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山东省济南市莱芜第一中学2022-2023学年高一上学期第二次核心素养测评英语试题含答案
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这是一份山东省济南市莱芜第一中学2022-2023学年高一上学期第二次核心素养测评英语试题含答案，共24页。
1725.山东省济南市莱芜第一中学2022-2023学年高一上学期第二次核心素养测评英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
第一部分、阅读理解
Virginia and Maryland are ready to welcome travelers this fall
Fresh air, more affordable prices and abundant fun are only a few of the pleasures and reasons to make plans for a vacation this fall. For those who like to learn something new, these locations are ready to welcome travelers from near and far. So, take some time to relax with the people you love at these incredible locations.
COLONIAL WILLIAMSBURG, VIRGINIA
As the largest living history museum in the country, it immerses visitors in authentic 18th-century experiences. Join strolling musicians for the Lighting of the Cressets on Duke of Gloucester Street, and don’t miss the ghost stories of haunted Williamsburg past and present! All the details you need are available at colonialwilliamsburg.org.
FREDERICK, MARYLAND
Enjoy a vast array of dining options or a tasting at one of more than 39 wineries. Bring back memories with boutique shopping on historic Main Street and dive into American history at nationally recognized historic sites and museums. Learn more about everything Frederick offers at visitfrederick.org.
HAGERSTOWN, MARYLAND
History buffs will be delighted with sights like Antietam National Battlefield. If getting outdoors is a priority, take in the views at five national parks and eight state parks, such as Maryland Heights or High Rock. You can hike, bike and paddle through your days. Fall festivals, corn mazes, and family fun workshops make this the season to visit! Learn more at visithagerstown.com.
KENT COUNTY, MARYLAND
Enjoy seasonal activities from leaf-peeping hikes to tranquil paddling adventures in the Chesapeake Bay. Home to five quaint towns, you’ll enjoy gourmet dining experiences, outdoor adventures, and arts activities. Seasonal events include the Chestertown Jazz Festival on September 9-10; Harry Potter Fest on October 14-15. Visit kentcounty.com/visitors for all the details.
1. Where is the text probably taken from?
A. An encyclopedia. B. A travel magazine. C. A science fiction. D. A research report.
2. What can people do in FREDERICK, MARYLAND?
A. Taste delicious wines. B. Enjoy seasonal activities.
C. Join in musical performance. D. Explore haunted Williamsburg.
3. Which place would you choose to visit if you are attracted to the culture in the 18th century?
A. Fredrick Maryland. B. Colonial Williamsburg.
C. Kent County Maryland. D. Hagerstown Maryland.
Freshman year of high school is a big transition(过渡) for any student.
Luckily, you’re not the only person going through this. and plenty of others have made the transition before you too.
One of the ways in which high school is different from middle school or junior high the most is the higher expectations. You’ll find that you’re expected to keep closer track of your own schedule and responsibilities with fewer people checking up on you. At the same time, your classes are likely to become more challenging, and you might be participating in new school activities as well.
Some students find it hard to keep up with everything at first, which is totally normal. One way to prepare in advance for these higher expectations is to make sure that you have organized schedules in place before you start high school.
Another important skill for meeting these higher expectations is building a strong support network. No matter how strong a student you are, at some point you will need some help. Keeping healthy relationships with your friends and teachers is a great way to make sure that you have people who are willing to help when you need them.
Try to get to know at least some of your teachers beyond your classroom communication. Be an active learner during class and stay after class to ask questions. Take advantage of email or class messaging systems. The better your teachers know you, the better prepared they’ll be to help when you need them.
It’s important for you to keep in mind as you start high school that no one is perfect. Transitions are hard for everyone, and starting high school is a big transition. These challenges provide a great chance to reinvent yourself.
4. In the author’s view, the biggest difference between high school and middle school is ________.
A. different relationships B. the higher expectations
C. high academic achievement D. the higher pressure
5. Which of the following suggestion is not mentioned in the text?
A. Careful schedules. B. Healthy relationships.
C. Using network information. D. Reinventing yourself.
6. Who is the article written for?
A. Students in junior school. B. Teachers in high school.
C. Students in senior one. D. Parents of high school students.
7. What is the best title for the text?
A. How to Meet Your Teacher’s High Expectations
B. How to Become an Active Learner in High School
C. What to Prepare to Keep up with Everything in High School
D. How to Get Through the Transition of Freshman Year of High School
For people suffering from depression, there’s an all-natural treatment they should use — getting more exercise. It could help fight depression, even if people have a genetic risk, new research shows.
For the study, researchers collected information from nearly 8,000 people and found those with related genes were more likely to have depression over the next two years after examining them. But that was less likely for people who were more active at the study’s start, even if they had a family history of depression. Higher levels of physical activity helped protect even those with the highest genetic risk of depression.
Both high-intensity(高强度) exercise and low-intensity activities were associated with a reduced risk of depression. Adding four hours of exercise a week could lower the risk of a new episode(一段经历) of depression by 17%, according to the study. “Our findings strongly suggest that, when it comes to depression, being physically active has the potential to remove the added risk of future episodes in individuals who are genetically risky,” said lead author Karmel Choi. “On average, about 35 additional minutes of physical activity each day may help people to reduce their risk and protect against future depression episodes.”
Depression is a common mental illness globally, with more than 264 million people affected. “Depression is so ubiquitous, and that underlines the need for effective approaches that can impact as many people as possible,” Choi said. And mental health and primary care providers can use the findings to advise patients that there’s something meaningful they can do to lower their risk of depression.
8. How did the researchers reach their conclusion?
A. By analyzing a mass of data.
B. By conducting genetic research.
C. By comparing various levels of activity.
D. By tracking the subjects for many years.
9. What does the study show about depression?
A. Physical activity betters medical treatment.
B. Exercise is able to decrease and prevent it.
C. Different levels of exercise intensity matter the same.
D. Exercising 35 minutes daily is the most effective treatment.
10. What does the underlined word “ubiquitous” in paragraph 4 mean?
A. Harmful. B. Complex.
C. Unusual. D. Common.
11. What is the purpose of the text?
A. To discuss a disease.
B. To introduce a method.
C. To analyze a genetic risk.
D. To explain a phenomenon.
The African penguin lives on St. Croix island off the east coast of South Africa. A new study has found that they are leaving their natural environment to escape noisy ship refueling(补给燃料) activities.
The African penguins once mainly raised babies on this island. But the population has dropped sharply since South Africa started permitting ships in the area to refuel at sea six years ago, the study found.
Lorien Pichegru is acting director of the Coastal and Marine Research Institute at Nelson Mandela University, which led the study. She said the organization had found that noise levels in the area had doubled since the refueling activities began. Scientists say high noise levels affect the ability of penguins to find and catch other animals for food. Noise also makes it more difficult for them to communicate with each other and map travel paths. “This year we are at 1,200 breeding pairs at St Croix from 8,500 pairs in 2016,” Pichegru said.
The study recently appeared in the publication Science of the Total Environment. The researchers said the study is the first to explore the effects of ocean traffic noise pollution on a seabird.
Nelson Mandela University’s study collected some data to estimate underwater noise from passing ships. Oil-covered penguins were found in 2019 in Algoa Bay after an oil spill from ship-to-ship refueling. Environmental groups have called for the activities to be banned in the bay.
Pichegru said penguins in the area were already struggling to survive because of a series of issues, including industrial fishing activities. She added that the refueling activities did not kill all the penguins. However, “It was just the thing that made the whole ecology tip over and then the penguins couldn’t cope with that,” she said.
12. What has the new study found about penguins?
A. They have difficulty in raising babies. B. They can get used to noisy ships easily.
C. Their population is on the increase. D. They are forced to leave the natural environment.
13. What is paragraph 3 mainly about?
A. The value of Lorien Pichegru’s job. B. The importance of ship refueling activities.
C. The ability of Penguins to find food. D. Bad effects of noises on Penguins.
14. What might Pichegru agree with?
A. The penguins should be put in control.
B. Fishing activities should be greatly encouraged.
C. Refueling activities should be strictly managed.
D. The penguins should develop their survival abilities.
15. Where is this text most likely from?
A. A diary. B. A guidebook. C. A textbook. D. A magazine.
二、七选五
What is the best sleep position for your health?
It’s difficult to control what sleeping position we naturally fall into, as our body will subconsciously fall into the most comfortable position for us. However, some positions are better for you than others and some could hold back your health and wellbeing. ____16____
If you sleep on your side
More than 60 per cent of people sleep on their side. Often our body naturally moves to this position, which is linked to when we were in the womb in the foetal(胎儿的) position. ____17____ It offers a number of benefits to your body, from promoting healthy spine alignment(脊椎对齐) which can help to prevent back pain to reducing heartburn and snoring(打鼾).
If you sleep on your back
Lying on your back is the second most popular sleeping position and offers just as many benefits as side sleeping. When you’re sleeping on your back, it’s easy to keep alignment and to also evenly distribute your weight. ____18____
If you sleep on your stomach
Sleeping on your stomach is the least common sleeping position. ____19____ And those who sleep on their stomach could put themselves at risk of a less restful night’s sleep. The stomach offers the least amount of back support and can increase pressure on the spine which may cause pain once you wake up.
____20____ You should consider various factors such as if you snore or suffer sleep problems, or if you often have back and neck pain. Side sleeping has been noted as the best position for the body, so this is probably one to try and get into the habit of trying, but again, it all depends on you.
A. This also helps to prevent any neck and back pain.
B. Sleeping on your side is probably the best position.
C. Side sleeping would be particularly beneficial for older people.
D. There are more negatives to this position compared to positives.
E. Determining the sleeping position for you is personal preference.
F. Here, this article reveals exactly how your sleep position is affecting your health.
G. This is mostly likely because it is one of the most comfortable sleeping positions.
三、完形填空
One day, my son Ryan said, “I’m going to keep working until everyone in Africa has clean water.” I thought, oh, boy! But I’d heard about encouraging children to be ___21___ and dream big dreams. So I didn’t want to say that he couldn’t make a ___22___.
At first, he planned to make money to build a ___23___ in Africa. But when he ___24___ his first $70 made by doing chores in neighborhood to a charity(慈善机构), he was told that it actually ___25___ $2,000 to build a well. It was a lot of money, but Ryan didn’t ___26___. He persuaded his classmates and neighbors to give money. And I wrote to the local newspaper to make his story go ___27___. After several months, Ryan had ___28___ the $2,000, with which a well was built near a primary school in Uganda. The children at the school ___29___ needed to walk for hours to get water. They were ____30____ to him and invited him to visit.
In Uganda, Ryan saw the well with his own eyes and hundreds of students who had turned out to ____31____ him. Seeing that he really had ____32____ these children, he broke into a ____33____ smile.
Now there is a Ryan’s Well Foundation. His dream has ____34____ the lives of so many people, though most of whom we will never meet. Ryan has shown me what the ____35____ of dreams can do.
21. A. free B. confident C. friendly D. curious
22. A. decision B. impression C. difference D. fortune
23. A. well B. house C. factory D. facility
24. A. lent B. paid C. gave D. showed
25. A. cost B. offered C. wasted D. acquired
26. A. carry on B. turn up C. go all out D. give up
27. A. public B. wrong C. ahead D. crazy
28. A. borrowed B. saved C. delivered D. raised
29. A. still B. even C. no longer D. always
30. A. kind B. thankful C. generous D. responsible
31. A. praise B. memorize C. contact D. welcome
32. A. helped B. improved C. troubled D. recognized
33. A. confusing B. calm C. joyful D. bitter
34. A. proved B. started C. reflected D. changed
35. A. habit B. power C. award D. challenge
语法填空
In order to limit damage to Egyptian architecture and prevent the loss of cultural relics, a committee ____36____ (establish). Different departments were expected to make their contributions to the protection of the cultural heritage. Great efforts have also been made by experts and scientists who put forward a proposal for ____37____ these buildings could be saved. After all parties came to ____38____ agreement, a document was signed and the work began in 1960.
语法填空
The Tibetan antelopes experienced a tough time during 1980s and 1990s. On one hand, their population has greatly decreased due to frequent hunting. On the other hand, their ____39____ (live) environment was shrinking under the construction of new roads and railways. In order to save this species from ____40____ (extinct), the Chinese government decided to put it under the national protection. Zhaxi, ____41____ is a villager as well as a volunteer in Changtang, kept a careful watch over these antelopes day and night. Moreover, bridges and gates were used for their free movement and safe environment.
语法填空
China is known for its ancient civilization which has continued all the way through into modern times, ____42____ many ups and downs in the history. One of the key factors has been the Chinese writing system which can date back to the use of longgu ____43____ symbols were carved. Nowadays, Chinese characters are of great importance not only because they serve as a communication tool, but also unite Chinese people and culture. ____44____ China plays a greater role in global affairs, an increasing number of international students are beginning ____45____ (appreciate) Chinese culture through this amazing language.
单词拼写
46. Mr. Yuan Longping received several international awards for his great c________ to the world’s agriculture.
47. Some animals have a remarkable ability to a________ to changing environments.
48. I’m Lily, a senior student from Shandong University, m________ in medicine.
49. Active measures taken by the government have greatly p________ the spread of the disease.
50. Faced with such an emergency, the policy will be put into action i________.
51. The soldier was badly wounded but he________ (挣扎，奋斗) to his feet.
52. The young lady gave the police a very detailed ________ (描述) of the robber.
53. In today’s society, you need to have ________ (特定的) skills to make a living.
54. They________ (原谅) him for his rudeness at the meeting yesterday.
55. It’s ________ (不合法的) to read other people’s private letters without permission.
书面表达
目前新冠病毒肆虐，很多人感染了新冠病毒。假设你是高中生李明，现得知你的美国笔友Jack最近对新冠病毒深感恐惧，他很焦虑不知如何应对。请你给他发一封email，指导他做好个人防护。
具体内容包括：1. 安慰；2. 具体建议（心理方面，日常防护……）
提示：感染 be infected with
字数：80词左右。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
###########################
参考答案：
1. B 2. A 3. B
这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了弗吉尼亚州和马里兰州几个供游客放松的地点及其相关信息。
1. 推理判断题。由标题“Virginia and Maryland are ready to welcome travelers this fall（弗吉尼亚州和马里兰州准备在今年秋天迎接游客）”，第一段“Fresh air, more affordable prices and abundant fun are only a few of the pleasures and reasons to make plans for a vacation this fall. For those who like to learn something new, these locations are ready to welcome travelers from near and far. So, take some time to relax with the people you love at these incredible locations.（新鲜的空气、更实惠的价格和丰富的乐趣只是计划今年秋天度假的几个乐趣和理由。对于那些喜欢学习新东西的人来说，这些地方已经准备好迎接远近游客。所以，在这些令人难以置信的地方，花点时间和你爱的人放松一下）”和下文几个地点可知，文章介绍了弗吉尼亚州和马里兰州几个供游客放松的地点，可得出文章可能取自旅游杂志。故B选项。
2. 细节理解题。由FREDERICK, MARYLAND中的“Enjoy a vast array of dining options or a tasting at one of more than 39 wineries.（您可以在超过39家葡萄酒庄中的一个酒庄享受丰富的餐饮选择或品尝）”可知，在FREDERICK，MARYLAND，人们可以品尝美味的葡萄酒。故选A项。
3. 细节理解题。由COLONIAL WILLIAMSBURG, VIRGINIA中的“As the largest living history museum in the country, it immerses visitors in authentic 18th-century experiences.（作为该国最大的活历史博物馆，它让游客沉浸在真实的18世纪体验中）”可知，如果你被18世纪的文化所吸引，你会选择去Colonial Williamsburg。故选B项。
4. B 5. D 6. C 7. D
本文是一篇说明文。文章阐述了高一时期对任何新生来说都是一个很大的转变，然后介绍了初中和高中的不同并对新的高中生活提出建议。文章旨在引导高一新生积极适应新环境，并且掌握正确有效的学习方法。
4. 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“One of the ways in which high school is different from middle school or junior high the most is the higher expectations.（高中与初中和初中最大的区别之一就是更高的期望）”可知，高中与初中最大的不同就是被给予的期望更高。故选B。
5. 细节理解题。根据文章第四段第二句中的“to make sure that you have organized schedules（以确保你有组织的时间表）”可知，高一新生需要有序地安排日程表，可排除A项；第五段第三句中的“Keeping healthy relationships with your friends and teachers（与你的朋友和老师保持健康的关系）”说明要和朋友、老师保持健康的关系，排除B项；由第六段第三句“Take advantage of email or class messaging systems.（利用电子邮件或课堂信息系统）”可知，学生可以利用电子邮件或课堂信息系统，排除C项。最后一段最后一句“provide a great chance to reinvent yourself（提供一个重塑自我的好机会）”可知，我们有机会重塑自己，与建议无关。故选D。
6. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“It’s important for you to keep in mind as you start high school that no one is perfect. Transitions are hard for everyone, and starting high school is a big transition. These challenges provide a great chance to reinvent yourself.（当你开始上高中时，重要的是要记住没有人是完美的。转变对每个人来说都很难，开始高中生活是一个巨大的转变。这些挑战提供了一个重塑自我的好机会）”可知，本文是写给刚刚开始上高中的高一学生的。故选C。
7. 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章第一段“Freshman year of high school is a big transition(过渡) for any student.（高中一年级对任何学生来说都是一个巨大的转变）”可知，高中一年级对任何学生来说都是一个巨大的转变，下文接着介绍了如何应对这一转变。由此可知，How to Get Through the Transition of Freshman Year of High School（如何度过高中一年级的过渡期）适合作本文最佳标题。故选D。
8. A 9. B 10. D 11. B
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项关于锻炼有助于减少和预防抑郁症的研究。
8. 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“For the study, researchers collected information from nearly 8,000 people and found those with related genes were more likely to have depression over the next two years after examining them.”（在这项研究中，研究人员收集了近8000人的信息，在对他们进行检查后发现，那些拥有相关基因的人在未来两年更有可能患上抑郁症。）可知，研究者们收集和研究了近8000人的信息。由此可推知，他们是通过分析大量资料来得出结论的。故选A项。
9. 细节理解题。根据第三段内容，尤其是“On average, about 35 additional minutes of physical activity each day may help people to reduce their risk and protect against future depression episodes.”（“平均来说，每天多做35分钟的体育锻炼可以帮助人们降低患抑郁症的风险，防止未来抑郁发作。”）可知，该研究表明体育锻炼可以帮助人们降低患抑郁症的风险并防止未来抑郁症的发作。故选B项。
10. 词义猜测题。根据划线词前提到抑郁症是一种常见的精神疾病，全球超过2.64亿人患抑郁症，再结合划线词后的“that underlines the need for effective approaches that can impact as many people as possible,”（这突显出需要有效的方法来影响尽可能多的人）可知，此处强调抑郁症的普遍性，划线词意思与common“常见的，普遍的”接近。故选D项。
11. 推理判断题。根据文章大意以及第一段的“For people suffering from depression, there’s an all-natural treatment they should use — getting more exercise.”（对于患有抑郁症的人来说，他们应该采用一种纯天然的治疗方法——多锻炼）可知，全文主要讲的是锻炼有助于减少和预防抑郁症的发生。由此可知，本文写作目的是介绍一种减少和预防抑郁症的策略。故选B项。
12. D 13. D 14. C 15. D
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是最近发表在《全环境科学》杂志上的一项新的研究发现为了逃避嘈杂的船舶加油活动，生活在南非东海岸附近的圣克罗伊岛的非洲企鹅正在离开它们的自然环境。
12. 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The African penguin lives on St. Croix island off the east coast of South Africa. A new study has found that they are leaving their natural environment to escape noisy ship refueling(补给燃料) activities.（这种非洲企鹅生活在南非东海岸的圣克罗伊岛。一项新的研究发现，他们正在离开他们的自然环境，以逃避嘈杂的船舶加油活动。）”可知研究发现为了躲避嘈杂的噪音，企鹅们被迫离开了它们的自然环境。故选D项。
13. 主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“She said the organization had found that noise levels in the area had doubled since the refueling activities began. Scientists say high noise levels affect the ability of penguins to find and catch other animals for food. Noise also makes it more difficult for them to communicate with each other and map travel paths.（她说，该组织发现，自加油活动开始以来，该地区的噪音水平翻了一番。科学家表示，高噪音水平会影响企鹅寻找和捕捉其他动物作为食物的能力。噪音也使它们之间的交流和绘制旅行路线变得更加困难。）”可知文章第三段主要讲的是噪音对于企鹅的不好影响。故选D项。
14. 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Pichegru said penguins in the area were already struggling to survive because of a series of issues, including industrial fishing activities. She added that the refueling activities did not kill all the penguins. However, ‘It was just the thing that made the whole ecology tip over and then the penguins couldn’t cope with that,’ she said.（Pichegru说，由于工业捕鱼活动等一系列问题，该地区的企鹅已经难以生存。她补充说，加油活动并没有杀死所有的企鹅。然而，‘这是一件让整个生态系统崩溃的事情，而企鹅无法应对，’她说。）”可以推断Pichegru认为嘈杂的船舶加油活动是一件最终会让企鹅的无法面对的事情，所以她应该赞同对这一类活动进行严格管理。故选C项。
15. 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“The study recently appeared in the publication Science of the Total Environment. The researchers said the study is the first to explore the effects of ocean traffic noise pollution on a seabird.（这项研究最近发表在《全环境科学》杂志上。研究人员表示，这项研究是首次探索海洋交通噪音污染对海鸟的影响。）”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讲的是一项新的研究发现为了逃避嘈杂的船舶加油活动，生活在南非东海岸附近的圣克罗伊岛的非洲企鹅正在离开它们的自然环境，所以文章最有可能出自一篇杂志。故选D项。
16. F 17. B 18. A 19. D 20. E
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了几种睡姿对人健康的影响。
16. 由下文小标题“If you sleep on your side（如果你侧卧着睡觉）”,“If you sleep on your back（如果你仰卧着睡觉）”和“If you sleep on your stomach（如果你趴着睡觉）”可知，后文作者就不同睡觉姿势进行了分析。而F项Here, this article reveals exactly how your sleep position is affecting your health.（在这里，这篇文章揭示了你的睡眠姿势是如何影响你的健康的。）符合语境，有启下作用，其中sleep position和下文小标题。故选F项。
17. 由下文“It offers a number of benefits to your body, from promoting healthy spine alignment(脊椎对齐) which can help to prevent back pain to reducing heartburn and snoring（打鼾）.（它给你的身体带来了很多好处，从促进健康的脊椎对齐，有助于防止背痛，到减少胃灼热和打鼾。）”可知，侧睡有很多好处，而B项Sleeping on your side is probably the best position.（侧卧可能是最好的姿势。）符合语境，其中Sleeping on your side与小标题If you sleep on your side对应，the best position和后文a number of benefits对应。故选B项。
18. 由上文“When you’re sleeping on your back, it’s easy to keep alignment and to also evenly distribute your weight.（当你仰卧着睡觉时，很容易保持身体匀称，也很容易均匀地分配体重。）”可知，这里讲仰卧着睡觉的一个好处，而A项This also helps to prevent any neck and back pain.（这也有助于防止任何颈部和背部疼痛。）符合语境，This代指前面sleeping on your back，also表明这里接着上面讲卧着睡觉的另一个好处，有承上作用。故选A项。
19. 由下文“And those who sleep on their stomach could put themselves at risk of a less restful night’s sleep.（而那些趴着睡觉的人可能会让自己晚上睡得不安稳。）”可知，这里讲趴着睡觉的坏处，而D项There are more negatives to this position compared to positives.（与积极因素相比，这一睡觉方式的消极因素更多。）符合语境，其中negatives和下文举例内容对应，有启下作用。故选D项。
20. 由后文“You should consider various factors such as if you snore or suffer sleep problems, or if you often have back and neck pain. Side sleeping has been noted as the best position for the body, so this is probably one to try and get into the habit of trying, but again, it all depends on you.（你应该考虑各种因素，比如你是否打鼾或有睡眠问题，或者你是否经常背部和颈部疼痛。侧睡被认为是对身体最好的姿势，所以这可能是一种尝试并养成尝试的习惯，但这一切都取决于你。）”可知，作者建议读者根据自身情况决定睡姿。而E项Determining the sleeping position for you is personal preference.（确定你的睡姿是个人喜好。）符合语境，其中Determining the sleeping position和后文it all depends on you对应。故选E项。
21. B 22. C 23. A 24. C 25. A 26. D 27. A 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. B
这是一篇记叙文。瑞恩有一个梦想，那就是要让非洲的孩子们喝上干净的水，而这在当初的我看来是不可能的，但瑞恩凭借着坚持不懈的努力最终梦想成真，这也让我见证了梦想的力量是多么伟大。
21. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我听说过鼓励孩子们要自信，要有远大的梦想。A. free免费的；B. confident自信的；C. friendly友好的；D. curious好奇的。根据空前的“But I’d heard about encouraging children to be”以及空后“and dream big dreams. So I didn’t want to say that he couldn’t make a ___2___.”可知，作者听说过要鼓励孩子自信且有远大梦想。故选B项。
22. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以我不想说他不会有所作为。A. decision决定；B. impression印象；C. difference影响；D. fortune命运。根据前文“I thought, oh, boy! But I’d heard about encouraging children to be ___1___ and dream big dreams. So I didn’t want to say that he couldn’t make a”可知，作者觉得儿子的梦想不现实，所以在作者看来儿子不会有所作为。make a difference意为“有影响，起作用”。故选C项。
23. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：起初，他打算赚钱在非洲打一口井。A. well井；B. house房子；C. factory工厂；D. facility设施。根据后文“he was told that it actually ___5___ $2,000 to build a well.”可知，Ryan打算赚钱打一口井。故选A项。
24. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，当他把在社区做杂务赚来的第一笔70美元捐给一个慈善机构时，他被告知打一口井实际上要花2000美元。A. lent借给；B. paid偿还；C. gave给；D. showed展示。根据后文“his first $70 made by doing chores in neighborhood to a charity(慈善机构), he was told that it actually ___5___ $2,000 to build a well.”可知，儿子把自己赚的70美元捐给了当地的慈善机构。故选C项。
25. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，当他把在社区做杂务赚来的第一笔70美元捐给一个慈善机构时，他被告知打一口井实际上要花2000美元。A. cost花费；B. offered提供；C. wasted浪费；D. acquired获得。根据空前“he was told that it actually”以空后“$2,000 to build a well. It was a lot of money,”可知，打一口井的费用是2000美元。故选A项。
26. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：这是一大笔钱，但瑞恩没有放弃。A. carry on继续；B. turn up出现；C. go all out全力以赴；D. give up放弃。根据后文“He persuaded his classmates and neighbors to give money.”可知，虽然被告知打一口井的费用是2000美元，但瑞恩没有放弃，而是继续劝服其他人来捐钱。故选D项。
27. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我给当地的报纸写信，想把他的故事公布于众。 A. public公共的；B. wrong错误的；C. ahead向前的；D. crazy疯狂的。根据空前“And I wrote to the local newspaper to make his story go”以及后文“After several months, Ryan had ___8___ the $2,000,”可知，作者希望通过媒体公开报道这件事来帮助他。go public意为“公开宣布”。故选A项。
28. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：几个月后，瑞恩筹到了2000美元，用这笔钱在乌干达的一所小学附近打了一口井。A. borrowed借；B. saved拯救；C. delivered递送；D. raised筹集。根据空前的“He persuaded his classmates and neighbors to give money. And I wrote to the local newspaper to make his story go ___7___. After several months, Ryan had”以及空后“the $2,000, with which a well was built near a primary school in Uganda.”可知，瑞恩筹集到了2000美元。故选D项。
29. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：学校里的孩子们不再需要走几个小时去取水。A. still依旧；B. even甚至；C. no longer不再；D. always总是。根据空前“After several months, Ryan had ___8___ the $2,000, with which a well was built near a primary school in Uganda. The children at the school”及空后“needed to walk for hours to get water.”可知，因为乌干达的一所小学附近有了一口井，所以孩子们不用再步行几个小时去取水。故选C项。
30. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们很感激他，并邀请他去参观。A. kind友好的；B. thankful感激的；C. generous慷慨的；D. responsible负责任的；有责任的。根据前文“After several months, Ryan had ___8___ the $2,000, with which a well was built near a primary school in Uganda. The children at the school ___9___ needed to walk for hours to get water.”可知因为瑞恩的努力乌干达的一所小学附近终于有了一口井，所以孩子们不用再步行几个小时去取水，可以推测孩子必定对他很感激。故选B项。
31. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在乌干达，瑞安亲眼看到了这口井，还有数百名学生出来欢迎他。A. praise表扬；B. memorize记住；C. contact联系；联络；D. welcome欢迎。根据前文“They were ___10___ to him and invited him to visit.”可知孩子们邀请瑞恩去参观这口井，所以孩子们一定会欢迎他的到来。故选D项。
32. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到自己真的帮助了这些孩子，他露出了愉快的微笑。A. helped帮助；B. improved提高；C. troubled麻烦；D. recognized识别；承认。根据前文“After several months, Ryan had ___8___ the $2,000, with which a well was built near a primary school in Uganda.”以及“In Uganda, Ryan saw the well with his own eyes”可知在瑞恩的努力下，当地孩子们终于有了一口井，所以瑞恩真的帮到了当地的孩子们。故选A项。
33. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：看到自己真的帮助了这些孩子，他露出了愉快的微笑。A. confusing困惑的；B. calm 镇静的；C. joyful开心的；D. bitter苦的。根据前文“Seeing that he really had ___12___ these children,”可知当瑞恩看到自己真的帮助了那些孩子的时候，他一定是开心的。故选C项。
34. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的梦想改变了很多人的生活，尽管他们中的大多数人我们永远也见不到。A. proved证明；B. started开始；C. reflected反映；D. changed改变。根据前文“Now there is a Ryan’s Well Foundation. His dream has”以及空后“the lives of so many people, though most of whom we will never meet. Ryan has shown me what the ___15___ of dreams can do.”可知，瑞恩的梦想让很多人的生活随之改变。故选D项。
35. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：瑞恩向我展示了梦想的力量。A. habit习惯；B. power力量；C. award奖章；D. challenge挑战。根据前文“Now there is a Ryan’s Well Foundation. His dream has ___14___ the lives of so many people, though most of whom we will never meet.”可知，瑞恩最初不被我看好的梦想最终改变了很多人的生活，而这是我最初没有意料到的，所以说瑞恩让我见证了梦想的力量。故选B。
36. was established 37. how 38. an
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍埃及为减少对建筑的破坏所作的努力。
36. 考查时态语态。句意：为了减少对埃及建筑的破坏，防止文物的流失，成立了一个委员会。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语动词。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。主语a committee与establish之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was established。
37. 考查名词性从句。句意：专家和科学家也做出了巨大的努力，提出了如何拯救这些建筑的建议。分析句子结构可知，本句为宾语从句。从句缺少方式状语，所以用连接副词how引导。故填how。
38. 考查冠词。句意：在各方达成协议后，签署了一份文件，并于1960年开始工作。come to an agreement达成协议。故填an。
39. living 40. extinction 41. who
这是一篇说明文。讲述了藏羚羊在20世纪80年代和90年代经历了一段艰难的时期。
1. 考查形容词。句意：另一方面，随着新公路和铁路的建设，他们的生活环境正在萎缩。分析可知，空处在句中为定语，修饰名词environment，应用形容词living，意为“居住的，生活的”，故填living。
2. 考查名词。句意：为了挽救这一物种免于灭绝，中国政府决定将其列入国家保护范围。介词后跟名词作宾语，空前from为介词，所以此处用名词extinction，故填extinction。
3. 考查定语从句。句意：扎西是羌塘的一名村民，也是一名志愿者，他日夜严密地监视着这些羚羊。分析句子可知，“________ is a villager as well as a volunteer in Changtang,”为非限制性定语从句，先行词为Zhaxi，指人，在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who，故填who。
42. despite 43. where 44. As 45. to appreciate
本文是说明文。文章介绍了中国的书写系统龙骨符号。
42. 考查介词。句意：中国以其古老的文明而闻名，它一直延续到现代，尽管在历史上经历了许多起伏。根据“continue all the way”和“many ups and downs in the history”可知，上下文有转折关系，尽管有起伏，但一直延续至今，用介词despite引导让步状语，意为“尽管”。故填despite。
43. 考查定语从句。句意：其中一个关键因素是中国的书写系统，它可以追溯到刻有符号的龙骨的使用。空格后是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词longgu，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，表示“在龙骨上”，用关系副词where引导定语从句。故填where。
44. 考查连词。句意：随着中国在全球事务中发挥越来越大的作用，越来越多的国际学生开始通过这门神奇的语言欣赏中国文化。根据“ an increasing number of international students are beginning ____4____ (appreciate) ”可知，越来越多国际学生欣赏中国文化，是随着中国在全球事务中作用越来越大，as引导时间状语从句，表示“随着”。故填As。
45. 考查非谓语动词。句意：随着中国在全球事务中发挥越来越大的作用，越来越多的国际学生开始通过这门神奇的语言欣赏中国文化。“开始做某事”begin to do，用动词不定式作宾语。故填to appreciate。
46. contributions/ontributions/contribution/ontribution
考查名词。句意：袁隆平先生因对世界农业的巨大贡献而获得多项国际奖项。结合句意和首字母提示可知，应使用名词contribution作宾语，意为“贡献”，可数名词，句中可理解为单数，也可理解为复数。故填contributions或contribution。
47. adapt/dapt
考查动词。句意：有些动物具有非凡的适应环境变化的能力。adapt to doing sth.适应做某事。名词ability后接不定式作定语，所以to后接动词原形。根据首字母提示及句意，故填adapt。
48. majoring/ajoring
考查非谓语动词。句意：我叫莉莉，山东大学大四学生，我主修医学专业。分析句子结构和意思可知，空格处需要表示“主修”对应的动词major的现在分词形式，表示主动和正在进行的动作，是主语I主动发出的动作，作状语。故填majoring。
49. prevented/revented
考查动词时态。句意：政府采取的积极措施极大地阻止了疾病的传播。由“Active measures taken by the government”和“the spread of the disease”可知，句子表示“政府采取的积极措施极大地阻止了疾病的传播”，空格处意为“阻止”，由首字母提示p可知，是prevent，由have可知，句子时态是现在完成时，空格处填过去分词，故填prevented。
50. immediately/mmediately
考查副词。句意：面对这样的紧急情况，这项政策将立即付诸实施。根据句意和首字母提示可知，应使用副词immediately“立即，马上”作状语，修饰动词短语put into action。故填immediately。
51. struggled
考查动词时态。句意：那个士兵受了重伤，但他挣扎着站了起来。“挣扎，奋斗”是struggle，由was可知，句子时态用一般过去时，空格处用过去式，故填struggled。
52. description/account
考查名词。句意：这位女士向警察详细地描述了强盗。由a detailed修饰，应用名词单数。根据汉语提示，故填description/account。
53. specific
考查形容词。在当今社会，你需要有特定的技能才能谋生。根据汉语提示“特定的”，结合句子结构可知，空处填形容词specific作skills的前置定语。故填specific。
54. forgave
考查动词和时态。句意：他们原谅他昨天在会上的无礼。动词forgive“原谅”，空处在句中为谓语，结合句中时间状语yesterday可知，空处的时态为一般过去时。所以用过去式forgave，故填forgave。
55. illegal
考查形容词。句意：未经允许看别人的私人信件是违法的。根据汉语提示可知，illegal不合法的，形容词作表语，符合题意。故填illegal。
Dear Jack,
Thanks for your email. Recently, many people have been infected with Covid-19, causing great panic. But you needn’t be too concerned about it and I’d like to give you some practical suggestions, which will surely help you a lot.
Firstly, what I want to stress most is that you should keep calm and positive. As we all know, keeping a good mind state is the most important to defeat the virus. Secondly, better self-protection is needed. For example, you’d better wear N95 masks, avoid gathering, wash hands more and prepare some medicine in advance. In addition, eating more fruits and vegetables and drinking more water can’t be forgotten. Of course, proper amount of exercise is necessary to improve our immune system.
Do follow my advice, protect yourself wisely and everything will be Ok.
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求写邮件告知笔友Jack在疫情期间如何防护。
1. 词汇积累
引起：cause→lead to
担忧：be concerned about→be worried about
强调：stress→emphasize
此外：in addition→what’s more
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Proper amount of exercise is necessary to improve our immune system.
拓展句：Proper amount of exercise is necessary, which can improve our immune system.
高分句型1：I’d like to give you some practical suggestions, which will surely help you a lot.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
高分句型2：Firstly, what I want to stress most is that you should keep calm and positive.（运用了what引导的主语从句和that引导的表语从句）
1725.山东省济南市莱芜第一中学2022-2023学年高一上学期第二次核心素养测评英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
第一部分、阅读理解
Virginia and Maryland are ready to welcome travelers this fall
Fresh air, more affordable prices and abundant fun are only a few of the pleasures and reasons to make plans for a vacation this fall. For those who like to learn something new, these locations are ready to welcome travelers from near and far. So, take some time to relax with the people you love at these incredible locations.
COLONIAL WILLIAMSBURG, VIRGINIA
As the largest living history museum in the country, it immerses visitors in authentic 18th-century experiences. Join strolling musicians for the Lighting of the Cressets on Duke of Gloucester Street, and don’t miss the ghost stories of haunted Williamsburg past and present! All the details you need are available at colonialwilliamsburg.org.
FREDERICK, MARYLAND
Enjoy a vast array of dining options or a tasting at one of more than 39 wineries. Bring back memories with boutique shopping on historic Main Street and dive into American history at nationally recognized historic sites and museums. Learn more about everything Frederick offers at visitfrederick.org.
HAGERSTOWN, MARYLAND
History buffs will be delighted with sights like Antietam National Battlefield. If getting outdoors is a priority, take in the views at five national parks and eight state parks, such as Maryland Heights or High Rock. You can hike, bike and paddle through your days. Fall festivals, corn mazes, and family fun workshops make this the season to visit! Learn more at visithagerstown.com.
KENT COUNTY, MARYLAND
Enjoy seasonal activities from leaf-peeping hikes to tranquil paddling adventures in the Chesapeake Bay. Home to five quaint towns, you’ll enjoy gourmet dining experiences, outdoor adventures, and arts activities. Seasonal events include the Chestertown Jazz Festival on September 9-10; Harry Potter Fest on October 14-15. Visit kentcounty.com/visitors for all the details.
1. Where is the text probably taken from?
A. An encyclopedia. B. A travel magazine. C. A science fiction. D. A research report.
2. What can people do in FREDERICK, MARYLAND?
A. Taste delicious wines. B. Enjoy seasonal activities.
C. Join in musical performance. D. Explore haunted Williamsburg.
3. Which place would you choose to visit if you are attracted to the culture in the 18th century?
A. Fredrick Maryland. B. Colonial Williamsburg.
C. Kent County Maryland. D. Hagerstown Maryland.
Freshman year of high school is a big transition(过渡) for any student.
Luckily, you’re not the only person going through this. and plenty of others have made the transition before you too.
One of the ways in which high school is different from middle school or junior high the most is the higher expectations. You’ll find that you’re expected to keep closer track of your own schedule and responsibilities with fewer people checking up on you. At the same time, your classes are likely to become more challenging, and you might be participating in new school activities as well.
Some students find it hard to keep up with everything at first, which is totally normal. One way to prepare in advance for these higher expectations is to make sure that you have organized schedules in place before you start high school.
Another important skill for meeting these higher expectations is building a strong support network. No matter how strong a student you are, at some point you will need some help. Keeping healthy relationships with your friends and teachers is a great way to make sure that you have people who are willing to help when you need them.
Try to get to know at least some of your teachers beyond your classroom communication. Be an active learner during class and stay after class to ask questions. Take advantage of email or class messaging systems. The better your teachers know you, the better prepared they’ll be to help when you need them.
It’s important for you to keep in mind as you start high school that no one is perfect. Transitions are hard for everyone, and starting high school is a big transition. These challenges provide a great chance to reinvent yourself.
4. In the author’s view, the biggest difference between high school and middle school is ________.
A. different relationships B. the higher expectations
C. high academic achievement D. the higher pressure
5. Which of the following suggestion is not mentioned in the text?
A. Careful schedules. B. Healthy relationships.
C. Using network information. D. Reinventing yourself.
6. Who is the article written for?
A. Students in junior school. B. Teachers in high school.
C. Students in senior one. D. Parents of high school students.
7. What is the best title for the text?
A. How to Meet Your Teacher’s High Expectations
B. How to Become an Active Learner in High School
C. What to Prepare to Keep up with Everything in High School
D. How to Get Through the Transition of Freshman Year of High School
For people suffering from depression, there’s an all-natural treatment they should use — getting more exercise. It could help fight depression, even if people have a genetic risk, new research shows.
For the study, researchers collected information from nearly 8,000 people and found those with related genes were more likely to have depression over the next two years after examining them. But that was less likely for people who were more active at the study’s start, even if they had a family history of depression. Higher levels of physical activity helped protect even those with the highest genetic risk of depression.
Both high-intensity(高强度) exercise and low-intensity activities were associated with a reduced risk of depression. Adding four hours of exercise a week could lower the risk of a new episode(一段经历) of depression by 17%, according to the study. “Our findings strongly suggest that, when it comes to depression, being physically active has the potential to remove the added risk of future episodes in individuals who are genetically risky,” said lead author Karmel Choi. “On average, about 35 additional minutes of physical activity each day may help people to reduce their risk and protect against future depression episodes.”
Depression is a common mental illness globally, with more than 264 million people affected. “Depression is so ubiquitous, and that underlines the need for effective approaches that can impact as many people as possible,” Choi said. And mental health and primary care providers can use the findings to advise patients that there’s something meaningful they can do to lower their risk of depression.
8. How did the researchers reach their conclusion?
A. By analyzing a mass of data.
B. By conducting genetic research.
C. By comparing various levels of activity.
D. By tracking the subjects for many years.
9. What does the study show about depression?
A. Physical activity betters medical treatment.
B. Exercise is able to decrease and prevent it.
C. Different levels of exercise intensity matter the same.
D. Exercising 35 minutes daily is the most effective treatment.
10. What does the underlined word “ubiquitous” in paragraph 4 mean?
A. Harmful. B. Complex.
C. Unusual. D. Common.
11. What is the purpose of the text?
A. To discuss a disease.
B. To introduce a method.
C. To analyze a genetic risk.
D. To explain a phenomenon.
The African penguin lives on St. Croix island off the east coast of South Africa. A new study has found that they are leaving their natural environment to escape noisy ship refueling(补给燃料) activities.
The African penguins once mainly raised babies on this island. But the population has dropped sharply since South Africa started permitting ships in the area to refuel at sea six years ago, the study found.
Lorien Pichegru is acting director of the Coastal and Marine Research Institute at Nelson Mandela University, which led the study. She said the organization had found that noise levels in the area had doubled since the refueling activities began. Scientists say high noise levels affect the ability of penguins to find and catch other animals for food. Noise also makes it more difficult for them to communicate with each other and map travel paths. “This year we are at 1,200 breeding pairs at St Croix from 8,500 pairs in 2016,” Pichegru said.
The study recently appeared in the publication Science of the Total Environment. The researchers said the study is the first to explore the effects of ocean traffic noise pollution on a seabird.
Nelson Mandela University’s study collected some data to estimate underwater noise from passing ships. Oil-covered penguins were found in 2019 in Algoa Bay after an oil spill from ship-to-ship refueling. Environmental groups have called for the activities to be banned in the bay.
Pichegru said penguins in the area were already struggling to survive because of a series of issues, including industrial fishing activities. She added that the refueling activities did not kill all the penguins. However, “It was just the thing that made the whole ecology tip over and then the penguins couldn’t cope with that,” she said.
12. What has the new study found about penguins?
A. They have difficulty in raising babies. B. They can get used to noisy ships easily.
C. Their population is on the increase. D. They are forced to leave the natural environment.
13. What is paragraph 3 mainly about?
A. The value of Lorien Pichegru’s job. B. The importance of ship refueling activities.
C. The ability of Penguins to find food. D. Bad effects of noises on Penguins.
14. What might Pichegru agree with?
A. The penguins should be put in control.
B. Fishing activities should be greatly encouraged.
C. Refueling activities should be strictly managed.
D. The penguins should develop their survival abilities.
15. Where is this text most likely from?
A. A diary. B. A guidebook. C. A textbook. D. A magazine.
二、七选五
What is the best sleep position for your health?
It’s difficult to control what sleeping position we naturally fall into, as our body will subconsciously fall into the most comfortable position for us. However, some positions are better for you than others and some could hold back your health and wellbeing. ____16____
If you sleep on your side
More than 60 per cent of people sleep on their side. Often our body naturally moves to this position, which is linked to when we were in the womb in the foetal(胎儿的) position. ____17____ It offers a number of benefits to your body, from promoting healthy spine alignment(脊椎对齐) which can help to prevent back pain to reducing heartburn and snoring(打鼾).
If you sleep on your back
Lying on your back is the second most popular sleeping position and offers just as many benefits as side sleeping. When you’re sleeping on your back, it’s easy to keep alignment and to also evenly distribute your weight. ____18____
If you sleep on your stomach
Sleeping on your stomach is the least common sleeping position. ____19____ And those who sleep on their stomach could put themselves at risk of a less restful night’s sleep. The stomach offers the least amount of back support and can increase pressure on the spine which may cause pain once you wake up.
____20____ You should consider various factors such as if you snore or suffer sleep problems, or if you often have back and neck pain. Side sleeping has been noted as the best position for the body, so this is probably one to try and get into the habit of trying, but again, it all depends on you.
A. This also helps to prevent any neck and back pain.
B. Sleeping on your side is probably the best position.
C. Side sleeping would be particularly beneficial for older people.
D. There are more negatives to this position compared to positives.
E. Determining the sleeping position for you is personal preference.
F. Here, this article reveals exactly how your sleep position is affecting your health.
G. This is mostly likely because it is one of the most comfortable sleeping positions.
三、完形填空
One day, my son Ryan said, “I’m going to keep working until everyone in Africa has clean water.” I thought, oh, boy! But I’d heard about encouraging children to be ___21___ and dream big dreams. So I didn’t want to say that he couldn’t make a ___22___.
At first, he planned to make money to build a ___23___ in Africa. But when he ___24___ his first $70 made by doing chores in neighborhood to a charity(慈善机构), he was told that it actually ___25___ $2,000 to build a well. It was a lot of money, but Ryan didn’t ___26___. He persuaded his classmates and neighbors to give money. And I wrote to the local newspaper to make his story go ___27___. After several months, Ryan had ___28___ the $2,000, with which a well was built near a primary school in Uganda. The children at the school ___29___ needed to walk for hours to get water. They were ____30____ to him and invited him to visit.
In Uganda, Ryan saw the well with his own eyes and hundreds of students who had turned out to ____31____ him. Seeing that he really had ____32____ these children, he broke into a ____33____ smile.
Now there is a Ryan’s Well Foundation. His dream has ____34____ the lives of so many people, though most of whom we will never meet. Ryan has shown me what the ____35____ of dreams can do.
21. A. free B. confident C. friendly D. curious
22. A. decision B. impression C. difference D. fortune
23. A. well B. house C. factory D. facility
24. A. lent B. paid C. gave D. showed
25. A. cost B. offered C. wasted D. acquired
26. A. carry on B. turn up C. go all out D. give up
27. A. public B. wrong C. ahead D. crazy
28. A. borrowed B. saved C. delivered D. raised
29. A. still B. even C. no longer D. always
30. A. kind B. thankful C. generous D. responsible
31. A. praise B. memorize C. contact D. welcome
32. A. helped B. improved C. troubled D. recognized
33. A. confusing B. calm C. joyful D. bitter
34. A. proved B. started C. reflected D. changed
35. A. habit B. power C. award D. challenge
语法填空
In order to limit damage to Egyptian architecture and prevent the loss of cultural relics, a committee ____36____ (establish). Different departments were expected to make their contributions to the protection of the cultural heritage. Great efforts have also been made by experts and scientists who put forward a proposal for ____37____ these buildings could be saved. After all parties came to ____38____ agreement, a document was signed and the work began in 1960.
语法填空
The Tibetan antelopes experienced a tough time during 1980s and 1990s. On one hand, their population has greatly decreased due to frequent hunting. On the other hand, their ____39____ (live) environment was shrinking under the construction of new roads and railways. In order to save this species from ____40____ (extinct), the Chinese government decided to put it under the national protection. Zhaxi, ____41____ is a villager as well as a volunteer in Changtang, kept a careful watch over these antelopes day and night. Moreover, bridges and gates were used for their free movement and safe environment.
语法填空
China is known for its ancient civilization which has continued all the way through into modern times, ____42____ many ups and downs in the history. One of the key factors has been the Chinese writing system which can date back to the use of longgu ____43____ symbols were carved. Nowadays, Chinese characters are of great importance not only because they serve as a communication tool, but also unite Chinese people and culture. ____44____ China plays a greater role in global affairs, an increasing number of international students are beginning ____45____ (appreciate) Chinese culture through this amazing language.
单词拼写
46. Mr. Yuan Longping received several international awards for his great c________ to the world’s agriculture.
47. Some animals have a remarkable ability to a________ to changing environments.
48. I’m Lily, a senior student from Shandong University, m________ in medicine.
49. Active measures taken by the government have greatly p________ the spread of the disease.
50. Faced with such an emergency, the policy will be put into action i________.
51. The soldier was badly wounded but he________ (挣扎，奋斗) to his feet.
52. The young lady gave the police a very detailed ________ (描述) of the robber.
53. In today’s society, you need to have ________ (特定的) skills to make a living.
54. They________ (原谅) him for his rudeness at the meeting yesterday.
55. It’s ________ (不合法的) to read other people’s private letters without permission.
书面表达
目前新冠病毒肆虐，很多人感染了新冠病毒。假设你是高中生李明，现得知你的美国笔友Jack最近对新冠病毒深感恐惧，他很焦虑不知如何应对。请你给他发一封email，指导他做好个人防护。
具体内容包括：1. 安慰；2. 具体建议（心理方面，日常防护……）
提示：感染 be infected with
字数：80词左右。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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参考答案：
1. B 2. A 3. B
这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了弗吉尼亚州和马里兰州几个供游客放松的地点及其相关信息。
1. 推理判断题。由标题“Virginia and Maryland are ready to welcome travelers this fall（弗吉尼亚州和马里兰州准备在今年秋天迎接游客）”，第一段“Fresh air, more affordable prices and abundant fun are only a few of the pleasures and reasons to make plans for a vacation this fall. For those who like to learn something new, these locations are ready to welcome travelers from near and far. So, take some time to relax with the people you love at these incredible locations.（新鲜的空气、更实惠的价格和丰富的乐趣只是计划今年秋天度假的几个乐趣和理由。对于那些喜欢学习新东西的人来说，这些地方已经准备好迎接远近游客。所以，在这些令人难以置信的地方，花点时间和你爱的人放松一下）”和下文几个地点可知，文章介绍了弗吉尼亚州和马里兰州几个供游客放松的地点，可得出文章可能取自旅游杂志。故B选项。
2. 细节理解题。由FREDERICK, MARYLAND中的“Enjoy a vast array of dining options or a tasting at one of more than 39 wineries.（您可以在超过39家葡萄酒庄中的一个酒庄享受丰富的餐饮选择或品尝）”可知，在FREDERICK，MARYLAND，人们可以品尝美味的葡萄酒。故选A项。
3. 细节理解题。由COLONIAL WILLIAMSBURG, VIRGINIA中的“As the largest living history museum in the country, it immerses visitors in authentic 18th-century experiences.（作为该国最大的活历史博物馆，它让游客沉浸在真实的18世纪体验中）”可知，如果你被18世纪的文化所吸引，你会选择去Colonial Williamsburg。故选B项。
4. B 5. D 6. C 7. D
本文是一篇说明文。文章阐述了高一时期对任何新生来说都是一个很大的转变，然后介绍了初中和高中的不同并对新的高中生活提出建议。文章旨在引导高一新生积极适应新环境，并且掌握正确有效的学习方法。
4. 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“One of the ways in which high school is different from middle school or junior high the most is the higher expectations.（高中与初中和初中最大的区别之一就是更高的期望）”可知，高中与初中最大的不同就是被给予的期望更高。故选B。
5. 细节理解题。根据文章第四段第二句中的“to make sure that you have organized schedules（以确保你有组织的时间表）”可知，高一新生需要有序地安排日程表，可排除A项；第五段第三句中的“Keeping healthy relationships with your friends and teachers（与你的朋友和老师保持健康的关系）”说明要和朋友、老师保持健康的关系，排除B项；由第六段第三句“Take advantage of email or class messaging systems.（利用电子邮件或课堂信息系统）”可知，学生可以利用电子邮件或课堂信息系统，排除C项。最后一段最后一句“provide a great chance to reinvent yourself（提供一个重塑自我的好机会）”可知，我们有机会重塑自己，与建议无关。故选D。
6. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“It’s important for you to keep in mind as you start high school that no one is perfect. Transitions are hard for everyone, and starting high school is a big transition. These challenges provide a great chance to reinvent yourself.（当你开始上高中时，重要的是要记住没有人是完美的。转变对每个人来说都很难，开始高中生活是一个巨大的转变。这些挑战提供了一个重塑自我的好机会）”可知，本文是写给刚刚开始上高中的高一学生的。故选C。
7. 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章第一段“Freshman year of high school is a big transition(过渡) for any student.（高中一年级对任何学生来说都是一个巨大的转变）”可知，高中一年级对任何学生来说都是一个巨大的转变，下文接着介绍了如何应对这一转变。由此可知，How to Get Through the Transition of Freshman Year of High School（如何度过高中一年级的过渡期）适合作本文最佳标题。故选D。
8. A 9. B 10. D 11. B
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项关于锻炼有助于减少和预防抑郁症的研究。
8. 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“For the study, researchers collected information from nearly 8,000 people and found those with related genes were more likely to have depression over the next two years after examining them.”（在这项研究中，研究人员收集了近8000人的信息，在对他们进行检查后发现，那些拥有相关基因的人在未来两年更有可能患上抑郁症。）可知，研究者们收集和研究了近8000人的信息。由此可推知，他们是通过分析大量资料来得出结论的。故选A项。
9. 细节理解题。根据第三段内容，尤其是“On average, about 35 additional minutes of physical activity each day may help people to reduce their risk and protect against future depression episodes.”（“平均来说，每天多做35分钟的体育锻炼可以帮助人们降低患抑郁症的风险，防止未来抑郁发作。”）可知，该研究表明体育锻炼可以帮助人们降低患抑郁症的风险并防止未来抑郁症的发作。故选B项。
10. 词义猜测题。根据划线词前提到抑郁症是一种常见的精神疾病，全球超过2.64亿人患抑郁症，再结合划线词后的“that underlines the need for effective approaches that can impact as many people as possible,”（这突显出需要有效的方法来影响尽可能多的人）可知，此处强调抑郁症的普遍性，划线词意思与common“常见的，普遍的”接近。故选D项。
11. 推理判断题。根据文章大意以及第一段的“For people suffering from depression, there’s an all-natural treatment they should use — getting more exercise.”（对于患有抑郁症的人来说，他们应该采用一种纯天然的治疗方法——多锻炼）可知，全文主要讲的是锻炼有助于减少和预防抑郁症的发生。由此可知，本文写作目的是介绍一种减少和预防抑郁症的策略。故选B项。
12. D 13. D 14. C 15. D
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是最近发表在《全环境科学》杂志上的一项新的研究发现为了逃避嘈杂的船舶加油活动，生活在南非东海岸附近的圣克罗伊岛的非洲企鹅正在离开它们的自然环境。
12. 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The African penguin lives on St. Croix island off the east coast of South Africa. A new study has found that they are leaving their natural environment to escape noisy ship refueling(补给燃料) activities.（这种非洲企鹅生活在南非东海岸的圣克罗伊岛。一项新的研究发现，他们正在离开他们的自然环境，以逃避嘈杂的船舶加油活动。）”可知研究发现为了躲避嘈杂的噪音，企鹅们被迫离开了它们的自然环境。故选D项。
13. 主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“She said the organization had found that noise levels in the area had doubled since the refueling activities began. Scientists say high noise levels affect the ability of penguins to find and catch other animals for food. Noise also makes it more difficult for them to communicate with each other and map travel paths.（她说，该组织发现，自加油活动开始以来，该地区的噪音水平翻了一番。科学家表示，高噪音水平会影响企鹅寻找和捕捉其他动物作为食物的能力。噪音也使它们之间的交流和绘制旅行路线变得更加困难。）”可知文章第三段主要讲的是噪音对于企鹅的不好影响。故选D项。
14. 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Pichegru said penguins in the area were already struggling to survive because of a series of issues, including industrial fishing activities. She added that the refueling activities did not kill all the penguins. However, ‘It was just the thing that made the whole ecology tip over and then the penguins couldn’t cope with that,’ she said.（Pichegru说，由于工业捕鱼活动等一系列问题，该地区的企鹅已经难以生存。她补充说，加油活动并没有杀死所有的企鹅。然而，‘这是一件让整个生态系统崩溃的事情，而企鹅无法应对，’她说。）”可以推断Pichegru认为嘈杂的船舶加油活动是一件最终会让企鹅的无法面对的事情，所以她应该赞同对这一类活动进行严格管理。故选C项。
15. 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“The study recently appeared in the publication Science of the Total Environment. The researchers said the study is the first to explore the effects of ocean traffic noise pollution on a seabird.（这项研究最近发表在《全环境科学》杂志上。研究人员表示，这项研究是首次探索海洋交通噪音污染对海鸟的影响。）”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讲的是一项新的研究发现为了逃避嘈杂的船舶加油活动，生活在南非东海岸附近的圣克罗伊岛的非洲企鹅正在离开它们的自然环境，所以文章最有可能出自一篇杂志。故选D项。
16. F 17. B 18. A 19. D 20. E
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了几种睡姿对人健康的影响。
16. 由下文小标题“If you sleep on your side（如果你侧卧着睡觉）”,“If you sleep on your back（如果你仰卧着睡觉）”和“If you sleep on your stomach（如果你趴着睡觉）”可知，后文作者就不同睡觉姿势进行了分析。而F项Here, this article reveals exactly how your sleep position is affecting your health.（在这里，这篇文章揭示了你的睡眠姿势是如何影响你的健康的。）符合语境，有启下作用，其中sleep position和下文小标题。故选F项。
17. 由下文“It offers a number of benefits to your body, from promoting healthy spine alignment(脊椎对齐) which can help to prevent back pain to reducing heartburn and snoring（打鼾）.（它给你的身体带来了很多好处，从促进健康的脊椎对齐，有助于防止背痛，到减少胃灼热和打鼾。）”可知，侧睡有很多好处，而B项Sleeping on your side is probably the best position.（侧卧可能是最好的姿势。）符合语境，其中Sleeping on your side与小标题If you sleep on your side对应，the best position和后文a number of benefits对应。故选B项。
18. 由上文“When you’re sleeping on your back, it’s easy to keep alignment and to also evenly distribute your weight.（当你仰卧着睡觉时，很容易保持身体匀称，也很容易均匀地分配体重。）”可知，这里讲仰卧着睡觉的一个好处，而A项This also helps to prevent any neck and back pain.（这也有助于防止任何颈部和背部疼痛。）符合语境，This代指前面sleeping on your back，also表明这里接着上面讲卧着睡觉的另一个好处，有承上作用。故选A项。
19. 由下文“And those who sleep on their stomach could put themselves at risk of a less restful night’s sleep.（而那些趴着睡觉的人可能会让自己晚上睡得不安稳。）”可知，这里讲趴着睡觉的坏处，而D项There are more negatives to this position compared to positives.（与积极因素相比，这一睡觉方式的消极因素更多。）符合语境，其中negatives和下文举例内容对应，有启下作用。故选D项。
20. 由后文“You should consider various factors such as if you snore or suffer sleep problems, or if you often have back and neck pain. Side sleeping has been noted as the best position for the body, so this is probably one to try and get into the habit of trying, but again, it all depends on you.（你应该考虑各种因素，比如你是否打鼾或有睡眠问题，或者你是否经常背部和颈部疼痛。侧睡被认为是对身体最好的姿势，所以这可能是一种尝试并养成尝试的习惯，但这一切都取决于你。）”可知，作者建议读者根据自身情况决定睡姿。而E项Determining the sleeping position for you is personal preference.（确定你的睡姿是个人喜好。）符合语境，其中Determining the sleeping position和后文it all depends on you对应。故选E项。
21. B 22. C 23. A 24. C 25. A 26. D 27. A 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. B
这是一篇记叙文。瑞恩有一个梦想，那就是要让非洲的孩子们喝上干净的水，而这在当初的我看来是不可能的，但瑞恩凭借着坚持不懈的努力最终梦想成真，这也让我见证了梦想的力量是多么伟大。
21. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我听说过鼓励孩子们要自信，要有远大的梦想。A. free免费的；B. confident自信的；C. friendly友好的；D. curious好奇的。根据空前的“But I’d heard about encouraging children to be”以及空后“and dream big dreams. So I didn’t want to say that he couldn’t make a ___2___.”可知，作者听说过要鼓励孩子自信且有远大梦想。故选B项。
22. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以我不想说他不会有所作为。A. decision决定；B. impression印象；C. difference影响；D. fortune命运。根据前文“I thought, oh, boy! But I’d heard about encouraging children to be ___1___ and dream big dreams. So I didn’t want to say that he couldn’t make a”可知，作者觉得儿子的梦想不现实，所以在作者看来儿子不会有所作为。make a difference意为“有影响，起作用”。故选C项。
23. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：起初，他打算赚钱在非洲打一口井。A. well井；B. house房子；C. factory工厂；D. facility设施。根据后文“he was told that it actually ___5___ $2,000 to build a well.”可知，Ryan打算赚钱打一口井。故选A项。
24. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，当他把在社区做杂务赚来的第一笔70美元捐给一个慈善机构时，他被告知打一口井实际上要花2000美元。A. lent借给；B. paid偿还；C. gave给；D. showed展示。根据后文“his first $70 made by doing chores in neighborhood to a charity(慈善机构), he was told that it actually ___5___ $2,000 to build a well.”可知，儿子把自己赚的70美元捐给了当地的慈善机构。故选C项。
25. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，当他把在社区做杂务赚来的第一笔70美元捐给一个慈善机构时，他被告知打一口井实际上要花2000美元。A. cost花费；B. offered提供；C. wasted浪费；D. acquired获得。根据空前“he was told that it actually”以空后“$2,000 to build a well. It was a lot of money,”可知，打一口井的费用是2000美元。故选A项。
26. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：这是一大笔钱，但瑞恩没有放弃。A. carry on继续；B. turn up出现；C. go all out全力以赴；D. give up放弃。根据后文“He persuaded his classmates and neighbors to give money.”可知，虽然被告知打一口井的费用是2000美元，但瑞恩没有放弃，而是继续劝服其他人来捐钱。故选D项。
27. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我给当地的报纸写信，想把他的故事公布于众。 A. public公共的；B. wrong错误的；C. ahead向前的；D. crazy疯狂的。根据空前“And I wrote to the local newspaper to make his story go”以及后文“After several months, Ryan had ___8___ the $2,000,”可知，作者希望通过媒体公开报道这件事来帮助他。go public意为“公开宣布”。故选A项。
28. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：几个月后，瑞恩筹到了2000美元，用这笔钱在乌干达的一所小学附近打了一口井。A. borrowed借；B. saved拯救；C. delivered递送；D. raised筹集。根据空前的“He persuaded his classmates and neighbors to give money. And I wrote to the local newspaper to make his story go ___7___. After several months, Ryan had”以及空后“the $2,000, with which a well was built near a primary school in Uganda.”可知，瑞恩筹集到了2000美元。故选D项。
29. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：学校里的孩子们不再需要走几个小时去取水。A. still依旧；B. even甚至；C. no longer不再；D. always总是。根据空前“After several months, Ryan had ___8___ the $2,000, with which a well was built near a primary school in Uganda. The children at the school”及空后“needed to walk for hours to get water.”可知，因为乌干达的一所小学附近有了一口井，所以孩子们不用再步行几个小时去取水。故选C项。
30. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们很感激他，并邀请他去参观。A. kind友好的；B. thankful感激的；C. generous慷慨的；D. responsible负责任的；有责任的。根据前文“After several months, Ryan had ___8___ the $2,000, with which a well was built near a primary school in Uganda. The children at the school ___9___ needed to walk for hours to get water.”可知因为瑞恩的努力乌干达的一所小学附近终于有了一口井，所以孩子们不用再步行几个小时去取水，可以推测孩子必定对他很感激。故选B项。
31. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在乌干达，瑞安亲眼看到了这口井，还有数百名学生出来欢迎他。A. praise表扬；B. memorize记住；C. contact联系；联络；D. welcome欢迎。根据前文“They were ___10___ to him and invited him to visit.”可知孩子们邀请瑞恩去参观这口井，所以孩子们一定会欢迎他的到来。故选D项。
32. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到自己真的帮助了这些孩子，他露出了愉快的微笑。A. helped帮助；B. improved提高；C. troubled麻烦；D. recognized识别；承认。根据前文“After several months, Ryan had ___8___ the $2,000, with which a well was built near a primary school in Uganda.”以及“In Uganda, Ryan saw the well with his own eyes”可知在瑞恩的努力下，当地孩子们终于有了一口井，所以瑞恩真的帮到了当地的孩子们。故选A项。
33. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：看到自己真的帮助了这些孩子，他露出了愉快的微笑。A. confusing困惑的；B. calm 镇静的；C. joyful开心的；D. bitter苦的。根据前文“Seeing that he really had ___12___ these children,”可知当瑞恩看到自己真的帮助了那些孩子的时候，他一定是开心的。故选C项。
34. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的梦想改变了很多人的生活，尽管他们中的大多数人我们永远也见不到。A. proved证明；B. started开始；C. reflected反映；D. changed改变。根据前文“Now there is a Ryan’s Well Foundation. His dream has”以及空后“the lives of so many people, though most of whom we will never meet. Ryan has shown me what the ___15___ of dreams can do.”可知，瑞恩的梦想让很多人的生活随之改变。故选D项。
35. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：瑞恩向我展示了梦想的力量。A. habit习惯；B. power力量；C. award奖章；D. challenge挑战。根据前文“Now there is a Ryan’s Well Foundation. His dream has ___14___ the lives of so many people, though most of whom we will never meet.”可知，瑞恩最初不被我看好的梦想最终改变了很多人的生活，而这是我最初没有意料到的，所以说瑞恩让我见证了梦想的力量。故选B。
36. was established 37. how 38. an
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍埃及为减少对建筑的破坏所作的努力。
36. 考查时态语态。句意：为了减少对埃及建筑的破坏，防止文物的流失，成立了一个委员会。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语动词。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。主语a committee与establish之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was established。
37. 考查名词性从句。句意：专家和科学家也做出了巨大的努力，提出了如何拯救这些建筑的建议。分析句子结构可知，本句为宾语从句。从句缺少方式状语，所以用连接副词how引导。故填how。
38. 考查冠词。句意：在各方达成协议后，签署了一份文件，并于1960年开始工作。come to an agreement达成协议。故填an。
39. living 40. extinction 41. who
这是一篇说明文。讲述了藏羚羊在20世纪80年代和90年代经历了一段艰难的时期。
1. 考查形容词。句意：另一方面，随着新公路和铁路的建设，他们的生活环境正在萎缩。分析可知，空处在句中为定语，修饰名词environment，应用形容词living，意为“居住的，生活的”，故填living。
2. 考查名词。句意：为了挽救这一物种免于灭绝，中国政府决定将其列入国家保护范围。介词后跟名词作宾语，空前from为介词，所以此处用名词extinction，故填extinction。
3. 考查定语从句。句意：扎西是羌塘的一名村民，也是一名志愿者，他日夜严密地监视着这些羚羊。分析句子可知，“________ is a villager as well as a volunteer in Changtang,”为非限制性定语从句，先行词为Zhaxi，指人，在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who，故填who。
42. despite 43. where 44. As 45. to appreciate
本文是说明文。文章介绍了中国的书写系统龙骨符号。
42. 考查介词。句意：中国以其古老的文明而闻名，它一直延续到现代，尽管在历史上经历了许多起伏。根据“continue all the way”和“many ups and downs in the history”可知，上下文有转折关系，尽管有起伏，但一直延续至今，用介词despite引导让步状语，意为“尽管”。故填despite。
43. 考查定语从句。句意：其中一个关键因素是中国的书写系统，它可以追溯到刻有符号的龙骨的使用。空格后是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词longgu，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，表示“在龙骨上”，用关系副词where引导定语从句。故填where。
44. 考查连词。句意：随着中国在全球事务中发挥越来越大的作用，越来越多的国际学生开始通过这门神奇的语言欣赏中国文化。根据“ an increasing number of international students are beginning ____4____ (appreciate) ”可知，越来越多国际学生欣赏中国文化，是随着中国在全球事务中作用越来越大，as引导时间状语从句，表示“随着”。故填As。
45. 考查非谓语动词。句意：随着中国在全球事务中发挥越来越大的作用，越来越多的国际学生开始通过这门神奇的语言欣赏中国文化。“开始做某事”begin to do，用动词不定式作宾语。故填to appreciate。
46. contributions/ontributions/contribution/ontribution
考查名词。句意：袁隆平先生因对世界农业的巨大贡献而获得多项国际奖项。结合句意和首字母提示可知，应使用名词contribution作宾语，意为“贡献”，可数名词，句中可理解为单数，也可理解为复数。故填contributions或contribution。
47. adapt/dapt
考查动词。句意：有些动物具有非凡的适应环境变化的能力。adapt to doing sth.适应做某事。名词ability后接不定式作定语，所以to后接动词原形。根据首字母提示及句意，故填adapt。
48. majoring/ajoring
考查非谓语动词。句意：我叫莉莉，山东大学大四学生，我主修医学专业。分析句子结构和意思可知，空格处需要表示“主修”对应的动词major的现在分词形式，表示主动和正在进行的动作，是主语I主动发出的动作，作状语。故填majoring。
49. prevented/revented
考查动词时态。句意：政府采取的积极措施极大地阻止了疾病的传播。由“Active measures taken by the government”和“the spread of the disease”可知，句子表示“政府采取的积极措施极大地阻止了疾病的传播”，空格处意为“阻止”，由首字母提示p可知，是prevent，由have可知，句子时态是现在完成时，空格处填过去分词，故填prevented。
50. immediately/mmediately
考查副词。句意：面对这样的紧急情况，这项政策将立即付诸实施。根据句意和首字母提示可知，应使用副词immediately“立即，马上”作状语，修饰动词短语put into action。故填immediately。
51. struggled
考查动词时态。句意：那个士兵受了重伤，但他挣扎着站了起来。“挣扎，奋斗”是struggle，由was可知，句子时态用一般过去时，空格处用过去式，故填struggled。
52. description/account
考查名词。句意：这位女士向警察详细地描述了强盗。由a detailed修饰，应用名词单数。根据汉语提示，故填description/account。
53. specific
考查形容词。在当今社会，你需要有特定的技能才能谋生。根据汉语提示“特定的”，结合句子结构可知，空处填形容词specific作skills的前置定语。故填specific。
54. forgave
考查动词和时态。句意：他们原谅他昨天在会上的无礼。动词forgive“原谅”，空处在句中为谓语，结合句中时间状语yesterday可知，空处的时态为一般过去时。所以用过去式forgave，故填forgave。
55. illegal
考查形容词。句意：未经允许看别人的私人信件是违法的。根据汉语提示可知，illegal不合法的，形容词作表语，符合题意。故填illegal。
Dear Jack,
Thanks for your email. Recently, many people have been infected with Covid-19, causing great panic. But you needn’t be too concerned about it and I’d like to give you some practical suggestions, which will surely help you a lot.
Firstly, what I want to stress most is that you should keep calm and positive. As we all know, keeping a good mind state is the most important to defeat the virus. Secondly, better self-protection is needed. For example, you’d better wear N95 masks, avoid gathering, wash hands more and prepare some medicine in advance. In addition, eating more fruits and vegetables and drinking more water can’t be forgotten. Of course, proper amount of exercise is necessary to improve our immune system.
Do follow my advice, protect yourself wisely and everything will be Ok.
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求写邮件告知笔友Jack在疫情期间如何防护。
1. 词汇积累
引起：cause→lead to
担忧：be concerned about→be worried about
强调：stress→emphasize
此外：in addition→what’s more
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Proper amount of exercise is necessary to improve our immune system.
拓展句：Proper amount of exercise is necessary, which can improve our immune system.
高分句型1：I’d like to give you some practical suggestions, which will surely help you a lot.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
高分句型2：Firstly, what I want to stress most is that you should keep calm and positive.（运用了what引导的主语从句和that引导的表语从句）
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