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the ability of folks to ____22____ resources.
I teach a university course on food systems and social justice. ____23____, I’ve always wished to have a little free library, a place for ____24____ to exchange books and ideas, to relax, and to build community. I’ve enjoyed and ____25____ from many little free libraries as a reader myself and as a mother ____26____ out books for my children, especially during the pandemic.
As my family and I ____27____ into our forever home in 2019, I was ____28____ at the opportunity to create a free library in this new place. I even imagined a rest area outside my home where people could sit and rest while ____29____.
A couple of weeks after we moved in, I found my neighbor ____30____ a little free library. As I smiled and congratulated her, my heart ____31____. It wouldn’t make sense to have two adjacent（相邻的） libraries; I knew that ____32____.
After the initial disappointment, I regained my ____33____. I wasn’t confident I could make it work. But now, as I ____34____ that I still needed my own style of sharing, the conditions were right for that old ____35____ to germinate（发芽）. It first sat on the back shelf of my mind and then slowly came to the front.
21. A. choice B. insecurity C. production D. supply
22. A. acquire B. purchase C. collect D. explore
23. A. Therefore B. Besides C. However D. Otherwise
24. A. children B. mothers C. folks D. teachers
25. A. returned B. suffered C. escaped D. benefited
26. A. cutting B. acting C. handing D. seeking
27. A. burst B. settled C. slipped D. jumped
28. A. excited B. pleased C. annoyed D. surprised
29. A. talking B. eating C. travelling D. reading
30. A. created B. managed C. needed D. sell
31. A. stopped B. sank C. raced D. failed
32. A. worriedly B. confidently C. immediately D. secretly
33. A. determination B. courage C. ability D. money
34. A. hoped B. promised C. acknowledged D. regretted
35. A. memory B. fact C. feeling D. idea
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. C 25. D 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. D 30. A 31. B 32. C 33. A 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要作者建立一个微型免费种子库的缘由和经历。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想说，我的免费种子库之旅之所以开始，是因为我意识到粮食系统效率低下、粮食不安全以及2019冠状病毒疾病大流行对人们获取资源能力的影响。A. choice选择；B. insecurity不安全；C. production生产；D. supply供应。由前文“food systems’ inefficiencies”可知，文章这里讲自己建立种子库缘由是食物不稳定，所以 food insecurity表“粮食不安全”符合文意。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A. acquire获得；B. purchase购买；C. collect 收集；D. explore探索。由前文“ the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic ”可知，文章这里主要讲疫情对人们“获取”资源的影响。故A选项。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我在大学教一门关于食品系统和社会公正的课程。然而，我一直希望有一个小小的免费图书馆，一个供人们交流书籍和想法、放松和建立社区的地方。A. Therefore因此；B. Besides除了；C. However然而；D. Otherwise否则。由后文“I’ve always wished to have a little free library”以及前文可知，前后两句为转折关系，However符合文意。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A. children儿童；B. mothers母亲；C. folks乡亲；D. teachers教师。由前文第一段“folks”可知，这里应表示一个供“人们”交流书籍和想法、放松和建立社区的地方。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一名读者和一名母亲，我享受并受益于许多小型免费图书馆，尤其是在疫情期间，我为我的孩子们寻找书籍。A. returned返回；B. suffered遭受；C. escaped逃脱；D. benefited受益。由前文“enjoyed”可知，作者很喜欢这样图书馆并“受益”很多。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A. cutting切割；B. acting行动；C. handing处理；D. seeking寻找。由前文“little free libraries ”可知，作为妈妈，我会为孩子在图书馆里“找”书。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：2019年，我和我的家人在我们永远的家里安顿下来，有机会在这个新地方创建一个免费图书馆，我感到非常激动。 A. burst爆裂；B. settled安居；C. slipped滑倒；D. jumped跳下。由后文“in this new place ”可知，我和家人们在新地方“定居”下来了。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A. excited兴奋的；B. pleased满意的；C. annoyed恼怒的；D. surprised惊讶的。由前文“I’ve always wished to have a little free library”可知，作者一直想建一个图书馆，所以对这有这机会很“兴奋”。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我甚至设想在我家外面有一个休息区，人们可以坐着休息，一边读书。A. talking交谈；B. eating吃；C. travelling旅行；D. reading阅读。由前文“a free library ”可知，人们可以在“读书”时坐在那里休息。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们搬进来几周后，我发现我的邻居创建了一个免费的小图书馆。A. created创建；B. managed管理；C. needed需要；D. sell出售。由后文“It wouldn’t make sense to have two adjacent libraries”可知，作者邻居已经“创建”了一个图书馆。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我微笑着祝贺她时，我的心沉了下去。A. stopped停止；B. sank沉没；C. raced比赛；D. failed失败。由后文““the initial disappointment””可知，邻居已经建立一个图书馆，作者不能再建立了，所以作者心“沉了下去”。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：有两个相邻的图书馆是没有意义的；我马上就知道了。A. worriedly担忧地；B. confidently自信地；C. immediately立即地；D. secretly秘密地。由前文“It wouldn’t make sense to have two adjacent libraries”可知，当作者看到邻居建了图书馆后，“马上”就知道作者自己不能再建了。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在最初的失望之后，我恢复了我的决心。A. determination决心；B. courage勇气；C. ability能力；D. money金钱。由前文“ to create a free library in this new place”可知，原本作者已经决定建一个图书馆，但失败了。现在又再次拥有这样的“决心”了。故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是现在，正如我承认的那样，我仍然需要我自己的分享方式，这种旧想法的萌芽条件已经成熟。 A. hoped希望；B. promised承诺；C. acknowledged承认；D. regretted后悔。由后文“I still needed my own style of sharing”可知，作者现在仍然想通过一种分享的方式来为大家服务，这点作者不得不“承认”。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A. memory记忆；B. fact事实；C. feeling感觉；D. idea想法。由前文“I’ve always wished to have a little free library”可知，为大众建立一个可以分享的地方，这是一个作者旧的“想法”。故选D项。
第二节 （共10小题；每小題1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Why achieving independence is essential when a person achieves adulthood？
Because you can get freedom through financial independence.Nothing compares ____36____ receiving that first pay packet and knowing that at last, you can begin to pay your way in the world. Having financial independence is an incredible feeling. It means that you don’t have to depend on ____37____(other) to pay for you. Knowing you are in control of your income and spending without restrictions ____38____(place) on you by others reduces stress and improves your feeling of satisfaction.
Additionally, because independence leads to personal improvement.When you are independent, you can lead ____39____ more free social life, pursue the career ____40____ you want, and undertake activities that appeal to you. No-one else will be trying to limit your ambition.You can meet new friends, try new things, and follow up on new ____41____ (opportunity). All of this will lead to you ____42____(grow) as a person, becoming ____43____(experienced), having a better understanding of the ways of the world, and becoming more knowledgeable.
If you see yourself in a positive light , then you ____44____ (have) greater belief in your abilities. When you can act independently, then you will become a mature adult with a positive attitude towards everything you do. This is ____45____ independence is important.
【答案】36. to##with
37. others 38. placed
39. a 40. that##which
41. opportunities
42. growing
43. more experienced
44. will have
45 why
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为什么当一个人成年后，获得独立是至关重要的。
【36题详解】
考查介词。句意：没有什么事情能比得上收到第一份工资单，然后知道你终于可以开始在这个世界上自己买单了。分析句意可知，此处用介词to与compare搭配，构成短语compare to/with表示“与……相比较”。故填to/with。
【37题详解】
考查代词。句意：这意味着你不必依靠别人来为你买单。分析句意再结合提示词可知，此处用代词others指代“其他人、别人”，符合语境。故填others。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：知道自己可以控制自己的收入和支出，而不受他人的限制，可以减轻压力，提高满足感。分析句式结构可知，空格处应该作后置定语，且place和restrictions是被动关系，故用提示词place的过去分词形式作后置定语表被动关系。故填placed。
【39题详解】
考查冠词。句意：当你独立后，你可以过更自由的社交生活，追求你想要的职业，参加你喜欢的活动。根据空格前的lead和空格后的life可知，此处用短语lead a…life表示“过上……的生活”，符合语境。故填a。
【40题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：同上。分析句式结构可知，此处是定语从句且从句中缺少宾语，所以用关系代词that/which来引导。故填that/which。
【41题详解】
考查名词。句意：你可以结识新朋友，尝试新事物，把握新机会。分析句意，再根据提示词可知，此处用名词的复数形式，表示很多“机会”，符合语境。故填opportunities。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：所有这些都会让你成长，变得更有经验，对世界的方式有更好的理解，变得更有知识。分析句式结构可知，此处用提示词的动名词形式与下文的having和becoming对应。故填growing。
【43题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：同上。根据下文的better understanding和 more knowledgeable可知，此处应该用提示词的比较级形式与下文对应。故填more experienced。
【44题详解】
考查一般将来时。句意：如果你从积极的角度看待自己，那么你就会对自己的能力更有信心。分析句式结构可知，此处是“主将从现”结构，即主句是一般将来时，If条件句中是用一般现在时表将来时。故填will have。
【45题详解】
考查表语从句。句意：这就是为什么独立很重要。分析句式结构可知，此处是表语从句，且从句中缺少原因状语，所以用连接副词why来引导。故填why。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，在英国伦敦留学，得知当地某自然环境保护区正在招募志愿者。请你给其负责人写一封自荐信，内容包括：1.目的；2.个人优势；3.表达期待。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version
Dear Sir/Madam,
I am Li Hua, a Chinese student studying biology in London. I’m glad to be informed that your natural reserve is looking for volunteers. I’m writing to apply for being one of them. As an environmentalist, I have been participating in many programs concerning environmental protection. In the meantime, I love animals very much and know how to take care of animals. By the way, I can speak fluent English, so I can communicate with others well. I’d appreciate it if I could have a chance to receive your approval.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一封自荐信应聘英国伦敦当地某自然环境保护区志愿者。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：glad →pleased
参加：participate in → take part in
照顾：take care of→care for/look after
机会：chance→ opportunity
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：As an environmentalist, I have been participating in many programs concerning environmental protection.
拓展句：As an environmentalist, I have been participating in many programs which are concerning environmental protection.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m glad to be informed that your natural reserve is looking for volunteers.(运用了that引导的宾语从句)
【高分句型2】I’d appreciate it if I could have a chance to receive your approval.(运用了if引导状语从句)
第二节（满分 25 分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Mrs. March has four daughters. They are Amy, Jo, Meg and Beth. Summer vacation came, and the girls wanted to relax and not do any housework.
“May we, Mother?” asked Meg, turning to Mrs. March, who sat nearby.
“You may try your experiment for a week and see how you like it. I think by Saturday night you will find that all play and no work is as bad as all work and no play.” said Mrs. March.
“Oh, dear, no! It will be wonderful, I’m sure,” said Meg eagerly.
The next morning, Meg did not appear till ten o'clock. The room seemed lonely and unclean as no one had done their duties that morning. Jo spent the morning on the river, and the afternoon reading. Beth spent the morning with her music, pleased that she had no dishes to wash. Amy sat down to draw flowers.
The second day, the third day... they repeated the same life.
Though Mrs. March did her daughters’ duties around the house, keeping home pleasant. It was astonishing what a strange and uncomfortable state the house was in with everyone “resting.” The days kept getting longer and longer, and the girls became upset more easily, quarreling quite a bit more often.
No one would admit that they were tired of the experiment, but by Friday night, they realized that they were glad the week was nearly over. Mrs. March then decided to finish off the experiment in an appropriate manner.
When they got up on Saturday morning, there was no fire in the kitchen, no breakfast in the dining room, and no mother anywhere to be seen.
“What has happened?” cried Jo in shock.
Meg ran upstairs and soon came back. “She says it’s been a hard week for her, so we mustn’t complain, but take care of ourselves.” said Meg.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Beth and Amy set the table, while Jo and Meg got breakfast…
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
“If you learn a bit of cooking, Jo and Meg. That is quite useful” said Mrs. March...
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version
Beth and Amy set the table, while Jo and Meg got breakfast. Fearing to ask advice, Jo and Meg did their best alone, and discovered that cooking, indeed, was a rather difficult task. They boiled the vegetables for too long, and was upset to see they were too soft. The bread burned black, the meat was tough, and rather difficult to cut, and the potatoes were not finished. After the ruined breakfast was finished, they walked out with the dessert proudly, and watched as each one tasted the creation. Unfortunately, none of them are satisfied with breakfast.
“If you learn a bit of cooking, Jo and Meg. That is quite useful” said Mrs. March. She added that the comfort of home depends on each doing her duties. The girl finally understood that when mother did their work, they did quite well, though they didn’t think they were very happy. “Don’t you feel that it is more pleasant to help one another to make home comfortable and lovely to us all?” “We do, Mother, we do!” cried the girls. “Then, you must take up your duties again tomorrow. I know they sometimes seem difficult, but they become easier with time.”
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲述了马奇太太有四个女儿，暑假来了，女孩们想放松一下，不做任何家务，马奇太太告诉女孩只玩不工作和只工作不玩一样糟糕，但女孩们不相信，马奇太太决定尝试一周的实验，向女孩们证明自己的说法。时间一天天过去，由于没有人做家务，房子处于一种令人不舒服的状态，女孩们的脾气也越来越差，她们渐渐厌倦了这种生活。当她们周六早上起床时，发现没有早餐，也看不到母亲，于是决定自己照顾好自己。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“贝丝和艾米摆好桌子，乔和梅格吃早餐。”可知，第一段可描写女孩们自己做的早餐怎么样。
②由第二段首句内容““如果你学一点烹饪，乔和梅格。那很有用。”马奇太太说。”可知，第二段可描写通过这件事，马奇太太是如何教育女孩们的及女孩们的感悟。
2.续写线索：准备早餐——吃早餐——女孩们对早餐并不满意——马奇太太教育女儿——女孩们明白道理
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.尽力而为：do one’s best/do everything in one’s power
②.完成：finish/complete
③.互相帮助：help one another/help each other
情绪类
①.沮丧的：upset/depressed
②.骄傲地：proudly/with pride
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Fearing to ask advice, Jo and Meg did their best alone, and discovered that cooking, indeed, was a rather difficult task. （由that引导的宾语从句，作discovered的宾语）
[高分句型2]. She added that the comfort of home depends on each doing her duties.（由that引导的宾语从句，作added的宾语）
听力答案：1-5 ABCBA 6-10 BCCAB 11-15 BCCBA 16-20 CABCA
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