2023年中考英语语法详解之冠词的用法与训练

这是一份2023年中考英语语法详解之冠词的用法与训练，共14页。
1、特指某(些)人某(些)事物，双方都知道的人或物或再次提到，基本上所有名词前都可用。
The bag in the desk is mine.
Is this the bk yu are lking fr? D yu knw the man in back?
It is nt the car we are lking fr.
The man has fund his child.
I saw a film yesterday. The film was ended at eight 'clck.
Lucy bught a radi yesterday, but she fund smething was wrng with the radi.
2、用在西洋乐器前如play the pian/vilin/guitar/drum
I like playing the pian
3、用于表示世界上独一无二的事物或用于自然界现象或方位名词之前。这些事物当然是特指的事物，不可能有两个以上。
如 the sun the mn the earth the sky the wrld the winter night
The sun is bigger than the mn.
I can see a bird in the sky.
I like t have a walk with the bright mn light in the evening.
4、定冠词与单数名词连用, 也可以表示这一类人或事物。
The dg is nt t danger.
The cat is an animal. 。
The umbrella in the shp is very cheap in this seasn.
5、定冠词与形容词连用, 可表示某一类人或事物。如the pr the rich the ld the yung the blind
The wunded were brught t the hspital.
He always helps the pr.
The deaf can g t this special schl.
6、the 用在姓名复数之前, 表示一家人。
The Greens is very kind t us.
The Whites like the classic music. 。
6、用在比较级、最高级或序数词前
the +比较级…… the +比较级…… 表示越……越
the lnger yu stay, the better it will be
She said thee best way t learn English was by reading English magazine.
The first lessn is easy.
7、用在定语从句或介词短语所修饰的名词前
The girl in red is her friend.
不定冠词的用法
不定冠词a (an)与数词ne 同源，是"一个"的意思。a用于辅音音素前，一般读作e，而an则用于元音音素前，一般读做an。
英文中的不定冠词是指用来陪伴单数可数名词，也就是当你在句子中提到一个人或事物时，需要在前面加一个冠词a或an来表示“一”的存在，但并不强调数量概念。
那么，关于不定冠词的用法是怎样的呢？来，看下面
(1) a 和 an 均用在单数名词之前,表示某一类人或事物。例如:
Jhn is a student. Mary is an English teacher.
(2) 指某一类人或事物中的任何一个。例如 :
A steel wrker makes steel.
Pass me an apple, please.
(3) 指某人或某物,但不具体说明何人或和物。例如:
A student wants t see yu.
A girl is waiting fr yu utside.
(4) 表示 “ 每一 ” 的意思,相当于 every 。例如:
Take the medicine three times a day.
They g t see their parents nce a week.
冠词的省略和含有冠词a，the的词组
有时名词前无冠词，但并非不用冠词，而是省去了不定冠词和定冠词。在下列情况下冠词可省略。
避免重复
The lightning flashed and thunder crashed. 电闪雷鸣。（thunder 前省去 the。)
The nun is the name f a persn r thing. 名词是人或物的名称。（thing前省去a。）
可省去句首的定冠词 the
Class is dismissed. 下课了。
Fact is that they d nt knw him. 事实是他们并不认识他。
在 the next day 等短语中，定冠词 常省去
Next day they went t Lndn tgether early. 第二天，他们很早就一起到伦敦去了。
The circus is cming here next week. 马戏团下星期来这儿。
信函地址常省去定冠词或不定冠词
English Dpt.
Freign Studies University
Beijing,China
中国北京外国语大学英语系
含有a的词组
have a wrd with sb. 和某人谈话
have a drink 喝点什么
many a time 许多次
have a gd time 过得愉快
have a swim游泳
have a bath/shwer 洗澡,淋浴
have a lk (at) 看一看
have a fever 发烧
give a lessn 授课
in a/ne wrd 总之（一句话)
have a talk谈话
have/take a walk 散步
have a nice trip 旅途愉快
have a rest 休息一下
含有the词组
in the daytime在白天
at/in the beginning 开始
in the middle night 在半夜
in the end 最后,终于
by the way 顺便说一下
the same as... 同..一样
in/at the frnt f...在某物的前部
n the right/left 在右边/左边
in the mrning/afternn/evening 在上午/下午/晚上
英语冠词训练题
1. Which city in England d yu think may be called _______ Shanghai f _______ West?
A. a; the B. the;不填 C. the; the D. 不填; the
2. Dr. Smith wants ________ assistant with ________ gd knwledge f English.
A. the; the B. an; the C. an; a D. 不填; 不填
3. —What des her uncle d?
—He is a prfessr f ________ university and he is ________ hnest man.
A. the；an B. a；a C. an；an D. a； an
4. Yu made the same mistake fr _____secnd time, drpping _____ “n” in the wrd “gvernment”.
A. a; the B. a; a C. the; an D. a; an
5. It’s quite bvius that the aging ppulatin in China will cause _____heavy pressure n _____whle sciety in the future.
A. a; a B. the; 不填 C. a; the D. 不填; the
6. The pet and ________ writer is ging t give us a talk this afternn.
A. a B. the C. 不填 D. an
7. Her husband was put int________ prisn, and she had t g t________ prisn nce a mnth t visit him.
A. a; the B. the; the C. 不填; 不填 D. 不填; the
8. Wu Dng is________ taller f________ tw brthers.
A. 不填; the B. the; 不填 C. 不填; 不填 D. the; the
9 The teacher is standing ________ f the teacher’s table, which is ________ f the classrm.
A. in frnt; in frnt B. in frnt; in the frnt
C. in the frnt; in the frnt D. in the frnt; in frnt
10. I am in ________ charge f the class which was in ________ charge f my wife.
A. 不填; the B. 不填; 不填 C. the; 不填 D. the; the
11. The warmth f________ sweater will f curse be determined by the srt f ________ wl used.
A. the; the B. the; 不填 C. 不填; the D. 不填; 不填
12. As _____rule, apples are sld by _____weight and eggs by _____dzen.
A. a; 不填; the B. a; the; the C. a; a; the D. the;不填;不填
13. In________ winter f 1990, he went abrad n ________ business.
A. 不填; 不填 B. the; 不填 C. the; the D. the ;a
14.—Judging frm _____number f the cars, there are nt many peple in the club.
—I think s. Peple wuld rather stay at hme in such _____bad weather.
A. the; 不填 B. a; 不填 C. the; a D. a; a
15. The sign reads, “In case f ________ fire, break the glass and push ________ red buttn.”
A. 不填; a B. 不填; the C. the; the D. a; a
【模拟解析】
1. C。the West (西方、西洋)是固定搭配；指类似于…的人或物时，专有名词前用冠词，而Shanghai又受f the West修饰，所以用the。
2. C。第一空 an 用于以元音音素开头的词前；第二空泛指有英语知识的人。
3. D。不定冠词 a 用于以辅音音素开头的词前（指发音而不是字母），如：a university；而 an 用于以元音音素开头的词前，如 an uncle / an hnest man.
4. D。第一空是序数词前用a表示“又一”；辅音字母n, f, h, l, m, n, r, s, x和元音字母a, e, i, 的读音，均以元音开头，所以第二空填an。
5. C。第一空是泛指用a, a heavy pressure意为“一种很大的压力”；当whle修饰单数名词表示“全(部的), 整个的”时，前面用ne’s或the，又如the whle evening / truth整个晚上 / 全部真相。
6. C。and 并列的是同一事物同一人同一概念时，其后面的名词前不用冠词。
7. D。比较：put int prisn=坐牢；g t the prisn=去监狱。
8. D。“the +形容词比较级+f the tw +名词复数”结构表示：两者中较怎样的一个。
9. B。in frnt f=在……前面（指范围之外）；in the frnt f=在……前部（指范围之内）。
10. A。in charge f 的意思是“负责”、“管理”，其主语通常是人；in the charge f 的意思是“由……负责或管理”，其主语通常是物。
11. B。第一空特指毛衣暖和程度，用定冠词；第二空后的名词表示织毛衣用的羊毛，属泛指，故不用冠词。
12. A。as a rule(通常地)是固定词组；在度量名词前，表示付工资、卖、租等方式时，用the，又如paid by the hur / day / mnth / piece, sld by the yard / dzen / tn，比较by weight(按重量)。
13. B。如果表示季节、月份的名词被一个限制性定语修饰，其前就得加定冠词；而 n business 是固定搭配，中间不用冠词。
14. A。the number f “…的数量”；weather与fun, news, advice, infrmatin等均为不可数名词，无论什么情况，都不可直接与a连用。
15. B。fire 为“火灾”，不确指，用零冠词；而 red buttn 指 sign上的红按钮，故为特指，用定冠词。