2022-2023学年江苏省镇江实验高中高三下学期入学检测英语试题（word版含答案解析）

这是一份2022-2023学年江苏省镇江实验高中高三下学期入学检测英语试题（word版含答案解析），共10页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。
高三下期入学 英语测试试题
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2．5分，满分37．5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
A brand of salami (萨拉米香肠) known as Galileo is celebrating 75 years of making the cured(腌制的) meats by welcoming salami fans into their family with a chance to win a unique cooking experience in a seaside region of Italy．
    But don't worry; you don't have to speak Italian． All you have to do is simply share a photo of yourself on Instagram using the hashtags #GalileoFamily and #Sweepstakes and tag @GalileoSalame． If you follow the rules of the contest, you are automatically entered for a chance to win a weeklong trip for two to Italy to explore the history and cooking riches of the seaside region．
    "For the better part of a century, we've been curing authentic Italian salami with the idea of family and tradition," said Jeremy Kross, Brand Manager at Galileo, a company that was started in 1945 by Frank Sorba in San Francisco． "The 'Welcome to the Family' program celebrates our Italian heritage and, of course, the deliciousness of salami．"
    The winners will learn about the history of the Galileo brand and explore incredible destinations there like Ancona, a city and seaport that sits along Italy's Adriatic coast; Mount Conero, known as a "small piece of heaven" on the Adriatic Sea with some of the clearest water; and finally, San Marino, said to be the world's oldest surviving republic． While in Sant'Angelo in Vado, the winners will visit La Tavola Marche, a unique hands-on cooking experience where guests can immerse themselves in Italian culture and food．
    The trip for two will last for seven days, six nights, and is valued at $7,500 U．S． The contest ends on October 21, after which they will do a random drawing to determine the winner．
1．What is essential if you want to win the chance?
A．Learning to speak Italian． B．Sharing a photo online．
C．Knowing Italian history． D．Having good cooking skills．
2．What can we learn about the trip to Italy?
A．It is more than sightseeing． B．It offers winners $7,500 U．S．
C．It ends on October 21． D．It includes a random drawing．
3．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A．Galileo Is Celebrating His 75th Anniversary of Birth
B．Volunteers Are Wanted to Practice Cooking at Home
C．Match Is Held to Promote Tourism in Italy．
D．Food Family Invites Fans to Experience Traditional Cooking
B
   Halfway through the women's slalom (障碍滑雪赛) event at the 2014 Winter Olympic Games in Sochi, Russia, 18-year-old Mikaela Shiffrin held a commanding lead over the greatest women's slalom skiers in the world． On her final run, she burst from the start house at top speed, zigzagging (曲折行进) around the poles． Suddenly, her left ski slid out, causing her to temporarily lose control． It seemed as if her dreams of a gold medal might slide down the mountain, out of her reach． But in the blink of an eye, Mikaela stopped her mini-skid and rocketed through the rest of her run． She became the youngest slalom skier ever to win an Olympic gold medal．
    Skiing has always been a big part of Mikaela's life． At two and a half years old, Mikaela made her first ski run down her steep driveway on plastic skis． From ages 8 to 11, she worked hard, repeating hundreds of training runs on small hills to learn the correct techniques． When Mikaela was 11, she enrolled at the Burke Mountain Academy, a Vermont boarding school for skiers．
    According to headmaster Kirk Dwyer, "What separated Mikaela from others was the degree of her commitment to be the best． Mikaela practiced more than anyone and believed in herself then and now．" At age 14, Mikaela began her international career when she raced in the world championships for 13-and 14-year-olds． And she won! By the time she was 17, she had already won her first World Cup race．
    For Mikaela, working hard is a full-time job． In the summer, when Mikaela is off the ski slopes and in the gym, her daily training consists of six to seven hours of weightlifting, core body work, and biking to improve her strength and agility．  
    "If you're passionate about your goals, whatever they are," she says, "there's no limit to what you can achieve． Give it your all!"
4．What happened to Mikaela at the 2014 Winter Olympic Games?
A．She fell behind others at first．
B．She overcame the accident and completed her run．
C．She lost control and slid down the mountain．
D．She was the first slalom skier to win an Olympic gold medal．
5．According to the text, how many times did Mikaela win in international competitions?
A．One B．Two． C．Three． D．Four．
6．Which of the following best describes Mikaela?
A．Demanding and curious． B．Ambitious and diligent．
C．Caring and brave． D．Patient and intelligent．
7．What is the best title for the text?
A．Zigzagging to Success B．The Strength of Confidence
C．The Value of Failure D．An Exciting Slalom Event
C
Ever since the success of Apollo 11, when lunar travel was finally publicly acknowledged to be safe for humans, people have been waiting for the day when space would be opened up on a large scale to those who are not astronauts． It has finally become a reality, at least for people who have the means． The space flights are not cheap—each flight into outer space costs about U．S． $ 20 million．
    But space travel agencies now have a clever plan to offer suborbital (亚轨道的) flights, which cost about U．S． $100 000． A lunar mission is also made available by space tourism agency, Space Adventures, where tourists, accompanied by one professional astronaut, would be able to reach within 100km of the Moon's surface, enabling them to see the bright far-side of the moon and witness Earth rising above the surface of the moon．
    Further extending the idea of space tourism, plans are underway to open a resort in space． In Galactic Suite Space Resort, a space resort started by a Spanish entrepreneur, guests are promised a remarkable experience with an orbital stay onboard with first-class resort facilities; they can enjoy a weightless spa as they watch 15 sunsets in one day; and tourists would be able to complete a single orbit in 80 minutes—all this while staying in a bio-inspired space, similar to a tropical paradise island!
    Space tourism is, however, not environmentally-friendly． There are suggestions that black carbon emitted by the spacecraft could raise temperatures at the poles, contributing to global warming． An increase in space travel would mean that Man would not only leave his footprint in space but also his waste—space tourism can lead to pollution of the environment of the outer space．
    Without a doubt, space tourism opens up new exciting possibilities． With time, the price would become more reasonable． Increasing commercialisation of space would also mean that a structure would be put in place for the disposal of rubbish． However, with no immediate solutions, space tourism would probably prove to be yet another controversial (有争议的) adventure of mankind．
8．What does the word "means" in Paragraph 1 mean?
A．Methods． B．Courage． C．Money． D．Dreams．
9．What do we know about the Galactic Suite Space Resort?
A．It enables guests to see the bright far-side of the moon．
B．It offers high quality service to guests．
C．It promises guests can go around the world in one day．
D．It is built on a tropical paradise island．
10．What is the future of space tourism according to the last paragraph? 
A．Bright． B．Uncertain． C．Meaningless． D．Disastrous．
11．What is the purpose of this text?
A．To talk about the topic of space travel．
B．To warn people of the danger of space travel．
C．To encourage people to travel in space．
D．To call on people to protect outer space．
D
If Mars were the popular kid in school, Venus(金星) would be the unwelcome one sitting in the corner, largely ignored． Venus has nearly the same mass and size as Earth, but being closer to the sun, it gets nearly twice as much heat from the sun．
    However, instead of having a climate that is just a warmer version of Earth's, Venus's surface and atmosphere are unbearable: clouds of sulphuric acid blanket the planet, while at ground level, it is hot enough to melt lead． Despite this, there is now a sign that Venus may harbour life．
    Jane Greaves at Cardiff University? UK, and her colleagues recently detected phosphine(磷化氢) in Venus's atmosphere,with one potential explanation that it is the by-product of biology． That is because the only way this gas is made on Earth is in laboratories or by microbes(微生物)． Though this doesn't mean it was produced by life on Venus, attempts to find non-biological explanations for its presence have so far failed．
    Our best way of confirming or rejecting the possibility of life on Venus is to go and have a proper look． While Mars has been the focus of interplanetary exploration efforts lately, the phosphine discovery lets people look at Venus in a new light． As NASA administrator Jim Bridenstine tweeted: "It's time to prioritize Venus．"
    In the months and years to come, computer simulations will be used to further study the possible chemistries of the atmosphere on Venus． More laboratory experiments will be conducted to try to identify other ways the phosphine there could be produced． However, there is no guarantee that these efforts will reveal the true nature of this substance on Venus． A newly-proposed strategy is to directly sample the atmosphere and surface of Venus． By doing so, we would be able to take direct measurements of phosphine．
    The discovery of phosphine in Venus's atmosphere is a great accomplishment． The scientific efforts may be just what we need to finally refocus on this neglected world． Possibly, the quiet kid in the corner may get the last laugh．
12．In theory, what's Venus expected to be like?
A．It is almost as large as Earth．
B．It has nearly the same mass as Earth．
C．It has a warmer Earth-like climate．
D．It has the unbearable surface and atmosphere．
13．What can the discovery of phosphine on Venus indicate?
A．There might exist signs of life．
B．This kind of gas is very common．
C．Many products can be made with it．
D．Experiments were once conducted there．
14．What is paragraph 5 mainly about?
A．The importance of observations．
B．The power of computer simulations．
C．The approaches to exploring phosphine．
D．The necessity to analyse phosphine．
15．Which can best describe the author's attitude to the exploration of Venus?
A．Casual． B．Supportive． C．Cautious． D．Doubtful．
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2．5分，满分12．5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
You're faced with a lot of decisions in everyday work． There are multiple tasks calling for your focus, and you are burning daylight or even burn out trying to decide what comes first． 16_____
    If you're going to think smarter about how you prioritize(排序) tasks, you have to invest a little time away from your to-do list． Here's the thing: what you work on confirms your values． You may think it's no big thing to work overtime for a little while, but something will be sacrificed with this decision． If you're a parent, you might spend less time with your kids． Similarly, if you choose not to work much or effectively, you're deciding that your values lie outside your career． 17_____
    Write all the tasks down and create four boxes containing all of things you care about． This could be: helps the community, helps one-to-one relationships, makes money, and things you find personally fulfilling． Then place them in the boxes and see how many of the boxes each one takes up． Anything that fills just one box has to be reconsidered． Anything that fills nothing should not be considered at all． 18_____ From here, the rest of the prioritization gets a little easier． You now have a better idea where the efforts are really paying off． You also know when you are wasting your own time．
    In order to figure out a plan for yourself, the first thing you should be doing is gathering all of your tasks, large and small． 19_____ Other people are counting on you or your future self will depend on them somehow． These are actually easier to prioritize． Then break down large tasks into smaller pieces． That helps put things in order． Part of the reason we do the small things first is that being productive feels good． Acknowledging accomplishments makes you more likely to keep going and pushes you through the more complicated tasks．
    20_____ Notice when your energy levels are high and when they are weak． Be aware when you're more productive for social activities and when you're better off． The more you study yourself, the easier planning becomes．
    Now that you have your priorities in order, go ahead and you will boost your productivity．
A．You can also prioritize based on energy levels．
B．The good news is that some tasks can keep you motivated．
C．So how can you figure out what's most important to work on first?
D．This activity allows you to see where you really want to invest your energy．
E．If you want to make a new list, you need to turn to your colleagues for help．
F．There are some tasks that are pretty straightforward and you need to do the thing．
G．Where you invest your time is not just about what you value but also what you don't value．
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Last month, Koch went to make breakfast and found a(n)    21    guest using his pool． A large moose(驼鹿) was swimming in the deep end,     22    in the solar cover(太阳能覆盖膜)．
    "I looked out in the backyard and there's the moose absolutely panicked and    23    ," Koch told The Dodo． "She stepped on the solar cover and put her    24    through it and she was    25    trying to get free．"
    Koch has noticed more wildlife around his home in Ottawa,     26    he had never seen an animal    27    impressive before． He rushed outside and pulled the solar cover off the    28    moose, who continued paddling    29    the pool, proving to be a surprisingly skilled swimmer．
    The wild moose seemed to be having trouble finding her way out of the pool, so Koch called the police and wildlife services to see if they could    30    a hand． "She looked so pitifully sad out there that my wife said, 'I want to give her a    31    ．' "
    Workers from wildlife services intended that they would get her to a safer spot, but they couldn't    32    it until she was out of the water． "The best thing that happened was that after 3．5 hours she climbed out of the shallow end and    33    the fence," Koch said．
    The moose    34    unscratched, but the same can't be said for Koch's pool—which now has two hoof-sized holes in the    35    ．
21．A．informal     B．ordinary     C．usual     D．uninvited
22．A．abandoned     B．wrapped     C．removed     D．forbidden
23．A．struggling     B．shaking     C．shouting     D．searching
24．A．shoulder     B．foot     C．face     D．back
25．A．narrowly     B．likely     C．desperately     D．unwillingly
26．A．for     B．so     C．but     D．or
27．A．this     B．well     C．almost     D．rather
28．A．relaxed     B．happy     C．tired     D．poor
29．A．around     B．beneath     C．outside     D．beyond
30．A．donate     B．hurt     C．lend     D．cure
31．A．lift     B．hug     C．smile     D．credit
32．A．update     B．witness     C．cancel     D．manage
33．A．watched out     B．cut down     C．jumped over     D．dived into
34．A．escaped     B．participated     C．hesitated     D．insisted
35．A．top     B．bottom     C．wall     D．cover
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1．5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The history of Chinese characters dates back to ancient times, with a history of at least several thousand years． It is agreed that hanzi began 36_______ simple pictures, images that the ancient Chinese people drew, painted, and carved 37_______ (describe) nature and their lives．
The 38_______ (old) symbols recognizable as Chinese characters are those found on ancient animal bones． These 3000-year-old symbols, jiaguwen, 39_______ (carve) on turtle shells or bones of animals, and can give us insight into 40_______ ancient Chinese saw the world around them and into their great creativity．
When you first look at Chinese characters, you will most 41_______ (like) feel that they are very complicated． About 80% of Chinese characters are composed of smaller 42_______ (part), which are combined in many different ways to form tens of thousands of hanzi． Fortunately you need to know only about two or three thousand characters for use in 43_______ (day) life．
Chinese characters and Chinese culture are inseparably linked． China's writing system forms 44_______ strong bridge linking the Chinese people and culture of the present with 45_______ (that) of the past． As China takes its place in the international community, many international students are studying Chinese and are coming to appreciate China's impressive culture．
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
假定你是李华。上周日，为了帮助南方洪灾地区受灾群众重建家园，你校举办了校园爱心义卖活动。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：
   1． 活动时间、地点及参加人员；
   2． 活动过程；
   3． 活动反响。
注意：词数80左右；
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
On the way back from work every evening, there would be a homeless man standing at the exit of the freeway． He looked to be in his late 40's but was probably a lot younger． His eyes were what struck me the most about him, they were brown and they had a sparkle． People say they can tell a lot from a person's eyes． It was certainly true in his case． He always waved at every car, he was always happy and smiling and sometimes almost dancing．
    Every day after work I would remember to gather any spare change and quickly roll down my window and give him the coins． Occasionally the red light would be on for a minute and we would ask each other about our day． His answer would always be the same, "I'm blessed!"． I knew what his answer was going to be every time, yet I would still ask． It amazed me that even in his situation of being homeless he was so positive, and his answer would remind me of how blessed I was． A single mother of four amazing kids, with a place to call home and with a job to provide for my kids．
    Then one day I was called into my boss's office and was told that I was being laid off due to the economy． For the rest of that day, a feeling of worry engulfed(淹没) me． Needless to say that on my way home that day I was very sad and upset． I didn't remember to look for my spare change and keep it ready like I usually did． But there he was as always, as I turned the ramp(斜坡)． He set his eyes on me, while still smiling and waving at others．
注意：1． 续写词数应为150词左右；
          2． 请按照如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
    I'd hoped to catch the green light, but I missed it．
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
    What he gave me was more than a dollar bill．
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
答案：1．B; 2．A; 3．D
解析：1．细节理解题 H 根据第二段的 "All you have to do is simply share a photo of yourself on Instagram using the hashtags #GalileoFamily and #Sweepstakes and tag @GalileoSalame． If you follow the rules of the contest, you are automatically entered for a chance to win a weeklong trip for two to Italy to explore the history and cooking riches of the seaside region．( 你所要做的只是在instagram 上分享一张自己的照片 , 并使用 # GalileoFamily 、 # Swepstakes 和@ GalileoSalame 标签． 如果你遵守比赛规则 , 你将自动获得一个机会赢取为期一周的意大利双人游 , 探索海滨地区的历史和丰富的烹饪 ． ) " 可知 , 如果你想赢得这次机会 , 在网上分享照片是必不可少的, 故选B ．
2．推理判断题 R 根据倒数第二段的 "While in Sant'Angelo in Vado, the winners will visit La Tavola Marche, a unique hands-on cooking experience where guests can immerse themselves in Italian culture and food．(在Vado 的圣安杰洛获奖者将参观La Tavola Marche,一个独特的动手烹饪体验, 客人可以沉浸在意大利文化和食物． )" 可知, 意大利之行不只是观光旅游． 故选A ．
3．主旨大意题 ． 本文是一篇新闻报道 , 通读全文尤其是第一段的 "A brand of salami (萨拉米香肠) known as Galileo is celebrating 75 years of making the cured (腌制的) meats by welcoming salami fans into their family with a chance to win a unique cooking experience in a seaside region of Italy．( 意大利 " 伽利略 " 腊肠品牌为庆祝制作腊肠75 周年, 将在意大利海滨地区为腊肠爱好者提供一次独特的烹饪体验, 欢迎他们成为家中的一员． ) " 可知 , 本文主要讲的是意大利 " 伽利略 " 腊肠公司邀请腊肠爱好者参加烹饪体验, 因此it 选项Food Family invite Fans to Experience Traditional Cooking ( 美食家庭邀请粉丝体验传统烹饪可作为最好的题目,故选D．
答案：4．B; 5．C; 6．B; 7．A
解析：4．细节理解题根据第一段中 "On her final run, she burst from the start house at top speed, zigzagging (曲折行进) around the poles． Suddenly, her left ski slid out, causing her to temporarily lose control． It seemed as if her dreams of a gold medal might slide down the mountain, out of her reach． But in the blink of an eye, Mikaela stopped her mini-skid and rocketed through the rest of her run． She became the youngest slalom skier ever to win an Olympic gold medal．(在她的最后一圈中, 她以最快的速度冲出起跑点, 绕着杆子弯弯曲曲地跑． 突然, 她左边的滑雪板滑了出来 , 导致她暂时失去了控制． 她的金牌梦似乎要从山上滑下来了, 她够不着了． 但一眨眼的功夫, Mikaela停止了她的迷你滑行, 迅速跑完了剩下的路程． 她成为有史以来赢得奥运金牌的最年轻的障碍滑雪运动员 ) " 可知, Mikaela在2014 年冬季奥运会上克服了事故, 完成了比赛． 故选B．
5．细节理解题根据第一段中 " She became the youngest slalom skier ever to win an Olympic gold medal． (她成为有史以来赢得奥运金牌的最年轻的障碍滑雪运动员以及第三段中"At age 14, Mikaela began her international career when she raced in the world champion ships for 13- and 14- year - olds． And she won! By the time she was 17, she had already won her first World Cup race． (14岁时Mikaela开始了她的国际职业生涯, 她参加了13-14 岁的世界锦标赛  她赢了! 在她17 岁的时候, 她已经赢得了她的第一次世界杯比赛) " 可知, Mikaela 在国际比赛中赢了三次． 故选C．
6．推理判断题根据倒数第二段 "For Mikaela, working hard is a full-time job． In the summer, when Mikaela is off the ski slopes and in the gym, her daily training consists of six to seven hours of weightlifting, core body work, and biking to improve her strength and agility．(对Mikaela来说, 努力工作是一项全职工作． 夏天, 当Mikaela 离开滑雪场和健身房时, 她的日常训练包括6 到7 个小时的举重、核心健身和骑自行车,以提高她的力量和敏捷性)" 以及最后一段 "If you're passionate about your goals, whatever they are," she says , "there's no limit to what you can achieve． Give it your all! " (如果你对自己的目标充满激情不管是什么," 她说 " 你能实现的目标是无限的． 全力以赴! " ) " 可推知, Mikaela雄心勃勃且勤奋． 故选B．
7．主旨大意题, 根据第一段 "Halfway through the women's slalom (障碍滑雪赛) event at the 2014 Winter Olympic Games in Sochi, Russia, 18-year-old Mikaela Shiffrin held a commanding lead over the greatest women's slalom skiers in the world． On her final run, she burst from the start house at top speed, zigzagging (曲折行进) around the poles． Suddenly, her left ski slid out, causing her to temporarily lose control． It seemed as if her dreams of a gold medal might slide down the mountain, out of her reach． But in the blink of an eye, Mikaela stopped her mini-skid and rocketed through the rest of her run． She became the youngest slalom skier ever to win an Olympic gold medal．(2014 年俄罗斯索契冬奥女子回转项目进行到一半时, 18 岁的Mikaela Shiffrim 以压倒性优势击败了世界上最伟大的女子选手． 在她的最后一圈中, 她以最快的速度冲出起跑点, 绕着杆子弯弯曲曲地跑． 突然, 她左边的滑雪板滑了出来, 导致她暂时失去了控制 ． 她的金牌梦似乎要从山上滑下来了, 她够不着了． 但一眨眼的功夫, Mikaela 停止了她的迷你滑行, 迅速跑完了剩下的路程． 她成为有史以来赢得奥运金牌的最年轻的障碍滑雪运动员 ) " 结合文章主要讲述了Mikaela Shiffin 在 2014 年冬奥会上克服了事故, 完成了比赛,成为有史以来赢得奥运金牌的最年轻的障碍滑雪运动员． 文章还介绍了Mikaela从事滑雪运动的经过以及她雄心勃勃且勤奋的品质． 可知, 故A 选项 " 曲折走向成功 " 最符合文章标题． 故选A ．
答案：8．C; 9．B; 10．B; 11．A
解析：8．词句猜测题 ． 根据第一段 "The space flights are not cheap — each flight into outer space costs about U．S． 20 million． (太空飞行并不便宜, 每次进入外层空间的飞行费用约为 2000 万美元) " 可知, 太空飞行的费用不低, 但是至少对于有钱人来说, 它已经变成了现实． 由此推知, 划线词means 指的money． 故选C 项．
9．细节理解题 ． 根据第三段 "In Galactic Suite Space Resort, a space resort started by a Spanish entrepreneur, guests are promised a remarkable experience with an orbital stay onboard with first-class resort facilities; they can enjoy a weightless spa as they watch 15 sunsets in one day; and tourists would be able to complete a single orbit in 80 minutes—all this while staying in a bio-inspired space, similar to a tropical paradise island!(在由一位西班牙企业家创办的银河套房太空度假胜地 , 游客们被承诺将获得一次非凡的体验, 在飞船上享受一流的度假设施 ; 他们可以享受一次太空旅行 , 在一天内观看15 次日落 , 可以在80分钟内完成一次单轨道飞行 , 所有这些都是待在一个类似热带天堂岛的仿生空间里完成的 ! ) " 可知, Galactic Suite Space Resort为游客们提供高质量的服务 ． 故选 B 项 ．
10．推理判断题 ． 根据最后一段 "However, with no immediate solutions, space tourism would probably prove to be yet another controversial adventure of mankind． (然而, 如果没有立即的解决方案, 太空旅游可能将被证明是人类另一次有争议的冒险) " 可知, 太空旅行的未来是不确定的． 故选B项．
11．推理判断题 ． 文章第一段提出太空旅行对于少数人成为现实 ; 第二、三段说明了人们进行太空旅行需要的花费和可能会享受到的服务 , 第四段指出太空旅行可能会对环境造成污染 ; 最后一段提出太空旅行开辟了新的可能性 , 价格也更加合理 , 但是对于如何处理垃圾 , 人们要想出解决方案 , 否则太空旅行即将是有争议的 ． 可知文章是围绕太空旅行这一主题进行讨论 ． 故选 A项 ．
答案：12．C; 13．A; 14．C; 15．B
解析：12．细节理解题。根据第一段Venus has nearly the same mass and size as Earth, but being closer to the sun, it gets nearly twice as much heat from the sun．(金星的质量和大小几乎与地球相同,但由于离太阳更近,它从太阳获得的热量几乎是地球的两倍)可知,在理论上,金星是与地球质量相同的更温暖的星球。故选:C。
13．推理判断题。根据第三段Jane Greaves at Cardiff University, UK, and her colleagues recently detected phosphine(磷化氢) in Venus's atmosphere, with one potential explanation that it is the by-product of biology． That is because the only way this gas is: made on Earth is in laboratories or by microbes(微生物)． (英国卡迪夫大学的Jane Greaves和她的同事们最近在金星的大气中发现了磷化氢,一种可能的解释是,它是生物学的副产品。这是因为在地球上制造这种气体的唯一方法是在实验室里或通过实验室微生物。)可知,通过在金星上发现了磷化氢,说明了那里可能存在生命的迹象。故选:A。
14．段落大意题。根据第五段第一句In the months and years to come, computer simulations will be used to further study the possible chemistries of the atmosphere on Venus．(在未来的几个月或几年里,计算机模拟将被用于进一步研究金星大气的化学成分。)和最后一句By doing so, we would be able to take direct measurements of phosphine．(通过这样做,我们可以直接测量磷化氢。)可知,第5段主要是关于探索磷化氢的方法。故选:C。
15．观点态度题。根据最后一段The discovery of phosphine in Venus's atmosphere is a great accomplishment． The scientific efforts may be just what we need to finally refocus on this neglected world． (在金星大气层中发现磷化氢是一项伟大的成就。科学的努力也许正是我们最终重新关注这个被忽视的世界所需要的。)可知,作者认为在金星大气层中发现磷化氢是一项伟大的成就,因此作者对探索金星的态度是支持的。A． Casual 随意的;B． Supportive 支持的;C． Cautious 谨慎的;D． Doubtful 怀疑的。故选:B。
答案：16-20CDGFA
解析：16中心导入题。根据前文"You're faced with a lot of decisions in everyday work． There are multiple tasks calling for your focus, and you are burning daylight or even burn out trying to decide what comes first．(在日常工作中,你会面临很多决定。有很多任务需要你集中注意力,你在努力决定什么该先做,为此甚至累得筋疲力尽。)"可知,下文应该介绍如何从诸多工作中分出主次来执行。C项"So how can you figure out what's most important to work on first?(那么,你怎么才能确定什么是最重要的工作首先?)"以提问形式导入,引出下文。故选C。
17段尾总结题。根据前文"what you work on confirms your values． You may think it's no big thing to work overtime for a little while, but something will be sacrificed with this decision．(你的工作证实了你的价值观。你可能觉得加班一段时间没什么大不了的,但是这个决定会牺牲一些东西。如果你是一个家长,你可能会花更少的时间和你的孩子在一起。)"中所举的例子"Similarly, if you choose not to work much or effectively, you're deciding that your values lie outside your career．(同样地,如果你选择不做太多或不高效的工作,那你就是在断定你的价值观不在你的职业生涯之内。)"可知,观念决定了时间的投放所在,重视的东西往往会更愿意去花时间。G项"Where you invest your time is not just about what you value but also what you don't value(你把你的时间投资在哪里,不仅仅是你重视什么,还有你不重视什么)"对前面进行了概括,符合题意。故选G。
18细节理解题。根据前文"Write all the tasks down and create four boxes containing all of things you care about． This could be: helps the community, helps one-to-one relationships, makes money, and things you find personally fulfilling． Then place them in the boxes and see how many of the boxes each one takes up． Anything that fills just one box has to be reconsidered． Anything that fills nothing should not be considered at all．(把所有的任务都写下来,然后把你关心的事情分成四个箱子。这可能是:帮助社区,帮助一对一的关系,赚钱,和你觉得个人满足的事情。然后把它们放在盒子里,看看它们占了多少盒子。任何只填满一个盒子的东西都必须重新考虑。任何不填的东西都不应该被考虑。)"中方法介绍可知,该空处应该介绍此方法实行的目的。D项"This activity allows you to see where you really want to invest your energy(这个话动可以让你看到你真正想把精力投入的地方)"表达的正是这样做的目的,符合逻辑。故选D。
19细节理解题。根据前文"In order to figure out a plan for yourself, the first thing you should be doing is gathering all of your tasks, large and small．(为了自己制定一个计划,你应该做的第一件事就是收集所有大大小小的任务。)"可知,该空处应该谈论所收集的任务情况。F项"There are some tasks that are pretty straightforward and you need to do the thing (有一些任务非常简单,你需要去做)"承接了上文,符合题意。故选F。
20段落大意题。根据下文"Notice when your energy levels are high and when they are weak． Be aware when you're more productive for social activities and when you're better off． The more you study yourself, the easier planning becomes．你的精力水平什么时候高,什么时候低。要知道你什么时候在社交活动中效率更高,什么时候效率更高。你越了解自己,就越容易制定计划。)"可知,该段谈论的是要清楚自己的"energy levels(精力水平)"。A项"You can also prioritize based on energy levels(你也可以根据精力水平来划分优先级)"符合段意,是该段中心句。故选A。
答案：21-25 DBABC26-30 CADAC 31-35 BDCAB
解析：21．考查形容词及语境理解。A．informal非正式的; B．ordinary普通的; C．usual 通常的; D．uninvited不被邀请的。句意:上个月,科赫去做早餐,发现一个不速之客在用他的游泳池。根据下文"A large moose(驼鹿) was swimming in the deep end"(一只巨大的驼鹿在深水区游泳)可知,驼鹿误入Koch家的泳池,因此它是位不速之客。故选D。
22．考查动词及语境理解。A．abandoned遗弃; B．wrapped裹住,缠绕; C．removed移除; D．forbidden禁止。句意:一只巨大的驼鹿被太阳能覆盖膜缠着,在深水区游泳。根据后文"in the solar cover(太阳能覆盖膜)"可知,这只驼鹿是被太阳能覆盖膜缠住了。故选B。
23．考查动词及语境理解。A．struggling挣扎; B．shaking摇动; C．shouting呼喊; D．searchingi搜寻。句意:我往后院一看,那只驼鹿惊慌失措,在挣扎。根据前文"there's the moose absolutely panicked"可知,驼鹿当时非常惊恐,奋力挣扎。故选A。
24．考查名词及语境理解。A．shoulder肩膀; B．foot脚; C．face脸; D．back背。句意:她踩在了太阳能覆盖膜上,缠住了它,她拼命地想要挣脱。根据前文"She stepped on the solar cover"可知,驼鹿的脚踩进去而导致被困。故选B。
25．考查副词及语境理解。A．narrowly勉强地; B．likely可能地; C．desperately拼命地; D．unwillingly不情愿地。句意:她踩在了太阳能覆盖膜上,缠住了它,她拼命地想要挣脱。根据下文"trying to get free"可知,此处是指拼命地。故选C。
26．考查连词及语境理解。A．for因为; B．so所以; C．but但是; D．or否则。句意:科赫注意到他在渥太华的家周围有更多的野生动物,但他从未见过如此令人印象深刻的动物。"Koch has noticed more wildlife around his home in Ottawa"和"he had never seen an animal this impressive before"构成转折关系。故选C。
27．考查副词及语境理解。A．this如此; B．well很好地; C．almost差不多,几乎; D．rather相当。句意:科赫注意到他在渥太华的家周围有更多的野生动物,但他从未见过如此令人印象深刻的动物。此处this用作副词,相当于so,修饰形容词impressive。故选A。
28．考查形容词及语境理解。A．relaxed放松的; B．happy开心的; C．tired疲倦的; D．poor可怜的。句意:他冲了出去,从可怜的驼鹿的身上扯下了太阳能覆盖膜。驼鹿继续在水池里游来游去,证明了自己是一个惊人的游泳高手。驼鹿不小心掉进游泳池,挣扎着想出去,看上去很可怜。故选D。
29．考查介词及语境理解。A．around到处; B．beneath在．．．之下; C．outside在．．．之外; D．beyond越过。句意:他他冲了出去,从可怜的驼鹿的身上扯下了太阳能覆盖膜。驼鹿继续在水池里游来游去,证明了自己是一个惊人的游泳高手。根据下"proving to be a surprisingly skilled swimmer"(证明自己是一个惊人的游泳高手)可知,驼鹿继续在水池里游来游去。故选A。
30．考查动词及语境理解。A．donate捐赠; B．hurt伤害; C．lend借; D．cure治愈。句意:这只野驼鹿似乎很难找到从游泳池出来的路,所以科赫打电话给警察和野生动物服务部门,看他们是否能帮忙。根据前文"Koch called the police and wildlife services"可知,此处是指看他们是否能帮忙。lend sb． a hand意为"帮助某人,搭把手",为固定搭配。故选C。
31．考查名词及语境理解。A．lift电梯; B．hug拥抱; C．smile微笑; D．credit学分。句意:我想给她一个拥抱。根据前面的描述She looked so pitifully sad out there(她在外面看起来很可怜)可知,妻子动了侧隐之心,好想拥抱安慰一下这只被因的母驼鹿。故选B。
32．考查动词及语境理解。A．update更新; B．witness见证; C．cancel取消; D．manage设法(做成某事)。句意:野生动物服务部门的工作人员本打算把她带到一个安全的地方,但他们没能做到,直到她离开了水。根据前文"Workers from wildlife services intended that they would get her to a safer spot"和"until she was out of the water"可知,此处是指野生动物服务部门的工作人员本打算把她带到一个安全的地方,但他们没能做到,直到她离开了水。故选D。
33．考查动词短语及语境理解。A．watched out小心; B．cut down砍倒,削减; C．jumped over跳过; D．dived into投入。句意:最好的事情发生了,在3．5个小时后,她爬出了浅水区,跳过了围栏。根据前文"she climbed out of the shallow end"可知,此处是指她跑走了,所以驼鹿从泳池的浅水处逃离泳池后跳过围栏。故选C。
34．考查动词及语境理解。A．escaped逃跑; B．participated参加; C．hesitated犹豫; D．insisted坚持。句意:这只驼鹿毫发无损地逃了出来,但科赫的泳池就不一样了—现在池底有两个蹄子大小的洞。根据前"The best thing that happened was that after 3．5 hours she climbed out of the shallow end and jumped ove the fence"可知,驼鹿在未受伤的情况下成功逃脱。故选A。
35．考查名词及语境理解。A．top顶部; B．bottom底部; C．wall墙; D．cover封面。句意:这只驼鹿毫发无损地逃了出来,但科赫的泳池就不一样了—现在池底有两个蹄子大小的洞。根据前文"She stepped on the solar cover and put her foot through it and she was desperately trying to get free．"可知,Koch家的泳池就没有未受伤的驼鹿那么幸运了—泳池的底部留下了两个蹄子大小的破洞。故选B。
36． as37． to describe38． oldest39． were carved40． how41． likely42． parts43． daily44． a45． those
解析：
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了汉字的历史以及与中国文化之间的关系。
【小题36】考查介词。句意:人们一致认为,汉字最初是作为简单的图画,是古代中国人民绘制、绘画和雕刻来描述自然和他们的生活的图像。根据句意可知,此处表达"汉字一开始作为一些简单的图画"。固定短语begin as译为"起初作为、开始时作为"。故填as。
【小题37】考查非谓语动词。句意见上一题。句子谓语动词为began,所以动词describe要以非谓语的形式出现。根据句意可知,此处表达"用来描述自然和他们的生活的图像",所以用不定式表目的。故填to describe。
【小题38】考查形容词最高级。句意:最古老的汉字符号是在古代动物的骨头上发现的。根据句意可知,此处表示"中国最古老的汉字",所以要用形容词的最高级。故填oldest。
【小题39】考查时态语态。句意:这些有三千年历史的符号,甲骨文,刻在甲壳或动物的骨头上,可以让我们了解古人如何看待周围的世界,以及他们伟大的创造力。根据句意以及上文的"These 3000-year-old symbols"可知,这些文字是在3000年前雕刻,属于过去发生的事实要用一般过去时。主语These 3000-year-old symbols是复数,且与动词carve是被动关系。故填were carved。
【小题40】考查宾语从句。句意见上一题。根据空格前的介词into可知,此处为宾语从句。在宾语从句中,句子不缺成分,表"如何"含义,所以用连接副词how引导宾语从句。故填how。
【小题41】考查副词。句意:当你第一次看到汉字时,你很可能会觉得它们非常复杂。修饰动词feel,应用副词。故填likely。
【小题42】考查名词复数。句意:大约80%的汉字是由较小的部分组成的,这些小部分以许多不同的方式组合起来,形成成千上万个汉字。根据空格前的形容词smaller以及定语从句中的谓语动词are combined可知,此处需要用可数名词part的复数形式。故填parts。
【小题43】考查形容词。句意:幸运的是,你只需要知道两三千字就可以在日常生活中使用。根据空格后的名词life可知,此处填入形容词daily做定语,修饰名词life。故填daily。
【小题44】考查冠词。句意:中国的文字系统构成了一座坚固的桥梁,把现在的中国人和过去的文化联系在一起。名词bridge为可数名词,所以要用冠词修饰。根据句意可知,此处表示"一座坚固的桥梁"是泛指,所以用不定冠词,且strong是辅音音素开头。故填a。
【小题45】考查代词。句意见上一题。此处特指上文所提及的过去的中国人和中国文化,表复数含义,应用those进行指代。故填those。
第三部分 写作
答案：
A Charity Sale for the Flood-stricken Areas
    Last Sunday, our school held a charity sale on the playground to raise money for the flood-stricken areas． All students took part in it．
    At 8:00 a．m． our headmaster made a statement announcing the opening of the charity sale． And then a variety of things made by ourselves were sold． Eventually, we earned 5,000 yuan and donated the money to the charity．
    Thanks to the enthusiasm and selflessness displayed by our classmates, this event turned out to be a great success． We went back home realizing that all of us could make a contribution to our society．
答案：
    I'd hoped to catch the green light, but I missed it． While I was waiting for the red light to turn, all I could think of was "How can I provide for my kids? How can I pay rent? What am I going to do?" Just then he strolled over to my car． He had a big smile and looked me straight in the eyes and said "today I will give you a dollar"． He then reached into his pocket and pulled out a dollar bill． I was blown away, bursting into tears．
    What he gave me was more than a dollar bill． He taught me a valuable lesson． No matter what material things are taken from you, no one can take away your choice to be joyful． My ride home was smooth sailing． I had lost my job and had no savings, but I knew I was blessed! Every time I'm faced with challenges, I always think of the homeless man's valuable lesson and remember that I am blessed． Then, I can get up courage to overcome the difficulties and misfortunes．