2023阿拉善盟一中高三上学期期末英语试题含解析

这是一份2023阿拉善盟一中高三上学期期末英语试题含解析，文件包含内蒙古阿拉善盟第一中学2022-2023学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题含解析docx、内蒙古阿拉善盟第一中学2022-2023学年高三上学期期末考试英语试题无答案docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共33页， 欢迎下载使用。
考生注意：
1.本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分120分，考试时间100分钟。
2.答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。
3.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡 上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;非选择题请用直径0. 5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上 各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。
4.本卷命题范围：高考范围。
第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
We did a quick survey f New Year traditins arund the wrld, and culdn’t help but ntice that the traditins might reflect cultural varieties? but the meanings behind them are pretty universal.
Philippines
In Philippines? families hld traditinal dinner parties called Media Nche t greet the New Year. Circle-shaped fruits are their favrites, such as grapes, ranges and melns, since they lk like cins, yu knw. Filipins actually try t chse 12 different kinds f fruit t put n the table—ne fr each mnth in the New Year.
Make sure yu leave sme fd in yur plate. It’s bad luck t start the New Year ff as a hungry wlf.
Spain
Many Spaniards will eat 12 fresh grapes at midnight—ne with each strike f the clck. Each grape represents a wish fr happiness and gd luck fr every mnth in the cming year. This “12 grapes in 12 secnds“ custm came frm a grape farmer in the Alicante regin wh wanted t prmte his prduce abut a century ag. The traditin has spread t ther cuntries t? with a few adjustments. In Prtugal? they eat 12 dried grapes. In Peru? they eat a thirteenth grape.
Denmark
In Denmark? they eat kransekage, a big hrn-shaped cake, n New Year’s Eve. When they’re finished with the cake, it’s Danish custm t thrw the used plates against the frnt drs f their friends and neighbrs. It’s actually a sign f friendship.
Italy
Prk sausages are usually served n New Year’s Eve in Italy. Italians chse prk because they think pigs are fat and keep mving frward, while ther animals, such as chickens r cws, mve backward r stand still.
But whatever yu eat int the New Year in Italy-prk, fish r chicken-make sure yu stay at hme. Italians thrw ld pssessins ut f the windw after midnight as an ut-with-the-ld, make-rm-fr-the-new gesture.
1. Hw many kinds f fruit are usually served at Media Nche?
A. 6.B. 8.C. 10.D. 12.
2. Wh eat dried grapes at midnight t greet the New Year?
A. The Prtuguese.B. Spaniards.C. Filipins.D. Italians.
3. What d the last tw traditins have in cmmn?
A. Eating special meat.
B. Thrwing away ld things.
C. Leaving fd in plates.
D. Preferring cin-shaped fruits.
B
There is a curius lve triangle that sits at the center f the new dcumentary Fire f Lve. It’s between a man, a wman and a vlcan. Well, all f them are vlcanes.
Their names might nt be especially well-knwn tday, but in the 1970s and ‘80s, French scientists Katia Krafft and Maurice Krafft were very famus fr their phtgraphs and writings abut the vlcanes. When they died in 1991 n Munt Unzen in Japan, their deaths were cvered glbally. But their stry has smewhat faded in the public memry in the past three decades? thugh Werner Herzg did sptlight them in his 2016 dcumentary Int the Infern.
The Kraffts? wh first bnded ver Munt Etna and Munt Strmbli and were married in 1970, witnessed abut 140 eruptins n every cntinent except Antarctica and wn an Emmy fr their Natinal Gegraphic dcumentary Muntains f Fire. They wuld famusly drp everything t get t an active vlcan, and were ften the first n site. They were als knwn fr their willingness t get dangerusly clse.
Filmmaker Sara Dsa nce met the Kraffts while making an earlier film abut Iceland many years ag. In 2020, with the help f Image’ Est, a French museum, and Maurice Krafft’s brther, Bertrand Krafft, Dsa and her team were able t get access t ver 180 hurs f ftage sht by the Kraffts. S Dsa decided t make smething abut the Kraffts in the true spirit f the Kraffts.
“We wanted t let them play themselves. We see them as the authrs f their wn stry,“ Dsa said. ”This is a c-creatin, sht by them and starring them. We’re just stringing tgether the pieces f their life fr the audience t cnnect with.”
Hwever, Fire f Lve is anything but a filmed Wikipedia(维基百科)page. Dsa and her team have drawn n the techniques f French New Wave films t help shape the style f their film, including playful multiple screens.
4. Where did Katia Krafft and Maurice Krafft pass away?
A. On Munt Etna.B. On Munt Strmbli.
C. On Munt Unzen.D. On Munt Krakata.
5. Why were the Kraffts cnsidered as vlcanes?
A. They were enthusiastic abut studying vlcanes.
B. They were well-knwn fr their shrt-lived marriage.
C. Their deaths were related t the biggest vlcan.
D. Their lve stry appeared in many vlcan bks.
6. Wh directed the film Fire f Lve?
A Bertrand Krafft.B. Sara Dsa.C. Werner Herzg.D. Katia Krafft.
7 What is the text?
A. A lve stry.B. A bigraphy.C. A dcumentary.D. A film review.
C
Humans have lng been trying t make sense f ur place in the universe. Waiting at a launch site in French Guiana? NASA’s James Webb Space Telescpe is the latest step frward in that ancient quest (探索).
Using telescpes, astrnmers have seen many galaxies (星系) such as the Andrmeda Galaxy and the NGC 3227 Galaxy. S far, the mst distant galaxy ever discvered, GN-z11, was sptted by the Hubble Space Telescpe. T the untrained eye, it lks like a red blb (小点点), but it’s basically like lking back in time abut 13.4 billin years ag. That’s just abut 0.4 billin years after the Big Bang.
“Hubble is limited in hw far back in time it can lk, s finding this ne was just a lucky break,” says Marusa Bradac, an astrnmer at the University f Califrnia. “Astrnmers nly sptted it because decades f using Hubble have let them cver much f the sky, and this particular early galaxy is surprisingly bright althugh it is 25 times smaller than the Milky Way Galaxy and has just ne percent f its mass.”
Already, with that ne galaxy, we’ve started t questin sme f ur assumptins abut hw galaxies grw. The pwerful, $ 10 billin James Webb Space Telescpe has technlgy that shuld let it see back t 0.1 ~0.2 billin years after the Big Bang, the perid when the very first galaxies pssibly frmed.
“If all g well, the James Webb Space Telescpe will help us t build up the stry f hw the first galaxies ever frmed and hw they grew int galaxies we see tday and we live in tday,” says Bradac. “But the chances f seeing thse first brn stars with the new telescpe are small. There’s maybe even mre f a chance that we might see sme f thse stars explde. Such infrmatin can help us understand hw galaxies frmed and changed int the familiar shapes and structures seen tday. That’s what’s amazing abut the new telescpe.”
8. When did the Big Bang take place?
A. Arund 13.0 billin years ag.
B. Arund 13.4 billin years ag.
C. Arund 13.6 billin years ag.
D. Arund 13.8 billin years ag.
9. What des the underlined wrds “this ne” in paragraph 3 refer t?
A. The Milky Way Galaxy.B. The GN-z11 Galaxy.
C. The Andrmeda Galaxy.D. The NGC 3227 Galaxy.
10. What is the furth paragraph mainly abut?
A. The great ptential f the new telescpe.
B. The need fr new scientific breakthrughs.
C The cst f the James Webb Space Telescpe.
D. The imprtance f the Hubble Space Telescpe.
11. What can the new telescpe mst likely help scientists d accrding t Bradac?
A. Find the first brn star in the universe.
B. Witness the ccurring f the Big Bang.
C. See the explsin f sme f the first brn stars.
D. Get a cmplete understanding f the universe.
D
Be it sugar r scial media, the respnse in ur brain is the same: It prduces a “feel-gd” chemical called dpamine. It first brings abut pleasure, but it desn’t last very lng. It is then fllwed by pain s that we have t search fr the pleasurable things again.
“This cycle f pleasure and pain made sense in the time f early humans when we had t cnstantly search fr ur basic needs-fd, water, shelter,” says Dr. Anna Lembke, a Stanfrd Medical Schl researcher. “But ur brains weren’t adjusted t put ut the ‘fire f dpamine’ caused by pleasurable things that are s easily available in mdern life.”
In additin, when we’re repeatedly expsed t pleasure-prducing things, we’re nt able t take jy in the same rewards. Instead, we need strnger and strnger stimulus (刺激) just t feel gd. Otherwise, the cycle will lead us t anxiety, depressin and many ther prblems.
“This is a universal prblem—nt ne limited t thse struggling with the disease f addictin. If we want t stay mentally healthy, we must rethink hw t break the cycle in a dpamine-verladed wrld,” says Lembke.
Her suggestins fr the addicts?
Take a 30-day break frm anything that we rely n fr pleasure. This desn’t mean ging cld turkey frever. But this first mnth is key t breaking the pleasure-pain cycle and it’s a lt easier t cut ut an addictive behavir entirely at first. Then re-intrduce the pleasurable things little by little, like just a few bites f ice cream at a time r just ne hur nline a night.
Anther strategy is t create physical distance between us and ur addictin. That culd mean just remving the addictive thing frm ur persnal space. Fr smene wh’s addicted t vide games, that culd mean a separate laptp fr wrk and ne fr play.
“In a time f abundance, we have t strike a pleasure-pain balance, which means intentinally aviding pleasure and seeking the kind f purpseful pain that keeps us healthy, such as exercise,” Lembke says. “By ding s, we will reset reward pathways and eventually be a lt happier. It’s nt easy, but it’s well wrth ding in the lng term.”
12. What can we learn abut dpamine frm the text?
A. It has always been harmful t humans.
B. It gives us less jy fr the same rewards.
C. It can be caused by anything available.
D. It can lead t a lasting gd feeling.
13. What d the underlined wrds “ging cld turkey” prbably mean?
A. Abandning.B. Waiting.C. Cking.D. Repeating.
14. What des Dr. Anna Lembke suggest we d in the lng term?
A. Avid pleasure in life.
B. Set a strict limit n pleasurable things.
C. Change reward pathways.
D. Expse urselves t repeated rewards.
15. Which f the fllwing is a suitable title fr the text?
A. Ways t Live With Dpamine in Peace
B. Tips n Getting Rid f Scial Media Addictin
C. Strategies fr Making Mst f the Mdern Life
D. The Need t Strike a Pleasure-pain Balance
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Over the past century, science has made lts f advances in understanding the meanings f bdy language. Here are sme f the mst useful findings.
Open palm(手掌)
Have yu nticed hw smene swears t tell the truth in a curt f law? He usually puts ne hand n a religius bk and raises the ther hand int the air, palm facing whever he is speaking t. He des this because an pen palm has been assciated with truth and hnesty thrughut ur histry. ___16___ . S we cannt be a threat t anyne.
Finger pinting
If smene is clsing their palm and pinting with their index finger, then he is trying t display pwer, thugh it desn’t always wrk ut. Psychlgists say, the pinted finger is used like a symblic stick with which the speaker tries t beat his listeners. ___17___ .
Frced smile
Researchers say, smile is all abut the lines arund the eyes. ___18___ . If he is trying t frce a smile, yu wn’t see the lines and the facial expressin tends t be very awkward. Making a genuine smile-als knwn as a Duchenne smile-is nearly impssible t d n cmmand. S lk fr a lack f lines arund the eyes t detect a frced smile.
___19___
In the same way that real smiles shape the lines arund the eyes, wrry, shck r fear can cause peple t raise their eyebrws in discmfrt. S if smene praises yur new hairstyle r clthes with his eyebrws raised, he r she may nt be sincere.
Crssed arms
___20___ While crssed arms typically indicate that smene is clsed ff, peple are als mre likely t crss their arms when it’s cld and when their chair desn’t have an armrest. Be aware f the envirnment befre making a decisin r changing strategy based n these types f behavirs.
A. Lwered eyebrws
B. Raised eyebrws
C. When he is just pretending t smile, they dn’t
D. We als use this gesture t shw that ur hands are empty
E. When smene is smiling jyfully, a lt f lines will appear
F. Therefre it usually leads t negative feelings in the audience
G. It’s easy t detect bdy-language signs, but it’s imprtant t be aware f the cntext
第二部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Our church has a way f helping thse wh have financial difficulties withut making them feel shame r guilt. It just puts the dnated mney in a(n) ___21___ withut the giver’s name. The envelpe is then sent t the ___22___ mailbx.
There came a time when my husband and I were amng thse in need f help. We did nt ___23___ ur financial prblem with ur children since we did nt want t ___24___ them with a prblem they culd d nthing t slve. ___25___ they knew it because they were ___26___ that we had t cut back n many necessary things.
Our situatins kept ___27___ . Just as we reached the ___28___ pint, we fund a gift envelpe in ur mailbx. We were extremely ___29___ fr the help and kept ____30____ wh had given us such a generus gift.
A year later, ur 17-year-ld sn had t ____31____ a student lan s he culd attend university. It was then we discvered that his ____32____ was almst empty. His father and I were very ____33____ because we had trusted him t put part f his ____34____ frm his part-time jb int the bank fr his ____35____ . Frm the time he was nine years ld he had been a paper carrier fr a lcal newspaper, and he had ____36____ very hard. I asked him ____37____ where the mney had gne. At first, he ____38____ t tell me. But I wuld nt let him alne. Finally, my sn ____39____ that the year befre he had put his savings in the envelpe t help his ____40____ and me.
21. A. bkB. envelpeC. bxD. ffice
22 A. banker’sB. manager’sC. receiver’sD. brrwer’s
23. A. discussB. dealC. teachD. see
24. A. prvideB. pleaseC. meetD. burden
25. A. SB. OrC. ButD. And
26. A. awareB. gladC. ptimisticD. lucky
27. A. imprvingB. wrseningC. changingD. develping
28. A. balancıngB. cuttingC. startingD. breaking
29. A. gratefulB. sadC. kindD. angry
30. A. annuncingB. helpingC. hpingD. wnderıng
31. A. pay backB. apply frC. turn dwnD. give up
32. A. rmB. schlbagC. accuntD. nte
33. A. disturbedB. relievedC. excitedD. delighted
34. A. effrtsB. savingsC. talentD. energy
35. A. fdB. huseC. educatinD. marriage
36. A. criedB. runC. thughtD. wrked
37. A. casuallyB. ccasinallyC. repeatedlyD. secretly
38. A. fferedB. decidedC. wantedD. refused
39. A. aplgizedB. admittedC. cmplainedD. remembered
40. A. fatherB. sisterC. teacherD. friend
第二节(共10小题;每小题L5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Last Thursday, the 18th-century Rhde Island farmhuse that inspired the 2013 hrrr mvie The Cnjuring ___41___ (sell) t a Bstn huse develper, Jacqueline Nunez, fr $ 1. 525 millin. Nunez and Jennifer Heinzen, ___42___seller, jintly annunced the sale n Facebk.
Nunez plans t cntinue the business ___43___ (start) by Heinzen. Guests will be able t cntinue the nightly explratins there. Day-time turs will resume (恢复) sn.
“This purchase is persnal fr me,” Nunez tld The Bstn Glbe. “It’s arund my wn ___44___ (curius). Since I was a child, I ___45___ (be) in lve with hrrr mvies, like The Cnjuring. I lk frward t experiencing strange things in the huse.”
Hwever, ne f the cnditins in the cntract is ___46___ the new wner will nt live in the huse year-rund. “Because the energy is s pwerful,” Heinzen tld The Bstn Glbe later. “It is intended ___47___ (prtect) the buyer.”
The Cnjuring wasn’t filmed in the huse but was based n the ___48___ (experience) f a few families that lived there in the 1970s.
“I’m nt afraid ___49___ the huse,” she said. “I dn’t think the energy here is ___50___(harm). Things that will happen here may frighten me, but will nt hurt me.”
第三部分写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号( ),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
As we are spending mre and mre time nline, bth ur teachers r parents are increasingly wrried abut the pssibly side effects f the Internet.
But increased use f the Internet is nt necessarily gd r wrse. It becmes unhealthy nly when it starts replacing with such imprtant things as physical activities and aviding friends and families. If ur schls and families nly fcus the amunt f screen time, they’re cncentrating n the wrng things. What matters are hw we spend ur time nline. Actually, spending mre time nline may be beneficial fr them if we can use the Internet prperly. We can learn such things as search fr imprtant infrmatin and cmmunicating with different persns, wh are very imprtant life skills in the future.
第二节书面表达(满分25分)
52. 假定你是李华，你的朋友Tm来信说，近来他经常感到心烦易怒。请你给他回一封邮件，内容包括：
1.表示安慰；
2.提出建议。
注意：1.词数10左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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