高中英语高考考向32 完形填空之说明文类(解析版)-备战2022年高考英语一轮复习考点微专题

这是一份高中英语高考考向32 完形填空之说明文类(解析版)-备战2022年高考英语一轮复习考点微专题，共23页。试卷主要包含了内容的确定性，顺序的条理性，语言的科学性等内容，欢迎下载使用。
考向32 完形填空之说明文类
文体分析
说明文是一种以说明为主要表达方式的文章体裁。它通过对实体事物科学的解说，对客观事物做出说明或对抽象的阐释，使人们对事物的形态、构造、性质、种类、成因、功能，关系或对事理的概念、特点、、演变、异同等科学地认识，从而获得有关的知识。下面是收集的说明文的基本特征，希望对您有所帮助！
1、内容的确定性
说明文是以传输知识为目的的文体。而任何知识都必须有确定的内容。确定的内容有二：一是确定的对象，一是确定的要点。凡是知识总是关于一定事物、一定对象的。所以说明首先要明确说明的对象。确定的要点指说明内容的基本范围，作者说明的着眼点。说明的对象表明作者所说明的特定的事物，但特定的事物是一个整体，要介绍有关它的知识不能只作空泛的陈述，必须确定说明内容的具体范围即着眼点。有几处着眼点，就有多大的说明范围。说明的要点常表现为某些方面。一般说来，事物的属性有7个方面：形状、特性（性质）、构造、成因、关系、功能、方法。说明的要点也表现为不同的角度、类别、阶段、部位等，这些就是人们认识事物的观察点、出发点。当说明的内容确定为该事物的某个方面以后，说明的角度、部位等就成了更加具体的说明范围。
2、顺序的条理性
说明的内容最后确定在说明的要点上。当说明的要点不止一个或同一要点有不同的角度、类别等的时候，就有一个先后顺序的问题。记叙也有顺序。但它包含在事件的因果相连的链条中。无论任何事件，都有它的起因、发展和结果；无论顺叙倒叙，它们都是事件本身的顺序。议论也有顺序，但它主要包含在证明的过程中。而且，议论的顺序与说明的顺序有着很多相通的地方。所以，研究说明的顺序对我们自觉地认识议论的顺序也有着十分重要的参考价值。
说明的顺序尽管复杂，但也是有规律可寻的。总的来看，说明顺序有3种：方位顺序、时间顺序、逻辑事理顺序。逻辑事理，这是概括说法。凡在方位和时间之外的顺序都是逻辑事理顺序。如简单与复杂，主要与次要，一般与个别，概括与具体，原因与结果等。
3、语言的科学性
说明文以传播知识为目的。这就决定了说明文的语言要具有科学性。
（1）真实。对事物有关知识的说明不能夸大或缩小，更不能弄虑作假，必须持实事求是的态度。
（2）准确。准确也是真实，但它重在选用词语的恰如其分上。
（3）简明。就是简洁、明晰，不罗苏，不含糊，用精练的语言把意思表达的清清楚楚。
（4）周密。所谓周密，就是严密，没有疏漏，无懈可击。
（5）客观。所谓客观，指在语言表达中，不能携带作者的思想感情。它要求无褒无贬，冷静地观察事物，用平实地语言进行表达。这一点，正好同记叙的语言形成对比。记叙的语言具有鲜明的情感性，而说明的语言则无需表达作者的感情。如果说有感情的话，也只能说是零度感情。
题型分析
说明文的写作目的是授人以知，让人明白，说明文只是说明事物的特征，阐明原理，介绍知识。说明文完形填空的结构模式一般是：提出问题——发现直接原因——分析深层原因——得出结论或提出解决方案。
一、命题解读
说明文类完形填空题常就某一个问题从不同的角度来加以说明，文章可以是用来说明某一种社会现象、一个产品的制作过程、一种产品的使用方法、某个科学成就或人类生活中所面临的某个具体的难题。说明文所呈现的方式较为单一，作者往往一开始就交代说明的对象，然后再从不同的角度进行说明。因此，这类文章的每一段通常就是其中的一个角度或侧面，所以要注意概括每一个段落的主旨大意，尤其是文章每一段的开头或结尾，作者往往会对说明的话题进行概括说明。说明文类的完形填空的特征如下：
1.文章多用现在时态
说明文通常是对客观事物或实例的介绍与说明，与时间的变化关系不大，所以文章常用现在时态。
2.语言简练、平实、准确，常采用客观描述
说明文的目的主要是帮助读者认清事物，明白事理，所以语言简练、平实、易于理解，内容客观真实，很少含有带感情的词汇。
3.文章主题明确，层次分明
说明文类完形填空往往在文章开头就点明说明对象，从而为学生们把握文章主题提供了有利条件。而且，作者借助合理的说明顺序展开文章，使文章结构清晰，层次分明。
二、应试策略
1. 利用说明文的首句查找说明主体
2. 把握说明文的两种结构模式
(1)总分式。包括＂总—分＂＂分—总＂＂总—分—总＂等具体形式。
(2)递进式。事理说明文多用递进式结构，一层一层地剖析事理。具体包括：空间顺序——从上到下、从外到内、从左到右、从南到北、从远到近、从中间到四周、从整体到部分；时间顺序——按照时间先后顺序来安排，事物都有发生、发展、消亡的过程；逻辑顺序——有些说明文主要是剖析事理的，在说明时就按照事理的逻辑关系进行安排，或者从主到次、从浅到深、从原因到结果，具有严密的条理性。
三、解题步骤
1.利用说明文首句，明确说明对象
【典例示例】
Imagine the first days in a new time zone . Slow to respond to the 28______ , your body clock is confused. You're sleepy all day, but when it's time for bed, you can hardly fall asleep. Obviously you're 29 _________jet lag(时差反应）.
28.A.flight B. change C. demand D. climate
【解析】：下文的“jet lag(时差反应）”说明，在旅行时要适应时差。
29.A.suffering from B. working on C. looking into D. leading to
【解析】：上文的“hardly fall asleep”说明人们常常不能顺利地倒时差；suffer from“受折磨”。
【答案】：28.B29.A
2.关注内在联系，把握说明顺序
常见的说明顺序有时间顺序、空间顺序、逻辑顺序（如因果关系、果因关系、先主后次等）和认识顺序（如由此及彼、由浅入深、由局部到整体、由现象到本质、由具体到抽象等）。
【典例示例】
How long can human beings live? Most scientists who study old age think that the human body is 1 _______to live no longer than 120 years. However,110 years is probably the longest that anyone could hope to live-if he or she is 2_______ healthy and lucky. Some scientists even say we can live as long as 130 years! Yet, our cells simply cannot continue to reproduce 3_______. They wear out, and as a result , we get old and 4 die .
1.A.designed B. selected C. improved D. discovered
【解析】：此处表示我们人体的设计就是最长活到120岁。design“设计”。
2.A.completely B. generally C. apparently D. extremely
【解析】：根据上下文可知，此处表示110岁很可能是任何一个人可能会希望活的最长的时间了——如果一个人极其健康和幸运的话，extremely“极度，极其”。
3.A.rapidly B. harmlessly C. endlessly D. separately
【解析】：这里表示人类细胞不能永无止境地自我繁殖，所以人才会变老。endlessly“无止况地，无限地”。
4.A.eventually B. hopelessly C. automatically D. desperately
【解析】：get old的最终结果就是死亡，因此用eventually表示“最终”。
【答案】：1.A2.D3.C4.A
3.逐句精读短文，逐题分析选项
对特定的语境作深入的理解，克服“思维定式”，根据全文大意和文不离句、句不离文的原则逐项选择。针对说明文独有的文体特点，解答时一定要注意从上下文意义、惯用法、固定搭配、逻辑推理、常识等角度去考虑和判断，并注意其内在联系。
【检测训练】
1
There are good stories to be found in nearly every volunteer experience. But Laurie Scott is positive that 1 an exchange student produces some of the greatest.
As a long-time volunteer with an agency that helps 2 students connect with warm and caring 3 during their time in the US, Scot sees first-hand both the humor and the very deeply meaningful outcomes. Scott 4 Christine, for example, a student from Norway. 5 at a restaurant one day, Christine was asked if she wanted a soup or salad. The girl turned to Scott with 6 , “Why would I want a super salad?” Trying not to laugh too hard, Scott 7 that what the waiter had asked was whether she wanted “soup or salad”.
Scott and her husband 8 volunteered to be a host family in August 2003. They had just moved to Las Vegas, and she was looking for a way to get connected in the community. “The concept of helping 9 world peace through understanding is what makes me 10 . Through the agency I have found the best part of my community in our great families and have been able to share the 11 side of the US with our students.”
Time and again, her 12 to service has opened hearts. In fact, she says, one of their amazing experiences came from 13 one hosted student, a young man from Germany named Jens, about how Americans volunteer. In Germany, where young people are 14 to spend a year serving in the army, volunteer service is 15 . Therefore, Jens was so 16 by the concept of giving that he 17 the agency to help promote exchanges, and became very involved with local schools.
18 all stories that come out of international exchange, there’s a (an) 19 in this one: Opening our hearts and 20 is something we can all do.
1. A. adopting B. hosting C. raising D. teaching
2. A. international B. promising C. needy D. urban
3. A. relatives B. colleges C. houses D. friends
4. A. misses B. remembers C. praises D. loves
5. A. Queuing B. Working C. Calling D. Ordering
6. A. surprise B. anger C. delight D. fear
7. A. announced B. realised C. explained D. concluded
8. A. obviously B. frequently C. probably D. originally
9. A. make up B. give away C. take over D. bring about
10. A. talented B. involved C. organized D. relaxed
11. A. familiar B. flexible C. positive D. controversial
12. A. sacrifice B. devotion C. response D. addiction
13. A. teaching B. reminding C. questioning D. warning
14. A. required B. advised C. determined D. considered
15. A. compulsory B. widespread C. valid D. unusual
16. A. frightened B. relieved C. attracted D. challenged
17. A. founded B. inspired C. joined D. permitted
18. A. Except B. Like C. Rather than D. Regardless of
19. A. difference B. anecdote C. amusement D. lesson
20. A. minds B. homes C. eyes D. schools
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. D 6. A 7. C 8. D 9. D 10. B
11. C 12. B 13. A 14. A 15. D 16. C 17. C 18. B 19. D 20. B
【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要讲述了斯科特做志愿者家庭接待国际学生的过程中遇到的事情以及做志愿者工作的意义。
1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：斯科特很肯定接待一个交换生会产生一些伟大的故事。A. adopting 采纳；B. hosting 接待，主办；C. raising 提高，养育，募集；D. teaching 教。根据下文中“Scott and her husband____8____volunteered to be a host family in August 2003.(斯科特和他老公最初自愿成为寄宿家庭是在2003年8月份)”可知，此处应填hosting。故选B。
2. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为一个帮助国际学生在美国期间与温暖关爱的家庭建立联系的中介公司的长期志愿者，斯科特亲眼看到了幽默和意义深远的结果。A. international 国际的；B. promising 有前途的；C. needy需要的；D. urban 城镇的。根据下文“Scott_______Christine, for example, a student from Norway.(例如，斯科特想起了克里斯汀，一位来自挪威的学生)”可知，这是来自挪威的学生，所以应是帮助国际学生。故选A。
3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：：作为一个帮助国际学生在美国期间与温暖关爱的家庭建立联系的中介公司的长期志愿者，斯科特亲眼看到了幽默和意义深远的结果。A. relatives 亲戚；B. colleges 大学；C. houses住所，家庭成员；D. friends 朋友。根据上下文可知，此处指国际学生来到美国，中介公司帮助他们与寄住家庭建立联系，斯科特是志愿者。故选C。
4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，斯科特想起了克里斯汀，一位来自挪威的学生。A. misses思念；B. remembers 记起，想起；C. praises 表扬；D. loves 爱。根据上文可知，提到幽默，斯科特想起了一位曾经接待过的挪威学生。故选B。
5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天在一家餐馆点餐时，克里斯汀被问到是要喝汤还是吃沙拉。A. Queuing 排队；B. Working 工作；C. Calling 叫喊； D. Ordering 点餐。根据下文“Trying not to laugh too hard, Scott____7____that what the waiter had asked was whether she wanted “soup or salad”.(尽量笑的不要太厉害，斯科特解释说服务生问的是你想要“汤还是沙拉”)”可知，这是在餐馆点餐。故选D。
6. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个女孩惊讶地转向斯科特，“我为什么要吃超级沙拉？”A. surprise 惊讶；B. anger生气；C. delight 开心；D. fear 害怕。根据后半句女孩问的话，可知女孩很惊讶服务生问的话。故选A。
7. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽量笑的不要太厉害，斯科特解释说服务生问的是你想要“汤还是沙拉”。A. announced 宣布；B. realised 意识到；C. explained解释；D. concluded 得出结论。根据下半句“what the waiter had asked was whether she wanted “soup or salad””可知，这里是斯科特向女孩解释服务生问的话。故选C。
8. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：斯科特和他老公最初自愿成为寄宿家庭是在2003年8月份。A. obviously明显地；B. frequently频繁地；C. probably可能地；D. originally起初，最初。根据“in August 2003”可知，这里描述最初作志愿者的情况。故选D。
9. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：通过理解帮助他人实现世界和平的理念让我参与其中。A. make up 编造，化妆；B. give away 赠送；C. take over 夺取；D. bring about 带来。根据句意可知，斯科特认为帮助能带来和平。故选D。
10. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通过理解帮助实现世界和平的理念让我参与其中。A. talented 天赋高的；B. involved 参与其中的，相关的；C. organized有组织的；D. relaxed 放松的。根据上文“Scott and her husband____8____volunteered to be a host family in August 2003. (斯科特和他老公最初自愿成为寄宿家庭是在2003年8月份)”可知，斯科特做了志愿者，所以她参与志愿者的工作。故选B。
11. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通过中介公司，我发现我们社区最好的一部分在我们伟大的家族中，并且我可以和我们的学生分享美国积极的一面。A. familiar 熟悉；B. flexible 灵活的；C. positive积极的；D. controversial 有争议的。根据上半句“Through the agency I have found the best part of my community in our great families”可知，作者想和学生分享积极的一面。故选C。
12. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一次又一次，她对服务的奉献精神打开了心扉。A. sacrifice 牺牲；B. devotion 奉献；C. response回应；D. addiction 上瘾。根据上下文可知，她很热衷于做志愿者服务。故选B。
13. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她说，实际上，他们其中一个奇妙经历来自教一个寄宿生，一个来自德国的名叫延斯的学生，关于美国人如何做志愿者的事情。A. teaching教；B. reminding 提醒；C. questioning质问；D. warning 警告。根据空格后“one hosted student”以及“about how Americans volunteer”可知，这里指教寄宿学生关于美国人如何做志愿者的事情。故选A。
14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在德国，年轻人被要求服兵役一年，做志愿者服务是异常的。A. required要求；B. advised建议；C. determined 决定；D. considered 考虑。根据空格后“serving in the army”可知，服兵役是强制要求的。故选A。
15. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在德国，年轻人被要求服兵役一年，做志愿者服务是异常的。A. compulsory义务的；B. widespread广泛传播的；C. valid 有效的；D. unusual 异常的，稀有的。根据上半句可知，在德国，年轻人被要求服兵役，所以做志愿者是异常的。故选D。
16. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：延斯被给予的理念深深吸引，所以他加入了中介公司来帮助推动交流并且他密切联系当地学校。A. frightened 害怕；B. relieved 放松；C. attracted 吸引；D. challenged 挑战。根据后半句可知，他被这一理念深深吸引。故选C。
17. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：延斯被给予的理念深深吸引，所以他加入了中介公司来帮助推动交流并且他密切联系当地学校。A. founded 建立；B. inspired鼓舞，激励；C. joined参加；D. permitted允许。根据下文“became very involved with local schools”可知，他加入了中介公司一起推动交流项目。故选C。
18. 考查介词和固定搭配辨析。句意：就像所有国际交流的故事一样，这里有一个教训：打开我们的心扉和我们的家园是我们所有人都能做到的。A. Except 除了，B. Like就像C. Rather than 而不是；D. Regardless of 不管不顾。根据文章可知，这个故事只是所有交流故事中的一个，但跟其他的故事一样，都有一个共同的教训。故选B。
19. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：就像所有国际交流的故事一样，这里有一个教训：打开我们的心扉和我们的家园是我们所有人都能做到的。A. difference 不同；B. anecdote 趣闻，轶事；C. amusement 娱乐；D. lesson 课程，教训。根据下文“Opening our hearts and____20____is something we can all do.”可知，这是一个总结的经验教训。故选D。
20. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：就像所有国际交流的故事一样，这里有一个教训：打开我们的心扉和我们的家园是我们所有人都能做到的。A. minds思想；B. homes 家园；C. eyes 眼睛；D. schools 学校。根据上文“Scott and her husband____8____volunteered to be a host family in August 2003.(斯科特和他老公最初自愿成为寄宿家庭是在2003年8月份)可知，这里是指给寄宿学生提供家园住所。故选B。
2
Raegan Lawrence is an 11-year-old student and band member at Bonaire Middle School, in central Georgia, USA. Over the past several months, she has used the grief (悲痛) and stress 21 by the COVID-19 pandemic to 22 her best and help others in the process.
The COVID-19 pandemic has been very 23 to Raegan and her family. She lost two of her aunts as well as her great grandfather to the 24 . And she hasn’t been able to visit some of her 25 such as her grandfather.
Feeling constantly sad, she 26 to find out what she could do to make things 27 . While thinking about ways she could 28 , her band began to sell “the world’s finest chocolate bars” to raise funds.
This gave her a(n) 29 — why not buy the world’s finest chocolate bars to 30 the world’s finest people? In her mind, the finest people in the world are the healthcare workers, firemen, and first responders who have 31 themselves during this pandemic to helping others while putting themselves in 32 .
And sell she did! While Reagan is typically a 33 person, this did not stop her from promoting sales of her candy bars and then using the money 34 to buy bars for first responders. She also 35 to take all the money she had in savings from Christmas, her birthday and other gifts to buy chocolate bars for the world’s finest people.
In all, Raegan 36 over 400 bars. The first responders that received them were 37 not just for the world’s finest chocolate, but the 38 and caring actions of one of the world’s finest 11-year-old girls!
Raegan Lawrence’s story has 39 many others to help those in need during this 40 moment.
21. A. released B. caused C. damaged D. controlled
22. A. avoid B. catch C. look for D. bring out
23. A. typical B. strange C. cruel D. normal
24. A. virus B. worm C. public D. hospital
25. A. relatives B. classmates C. friends D. doctors
26. A. hesitated B. agreed C. struggled D. preferred
27. A. heavier B. higher C. clearer D. better
28. A. help B. stay C. share D. show
29. A. privilege B. excuse C. idea D. advantage
30. A. evaluate B. reward C. respect D. protect
31. A. devoted B. limited C. abandoned D. attached
32. A. silence B. stress C. comfort D. danger
33. A. stubborn B. brave C. shy D. patient
34. A. obtained B. borrowed C. found D. changed
35. A. afforded B. decided C. refused D. expected
36. A. tried out B. stored up C. broke off D. gave away
37. A. fit B. grateful C. responsible D. famous
38. A. humorous B. generous C. traditional D. honest
39. A. invited B. persuaded C. inspired D. required
40. A. necessary B. fruitful C. pleasant D. challenging
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. A 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. B
31. A 32. D 33. C 34. A 35. B 36. D 37. B 38. B 39. C 40. D
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个十一岁的学生Raegan Lawrence在新冠肺炎大流行中将卖糖果棒获得的收入为医护人员、消防员和急救人员这些她认为世界上最好的人买巧克力的故事。
21. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在过去的几个月里，她利用新冠肺炎疫情大流行导致的悲痛和压力来发挥自己的最佳水平，并在此过程中帮助他人。A. released释放；B. caused导致；C. damaged伤害；D. controlled控制。通过上文“the grief and stress”以及下文“by the COVID-19 pandemic”可推知，Raegan Lawrence应该是利用了新冠肺炎疫情大流行导致的悲痛和压力，caused by意为“由……导致”。故选B项。
22. 考查动词和动词短语词义辨析。句意：在过去的几个月里，她利用新冠肺炎疫情大流行导致的悲痛和压力来发挥自己的最佳水平，并在此过程中帮助他人。A. avoid避免；B. catch抓住；C. look for寻找；D. bring out激发。通过上文“the grief and stress caused by the COVID-19 pandemic”以及下文“her best and help others”可推知，此处指新冠肺炎带来的悲痛和压力激发了Raegan Lawrence的最佳水平去帮助别人。故选D项。
23. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：新冠肺炎疫情大流行对Raegan和她的家人非常残酷。A. typical典型的；B. strange奇怪的；C. cruel残酷的；D. normal正常的。通过下文“She lost two of her aunts as well as her great grandfather”可推知，新冠肺炎疫情的大流行对于Raegan和她的家人来说非常残酷。故选C项。
24. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的两个姑姑和曾祖父都死于这种病毒。A. virus病毒；B. worm蠕虫；C. public民众；D. hospital医院。通过上文“caused by the COVID-19 pandemic”以及“lost two of her aunts as well as her great grandfather to the”可推知，设空处应该说明了是新冠肺炎病毒导致了Raegan的姑姑和曾祖父去世。故选A项。
25. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她还没能去探望她的一些亲戚，比如她的祖父。A. relatives亲戚；B. classmates同学；C. friends朋友；D. doctors医生。通过下文“such as her grandfather”可推知，此处指Raegan她还没能去探望她的一些亲戚。故选A项。
26. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她不断地感到悲伤，努力想知道自己能做些什么来使事情变得更好。A. hesitated犹豫；B. agreed同意；C. struggled努力；D. preferred更喜欢。通过上文“Feeling constantly sad”以及“to find out what she could do to make things”可推知，Raegan感到悲伤，努力想做些力所能及的事情。故选C项。
27. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她不断地感到悲伤，努力想知道自己能做些什么来使事情变得更好。A. heavier更重的；B. higher更高的；C. clearer更清晰的；D. better更好的。通过上文“struggled to find out what she could do to make things”以及下文她所做的事情可推知，Raegan想努力做些什么来使事情变得更好。故选D项。
28. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她在想办法帮忙的时候，她的乐队开始出售“世界上最好的巧克力棒”来筹集资金。A. help帮助；B. stay保持；C. share共享；D. show展示。通过上文“struggled to find out what she could do to make things better”可推知，Raegan在想办法帮忙。故选A项。
29. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这给了她一个想法——为什么不买世界上最好的巧克力来回报世界上最好的人呢？A. privilege特权；B. excuse借口；C. idea想法；D. advantage优点。通过下文“why not buy the world’s finest chocolate bars”可推知，Raegan有了一个主意。故选C项。
30. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这给了她一个想法——为什么不买世界上最好的巧克力来回报世界上最好的人呢？A. evaluate估计；B. reward回报；C. respect尊重；D. protect保护。通过下文“to buy bars for first responders”以及下文“the finest people in the world are the healthcare workers, firemen, and first responders”可推知，Reagan想要买世界上最好的巧克力来回报她所认为的世界上最好的人。故选B项。
31. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在她看来，世界上最优秀的人是医护人员、消防员和急救人员，他们在疫情大流行期间奉献帮助他人，但同时也把自己置于危险之中。A. devoted奉献；B. limited限制；C. abandoned遗弃；D. attached把……固定。通过下文“themselves during this pandemic to helping others while putting themselves”可推知，此处指医护人员、消防员和急救人员在疫情大流行期间奉献自己，帮助他人。故选A项。
32. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在她看来，世界上最优秀的人是医护人员、消防员和急救人员，他们在疫情大流行期间奉献帮助他人，但同时也把自己置于危险之中。A. silence沉默；B. stress压力；C. comfort舒适；D. danger危险。通过上文“have devoted themselves during this pandemic to helping others”可推知，医护人员、消防员和急救人员在疫情大流行的情况下舍身救人，是将自己置入了危险中。故选D项。
33. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然Reagan是一个典型的害羞的人，但这并没有阻止她推销她的糖果棒，然后用获得的钱为急救人员购买巧克力棒。A. stubborn倔强的；B. brave勇敢的；C. shy害羞的；D. patient有耐心的。通过下文“this did not stop her from promoting sales of her candy bars”可推知，Reagan虽然害羞，但并未停止卖糖果棒。故选C项。
34. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然Reagan是一个典型的害羞的人，但这并没有阻止她推销她的糖果棒，然后用获得的钱为急救人员购买巧克力棒。A. obtained获得；B. borrowed借；C. found发现，找到；D. changed改变。通过上文“using the money”以及下文“to buy bars for first responders”可推知，Reagan使用努力所获得的钱为急救人员购买巧克力棒。故选A项。
35. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她还决定用圣诞节、生日和其他礼物攒下的钱为世界上最优秀的人买巧克力。A. afforded提供；B. decided决定；C. refused拒绝；D. expected预期。通过下文“to take all the money”以及下文“buy chocolate bars for the world’s finest people”可推知，Reagan决定使用攒下的钱为世界上最优秀的人买巧克力。故选B项。
36. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：Reagan总共赠送了400多个巧克力棒。A. tried out试验；B. stored up储存；C. broke off中断；D. gave away赠送。通过下文“The first responders that received them”可推知，Reagan将巧克力棒赠送给了急救人员们。故选D项。
37. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：收到它们的第一批回应者不仅感激世界上最好的巧克力，而且感谢世界上最好的11岁女孩的慷慨和爱心行动!A. fit健康的；B. grateful感激的；C. responsible负责的；D. famous出名的。通过下文“not just for the world’s finest chocolate”以及“caring actions”可推知，收到Reagan送的巧克力棒的医护人员对于Reagan十分感激。故选B项。
38. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：收到它们的第一批急救人员不仅感激世界上最好的巧克力，而且感谢世界上最好的11岁女孩的慷慨和爱心行动!A. humorous幽默的；B. generous慷慨的；C. traditional传统的；D. honest诚实的。通过上文“grateful not just for the world’s finest chocolate”以及下文“caring actions”可推知，医护人员们对于Reagan的慷慨行为以及爱心行动十分感激。故选B项。
39. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Reagan的故事激励了许多人在这个充满挑战的时刻帮助那些需要帮助的人。A. invited邀请；B. persuaded劝服；C. inspired激励；D. required需要。通过上文“Raegan Lawrence’s story”以及下文“many others to help those in need”可推知，Raegan Lawrence的故事激励了许多人帮助那些需要帮助的人。故选C项。
40. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Reagan的故事激励了许多人在这个充满挑战的时刻帮助那些需要帮助的人。A. necessary必要的；B. fruitful硕果累累的；C. pleasant令人愉快的；D. challenging具有挑战性的。通读全文，再通过上文“help those in need during this”可知，现在是在新冠肺炎疫情大流行的时刻，即一个具有挑战性的时刻。故选D项。
3
When my daughter, Mia, was invited to a kids’ pool party, my heart sunk. My 41 sometimes got in the way of me doing activities with her.
There were moments that should have 42 as a warning, like the family party where I had frightening heart palpitations(心悸) and saw Mia looking at me in 43 , but I just nut it to the back of my 44 .
One day, one close friend 45 me, “Seriously, you are the biggest YOU I’ve ever seen. So, from now on you’re coming to the Slimming World group with me.” Later, her words 46 in my mind. There I was, aged 33, overweight and starting to have heart 47 . What would Mia do if she lost her dad?
48 , I was pulled into the group. With the consultant’s explanation of the eating plan, I started a dinner with lots of vegetables. The next week, I was 49 to find I’d lost 6 pounds—this might actually 50 !
With more confidence, I decided to practise swimming, 51 one day being a body-confident dad, splashing(戏水) around 52 at a pool party with Mia. As I 53 my swimming distance, my weight loss become even 54 . Mia loved seeing the change in me and the 55 shone on her face.
I’m also proud of myself for turning my life around, for Mia.
41. A. weight B. sight C. height D. look
42. A. escaped B. served C. stopped D. disappeared
43. A. joy B. excitement C. curiosity D. horror
44. A. neck B. hand C. mind D. shoulder2
45. A. taught B. laughed C. asked D. warned
46. A. worked B. circled C. woke D. rose
47. A. examinations B. functions C. problems D. researches
48. A. Immediately B. Calmly C. Gradually D. Fairly
49. A. upset B. sad C. amazed D. nervous
50. A. fade away B. settle down C. break out D. pay off
51. A. imagining B. forgetting C. admitting D. worrying
52. A. slowly B. happily C. secretly D. cautiously
53. A. observed B. predicted C. increased D. measured
54. A. evident B. dull C. reliable D. strange
55. A. anger B. anxiety C. fear D. pride
【答案】41. A 42. B 43. D 44. C 45. D 46. B 47. C 48. A 49. C 50. D
51. A 52. B 53. C 54. A 55. D
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。“我”在33岁的时候体重超标，而且出现了严重的心悸状况，这也影响到了“我”和女儿的互动。在朋友的劝诫下，为了女儿，“我”开始重视体重问题，和朋友一起参加减肥小组。在取得了一点进步后，“我”燃起了成功的希望，决定练习游泳，随着游泳距离的增加， “我”的体重下降变得更加明显。女儿看到“我”的变化也感到非常骄傲。
41. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的体重有时会妨碍我和她一起活动。A.weight体重；B.sight视力；C.height高度；D.look表情。根据“There I was, aged 33, overweight”(当时我33岁，体重超标)可知，此处是讲“我”的体重有时会妨碍“我”和她一起活动。故选A。
42. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有些时刻本应被当作一种警告，比如在家庭聚会上，我有可怕的心悸，看到米娅惊恐地看着我，但我只是把它抛在脑后。A.escaped逃跑；B.served可作……用；C.stopped停止；D.disappeared消失。根据“like the family party where I had frightening heart palpitations ”可知，此处是指这些时刻本来应被当作一种警告。故选B。
43. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有些时刻本应被当作一种警告，比如在家庭聚会上，我有可怕的心悸，看到米娅惊恐地看着我，但我只是把它抛在脑后。A.joy快乐；B.excitement兴奋；C.curiosity好奇；D.horror恐惧。根据“I had frightening heart palpitations”可知，此处是指米娅惊恐地看着“我”。故选D。
44. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有些时刻本应被当作一种警告，比如在家庭聚会上，我有可怕的心悸，看到米娅惊恐地看着我，但我只是把它抛在脑后。A.neck脖子；B.hand手；C.mind头脑；大脑；D.shoulder肩膀。根据“There were moments that should have served as a warning”可知，事实上“我”并没有重视这些警告，所以是把它抛在脑后。故选C。
45. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，一个好朋友警告我……A.taught教学；B.laughed大笑；C.asked询问；D.warned警告。根据“Seriously, you are the biggest YOU I’ve ever seen.”(说真的，你是我见过的最大的你。)可知，此处是指一个好朋友警 告“我”。故选D。
46. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，她的话在我脑海里盘旋。A.worked工作；B.circled盘旋；C.woke醒来；D.rose上升。根据“What would Mia do if she lost her dad?”(如果米娅失去了父亲，她会怎么样？)可知，“我”开始思考朋友说的话，所以是她的话在“我”脑海里盘旋。故选B。
47. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当时我33岁，体重超标，开始出现心脏问题。A.examinations测试；B.functions功能；C.problems问题；D.researches调查。根据“I had frightening heart palpitations”可知，此处是指开始出现心脏问题。故选C。
48. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我立刻被拉进了小组。A.Immediately立刻；B.Calmly平静地；C.Gradually渐渐地；D.Fairly相当地。根据“So, from now on you’re coming to the Slimming World group with me.”(所以，从现在开始，你要和我一起去减肥世界小组。)和“What would Mia do if she lost her dad?”可知，“我”在听了朋友的话后意识到了问题的严重性，所以立刻进入了减肥小组。故选A。
49. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：接下来的一周，我惊讶地发现我减掉了6磅——这可能真的会成功！A.upset失落的；B.sad伤心的；C.amazed惊奇的；D.nervous紧张的。根据“find I’d lost 6 pounds”可知，此处是指“我”惊讶地发现“我”减掉了6磅。故选C。
50. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：接下来的一周，我惊讶地发现我减掉了6磅——这可能真的会成功！A.fade away逐渐消失；B.settle down定居；C.break out爆发；D.pay off取得成功。根据“find I’d lost 6 pounds”可知，在发现自己真的减下来一些体重后，“我”燃起成功的希望。故选D。
51. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有了更多的自信，我决定练习游泳，想象有一天我能成为一个身材自信的爸爸，和米娅在泳池派对上快乐地嬉戏。A.imagining想象；B.forgetting忘记；C.admitting承认；D.worrying担心。根据“one day being a body-confident dad”可知，此处是指想象有一天能成为一个身材自信的爸爸。故选A。
52. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：有了更多的自信，我决定练习游泳，想象有一天我能成为一个身材自信的爸爸，和米娅在泳池派对上快乐地嬉戏。A.slowly慢慢地；B.happily快乐地；C.secretly秘密地；D.cautiously谨慎地。根据“splashing around”可知，此处是指快乐地嬉戏。故选B。
53. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着我游泳距离的增加，我的体重下降变得更加明显。A.observed观察；B.predicted预测；C.increased增加；D.measured测量。根据“my weight loss become even evident”可知，此处是指增加游泳距离。故选C。
54. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着我游泳距离的增加，我的体重下降变得更加明显。A.evident明显的；B.dull钝的；C.reliable可靠的；D.strange奇怪的。根据“Mia loved seeing the change in me”(米娅喜欢看到我的改变)可知，此处是指体重下降变得更加明显。故选A。
55. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：米娅喜欢看到我的变化，骄傲的神情在她脸上流露出来。A.anger生气；B.anxiety焦虑；C.fear恐惧；D.pride骄傲。根据“Mia loved seeing the change in me”可知，米娅对“我”的改变感到骄傲。故选D。
4
Have you ever lost something precious and thought you’d never get it back? A woman named Thomas from Oregon found a bag from a bargain shop. However, little did she know that bag would change someone’s life for the 56 .
It looked brand-new so she bought it without 57 . After making it home, she noticed something interesting and turned it over to 58 , and something heavy moved. She started to think negative thoughts in fear of what was left there. Thomas also 59 why the last owner would throw away such a valuable item. Curiously, she 60 further down through a hole in the lining (衬布). Slowly she pulled a brand-new 61 out with astonishment! That left her 62 more questions. For example, who did it on earth 63 ? On seeing picture after picture, she assumed it was a mother and her child, 64 that such a loss must have got a mother upset all her life. Therefore, she shared the photos online, hoping someone would 65 them! Meanwhile, she doubted whether they remained here.
66 , the owner Conner was nearby. Thomas 67 her that she had her camera with timeless photos. She nearly burst into tears the moment she saw the photos Thomas sent her. Thomas arranged a(n) 68 with Conner. “Thank you! It never occur to me that my camera should return to my 69 ; after all, seven years.” Conner blurted (脱口而出) as she walked up to Thomas with 70 . Thanks to Thomas, all her past memories were back in her hands and heart.
56. A. richer B. better C. easier D. harder
57. A. doubt B. mercy C. hesitation D. regret
58. A. examine B. open C. match D. sew
59. A. understood B. reflected C. recalled D. wondered
60. A. looked B. reached C. bent D. stretched
61. A. camera B. photo C. record D. phone
62. A. with B. off C. into D. beyond
63. A. take to B. stick to C. belong to D. respond to
64. A. anxious B. aware C. curious D. sensitive
65. A. recognize B. confirm C. contact D. observe
66. A. Unfortunately B. Eventually C. Hopefully D. Thankfully
67. A. begged B. reminded C. informed D. convinced
68. A. meeting B. interview C. celebration D. conference
69. A. charge B. possession C. name D. collection
70. A. dignity B. surprise C. relief D. excitement
【答案】56. B 57. C 58. A 59. D 60. B 61. A 62. A 63. C 64. B 65. A
66. D 67. C 68. A 69. B 70. D
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位女士偶然在二手市场买到一个包，发现包的夹层里有一个相机，相机里是一位母亲和她的孩子的照片。这位女士通过在网络上发布照片找到了相机的主人。相机的主人因七年后重新找到这些照片和美好的记忆而欣喜不已。
56. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，她不知道的是，这个包会让一个人的生活变得更好。A. richer更富有的；B. better更好的；C. easier更容易的；D. harder更难的。根据上文“bag would change someone’s life for”以及后文提到包里有珍贵的照片，可见是让一个人的生活变得更好，故选B。
57. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它看起来很新，所以她毫不犹豫地买了下来。A. doubt怀疑；B. mercy仁慈；C. hesitation犹豫；D. regret后悔。根据上文“It looked brand-new so she bought it without”可知指毫不犹豫买下了包，应用without hesitation。故选C。
58. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：到家后，她注意到一个有趣的东西，就把它翻过来看，有个很重的东西动了起来。A. examine检查；B. open打开；C. match匹配；D. sew缝合。根据上文“she noticed something interesting and turned it over to”可知是看到了有趣的东西，所以翻过来查看。故选A。
59. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Thomas还想知道为什么上一个主人会扔掉这么贵重的东西。A. understood理解；B. reflected反射；C. recalled回想起；D. wondered想知道。根据后文“why the last owner would throw away such a valuable item”指Thomas好奇为什么上一个主人会扔掉这么贵重的东西。故选D。
60. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：奇怪的是，她透过衬里上的一个洞往下伸手。A. looked看；B. reached到达，伸手；C. bent弯曲；D. stretched拉伸。根据后文“further down through a hole in the lining”可知，她透过衬里上的一个洞往下伸手。故选B。
61. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：慢慢地，她惊讶地拿出一个崭新的相机！A. camera照相机；B. photo照片；C. record记录；D. phone手机。根据下文中的“On seeing picture after picture”可知，她惊讶地从包里拿出了一个崭新的相机。故选A。
62. 考查介词词义辨析。句意：这给她留下了更多的疑问。A. with和；B. off脱离；C. into进入；D. beyond越过。根据后文“more questions”指给某人留下了疑问短语为leave sb. with questions。故选A。
63. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：比如，到底是属于谁的？A. take to走向；B. stick to坚持；C. belong to属于；D. respond to回答。根据下文中的“On seeing picture after picture, she assumed it was a mother and her child”可知，此处表示她想知道这个相机究竟属于谁。故选C。
64. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：看到一张又一张的照片，她认为是一位母亲和她的孩子，她意识到这样的损失一定会让一位母亲伤心不已。A. anxious焦虑的；B. aware意识到的；C. curious好奇的；D. sensitive敏感的。根据下文“that such a loss must have got a mother upset all her life”可知，她意识到这样的损失一定会使这位母亲一生感到不安。故选B。
65. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，她把这些照片分享到了网上，希望有人能认出来！A. recognize认出；B. confirm确认；C. contact联系；D. observe观察。根据上文中的“she shared the photos online”可知，她在网上将这些图片分享出来，希望有人能认出这些照片。故选A。
66. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：谢天谢地，失主康纳就在附近。A. Unfortunately不幸地；B. Eventually最后；C. Hopefully有希望地；D. Thankfully感谢地。根据下文中的“the owner Conner was nearby”可知，谢天谢地，相机的主人就在附近。故选D。
67. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：托马斯告诉她，她的相机里有永恒的照片。A. begged恳求；B. reminded提醒；C. informed通知；D. convinced说服。根据后文“her that she had her camera with timeless photos”可知，托马斯告知康纳，她拥有她丢失的那些照片。故选C。
68. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：托马斯和康纳安排了一次会面。 A. meeting会面；B. interview采访；C. celebration庆祝；D. conference会议。根据下文中的“with Conner”及语境可知，托马斯安排了和康纳的会面，要把相机给她。故选A。
69. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从来没有想过我的相机还能归我所有；毕竟，七年了。A. charge费用；B. possession财产，拥有；C. name名字；D. collection收集。根据上文中的“It never occur to me that my camera should return”可知，康纳从没想到自己能够重新拥有这部相机。故选B。
70. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：康纳激动地走到托马斯跟前，脱口而出。A. dignity尊严；B. surprise惊喜；C. relief减轻；D. excitement激动。根据上文“Thank you! It never occur to me that my camera should return to my”可知，康纳重新找回相机，很激动。故选D。
5
My family went on holiday for a week this summer. I was surprised to learn the sleeping 71 for the night — my young daughter had agreed to sleep in a first-floor bedroom by herself.
As we 72 , we discussed the deer we had 73 on our way. “I hope we could see a bear or two this 74 !” my wife shouted. At bedtime, my wife and I went to the upstairs room, and my parents-in-law (岳父母) headed for a 75 on the first floor. My wife and I were about to sleep when our daughter appeared with a/an 76 look on her face. She said a 77 was scratching (刮出刺耳声) at her window. I decided it would be best if I slept downstairs and my daughter shared the room with my wife.
On my way down, I passed my father-in-law, asleep in front of the 78 .
I was in bed only a few minutes when I heard a tap … tap on the window outside. Something was indeed out there. 79 , it wasn’t a bear — I told myself. I fell asleep soon. Some time later, I was 80 by a strange sound. I saw a large 81 in the doorway and froze as it 82 closer to me. I realized what it was — only after my father in-law bent down to give me a kiss. “It’s David.” My father-in-law jumped back. We laughed 83 at the awkward moment, and I explained his granddaughter’s bedroom 84 . I told him that the only thing 85 than a bear attack was Papa Bear coming in to kiss me good-night.
71. A. schedules B. arrangements C. plots D. routines
72. A. settled in B. broke in C. looked down D. calmed down
73. A. shot B. hunted C. trained D. spotted
74. A. evening B. week C. month D. year
75. A. study B. kitchen C. bedroom D. bathroom
76. A. worried B. embarrassed C. delighted D. satisfied
77. A. dog B. deer C. cat D. bear
78. A. house B. television C. door D. fire
79. A. Besides B. Therefore C. Otherwise D. However
80. A. awakened B. interrupted C. impressed D. struck
81. A. figure B. person C. animal D. ghost
82. A. climbed B. jumped C. inched D. rolled
83. A. eagerly B. sincerely C. secretly D. nervously
84. A. preference B. switch C. difference D. choice
85. A. prettier B. funnier C. scarier D. stranger
【答案】71. B 72. A 73. D 74. B 75. C 76. A 77. D 78. B 79. D 80. A
81. A 82. C 83. D 84. B 85. C
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者一家度假时，小女儿同意自己睡在一楼的卧室里，结果正要睡觉时女儿说有熊在抓她的窗户，于是作者和女儿换了房间。作者睡着后被奇怪的声音吵醒，结果是岳父，他本来是想给孙女晚安吻的，结果不知道作者和女儿换了房间，两人都尴尬地笑了。
71. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：得知当晚的睡觉安排时，我很惊讶——我的小女儿同意自己睡在一楼的卧室里。A. schedules时间表；B. arrangements安排；C. plots情节；D. routines常规。根据后文“my young daughter had agreed to sleep in a first-floor bedroom by herself”提到小女儿同意睡在一楼的卧室，可推测是做睡觉房间的安排，故选B。
72. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：歇下后，我们谈起路上看到的那只鹿。A. settled in迁入，歇息；B. broke in闯入；C. looked down往下看；D. calmed down平静下来。上文提到做睡觉安排，可推测此处是指他们歇息下以后开始谈论路上看到的鹿。故选A。
73. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：歇下后，我们谈起路上看到的那只鹿。A. shot发射；B. hunted狩猎；C. trained训练；D. spotted发现。根据上文“we discussed the deer we had”指路上看到的鹿，应用spot。故选D。
74. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我希望这周能看到一两只熊！A. evening晚上；B. week周；C. month月；D. year年。呼应第一段中“My family went on holiday for a week this summer.”指度假这一周看到熊。故选B。
75. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：睡觉的时候，我和妻子去了楼上的房间，岳父岳母去了一楼的卧室。A. study书房；B. kitchen厨房；C. bedroom卧室；D. bathroom浴室。根据上文“At bedtime”可知睡觉时间应当是去卧室休息。故选C。
76. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我和妻子正要睡觉时，我们的女儿出现了，脸上带着忧虑的神情。A. worried担心的；B. embarrassed尴尬的；C. delighted高兴的；D. satisfied满意的。后文提到女儿说有熊在抓窗户，可知女儿是带着忧虑的神情。故选A。
77. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她说有只熊在抓她的窗户。A. dog狗；B. deer鹿；C. cat猫；D. bear熊。根据后文“it wasn’t a bear — I told myself”可知女儿以为是熊在抓窗户。故选D。
78. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我下楼的路上，我遇到了在电视机前睡觉的岳父。A. house房子；B. television电视；C. door门；D. fire火。根据上文“asleep in front of the”结合当时是在室内，推测岳父是在电视机前睡着了。故选B。
79. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我告诉自己，那不是一只熊。A. Besides此外；B. Therefore因此；C. Otherwise否则；D. However然而。上文提到确实有东西在那里，后文说告诉自己那不是一只熊，前后为转折关系，应用however。故选D。
80. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：过了一会儿，我被一个奇怪的声音吵醒了。A. awakened唤醒；B. interrupted打断；C. impressed使印象深刻；D. struck罢工。根据后文“by a strange sound”指被奇怪的声音吵醒，awaken符合语境。故选A。
81. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我看到门口有一个巨大的身影，当它一点点靠近我时，我愣住了。A. figure身影；B. person人；C. animal动物；D. ghost鬼。根据后文“only after my father in-law bent down to give me a kiss”可知作者一开始看到一个巨大的身影在门口，故选A。
82. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看到门口有一个巨大的身影，当它一点点靠近我时，我愣住了。A. climbed攀爬；B. jumped跳跃；C. inched缓慢前进；D. rolled滚动。根据后文“closer to me. I realized what it was — only after my father in-law bent down to give me a kiss”作者看清那个身影是岳父，可推测这个身影缓慢靠近了作者。故选C。
83. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：在这尴尬的时刻，我们都紧张地笑了起来，我向他解释他的孙女换了卧室。A. eagerly急切地；B. sincerely真诚地；C. secretly秘密地；D. nervously紧张地。根据上文““It’s David.” My father-in-law jumped back.”可知岳父本来是想亲吻孙女，结果发现是作者，所以在这尴尬的时刻，他们都紧张地笑了起来，故选D。
84. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这尴尬的时刻，我们都紧张地笑了起来，我向他解释他的孙女换了卧室。A. preference偏爱；B. switch转换；C. difference差异；D. choice选择。呼应上文“I slept downstairs and my daughter shared the room with my wife.”作者和女儿换了房间。故选B。
85. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我告诉他，唯一比熊袭击更可怕的事情就是熊爸爸来和我晚安吻。A. prettier更美的；B. funnier更有趣的；C. scarier更吓人的；D. stranger更陌生的。根据后文“than a bear attack was Papa Bear coming in to kiss me good-night”结合上文作者看到门口巨大身影时的反应，可知此处指比熊袭击更可怕的事情就是熊爸爸来和自己晚安吻。故选C。
6
He loves visiting with the people on his route and is always looking for ways to help the neighborhood during his more than 12-hour long shifts.
So, when the 86 in his Georgia community moved entirely online in the spring, Finley, or “Mr. Adam” as the kids call him, couldn’t help but feel 87 for the students stuck inside all day; some going 88 or months without seeing their classmates 89 .
One day during his daily route in Stone Mountain, Finley decided to do something to help 90 the spirits of the Jones sisters, Eva, 7, and Aria, 6. “These girls haven’t been able to go to school or see their 91 all year,” Finley told CNN. “I thought, ‘What can I do to bring a smile to their faces? Something different, something to bring some excitement for the day. ”
After checking with the girls’ parents, Finley 92 some cards out of his pocket and started the first of many games of Tic-tac-toe(井字棋).
It was an instant 93 .
Every morning for the next few weeks, Eva and Aria would run out to the 94 to make their strategic moves, leave the cards in the mailbox, and wait for “Mr. Adam” to make his 95 when he returned with their mail the following day.
Finley says he would let the girls win so he can reward them with a 96 . “They are always so excited to win,” Finley said. “I’ve surprised them with gift cards for ice cream, flavored popcorn, anything to make them 97 .”
Finley, who has two grown children of his own, says he feels for the young kids not being able to 98 the joys of in-person school this year. “When it’s 7:30 in the morning and those girls are all excited waving at the door, that’s my 99 ,” he said.
“It was what they 100 every morning, seeing what move he would make,” the girls’ mother, Erin Jones, told CNN. Jones said that although 2020 has been tough she is grateful for the 101 it taught her and her family about 102 the small moments in life.
“Insignificant moments of ‘normal’ are now extremely important,” Jones said. “The USPS (美国邮局) may have had a hard year, but there’s no doubt in the Jones house that the Christmas spirit is 103 and well because of one of their best 104 ,” she added. “Thank you, Mr. Adam, for bringing such 105 to such a dark year. ”
Nowadays Finley is playing the game with other neighborhood kids.
86. A. mails B. schools C. factories D. communities
87. A. sorry B. excited C. grateful D. ashamed
88. A. seconds B. days C. weeks D. centuries
89. A. on purpose B. by accident C. at once D. in person
90. A. upset B. control C. lift D. develop
91. A. classmates B. relatives C. parents D. scholars
92. A. drew B. put C. hid D. persuaded
93. A. game B. hit C. incident D. entertainment
94. A. house B. mailbox C. vehicle D. classroom
95. A. move B. decision C. suggestions D. comments
96. A. book B. prize C. trip D. Tic-tac-toe
97. A. calm B. proud C. smile D. sigh
98. A. observe B. satisfy C. sacrifice D. experience
99. A. misfortune B. disbelief C. program D. reward
100. A. was afraid of B. was ashamed of
C. looked up to D. looked forward to
101. A. information B. lesson C. knowledge D. policy
102. A. appreciating B. recording C. recalling D. confirming
103. A. awkward B. annoyed C. alive D. anxious
104. A. customers B. colleagues C. citizens D. employees
105. A. concept B. promise C. light D. virtue
【答案】86. B 87. A 88. C 89. D 90. C 91. A 92. A 93. A 94. B 95. A
96. B 97. C 98. D 99. D 100. D 101. B 102. A 103. C 104. D 105. C
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述邮递员芬利在新冠期间，通过和社区的孩子玩井字游戏让这些被困在家里的孩子得到了乐趣，也因此在这个黑暗时刻给那些家庭带去了光明。
86. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以，当他所在的乔治亚社区的学校在春季完全转到网上时，芬利或“亚当先生”(孩子们这样称呼他)不禁为那些整天被困在家里的学生感到惋惜；A. mails邮件；B. schools学校；C. factories工厂；D. communities社区。根据下文的“for the students stuck inside all day”可知，此处是指由于新冠，该社区所有的学校在春季时都开始网上授课。且下文的“These girls haven’t been able to go to school”也是提示。故选B。
87. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以，当他所在的乔治亚社区的学校在春季完全转到网上时，芬利或“亚当先生”(孩子们这样称呼他)不禁为那些整天被困在家里的学生感到惋惜；A. sorry抱歉的；B. excited兴奋的，激动的；C. grateful感激的；D. ashamed羞愧的。根据下文“for the students stuck inside all day”可知，芬利为孩子们整日被困在家里感到惋惜，feel sorry for“对……感到惋惜”。故选A。
88. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有些人几周甚至几个月都没有亲自见到自己的同学。A. seconds秒；B. days天，日子；C. weeks周；D. centuries世纪。根据常识和下文的“or months”可知，此处用几周甚至几个月符合语境。故选C。
89. 考查副词短语辨析。句意：有些人几周甚至几个月都没有亲自见到自己的同学。A. on purpose故意地；B. by accident意外地；C. at once立刻；D. in person亲自。结合上文提到学校进行网上授课可知，学生们已经很久没有亲自见到自己的同学。故选D。
90. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，在石山进行每天派送邮件时，芬利决定做些事情来帮助琼斯姐妹——7岁的伊娃和6岁的艾瑞亚——振作精神。A. upset使……沮丧；B. control控制；C. lift举起，提高，使心情变好；D. develop发展，开发。根据下文的“What can I do to bring a smile to their faces？”可知，芬利想做点事情让姐妹两的心情好起来，lift the spirits of sb.“使某人精神振奋”。故选C。
91. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“这些女孩一整年都不能去上学，也不能见自己的同学。”A. classmates同学；B. relatives亲戚；C. parents父母；D. scholars学者。根据上文的“These girls haven’t been able to go to school”可知，姐妹两没能去上学，因此很久没有见到自己的同学。故选A。
92. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在和两个女孩的父母商量后，芬利从口袋里抽出几张牌，开始玩井字棋。A. drew画画，吸引，抽出；B. put 放置；C. hid隐藏；D. persuaded劝说。根据下文的“some cards out of his pocket”可知，是从衣服口袋里抽出事先准备好的井字棋。故选A。
93. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一款即时游戏。A. game游戏，比赛；B. hit受欢迎的人或物；C. incident事件；D. entertainment娱乐节目，招待。根据上文的“the first of many games of Tic-tac-toe”可知，此处是指井字棋是一款即时游戏。故选A。
94. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的几个星期里，每天早上，伊娃和艾瑞亚都会跑到邮箱，制定战略性的走棋，把卡片放在邮箱里，然后等着亚当先生第二天带着他们的邮件回来时完成他的走棋。A. house房子；B. mailbox邮箱；C. vehicle车辆；D. classroom教室。根据下文的“leave the cards in the mailbox”可知，此处是指姐妹两跑到邮箱边去完成自己的走棋。故选B。
95. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的几个星期里，每天早上，伊娃和艾瑞亚都会跑到邮箱，制定战略性的走棋，把卡片放在邮箱里，然后等着亚当先生第二天带着他们的邮件回来时完成他的走棋。A. move运动，走棋；B. decision决定；C. suggestions建议；D. comments评论。根据上文的“to make their strategic moves”可知，此处是指芬利的走棋。故选A。
96. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：芬利说他会让女孩们赢，这样他就可以奖励她们一个奖品。A. book书；B. prize奖品；C. trip旅行；D. Tic-tac-toe井字棋。根据下文的“I’ve surprised them with gift cards for ice cream, flavored popcorn”可知，女孩们赢了芬利会给她们奖品。故选B。
97. 考查动词和形容词词义辨析。句意：我用冰淇淋的礼品卡、美味的爆米花，以及任何能让她们微笑的东西给她们带来惊喜。A. calm冷静；B. proud骄傲的，自豪的；C. smile微笑；D. sigh叹息。根据上文的“Finley decided to do something to help _____ the spirits of the Jones sisters”可知，芬利这样做是为了让姐妹两开心。故选C。
98. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：芬利自己也有两个成年孩子，他说他很同情今年的孩子们不能亲身体验学校的乐趣。A. observe遵守，观察；B. satisfy满足；C. sacrifice牺牲；D. experience经历，体验。结合孩子们今年因为新冠不能去上学可知，他们不能体验学校的乐趣。故选D。
99. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他说：“当早上七点半，那些女孩都兴奋地在门口招手时，这就是我的回报。”A. misfortune不幸；B. disbelief不信；C. program项目；D. reward报酬，回报。结合语境可知，芬利把孩子们的快乐看作自己的回报。故选D。
100. 考查短语辨析。句意：“这是他们每天早上所期待的，看看他会走出什么样的新棋招，”女孩的母亲艾琳·琼斯告诉CNN。A. was afraid of害怕；B. was ashamed of对……感到愧疚；C. looked up to尊敬，仰慕；D. looked forward to期待。根据上文的“When it’s 7:30 in the morning and those girls are all excited waving at the door”可知，女孩们每天早上都期待着芬利的到来。故选D。
101. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：琼斯说，虽然2020年很艰难，但她很感激它给她和她的家人上的一颗——感激生命中的点点滴滴。A. information 信息；B. lesson课程，教训；C. knowledge知识；D. policy政策。结合上下文可知，经过这件事琼斯有了新的感悟，懂了要感激生命中点点滴滴，因此可说此事给她和她的家人上了一课。故选B。
102. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：琼斯说，虽然2020年很艰难，但她很感激它给她和她的家人上的一颗——感激生命中的点点滴滴。A. appreciating感激，欣赏；B. recording记录，录制；C. recalling回忆；D. confirming证实。根据下文的““Thank you, Mr. Adam, for bringing such _____ to such a dark year. ””可知，琼斯对芬利表示感谢，由此推知她学到了要感激生活中的点点滴滴。故选A。
103. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她补充说：“USPS可能经历了艰难的一年，但毫无疑问，在琼斯之家，圣诞节是有活力的，这都是因为他们最好的员工之一。”A. awkward尴尬的；B. annoyed生气的；C. alive活的，有活力的；D. anxious焦虑的。根据上文的“The USPS (美国邮局) may have had a hard year”和but表示转折可知，尽管美国邮局经历了艰难的一年，但琼斯家的圣诞节一定是充满活力的。故选C。
104. 考查名词词义辨析。她补充说：“USPS可能经历了艰难的一年，但毫无疑问，在琼斯之家，圣诞节是有活力的，这都是因为他们最好的员工之一。”A. customers顾客；B. colleagues同事；C. citizens市民；D. employees雇员。根据上文内容可知，芬利是邮递员，那么他就是美国邮局的员工之一。故选D。
105. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“谢谢你，亚当先生，在这黑暗的一年里带来了这样的光明。”A. concept概念，主旨；B. promise诺言；C. light光；D. virtue美德。根据下文的“such a dark year.”可知，此处指芬利通过自己的行为给琼斯一家带来了光明。故选C。