人教版初一（下）英语第20讲：unit 10语法篇（教师版） 教案

Unit 10 语法篇

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熟练掌握本章重点语法知识。

There be句型

There be句型的基本用法是表示“某地（或某时）有某人（或某物）”，其形式为“Therebe＋代词或名词（短语）＋地点／时间状语”。这里there是引导词，没有词义，be是谓语动词，代词或名词（短语）是主语。be要与主语保持人称和数的一致。否定句是在be后加not；一般疑问句是将be放在句首；反意疑问句中的简短问句是由“be（或其否定式）＋there”构成。例如：

1．There is a desk and two chairs in the room．（紧挨着be动词的主语是a desk，是单数，故be的形式要用is）

2．There aren't two chairs and a desk in the room．（否定句）

3．Is there anything wrong with your ears？（Yes，there is．／No，there isn't．）

4．There wasn't a meeting yesterday，was there？（反意疑问句）

除此之外，还有一个重要句式“有某人在做某事”，要用“There be ＋sb．＋doing sth．＋地点／时间状语”。
例如：There are several children swimming in the river．河里有几个孩子在游泳。

There be 结构中常见的时态有如下几种情况：

通过上表可知：各种时态的变化是通过 be动词的变化来体现的。至于你提到的两个句子我们先不考虑对错，首要的问题是弄清楚There be与have所表示的意义。There be句型表示“存在”关系，have表示“所属”关系，两者不能混合在一个句子中。例如，要说“明天有一个班会。”（1）There will have a class meeting tomorrow．（×）（2）There is going to／will be a class meeting tomorrow．（√）有时候既表示“存在”又表示“所属”时两种都可以用。例如：Class Three have a map of China on the wall．（“地图”为三班学生所有）There is a map of China on the wall in Class Three．（“地图”存在于三班）由此看来，There will have是错误的。

复习There be句型时除了掌握基础知识外，还应注意以下问题：

1．There be句型的考查更多的是将be动词与主语结合在一起进行的，即主谓的一致性。例如：

（1）There is _____ on the floor．

（2）There are _____ on the floor．

选项：A．cat B．water C．boxes D．football解析：

（1）由is可知主语应是可数名词单数或不可数名词，而A、D项中都缺少冠词a，故选B，同理可知（2）应选C。

2．如果作主语的是一个短语，则常常考查短语中的修饰语。可数名词的复数形式前可以用any，som e，few，a few，m any或用数词 ＋hundred／thousand／million，hundreds／ thousands／millions of，no等修饰；不可数名词可以受any，some，no，little，a little，much等词的修饰。例如：

（1）There were _____ students in our school．

A．hundreds B．eight hundred C．eight hundreds of

（2）There is _____ water．You needn't get some more．

A．few B．little C．much

解析：（1）由数词与名词的搭配关系可知选B，（2）由water可知排除A项，再由后一句意思便知选C。

3．注意不定代词的用法。

（1）不定代词在句中作主语，谓语动词要用单数形式。例如：There is nothing in the fridge．（2）不定代词受形容词修饰时要放在形容词的前面。例如：There is something interesting in today's newspaper．

4．There be句型的反意疑问句，要注意陈述部分的形式。

如果陈述部分含有little，few，no，nobody，none等否定词时，后面的简短问句中要用肯定形式。例如：There is nobody in the room，is there？

但有的含有否定意义的形容词修饰不定代词时则仍看作肯定句式。例如：There is something unusual in the room，isn't there？

5．要注意句子前后意思的一致性。

    有的句子单独看其意义时，可能不止一个选项适合于它，但如果联系上下句的意思则只能有一个恰当的选项。例如：（1）There is _____ food．You needn't buy any．（2） There is _____ food．You have to buy some．（A．any B．some C．no）从这两题中的第一个句子来看均可选用some和no，但与后面的句意结合看，答案则是唯一的：（1）B，（2）C。

There be句型命题趋向有两个方面：一是进一步加强对知识的理解与运用方面的考查。例如be动词与主语的一致性、名词或代词的修饰语、搭配关系、含否定词的反意疑问句等。二是有可能出现“有某人在做某事”这一句型，即“There be ＋sb．＋doing sth．＋地点／时间状语”。

1．There are few _____ in the fridge．Let's go and buy some peas，carrots and cabbages．

A．vegetables   B．fruit     C．meat    D．eggs

2．Look！There are some _____ on the floor．

A．child    B．water    C．boxes    D．girl

3．There _____ an English Evening next Tuesday．

A．was     B．will be    C．will have    D．are going to be

4．There _____ a football game in our school．

A．has     B．will have    C．will be

5．There is _____ food here．We'll have to buy some．

A．any     B．some    C．no

解析：

1. 因为是few，所以为可数名词，根据回答是蔬菜，故选A。

2. 因为是are，所以为可数名词复数，故选C。

3. 因为是there be句型，同时为将来时态，故选B。

4. 因为是there be句型，和have，has不能混用，故选C。

5. 因为是不可数名词，同时后面是没有，故选C。

基础演练

一、单项选择（共5小题；共5.0分）

 1. --- Could you give me                  money?

--- Sorry. I don't have                  with me.

 2. Do you know how many                  a horse has and how many                  a bee (蜜蜂) has?

 3. How many                  can you see in the picture?

 4.                  some juice and milk in our fridge(冰箱).

 5. --- Would you like to come to my birthday party?

---                 .

二、按要求转换句型（共5小题；共10.0分）

 6. People would like to eat long noodles on their birthday. (对划线部分提问)

                                  people                                   eat on their birthday?

 7. Here is a sandwich for you. (改为复数形式)

Here                                   for you.

 8. There are some trees in front of the library. (改为一般疑问句，并作否定回答)

---                                                    trees in front of the library?

---                 ,                                  .

 9. I want a medium bowl of noodles, please. (对划线部分提问)

                                  bowl of noodles                  you                 , please?

10. I would like to listen to music. (改为一般疑问句)

                 you                                   listen to music?

巩固提高

三、翻译(根据中文提示完成句子)（共5小题；共5.0分）

11. 你想要哪种面条？

                                                   noodles would you like?

12. 我想要中碗的牛肉西红柿面。

I would like a                                   of noodles                  beef and                 .

13. --- 你在学校有些朋友吗？

--- 是的，我有一些外国朋友。

--- Do you have                  friends at school?

--- Yes, I have                  foreign friends.

14. 你听什么种类的音乐？

                                                                    do you listen to?

15. --- 你愿意加入我们吗？

--- 是的，我愿意。

---                                                                     join us?

--- Yes,                                                   .

答案

一、单项选择

 1. A  2. A  3. B  4. D  5. B 

二、按要求转换句型

 6. What would,like to

 7. are sandwiches

 8. Are there any; No; there aren't

 9. What size, would, like

10. Would,like to

三、翻译(根据中文提示完成句子)

11. What kind of

12. medium, bowl, with, tomatoes

13. any, some

14. What kind of music

15. Would you like to, I'd love to

一、单项选择（共5小题；共5.0分）

 1. Would you like some                 ?

 2. I often eat some                  and                  for breakfast.

 3. I would like to have                 .

 4. --- What can you see in the bowl?

---                 .

 5. I have twelve                  and thirteen                 .

二、完形填空（共10小题；共15.0分）

    How many         6         of Chinese food do you know? I'd like         7         you some specials.

            8        1 is noodles. There are many kinds of noodles in China, like rolled noodles, pulled noodles, knife-cut noodles and fried noodles. All of them         9         great.

    Special 2 is         10        . I think you must know         11        . Do you know the famous Kung Fu Panda cartoon movie? There are         12         kinds of Chinese specials in the movie: noodles and fried(油煎的) dumplings.         13         we also have another dumplings—boiled(水煮的) dumplings. We often eat boiled dumplings         14         the Spring Festival.

    I like Chinese food very much. I hope you         15         like it.

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三、阅读理解（共10小题；共20.0分）

A

16. If you have 30 RMB, you can buy                  kind(s) of desserts.

17. Today we order a large dessert, two small bowls of mutton and carrot noodles and a large bowl of tomato and egg noodles. We need to pay                  RMB.

18. Nancy likes desserts very much but she doesn't eat tomatoes or potatoes. She can eat                 .

19. Paul and his sister Emma go to Noodle House. Paul wants a large bowl and Emma wants a small bowl. They only have 6 RMB and Emma doesn't eat eggs or beef. They can eat a large bowl of                  noodles and a small bowl of                  noodles.

20. The two ads are mainly about different                 .

B

21. If you'd like hamburgers, you can                 .

22. What can't you have in Big Pizza?

23. What can you have at 11:30 p.m.?

24. Where can you eat ice-cream?

25. What is KFC's address?

答案

一、单项选择

 1. D  2. A  3. A  4. B  5. C 

二、完形填空

 6. B  7. C  8. D  9. D 10. B 

11. A 12. C 13. D 14. A 15. B 

三、阅读理解

16. B 17. C 18. C 19. D 20. A 

21. B 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. C