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英语选择性必修 第一册Lesson 3 Getting to the Top完整版课件ppt
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这是一份英语选择性必修 第一册Lesson 3 Getting to the Top完整版课件ppt，文件包含UNIT3TOPICTALK课件PPTpptx、UNIT3PartITOPICTALK同步练习含答案docx等2份课件配套教学资源，其中PPT共32页， 欢迎下载使用。
Wh is yur favrite athlete?Talk abut him/her with yur partner.
1 Pair Wrk Discuss the questins. Use the phrases belw t help yu. 1 Which athlete d yu admire mst? Why? 2 What did they d t get t the tp f the sprt? t push neself t the limits t give up everything fr the sprt t live ne’s life t extremes t be willing t d the extra little bit t be ttally fcused n the sprt t strive fr greatness
2 Read the article quickly. Answer the questins. 1 What is the article abut? 2 Is it frm an encyclpaedia entry，an academic bk r pssibly a blg? 3 Wh d yu think the writer is?
Key:1 The article tells the stry f an athlete and the sacrifices she makes fr her sprt.2 I think it is frm a blg.3 I think the writer is a triathlete.
Read paragraphs 1 － 4. Cmplete the infrmatin in the table. Then describe the writer’s situatin t yur partner. The situatin the writer faces Things she gives up as an Olympic athlete Her friends’ wrries and her reactins The fears she faces n a daily basis
Birthday parties，family hlidays，nights ut
She will lse her friends；she knew they were right.
Whether she is pushing the limits t much；whether she is being selfish.
4 Answer the questins based n what yu have read. 1 Did her friend understand her? Why? 2 Did the writer get angry with her friend? Did she try t explain? Why? 3 Was she clear abut why she had chsen t be an athlete? Hw d yu knw?
Key:1 N，he didn’t，because he was afraid that when she reached the tp she wuld have n friends.2 N，she didn’t，because she knew what her friend said was right and she was pushing the limits t hard. She did nt try t explain because mst peple wuld nt understand.3 Yes，she was. Frm the descriptin f her sacrifice we culd knw she is a “g-getter” with an enrmus amunt f drive and determinatin t be the best. We can see that thrugh her descriptins such as “ruining a family hliday in France because f the endless search fr a swimming pl t train in”，“almst missing my brther’s wedding because I was t busy hiring a car in dwntwn Jhannesburg and driving thrugh the ‘n-g ’ areas in rder t d a grup ride with the lcal triathletes.”
Read paragraphs 5 － 8. Identify the reasns why the writer was able t get t the tp. Use a diagram t illustrate and talk abut yur analysis.
Reasns：· get ahead n class wrk rather than g ut and play· get the bus n her wn at ten years ld· g t swim 100 lengths f the pl while ther kids played pl games· the nly girl in a rugby club f 250 bys
6 Read the article again. What d the phrases r sentence refer t in the article?a very gd reasn（line 3）n a day-t-day basis（line 12）The list is endless.（line 19）an enrmus amunt f drive and determinatin（line 20）three r fur utstanding years f winning stuff（lines 37 － 38）
Key:· “A very gd reasn” refers that “it takes a lt t be at the tp”.· “On a day-t-day basis” refers t every day.· “The list is endless.” refers t “cuntless birthday parties and nights ut I have missed，ruining a family hliday in France because f the endless search fr swimming pl t train in，almst missing my brther’s wedding because I was t busy hiring a car in dwntwn Jhannesburg and driving thrugh the ‘n-g ’ areas in rder t d a grup ride with the lcal triathletes.” · “An enrmus amunt f drive and determinatin” refers that “frm a small girl，I wuld stay in at lunch time just t get ahead n class wrk rather than g ut and play；I wuld get the bus n my wn at ten years ld and g t swim 100 lengths f the pl while ther kids played pl games；I was the nly girl in a rugby club f 250 bys. I have always lived my life t extremes.”· “Three r fur utstanding years f winning stuff” refers that “if yur dream is t be the best and reach the winner’s platfrm，yu had better be ttally cmmitted t yur sprt.”
Which statements d yu think are true accrding t the article? Why? 1 The writer is a prfessinal triathlete. 2 Her first sprt was rugby. 3 At first，she was afraid t jin the rugby club because it had 250 bys. 4 She missed many birthday parties，ruined family hlidays and skipped nights ut fr the sprt she devted herself t. 5 What makes an Olympic champin stand ut frm ther cmpetitrs is the special talent she r he has. 6 Althugh she knws that her way f life is unbalanced r unhealthy，she is determined t cntinue.
Key:I think the first ne is true. The writer says “These are the fears I face as a prfessinal athlete n a day-t-day basis.” And she als mentins swimming and riding. I think number 4 is true，because she says “I miss birthday parties，ruin family hlidays and skip nights ut” and “missing my brther’s rder t d a grup ride with the lcal triathletes”. I think number 6 is als true，because we can see frm “It is certainly nt a balanced way t live and it is certainly nt nrmal but thse wrds are generally nt used fr anyne wh is striving fr greatness.”
8 Grup Wrk Think and share. 1 What are the three mst imprtant reasns why the writer was able t get t the tp? Find evidence t supprt yur cnclusin. 2 What is yur pinin abut the writer’s attitude and cmmitment t the prfessin she has chsen?
Key:1 The first imprtant reasn is that she was brn with an enrmus amunt f drive and determinatin （in Paragraph 5 ）. The secnd imprtant reasn is that she has always lived her life t extremes，whatever it is she is applying herself t（in Paragraph 6 ）. The third reasn is that as a prfessinal athlete she is prepared t d that little extra in her preparatin that sets her apart frm her cmpetitrs （in Paragraph 8）.2 I think she will get t the tp because she has s much cmmitment t the prfessin she has chsen and she is s determined t be the best.
Cmplete the summary using the crrect frm f the wrds and expressins belw. enrmus utstanding extreme cuntlessintensity length selfish nrmalbil dwn t apply myselfIt 1 this：I was brn with an 2 amunt f drive and determinatin.In my attempt t strive fr greatness，I made 3 sacrifice，living my life t4 where every wrkut had a mental 5 that seemed t muchfr mst peple. If yu are nt ttally cmmitted t yur sprt and want t lead a6 life，yu can never be a（n）7 athlete，let alne an Olympicchampin. Yu may think it is unhealthy r 8 t g t these 9 ，butthat is the way I rll，n matter what I’m 10 t.
bils dwn t
intensity
utstanding
applying myself
FOCUS ON LANGUAGE：ARTICLES10 Cmplete the sentences with definite article the r zer articles. 1 Why d Olympic athletes push themselves t limits? 2 I miss birthday parties，ruin family hlidays and skip nights ut. 3 “We’re wrried abut yu，”said my friend frm acrss table. 4 Dn’t they knw hw hard it is t be at tp in sprt? 5 I was t busy hiring a car in dwntwn Jhannesburg. 6 I was brn with an enrmus amunt f drive and determinatin. 7 I was nly girl in a rugby club f 250 bys. 8 But if yur dream is t be best and reach the winner’s platfrm， yu had better be ttally cmmitted t yur sprt.
FOCUS ON LANGUAGE：ARTICLES11 Find examples fr the rules abut definite article the and zer articles frm the sentences in Activity 10. We use the definite article the： · when there is nly ne f smething（e. g. the tp）. · when we refer t smething unique（e. g. ）. · fr superlatives（e. g. ）. · fr knwn things that d nt need t be intrduced r explained（e. g. ）. · fr certain idims（e. g. ）. We use the zer article： ·with prper nuns，i. e. the names f peple and places（e. g. ）. ·with plural cuntable nuns referring t things in general（e. g. ）. ·with uncuntable nuns referring t smething in general（e. g. ）.
the nly girl
the sacrifices
acrss the table，put the limit
Jhannesburg
birthday parties
FOCUS ON LANGUAGE：ARTICLESCmplete the sentences with“the”r “/”.1 Hw far is it frm capital city? 2 Did yu see last episde f Heres?3 I’ve bught a new phne. phne’s gt a fantastic camera.4 Wh is best singer at the mment? 5 All children shuld d sprts when they are at schl.6 Is that huse where yu grew up?
/ /
13 Grup Wrk Chse the fur mst imprtant things yu need t get t the tp. Then rank yur chices frm 1（mst imprtant）t 4（least imprtant）. Share yur list with the ther grup members. Give reasns fr yur chices. □ intelligence □ determinatin □ patience □ mental tughness □ cncentratin □ self-discipline
Language pints
Ⅰ 阅读理解（根据课文内容选择正确答案） 1. What can we knw frm the first paragraph? A. Olympic athletes usually push themselves t the limits. B. Olympic athletes always miss birthday parties，ruin family hlidays and skip nights ut. C. Olympic athletes have n fun t train with. D. Olympic athletes have n ne t share their medals with. 2. We learn frm the passage that a prfessinal athlete . A. is always tired and every wrkut has a mental intensity that mst can handle B. may face fears and make sacrifices n a day-t-day basis C. may be selfish nt t have fun with families and friends D. may have fun t train with and the nly gal is t win medals in the games
3. We can infer frm the fifth paragraph that the authr is . A. ptimistic and stubbrn B. determined and devted C. hard-wrking and easy-ging D. friendly and mild 4. What takes an athlete t the tp accrding t the passage? A. Being willing t d that extra little bit. B. Being injured in the training r the games. C. Missing s much fun. D. Winning the gld medal f the Olympics.
II 语法填空（根据课文内容和语法规则完成短文） As ne f the Olympic 1 （ athlete），it is hard t be at the tp in sprt. I was pushing the limits and 2 （ extreme）beynd what mst thught were healthy. These are the fears I face as 3 prfessinal athlete n a day-t-day basis. I may miss 4 （end） fun and make sacrifices in the daily life. Fr example，I have missed cuntless birthday parties and nights ut. It may be because I was brn with an enrmus amunt f drive and 5______________ （determine）. I have always lived my life 6 extremes，which is the way I rll，n matter what it is I’m applying 7 （ I）t. As an athlete，if yur dream is t be the best and reach the winner’s platfrm，yu had better be ttally 8 （ cmmit）t yur sprt. In the wrds f the British triathlete Alistair Brwnlee，even if it means getting injured，“I’d prefer 9 （have）three r fur utstanding years f winning stuff than having ten years f being average.”Ding 10 we d as athletes sets us apart because we are willing t d that extra little bit that might take us t the tp.
determinatin
Ⅲ 概要写作 阅读课文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
The passage mainly tells us that Olympic athletes may push themselves t the limits and extremes beynd what mst think are healthy. They may make sacrifices in the daily life and fear a lt，but they apply themselves t their dreams and are willing t d that extra little bit that might take them t the tp.
教材原句p.36 t live ne’s life t extremes活到极致1 extreme n. & adj.（1）n. 极端g t extremes 走极端搭配in the extreme 极其，非常t extremes 至极端It’s unfrtunate that the yung man tends t g t extremes in handling prblems.不幸的是，这个年轻人在处理问题上易走极端。Their cmmunicatin systems are inefficient in the extreme.他们通信系统的效率极其低下。（2）adj. 极端的；极度的extreme cld 严寒 extreme care 极其小心 extreme weather 极端天气【词语积累】extremely adv. 非常，极其 extremely imprtant/useful 极为重要/ 有用The prfessr’s advice is extremely imprtant t me.这位教授的建议对我来说是非常重要的。
题组练·领悟方法 核心词汇
单句语法填空（1） It was nly after he had read the papers that Mr Grss realised that the task befre him was （extreme）difficult t cmplete. （2） The jurney wuld be dangerus the extreme. （3） Mst peple I knw wrk fairly hard but she takes it extremes. （4） She had gne t （extreme）t avid seeing him. 完成句子（5） They ften （走极端） in their views. （6） Her vice was sft （非常）.
extremely
extremes
g t extremes
in the extreme
教材原句p.36 As ne f the Olympic athletes，I miss birthday parties，ruin family hlidays and skip nights ut， but there is a very gd reasn fr giving up s much. 作为一名奥林匹克运动员，我错过生日聚会、破坏家庭旅行、放弃夜晚外出，但是放弃这么多是有合理的理由的。2 ruin vt. & n. （1）vt. 糟蹋，毁坏；使破产，毁灭Staying up late every night ruins his health. 每晚熬夜损害了他的健康。The injury in the leg has ruined the career f the cmpetitr. 腿上的伤毁了这个选手的职业生涯。（2）n. 毁坏，毁灭；废墟，残垣断壁be/lie in ruins 成为废墟，破败不堪；崩溃，垮掉搭配leave sth in ruins 使……成为废墟g t ruin/fall int ruin 衰落，败落the ruins f... ……的遗迹He was desperate t find that his hmetwn lay in ruins after the fld. 发现他的家乡在洪水过后变成一片废墟，他绝望了。 Their very shape has made them less likely t fall int ruin. 它们的这种形状使它们不太可能倒塌。
单句语法填空（1） The girl，whse health （ruin） after taking the medicine，was nly six years ld. （2） The ecnmy was ruins after the war. （3） A large number f buildings were in （ruin）after the disaster. 完成句子（4） The temple has （破败不堪）and needs repairing. （5） The vilent earthquake （毁了他们的生活）. （6） His father had let the farm （衰落）. （7） The whle city （成为废墟）after the big earthquake.
was ruined
fallen int ruin
ruined their lives
g t ruin/fall int ruin
was/lay in ruins
3 skip v.（skipped，skipping）不做（本来应做的事）；略过，跳过；蹦跳着走skip breakfast 不吃早饭 skip schl/class 逃学 / 逃课 skip a grade 跳级 skip the first chapter 跳过第一章 skip ver the details 略过细节 He skipped the dull parts f the bk. 他把书的枯燥部分跳过去不读。He lacks mtivatin fr study and ften skips class. 他缺乏学习动力，经常逃课。 单句语法填空（1） Lambs （skip）happily in the field and cws chewed grass n the farm. （2） Dancing and （skip）with jy， the children fllwed their parents t the village. （3） She ften （skip） the new wrds when she reads.
skipped
skipping
教材原句p.36 He was wrried that I had n lnger becme fun t train with and that I was in danger f being left with nly a wrld champinship medal and n ne t share it with. 他担心和我一起训练不再是一件愉悦的事情，担心我处于只剩下世界冠军的奖牌而无人可以分享的危险境地。4 be left with 剩有，被留给Future generatins will be left with pllutin and destructin if we dn’t take effective measures t prtect ur glbe. 如果我们不采取有效措施保护我们的地球，留给子孙后代的将会是污染和破坏。【归纳拓展】 将……留给……照管；将……留给……处理leave sb alne 不去打扰某人；不管，不过问 leave behind 把……抛在后面；超过leave fr 动身去…… leave ut 漏掉；不包括；不提及leave ff 停止，中断He left fr a strange place，leaving the familiar surrundings behind frever.他去了一个陌生的地方，永远地离开了熟悉的环境。He was s absrbed in the details that he left ut the main cntent. 他太专注于细节，以致漏掉了主要内容。
单句语法填空（1）The yung cmpetitr sn left the thers far . （2） She left New Yrk last year. （3） Mary left the children her mther while she went n hliday. （4） I ntice that the advertisement leaves the price f the prduct. （5） Yu can leave a message his secretary. 完成句子（6） Why shuld these decisins （被留给）him? （7） She （漏掉）an imprtant item in her accunt. （8） She wants t think things ut quietly，s we had better （不打扰她）.
be left with
left ut
leave her alne
教材原句p.36 I was always tired and every wrkut had a mental intensity that seemed t much fr mst t handle. 我总是疲惫不堪，每次训练带来的心理压力对于大多数人来说都难以应对。5 wrkut n. 训练，锻炼My daily rutine includes ging t the gym fr a wrkut befre ging t bed. 我的日常活动之一是在睡觉前去健身房锻炼。【归纳拓展】 由短语转化而来的词汇： wrk ut 锻炼→ wrkut n. 锻炼 break dwn 出故障→ breakdwn n. 故障take ff 起飞→ take-ff n. 起飞 break ut 爆发→ utbreak n. 爆发wear ut 磨损→ wrn ut adj. 破烂不堪的It desn’t cme as a shck that the fuel and cling systems are the mst cmmn causes f breakdwn. 不足为怪的是，燃料和冷却系统是故障的最常见原因。【学法点拨】 wrk ut 一词多义： 锻炼，健身（= exercise）；成功地发展（不及物动词短语）；计算出； 制订出；理解，弄明白，解决He wrked ut a plan t wrk ut fr thirty minutes every day t keep fit. And it wrked ut. 他制订了一个每天锻炼三十分钟以保持健康的计划。结果成功了。
单句语法填空（1） We’re trying t wrk hw t finish the prject. （2） That child can wear a pair f shes in a mnth. 写出下列句中 wrk ut 的含义（3） She wrked ut the prblem with n difficulty. _______ （4） These athletes wrk ut at the gym fr tw hurs every day. _______ （5） It wasn’t t lng befre we had wrked ut a plan acceptable t all. _______ 完成句子（6） The plt is very cmplicated—it’ll take yu a while t （弄明白它）. （7） If yu want t keep fit，yu’d better （锻炼）in a gym regularly. （8） Teachers are suppsed t teach teenagers （如何解决） the psychlgical prblems.
wrk it ut
hw t wrk ut
教材原句p.36 was t busy hiring a car in dwntwn Jhannesburg... ……我忙于在约翰内斯堡市中心租车…… 6 hire vt. & n. （1）vt. 租用，雇用hire sth ut 出租某物 搭配hire neself ut（t sb）受雇于hire sb t d sth 雇用某人做某事It is apparent frm the fact that hiring a flat when yu stay in Eurpe is cheaper. 很显然，当你住在欧洲时，租用一套公寓更便宜。（2）n. 租借，租赁，租用The cstumes are n hire frm the lcal theatre. 戏装可向本地剧院租用。
【词语辨析】hire，rent 与 emply （1）hire（短期）雇用，租用，后接人/ 车/ 船等（2）rent 租赁，后接房屋/ 土地等（3）emply（长期）雇用，后接人He hired a truck t help him in mving int his new huse. 他租了一辆卡车来帮助他搬进新家。The cmpany emplyed fifty emplyees. 这家公司雇了50 名雇员。The flat rents fr $50 a week. 这套公寓每周租金为 50 美元。
单句语法填空（1） They hire bats t peple n hliday. （2） Farmers used t hire （they）ut fr the summer. （3） The prfessr hired a yung man （drive）fr him every day. 选词填空（hire/rent/emply） （4） It’s standard practice fr a cmpany like this ne t a security fficer. （5） I tk my driving license with me n hliday，in case I wanted t a car. （6） I wuld rather have my wn huse than . 完成句子（7）We shuld （租一个大厅）t hld such a meeting. （8）He （受雇于）an American traveller and wrked as a translatr.
themselves
t drive
hire a hall
hired himself ut t
教材原句p.36 It bils dwn t this：I was brn with an enrmus amunt f drive and determinatin. 归根结底：我天生就是个特别有干劲儿和意志力的人。7 bil vi. & vt.（使）沸腾，煮沸bil dwn t sth 归结为；要点是搭配bil away 不断沸腾；煮干bil ver 沸腾溢出It may all bil dwn t a misunderstanding. 这一切可以归结为一场误会。A watched pt never bils. 心急水不开。 See t the sup. Dn’t let it bil ver. 照看一下汤，不要让它溢出来。【学法点拨】 biling water 沸腾的水，强调水正在沸腾，水是热的，而biled water 开过的水，水可冷可热。
单句语法填空（1） It all bils dwn ne thing— human nature. （2） The water in the kettle had all biled . （3） Turn ff the gas；the milk is biling . （4）Warm the pt by puring in a little （bil）water，and then empty it ut. （5） D yu want a （bil）egg fr breakfast?
教材原句p.36 Frm a small girl，I wuld stay in at lunch time just t get ahead n class wrk rather than g ut and play... 我还是个小女孩时，为了在课业上名列前茅，午餐时间我会留下来学习而不出去玩…… 8 stay in 待在家里He never stays in a single night. He ges ut every night. 他从不在家过夜，他每晚都外出。Let’s stay in tnight and read，instead f ging t the cinema. 今天晚上咱们就在家里看书，不去看电影。【归纳拓展】 stay up 熬夜，深夜不睡 stay（at）hme 待在家里（= stay in） stay in bed 卧床 stay behind 留下stay healthy 保持健康（= keep healthy） stay awake 保持清醒（= keep awake） He stayed up fr cuntless days t play cmputer games. 他为了玩电脑游戏而熬夜了无数天。He wrks ut every mrning t stay healthy. 他每天早上锻炼以保持健康。
单句语法填空（1） Sme peple stayed after the meeting. （2） She said she was staying tnight t wash her hair. （3） Staying t ften des harm t peple’s health. 完成句子（4） They ften （熬夜）late t make preparatins fr the cming event. （5） We （待在家里） almst every night and watch televisin. （6） The by finds it s difficult t （保持清醒）during histry lessns.
stay up
stay in
stay awake
教材原句p.36 wuld get the bus n my wn at ten years ld and g t swim 100 lengths f the pl while ther kids played pl games...……十岁的时候，当别的孩子在泳池戏水时，我会自己乘公共汽车去游泳池游50 个来回…… 9 length n. 长度搭配 in length 在长度上 at length 长时间地；详尽地；最后Altgether Dlly lived six and a half years，half the length f the life f the riginal sheep. 多莉总共存活了六年半，这是它的原型羊寿命的一半。The rm he has just rented is abut 9 metres in length and 3 metres wide. 他刚租的房间长约9 米，宽约3 米。Well，we have discussed the matter at length. 嗯，这件事我们已经仔细讨论过了。
【归纳拓展】 lng adj. 长的→ length n. 长度→ lengthen v.（使）变长wide adj. 宽的→ width n. 宽度→ widen v.（使）变宽high adj. 高的→ height n. 高度→ heighten v.（使）加强，（使）提高deep adj. 深的→ depth n. 深度→ deepen v.（使）变深strng adj. 强壮的→ strength n. 力量，体力→ strengthen v.（使）变强The days are beginning t lengthen. 白天开始变长了。The ftball team has been strengthened by the arrival f tw new players. 足球队因两名新球员的到来而增强了实力。
单句语法填空（1） The （lng）f the time needed has a clse assciatin with the amunt f wrk. （2） The days （lng）with summer appraching. （3） They talked length abut the cmedy that he wuld star in. （4） The river is 300 miles length. （5） In this game，yu need mre science than （strng）. （6） The yung man dived t a （deep） f 40 feet. 完成句子（7）This canteen is （……的两倍长）the drmitry. （8）The emplyees spke （详尽地）abut their experiences. （9） “Yu we me an explanatin，”he said （最后）.
lengthen
strength
twice the length f
at length
at length
教材原句p.37 Call it unhealthy if yu want，but that is the way I rll，n matter what it is I’m applying myself t. 你若说这是一种病态也行，但这就是我的做事风格，不管做什么我都会全力以赴。10 apply neself t 努力；专心致志于…… He has been applying himself t achieving his persnal ambitin. 他一直致力于实现他的个人目标。In spite f much nise，he still applied himself t reading. 尽管有很多噪音，他仍然专心致志地读书。【归纳拓展】 apply ne’s mind t（ding）sth 专心致志于（做）某事 apply t d sth 申请做某事apply（t sb）fr sth（向某人）申请某物 把……应用于……（t 是介词） Yu shall apply yur mind t learning English. 你应该专心致志学习英语。He applied t jin the Party. 他申请入党。 He has applied t the cmpany fr a jb. 他已向那家公司申请了一份工作。In this way they can better apply thery t practice. 这样他们就能更好地把理论运用到实践中去。
【词语积累】 applicant n. 申请人 applicatin n. 申请；应用The applicant was ver the age limit and，as a result，her applicatin was rejected. 这名申请人超过了年龄限制，结果她的申请被拒绝了。
单句语法填空（1） That is why electricity has a wide range f （apply）in industry. （2） The pverty-stricken families can apply the lcal gvernment financial and technical help. （3） Firstly，I am just a graduate frm an rdinary high schl and I wnder what qualificatins are required fr （applicant）. （4） Nw lts f new technlgies can be applied t （slve）prblems in industry. 完成句子（5） Over the past days，the cach （一直专心于）selecting best athletes. （6）We shuld （把理论运用到实践中）；therwise，it is n use. （7） I suggest yu （申请）membership. Members can get a 15% discunt.
applicatins
t fr
applicants
has been applying himself t
apply thery t practice
apply fr
教材原句p.37 If yu want t be an Olympic champin，it’s all abut that little extra thing yu have dne in yur preparatin that will set yu apart frm yur cmpetitrs. 如果你想成为奥运冠军，就要在训练中多付出那额外的一点点，它将使你从竞争者中脱颖而出。11 set sb/sth apart（frm）使与众不同His use f language set him apart frm mst ther mdern writers. 他对语言的运用使他与其他大多数现代作家截然不同。And his strng views abut life set him apart frm mst ther Americans. 并且他有关生活的强烈观点，使他有别于大多数其他美国人。【归纳拓展】 set（sth）apart fr 留出，拨出 fall apart 破碎；分裂；崩溃take apart 拆开 tell apart 区分开tear apart 使分裂 draw apart 拉开apart frm
除……之外（还）= besides 除……之外（都）= except
The by felt guilty because he tk his father’s cmputer apart secretly and it brke dwn. 那个男孩感到很内疚，因为他偷偷地拆开了他父亲的电脑，结果电脑坏了。T tell the truth，I culdn’t tell these tw wrds apart. 说实话，我分不清这两个词。
完成句子（1） The bk was ld and sn （散架）. （2） It’s difficult t （区分开这两个女孩）. （3） Can yu （拉开窗帘）? （4） Her bright red scarf （使她与众不同）frm the ther girls. （5） She flded the paper and （撕开）. （6） I have （留出）a little mney fr ur hlidays. （7） Pat （拆开）the TV set and spread the bits all ver the carpet. （8） （除了结局），it’s a really gd film.
fell apart
tell the tw girls apart
draw the curtains apart
set her apart
tre it apart
set apart
Apart frm the ending
教材原句p.37 In the wrds f the British triathlete Alistair Brwnlee，even if it means getting injured... 用英国铁人三项运动员阿里斯泰尔·布朗利的话来说，即使这意味着受伤…… 12 injured adj. 受伤的搭配 get/be injured 受伤 the injured 伤者（指一类人，作主语时，谓语动词用复数） The terrible fire ruined his huse and he gt injured seriusly. 那场可怕的大火烧毁了他的房子，他受了重伤。The injured were carried away n stretchers. 伤员被用担架抬走了。 【词语积累】 injure vt. 伤害 injury n. 伤害【词语辨析】injure，hurt 与 wund （1）injure 尤指在事故中受伤。（2）hurt 指弄伤、（使）疼痛。（3）wund 尤指用刀、枪等武器伤害。He was badly injured in the accident. 他在事故中受了重伤。 I didn’t hurt yur feelings n purpse. 我不是故意伤害你的感情的。 Ten persns were wunded in the shting. 十人在枪击中受伤。
单句语法填空（1） Trying t help （injure），displaced r sick creatures can be heartbreaking. （2） In the traffic accident，ten were killed and eight （injure）. （3） She still suffers cnsiderable discmfrt frm her （injure）. （4） The plice are waiting t interview the （injure）man. 选词填空（injure/hurt/wund） （5） The bullet ne f the brave sldiers in the shulder. （6） Yu shuld make an aplgy t my sister because what yu said her feelings. （7） Tm his legs in a skating accident.
were injured
injured/hurt
13 average adj. & n. （1）adj. 平庸的，普通的；平均的the average persn 普通人 an average student 一个中等生 （be）f average height 中等个头 an average cst/price 平均成本 / 价格 average rainfall 平均降雨量 peple’s average incme人们的平均收入 （2）n. 平均水平；平均数n average 平均来看搭配an average f 平均…… the average f...……的平均数abve/belw average 高于/ 低于平均水平On average，wmen live between five and seven years lnger than men. 平均来看，女性比男性寿命长 5 至 7 年。It takes an average f a mnth fr a huse sale t be cmpleted. 售出一幢房子平均需要一个月的时间。T tell the truth，his perfrmance in the interview is belw average. 说实话，他在面试中的表现低于平均水平。
单句语法填空（1） He is very clever and his IQ is average. （2） average，men still earn mre than wmen. （3） Temperatures are average fr the time f year. It is still cld utside. 完成句子（4） Parents spend （平均）＄220 a year n tys fr their children. （5） Their husehld incmes have increased by 20% （平均）. （6） He was a gd student and scred （在平均水平以上）in mst subjects.
an average f
abve average
重点句式 教材原句p.36 I culd have becme angry r defensive. 我本可以生气或者辩解一下的。【句式分析】“情态动词 + have dne”可表示对过去事情的推测或 假设。1 情态动词 + have dne I culd have dne it better if given mre time. 如果给我更多的时间，我本可以做得更好。【归纳拓展】 culd have dne 本能够做而未做can’t/culdn’t have dne 不可能做过may/might have dne 有可能做过must have dne 一定做过shuld/ught t have dne 本应该做而未做 shuldn’t/ughtn’t t have dne 本不该做却做了needn’t have dne 本没有必要做却做了
Yu didn’t d the experiment well that day. Yu culd have dne it better. 你那天实验做得不好。你本可以做得更好。Yu ught nt t have been guilty abut the matter. It was nt yu that were t blame. 你不应该对这件事感到内疚。该承担责任的不是你。 Yu shuldn’t have given away the secret. 你本不该泄露这个秘密的。Yur firm is nt far frm here，s yu needn’t have left in such a hurry then. 你的公司离这儿不远，因此你当时没必要那么匆忙离开的。【误区警示】 在虚拟条件句中，如果表示与过去事实相反的情况，从句中谓语应使用过去完成时，主句中谓语则使用 culd/wuld/might have dne 结构。If we had taken turns t drive the car，I wuld nt have been s tired. 如果我们轮流开车的话，我就不会这么累了。
单句语法填空（1） Yu culd （d）it better，but yu were t careless. （2） A big fire happened last night. They nt have put the petrl in their huse. （3） She might （achieve）success if yu had given her mre chances. （4） He ught t （graduate）last year，but his paper failed. （5） I nt have given him mre supprt. He is very independent. （6） The mnster have appeared，fr there are sme claw marks n the grund. 完成句子（7） She （本没必要打扫）the ffice. Her clleague cleaned it this mrning. （8） Yu （本该给予他一些支持）when he was in truble. （9） We （本能够到得更早一些）if we had taken the ther rad.
have achieved
have graduated
needn’t have cleaned
shuld have given him sme supprt
culd have arrived earlier
教材原句p.37 Call it unhealthy if yu want，but that is the way I rll，n matter what it is I’m applying myself t. 你若说这是一种病态也行，但这就是我的做事风格，不管做什么我都会全力以赴。【句式分析】该复合句中 if yu want 为 if 引导的条件状语从句。I rll 是定语从句，修饰 the way。n matter what 引导让步状语从句， 意为“不管什么……，无论什么……”，相当于 whatever。2 “n matter + 疑问词”引导让步状语从句N matter what happens（= Whatever happens），yu shuldn’t skip class. 无论发生什么，你都不应该翘课。 N matter what/Whatever he is wearing，yu must serve him. 不管他穿着什么衣服，你都必须接待他。
【学法点拨】 （1）whatever，whichever，whever，whenever，hwever 引导让步状 语从句，通常可以转换为“n matter + 疑问词”。（2）whatever，whichever，whever，whmever 还可引导名词性从句， 此时不能转换为“n matter + 疑问词”。Whatever crime ne cmmits，he will be brught t justice fr sure. 一个人无论犯了什么罪，一定会被绳之以法。（whatever 引导让步状语从句，可与n matter what 互换） It’s generally cnsidered unwise t give a child whatever he wants. 一个小孩想要什么就给他什么，一般被认为是不明智的。（whatever 引导宾语从句，不能与n matter what 互换）
单句语法填空（1） N matter yu may d，d it well. （2） N matter carefully I explained， she still didn’t understand. （3） N matter he is，he makes it a rule t g fr a walk befre breakfast. 完成句子（4） （不管你怎么努力尝试），it is difficult t lse weight withut cutting dwn the amunt yu eat. （5） We prmise （无论谁参加聚会）a chance t have a pht taken with the mvie star. （6） Yur supprt is imprtant t ur wrk. （无论你能做什么） helps. （7） （无论她去哪里），there are crwds f peple waiting t see her.
Hwever/N matter hw hard yu try
whever attends the party
Whatever yu can d
Wherever/N matter where she ges
单元语法 冠词1 定冠词 the 的用法（1）表示特定的或上文中提到的人或事物。 There is a cat in the tree. The cat is black. 树上有一只猫，这只猫是黑色的。 （2）特指说话双方都知道的人或事物。 The dg is sick. 这只狗生病了。（双方都知道是哪一只狗） （3）用在单数可数名词前，表示一类人或事物。 The dg is the faithful friend f human beings. 狗是人类忠实的朋友。 （4）用于表示独一无二的事物的名词前。 If nly I culd fly t the mn and d sme research there! 要是我能飞到月球上去，并在那里做些研究就好了！ （5）用于表示方向、方位的名词前。 The sun rises in the east and falls in the west. 太阳从东方升起，从西方落下。（6）用于序数词或形容词的最高级前。 One f the greatest ambitins f him is t find a cure fr cancer. 他最大的雄心之一是找到治疗癌症的方法。
【误区警示】 序数词前也可加不定冠词，表示“又一，再一”或动作的重复。（7）用于某些形容词前，表示一类人。 The injured are being treated in the hspital. 伤者正在医院接受治疗。（8）用于由普通名词构成的专有名词前，表示国家、党派、组织、机 构、报刊、朝代、 海洋、河流、山脉、群岛等。 The Peple’s Republic f China was funded n Octber 1st，1949. 中华人民共和国于1949 年10 月1 日成立。（9）用在姓氏的复数形式前，表示“夫妇”或“全家”。 The Smiths are desperate t wn a new huse f their wn. 史密斯一家渴望拥有他们自己的一所新房子。（10）用于被演奏的西方乐器前。 The man wh is playing the pian is an utstanding pianist. 正在弹钢琴的那个人是一位杰出的钢琴家。（11）用于某个世纪的某个年代前。 The film was set in the 1930s in Shanghai. 这部电影以20 世纪30 年代的上海为背景。
（12）用于某些表示国家和民族的形容词前，泛指全体。 The Chinese are brave and hard-wrking. 中国人勤劳勇敢。 （13）用于习惯用语或固定搭配中。at the same time 与此同时 in the way 碍事，挡道make the bed 铺床 at the end f 在……的末尾in the end 最后 all the time 一直by the way 顺便说一下 n the way 在路上
单句语法填空（1） girls in this schl wear red shirts. （2） There is a pen n the desk. pen is Jhn’s. （3） mnkey is an intelligent animal. （4） As we all knw， earth travels arund the sun. （5） A helicpter is n left and a tram is n the right. （6） This is mst beautiful scenery I have seen. （7） Sme dgs are trained t help blind. （8） Tang Dynasty is a very imprtant perid in Chinese histry. （9）We will g t the seaside with Smiths. （10）Yu must hand in yur essay at end f this mnth. （11）This is very bk I’m lking fr. （12）In 1990s cmputers became ppular and were widely used in ur life. （13）The mre yu repeat the new wrds， better yu’ll remember. （14）He is very man we need t clean the wall f the building. （15）We are twins，but we dn’t lk same.
完成句子（16）这个故事发生在19 世纪60 年代。 The stry happens . （17）与此同时，他专心于与一家国外公司合作。 ，he applied himself t the cperatin with a cmpany abrad. （18）格林一家正在飞往上海的途中。 are flying t Shanghai.
in the 1860s（1860’s）
At the same time
The Greens
2 不定冠词 a/an 的用法（1）用在单数可数名词前，泛指一类人或事物。 A hrse is a useful animal since the ancient times. 自古以来，马就是一种有用的动物。（2）表示数量“一个”，相当于 ne，但语意较弱。 We can nly brrw a/ne bk frm the library at a/ne time. 我们一次只能从图书馆借一本书。（3）表示单位，相当于 every 或 per，有“每一”的意思。 He can travel 30 kilmetres an hur by bike. 他骑自行车每小时可以骑30 公里。（4）用于某些不可数的物质名词前，表示“一种、一类、一份、一场、 一阵”等。 A rain can refresh urselves in the ht summer. 在炎热的夏天，一场雨可以使我们恢复精神。（5）用于某些固定词组中。 a little/few 少量 a gd/great many 许多 many a/an 许多 in a hurry 匆忙as a rule 通常，一般来说 all f a sudden 突然 keep an eye n 注意 have a try 试一试
单句语法填空（1） eagle is a fierce bird. （2） by is usually taller than a girl f his age. （3） The dctr tld me t take this medicine three times day. （4） In the distance turist is sitting n the rck. （5） Jane was caught in heavy rain. （6） His assistant cpied the data and left in hurry. （7） All f sudden the netwrk brke dwn. （8） number f peple rushed there in search f gld.
3 零冠词的用法（1）表示泛指的复数名词前不用冠词。They are teachers and thse sitting next are dctrs. 他们是老师，那些坐在他们旁边的是医生。（2）表示语言、学科的名词前不用冠词。English is f great significance in internatinal cmmunicatin. 英语在国际交流中很重要。（3）名词前有形容词性物主代词、指示代词、不定代词、名词所有格 等修饰或限定时 不用冠词。The Yellw River is ur mther river. 黄河是我们的母亲河。 （4）表示人名、地名的专有名词前不用冠词（由普通名词构成的专 有名词除外）。He vlunteered t wrk in Africa last year. 去年他志愿到非洲工作。 【误区警示】 当表示“像……那样的人或事物”“一个名叫……的人”时，专有名词前可以用不定冠词。A Mr Li is waiting fr yu at the schl gate. 一位李先生正在学校门口等你。
（5）表示泛指的物质名词、抽象名词前不用冠词。Failure is the mther f success. 失败乃成功之母。 【误区警示】 有些抽象名词用来指具体的人或事物时，其前可加不定冠词，如 success，failure，excitement，pleasure，pity 等。It is a great pleasure t get t knw such an extrardinary scientist. 认识这样一位杰出的科学家是一件很荣幸的事。（6）表示季节、月份、星期、节假日、三餐、球类、棋类等的名词前不用冠词。【误区警示】 季节、月份、星期、三餐等前的冠词要依据具体情况而定，并非所有的这些名词前都不加冠词。（7）称呼语或表头衔的名词（作表语、同位语、补足语时）前面不用 冠词。He is president f an internatinal cmpany. 他是一家跨国公司的总裁。
（8）“by + 交通工具名词”的短语中不用冠词。We can nly have access t the island by bat. 我们只能乘船去那个岛。 （ 9）有些表示场所、地点的名词前用不用定冠词 the 意思差别很大。 加上冠词表示“具体场所或位置”，不加冠词往往表示“社会功能或用途属性”。He has been in prisn fr three years. 他已经入狱三年了。 My brther has wrked in the prisn fr three years. 我哥哥已经在监狱工作三年了。（10）某些固定词组中不用冠词： ①成双成对出现的名词短语中。day and night 夜以继日 here and there 到处 ②一些介词短语中。 in search f 寻找 in respnse t 对……的回应 in additin t 除……之外还…… in place f 代替 in fact/reality 事实上，实际上
完成句子（1） （孩子们） are attracted by the suvenirs brught back by their father. （2） （英语） is widely used all arund the wrld. （3） （北京）is the capital city f China and it is the centre f plitics and culture. （4） There is （一位怀特先生）in the cmmittee. （5） Just as the saying ges， （理论始于实践）. （6） The film sht by him is （一大成功）. （7） I cntacted my friend （在星期天）. （8） The prfessinal player invited his cach t （吃午饭）. （9） I nly remember that the matter happened （在一个冬天）. （10）We all （选王鹏为我们的班长）.
a Mr White
thery begins with practice
a big success
have lunch
in a winter
elected Wang Peng ur mnitr
（11）The turists can g t the harbur （乘公交车）. （12）We （去上学）every day t learn mre knwledge. （13）When I came int the rm，he was sitting （在桌子旁）reading a newspaper. （14）I think it necessary fr us t have a talk （面对面地）. （15）He has succeeded in his career，but as a father，he is （一个失败者）. （16）He （去医院看病）the ther day and came acrss an ld friend. （17） （事实上）， few can devte his entire energy t his wrk. （18）What did the lcal gvernment d （作为对……的回应）the matter?
at the table
face t face
went t hspital
In fact/reality
in respnse t
Wh is yur favrite athlete?Talk abut him/her with yur partner.
1 Pair Wrk Discuss the questins. Use the phrases belw t help yu. 1 Which athlete d yu admire mst? Why? 2 What did they d t get t the tp f the sprt? t push neself t the limits t give up everything fr the sprt t live ne’s life t extremes t be willing t d the extra little bit t be ttally fcused n the sprt t strive fr greatness
2 Read the article quickly. Answer the questins. 1 What is the article abut? 2 Is it frm an encyclpaedia entry，an academic bk r pssibly a blg? 3 Wh d yu think the writer is?
Key:1 The article tells the stry f an athlete and the sacrifices she makes fr her sprt.2 I think it is frm a blg.3 I think the writer is a triathlete.
Read paragraphs 1 － 4. Cmplete the infrmatin in the table. Then describe the writer’s situatin t yur partner. The situatin the writer faces Things she gives up as an Olympic athlete Her friends’ wrries and her reactins The fears she faces n a daily basis
Birthday parties，family hlidays，nights ut
She will lse her friends；she knew they were right.
Whether she is pushing the limits t much；whether she is being selfish.
4 Answer the questins based n what yu have read. 1 Did her friend understand her? Why? 2 Did the writer get angry with her friend? Did she try t explain? Why? 3 Was she clear abut why she had chsen t be an athlete? Hw d yu knw?
Key:1 N，he didn’t，because he was afraid that when she reached the tp she wuld have n friends.2 N，she didn’t，because she knew what her friend said was right and she was pushing the limits t hard. She did nt try t explain because mst peple wuld nt understand.3 Yes，she was. Frm the descriptin f her sacrifice we culd knw she is a “g-getter” with an enrmus amunt f drive and determinatin t be the best. We can see that thrugh her descriptins such as “ruining a family hliday in France because f the endless search fr a swimming pl t train in”，“almst missing my brther’s wedding because I was t busy hiring a car in dwntwn Jhannesburg and driving thrugh the ‘n-g ’ areas in rder t d a grup ride with the lcal triathletes.”
Read paragraphs 5 － 8. Identify the reasns why the writer was able t get t the tp. Use a diagram t illustrate and talk abut yur analysis.
Reasns：· get ahead n class wrk rather than g ut and play· get the bus n her wn at ten years ld· g t swim 100 lengths f the pl while ther kids played pl games· the nly girl in a rugby club f 250 bys
6 Read the article again. What d the phrases r sentence refer t in the article?a very gd reasn（line 3）n a day-t-day basis（line 12）The list is endless.（line 19）an enrmus amunt f drive and determinatin（line 20）three r fur utstanding years f winning stuff（lines 37 － 38）
Key:· “A very gd reasn” refers that “it takes a lt t be at the tp”.· “On a day-t-day basis” refers t every day.· “The list is endless.” refers t “cuntless birthday parties and nights ut I have missed，ruining a family hliday in France because f the endless search fr swimming pl t train in，almst missing my brther’s wedding because I was t busy hiring a car in dwntwn Jhannesburg and driving thrugh the ‘n-g ’ areas in rder t d a grup ride with the lcal triathletes.” · “An enrmus amunt f drive and determinatin” refers that “frm a small girl，I wuld stay in at lunch time just t get ahead n class wrk rather than g ut and play；I wuld get the bus n my wn at ten years ld and g t swim 100 lengths f the pl while ther kids played pl games；I was the nly girl in a rugby club f 250 bys. I have always lived my life t extremes.”· “Three r fur utstanding years f winning stuff” refers that “if yur dream is t be the best and reach the winner’s platfrm，yu had better be ttally cmmitted t yur sprt.”
Which statements d yu think are true accrding t the article? Why? 1 The writer is a prfessinal triathlete. 2 Her first sprt was rugby. 3 At first，she was afraid t jin the rugby club because it had 250 bys. 4 She missed many birthday parties，ruined family hlidays and skipped nights ut fr the sprt she devted herself t. 5 What makes an Olympic champin stand ut frm ther cmpetitrs is the special talent she r he has. 6 Althugh she knws that her way f life is unbalanced r unhealthy，she is determined t cntinue.
Key:I think the first ne is true. The writer says “These are the fears I face as a prfessinal athlete n a day-t-day basis.” And she als mentins swimming and riding. I think number 4 is true，because she says “I miss birthday parties，ruin family hlidays and skip nights ut” and “missing my brther’s rder t d a grup ride with the lcal triathletes”. I think number 6 is als true，because we can see frm “It is certainly nt a balanced way t live and it is certainly nt nrmal but thse wrds are generally nt used fr anyne wh is striving fr greatness.”
8 Grup Wrk Think and share. 1 What are the three mst imprtant reasns why the writer was able t get t the tp? Find evidence t supprt yur cnclusin. 2 What is yur pinin abut the writer’s attitude and cmmitment t the prfessin she has chsen?
Key:1 The first imprtant reasn is that she was brn with an enrmus amunt f drive and determinatin （in Paragraph 5 ）. The secnd imprtant reasn is that she has always lived her life t extremes，whatever it is she is applying herself t（in Paragraph 6 ）. The third reasn is that as a prfessinal athlete she is prepared t d that little extra in her preparatin that sets her apart frm her cmpetitrs （in Paragraph 8）.2 I think she will get t the tp because she has s much cmmitment t the prfessin she has chsen and she is s determined t be the best.
Cmplete the summary using the crrect frm f the wrds and expressins belw. enrmus utstanding extreme cuntlessintensity length selfish nrmalbil dwn t apply myselfIt 1 this：I was brn with an 2 amunt f drive and determinatin.In my attempt t strive fr greatness，I made 3 sacrifice，living my life t4 where every wrkut had a mental 5 that seemed t muchfr mst peple. If yu are nt ttally cmmitted t yur sprt and want t lead a6 life，yu can never be a（n）7 athlete，let alne an Olympicchampin. Yu may think it is unhealthy r 8 t g t these 9 ，butthat is the way I rll，n matter what I’m 10 t.
bils dwn t
intensity
utstanding
applying myself
FOCUS ON LANGUAGE：ARTICLES10 Cmplete the sentences with definite article the r zer articles. 1 Why d Olympic athletes push themselves t limits? 2 I miss birthday parties，ruin family hlidays and skip nights ut. 3 “We’re wrried abut yu，”said my friend frm acrss table. 4 Dn’t they knw hw hard it is t be at tp in sprt? 5 I was t busy hiring a car in dwntwn Jhannesburg. 6 I was brn with an enrmus amunt f drive and determinatin. 7 I was nly girl in a rugby club f 250 bys. 8 But if yur dream is t be best and reach the winner’s platfrm， yu had better be ttally cmmitted t yur sprt.
FOCUS ON LANGUAGE：ARTICLES11 Find examples fr the rules abut definite article the and zer articles frm the sentences in Activity 10. We use the definite article the： · when there is nly ne f smething（e. g. the tp）. · when we refer t smething unique（e. g. ）. · fr superlatives（e. g. ）. · fr knwn things that d nt need t be intrduced r explained（e. g. ）. · fr certain idims（e. g. ）. We use the zer article： ·with prper nuns，i. e. the names f peple and places（e. g. ）. ·with plural cuntable nuns referring t things in general（e. g. ）. ·with uncuntable nuns referring t smething in general（e. g. ）.
the nly girl
the sacrifices
acrss the table，put the limit
Jhannesburg
birthday parties
FOCUS ON LANGUAGE：ARTICLESCmplete the sentences with“the”r “/”.1 Hw far is it frm capital city? 2 Did yu see last episde f Heres?3 I’ve bught a new phne. phne’s gt a fantastic camera.4 Wh is best singer at the mment? 5 All children shuld d sprts when they are at schl.6 Is that huse where yu grew up?
/ /
13 Grup Wrk Chse the fur mst imprtant things yu need t get t the tp. Then rank yur chices frm 1（mst imprtant）t 4（least imprtant）. Share yur list with the ther grup members. Give reasns fr yur chices. □ intelligence □ determinatin □ patience □ mental tughness □ cncentratin □ self-discipline
Language pints
Ⅰ 阅读理解（根据课文内容选择正确答案） 1. What can we knw frm the first paragraph? A. Olympic athletes usually push themselves t the limits. B. Olympic athletes always miss birthday parties，ruin family hlidays and skip nights ut. C. Olympic athletes have n fun t train with. D. Olympic athletes have n ne t share their medals with. 2. We learn frm the passage that a prfessinal athlete . A. is always tired and every wrkut has a mental intensity that mst can handle B. may face fears and make sacrifices n a day-t-day basis C. may be selfish nt t have fun with families and friends D. may have fun t train with and the nly gal is t win medals in the games
3. We can infer frm the fifth paragraph that the authr is . A. ptimistic and stubbrn B. determined and devted C. hard-wrking and easy-ging D. friendly and mild 4. What takes an athlete t the tp accrding t the passage? A. Being willing t d that extra little bit. B. Being injured in the training r the games. C. Missing s much fun. D. Winning the gld medal f the Olympics.
II 语法填空（根据课文内容和语法规则完成短文） As ne f the Olympic 1 （ athlete），it is hard t be at the tp in sprt. I was pushing the limits and 2 （ extreme）beynd what mst thught were healthy. These are the fears I face as 3 prfessinal athlete n a day-t-day basis. I may miss 4 （end） fun and make sacrifices in the daily life. Fr example，I have missed cuntless birthday parties and nights ut. It may be because I was brn with an enrmus amunt f drive and 5______________ （determine）. I have always lived my life 6 extremes，which is the way I rll，n matter what it is I’m applying 7 （ I）t. As an athlete，if yur dream is t be the best and reach the winner’s platfrm，yu had better be ttally 8 （ cmmit）t yur sprt. In the wrds f the British triathlete Alistair Brwnlee，even if it means getting injured，“I’d prefer 9 （have）three r fur utstanding years f winning stuff than having ten years f being average.”Ding 10 we d as athletes sets us apart because we are willing t d that extra little bit that might take us t the tp.
determinatin
Ⅲ 概要写作 阅读课文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
The passage mainly tells us that Olympic athletes may push themselves t the limits and extremes beynd what mst think are healthy. They may make sacrifices in the daily life and fear a lt，but they apply themselves t their dreams and are willing t d that extra little bit that might take them t the tp.
教材原句p.36 t live ne’s life t extremes活到极致1 extreme n. & adj.（1）n. 极端g t extremes 走极端搭配in the extreme 极其，非常t extremes 至极端It’s unfrtunate that the yung man tends t g t extremes in handling prblems.不幸的是，这个年轻人在处理问题上易走极端。Their cmmunicatin systems are inefficient in the extreme.他们通信系统的效率极其低下。（2）adj. 极端的；极度的extreme cld 严寒 extreme care 极其小心 extreme weather 极端天气【词语积累】extremely adv. 非常，极其 extremely imprtant/useful 极为重要/ 有用The prfessr’s advice is extremely imprtant t me.这位教授的建议对我来说是非常重要的。
题组练·领悟方法 核心词汇
单句语法填空（1） It was nly after he had read the papers that Mr Grss realised that the task befre him was （extreme）difficult t cmplete. （2） The jurney wuld be dangerus the extreme. （3） Mst peple I knw wrk fairly hard but she takes it extremes. （4） She had gne t （extreme）t avid seeing him. 完成句子（5） They ften （走极端） in their views. （6） Her vice was sft （非常）.
extremely
extremes
g t extremes
in the extreme
教材原句p.36 As ne f the Olympic athletes，I miss birthday parties，ruin family hlidays and skip nights ut， but there is a very gd reasn fr giving up s much. 作为一名奥林匹克运动员，我错过生日聚会、破坏家庭旅行、放弃夜晚外出，但是放弃这么多是有合理的理由的。2 ruin vt. & n. （1）vt. 糟蹋，毁坏；使破产，毁灭Staying up late every night ruins his health. 每晚熬夜损害了他的健康。The injury in the leg has ruined the career f the cmpetitr. 腿上的伤毁了这个选手的职业生涯。（2）n. 毁坏，毁灭；废墟，残垣断壁be/lie in ruins 成为废墟，破败不堪；崩溃，垮掉搭配leave sth in ruins 使……成为废墟g t ruin/fall int ruin 衰落，败落the ruins f... ……的遗迹He was desperate t find that his hmetwn lay in ruins after the fld. 发现他的家乡在洪水过后变成一片废墟，他绝望了。 Their very shape has made them less likely t fall int ruin. 它们的这种形状使它们不太可能倒塌。
单句语法填空（1） The girl，whse health （ruin） after taking the medicine，was nly six years ld. （2） The ecnmy was ruins after the war. （3） A large number f buildings were in （ruin）after the disaster. 完成句子（4） The temple has （破败不堪）and needs repairing. （5） The vilent earthquake （毁了他们的生活）. （6） His father had let the farm （衰落）. （7） The whle city （成为废墟）after the big earthquake.
was ruined
fallen int ruin
ruined their lives
g t ruin/fall int ruin
was/lay in ruins
3 skip v.（skipped，skipping）不做（本来应做的事）；略过，跳过；蹦跳着走skip breakfast 不吃早饭 skip schl/class 逃学 / 逃课 skip a grade 跳级 skip the first chapter 跳过第一章 skip ver the details 略过细节 He skipped the dull parts f the bk. 他把书的枯燥部分跳过去不读。He lacks mtivatin fr study and ften skips class. 他缺乏学习动力，经常逃课。 单句语法填空（1） Lambs （skip）happily in the field and cws chewed grass n the farm. （2） Dancing and （skip）with jy， the children fllwed their parents t the village. （3） She ften （skip） the new wrds when she reads.
skipped
skipping
教材原句p.36 He was wrried that I had n lnger becme fun t train with and that I was in danger f being left with nly a wrld champinship medal and n ne t share it with. 他担心和我一起训练不再是一件愉悦的事情，担心我处于只剩下世界冠军的奖牌而无人可以分享的危险境地。4 be left with 剩有，被留给Future generatins will be left with pllutin and destructin if we dn’t take effective measures t prtect ur glbe. 如果我们不采取有效措施保护我们的地球，留给子孙后代的将会是污染和破坏。【归纳拓展】 将……留给……照管；将……留给……处理leave sb alne 不去打扰某人；不管，不过问 leave behind 把……抛在后面；超过leave fr 动身去…… leave ut 漏掉；不包括；不提及leave ff 停止，中断He left fr a strange place，leaving the familiar surrundings behind frever.他去了一个陌生的地方，永远地离开了熟悉的环境。He was s absrbed in the details that he left ut the main cntent. 他太专注于细节，以致漏掉了主要内容。
单句语法填空（1）The yung cmpetitr sn left the thers far . （2） She left New Yrk last year. （3） Mary left the children her mther while she went n hliday. （4） I ntice that the advertisement leaves the price f the prduct. （5） Yu can leave a message his secretary. 完成句子（6） Why shuld these decisins （被留给）him? （7） She （漏掉）an imprtant item in her accunt. （8） She wants t think things ut quietly，s we had better （不打扰她）.
be left with
left ut
leave her alne
教材原句p.36 I was always tired and every wrkut had a mental intensity that seemed t much fr mst t handle. 我总是疲惫不堪，每次训练带来的心理压力对于大多数人来说都难以应对。5 wrkut n. 训练，锻炼My daily rutine includes ging t the gym fr a wrkut befre ging t bed. 我的日常活动之一是在睡觉前去健身房锻炼。【归纳拓展】 由短语转化而来的词汇： wrk ut 锻炼→ wrkut n. 锻炼 break dwn 出故障→ breakdwn n. 故障take ff 起飞→ take-ff n. 起飞 break ut 爆发→ utbreak n. 爆发wear ut 磨损→ wrn ut adj. 破烂不堪的It desn’t cme as a shck that the fuel and cling systems are the mst cmmn causes f breakdwn. 不足为怪的是，燃料和冷却系统是故障的最常见原因。【学法点拨】 wrk ut 一词多义： 锻炼，健身（= exercise）；成功地发展（不及物动词短语）；计算出； 制订出；理解，弄明白，解决He wrked ut a plan t wrk ut fr thirty minutes every day t keep fit. And it wrked ut. 他制订了一个每天锻炼三十分钟以保持健康的计划。结果成功了。
单句语法填空（1） We’re trying t wrk hw t finish the prject. （2） That child can wear a pair f shes in a mnth. 写出下列句中 wrk ut 的含义（3） She wrked ut the prblem with n difficulty. _______ （4） These athletes wrk ut at the gym fr tw hurs every day. _______ （5） It wasn’t t lng befre we had wrked ut a plan acceptable t all. _______ 完成句子（6） The plt is very cmplicated—it’ll take yu a while t （弄明白它）. （7） If yu want t keep fit，yu’d better （锻炼）in a gym regularly. （8） Teachers are suppsed t teach teenagers （如何解决） the psychlgical prblems.
wrk it ut
hw t wrk ut
教材原句p.36 was t busy hiring a car in dwntwn Jhannesburg... ……我忙于在约翰内斯堡市中心租车…… 6 hire vt. & n. （1）vt. 租用，雇用hire sth ut 出租某物 搭配hire neself ut（t sb）受雇于hire sb t d sth 雇用某人做某事It is apparent frm the fact that hiring a flat when yu stay in Eurpe is cheaper. 很显然，当你住在欧洲时，租用一套公寓更便宜。（2）n. 租借，租赁，租用The cstumes are n hire frm the lcal theatre. 戏装可向本地剧院租用。
【词语辨析】hire，rent 与 emply （1）hire（短期）雇用，租用，后接人/ 车/ 船等（2）rent 租赁，后接房屋/ 土地等（3）emply（长期）雇用，后接人He hired a truck t help him in mving int his new huse. 他租了一辆卡车来帮助他搬进新家。The cmpany emplyed fifty emplyees. 这家公司雇了50 名雇员。The flat rents fr $50 a week. 这套公寓每周租金为 50 美元。
单句语法填空（1） They hire bats t peple n hliday. （2） Farmers used t hire （they）ut fr the summer. （3） The prfessr hired a yung man （drive）fr him every day. 选词填空（hire/rent/emply） （4） It’s standard practice fr a cmpany like this ne t a security fficer. （5） I tk my driving license with me n hliday，in case I wanted t a car. （6） I wuld rather have my wn huse than . 完成句子（7）We shuld （租一个大厅）t hld such a meeting. （8）He （受雇于）an American traveller and wrked as a translatr.
themselves
t drive
hire a hall
hired himself ut t
教材原句p.36 It bils dwn t this：I was brn with an enrmus amunt f drive and determinatin. 归根结底：我天生就是个特别有干劲儿和意志力的人。7 bil vi. & vt.（使）沸腾，煮沸bil dwn t sth 归结为；要点是搭配bil away 不断沸腾；煮干bil ver 沸腾溢出It may all bil dwn t a misunderstanding. 这一切可以归结为一场误会。A watched pt never bils. 心急水不开。 See t the sup. Dn’t let it bil ver. 照看一下汤，不要让它溢出来。【学法点拨】 biling water 沸腾的水，强调水正在沸腾，水是热的，而biled water 开过的水，水可冷可热。
单句语法填空（1） It all bils dwn ne thing— human nature. （2） The water in the kettle had all biled . （3） Turn ff the gas；the milk is biling . （4）Warm the pt by puring in a little （bil）water，and then empty it ut. （5） D yu want a （bil）egg fr breakfast?
教材原句p.36 Frm a small girl，I wuld stay in at lunch time just t get ahead n class wrk rather than g ut and play... 我还是个小女孩时，为了在课业上名列前茅，午餐时间我会留下来学习而不出去玩…… 8 stay in 待在家里He never stays in a single night. He ges ut every night. 他从不在家过夜，他每晚都外出。Let’s stay in tnight and read，instead f ging t the cinema. 今天晚上咱们就在家里看书，不去看电影。【归纳拓展】 stay up 熬夜，深夜不睡 stay（at）hme 待在家里（= stay in） stay in bed 卧床 stay behind 留下stay healthy 保持健康（= keep healthy） stay awake 保持清醒（= keep awake） He stayed up fr cuntless days t play cmputer games. 他为了玩电脑游戏而熬夜了无数天。He wrks ut every mrning t stay healthy. 他每天早上锻炼以保持健康。
单句语法填空（1） Sme peple stayed after the meeting. （2） She said she was staying tnight t wash her hair. （3） Staying t ften des harm t peple’s health. 完成句子（4） They ften （熬夜）late t make preparatins fr the cming event. （5） We （待在家里） almst every night and watch televisin. （6） The by finds it s difficult t （保持清醒）during histry lessns.
stay up
stay in
stay awake
教材原句p.36 wuld get the bus n my wn at ten years ld and g t swim 100 lengths f the pl while ther kids played pl games...……十岁的时候，当别的孩子在泳池戏水时，我会自己乘公共汽车去游泳池游50 个来回…… 9 length n. 长度搭配 in length 在长度上 at length 长时间地；详尽地；最后Altgether Dlly lived six and a half years，half the length f the life f the riginal sheep. 多莉总共存活了六年半，这是它的原型羊寿命的一半。The rm he has just rented is abut 9 metres in length and 3 metres wide. 他刚租的房间长约9 米，宽约3 米。Well，we have discussed the matter at length. 嗯，这件事我们已经仔细讨论过了。
【归纳拓展】 lng adj. 长的→ length n. 长度→ lengthen v.（使）变长wide adj. 宽的→ width n. 宽度→ widen v.（使）变宽high adj. 高的→ height n. 高度→ heighten v.（使）加强，（使）提高deep adj. 深的→ depth n. 深度→ deepen v.（使）变深strng adj. 强壮的→ strength n. 力量，体力→ strengthen v.（使）变强The days are beginning t lengthen. 白天开始变长了。The ftball team has been strengthened by the arrival f tw new players. 足球队因两名新球员的到来而增强了实力。
单句语法填空（1） The （lng）f the time needed has a clse assciatin with the amunt f wrk. （2） The days （lng）with summer appraching. （3） They talked length abut the cmedy that he wuld star in. （4） The river is 300 miles length. （5） In this game，yu need mre science than （strng）. （6） The yung man dived t a （deep） f 40 feet. 完成句子（7）This canteen is （……的两倍长）the drmitry. （8）The emplyees spke （详尽地）abut their experiences. （9） “Yu we me an explanatin，”he said （最后）.
lengthen
strength
twice the length f
at length
at length
教材原句p.37 Call it unhealthy if yu want，but that is the way I rll，n matter what it is I’m applying myself t. 你若说这是一种病态也行，但这就是我的做事风格，不管做什么我都会全力以赴。10 apply neself t 努力；专心致志于…… He has been applying himself t achieving his persnal ambitin. 他一直致力于实现他的个人目标。In spite f much nise，he still applied himself t reading. 尽管有很多噪音，他仍然专心致志地读书。【归纳拓展】 apply ne’s mind t（ding）sth 专心致志于（做）某事 apply t d sth 申请做某事apply（t sb）fr sth（向某人）申请某物 把……应用于……（t 是介词） Yu shall apply yur mind t learning English. 你应该专心致志学习英语。He applied t jin the Party. 他申请入党。 He has applied t the cmpany fr a jb. 他已向那家公司申请了一份工作。In this way they can better apply thery t practice. 这样他们就能更好地把理论运用到实践中去。
【词语积累】 applicant n. 申请人 applicatin n. 申请；应用The applicant was ver the age limit and，as a result，her applicatin was rejected. 这名申请人超过了年龄限制，结果她的申请被拒绝了。
单句语法填空（1） That is why electricity has a wide range f （apply）in industry. （2） The pverty-stricken families can apply the lcal gvernment financial and technical help. （3） Firstly，I am just a graduate frm an rdinary high schl and I wnder what qualificatins are required fr （applicant）. （4） Nw lts f new technlgies can be applied t （slve）prblems in industry. 完成句子（5） Over the past days，the cach （一直专心于）selecting best athletes. （6）We shuld （把理论运用到实践中）；therwise，it is n use. （7） I suggest yu （申请）membership. Members can get a 15% discunt.
applicatins
t fr
applicants
has been applying himself t
apply thery t practice
apply fr
教材原句p.37 If yu want t be an Olympic champin，it’s all abut that little extra thing yu have dne in yur preparatin that will set yu apart frm yur cmpetitrs. 如果你想成为奥运冠军，就要在训练中多付出那额外的一点点，它将使你从竞争者中脱颖而出。11 set sb/sth apart（frm）使与众不同His use f language set him apart frm mst ther mdern writers. 他对语言的运用使他与其他大多数现代作家截然不同。And his strng views abut life set him apart frm mst ther Americans. 并且他有关生活的强烈观点，使他有别于大多数其他美国人。【归纳拓展】 set（sth）apart fr 留出，拨出 fall apart 破碎；分裂；崩溃take apart 拆开 tell apart 区分开tear apart 使分裂 draw apart 拉开apart frm
除……之外（还）= besides 除……之外（都）= except
The by felt guilty because he tk his father’s cmputer apart secretly and it brke dwn. 那个男孩感到很内疚，因为他偷偷地拆开了他父亲的电脑，结果电脑坏了。T tell the truth，I culdn’t tell these tw wrds apart. 说实话，我分不清这两个词。
完成句子（1） The bk was ld and sn （散架）. （2） It’s difficult t （区分开这两个女孩）. （3） Can yu （拉开窗帘）? （4） Her bright red scarf （使她与众不同）frm the ther girls. （5） She flded the paper and （撕开）. （6） I have （留出）a little mney fr ur hlidays. （7） Pat （拆开）the TV set and spread the bits all ver the carpet. （8） （除了结局），it’s a really gd film.
fell apart
tell the tw girls apart
draw the curtains apart
set her apart
tre it apart
set apart
Apart frm the ending
教材原句p.37 In the wrds f the British triathlete Alistair Brwnlee，even if it means getting injured... 用英国铁人三项运动员阿里斯泰尔·布朗利的话来说，即使这意味着受伤…… 12 injured adj. 受伤的搭配 get/be injured 受伤 the injured 伤者（指一类人，作主语时，谓语动词用复数） The terrible fire ruined his huse and he gt injured seriusly. 那场可怕的大火烧毁了他的房子，他受了重伤。The injured were carried away n stretchers. 伤员被用担架抬走了。 【词语积累】 injure vt. 伤害 injury n. 伤害【词语辨析】injure，hurt 与 wund （1）injure 尤指在事故中受伤。（2）hurt 指弄伤、（使）疼痛。（3）wund 尤指用刀、枪等武器伤害。He was badly injured in the accident. 他在事故中受了重伤。 I didn’t hurt yur feelings n purpse. 我不是故意伤害你的感情的。 Ten persns were wunded in the shting. 十人在枪击中受伤。
单句语法填空（1） Trying t help （injure），displaced r sick creatures can be heartbreaking. （2） In the traffic accident，ten were killed and eight （injure）. （3） She still suffers cnsiderable discmfrt frm her （injure）. （4） The plice are waiting t interview the （injure）man. 选词填空（injure/hurt/wund） （5） The bullet ne f the brave sldiers in the shulder. （6） Yu shuld make an aplgy t my sister because what yu said her feelings. （7） Tm his legs in a skating accident.
were injured
injured/hurt
13 average adj. & n. （1）adj. 平庸的，普通的；平均的the average persn 普通人 an average student 一个中等生 （be）f average height 中等个头 an average cst/price 平均成本 / 价格 average rainfall 平均降雨量 peple’s average incme人们的平均收入 （2）n. 平均水平；平均数n average 平均来看搭配an average f 平均…… the average f...……的平均数abve/belw average 高于/ 低于平均水平On average，wmen live between five and seven years lnger than men. 平均来看，女性比男性寿命长 5 至 7 年。It takes an average f a mnth fr a huse sale t be cmpleted. 售出一幢房子平均需要一个月的时间。T tell the truth，his perfrmance in the interview is belw average. 说实话，他在面试中的表现低于平均水平。
单句语法填空（1） He is very clever and his IQ is average. （2） average，men still earn mre than wmen. （3） Temperatures are average fr the time f year. It is still cld utside. 完成句子（4） Parents spend （平均）＄220 a year n tys fr their children. （5） Their husehld incmes have increased by 20% （平均）. （6） He was a gd student and scred （在平均水平以上）in mst subjects.
an average f
abve average
重点句式 教材原句p.36 I culd have becme angry r defensive. 我本可以生气或者辩解一下的。【句式分析】“情态动词 + have dne”可表示对过去事情的推测或 假设。1 情态动词 + have dne I culd have dne it better if given mre time. 如果给我更多的时间，我本可以做得更好。【归纳拓展】 culd have dne 本能够做而未做can’t/culdn’t have dne 不可能做过may/might have dne 有可能做过must have dne 一定做过shuld/ught t have dne 本应该做而未做 shuldn’t/ughtn’t t have dne 本不该做却做了needn’t have dne 本没有必要做却做了
Yu didn’t d the experiment well that day. Yu culd have dne it better. 你那天实验做得不好。你本可以做得更好。Yu ught nt t have been guilty abut the matter. It was nt yu that were t blame. 你不应该对这件事感到内疚。该承担责任的不是你。 Yu shuldn’t have given away the secret. 你本不该泄露这个秘密的。Yur firm is nt far frm here，s yu needn’t have left in such a hurry then. 你的公司离这儿不远，因此你当时没必要那么匆忙离开的。【误区警示】 在虚拟条件句中，如果表示与过去事实相反的情况，从句中谓语应使用过去完成时，主句中谓语则使用 culd/wuld/might have dne 结构。If we had taken turns t drive the car，I wuld nt have been s tired. 如果我们轮流开车的话，我就不会这么累了。
单句语法填空（1） Yu culd （d）it better，but yu were t careless. （2） A big fire happened last night. They nt have put the petrl in their huse. （3） She might （achieve）success if yu had given her mre chances. （4） He ught t （graduate）last year，but his paper failed. （5） I nt have given him mre supprt. He is very independent. （6） The mnster have appeared，fr there are sme claw marks n the grund. 完成句子（7） She （本没必要打扫）the ffice. Her clleague cleaned it this mrning. （8） Yu （本该给予他一些支持）when he was in truble. （9） We （本能够到得更早一些）if we had taken the ther rad.
have achieved
have graduated
needn’t have cleaned
shuld have given him sme supprt
culd have arrived earlier
教材原句p.37 Call it unhealthy if yu want，but that is the way I rll，n matter what it is I’m applying myself t. 你若说这是一种病态也行，但这就是我的做事风格，不管做什么我都会全力以赴。【句式分析】该复合句中 if yu want 为 if 引导的条件状语从句。I rll 是定语从句，修饰 the way。n matter what 引导让步状语从句， 意为“不管什么……，无论什么……”，相当于 whatever。2 “n matter + 疑问词”引导让步状语从句N matter what happens（= Whatever happens），yu shuldn’t skip class. 无论发生什么，你都不应该翘课。 N matter what/Whatever he is wearing，yu must serve him. 不管他穿着什么衣服，你都必须接待他。
【学法点拨】 （1）whatever，whichever，whever，whenever，hwever 引导让步状 语从句，通常可以转换为“n matter + 疑问词”。（2）whatever，whichever，whever，whmever 还可引导名词性从句， 此时不能转换为“n matter + 疑问词”。Whatever crime ne cmmits，he will be brught t justice fr sure. 一个人无论犯了什么罪，一定会被绳之以法。（whatever 引导让步状语从句，可与n matter what 互换） It’s generally cnsidered unwise t give a child whatever he wants. 一个小孩想要什么就给他什么，一般被认为是不明智的。（whatever 引导宾语从句，不能与n matter what 互换）
单句语法填空（1） N matter yu may d，d it well. （2） N matter carefully I explained， she still didn’t understand. （3） N matter he is，he makes it a rule t g fr a walk befre breakfast. 完成句子（4） （不管你怎么努力尝试），it is difficult t lse weight withut cutting dwn the amunt yu eat. （5） We prmise （无论谁参加聚会）a chance t have a pht taken with the mvie star. （6） Yur supprt is imprtant t ur wrk. （无论你能做什么） helps. （7） （无论她去哪里），there are crwds f peple waiting t see her.
Hwever/N matter hw hard yu try
whever attends the party
Whatever yu can d
Wherever/N matter where she ges
单元语法 冠词1 定冠词 the 的用法（1）表示特定的或上文中提到的人或事物。 There is a cat in the tree. The cat is black. 树上有一只猫，这只猫是黑色的。 （2）特指说话双方都知道的人或事物。 The dg is sick. 这只狗生病了。（双方都知道是哪一只狗） （3）用在单数可数名词前，表示一类人或事物。 The dg is the faithful friend f human beings. 狗是人类忠实的朋友。 （4）用于表示独一无二的事物的名词前。 If nly I culd fly t the mn and d sme research there! 要是我能飞到月球上去，并在那里做些研究就好了！ （5）用于表示方向、方位的名词前。 The sun rises in the east and falls in the west. 太阳从东方升起，从西方落下。（6）用于序数词或形容词的最高级前。 One f the greatest ambitins f him is t find a cure fr cancer. 他最大的雄心之一是找到治疗癌症的方法。
【误区警示】 序数词前也可加不定冠词，表示“又一，再一”或动作的重复。（7）用于某些形容词前，表示一类人。 The injured are being treated in the hspital. 伤者正在医院接受治疗。（8）用于由普通名词构成的专有名词前，表示国家、党派、组织、机 构、报刊、朝代、 海洋、河流、山脉、群岛等。 The Peple’s Republic f China was funded n Octber 1st，1949. 中华人民共和国于1949 年10 月1 日成立。（9）用在姓氏的复数形式前，表示“夫妇”或“全家”。 The Smiths are desperate t wn a new huse f their wn. 史密斯一家渴望拥有他们自己的一所新房子。（10）用于被演奏的西方乐器前。 The man wh is playing the pian is an utstanding pianist. 正在弹钢琴的那个人是一位杰出的钢琴家。（11）用于某个世纪的某个年代前。 The film was set in the 1930s in Shanghai. 这部电影以20 世纪30 年代的上海为背景。
（12）用于某些表示国家和民族的形容词前，泛指全体。 The Chinese are brave and hard-wrking. 中国人勤劳勇敢。 （13）用于习惯用语或固定搭配中。at the same time 与此同时 in the way 碍事，挡道make the bed 铺床 at the end f 在……的末尾in the end 最后 all the time 一直by the way 顺便说一下 n the way 在路上
单句语法填空（1） girls in this schl wear red shirts. （2） There is a pen n the desk. pen is Jhn’s. （3） mnkey is an intelligent animal. （4） As we all knw， earth travels arund the sun. （5） A helicpter is n left and a tram is n the right. （6） This is mst beautiful scenery I have seen. （7） Sme dgs are trained t help blind. （8） Tang Dynasty is a very imprtant perid in Chinese histry. （9）We will g t the seaside with Smiths. （10）Yu must hand in yur essay at end f this mnth. （11）This is very bk I’m lking fr. （12）In 1990s cmputers became ppular and were widely used in ur life. （13）The mre yu repeat the new wrds， better yu’ll remember. （14）He is very man we need t clean the wall f the building. （15）We are twins，but we dn’t lk same.
完成句子（16）这个故事发生在19 世纪60 年代。 The stry happens . （17）与此同时，他专心于与一家国外公司合作。 ，he applied himself t the cperatin with a cmpany abrad. （18）格林一家正在飞往上海的途中。 are flying t Shanghai.
in the 1860s（1860’s）
At the same time
The Greens
2 不定冠词 a/an 的用法（1）用在单数可数名词前，泛指一类人或事物。 A hrse is a useful animal since the ancient times. 自古以来，马就是一种有用的动物。（2）表示数量“一个”，相当于 ne，但语意较弱。 We can nly brrw a/ne bk frm the library at a/ne time. 我们一次只能从图书馆借一本书。（3）表示单位，相当于 every 或 per，有“每一”的意思。 He can travel 30 kilmetres an hur by bike. 他骑自行车每小时可以骑30 公里。（4）用于某些不可数的物质名词前，表示“一种、一类、一份、一场、 一阵”等。 A rain can refresh urselves in the ht summer. 在炎热的夏天，一场雨可以使我们恢复精神。（5）用于某些固定词组中。 a little/few 少量 a gd/great many 许多 many a/an 许多 in a hurry 匆忙as a rule 通常，一般来说 all f a sudden 突然 keep an eye n 注意 have a try 试一试
单句语法填空（1） eagle is a fierce bird. （2） by is usually taller than a girl f his age. （3） The dctr tld me t take this medicine three times day. （4） In the distance turist is sitting n the rck. （5） Jane was caught in heavy rain. （6） His assistant cpied the data and left in hurry. （7） All f sudden the netwrk brke dwn. （8） number f peple rushed there in search f gld.
3 零冠词的用法（1）表示泛指的复数名词前不用冠词。They are teachers and thse sitting next are dctrs. 他们是老师，那些坐在他们旁边的是医生。（2）表示语言、学科的名词前不用冠词。English is f great significance in internatinal cmmunicatin. 英语在国际交流中很重要。（3）名词前有形容词性物主代词、指示代词、不定代词、名词所有格 等修饰或限定时 不用冠词。The Yellw River is ur mther river. 黄河是我们的母亲河。 （4）表示人名、地名的专有名词前不用冠词（由普通名词构成的专 有名词除外）。He vlunteered t wrk in Africa last year. 去年他志愿到非洲工作。 【误区警示】 当表示“像……那样的人或事物”“一个名叫……的人”时，专有名词前可以用不定冠词。A Mr Li is waiting fr yu at the schl gate. 一位李先生正在学校门口等你。
（5）表示泛指的物质名词、抽象名词前不用冠词。Failure is the mther f success. 失败乃成功之母。 【误区警示】 有些抽象名词用来指具体的人或事物时，其前可加不定冠词，如 success，failure，excitement，pleasure，pity 等。It is a great pleasure t get t knw such an extrardinary scientist. 认识这样一位杰出的科学家是一件很荣幸的事。（6）表示季节、月份、星期、节假日、三餐、球类、棋类等的名词前不用冠词。【误区警示】 季节、月份、星期、三餐等前的冠词要依据具体情况而定，并非所有的这些名词前都不加冠词。（7）称呼语或表头衔的名词（作表语、同位语、补足语时）前面不用 冠词。He is president f an internatinal cmpany. 他是一家跨国公司的总裁。
（8）“by + 交通工具名词”的短语中不用冠词。We can nly have access t the island by bat. 我们只能乘船去那个岛。 （ 9）有些表示场所、地点的名词前用不用定冠词 the 意思差别很大。 加上冠词表示“具体场所或位置”，不加冠词往往表示“社会功能或用途属性”。He has been in prisn fr three years. 他已经入狱三年了。 My brther has wrked in the prisn fr three years. 我哥哥已经在监狱工作三年了。（10）某些固定词组中不用冠词： ①成双成对出现的名词短语中。day and night 夜以继日 here and there 到处 ②一些介词短语中。 in search f 寻找 in respnse t 对……的回应 in additin t 除……之外还…… in place f 代替 in fact/reality 事实上，实际上
完成句子（1） （孩子们） are attracted by the suvenirs brught back by their father. （2） （英语） is widely used all arund the wrld. （3） （北京）is the capital city f China and it is the centre f plitics and culture. （4） There is （一位怀特先生）in the cmmittee. （5） Just as the saying ges， （理论始于实践）. （6） The film sht by him is （一大成功）. （7） I cntacted my friend （在星期天）. （8） The prfessinal player invited his cach t （吃午饭）. （9） I nly remember that the matter happened （在一个冬天）. （10）We all （选王鹏为我们的班长）.
a Mr White
thery begins with practice
a big success
have lunch
in a winter
elected Wang Peng ur mnitr
（11）The turists can g t the harbur （乘公交车）. （12）We （去上学）every day t learn mre knwledge. （13）When I came int the rm，he was sitting （在桌子旁）reading a newspaper. （14）I think it necessary fr us t have a talk （面对面地）. （15）He has succeeded in his career，but as a father，he is （一个失败者）. （16）He （去医院看病）the ther day and came acrss an ld friend. （17） （事实上）， few can devte his entire energy t his wrk. （18）What did the lcal gvernment d （作为对……的回应）the matter?
at the table
face t face
went t hspital
In fact/reality
in respnse t
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