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高中英语高考第1部分 必修4 Unit 2 2021届人教版英语高考一轮复习同步课件
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这是一份高中英语高考第1部分 必修4 Unit 2 2021届人教版英语高考一轮复习同步课件，共60页。PPT课件主要包含了浪费 ，农业 ，严峻的 ，decline ，求生 ，a lack of ，号召呼吁 ，关心 ，砍伐树木 ，被认为是 等内容，欢迎下载使用。
1 话题词句 • 晨读晚诵
2 必备知识 • 探究提升
3 核心素养 • 重点突破
4 高效演练 • 素能提升
话题词句 • 晨读晚诵
1．waste n．& vt.________2．wrsen v．________________________3．agriculture n．________4．severe adj.__________5．___________ vi.减少；下滑6．the struggle fr survival ________7．___________ 缺少；短缺
恶化；使……变得更坏
8．_____________________使……摆脱掉……9．______________________富含有10．call n/appeal t ____________11．be cncerned abut ________12．cut dwn many trees____________13．be cnsidered ．______________食物供应15．farming methd ____________
be abundant in...
1．________________________，it is _______________ fr us t “clear yur plate”，especially __________________________________.我个人认为：“清干净盘中的食物”对我们来说是一种美德，特别是与朋友聚餐的时候。2．Lts f farmland has been lst ______________________________ industry and urbanizatin.由于工业化和城市化的迅速发展，许多农田已经大量流失。
As far as I’m cncerned
a gd virtue
when having dinner with ur friends
due t the rapid develpment f
3．All animals and plants are imprtant，because each species cntributes t the variety f life frms n the earth and __________________________ maintaining life.所有动植物都是重要的，因为每一物种都有助于地球上生命形式的多样性，而且对维持生命起到了重要的作用。
plays an imprtant rle in
必备知识 • 探究提升
1．__________n.十年；十年期2．________n.土壤3．__________vt.& vi.输出；出口4．__________ vt.遗憾；惋惜n．遗憾；懊悔5．___________ n．评论；议论vi.& vt.表达意见；作出评论
decade sil exprt regret cmment
6．_________n.焦点；中心点vt.集中；聚焦7．_____________ adv.因此；所以；因而8．__________vt.减少；减缩9．____________ vi.& n．斗争；拼搏；努力10．__________vt.& vi.使变大；伸展11．_________ n．谷物；粮食；颗粒12．__________n.战斗；战役
fcus therefre reduce struggle expand grain battle
1．Health and envirnmental prblems have increasingly becme the _________ (焦点) f cncern.2．Tm desn’t have much hmewrk t d this weekend. _____________ (因此)，he will have mre time t read r take exercise.3．The children talked s ludly at dinner table that I had t ____________ (努力) t be heard.4．I _____________ (遗憾) t tell yu that I can’t travel t Beijing tgether with yu at the appinted time.
5．Miss Li went thrugh my cmpsitin and made sme useful ____________ (cmment) abut it. 6．Accrding t the dctr，peple shuld eat less fat t __________ (reduce) the risk f sme diseases. 7．_____________ (expand) yur knwledge by reading mre bks is a wise chice.8．It’s said that the clthes prduced in this factry are mainly ____________ (exprt) t ther cuntries.
1．__________n.饥饿；欲望vt.& vi.(使)饥饿→__________ adj.饥饿的；渴望得到的2．_________ vt.& vi.配备；装备→_____________ n．设备(不可数)3．__________ vt.& vi.输出；出口→__________ (反义词)vt.& vi.输入；进口 4．___________ vt.使迷惑；使为难→_____________ adj.令人迷惑的→____________ adj.感到迷惑的→_____________ n．迷惑
5．_____________n.发现→____________ v. 发现6．_______________n. 国籍→__________ n．国家；民族→____________ adj.民族的7．_______________n.性格；人格→____________ adj.个人的→______________ adv.亲自地；就自己而言8．___________n.自由；自主→________ adj.自由的9．___________ v. 打扰；妨碍；使不安→______________ adj.引起烦恼的；令人不安的→_____________adj.烦恼的；不安的
natinality
persnality
disturbing
1．He was really ____________ by the _____________ prblem which als ____________ ther peple fr a lng time.(cnfuse)2．Our schl ffers gd_____________ and yu will be well ____________ with knwledge and skills fr yur future jb.(equip) 3．______________ news came that the virus spread quickly，which made us rather _____________.(disturb)
Disturbing
4．Madam Curie ______________ Radium，and many scientists were surprised at her _____________ at that time. (discver)5．Wmen have gained the ___________ t decide whether t marry r nt，and they are ________ t chse their jbs at present. (free) 6．Owing t the great __________，a great number f __________ children died. (hungry)
联想积累：1．“因此”家族①therefre adv. 因此；所以②s cnj. 因此；所以③thus adv. 因此；于是④cnsequently adv. 所以；因此⑤as a result 结果；因此
2．“评论”名词知多少①cmment 评论；议论②remark 评论③review 回顾；复习；评论④criticism 批评⑤statement 声明；陈述
3．加后缀－ment构成的名词面面观①equip→equipment 装备②develp→develpment 发展③mve→mvement 移动④establish→establishment 建立⑤emply→emplyment 雇用
Ⅱ．重点短语语境助记写准记牢1．____________ 幸亏；由于；因为2．_______________使……摆脱或除去3．___________________对……感到满意4．_______________ 宁愿；宁可5．___________逐渐增强；建立；开发
thanks t be satisfied with wuld rather build up
6．__________导致；造成(后果)7．___________集中(注意力、精力等)于8．____________ 盛产9．______________________使……免受(影响、伤害等)；使……不含(有害物)10．__________继续做某事
lead t fcus n be rich in frm/f keep n
语境运用1．____________ the high－speed trains，we can g arund all ver the cuntry mre cnveniently.2．It is nt easy fr Jack t _______ himself ______ the bad habit f smking.3．The amazed lk n the English teacher’s face suggested that she ____________________ ur perfrmance.
was satisfied with
4．In recent years，Mrs Brwn _____________ using her blg t encurage thse wh want t fllw her example. 5．Peple frm all walks f life shuld build a sciety where they ________ their children ________________ vilence.6．He learned later that it was his carelessness that _________his failure in the exam.
has kept n
free frm/f
联想积累：1．“be＋adj.＋with”高频短语集锦①be satisfied with对……感到满意②be cntent with对……满意③be pleased with对……满意④be familiar with对……熟悉⑤be bred with对……厌烦⑥be busy with忙于……⑦be ppular with受……欢迎⑧be patient with对……有耐心
2．“集中注意力”聚焦①fcus n集中注意力于②be absrbed in全神贯注于③pay attentin t注意④cncentrate n集中精力于3．free短语荟萃①keep free frm/f使……免受(影响、伤害等)；使……不含(有害物)②as free as a bird自由自在③free and easy自由自在的④set free释放
stay at hme and
the first t taste the delicius fd
hard fr teenagers t fall asleep
核心素养 • 重点突破
1．struggle vi.& vt. 斗争；拼搏；努力
(1)struggle fr为……斗争struggle against/with 同……作斗争struggle t d sth.努力做某事(2)struggle t ne’s feet 挣扎着站起来
单句语法填空。①Despite his terrible injuries，he wuldn’t give up the struggle _______ life.②T get an educatin，he was struggling _________________ many difficulties.③(北京高考)Because a cllege cmmunity (群体) differs frm the family，many students will struggle __________(find) a sense f belnging.
against/with
完成句子。④Bravely，Mary ______________________，and fught against the wind and rain beating against her.玛丽勇敢地挣扎着站起来，同扑向她的暴风雨搏斗着。单句写作。⑤(湖南高考书面表达)海伦·凯勒19个月大时就变得又聋又瞎了，但她从不放弃并努力过积极的生活。Helen Keller became deaf and blind when she was 19 mnths ld，but she never gave up and _________________________ an active life.
struggled t her feet
struggled t lead/live
2．equip vt. (equipped，equipped) 配备；装备
equipment n．装备；设备(不可数名词)
用……装备……be equipped with装备着…… sth./t d sth.为了(做)某事而装备……be well/prly equipped设备精良的/差的a piece f equipment一件设备
equipment为equip的名词形式，意为“设备”“器材”，是不可数名词，表示“一件”这一数量时，其前加a piece f；类似用法的有：furniture，luggage，baggage，jewellery等。
单句语法填空。①We want ur sn t have a gd educatin that will equip him _______ future life.②Please equip yurself ________ a sharp pencil and a rubber fr the exam.③If it were nt fr the mdern _____________ (equip)，such experiments wuld nt be able t be perfrmed.
3．regret vt.遗憾；后悔 n. 遗憾；懊悔；遗憾的事
(1)regret ding/having dne sth.后悔做了某事regret t 遗憾地说/告诉/通知……(2)(much) t ne’s regret/t ne’s (great) regret 使某人(非常)遗憾的是with regret遗憾地
I regretted t tell him that he had been dismissed.T my surprise，he said t me，“I have n regrets.I nly regret having taken the wrng jb.”我遗憾地告诉他他被解雇了。使我惊奇的是，他对我说：“我没有什么遗憾。我唯一后悔的是选错了工作。”
单句语法填空。①I regret ___________(leave) the wrk unfinished; I shuld have planned everything ahead carefully.②I regret __________(tell) yu that yur prblems are beynd my pwer. Yu’ll have t turn t sme ther ne，I’m afraid.③______ my great regret，we have n much time left t discuss the prblem.单句写作。④(山东高考书面表达)我很遗憾地告诉你我不能在约定的时间和你去北京了。_____________________________ g t Beijing with yu at appinted time.
I regret t tell yu that I can’t
4．fcus n．焦点；中心 vt.集中；聚焦
(1)fcus n/upn集中(注意力、精力等)于fcus ne’s attentin/eyes/energy n...把注意力/目光/精力集中在……把……聚集在……上面(2)adjust the fcus调整焦点/焦距in fcus对准焦距ut f fcus没对准焦距，模糊the fcus f attentin/cncern注意力/关注的焦点
完成句子。①(四川高考)If we find thse materials interesting，we’ll ___________________ ____ them fr lng.如果我们发现那些材料有趣，我们的注意力就会长时间集中在它们身上。②(全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)Mst f us _______ mre _____________ ur tasks in the mrning than we are later in the day.我们中的大多数人在早上的时候会比我们在一天中的晚些时候更加集中于我们的工作。
fcus ur attentin
单句语法填空。③With his attentin ___________(fcus) n his hmewrk，he frgt all abut what I had tld him.④Fcusing his attentin ______ urgent prblems，he hardly has time t play games with yu.单句写作。⑤(福建高考书面表达)这表明当今社会的一个普遍现象：孩子是家庭的中心，承载着父母的希望。It shws a cmmn phenmenn nwadays that ___________________________，shuldering the hpe f their parents.
children are the fcus f families
5．cmment n．议论；评论 v．发表意见
(1)cmment/n/upn对……作出评论(2)make a cmment/cmments n/abut对……作出评论n cmment无可奉告
cmment用作及物动词时，其宾语通常只能是that从句，一般不能是名词或代词，若语义上需要接名词或代词作宾语，则通常用cmment n/upn sth.结构。
完成句子。①I’m sure he will surely ________________________ (作出评论)yur wrk if yu ask him t.②Swap summaries with yur partner and ___________________________(互相评论)．
make cmments n/upn
make cmments n each ther
1．lead t导致；造成；通往
lead sb.t d sth.使某人做某事lead sb.t a place带领某人去某地lead the way领路lead sb. by the nse牵着某人的鼻子走lead a 过着……生活
lead t中的t是介词，后接名词、代词或动词－ing形式。表示导致的短语还有：result in，cntribute t，bring abut等。
单句语法填空。①(湖北高考短文写作)Questining can lead t_____________(search)fr an answer.②The discvery f new evidence led t the thief’s _______________(catch)．③In class I will divide the students int small grups and lead them ____________ (practice) speaking English in an interesting way.④Diligence is the path ___________(lead) t happiness.
being caught
t practice
一言辨异。⑤With him _________________ we gt there withut any difficulty. But fr him，we wuld have been lst，which wuld __________ serius cnsequences. His actin __________________ that he was ur true friend.有他带路，我们毫不费力地到达了那里。要不是他，我们就有可能迷路了，这会导致严重的后果。他的行为使我们相信他是我们真正的朋友。
leading the way
led us t believe
2．build up 逐渐增强；增强……的体质；建立；创办；开发；聚集；积累
pick up 捡起；(无意中)学会；接收take up 拿起；开始；从事hang up 挂起来；挂断电话dress up 穿上盛装；打扮make up 虚构；弥补；组成shw up 出现；露面bring up 抚养；教养break up 分裂；打碎
写出下列句中build up的含义。①Fr ne thing，it nt nly helps t build up ur physical health，but helps us learn mre effectively in turn.__________________②He devted himself t building up the ruined cuntry.________③Dn’t let yur anger build up，which is harmful t yur health.________④His cnfidence built up gradually as he gained mre and mre experience in teaching.____________
选用up短语填空。⑤It didn’t take me lng t __________ the basic knwledge f the language.⑥We were _____________ fr the party but she was still in her rdinary clthes.⑦Many retired peple __________ gardening as a hbby.
dressed up
3．If s，what did yu d t grw them?如果是这样的话，你怎样来种植这些植物？
if s如果是这样的话，是if引导的条件状语从句的省略形式，表示肯定意义；如果表示否定意义，则用if nt。when，whenever，thugh，althugh，unless等连词也常见于省略句结构中。
if构成的其他省略形式：if any如果有的话if pssible如果可能的话if necessary如果必要的话if ever如果有过的话(曾经发生)
完成句子。①Is anybdy feeling cld? _________，let us pen the windws!有人感到冷吗？如果没有的话 ，我们把窗子打开吧！②______________，try t g t bed and wake up at the same time every day.如果可能的话，尝试每天都在同一时间睡觉和起床。③She seldm，__________，ges t the pera.她很少去看歌剧。
If pssible
单句写作。④(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)我是李华，我想知道周末你是否有空。如果有空我和你面谈有关餐桌礼仪的问题。I’m Li Hua. I’m wndering if yu are available at the weekend. ___________________________________________________________________
If s，I want t take abut the Chinese table manners with yu face t face.
4．He wuld much rather keep time fr his hbbies.他宁愿把时间花在自己的业余爱好上。
完成句子。①I wuld rather yu _______________(finish) yur hmewrk yesterday.②She wuld rather yu ________(cme) tmrrw than tday.③T live a lw－carbn life，sme peple wuld rather ________(take) the bus than drive a car t wrk.
had finished
单句写作。④(全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)与给他们买饺子相比，我们更愿意自己亲手为他们包可口的饺子。We _____________________________________ with ur wn hands ________ buy sme fr them.→We _____________ delicius dumplings with ur wn hands _________________ sme fr them.
wuld rather make delicius dumplings
rather than buy
5．Dr.Yuan Lngping grws what is called super hybrid rice.袁隆平博士种植的是被称为“超级杂交水稻”的稻种。
句中what is called super hybrid rice为宾语从句，作grws的宾语。what可引导名词性从句，意为“所……的”，what在从句中可以作主语，表语，宾语等。
完成句子。①A mdern city has been set up in _____________________(是一片荒地的地方)ten years ag.②After _______________________(似乎很长时间)，the bus arrived.③The village has changed greatly.It’s n lnger _____________________________ (过去的样子)．④Perseverance is a kind f quality—that’s _______________(所需要的) t d anything.
what was a wasteland
what seemed a lng time
what it used t be(＝what it was)
what it takes
高效演练 • 素能提升
Ⅰ．单句语法填空1．It’s ur hpe that we will play a greater rle in the market place and _____________，supply mre jbs.解析：考查副词。句意：我们希望我们会在工作市场上起更大的作用，因此提供更多的工作。
2．The climate here is quite pleasant，the temperature rarely，if ________，reaching 30 ℃ in summer.解析：考查省略句。句意：这里的气候宜人，如果曾经有，在夏季气温极少达到30摄氏度。if ever“如果曾经有”；如果曾经发生。根据句中的关键词quite pleasant(宜人)，rarely(极少)可知，空格处表达的意思是“如果曾经有(if ever)”。if ever相当于if it(the temperature) ever reached 30 ℃ in summer。
3．(陕西高考)We wuld rather ur daughter __________(stay) at hme with us，but it is her chice，and she is nt a child any lnger.解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：我们宁愿我们的女儿和我们一起待在家里，但是那是她的选择，她已经不再是一个小孩子了。wuld rather后接that从句时，要用虚拟语气，如果与现在或将来事实相反，从句用一般过去时态；如果与过去事实相反，从句用过去完成时。根据后面的it is her chice可以判断这件事情还没发生，因而从句用一般过去时。
4．Bears build______ fat stres thrughut the summer and fall t have energy enugh t last them thrugh their winter sleep.解析：句意：狗熊在夏天和秋天开始脂肪的储存以使他们有足够的能量来度过冬眠。5．It sunds like smething is wrng with the car’s engine.If ______，we’d better take it t the garage immediately.解析：考查省略。句意：听起来好像是车的发动机出毛病了。如果这样的话，我们最好立刻把它带到修车厂去。if s“如果这样的话”。
6． (2017·全国Ⅲ阅读)Research shws that giving up driving is ne f the key reasns fr a fall in health and well－being amng lder peple，leading t them ____________ (becme) mre islated (隔绝) and inactive.解析：lead t中t是介词，后接－ing形式作宾语。7．—Cathy，what are yu ging t d this weekend?—______pssible，I’m ging t see my parents in the cuntryside.解析：答语句意：如果可能的话，我要去看望乡下的父母。if pssible“如果可能的话”。
8．At first I regretted ____________(invite) them t stay，but we sn became great friends.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：起初，我后悔邀请他们留下来，但是我们很快成了朋友。regret ding“后悔做了某事”。9．I had a busy and tiring weekend because ______________(decrate) the huse fr the Christmas cst me a whle day.解析：考查动名词作主语。句意：我这个周末过的很忙很累，因为装饰圣诞房子花了我一整天。because引导原因状语从句，从句中的cst是谓语，前面是主语，用动名词作主语。
10．Thanks _____ yur help，we cmpleted the task ahead f time.解析：thanks t“幸亏；由于”。11．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Tday，many Chinese peple are learning Western styles and theries rather than fcusing ______ Chinese traditins.解析：考查介词。fcus n “聚焦于；集中注意力于”。12．—T get a slim figure，Fanny has tried many ways，but in vain.—S nw she is reduced t nt __________(eat) anything fr supper.解析：句意：——为了有一个苗条的体形，范妮尝试了许多方法，但都徒劳。——因此现在她被迫晚饭什么都不吃。be reduced t ding sth.“沦落到做某事，陷入……的境地”。
13．The United Natins is trying t free the wrld ____________ the threat f war.解析：“使……免于……”。14．His cntributin t the by’s welfare was t equip him _______ the wrld in which he wuld live.解析：句意：他对孩子福利事业的贡献是为了让自己有能力适应他将生活的这个世界。“为……装备”。
15．An average f just 18．75cm f rain fell last year，making ______ the driest year since Califrnia became a state in 1850．解析：考查代词。句意：去年平均降了18．75厘米的雨，使其成为自1850年加利福尼亚成为州以来最干旱的一年。由语境可知，此处考查的是代词的替代，替代前面提到的last year，为同名同物，同一者，用it。
Ⅱ．完成句子1．Samaranch ____________________ (坚持工作) fr the internatinal sprts fr mre than 17 years. His dream was that the Olympic Games wuld _______________ ________________________ (使国家和人民有可能)t live peacefully side by side. 2．Nwadays，mre and mre peple ___________________________________ (宁愿住在乡下) than in big cities. That is partly because the cuntryside _______________________ (已经摆脱了贫穷)and is becming mre beautiful and cnvenient fr peple t live in.
carried n wrking
make it pssible
fr cuntries and peple
wuld rather live in the cuntryside
has been rid f pverly
3．The develpment f sciety needs different talents，s we shuld ___________ _____________ (把重心放在良好的教育上)fr the yung peple，which will __________________________ (使他们有能力) t build ur cuntry and t live a psitive life.4．Bears ____________________ (建立脂肪储备) thrughut the summer and fall t have energy enugh t last them thrugh their winter sleep. After the lng sleep, their weights usually ____________________ (减少三分之一)．
fcus n gd
equip them with abilities
build up fat stres
reduce by ne third
5．We __________________________ (后悔做出决定) t attend the meeting n ft. Yu see，the heavy rain ______________ (使……很困难)fr us t get there n time. 6．______________ (如果可能的话)，we’ll try ur best t supprt him. Because he said that he wuld g t the cuntryside and raise chicken n the farm. ________(如果那样的话)，he will cme acrss many prblems，and he will have t deal with sme technical prblems，_________(如果有技术问题的话)．
regretted having decided
made it hard
Ⅲ ．语篇填空Famus scientist 1.________ he is，Yuan Lngping cnsiders 2.____________(he) a farmer. As a yung man，Yuan Lngping saw the great need fr increasing the rice utput. He wanted t increase rice harvests withut 3._______________(expand) the area f the fields. In 1973，a special strain f rice made 4.________ pssible t prduce 20% mre f the crp in the same fields. Thanks t his research，the UN has mre tls in the battle t rid the wrld 5.________ hunger.
He is nw circulating his rice knwledge in less 6.______________(develp) cuntries 7.________________(increase) their rice harvests and he wants t exprt his rice s that it can 8._____________(grw) arund the glbe. Thugh he 9._________________ (struggle) fr the past five decades，he desn’t regret it. Dr Yuan is quite satisfied 10.___________ his life.
t increase
has struggled
lead a hard life
were always disturbed
have struggled t search fr ways
③多亏了袁隆平的杂交水稻研究，农民们的收成比以前多了一倍。____________ Yuan Lngping’s research n the hybrid rice，farmers are prducing harvests twice as large as befre.④这意味着世界22%的人口摆脱了饥饿。It means 22 percent f the wrld’s ppulatin _____________________.⑤虽然农民对农村的生活感到满意，但他们中有些人更愿去城市找工作，挣更多的钱。Thugh the farmers ______________________________ in the cuntryside，sme f them ___________________________________t make mre mney.
has gt rid f hunger
are satisfied with their lives
wuld rather g t cities t find jbs
2．升级平淡句用非限制性定语从句合并句③和句④____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thanks t Yuan Lngping’s research n the hybrid rice，farmers are prducing harvests twice as large as befre，which means 22 percent f the wrld’s ppulatin has gt rid f hunger.
3．衔接成语篇(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：therefre，hwever)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Farmers in China used t lead a hard life and were always disturbed by hunger. Therefre，they have struggled t search fr ways t increase the grain utput fr decades，but withut success. Thanks t Yuan Lngping's research n the hybrid rice，farmers are prducing harvests twice as large as befre，which means 22 percent f the wrld's ppulatin has gt rid f hunger. Hwever，thugh the farmers are satisfied with their lives in the cuntryside，sme f them wuld rather g t cities t find jbs t make mre mney.
1 话题词句 • 晨读晚诵
2 必备知识 • 探究提升
3 核心素养 • 重点突破
4 高效演练 • 素能提升
话题词句 • 晨读晚诵
1．waste n．& vt.________2．wrsen v．________________________3．agriculture n．________4．severe adj.__________5．___________ vi.减少；下滑6．the struggle fr survival ________7．___________ 缺少；短缺
恶化；使……变得更坏
8．_____________________使……摆脱掉……9．______________________富含有10．call n/appeal t ____________11．be cncerned abut ________12．cut dwn many trees____________13．be cnsidered ．______________食物供应15．farming methd ____________
be abundant in...
1．________________________，it is _______________ fr us t “clear yur plate”，especially __________________________________.我个人认为：“清干净盘中的食物”对我们来说是一种美德，特别是与朋友聚餐的时候。2．Lts f farmland has been lst ______________________________ industry and urbanizatin.由于工业化和城市化的迅速发展，许多农田已经大量流失。
As far as I’m cncerned
a gd virtue
when having dinner with ur friends
due t the rapid develpment f
3．All animals and plants are imprtant，because each species cntributes t the variety f life frms n the earth and __________________________ maintaining life.所有动植物都是重要的，因为每一物种都有助于地球上生命形式的多样性，而且对维持生命起到了重要的作用。
plays an imprtant rle in
必备知识 • 探究提升
1．__________n.十年；十年期2．________n.土壤3．__________vt.& vi.输出；出口4．__________ vt.遗憾；惋惜n．遗憾；懊悔5．___________ n．评论；议论vi.& vt.表达意见；作出评论
decade sil exprt regret cmment
6．_________n.焦点；中心点vt.集中；聚焦7．_____________ adv.因此；所以；因而8．__________vt.减少；减缩9．____________ vi.& n．斗争；拼搏；努力10．__________vt.& vi.使变大；伸展11．_________ n．谷物；粮食；颗粒12．__________n.战斗；战役
fcus therefre reduce struggle expand grain battle
1．Health and envirnmental prblems have increasingly becme the _________ (焦点) f cncern.2．Tm desn’t have much hmewrk t d this weekend. _____________ (因此)，he will have mre time t read r take exercise.3．The children talked s ludly at dinner table that I had t ____________ (努力) t be heard.4．I _____________ (遗憾) t tell yu that I can’t travel t Beijing tgether with yu at the appinted time.
5．Miss Li went thrugh my cmpsitin and made sme useful ____________ (cmment) abut it. 6．Accrding t the dctr，peple shuld eat less fat t __________ (reduce) the risk f sme diseases. 7．_____________ (expand) yur knwledge by reading mre bks is a wise chice.8．It’s said that the clthes prduced in this factry are mainly ____________ (exprt) t ther cuntries.
1．__________n.饥饿；欲望vt.& vi.(使)饥饿→__________ adj.饥饿的；渴望得到的2．_________ vt.& vi.配备；装备→_____________ n．设备(不可数)3．__________ vt.& vi.输出；出口→__________ (反义词)vt.& vi.输入；进口 4．___________ vt.使迷惑；使为难→_____________ adj.令人迷惑的→____________ adj.感到迷惑的→_____________ n．迷惑
5．_____________n.发现→____________ v. 发现6．_______________n. 国籍→__________ n．国家；民族→____________ adj.民族的7．_______________n.性格；人格→____________ adj.个人的→______________ adv.亲自地；就自己而言8．___________n.自由；自主→________ adj.自由的9．___________ v. 打扰；妨碍；使不安→______________ adj.引起烦恼的；令人不安的→_____________adj.烦恼的；不安的
natinality
persnality
disturbing
1．He was really ____________ by the _____________ prblem which als ____________ ther peple fr a lng time.(cnfuse)2．Our schl ffers gd_____________ and yu will be well ____________ with knwledge and skills fr yur future jb.(equip) 3．______________ news came that the virus spread quickly，which made us rather _____________.(disturb)
Disturbing
4．Madam Curie ______________ Radium，and many scientists were surprised at her _____________ at that time. (discver)5．Wmen have gained the ___________ t decide whether t marry r nt，and they are ________ t chse their jbs at present. (free) 6．Owing t the great __________，a great number f __________ children died. (hungry)
联想积累：1．“因此”家族①therefre adv. 因此；所以②s cnj. 因此；所以③thus adv. 因此；于是④cnsequently adv. 所以；因此⑤as a result 结果；因此
2．“评论”名词知多少①cmment 评论；议论②remark 评论③review 回顾；复习；评论④criticism 批评⑤statement 声明；陈述
3．加后缀－ment构成的名词面面观①equip→equipment 装备②develp→develpment 发展③mve→mvement 移动④establish→establishment 建立⑤emply→emplyment 雇用
Ⅱ．重点短语语境助记写准记牢1．____________ 幸亏；由于；因为2．_______________使……摆脱或除去3．___________________对……感到满意4．_______________ 宁愿；宁可5．___________逐渐增强；建立；开发
thanks t be satisfied with wuld rather build up
6．__________导致；造成(后果)7．___________集中(注意力、精力等)于8．____________ 盛产9．______________________使……免受(影响、伤害等)；使……不含(有害物)10．__________继续做某事
lead t fcus n be rich in frm/f keep n
语境运用1．____________ the high－speed trains，we can g arund all ver the cuntry mre cnveniently.2．It is nt easy fr Jack t _______ himself ______ the bad habit f smking.3．The amazed lk n the English teacher’s face suggested that she ____________________ ur perfrmance.
was satisfied with
4．In recent years，Mrs Brwn _____________ using her blg t encurage thse wh want t fllw her example. 5．Peple frm all walks f life shuld build a sciety where they ________ their children ________________ vilence.6．He learned later that it was his carelessness that _________his failure in the exam.
has kept n
free frm/f
联想积累：1．“be＋adj.＋with”高频短语集锦①be satisfied with对……感到满意②be cntent with对……满意③be pleased with对……满意④be familiar with对……熟悉⑤be bred with对……厌烦⑥be busy with忙于……⑦be ppular with受……欢迎⑧be patient with对……有耐心
2．“集中注意力”聚焦①fcus n集中注意力于②be absrbed in全神贯注于③pay attentin t注意④cncentrate n集中精力于3．free短语荟萃①keep free frm/f使……免受(影响、伤害等)；使……不含(有害物)②as free as a bird自由自在③free and easy自由自在的④set free释放
stay at hme and
the first t taste the delicius fd
hard fr teenagers t fall asleep
核心素养 • 重点突破
1．struggle vi.& vt. 斗争；拼搏；努力
(1)struggle fr为……斗争struggle against/with 同……作斗争struggle t d sth.努力做某事(2)struggle t ne’s feet 挣扎着站起来
单句语法填空。①Despite his terrible injuries，he wuldn’t give up the struggle _______ life.②T get an educatin，he was struggling _________________ many difficulties.③(北京高考)Because a cllege cmmunity (群体) differs frm the family，many students will struggle __________(find) a sense f belnging.
against/with
完成句子。④Bravely，Mary ______________________，and fught against the wind and rain beating against her.玛丽勇敢地挣扎着站起来，同扑向她的暴风雨搏斗着。单句写作。⑤(湖南高考书面表达)海伦·凯勒19个月大时就变得又聋又瞎了，但她从不放弃并努力过积极的生活。Helen Keller became deaf and blind when she was 19 mnths ld，but she never gave up and _________________________ an active life.
struggled t her feet
struggled t lead/live
2．equip vt. (equipped，equipped) 配备；装备
equipment n．装备；设备(不可数名词)
用……装备……be equipped with装备着…… sth./t d sth.为了(做)某事而装备……be well/prly equipped设备精良的/差的a piece f equipment一件设备
equipment为equip的名词形式，意为“设备”“器材”，是不可数名词，表示“一件”这一数量时，其前加a piece f；类似用法的有：furniture，luggage，baggage，jewellery等。
单句语法填空。①We want ur sn t have a gd educatin that will equip him _______ future life.②Please equip yurself ________ a sharp pencil and a rubber fr the exam.③If it were nt fr the mdern _____________ (equip)，such experiments wuld nt be able t be perfrmed.
3．regret vt.遗憾；后悔 n. 遗憾；懊悔；遗憾的事
(1)regret ding/having dne sth.后悔做了某事regret t 遗憾地说/告诉/通知……(2)(much) t ne’s regret/t ne’s (great) regret 使某人(非常)遗憾的是with regret遗憾地
I regretted t tell him that he had been dismissed.T my surprise，he said t me，“I have n regrets.I nly regret having taken the wrng jb.”我遗憾地告诉他他被解雇了。使我惊奇的是，他对我说：“我没有什么遗憾。我唯一后悔的是选错了工作。”
单句语法填空。①I regret ___________(leave) the wrk unfinished; I shuld have planned everything ahead carefully.②I regret __________(tell) yu that yur prblems are beynd my pwer. Yu’ll have t turn t sme ther ne，I’m afraid.③______ my great regret，we have n much time left t discuss the prblem.单句写作。④(山东高考书面表达)我很遗憾地告诉你我不能在约定的时间和你去北京了。_____________________________ g t Beijing with yu at appinted time.
I regret t tell yu that I can’t
4．fcus n．焦点；中心 vt.集中；聚焦
(1)fcus n/upn集中(注意力、精力等)于fcus ne’s attentin/eyes/energy n...把注意力/目光/精力集中在……把……聚集在……上面(2)adjust the fcus调整焦点/焦距in fcus对准焦距ut f fcus没对准焦距，模糊the fcus f attentin/cncern注意力/关注的焦点
完成句子。①(四川高考)If we find thse materials interesting，we’ll ___________________ ____ them fr lng.如果我们发现那些材料有趣，我们的注意力就会长时间集中在它们身上。②(全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)Mst f us _______ mre _____________ ur tasks in the mrning than we are later in the day.我们中的大多数人在早上的时候会比我们在一天中的晚些时候更加集中于我们的工作。
fcus ur attentin
单句语法填空。③With his attentin ___________(fcus) n his hmewrk，he frgt all abut what I had tld him.④Fcusing his attentin ______ urgent prblems，he hardly has time t play games with yu.单句写作。⑤(福建高考书面表达)这表明当今社会的一个普遍现象：孩子是家庭的中心，承载着父母的希望。It shws a cmmn phenmenn nwadays that ___________________________，shuldering the hpe f their parents.
children are the fcus f families
5．cmment n．议论；评论 v．发表意见
(1)cmment/n/upn对……作出评论(2)make a cmment/cmments n/abut对……作出评论n cmment无可奉告
cmment用作及物动词时，其宾语通常只能是that从句，一般不能是名词或代词，若语义上需要接名词或代词作宾语，则通常用cmment n/upn sth.结构。
完成句子。①I’m sure he will surely ________________________ (作出评论)yur wrk if yu ask him t.②Swap summaries with yur partner and ___________________________(互相评论)．
make cmments n/upn
make cmments n each ther
1．lead t导致；造成；通往
lead sb.t d sth.使某人做某事lead sb.t a place带领某人去某地lead the way领路lead sb. by the nse牵着某人的鼻子走lead a 过着……生活
lead t中的t是介词，后接名词、代词或动词－ing形式。表示导致的短语还有：result in，cntribute t，bring abut等。
单句语法填空。①(湖北高考短文写作)Questining can lead t_____________(search)fr an answer.②The discvery f new evidence led t the thief’s _______________(catch)．③In class I will divide the students int small grups and lead them ____________ (practice) speaking English in an interesting way.④Diligence is the path ___________(lead) t happiness.
being caught
t practice
一言辨异。⑤With him _________________ we gt there withut any difficulty. But fr him，we wuld have been lst，which wuld __________ serius cnsequences. His actin __________________ that he was ur true friend.有他带路，我们毫不费力地到达了那里。要不是他，我们就有可能迷路了，这会导致严重的后果。他的行为使我们相信他是我们真正的朋友。
leading the way
led us t believe
2．build up 逐渐增强；增强……的体质；建立；创办；开发；聚集；积累
pick up 捡起；(无意中)学会；接收take up 拿起；开始；从事hang up 挂起来；挂断电话dress up 穿上盛装；打扮make up 虚构；弥补；组成shw up 出现；露面bring up 抚养；教养break up 分裂；打碎
写出下列句中build up的含义。①Fr ne thing，it nt nly helps t build up ur physical health，but helps us learn mre effectively in turn.__________________②He devted himself t building up the ruined cuntry.________③Dn’t let yur anger build up，which is harmful t yur health.________④His cnfidence built up gradually as he gained mre and mre experience in teaching.____________
选用up短语填空。⑤It didn’t take me lng t __________ the basic knwledge f the language.⑥We were _____________ fr the party but she was still in her rdinary clthes.⑦Many retired peple __________ gardening as a hbby.
dressed up
3．If s，what did yu d t grw them?如果是这样的话，你怎样来种植这些植物？
if s如果是这样的话，是if引导的条件状语从句的省略形式，表示肯定意义；如果表示否定意义，则用if nt。when，whenever，thugh，althugh，unless等连词也常见于省略句结构中。
if构成的其他省略形式：if any如果有的话if pssible如果可能的话if necessary如果必要的话if ever如果有过的话(曾经发生)
完成句子。①Is anybdy feeling cld? _________，let us pen the windws!有人感到冷吗？如果没有的话 ，我们把窗子打开吧！②______________，try t g t bed and wake up at the same time every day.如果可能的话，尝试每天都在同一时间睡觉和起床。③She seldm，__________，ges t the pera.她很少去看歌剧。
If pssible
单句写作。④(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)我是李华，我想知道周末你是否有空。如果有空我和你面谈有关餐桌礼仪的问题。I’m Li Hua. I’m wndering if yu are available at the weekend. ___________________________________________________________________
If s，I want t take abut the Chinese table manners with yu face t face.
4．He wuld much rather keep time fr his hbbies.他宁愿把时间花在自己的业余爱好上。
完成句子。①I wuld rather yu _______________(finish) yur hmewrk yesterday.②She wuld rather yu ________(cme) tmrrw than tday.③T live a lw－carbn life，sme peple wuld rather ________(take) the bus than drive a car t wrk.
had finished
单句写作。④(全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)与给他们买饺子相比，我们更愿意自己亲手为他们包可口的饺子。We _____________________________________ with ur wn hands ________ buy sme fr them.→We _____________ delicius dumplings with ur wn hands _________________ sme fr them.
wuld rather make delicius dumplings
rather than buy
5．Dr.Yuan Lngping grws what is called super hybrid rice.袁隆平博士种植的是被称为“超级杂交水稻”的稻种。
句中what is called super hybrid rice为宾语从句，作grws的宾语。what可引导名词性从句，意为“所……的”，what在从句中可以作主语，表语，宾语等。
完成句子。①A mdern city has been set up in _____________________(是一片荒地的地方)ten years ag.②After _______________________(似乎很长时间)，the bus arrived.③The village has changed greatly.It’s n lnger _____________________________ (过去的样子)．④Perseverance is a kind f quality—that’s _______________(所需要的) t d anything.
what was a wasteland
what seemed a lng time
what it used t be(＝what it was)
what it takes
高效演练 • 素能提升
Ⅰ．单句语法填空1．It’s ur hpe that we will play a greater rle in the market place and _____________，supply mre jbs.解析：考查副词。句意：我们希望我们会在工作市场上起更大的作用，因此提供更多的工作。
2．The climate here is quite pleasant，the temperature rarely，if ________，reaching 30 ℃ in summer.解析：考查省略句。句意：这里的气候宜人，如果曾经有，在夏季气温极少达到30摄氏度。if ever“如果曾经有”；如果曾经发生。根据句中的关键词quite pleasant(宜人)，rarely(极少)可知，空格处表达的意思是“如果曾经有(if ever)”。if ever相当于if it(the temperature) ever reached 30 ℃ in summer。
3．(陕西高考)We wuld rather ur daughter __________(stay) at hme with us，but it is her chice，and she is nt a child any lnger.解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：我们宁愿我们的女儿和我们一起待在家里，但是那是她的选择，她已经不再是一个小孩子了。wuld rather后接that从句时，要用虚拟语气，如果与现在或将来事实相反，从句用一般过去时态；如果与过去事实相反，从句用过去完成时。根据后面的it is her chice可以判断这件事情还没发生，因而从句用一般过去时。
4．Bears build______ fat stres thrughut the summer and fall t have energy enugh t last them thrugh their winter sleep.解析：句意：狗熊在夏天和秋天开始脂肪的储存以使他们有足够的能量来度过冬眠。5．It sunds like smething is wrng with the car’s engine.If ______，we’d better take it t the garage immediately.解析：考查省略。句意：听起来好像是车的发动机出毛病了。如果这样的话，我们最好立刻把它带到修车厂去。if s“如果这样的话”。
6． (2017·全国Ⅲ阅读)Research shws that giving up driving is ne f the key reasns fr a fall in health and well－being amng lder peple，leading t them ____________ (becme) mre islated (隔绝) and inactive.解析：lead t中t是介词，后接－ing形式作宾语。7．—Cathy，what are yu ging t d this weekend?—______pssible，I’m ging t see my parents in the cuntryside.解析：答语句意：如果可能的话，我要去看望乡下的父母。if pssible“如果可能的话”。
8．At first I regretted ____________(invite) them t stay，but we sn became great friends.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：起初，我后悔邀请他们留下来，但是我们很快成了朋友。regret ding“后悔做了某事”。9．I had a busy and tiring weekend because ______________(decrate) the huse fr the Christmas cst me a whle day.解析：考查动名词作主语。句意：我这个周末过的很忙很累，因为装饰圣诞房子花了我一整天。because引导原因状语从句，从句中的cst是谓语，前面是主语，用动名词作主语。
10．Thanks _____ yur help，we cmpleted the task ahead f time.解析：thanks t“幸亏；由于”。11．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Tday，many Chinese peple are learning Western styles and theries rather than fcusing ______ Chinese traditins.解析：考查介词。fcus n “聚焦于；集中注意力于”。12．—T get a slim figure，Fanny has tried many ways，but in vain.—S nw she is reduced t nt __________(eat) anything fr supper.解析：句意：——为了有一个苗条的体形，范妮尝试了许多方法，但都徒劳。——因此现在她被迫晚饭什么都不吃。be reduced t ding sth.“沦落到做某事，陷入……的境地”。
13．The United Natins is trying t free the wrld ____________ the threat f war.解析：“使……免于……”。14．His cntributin t the by’s welfare was t equip him _______ the wrld in which he wuld live.解析：句意：他对孩子福利事业的贡献是为了让自己有能力适应他将生活的这个世界。“为……装备”。
15．An average f just 18．75cm f rain fell last year，making ______ the driest year since Califrnia became a state in 1850．解析：考查代词。句意：去年平均降了18．75厘米的雨，使其成为自1850年加利福尼亚成为州以来最干旱的一年。由语境可知，此处考查的是代词的替代，替代前面提到的last year，为同名同物，同一者，用it。
Ⅱ．完成句子1．Samaranch ____________________ (坚持工作) fr the internatinal sprts fr mre than 17 years. His dream was that the Olympic Games wuld _______________ ________________________ (使国家和人民有可能)t live peacefully side by side. 2．Nwadays，mre and mre peple ___________________________________ (宁愿住在乡下) than in big cities. That is partly because the cuntryside _______________________ (已经摆脱了贫穷)and is becming mre beautiful and cnvenient fr peple t live in.
carried n wrking
make it pssible
fr cuntries and peple
wuld rather live in the cuntryside
has been rid f pverly
3．The develpment f sciety needs different talents，s we shuld ___________ _____________ (把重心放在良好的教育上)fr the yung peple，which will __________________________ (使他们有能力) t build ur cuntry and t live a psitive life.4．Bears ____________________ (建立脂肪储备) thrughut the summer and fall t have energy enugh t last them thrugh their winter sleep. After the lng sleep, their weights usually ____________________ (减少三分之一)．
fcus n gd
equip them with abilities
build up fat stres
reduce by ne third
5．We __________________________ (后悔做出决定) t attend the meeting n ft. Yu see，the heavy rain ______________ (使……很困难)fr us t get there n time. 6．______________ (如果可能的话)，we’ll try ur best t supprt him. Because he said that he wuld g t the cuntryside and raise chicken n the farm. ________(如果那样的话)，he will cme acrss many prblems，and he will have t deal with sme technical prblems，_________(如果有技术问题的话)．
regretted having decided
made it hard
Ⅲ ．语篇填空Famus scientist 1.________ he is，Yuan Lngping cnsiders 2.____________(he) a farmer. As a yung man，Yuan Lngping saw the great need fr increasing the rice utput. He wanted t increase rice harvests withut 3._______________(expand) the area f the fields. In 1973，a special strain f rice made 4.________ pssible t prduce 20% mre f the crp in the same fields. Thanks t his research，the UN has mre tls in the battle t rid the wrld 5.________ hunger.
He is nw circulating his rice knwledge in less 6.______________(develp) cuntries 7.________________(increase) their rice harvests and he wants t exprt his rice s that it can 8._____________(grw) arund the glbe. Thugh he 9._________________ (struggle) fr the past five decades，he desn’t regret it. Dr Yuan is quite satisfied 10.___________ his life.
t increase
has struggled
lead a hard life
were always disturbed
have struggled t search fr ways
③多亏了袁隆平的杂交水稻研究，农民们的收成比以前多了一倍。____________ Yuan Lngping’s research n the hybrid rice，farmers are prducing harvests twice as large as befre.④这意味着世界22%的人口摆脱了饥饿。It means 22 percent f the wrld’s ppulatin _____________________.⑤虽然农民对农村的生活感到满意，但他们中有些人更愿去城市找工作，挣更多的钱。Thugh the farmers ______________________________ in the cuntryside，sme f them ___________________________________t make mre mney.
has gt rid f hunger
are satisfied with their lives
wuld rather g t cities t find jbs
2．升级平淡句用非限制性定语从句合并句③和句④____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thanks t Yuan Lngping’s research n the hybrid rice，farmers are prducing harvests twice as large as befre，which means 22 percent f the wrld’s ppulatin has gt rid f hunger.
3．衔接成语篇(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：therefre，hwever)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Farmers in China used t lead a hard life and were always disturbed by hunger. Therefre，they have struggled t search fr ways t increase the grain utput fr decades，but withut success. Thanks t Yuan Lngping's research n the hybrid rice，farmers are prducing harvests twice as large as befre，which means 22 percent f the wrld's ppulatin has gt rid f hunger. Hwever，thugh the farmers are satisfied with their lives in the cuntryside，sme f them wuld rather g t cities t find jbs t make mre mney.
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